Volume 13 Biographies 3: Members of the Song Imperial Family 1

列傳第三宋宗室及諸王上

Biographies 3 — Members of the Song Imperial Family 1

長沙景王道憐臨川烈武王道規營浦侯遵考武帝諸子

Prince Jing of Changsha, Dao Lin; Prince Lie Wu of Linchuan, Dao Gui; Marquis Zunkao of Yingpu; the sons of Emperor Wu

長沙景王道憐，宋武帝中弟也。謝琰為徐州，命為從事史。武帝克京城及平建鄴，道憐常留侍太后，後以軍功封新渝縣男。從武帝征廣固，所部獲慕容超，以功改封竟陵縣公。及討司馬休之，道憐監太尉留府事。江陵平，為驃騎將軍、開府儀同三司、荊州刺史，護南蠻校尉，加都督，北府文武悉配之。

Prince Jing of Changsha, Dao Lin, was Emperor Wu of Song's next younger brother. When Xie Yan served as governor of Xuzhou, he made Dao Lin an attendant officer on his staff. While Emperor Wu seized the capital and pacified Jianye, Dao Lin usually stayed behind to attend the empress dowager; later, for military merit, he was enfeoffed Baron of Xinyu. When he followed Emperor Wu on the Guanggu campaign, his troops captured Murong Chao, and for that feat his fief was raised to Duke of Jingling. During the suppression of Sima Xiuzhi, Dao Lin oversaw the affairs of the Grand Marshal's office left at the capital. After Jiangling fell, he was made General of Agile Cavalry with an office equal to the Three Excellencies, governor of Jingzhou, Protector of the Southern Barbarians, and overall commander; every civil and military officer of the Northern Headquarters was placed under him.

道憐素無才能，言音甚楚，舉止多諸鄙拙，畜聚常若不足。去鎮日，府庫為空。徵拜司空、徐兗二州刺史，加都督，出鎮京口。武帝受命，遷太尉，封長沙王。

Dao Lin had no real ability. He spoke with a thick Chu accent, his manners were mostly coarse and clumsy, and he always seemed to be scraping together more than he could keep. The day he left his post, the prefectural treasury stood empty. He was recalled, appointed Grand Minister of Works and governor of Xu and Yan, given overall command, and sent to garrison Jingkou. When Emperor Wu accepted the throne, Dao Lin was promoted to Grand Marshal and enfeoffed Prince of Changsha.

先是，廬陵王義真為揚州刺史，太后謂上曰：「道憐汝布衣兄弟，宜用為揚州。」上曰：「寄奴於道憐，豈有所惜。揚州根本所寄，事務至重，非道憐所了。」太后曰：「道憐年五十，豈不如十歲兒邪？」上曰：「車士雖為刺史，事無大小，皆由寄奴。道憐年長，不親其事，於聽望不足。」太后乃無言，竟不授。

Earlier, Prince Yizhen of Luling had been governor of Yangzhou. The empress dowager told the emperor, "Dao Lin is your brother from the days before you wore the dragon robe — he should be given Yangzhou. The emperor replied, "Would I, Jitu, begrudge Dao Lin anything? But Yangzhou is the root of the realm; its business is far too heavy for Dao Lin to handle." The empress dowager said, "Dao Lin is fifty — surely he is more capable than a ten-year-old child?" Even if Che Shi holds the governorship," the emperor said, "every matter, large or small, still passes through me. Dao Lin is old and would not manage things himself — the appointment would look bad." The empress dowager fell silent, and in the end the appointment was never made.

道憐子義欣嗣，位豫州刺史，鎮壽陽，境內畏服，道不拾遺，遂為盛藩強鎮。薨，贈開府儀同三司，諡曰成王。

Dao Lin's son Yi Xin succeeded him, served as governor of Yu and garrisoned Shouyang. People within his jurisdiction feared and respected him; things dropped on the road were not picked up, and the region became a flourishing, powerful frontier command. At his death he was posthumously granted an office equal to the Three Excellencies and given the posthumous title Prince Cheng.

子悼王瑾嗣，傳爵至子，齊受禪，國除。

His son, Prince Dao Jin, succeeded; the title passed to the next generation, and when Qi took the throne the fief was abolished.

韞弟述字彥思，亦甚庸劣。從子俁疾危篤，父彥節母蕭對之泣，述嘗候之，便命左右取酒肉令俁進之，皆莫知其意。或問焉，答曰：「禮雲，有疾飲酒食肉。」述又嘗新有緦慘，或詣之，問其母安否。述曰：「惟有愁惛。」次訪其子，對曰：「所謂父子聚麀。」蓋謂麀為憂也。

Yun's younger brother Shu, styled Yansi, was equally mediocre and dull. His nephew Hou lay gravely ill; Hou's father Yanjie and mother Xiao wept at his bedside. When Shu came to visit, he at once ordered attendants to bring wine and meat and made Hou eat — no one understood why. Asked to explain, he said, "The Rites say that when one is ill one may drink wine and eat meat. Shu was once in fresh mourning dress when a visitor asked after his mother's health. Shu replied, "Only sorrow and confusion. Asked next about his son, he answered, "What people call father and son sharing a doe." He apparently meant "doe" as "sorrow."

義欣弟義融封桂陽縣侯，邑千戶。凡王子為侯，食邑皆千戶。義融位五兵尚書，領軍，有質幹，善於用短楯。卒諡恭侯。子孝侯覬嗣，無子，弟襲以子晃繼。襲字茂德，性庸鄙，為郢州刺史，暑月露褌上聽事，時綱紀政伏合，怪之，訪問乃知是襲。

Yi Xin's younger brother Yi Rong was enfeoffed Marquis of Guiyang, with a fief of one thousand households. Whenever an imperial prince was enfeoffed as a marquis, the fief was always one thousand households. Yi Rong served as Minister of the Five Armies and commander of the palace guard. He had solid substance and was skilled with the short shield. At his death he received the posthumous title Marquis Gong. His son, Marquis Xiao Ji, succeeded; childless, the line passed to Xi's son Huang. Xi, styled Maode, was coarse and vulgar. As governor of Yingzhou, in midsummer he appeared in the reception hall wearing only his drawers. Chief clerk Zheng Fu found it odd, made inquiries, and learned it was Xi.

義融弟義宗，幼為武帝所愛，字曰伯奴，封新渝縣侯，位太子左衛率。坐門生杜德靈放橫打人，入義宗第蔽隱，免官。德靈以姿色，故義宗愛寵之。義宗卒于南兗州刺史，諡曰惠侯。子懷珍嗣，無子，弟彥節以子承繼。

Yi Rong's younger brother Yi Zong was cherished by Emperor Wu from childhood. Called Bonu, he was enfeoffed Marquis of Xinyu and served as Left Commandant of the Crown Prince's Guard. He was dismissed because his student Du Deling had beaten people violently and then taken refuge in Yi Zong's residence, where Yi Zong concealed him. Because of his handsome looks, Deling was Yi Zong's favorite. Yi Zong died while serving as governor of Southern Yanzhou and received the posthumous title Marquis Hui. His son Huai Zhen succeeded; childless, the line passed to Yanjie's son Cheng.

彥節少以宗室清謹見知，孝武時，其弟遐坐通嫡母殷氏養女雲敷，殷每禁之。及殷亡，口血出，眾疑遐行毒害。孝武使彥節從弟祗諷彥節啟證其事。彥節曰：「行路之人尚不應爾，今日乃可一門同盡，無容奉敕。」眾以此稱之。後廢帝即位，累遷尚書左僕射，參選。元徽元年，領吏部，加兵五百人。桂陽王休範為逆，中領軍劉勉出守石頭，彥節權兼領軍將軍，所給加兵，自隨入殿。封當陽侯，與齊高帝、袁粲、褚彥回分日入直，平決機事，遷中書令，加撫軍將軍。及帝廢為蒼梧王，彥節出集議，于路逢從弟韞。韞問曰：「今日之事，故當歸兄邪？」彥節曰：「吾等已讓領軍矣。」韞捶胸曰：「兄肉中詎有血邪，今年族矣。」齊高帝聞而惡之。順帝即位，轉尚書令。時齊高帝輔政，彥節知運祚將遷，密懷異圖。及沈攸之舉兵，齊高帝入屯朝堂，袁粲鎮石頭，潛與彥節及諸大將黃回等謀夜會石頭，詰旦乃發。彥節素怯，騷擾不自安。再晡後，便自丹陽郡車載婦女，盡室奔石頭。臨去，婦蕭氏強勸令食，彥節歠羹寫胸中，手振不自禁。其主簿丁靈衛聞難即入，語左右曰：「今日之事，難以取濟。但我受劉公厚恩，義無二情。」及至見粲，粲驚曰：「何遽便來，事今敗矣。」彥節曰：「今得見公，萬死何恨。」從弟韞直省內，與直合將軍卜伯興謀其夜共攻齊高帝，會彥節事覺，秣陵令劉實、建康令劉遐密告齊高帝，高帝夜使驍騎將軍王敬則收殺之，伯興亦遇害。粲敗，彥節踰城走，於額簷湖見禽被殺。彥節子俁嘗賦詩云：「城上草，植根非不高，所恨風霜早。」時咸雲此為祅句。事敗，俁與弟陔剃髮被法服向京口，於客舍為人識，執于建康獄盡殺之。彥節既貴，士子自非三署不得上方榻，時人以此少之。其妻蕭思話女也，常懼禍敗，每謂曰：「君富貴已足，故應為兒作計。」彥節不從，故及禍。

Yanjie was known from youth in the imperial clan for purity and discretion. Under Emperor Xiaowu, his younger brother Xia was charged with relations with his stepmother Lady Yin's foster daughter Yun Fu, whom Lady Yin repeatedly forbade him to see. When Lady Yin died, blood issued from her mouth, and many suspected Xia of poisoning her. Emperor Xiaowu had Yanjie's younger cousin Zhi suggest that Yanjie memorialize the throne and testify in the case. Yanjie said, "Even a stranger on the road would not do such a thing — how could I obey an edict and bring the whole clan to ruin? People praised him for this. After the Deposed Emperor took the throne, Yanjie rose repeatedly to Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing and took part in personnel selection. In the first year of Yuanhui he headed the Ministry of Personnel and was granted five hundred additional guards. When Prince Xiufan of Guiyang rebelled, Central Army Commander Liu Mian went out to hold Shitou. Yanjie temporarily held the post of palace guard commander as well, and the extra guards assigned him entered the palace at his side. Enfeoffed Marquis of Dangyang, he joined Emperor Gao of Qi, Yuan Can, and Chu Yuanhui in daily attendance at court, deciding urgent affairs together. He was made Director of the Secretariat with the additional title General Who Pacifies the Army. When the emperor was deposed and made Prince Cangwu, Yanjie went out to an assembly and met his younger cousin Yun on the road. Yun asked, "In today's affair, shouldn't the leadership fall to you, elder brother? Yanjie said, "We have already yielded the command to the palace guard commander." Yun struck his breast and cried, "Is there no blood in your flesh, brother? This year the whole clan will be wiped out." When Emperor Gao of Qi heard this, he took a deep dislike to Yun. When Emperor Shun took the throne, Yanjie was made Director of the Masters of Writing. Emperor Gao of Qi was then regent. Yanjie sensed the mandate was shifting and secretly nursed a different plan. When Shen Youzhi rose in arms, Emperor Gao of Qi encamped in the Court Hall while Yuan Can held Shitou. Yuan Can secretly planned with Yanjie and generals including Huang Hui to meet at Shitou by night and strike at dawn. Yanjie was timid by nature and grew restless and uneasy. After the second watch he loaded his wife and household women into a cart from Danyang commandery and fled with his entire family to Shitou. As he was leaving, his wife Lady Xiao pressed him to eat. Yanjie drank soup that spilled down his chest, his hands shaking beyond control. His chief clerk Ding Lingwei, hearing of the crisis, entered at once and told those around him, "Today's affair will be hard to succeed. But I have received great kindness from Lord Liu and owe him undivided loyalty. When he reached Yuan Can, Can cried in alarm, "Why come so hastily? The affair is ruined already." Yanjie said, "Now that I have seen you, sir, I would die ten thousand deaths without regret." His younger cousin Yun was on palace duty and plotted with Direct Attendance General Bu Boxing to attack Emperor Gao of Qi that same night. When Yanjie's plot was discovered, Moling magistrate Liu Shi and Jiankang magistrate Liu Xia secretly reported to Emperor Gao of Qi, who that night sent General of Fierce Cavalry Wang Jingze to seize and kill them; Boxing perished as well. When Yuan Can was defeated, Yanjie climbed over the wall, and fled; at Eyebrow Ridge Lake he was captured, and killed. Yanjie's son Hou once wrote a poem: "Grass on the wall — its roots are not too shallow, but I regret the early frost and wind. At the time everyone said this was an omen verse. When the plot failed, Hou and his younger brother Ai shaved their heads, donned monks' robes, and headed for Jingkou; at an inn they were recognized, seized, and all were killed in Jiankang prison. Once Yanjie had risen high, scholars not of the Three Offices were not allowed the upper couch in his presence; people thought less of him for this. His wife was Xiao Sihua's daughter; she always feared disaster and often told him, "Your wealth and honor are already enough — you ought to plan for our sons. Yanjie would not listen, and so met with calamity.

彥節弟遐字彥道，為嫡母殷暴亡，有司糾之，徙始安郡。後得還，位吳郡太守，至是亦見誅。遐人才甚凡，自諱名有同主諱，常對客曰：「孝武無道，見枉殺母。」其頑騃若此。及彥節當權，遐累求方伯。彥節曰：「我在事，而用汝作州，於聽望不足。」遐曰：「富貴則言不可相關，從坐之日得免不？」至是果死。

Yanjie's younger brother Xia, styled Yandao, was impeached when his stepmother Lady Yin died suddenly and was banished to Shi'an commandery. Later he was allowed to return and served as governor of Wu commandery; at this time he too was executed. Xia's talent was very ordinary. Because his name matched the imperial taboo, he avoided it and often told guests, "Emperor Xiaowu was without the Way and wrongly killed my mother. He was obstinate and dull to that degree. Once Yanjie held power, Xia repeatedly asked for a provincial governorship. Yanjie said, "While I am in office, making you a governor would look bad. Xia said, "When there is wealth, and honor you say we cannot be connected; on the day of shared guilt, can one escape?" Then he indeed died.

義宗弟義賓，封興安侯，位徐州刺史。卒，諡曰肅侯。義賓弟義綦，封營道縣侯，凡鄙無識。始興王浚嘗謂曰：「陸士衡詩雲，'營道無烈心'，其何意苦阿父如此。」義綦曰：「下官初不識士衡，何忽見苦。」其庸塞皆然。位湘州刺史，諡僖侯。臨川烈武王道規字道則，武帝少弟也。倜儻有大志，預謀誅桓玄。時桓弘鎮廣陵，以為征虜中兵參軍。武帝克京城，道規亦以其日與劉毅、孟昶斬弘。玄敗走，道規與劉毅、何無忌追破之。無忌欲乘勝直造江陵。道規曰：「諸桓世居西楚，群小皆為竭力；桓振勇冠三軍。且可頓兵以計策縻之。」無忌不從，果為振敗。乃退還尋陽，繕舟甲復進，遂平巴陵。江陵之平，道規推毅為元功，無忌為次，自居其末。以起義勳，封華容縣公，累遷領護南蠻校尉、荊州刺史，加都督。善於刑政，士庶畏而愛之。

Yi Zong's younger brother Yi Bin was enfeoffed Marquis of Xing'an and served as governor of Xuzhou. At his death he received the posthumous title Marquis Su. Yi Bin's younger brother Yi Qi was enfeoffed Marquis of Yingdao; he was vulgar, and without understanding. Prince Jun of Shixing once told him, "Lu Ji wrote in a poem, 'On the road to Ying there is no fierce heart' — why do you distress Uncle so? Yi Qi said, "I never knew Lu Ji — why suddenly pick on me?" His mediocrity and obtuseness were all of this sort. He served as governor of Xiangzhou and received the posthumous title Marquis Xi. Prince Lie Wu of Linchuan, Dao Gui, styled Daozi, was Emperor Wu's youngest brother. Unconventional and bold, he nursed great ambitions and took part in plotting Huan Xuan's overthrow. At that time Huan Hong garrisoned Guangling; Dao Gui was made a middle army major on the staff of the General Who Pacifies the Barbarians. When Emperor Wu took the capital, Dao Gui on that same day joined Liu Yi and Meng Chang in beheading Hong. When Xuan fled in defeat, Dao Gui with Liu Yi and He Wuji pursued and routed him. Wuji wished to press the victory and march straight on Jiangling. Dao Gui said, "The Huans have long held western Chu; every lesser man serves them with all his strength; Huan Zhen's courage tops all three armies. For now we should halt and use stratagem to tie them down. Wuji would not listen and was indeed defeated by Zhen. They withdrew to Xunyang, repaired boats and armor, and advanced again, finally pacifying Baling. When Jiangling fell, Dao Gui ranked Yi first in merit, Wuji second, and himself last. For merit in raising the righteous army he was enfeoffed Duke of Huarong and rose repeatedly to Protector of the Southern Barbarians, governor of Jingzhou, and overall commander. He was skilled in law and administration; gentry and commoners feared him yet loved him.

盧循寇逼建鄴，道規遣司馬王鎮之及揚武將軍檀道濟、廣武將軍到彥之等赴援朝廷，至尋陽，為循党荀林所破。林乘勝伐江陵，聲言徐道覆已克建鄴。而桓謙自長安入蜀，譙縱以謙為荊州刺史，與其大將譙道福俱寇江陵。道規乃會將士告之曰：「吾東來文武足以濟事，欲去者不禁。」因夜開城門，眾咸憚服，莫有去者。雍州刺史魯宗之自襄陽來赴，或謂宗之未可測。道規乃單車迎之，眾咸感悅。眾議欲使檀道濟、到彥之共擊荀林等。道規曰：「非吾自行不決。」乃使宗之居守，委以心腹，率諸將大敗謙，斬之。諮議劉遵追荀林，斬之巴陵。初，謙至枝江，江陵士庶皆與謙書，言城內虛實。道規一皆焚燒，眾乃大安。

When Lu Xun pressed toward Jianye, Dao Gui sent Marshal Wang Zhenzhi and Generals Tan Daoji and Dao Yanzhi to aid the court; reaching Xunyang, they were defeated by Xun's partisan Xun Lin. Lin pressed the victory toward Jiangling, declaring that Xu Daofu had already taken Jianye. Meanwhile Huan Qian entered Shu from Chang'an; Qiao Zong made Qian governor of Jingzhou, and with his great general Qiao Daofu together pressed Jiangling. Dao Gui assembled his officers and told them, "The civil and military men I brought east are enough to win — whoever wishes to leave may go. That night he opened the city gates; the troops all stood in awe, and none departed. Lu Zongzhi, governor of Yongzhou, came from Xiangyang to aid; some said he could not be trusted. Dao Gui then went out alone in a cart to meet him; the troops all felt moved and reassured. The assembly wished to send Tan Daoji and Dao Yanzhi together against Xun Lin and the others. Only if he went in person, Dao Gui said, could the matter be decided. He had Zongzhi remain on guard and entrusted him with his inner circle; leading the generals he routed Qian and beheaded him. Counselor Liu Zun pursued Xun Lin, and beheaded him at Baling. Earlier, when Qian reached Zhijiang, Jiangling's gentry and commoners all wrote to Qian about conditions inside the city. Dao Gui burned them all; the people then felt greatly reassured.

徐道覆奄至破塚，魯宗之已還襄陽，人情大震。或傳循已克都，遣道覆上為刺史。江、漢士庶感其焚書之恩，無復二志。道規使劉遵為遊軍，自拒道覆，前驅失利。道規壯氣愈厲，遵自外橫擊，大破之。初使遵為遊軍，眾咸言不宜割見力置無用之地。及破道覆，果得遊軍之力，眾乃服焉。遵字慧明，臨淮海西人，道規從母兄也，位淮南太守，追封監利縣侯。

Xu Daofu suddenly arrived and broke Pozhong; Lu Zongzhi had already returned to Xiangyang, and morale shook badly. Some reported that Xun had already taken the capital, and sent Daofu up as governor. The gentry and commoners of the Jiang and Han regions, grateful that he had burned the letters, stood firm with him. Dao Gui sent Liu Zun as a mobile force while he himself met Daofu; the vanguard was defeated. Dao Gui's fighting spirit grew fiercer; Zun struck from the flank and routed them. At first, when he sent Zun as a mobile force, everyone said it was wrong to split his strength and place it where it seemed useless. When Daofu was defeated, it indeed owed to the mobile force; the troops then submitted. Zun, styled Huiming, came from Haixi in Linhuai; he was Dao Gui's maternal cousin, served as governor of Huainan, and was posthumously enfeoffed Marquis of Jianli.

九年，出為平西將軍、荊州刺史，加都督。荊州居上流之重，資實兵甲居朝廷之半，故武帝諸子遍居之。義慶以宗室令美，故特有此授。性謙虛，始至及去鎮，迎送物並不受。十二年，普使內外群臣舉士，義慶表舉前臨沮令新野庾實、前征奉朝請武陵龔祈、處士南陽師覺授。義慶留心撫物，州統內官長親老不隨在官舍者，一年聽三吏餉家。先是，王弘為江州，亦有此制。在州八年，為西土所安。撰徐州先賢傳十卷奏上之。又擬班固典引為典敘，以述皇代之美。

In the ninth year he went out as General Who Pacifies the West, governor of Jingzhou, with overall command. Jingzhou held the weight of the upper Yangzi; its resources and armor equaled half the court's — therefore Emperor Wu's sons held it in turn. Yi Qing enjoyed fine reputation in the imperial clan and therefore received this appointment in particular. Modest by nature, on arrival and on leaving he accepted none of the gifts of welcome and farewell. In the twelfth year the court ordered civil and military ministers to recommend scholars; Yi Qing memorialized recommending Geng Shi of Xinye, Gong Qi of Wuling, and the recluse Shi Jueshou of Nanyang. Yi Qing attended carefully to comforting the people; within the province, officials whose elderly parents did not live in official quarters were allowed three clerks per year to supply the home. Earlier, when Wang Hong held Jiangzhou, the same rule had applied. During eight years in the province, the western lands were settled under him. He compiled Biographies of Worthies of Xuzhou in ten fascicles and submitted it to the throne. He also modeled Ban Gu's Canon Introduction as Canon Narrative to set forth the glories of the age.

改授江州，又遷南兗州刺史，並帶都督。尋即本號加開府儀同三司。性簡素，寡嗜欲，愛好文義，文辭雖不多，足為宗室之表。歷任無浮淫之過；唯晚節奉沙門頗致費損。少善騎乘，及長，不復跨馬，招聚才學之士，遠近必至。太尉袁淑文冠當時，義慶在江州請為衛軍諮議。其餘吳郡陸展、東海何長瑜、鮑照等，並有辭章之美，引為佐吏國臣。所著世說十卷，撰集林二百卷，並行於世。文帝每與義慶書，常加意斟酌。

He was transferred to Jiangzhou, then made governor of Southern Yanzhou, both with overall command. Before long, he received his original title with an added office equal to the Three Excellencies. Simple and plain by nature, with few desires, he loved letters; though his writings were not many, he was enough to be the model of the imperial clan. Through successive appointments he showed no licentious excess; only in his later years, patronizing Buddhist monks, he incurred considerable expense. In youth he was skilled at riding; when grown he no longer mounted a horse but gathered men of talent and learning — from near and far they always came. Grand Marshal Yuan Shu's writing crowned the age; Yi Qing at Jiangzhou invited him as Counselor of the Guard Army. The rest — Lu Zhan of Wu, He Changyu of Donghai, Bao Zhao and others — all had beauty in their writings and were brought in as staff and household ministers. His A New Account of Tales of the World in ten fascicles and Collected Forests in two hundred fascicles both circulated in the world. Whenever Emperor Wen wrote to Yi Qing, he always weighed his words with care.

鮑照字明遠，東海人，文辭瞻逸。嘗為古樂府，文甚遒麗。元嘉中，河濟俱清，當時以為美瑞。照為河清頌，其序甚工。照始嘗謁義慶未見知，欲貢詩言志，人止之曰：「卿位尚卑，不可輕忤大王。」照勃然曰：「千載上有英才異士沈沒而不聞者，安可數哉。大丈夫豈可遂蘊智慧，使蘭艾不辨，終日碌碌，與燕雀相隨乎。」於是奏詩，義慶奇之。賜帛二十匹，尋擢為國侍郎，甚見知賞。遷秣陵令。文帝以為中書舍人。上好為文章，自謂人莫能及，照悟其旨，為文章多鄙言累句。咸謂照才盡，實不然也。臨海王子頊為荊州，照為前軍參軍，掌書記之任。子頊敗，為亂兵所殺。

Bao Zhao, styled Mingyuan, came from Donghai; his writing was brilliant and free. He once wrote old yuefu lyrics; the text was very forceful and beautiful. In the Yuanjia era the Yellow, and Ji rivers both ran clear; at the time this was taken as an auspicious omen. Zhao wrote an Ode to the River's Clarity. its preface was very skilled. At first Zhao called on Yi Qing and was not recognized; he wished to present poems to declare his intent, but people stopped him, saying, "Your rank is still low — you must not lightly offend the prince. Zhao said angrily, "Above in a thousand years are talented and unusual men who sink unheard — can one count them? How can a great man hoard his wisdom, leave orchid, and mugwort undistinguished,, and toil day after day following swallows, and sparrows? He then submitted his poems; Yi Qing found them extraordinary. He was granted twenty bolts of silk; soon he was promoted to Gentleman of the Principality, and was greatly known, and rewarded. He was transferred to magistrate of Moling. Emperor Wen appointed him Attendant of the Secretariat. The emperor loved composing essays and considered that no man could match him; Zhao grasped his intent and in his essays used many vulgar words piled in sentences. Everyone said Zhao's talent was exhausted; in fact it was not so. Prince Zishang of Linhai held Jingzhou; Zhao served as forward army major and held the duty of secretary. Once Zishang was defeated, he was killed by mutinous soldiers.

子澄之，升明末貴達。澄之弟琨之為竟陵王誕司空主簿。誕有寶琴，左右犯其徽，誕罰焉。琨之諫，誕曰：「此餘寶也。」琨之曰：「前哲以善人為寶，不以珠玉為寶，故王孫圉稱觀父為楚國之寶。未聞以琴瑟為寶。」誕忸然不悅。誕之叛，以為中兵參軍。辭曰：「忠孝不得並，琨之老父在，將安之乎。」誕殺之。後贈黃門郎，詔謝莊為誄。

His son Chengzhi. in the late Shengming era, rose to high rank. Chengzhi's younger brother Kunzhi was chief clerk to Prince Dan of Jingling. Dan had a precious zither; an attendant touched its bridge and Dan punished him. Kunzhi remonstrated, but Dan replied, "This is my leftover treasure. Kunzhi said, "Former sages took good men as treasure, not pearls and jade — therefore Wang Sunyu called Guan Zhong the treasure of Chu. I have never heard of taking zithers, and lutes as treasure. Dan was ashamed, and displeased. When Dan rebelled, Kunzhi was made middle army major. He declined, saying, "Loyalty and filial piety cannot both be fulfilled — my old father still lives; where can I settle? Dan killed him. Afterward, he was posthumously made Gentleman at the Yellow Gate; an edict ordered Xie Zhuang to compose the eulogy.

遵考從父弟思考亦官曆清顯，卒于散騎常侍、金紫光祿大夫。

Zunkao's younger cousin on the father's side, Sikao, also held offices of clear prominence and died as Regular Attendant and Grand Master of the Gold Seal and Purple Ribbon.

子季連字惠續，早曆清官。齊高帝受禪，將及誅，太宰褚彥回素善之，固請乃免。建武中，為平西蕭遙欣長史、南郡太守。遙欣多招賓客，明帝甚惡之。季連有憾於遙欣，乃密表明帝言其有異跡。明帝乃以遙欣為雍州刺史，而心德季連，以為益州刺史，令據遙欣上流。季連父思考，宋時為益州，雖無政績，州人猶以義故，故善待之。季連存問故老，見父時人吏皆泣對之。遂甯人龔愜累世有學行，辟為府主簿。及聞東昏失德，稍自驕矜。性忌褊，遂嚴愎酷佷，土人始怨。

His son Jilian, styled Huixu, early held honorable offices. When Emperor Gao of Qi took the throne, Jilian was about to be executed; Grand Preceptor Chu Yuanhui, who had always been kind to him, pleaded strongly and he was spared. In the Jianwu era he was chief administrator to Prince Yaoxin of Pingxi and governor of Nan commandery. Yaoxin greatly gathered guests. Emperor Ming deeply detested this. Jilian bore a grudge against Yaoxin and secretly reported to Emperor Ming signs of disloyalty. Emperor Ming then made Yaoxin governor of Yongzhou, yet inwardly favored Jilian and made him governor of Yi, ordering him to hold the upper stream above Yaoxin. Jilian's father Sikao had governed Yi Province under Song; though without great achievement, the people still treated him well out of old obligation. Jilian inquired after the old elders; when he met men and clerks from his father's time, all wept as they answered. Gong Qie of Ning, a man of several generations' learning and conduct, was recruited as chief clerk of the headquarters. When he heard that Emperor Donghun had lost the Way, he gradually grew proud, and arrogant. Jealous and narrow by nature, he then became stern, obstinate, cruel, and harsh; the local people began to resent him.

梁武帝平建鄴，遣左右陳建孫送季連二子及弟通直郎子深喻旨，季連受命，修還裝。武帝以西台將鄧元起為益州刺史。元起，南郡人，季連為南郡時，待之素薄。元起典簽朱道琛者，嘗為季連府都錄，無賴，季連欲殺之，逃免。至是說元起請先使檢校緣路奉迎。及至，言語不恭；又曆造府州人士，見器物輒奪之，曰：「會屬人，何須苦惜」。軍府大懼，言于季連，季連以為然。又惡昔之不禮元起，益憤懣。司馬朱士略說季連求為巴西郡守，三子為質，季連許之。既而召兵算之，精甲十萬。臨軍歎曰：「據天嶮之地，握此盛兵，進可以匡社稷，退不失作劉備，欲以此安歸乎。」遂矯稱齊宣德皇后令，復反，收朱道琛殺之。書報朱士略，兼召涪令李膺，並不受命。

When Emperor Wu of Liang pacified Jianye, he sent attendant Chen Jiansun with Jilian's two sons and his younger brother Regular Attendant Zishen to explain the imperial intent; Jilian accepted the command and prepared to return. The emperor made General Deng Yuanqi of the Western Headquarters governor of Yi Province. Yuanqi came from Nan commandery; when Jilian had held Nan commandery he had always treated him coldly. Yuanqi's chief clerk Zhu Daochen had once been chief recorder in Jilian's headquarters; a ruffian, he had fled when Jilian wished to kill him. At this time he persuaded Yuanqi to first send men to inspect and verify the welcoming mission along the route. Once they arrived, their speech turned disrespectful; they also went about visiting men of the headquarters, and prefecture; whenever they saw objects they seized them, saying, "They will soon belong to others; why begrudge them so?" The military headquarters were greatly afraid and spoke to Jilian; Jilian thought them right. He also hated his past discourtesy to Yuanqi, and grew still more resentful. Marshal Zhu Shilue persuaded Jilian to ask to be governor of Baxi with his three sons as hostages; Jilian agreed. Then he summoned troops and counted them — a hundred thousand in elite armor. Facing the army he sighed and said, "Holding heaven's steep ground and grasping these mighty troops, advancing I can restore the altars, retreating I need not fail to be another Liu Bei — with this in hand, where can I safely go? He then falsely declared an order of Empress Xuan of Qi, and rebelled again, seized Zhu Daochen, and killed him. He wrote to Zhu Shilue, and also summoned Fucheng magistrate Li Ying; neither accepted the command.

天監元年六月，元起至巴西，季連遣其將李奉伯拒戰，見敗。季連固守，元起圍之。城中餓死者相枕，又從而相食。二年，乃肉袒請罪。元起遷季連於外，俄而造焉，待之以禮。季連謝曰：「早知如此，豈有前日之事。」元起誅李奉伯，送季連還都。將發，人莫之視，唯龔愜送焉。初，元起在道，懼事不集無以賞，士之至者皆許以辟命，於是受別駕、中從事檄者將二千人。

In the sixth month of the first year of Tianjian, Yuanqi reached Baxi; Jilian sent his general Li Fengbo to resist and was defeated. Jilian held firm while Yuanqi besieged him. Within the city the starved dead lay pillow to pillow; they then ate one another in turn. During the second year, he bared his torso to beg forgiveness. Yuanqi moved Jilian outside; soon he visited him, and treated him with courtesy. Jilian apologized, saying, "Had I known it would end like this, how could there have been yesterday's affair? Yuanqi executed Li Fengbo, and sent Jilian back to the capital. As he was about to depart, no one looked at him. only Gong Qie saw him off. At first, while Yuanqi was on the road, fearing failure and having nothing with which to reward men, he promised appointment orders to all who came — nearly two thousand received orders as vice governor or attendant officer.

季連既至，詣闕謝罪，自東掖門入，數步一稽首以至帝前。帝笑謂曰：「卿欲慕劉備而曾不及公孫述，豈無臥龍之臣乎。」赦為庶人。四年，出建陽門，為蜀人藺相如所殺。季連在蜀，殺其父。變名走建鄴，至是報焉。乃面縛歸罪，帝壯而赦之。

When Jilian arrived, he went to the palace to beg forgiveness, entered by the East Flanking Gate, and bowed every few steps until he reached the emperor. The emperor smiled and said, "You wished to emulate Liu Bei yet did not even reach Gongsun Shu — had you no Sleeping Dragon among your ministers? The court pardoned him, reducing him to commoner status. During the fourth year, he went out the Jianyang Gate, and was killed by Lin Xiangru of Shu. While in Shu, Xiangru had killed Jilian's father. He changed his name, and fled to Jianye; at this time he took revenge. He then bound himself and returned to confess guilt; the emperor admired this and pardoned him.

宋武帝七男：張夫人生少帝，孫修華生廬陵孝獻王義真，胡婕妤生文帝，王修容生彭城王義康，桓美人生江夏文獻王義恭，孫美人生南郡王義宣，呂美人生衡陽文王義季。

Emperor Wu of Song had seven sons: Lady Zhang bore the Deposed Emperor; Sun Xiuhua bore Prince Xiaoxian of Luling, Yizhen; Lady Hu the Jieyu bore Emperor Wen; Wang Xiurong bore Prince Yikang of Pengcheng; Lady Huan bore Prince Yigong of Jiangxia; Sun Meiren bore Prince Yixuan of Nan commandery; Lady Lu bore Prince Yiji of Hengyang.

沈田子既殺王鎮惡，王修又殺田子，兼裁減義真賜左右物。左右怨之，因白義真曰：「鎮惡欲反，故田子殺之；修殺田子，豈又欲反也。」義真使左右劉乞殺修。修字叔，京兆霸城人。初南度見桓玄，玄謂曰：「君平世吏部郎才也。」修既死，人情離異。武帝遣右將軍朱齡石代義真鎮關中，使義真疾歸。諸將競斂財貨，方軌徐行。建威將軍傅弘之曰：「虜騎若至，何以待之？」賊追兵果至。至青泥，大敗，義真獨逃草中。中兵參軍段宏單騎追尋，義真識其聲，曰：「君非段中兵邪？身在此。行矣，必不兩全，可刎身頭以南，使家公望絕。」宏泣曰：「死生共之，下官不忍。」乃束義真于背，單馬而歸。義真謂宏曰：「丈夫不經此，何以知艱難。」

After Shen Tianzi killed Wang Zhen'e, Wang Xiu killed Tianzi and also cut back the gifts to Yizhen's attendants. The attendants resented this, and reported to Yizhen, saying, "Zhen'e wished to rebel,,, and so Tianzi killed him; Xiu killed Tianzi; does he too wish to rebel? Yizhen had his attendant Liu Qi kill Xiu. Xiu, styled Shu, came from Baling in Jingzhao. When he first crossed south and met Huan Xuan, Xuan told him, "Sir, you have the talent of a Director of the Ministry of Personnel in peaceful times. After Xiu died. sentiment in the army turned alien. Emperor Wu sent Right General Zhu Lingshi to replace Yizhen in garrisoning Guanzhong and ordered Yizhen to return quickly because of illness. The generals competed to gather wealth and marched in close file at a slow pace. Fu Hongzhi, General Who Displays Might, asked, "If barbarian cavalry arrive, how shall we meet them? The pursuers caught up as Hong had feared. At Qingni they were routed; Yizhen alone fled into the grass. Middle Army Major Duan Hong pursued alone on horseback; Yizhen recognized his voice, and said, "Are you not Major Duan? I am here. Go; we cannot both survive; you may cut off my head, and carry it south so my house's hope is ended. Hong wept and said, "Life and death together — I cannot bear to leave you." He bound Yizhen on his back and returned alone on one horse. Yizhen told Hong, "A man who has not passed through this cannot know hardship."

初，武帝未得義真審問，怒甚，克日北伐。謝晦諫不從，及得宏啟，知義真免乃止。義真尋為司州刺史，加都督。以段宏為義真諮議參軍。宏鮮卑人，為慕容超尚書左僕射，武帝伐廣固歸降。

At first Emperor Wu had not received certain word about Yizhen and was very angry, fixing a day for a northern campaign. Xie Hui remonstrated in vain; when Hong's report arrived and he knew Yizhen was safe, he stopped. Yizhen soon became governor of Si, with overall command. Duan Hong was made Yizhen's counselor. Hong was a Xianbei; he had been Left Vice Director of the Masters of Writing to Murong Chao and surrendered when Emperor Wu attacked Guanggu.

義真改揚州刺史，鎮石頭。永初元年，封廬陵王。武帝始踐阼，義真色不悅，侍讀博士蔡茂之問其故。對曰：「安不忘危，何可恃也。」明年遷司徒。武帝不豫，以為車騎將軍、開府儀同三司、南豫州刺史，加都督，鎮曆陽。未之任而武帝崩。義真聰敏，愛文義，而輕動無德業，與陳郡謝靈運、琅邪顏延之、慧琳道人並周旋異常，云：「得志日，以靈運、延之為宰相，慧琳道人為西豫州刺史」。徐羨之等嫌義真與靈運、延之昵狎過甚，使故吏范晏戒之。義真曰：「靈運空疏，延之隘薄，魏文雲'鮮能以名節自立'者。但性情所得，未能忘言於悟賞，故與遊耳。」將之鎮，列部伍於東府前。既有國哀，義真與靈運、延之、慧琳等坐視部伍，因宴舫裏，使左右剔母舫函道施己船而取其勝者，及至曆陽，多所求索，羨之等每不盡與。深怨執政，表求還都。

Yizhen was changed to governor of Yangzhou and garrisoned Shitou. During the first year, of Yongchu he was enfeoffed Prince of Luling. When Emperor Wu first ascended the throne, Yizhen looked displeased; Attendant Reader Doctor Cai Maozhi asked the reason. He answered, "In security do not forget danger; how can one rely on it? The following year he became Grand Minister of Education. When Emperor Wu fell ill, he was made General of Chariots and Cavalry with an office equal to the Three Excellencies, governor of Southern Yu, and overall commander, garrisoning Liyang. Before he took up the post Emperor Wu died. Yizhen was clever and loved letters, but was impulsive and without virtue or achievement; with Xie Lingyun of Chen, Yan Yanzhi of Langye, and the monk Huilin he associated beyond the norm, saying, "On the day my ambition is fulfilled, I shall make Lingyun and Yanzhi chancellors and Monk Huilin governor of Western Yu." Xu Xianzhi and others disliked Yizhen's excessive intimacy with Lingyun and Yanzhi and sent former clerk Fan Yan to warn him. Yizhen said, "Lingyun is empty and loose, Yanzhi narrow and thin — as Cao Pi said, 'rarely able to establish themselves by name and integrity. But in temperament we find what we share, and cannot forget words in mutual appreciation;,, and so I associate with them. As he was about to go to his post. he arrayed his troops before the Eastern Headquarters. Though there was national mourning, Yizhen with Lingyun, Yanzhi, Huilin, and others sat watching the array; then in the banquet boat they had attendants strip the covering from the mother's boat, and apply it to their own to take the better parts; reaching Liyang, he made many demands,, and Xianzhi, and others each time did not fully grant them. He deeply resented those in power, and memorialized asking to return to the capital.

初，少帝之居東宮，多狎群小，謝晦嘗言于武帝曰：「陛下春秋既高，宜思存萬代。神器至重，不可使負荷非才。」帝曰：「廬陵何如？」晦曰：「臣請觀焉。」晦造義真，義真盛欲與談，晦不甚答，還曰：「德輕於才，非人主也。」由是出居於外。及羨之等專政，義真愈不悅。時少帝失德，羨之等謀廢立，次第應在義真。以義真輕訬，不任主社稷，因其與少帝不協，奏廢為庶人，徙新安郡。前吉陽令張約之上疏諫，徙為梁州府參軍，尋殺之。

At first, when the Deposed Emperor lived in the Eastern Palace, he often frolicked with lesser men; Xie Hui once spoke to Emperor Wu, saying, "Your Majesty's years are already high — you ought to think of preserving ten thousand generations. The sacred vessel is weightiest; it cannot be borne by one without talent. The emperor said, "How is Luling?" Hui replied, "Your subject asks to observe him." Hui visited Yizhen; Yizhen greatly wished to converse; Hui barely replied; returning he said, "Virtue lighter than talent — not a ruler of men." For that reason he was sent to live outside the capital. When Xianzhi, and others monopolized government, Yizhen grew still more displeased. Then the Deposed Emperor lost the Way; Xianzhi, and others plotted deposition, and establishment; in order Yizhen should come next. Because Yizhen was frivolous and scornful and could not bear the altars of soil and grain, and because he was at odds with the Deposed Emperor, they memorialized deposing him as a commoner and banishing him to Xin'an commandery. Former Jiyang magistrate Zhang Yuezhi memorialized remonstrance, and was banished as staff officer of Liang Province; soon he was killed.

景平二年，羨之等遣使殺義真於徙所，時年十八。元嘉元年八月，詔追復先封，迎靈柩，並孫修華、謝妃一時俱還。三年正月，誅徐羨之、傅亮等。是日，詔追崇侍中、大將軍，王如故。贈張約之以郡。

During the second year, of Jingping, Xianzhi, and others sent envoys to kill Yizhen at the place of banishment; he was then eighteen. In the eighth month of the first year of Yuanjia, an edict restored his former enfeoffment, welcomed the coffin,, and Sun Xiuhua, and Consort Xie all returned together. In the first month of the third year, Xu Xianzhi, Fu Liang, and others were executed. On that day, an edict posthumously honored him Attendant, and Grand General, prince as before. The court posthumously granted Zhang Yuezhi a commandery.

義真無子，文帝以第五子紹字休胤嗣，襲廬陵王。紹少寬雅，位揚州刺史。薨。無子，以南平王鑠子敬先嗣。

Yizhen had no son; Emperor Wen had his fifth son Shao, styled Xiuyin, succeed, and inherit the Prince of Luling. Shao in youth was broad and refined; he held the post of governor of Yangzhou. He died. Childless, Prince Shuo of Nanping's son Jingxian succeeded.

彭城王義康，永初元年，封彭城王。曆南豫、南徐二州刺史，並加都督。文帝即位，為驃騎將軍、開府儀同三司。元嘉三年，改授都督、荊州刺史，給班劍三十人。

Prince Yikang of Pengcheng. in the first year of Yongchu, was enfeoffed Prince of Pengcheng. He held Southern Yu and Southern Xu as governor, both with overall command. Once Emperor Wen ascended the throne, he became General of Agile Cavalry, with an office equal to the Three Excellencies. In the third year of Yuanjia he was transferred to overall commander and governor of Jingzhou, given thirty ceremonial swords.

義康少而聰察，及居方任，職事修理。六年，司徒王弘表義康宜還入輔。徵為侍中、司徒、錄尚書事、都督、南徐州刺史。二府置佐領兵，與王弘共輔朝政。弘既多疾，且每事推謙，自是內外眾務一斷之義康。太子詹事劉湛有經國才用，義康昔在豫州，湛為長史，既素情款，至是待遇特隆，動皆諮訪，故前後在藩多善政。九年，王弘薨，又領揚州刺史。十二年，又領太子太傅。

Yikang from youth was clever, and observant; when he held frontier posts, affairs were well ordered. During the sixth year, Grand Minister of Education Wang Hong memorialized that Yikang ought to return to assist at court. He was summoned as Attendant, Grand Minister of Education, Recorder of the Masters of Writing, overall commander, and governor of Southern Xu. Both headquarters set staff, and led troops; with Wang Hong he jointly assisted court governance. Hong had many illnesses, and in each affair yielded with humility; from this all internal, and external affairs were decided by Yikang alone. Crown Prince Tutor Liu Zhan had talent for governing the state; Yikang had once been in Yu Province and Zhan was chief administrator — their old affection was warm; now his treatment was especially lofty and every move was consulted — therefore in successive frontier posts there were many good policies. During the ninth year, Wang Hong died; he also headed Yangzhou. During the twelfth year, he also headed Tutor to the Crown Prince.

義康性好吏職，銳意文案，糾剔是非，莫不精盡。既專朝權，事決自己，生殺大事，皆以錄命斷之。凡所陳奏，入無不可，方伯以下，並委義康授用，由是朝野輻湊，權傾天下。義康亦自強不息，無有懈倦。府門每旦常有數百乘車，雖重定卑人微，皆被接引。又聰識過人，一聞必記，嘗所暫遇，終身不忘。稠人廣坐，每標題所憶，以示聰明，人物益以此推服之。愛惜官爵，未嘗以階級私人。凡朝士有才用者，皆引入己府，自下樂為竭力，不敢欺負。文帝有虛勞疾，每意有所想，便覺心中痛裂，屬纊者相系。義康入侍醫藥，盡心衛奉，湯藥飲食，非口所嘗不進。或連夕不寢，彌日不解衣。內外眾事，皆專決施行。十六年，進位大將軍，領司徒。義康素無術學，待文義者甚薄。袁淑嘗詣義康，義康問其年，答曰：「鄧仲華拜袞之歲。」義康曰：「身不識也。」淑又曰：「陸機入洛之年。」義康曰：「身不讀書，君無為作才語見向。」其淺陋若此。既闇大體，自謂兄弟至親，不復存君臣形跡。率心而行，曾無猜防。私置僮六千餘人，不以言台。時四方獻饋，皆以上品薦義康，而以次者供禦。上嘗冬月噉柑，歎其形味並劣，義康在坐，曰：「今年柑殊有佳者。」遣還東府取柑，大供禦者三寸。

Yikang by nature loved clerical duties; he applied himself to documents, examined right, and wrong; none were not refined to the utmost. Once he monopolized court power, affairs were decided by himself; great matters of life, and death all were decided by his recorded command. Whatever he memorialized, on entering none was not approved; regional governors, and below; all appointments were entrusted to Yikang;, since of this court, and countryside gathered like wheel spokes, and his power tilted the world. Yikang also strengthened himself without ceasing. there was no slackness or weariness. Every morning at the headquarters gate there were always several hundred carriages; though rank was heavy or light, and men humble, all were received, and led in. He was also clever, and knowing beyond others; one hearing, and he must remember; those he met briefly he never forgot all his life. In dense crowds, and broad seats he always marked what he recalled to display cleverness; men all the more for this submitted to him. He cherished official ranks, and never used grades as private gifts. Whatever court gentlemen had talent, and use, all were brought into his headquarters; those below gladly exerted themselves, and did not dare deceive him. Emperor Wen had chronic fatigue illness. whenever his mind had a thought, he felt pain splitting in his heart. those attending the sick followed one after another. Yikang entered to attend with medicine, exhaustively guarding, and serving; soups, medicines, food, and drink; what had not passed his mouth did not enter. Sometimes for successive nights he did not sleep. for whole days he did not remove his clothes. All internal, and external public affairs he decided, and executed alone. During the sixteenth year, he advanced to Grand General, and headed the Grand Minister of Education. Yikang by nature had no learning in the arts; he treated men of letters very thinly. When Yuan Shu called on Yikang and Yikang asked his age, Shu answered, "The year Deng Yu received the grand sash. Yikang replied, "I do not know the man." Shu added, "The year Lu Ji entered Luoyang." Yikang said, "I do not read books; sir, do not use talent-talk to face me." He was shallow, and crude like this. Once he was dark to the great pattern, he considered that as brothers of utmost closeness he need no longer preserve the forms of ruler, and subject. He followed his heart in acting and never kept suspicion or guard. He privately kept more than six thousand retainers, and did not report them to the throne. Then tributes from the four quarters all offered the top grade to Yikang, and the next grade to the imperial table. The emperor once in winter ate oranges and sighed that their form and taste were both inferior; Yikang, seated beside him, said, "This year's oranges are especially fine. He sent back to the Eastern Headquarters to fetch oranges; those supplied to the imperial table were three inches across.

僕射殷景仁為帝所寵，與劉湛素善，而意好晚乖，湛常欲因宰輔之權傾之。景仁為帝所保持，義康屢言不見用，湛愈憤。南陽劉斌，湛之宗也，有涉俗才用，為義康所知，自司徒右長史擢為左長史。從事中郎琅邪王履、主簿沛郡劉敬文、祭酒魯郡孔胤秀並以傾側自入，見帝疾篤，皆謂宜立長君。上嘗危殆，使義康具顧命詔。義康還省，流涕以告湛及景仁。湛曰：「天下艱難，詎是幼主所禦。」義康、景仁並不答；而胤秀等輒就尚書儀曹索晉咸康立康帝舊事，義康不知也。及帝疾瘳，微聞之；而斌等既為義康所寵，遂結朋黨，若有盡忠奉國不同己者，必構以罪黜。每采景仁短長，或虛造同異以告湛，自是主相之勢分矣。

Left Vice Director Yin Jingren was favored by the emperor and was old friends with Liu Zhan, but their affections later diverged; Zhan always wished to use the chancellor's power to overturn him. Jingren was protected by the emperor; Yikang repeatedly spoke and was not heeded; Zhan grew still more angry. Liu Bin of Nanyang, of Zhan's clan, had worldly talent; Yikang knew him and promoted him from right chief administrator of the Grand Minister of Education to left chief administrator. Attendant Officer Wang Lu of Langye, Chief Clerk Liu Jingwen of Pei, and Libationer Kong Yinxiu of Lu all entered by leaning to one side; seeing the emperor gravely ill, all said a grown heir ought to be established. The emperor was once in peril; he had Yikang draft the testamentary edict. Yikang returned to his office, weeping as he told Zhan, and Jingren. Zhan said, "The realm's hardship; how can a young lord withstand it? Yikang, and Jingren both did not answer; but Yinxiu, and others at once went to the Masters of Writing Ceremonial Section to ask for the old affair of Emperor Kang's establishment in the Xianhe, and Xiankang eras; Yikang did not know. When the emperor's illness recovered, he faintly heard of it; Bin, and the others, already favored by Yikang, then formed factions; if there were those who loyally served the state but differed from them, they must be framed with crimes, and dismissed. They always gathered Jingren's faults, and strengths, or falsely made differences, and reported to Zhan; from this the power of ruler, and chancellor divided.

義康欲以斌為丹陽尹，言其家貧。上覺之，曰：「以為吳郡。」後會稽太守羊玄保求還，義康又欲以斌代之。上時未有所擬，倉卒曰：「我已用王鴻。」上以嫌隙既成，將致大禍，十七年，乃收劉湛；又誅斌及大將軍錄事參軍劉敬文並賊曹孔劭秀、中兵邢懷明、主簿孔胤秀、丹陽丞孔文秀、司空從事中郎司馬亮、烏程令盛曇泰；徙尚書庫部郎何默子、余姚令韓景之、永興令顏遙之、湛弟黃門郎素、斌弟給事中溫于廣州；王履廢於家。青州刺史杜驥勒兵殿內，以備非常。義康時入宿，留止中書省，遣人宣旨告以湛等罪。義康上表遜位，改授江州刺史，出鎮豫章，實幽之也。停省十餘日，桂陽侯義融、新渝侯義宗、秘書監徐湛之往來慰視。於省奉辭，便下渚，上唯對之慟哭，遣沙門慧琳視之。義康曰：「弟子有還理不？」琳公曰：「恨公不讀數百卷書。」征虜司馬蕭斌為義康所昵，劉斌等讒之被斥，乃以斌為諮議，領豫章太守，事無大小皆委之。司徒主簿謝綜素為義康所狎，以為記室。左右愛念者並聽隨從至豫章。辭州見許，資奉優厚，朝廷大事，皆報示之。

Yikang wished to make Bin governor of Danyang and said his family was poor. The emperor perceived it and said, "Make him Wu commandery. Afterward, Governor of Kuaiji Yang Xuanbao asked to return; Yikang again wished to replace him with Bin. The emperor at the time had not yet decided; hastily he said, "I have already used Wang Hong. The emperor, since rift and breach had formed and he would bring great calamity, in the seventeenth year then seized Liu Zhan; he also executed Bin, and Grand General's Recorder Liu Jingwen, and Criminal Section Kong Shaoxiu, Middle Army Xing Huaiming, Chief Clerk Kong Yinxiu, Danyang Assistant Kong Wenxiu, Attendant Officer of the Minister of Works Sima Liang,, and Wucheng magistrate Sheng Tantai; he banished Masters of Writing Storehouse Section He Mozi, Yuyao magistrate Han Jingzhi, Yongxing magistrate Yan Yaozhi, Zhan's younger brother Gentleman at the Yellow Gate Su,, and Bin's younger brother Chief of Attendants Wen to Guangzhou; Wang Lu was stripped of office and confined at home. Du Ji, governor of Qingzhou, led troops into the palace hall against any surprise. Yikang was then lodging inside; he was detained at the Secretariat, and men were sent to announce the crimes of Zhan, and the others. Yikang memorialized yielding his post; he was transferred to governor of Jiangzhou and sent out to garrison Yuzhang — in fact he was confined. He stopped at the Secretariat more than ten days; Marquis of Guiyang Yi Rong, Marquis of Xinyu Yi Zong,, and Director of the Secretariat Xu Zhanzhi came, and went to comfort him. At the Secretariat he took leave and went down to the ford; the emperor only faced him and wept bitterly and sent Monk Huilin to visit him. Yikang asked, "Does your disciple still have grounds to return? Huilin answered, "I regret that you did not read several hundred fascicles of books." General Who Pacifies the Barbarians' Major Xiao Bin was intimate with Yikang; Liu Bin and others slandered him and he was dismissed; then Bin was made counselor and governor of Yuzhang — great and small affairs all were entrusted to him. Grand Minister of Education Chief Clerk Xie Zong had always been familiar with Yikang and was made recorder. Attendants he loved, and cherished were all allowed to follow to Yuzhang. Leave from the province was granted; supplies, and support were generous; great affairs of court were all reported to him.

義康未敗時，東府聽事前井水忽湧，野雉江鷗併入所住齋前。龍驤參軍巴東扶令育上表申明義康，奏，即收付建康獄賜死。

Before Yikang's fall, the well water before the Eastern Headquarters reception hall suddenly gushed; wild pheasants, and river gulls together entered the residence before his study. Dragon-Flying Major Fu Lingyu of Badong memorialized clarifying Yikang; when the memorial arrived he was seized, and sent to Jiankang prison, and granted death.

會稽長公主于兄弟為長，帝所親敬。上嘗就主宴集甚歡，主起再拜頓首，悲不自勝。上不曉其意，起自扶之，主曰：「車子歲暮，必不見容，特乞其命。」因慟哭。上亦流涕，指蔣山曰：「必無此慮，若違今誓，便是負初寧陵。」即封所飲酒賜義康曰：「會稽姊飲憶弟，所飲余，今封送。」車子，義康小字也。

The Princess of Kuaiji was eldest among the brothers; the emperor personally honored her. The emperor once went to the princess's feast and was very merry; the princess rose, bowed again and knocked her head, grief beyond control. The emperor did not understand her intent; he rose and himself supported her; the princess said, "Chezi at year's end will surely not be spared — I specially beg his life. She then wept bitterly. The emperor also shed tears, pointed at Mount Jiang and said, "Surely there is no such worry; if I violate today's oath, I shall have betrayed Chuning Tomb. He then sealed the remaining wine he had drunk, and sent it to Yikang, saying, "The Princess of Kuaiji drank remembering her younger brother; the remainder of what she drank, now sealed, and sent." Chezi was the childhood name of Yikang.

二十二年，太子詹事范曄等謀反，事連義康，詔特宥大辟，並子女並免為庶人，絕屬籍，徙安成郡。義康在安成讀漢書見淮南厲王長事，廢書歎曰：「前代乃有此，我得罪為宜也。」

In the twenty-second year, Crown Prince Tutor Fan Ye, and others plotted rebellion; the affair connected Yikang; an edict specially spared death by dismemberment; he, and his sons, and daughters were all reduced to commoners, cut from the register,, and banished to Ancheng commandery. Yikang at Ancheng read the Book of Han, and saw the affair of Prince Li of Huainan; he put down the book, and sighed, "Former ages had this too; my guilt is fitting."

二十四年，豫章胡誕世、前吳平令袁惲等謀奉戴義康，太尉江夏王義恭奏徙義康廣州，奏可，未行，會魏軍至瓜步，天下擾動，上慮有異志者奉義康為亂，孝武時鎮彭城及尚書左僕射何尚之並言宜早為之所。二十八年正月，遣中書舍人嚴麝持藥賜死。義康不肯服藥，曰：「佛教自殺不復人身。」乃以被掩殺之，以侯禮葬安成郡。子允，元凶殺之。孝武大明四年，義康女玉秀等乞反葬舊塋，詔聽之。

In the twenty-fourth year, Hu Danshi of Yuzhang and former Wu magistrate Yuan Yun and others plotted to install Yikang; Grand Marshal Prince Yigong of Jiangxia memorialized banishing Yikang to Guangzhou; the memorial was approved; before it was carried out, Wei troops reached Guabu and the realm was disturbed; the emperor feared men of different intent would install Yikang to make trouble — Emperor Xiaowu at Pengcheng and Left Vice Director He Shangzhi both said he ought early to be dealt with. In the first month of the twenty-eighth year, Yan She, Attendant of the Secretariat, was sent with poison to grant death. Yikang refused to take the medicine, and said, "In Buddhism, suicide means no rebirth as a human body. He was then smothered with a quilt, and buried in Ancheng commandery with marquis rites. The Crown Prince the villain killed his son Yun. During the fourth year, of Daming under Emperor Xiaowu, Yikang's daughters Yuxiu, and others begged reburial in the old mound; an edict granted it.

江夏文獻王義恭，幼而明嶷，姿顏端麗，武帝特所鍾愛。帝性儉，諸子飲食不過五醆盤。義恭求須果食，日中無算，得未嘗噉，悉以與傍人。諸王未嘗敢求，求亦不得。

Prince Yigong of Jiangxia, from youth bright and sharp, with dignified and beautiful appearance, was especially beloved by Emperor Wu. The emperor by nature was frugal; the princes' food and drink did not exceed five platters. Yigong asked for fruit, and food; at midday there was no counting; what he got he never tasted, and gave all to those beside him. The princes never dared ask. if they asked they did not obtain.

元嘉六年，為都督、荊州刺史。義恭涉獵文義，而驕奢不節。及出藩，文帝與書誡之曰：

In the sixth year of Yuanjia he became overall commander and governor of Jingzhou. Yigong ranged through letters, but was proud and extravagant without restraint. As Yigong prepared to leave for his frontier post, Emperor Wen wrote to admonish him, saying:

禮賢下士，聖人垂訓，驕侈矜尚，先哲所去。豁達大度，漢祖之德，猜忌褊急，魏武之累。漢書稱衛青云：「大將軍遇士大夫以禮，與小人有恩。」西門、安於，矯性齊美，關羽、張飛，任偏同弊。行己舉事，深宜鑒此。汝一月日自用不可過三十萬，若能省此益美。

Honoring the worthy, and lowering oneself to scholars; the sages left this instruction; pride, extravagance,, and vainglory; the former wise removed these. Open-mindedness and magnanimity — the virtue of Han's Founding Emperor; suspicion, narrowness, and haste — the burden of Cao Cao. The Book of Han praises Wei Qing: "The Grand General treated scholar-officials with rites, and had kindness for lesser men. Ximen, and An Yu corrected their natures to equal beauty; Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei shared partiality, and equal harm. In conduct, and action you should deeply take this as mirror. Your monthly personal expense must not exceed three hundred thousand; if you can reduce this, so much the better.

西楚殷曠，常宜早起，接對賓侶。園池堂觀，計無須改作。凡訊獄前一二日，可取訊簿密與劉湛輩粗共詳論，慎無以喜怒加人。能擇善者從之，美自歸己。不可專意自決，以矜獨斷之明也。刑獄不可壅滯，一月可再訊。

Western Chu is vast; you should often rise early, and receive, and answer guests. Gardens, ponds, halls,, and towers; reckon that none need rebuilding. For all trials, one or two days before you may take the trial register in secret, and with Liu Zhan, and the rest roughly discuss in detail; carefully do not add your joy or anger to men. If you can follow the good, the credit returns to yourself. He warned against deciding alone from partial intent merely to display the brilliance of sole judgment. Penal cases must not be blocked, and delayed; once a month you may try again.

凡事皆應慎密。名器深宜慎惜，不可妄以假人。聲樂嬉遊，不宜令過。宜數引見佐吏，非惟臣主自應相見。不數則彼我不親，不親無因得盡人情，人情不盡，何由具知眾事。

All affairs should be careful, and secret. Names, and offices you should deeply cherish, and not lightly lend to others. Music, pleasure,, and roaming; you should not let them exceed. You should often summon, and meet staff officers; not only ruler, and minister ought to meet each other. If not frequent, then he, and I are not close; if not close, there is no cause to exhaust human feeling; if human feeling is not exhausted, how can one fully know the multitude of affairs?

九年，為南兗州刺史，加都督，鎮廣陵。十六年，進位司空。明年，彭城王義康有罪出藩，征義恭為侍中、都督揚南徐兗三州、司徒、錄尚書事，領太子太傅。給班劍二十人，置佐領兵。二十一年，進太尉，領司徒。義恭小心，且戒義康之失，雖為總錄，奉行文書而已。文帝安之。年給相府錢二千萬，他物稱此。而義恭性奢，用常不足，文帝又別給錢年至千萬。時有獻五百里馬者，以賜義恭。

In the ninth year he became governor of Southern Yanzhou, with overall command, garrisoning Guangling. During the sixteenth year, he advanced to Grand Minister of Works. The next year Prince Yikang of Pengcheng had guilt and went out to the frontier; Yigong was summoned as Attendant, overall commander of Yang, Southern Xu, and Yan, Grand Minister of Education, Recorder of the Masters of Writing, and Tutor to the Crown Prince. He was given twenty ceremonial swords; staff, and troops were set. In the twenty-first year he advanced to Grand Marshal, and headed the Grand Minister of Education. Yigong was cautious and. warning himself against Yikang's failure, though he held overall record, he only carried out documents. This reassured Emperor Wen. Each year the chancellor's office was given twenty million cash. other goods matched this. But Yigong by nature was extravagant; his use was always insufficient; the emperor also separately gave cash up to ten million per year. Then someone presented a horse of five hundred li; it was granted to Yigong.

二十七年，文帝欲有事河、洛，義恭總統群帥，出鎮彭城。及魏軍至瓜步，義恭與孝武閉城自守。初，魏軍深入，上慮義恭不能固彭城，備加誡勒。義恭答曰：「臣雖未能臨瀚海，濟居延，庶免劉仲奔逃之恥。」及魏軍至，義恭果欲走，賴眾議得停。降號驃騎將軍、開府儀同三司。魯郡孔子舊廟有柏樹二十四株，曆漢、晉，其大連抱。有二株先倒折，土人崇敬，莫之敢犯。義恭悉遣伐取，父老莫不歎息。又以本官領南兗州刺史，加都督，移鎮盱眙，修館宇擬東城。

In the twenty-seventh year the emperor wished to act on the Yellow and Luo rivers; Yigong commanded all the commanders and went out to garrison Pengcheng. When Wei troops reached Guabu, Yigong with Emperor Xiaowu closed the city, and defended themselves. At first, when Wei troops penetrated deeply, the emperor feared Yigong could not hold Pengcheng firm and added stern admonitions. Yigong answered, "Your subject though unable to reach the Han sea, and cross Juyan, hopes at least to avoid the shame of Liu Zhong's flight. Once Wei troops arrived, Yigong indeed wished to flee. only by the assembly's counsel was he stopped. His title was reduced to General of Agile Cavalry, with an office equal to the Three Excellencies. Confucius's old temple in Lu had twenty-four cypress trees; through Han and Jin their trunks were several arm-spans around. Two trees first fell, and broke; the local people revered them, and none dared violate them. Yigong sent men to cut, and take them all; elders sighed without end. He also with his original office headed Southern Yanzhou, with overall command, moved to garrison Xuyu, and built halls modeled on the Eastern Capital.

二十九年冬，還朝，上以禦所乘蒼鷹船上迎之。遭太妃憂，改授大將軍、南徐州刺史。還鎮東府。元凶肆逆，其日劭急召義恭。先是，詔召太子及諸王，慮有詐妄致害者，召皆有人；至是，義恭求常所遣傳詔，劭遣之而後入。義恭凡府內兵仗，並送還台。進位太保。

In the winter of the twenty-ninth year he returned to court; the emperor with the imperial dark hawk boat went to meet him. He met the Grand Consort's mourning and was transferred to Grand General and governor of Southern Xu. He went back to garrison the Eastern Headquarters. Once the Crown Prince the villain committed outrage, that day Shao urgently summoned Yigong. At first, edicts summoning the crown prince and the princes, fearing fraud that would bring harm, all had summoners accompany them; at this time Yigong asked for the usual edict-bearer; Shao sent him, and only then entered. Yigong sent every weapon in the headquarters back to the capital. He rose to Grand Mentor.

孝武入討，劭疑義恭有異志，使入住尚書下省，分諸子並住神獸門外侍中下省。孝武前鋒至新亭，劭挾義恭出戰，故不得自拔。戰敗，義恭單馬南奔。劭大怒，遣始興王浚殺義恭十二子。

When Emperor Xiaowu entered to suppress him, Shao suspected Yigong of a different intent, and had him stay in the Lower Section of the Masters of Writing; his sons were separated to stay outside the Divine Beast Gate at the Attendants' Lower Section. Once Emperor Xiaowu's vanguard reached Xinting, Shao forced Yigong out to fight, so he could not extricate himself. Once defeated, Yigong fled south alone on horseback. Shao was greatly angry, and sent Prince Jun of Shixing to kill Yigong's twelve sons.

義恭既至，勸孝武即位。授太尉、錄尚書六條事、假黃鉞。事甯，進位太傅，領大司馬，增班劍為三十人，以在藩所服玉環大綬賜之。上不欲致禮太傅，諷有司奏「天子不應加拜」，從之。及立太子，東宮文案，使先經義恭。

Once Yigong arrived, he urged Emperor Xiaowu to ascend the throne. They appointed him Grand Marshal, Recorder of the Six Articles of the Masters of Writing,, and given the yellow battle-axe. When affairs were settled, he advanced to Grand Tutor, headed Grand Marshal,, and his ceremonial swords were increased to thirty; the jade ring, and grand sash he had worn in the frontier were granted to him. The emperor did not wish to perform rites to the Grand Tutor and hinted that the authorities memorialize "the Son of Heaven ought not add bowing"; they followed this. When the crown prince was established, Eastern Palace documents had first to pass through Yigong.

及南郡王義宣等反，又加黃鉞，白直百人入六門。事平，以臧質七百里馬賜義恭。孝武以義宣亂逆，由於強盛，欲削王侯。義恭希旨，請省錄尚書，上從之。又與驃騎大將軍竟陵王誕奏陳貶損之格九條，詔外詳議。於是有司奏九條之格猶有未盡，更加附益，凡二十四條。大抵「聽事不得南面坐施帳；國官正冬不得跣登國殿；公主妃傳令，不得朱服；輿不得重扛；鄣扇不得雉尾；劍不得鹿盧形；槊毦不得孔雀白氅；夾轂隊不得絳襖；平乘但馬不得過二匹；胡伎不得彩衣；舞伎正冬著褂衣，不得莊面；諸妃主不得著緄帶；信幡非台省官悉用絳；郡縣內史相及封內長官于其封君，罷官則不復追敬，不稱臣；諸鎮常行，車前不得過六隊；刀不得過銀銅飾；諸王女封縣主，諸王子孫襲封王之妃及封侯者夫人行，並不得鹵簿；諸王子繼體為王者，婚葬吉凶，悉依諸國公侯之禮，不得同皇弟皇子；車輿非軺車不得油幢；平乘船皆下兩頭作露平形，不得擬象龍舟」。詔可。

When Prince Yixuan of Nan commandery, and others rebelled, the yellow battle-axe was again added, and a hundred white guards entered the Six Gates. Once affairs were settled, Zang Zhi's seven-hundred-li horse was granted to Yigong. Emperor Xiaowu,, since Yixuan's rebellion, and treason arose from excessive strength, wished to cut back princes, and marquises. Yigong caught the intent and asked to reduce the Recorder of the Masters of Writing; the emperor followed this. He also with General of Agile Cavalry Prince Dan of Jingling memorialized nine articles of demotion, and reduction; an edict ordered detailed discussion outside court. Accordingly, the authorities memorialized that the nine articles still had what was not exhausted, and added further benefits; altogether twenty-four articles. In summary: "In the reception hall one may not sit facing south with curtains spread; Midwinter rule: principality officials may not ascend the principality hall barefoot; princesses, and consorts transmitting orders may not wear vermilion dress; Carriages may not use double poles; Screen-fans may not bear pheasant tails; Swords may not take deer-rut shapes; Spear pennants may not use peacock-white banners; Flanking escort teams may not wear crimson jackets; Plain horse-drawn carriages may not exceed two horses; Barbarian performers may not wear colored clothes; dancing girls in midwinter wear jacket robes, and may not paint the face; all consorts, and princesses may not wear cord belts; Signal banners for all officials outside the Secretariat and Masters of Writing were to be crimson; commandery, and district internal administrators, and chancellors, and frontier officials toward their enfeoffed lord; when office ends they no longer pursue reverence, and do not style themselves ministers; all garrisons on regular march; before the carriage may not exceed six teams; knives may not exceed silver, and copper ornament; princes' daughters enfeoffed county ladies, princes' grandsons inheriting enfeoffed princes' consorts, and those enfeoffed marquises' ladies on travel; all may not have halberd escort; princes' sons who succeed as kings; weddings, funerals, fortune, and misfortune all follow the rites of various states' dukes, and marquises, and may not match imperial younger brothers, and sons; Any carriage other than a light cart may not carry oil banners; plain riding boats all lower both ends into exposed flat shape, and may not imitate dragon boats." The edict approved.

孝建二年，為揚州刺史，加入朝不趨，贊拜不名，劍履上殿。固辭殊禮。義恭撰要記五卷，起前漢訖晉太元，表上之。詔付秘閣。時西陽王子尚有盛寵，義恭解揚州以避之。乃進位太宰，領司徒。

In the second year of Xiaojian he became governor of Yangzhou, given exemption from hurrying at court audience, exemption from having his name spoken at bowing, and sword and shoes in the hall. He repeatedly declined the special honors. Yigong compiled Essential Records in five fascicles, from Former Han through Jin Taixuan,, and submitted it. An edict ordered the work deposited in the Secret Archive. Then Prince Zishang of Xiyang had flourishing favor; Yigong resigned Yangzhou to avoid him. He then advanced to Grand Preceptor, and headed the Grand Minister of Education.

義恭常慮為孝武所疑，及海陵王休茂於襄陽為亂，乃上表稱「諸王貴重，不應居邊。有州不須置府」。其餘制度又多所減省。時孝武嚴暴，義恭慮不見容，乃卑辭曲意附會，皆有容儀，每有祥瑞輒上賦頌。大明元年，有三脊茅生石頭西岸，又勸封禪，上甚悅。及孝武崩，遺詔：「義恭解尚書令，加中書監。柳元景領尚書令，入住城內。事無巨細，悉關二公，大事與沈慶之參決，若有軍旅，可為總統。尚書中事委顏師伯，外監所統委王玄謨。」

Yigong always feared Emperor Xiaowu's suspicion; when Prince Xiumao of Hailing rebelled at Xiangyang, he memorialized, saying, "The princes are weighty, and ought not dwell on the frontier. Where a prince held a province, he need not also maintain a full headquarters staff." The rest of the institutions also had many reductions, and economizations. Then Emperor Xiaowu was stern, and violent; Yigong feared he would not be tolerated and,, and so used humble words, and bent intent to attach himself; all had proper bearing; whenever there were auspicious omens he submitted odes of praise. In the first year of Daming, three-ridge thatch grew on the west bank of Shitou; he also urged enfeoffment and feng and shan sacrifices; the emperor was very pleased. When Emperor Xiaowu died, the testamentary edict: "Yigong is relieved of Director of the Masters of Writing, and given added Director of the Secretariat. Liu Yuanjing heads the Masters of Writing, and enters to dwell within the city. Affairs great, and small all pass to the two lords; great affairs are jointly decided with Shen Qingzhi; if there are military affairs, he may be overall commander. Internal affairs of the Masters of Writing were entrusted to Yan Shibo; commanded affairs of outer supervision went to Wang Xuanmo."

前廢帝即位，復錄尚書，本官如故。尚書令柳元景即本號開府儀同三司，領兵置佐，一依舊准。又增義恭班劍為四十人，更申殊禮之命。固辭殊禮。

Once the Former Deposed Emperor ascended the throne, he again recorded the Masters of Writing. his original offices were as before. Director of the Masters of Writing Liu Yuanjing with his original title opened an office equal to the Three Excellencies, led troops, and set staff; all followed the old standard. Yigong's ceremonial swords were again increased to forty. special rites were again declared. Again he firmly declined the special honors.

義恭性嗜不恒，與時移變，自始至終，屢遷第宅。與人遊款，意好亦多不終。奢侈無度，不愛財寶，左右親幸，一日乞與，或至一二百萬；小有忤意，輒追奪之。大明時，資供豐厚，而用常不足。賒市百姓物，無錢可還，民有通辭求錢者，輒題後作「原」字。善騎馬，解音律，遊行或二三百里，孝武恣其所之。東至吳郡，登虎丘山，又登無錫縣烏山以望太湖。大明中撰國史，孝武自為義恭作傳。

Yigong's tastes by nature were not constant, and shifted with the times; from beginning to end he repeatedly moved residences. With men he was intimate; affections also often did not last to the end. Extravagant without measure, he did not love treasure; attendants close, and favored; in one day of begging, and granting, sometimes one or two million; with slight offense of intent he at once pursued, and seized back. In the Daming era supplies were rich, and thick, yet his use was always insufficient. He bought on credit from common people; with no money to repay, when people pressed with excuses to ask for money he wrote "forgiven" on the back. Skilled at riding horses, and understanding music, and pitch, in roaming he sometimes went two or three hundred li; Emperor Xiaowu indulged wherever he wished to go. East to Wu commandery he ascended Tiger Hill Mountain,, and again ascended Wuxian's Black Mountain to view Lake Tai. In the Daming era he compiled the dynastic history. Emperor Xiaowu himself wrote Yigong's biography.

及永光中，雖任宰輔，而承事近臣戴法興等常若不及。前廢帝狂悖無道，義恭、元景謀欲廢立，廢帝率羽林兵於第害之，並其四子。斷析義恭支體，分裂腹胃，挑取眼睛以蜜漬之，以為鬼目粽。明帝定亂，令書「追崇侍中、都督中外諸軍、丞相，領太尉、中書監、錄尚書事、王如故。給九旒鸞輅，虎賁班劍百人，前後部羽葆、鼓吹，轀輬車」。泰始三年，又詔陪祭廟庭。

In the Yongguang era, though he held the chancellorship, in serving close ministers Dai Faxing, and others he was always as if not reaching them. The Former Deposed Emperor was mad, and without the Way; Yigong, and Yuanjing plotted to depose, and establish; the Deposed Emperor led armored guards to his residence, and killed him, together with his four sons. They cut apart Yigong's limbs, split belly, and stomach, picked out the eyeballs, and pickled them in honey; calling them ghost-eye zongzi. When Emperor Ming settled the disorder, an edict said, "Posthumously honor Attendant, overall commander of internal, and external armies, Chancellor, heading Grand Marshal, Director of the Secretariat, Recorder of the Masters of Writing, prince as before. Grant nine tassels, and the imperial carriage, tiger guards, and ceremonial swords one hundred men, front, and rear feathered banners, and drum-and-pipe,, and the wheeled carriage." During the third year, of Taishi he was again ordered to accompany sacrifice at the temple court.

南郡王義宣，生而舌短，澀於言論。元嘉元年，封竟陵王，都督、南兗州刺史，遷中書監，中軍將軍，給鼓吹。時竟陵群蠻充斥，役刻民散，改封南譙王。十三年，出為江州刺史，加都督。

Prince Yixuan of Nan commandery from birth had a short tongue, and was halting in speech. In the first year of Yuanjia he was enfeoffed Prince of Jingling, overall commander and governor of Southern Yanzhou; he was transferred to Director of the Secretariat and General of the Central Army, given drum-and-pipe. Then Jingling was full of barbarian bands; corvée cut the people, and scattered them; he was changed to Prince of Nanqiao. In the thirteenth year he went out as governor of Jiangzhou, with overall command.

初，武帝以荊州上流形勝，地廣兵強，遺詔諸子次第居之。謝晦平後，以授彭城王義康，義康入相，次江夏王義恭，又以臨川王義慶宗室令望，且臨川烈武王有大功於社稷，義慶又居之。其後應在義宣，上以義宣人才素短，不堪居上流。十六年，以衡陽王義季代義慶，而以義宣為南徐州刺史。而會稽公主每以為言，上遲回久之。二十一年，乃以義宣都督七州諸軍事、車騎將軍、荊州刺史。先賜中詔曰：「師護以在西久，比表求還，出內左右，自是經國常理，亦何必其應於一往。今欲聽許，以汝代之。師護雖無殊績，潔己節用，通懷期物，不恣群下。此信未易，在彼已有次第，為士庶所安，論者乃謂未議遷之。今之回換，更在欲為汝耳。汝與師護年時一輩，各有其美，方物之義，亦互有少劣，若今向事脫一減之者，既於西夏交有巨礙，遷代之譏，必歸責於吾矣。」師護，義季小字也。義宣至鎮，勤自課厲，政事修理。白皙，美鬚眉，長七尺五寸，腰帶十圍。多畜嬪媵，後房千餘，尼媼數百，男女三十人。崇飾綺麗，費用殷廣。進位司空，改侍中。

At first Emperor Wu, because Jingzhou in the upper stream was strategically strong, with broad territory and powerful troops, in his testamentary edict ordered the sons to hold it in succession. After Xie Hui was pacified it was granted to Prince Yikang of Pengcheng; Yikang entered as chancellor; next Prince Yigong of Jiangxia; again, since Prince Yiqing of Linchuan had fine reputation in the imperial clan, and Prince Lie Wu of Linchuan had great merit for the altars, Yiqing also held it. Afterward Yixuan should have been next; the emperor because Yixuan's talent was by nature limited and could not bear the upper stream. In the sixteenth year Prince Yiji of Hengyang replaced Yiqing, and Yixuan became governor of Southern Xu. But the Princess of Kuaiji always spoke on this; the emperor hesitated for a long time. In the twenty-first year he then made Yixuan overall commander of seven provinces, General of Chariots and Cavalry, and governor of Jingzhou. First he granted a secret edict, saying, "Shihu has been in the west long; recently he memorialized asking to return; going out, and in, left, and right, this is always the constant principle of governing the state; why must it answer to one going, and one coming? Now I wish to grant permission, and have you replace him. Shihu though without special achievement, cleanses himself, and economizes use, broadly embraces, and meets things,, and does not indulge the crowd below. This trust is not easy; there he already has order; gentry, and commoners are settled; discussants yet say relocation is not yet debated. Today's rotation, and exchange; more in the wish to act for you. You, and Shihu are of one generation in years; each has his beauty; in comparing things, each also has slight inferiority; if in today's affair one is reduced, then toward western Xia there is already a great barrier; the blame for rotation will surely fall on me. Shihu was the childhood name of Yiji. Yixuan reaching his post diligently examined, and strengthened himself; government affairs were well ordered. Fair-skinned, with beautiful beard and brows, seven chi five cun tall, waist belt ten arm-spans around. He kept many concubines; in the rear apartments more than a thousand; Buddhist nuns several hundred; sons, and daughters thirty persons. He adorned himself, with splendor. expense was abundant. He advanced to Grand Minister of Works, and was changed to Attendant.

二十七年，魏軍南侵，義宣慮寇至，欲奔上明。及魏軍退，文帝詔之曰：「善修民務，不須營潛逃計也。」遷司徒、揚州刺史，侍中如故。

In the twenty-seventh year Wei troops invaded south; Yixuan feared the bandits would arrive, and wished to flee to Shangming. When Wei troops withdrew, Emperor Wen issued an edict to him, saying, "Well cultivate the people's affairs; you need not plan secret flight. He was transferred to Grand Minister of Education and governor of Yangzhou; Attendant as before.

元凶弑立，以義宣為中書監、太尉，領司徒。義宣聞之，即時起兵，征聚甲卒，傳檄近遠。會孝武入討，義宣遣參軍徐遺寶率眾三千，助為先鋒。孝武即位，以義宣為中書監、都督揚豫二州、丞相、錄尚書六條事、揚州刺史，加羽葆、鼓吹，給班劍四十人，改封南郡王。追諡義宣所生為獻太妃，封次子宜陽侯愷為南譙王。義宣固辭內任及愷王爵。於是改授都督八州諸軍事、荊湘二州刺史，持節、侍中、丞相如故。降愷為宜陽縣王，將佐以下，並加賞秩。

When the Crown Prince the villain murdered, and established himself, he made Yixuan Director of the Secretariat, Grand Marshal,, and head the Grand Minister of Education. When Yixuan heard of it, he at once raised troops, gathered armor, and soldiers,, and issued proclamations near, and far. Once Emperor Xiaowu entered to suppress him, Yixuan sent Staff Officer Xu Yibao to lead three thousand men to aid as vanguard. When Emperor Xiaowu ascended the throne, he made Yixuan Director of the Secretariat, overall commander of Yang and Yu, Chancellor, Recorder of the Six Articles of the Masters of Writing, and governor of Yangzhou, given feathered banners and drum-and-pipe, forty ceremonial swords, and changed to Prince of Nan commandery. He posthumously titled Yixuan's biological mother Consort Xian, and enfeoffed second son Marquis Kai of Yiyang as Prince of Nanqiao. Yixuan firmly declined internal appointment, and Kai's princely rank. Thereupon he was changed to overall commander of eight provinces, governor of Jing and Xiang; holding the staff, Attendant and Chancellor as before. Kai was reduced to Prince of Yiyang county; staff, and subordinates below were all given increased ranks.

義宣在鎮十年，兵強財富。既首創大義，威名著天下，凡所求欲，無不必從。朝廷所下制度，意不同者，一不遵承。嘗獻孝武酒，先自酌飲，封送所餘，其不識大體如此。

Yixuan at his post ten years; troops strong, wealth abundant. Having first raised the great righteousness, his prestige, and name filled the realm; whatever he sought, and wished, none failed to follow. Institutions sent down by court; where his intent differed, he did not follow a single one. He once presented wine to Emperor Xiaowu; he first poured, and drank himself, sealed, and sent the remainder; his failure to grasp the great pattern was like this.

義宣移檄諸州郡，遣參軍劉諶之、尹周之等率軍下就臧質。雍州刺史朱修之起兵奉順。義宣率眾十萬，發自江津，舳艫數百里。是日大風，船垂覆沒，僅得入中夏口。以第八子慆為輔國將軍，留鎮江陵。遣魯秀、朱曇韶萬餘人北討朱修之。秀初至江陵見義宣，既出，拊膺曰：「阿兄誤人事，乃與癡人共作賊，今年敗矣。」義宣至尋陽，與質俱下。質為前鋒至鵲頭，聞徐遺寶敗，魯爽於小峴授首，相視失色。孝武使鎮北大將軍沈慶之送爽首于義宣並與書，義宣、質並駭懼。

Yixuan issued proclamations to the provinces, and commanderies, and sent Staff Officers Liu Chenzhi, Yin Zhouzhi, and others to lead troops down to join Zang Zhi. Zhu Xiuzhi, governor of Yongzhou, raised troops for the legitimate side. Yixuan led a host of one hundred thousand, set out from Jiangjin; boats, and warships stretched several hundred li. On that day, a great wind blew; boats nearly capsized, and sank; they barely entered Zhongxia Mouth. He made eighth son Tao General Who Assists the State, and left him to garrison Jiangling. He sent Lu Xiu, and Zhu Tanshao with more than ten thousand men north to attack Zhu Xiuzhi. When Xiu first reached Jiangling, and saw Yixuan, after leaving he beat his breast, and said, "Elder brother has mistaken men's affairs; to make bandits together with a fool; this year we are defeated. Yixuan reached Xunyang, and descended together with Zhi. Zhi as vanguard reached Quetou; hearing Xu Yibao was defeated, and Lu Shuang at Xiaoxian surrendered his head, they looked at each other, and paled. Emperor Xiaowu sent General Who Pacifies the North Shen Qingzhi to send Shuang's head to Yixuan together with a letter; Yixuan, and Zhi were both terrified.

上先遣豫州刺史王玄謨舟師頓梁山洲內，東西兩岸為卻月城，營柵甚固。撫軍柳元景據姑孰為大統，偏師鄭琨、武念戍南浦。質徑入梁山，去玄謨一里許結營。義宣屯蕪湖。五月十九日，西南風猛，質乘風順流攻玄謨西壘，冗從僕射鬍子友等戰失利，棄壘度就玄謨。質又遣將龐法起數千兵趣南浦，仍使自後掩玄謨。與琨、念相遇。法起戰大敗，赴水死略盡。義宣至梁山，質上出軍東岸攻玄謨。玄謨分遣遊擊將軍垣護之、竟陵太守薛安都等出壘奮擊，大敗質軍，軍人一時投水。護之等因風縱火，焚其舟乘，風勢猛盛，煙爓覆江。義宣時屯西岸，延火燒營殆盡。諸將乘風火之勢，縱兵攻之，眾一時奔潰。義宣與質相失，各單舸迸走。東人士庶並歸順，西人與義宣相隨者，船舸猶有百餘。女先適臧質子，過尋陽，入城取女，載以西奔。至江夏，聞巴陵有軍被抄斷，回入徑口，步向江陵。眾散且盡，左右唯有十許人。腳痛不復能行，就民僦露車自載。無復食，緣道求告。至江陵郭外，竺超人具羽儀迎之，時帶甲尚萬餘人。

The emperor first sent Governor of Yu Province Wang Xuanmo's river force to encamp inside Liangshan Isle; east and west banks were made into crescent fortresses; camp palisades were very strong. General Who Pacifies the Army Liu Yuanjing held Gudu as grand commander; detached forces Zheng Kun, and Wu Nian garrisoned Nanpu. Zhi went straight into Liangshan, and encamped one li from Xuanmo. Yixuan made his camp at Wuhu. On the nineteenth day of the fifth month the southwest wind was fierce; Zhi riding the wind downstream attacked Xuanmo's western rampart; Attendant Officer Hu Ziyou, and others fought, and lost; they abandoned the rampart, and crossed to Xuanmo. Zhi again sent General Pang Faqi with several thousand troops toward Nanpu, and also had them from behind mask Xuanmo. They met Kun, and Nian. Faqi fought, and was greatly defeated; those who entered the water died almost to a man. Yixuan reached Liangshan. Zhi above sent troops on the east bank to attack Xuanmo. Xuanmo separately sent Mobile General Yuan Huzhi, and Jingling Governor Xue An Du, and others out of the rampart to strike fiercely; they greatly defeated Zhi's army; soldiers at once threw themselves into the water. Huzhi, and others then rode the wind to set fire; they burned boats, and carriages; the wind's force was fierce, and abundant; smoke, and flames covered the river. Yixuan was then encamped on the west bank. spreading fire burned the camp almost to exhaustion. The generals riding the wind, and fire's momentum released troops to attack; the host at once fled in rout. Yixuan, and Zhi lost each other; each in a single skiff fled headlong. Eastern gentry, and commoners all submitted; western men who followed Yixuan still had more than a hundred boats. His daughter had earlier married Zang Zhi's son; passing Xunyang, she entered the city to fetch her daughter, and carried her west in flight. Reaching Jiangxia, hearing Baling had troops who cut the route, he turned, and entered Jingkou; he walked toward Jiangling. The host scattered, and was nearly exhausted; at his side only about ten men remained. Foot pain no longer allowed walking. he hired a commoner's open cart to carry himself. With no food left. along the road he begged. Reaching outside Jiangling's wall, Zhu Chaoren fully prepared feathered insignia to welcome him. at the time armored men still exceeded ten thousand.

義宣既入城，仍出聽事見客。左右翟靈寶誡使撫慰眾賓，以「臧質違指授之宜，用致失利，今治兵繕甲，更為後圖。昔漢高百敗，終成大業」。而義宣誤云：「項羽千敗」。眾咸掩口而笑。魯秀、竺超人等猶為之爪牙，欲收合餘燼，更圖一決。而義宣惛墊，無復神守，入內不復出，左右腹心相率奔叛。魯秀北走，義宣不復自立，欲隨秀去。乃于內戎服，盛糧糗，帶背刀，攜息慆及所愛妾五人，皆著男子服相隨。城內擾亂，白刃交橫，義宣大懼落馬，仍便步地。超人送城外，更以馬與之。超人還守城。

Yixuan having entered the city. still went out to the reception hall to see guests. Attendant Zhai Lingbao admonished him to comfort the many guests, saying, "Zang Zhi violated the proper command and,, and so brought defeat; now we repair troops, and armor for a later plan. He cited the old example: "Han the High suffered a hundred defeats yet finally achieved the great enterprise." But Yixuan blundered and said, "Xiang Yu suffered a thousand defeats." Those present all covered their mouths, and laughed. Lu Xiu, Zhu Chaoren, and others still served as his claws, and teeth, wishing to gather the remaining embers, and plan one final decision. But Yixuan was muddled, and collapsed, no longer keeping spirit, and guard; he entered within, and no longer came out; attendants, and trusted men one after another fled, and rebelled. Lu Xiu fled north; Yixuan no longer stood on his own, and wished to follow Xiu away. He then within put on military dress, loaded dried grain, carried a back knife,, and took son Tao, and five beloved concubines; all wearing men's dress to follow. Within the city was disturbance; white blades crossed; Yixuan in great fear fell from his horse, and then walked on the ground. Chaoren sent him outside the wall, and again gave him a horse. Chaoren turned back to hold the city.

義宣冀及秀，望諸將送北入魏。既失秀所在，未出郭，將士逃盡，唯餘慆及五妾兩黃門而已。夜還向城，入南郡空廨，無床，席地至旦。遣黃門報超人，超人遣故車一乘，載送刺奸。義宣止獄戶，坐地歎曰：「臧質老奴誤我。」始與五妾俱入獄，五妾尋被遣出。義宣號泣語獄吏曰：「常日非苦，今日分別始是苦。」大司馬江夏王義恭諸公王八座與荊州刺史朱修之書，言：「義宣反道叛恩，便宜專行大戮」。書未達，修之已至江陵，於獄盡之。孝武聽還葬舊墓。

Yixuan hoped to catch up with Xiu, and looked to the generals to send him north into Wei. Having lost where Xiu was, before leaving the outer wall, officers, and soldiers fled to exhaustion; only Tao, and five concubines, and two eunuchs remained. At night he returned toward the city, entered the empty yamen of Nan commandery., with no bed, he sat on the ground until dawn. He sent a eunuch to report to Chaoren; Chaoren sent an old cart to carry, and deliver him to the arrest office. Yixuan stopped at the prison door, sat on the ground, and sighed, saying, "Old slave Zang Zhi misled me. At first he entered prison together, with five concubines. the five concubines were soon sent out. Yixuan wailed, and wept, saying to the prison clerk, "Ordinary days were not bitter; today's parting is the bitterness. Grand Marshal Prince Yigong of Jiangxia, the various lords,, and the Eight Ministers with Governor of Jingzhou Zhu Xiuzhi wrote, saying, "Yixuan has rebelled against the Way, and betrayed grace; it is fitting to execute the great punishment on authority." The letter had not arrived when Xiuzhi had already reached Jiangling, and finished him in prison. Emperor Xiaowu allowed burial in the old tomb.

長子恢年十一，拜南譙王世子。晉氏過江，不置城門校尉及衛尉官。孝武欲重城禁，故復置衛尉卿，以恢為侍中，領衛尉。衛尉之置，自恢始也。義宣反，錄付廷尉，自殺。恢弟愷字景穆，生而養于宮中，寵均皇子。十歲封宜陽侯，孝武時進為王。義宣反問至，愷于尚書寺內著婦人衣，乘問訊車投臨汝公孟詡，詡於妻室內為地窟藏之。事覺，並詡誅。其餘並為修之所殺。

Eldest son Hui, age eleven. was appointed Heir of Prince of Nanqiao. Once the Jin crossed the river, they did not set Gate Commandant of the City Gate or Minister of the Guard offices. Emperor Xiaowu wished to strengthen city prohibition and,, and so restored the Minister of the Guard; Hui was made Attendant, and headed the Guard. The setting of the Guard; from Hui it began. When Yixuan rebelled, he was recorded, and delivered to the Court Commandant, and killed himself. Hui's younger brother Kai, styled Jingmu, from birth was reared in the palace. favor matched the imperial sons. At ten he was enfeoffed Marquis of Yiyang. under Emperor Xiaowu he advanced to prince. When news of Yixuan's rebellion arrived, Kai within the Masters of Writing temple wore women's clothes, rode an inquiry cart, and fled to Duke Meng Xu of Linru; Xu within his wife's chamber made an underground pit to hide him. Once the affair was discovered, both Xu were executed. Xiuzhi killed all the rest.

衡陽文王義季，幼而夷簡，無鄙近之累。文帝為荊州，武帝使隨往，由是特為文帝所愛。元嘉元年，封衡陽王。十六年，代臨川王義慶為都督、荊州刺史。

Prince Wen of Hengyang, Yiji, from youth was easy, and simple, without the burden of vulgar closeness. When Emperor Wen was in Jingzhou, Emperor Wu had him follow; because of this he was especially loved by Emperor Wen. During the first year, of Yuanjia he was enfeoffed Prince of Hengyang. In the sixteenth year he replaced Prince Yiqing of Linchuan as overall commander and governor of Jingzhou.

先是義慶在任，遇巴、蜀擾亂，師旅應接，府庫空虛。義季畜財節用，數年還復充實。隊主續豐母老家貧，無以充養，遂不食肉。義季哀其志，給豐母月米二斛，錢一千，並制豐噉肉。義季素拙書，上聽使人書啟事，唯自署名而已。

Earlier when Yiqing was in office, he met Ba, and Shu in disturbance; armies responded, and connected; the treasury was empty. Yiji stored wealth, and economized use; within several years it again became full. Squad leader Xu Feng's mother was old, and the family poor; unable to support her, she,, and so did not eat meat. Yiji pitied her resolve, gave Feng's mother two hu of rice per month, and one thousand cash,, and also ordered Feng to eat meat. Yiji by nature was clumsy at writing; the emperor permitted others to write memorials for him — he only signed his name himself.

嘗大搜於郢，有野老帶苫而耕，命左右斥之。老人擁耒對曰：「昔楚子盤遊，受譏令尹，今陽和扇氣，播厥之始，一日不作，人失其時。大王馳騁為樂，驅斥老夫，非勸農之意。」義季止馬曰：「此賢者也。」命賜之食。老人曰：「籲！願大王均其賜也。苟不奪人時，則一時皆享王賜，老人不偏其私矣。斯飯也弗敢當。」問其名，不言而退。義季素嗜酒，自彭城王義康廢後，遂為長夜飲，略少醒日。文帝詰責曰：「此非唯傷事業，亦自損性，皆汝所諳。近長沙兄弟皆緣此致故，將軍蘇征耽酒成疾，旦夕待盡。一門無此酣法，汝于何得之？」義季雖奉旨，酣縱不改成疾，以至於終。

He once held a great hunt at Ying; an old man in the fields wore straw, and plowed; he ordered attendants to drive him off. The old man embracing his plow answered, saying, "Formerly the Chu ruler wandered in sport, and received the commandant's reproach; now the warm yang fans breath; the beginning of sowing; one day without work, and people lose the season. Great King gallops for pleasure, and drives off this old man; this is not the intent of encouraging agriculture. Yiji stopped his horse, and said, "This is a worthy man." Yiji ordered that food be given him. The old man exclaimed, "Alas! I ask that Great King extend the same grant to all. If you do not seize men's season, then for one season all enjoy the King's grant; the old man is not partial to private benefit. This meal I cannot accept. Asked his name, he did not speak, and withdrew. Yiji by nature loved wine. after Prince Yikang of Pengcheng was deposed, he then made all-night drinking. slightly fewer waking days. Emperor Wen reproached him, saying, "This is not only harm to enterprise; it also by itself damages nature; all are what you know well. Recently the Changsha brothers all, since of this met their end; General Su Zheng indulged in wine, and became ill, dawn, and dusk awaiting extinction. One house has no such drunken method; from where did you obtain it? Yiji though he received the edict, drunken excess did not change, and became illness, continuing to the end.

二十一年，徵為征北大將軍、開府儀同三司、南兗州刺史，加都督。發州之日，帷帳器服諸應隨刺史者，悉留之，荊楚以為美談。

In the twenty-first year he was summoned as General Who Pacifies the North with an office equal to the Three Excellencies and governor of Southern Yanzhou, with overall command. On the day he departed the province, curtains, vessels, dress,, and all that ought to follow the governor; all were left behind; Jing, and Chu took this as a fine tale.

二十二年，遷徐州刺史。明年，魏攻邊，北州擾動。義季慮禍，不欲以功勤自業，無他經略，唯飲酒而已。文帝又詔責之。

In the twenty-second year he was transferred to governor of Xuzhou. The next year Wei attacked the frontier. the northern province was disturbed. Yiji feared calamity, and did not wish to make merit, and diligence his enterprise; he had no other strategy; only drinking wine. Emperor Wen sent another edict of reproach.

論曰：自古帝王之興，雖系之於歷數，至於經啟多難，莫不兼藉親賢。當於餘祅內侮，荀、桓交逼，荊楚之勢，同於累卵。如使上略未盡，一算或遺，則得喪之機，未可知也。烈武王攬群才，揚盛策，一舉而掃勍寇，蓋亦人謀之致乎。長沙雖位列台鼎，不受本根之寄，跡其行事，有以知武皇之則哲。廬陵以帝子之重，兼高明之姿，釁跡未彰，禍生忌克，痛矣！夫天倫猶子，分形共氣，親愛之道，人理斯同；富貴之情，其義則舛。善乎龐公之言：比之周公、管、蔡，若處茅屋之內，宜無放殺之酷。觀夫彭城、南郡，其然乎。江夏地居愛子，位當上相，大明之世，親禮冠朝，屈體降身，歸於卑下，得使兩朝暴主，永無猜色，曆載踰十，以尊戚自保。及在永光，幼主南面，公旦之重，屬有所歸，自謂踐冰之慮已除，泰山之安可恃，曾未雲幾，而磔體分肌。古人以隱微致誡，斯為篤矣。衡陽晚存酒德，何先後之雲殊，其將存覆車之鑒；不然，何以致於是也。

The commentary says: From ancient times the rise of emperors and kings, though bound to the sequence of fate, when opening and bearing many hardships, none did not jointly rely on kin and worthies. When remaining omens harassed within, and Xun, and Huan pressed from without, Jing, and Chu's situation was like piled eggs. If the upper strategy was not exhausted, and one calculation was lost, then the occasion of gain, and loss could not be known. Prince Lie Wu gathered the crowd of talents, and raised flourishing stratagems; in one move he swept the fierce bandits; perhaps this too was the arrival of human counsel? Changsha though ranked among the tripods, did not receive the root's entrustment. tracing his conduct, one can know Martial Emperor's wise discrimination. Luling with the weight of an emperor's son, together with bright, and lofty bearing; before signs of offense appeared, calamity arose from jealousy, and exclusion; painful! Heaven's kinship is like sons; shared form, and shared breath; the Way of affection, human principle is the same; the feeling of wealth, and honor; its principle then diverges. Excellent is Pang Gong's word: compared to the Duke of Zhou, Guan, and Cai; if dwelling within a thatched hut, surely there would be no cruelty of release, and killing. Observing Pengcheng, and Nan commandery; is it not so? Jiangxia's place was the beloved son's dwelling, his rank the upper chancellor; in the Daming era, personal rites crowned the court; he bent body, and lowered self, returning to the humble below; thus he enabled two generations of violent rulers forever without suspicious color; years passed more than ten, by honored kinship preserving himself. When in Yongguang the young ruler faced south, the Duke of Zhou's weight had where to return; he considered that treading-ice worry was already removed, and Mount Tai's peace could be relied on; not yet how many clouds when body was quartered, and flesh divided. Ancient men used the hidden, and subtle to deliver admonition; this is earnest indeed. Hengyang in his later years preserved wine virtue; why before, and after so different in clouds? Perhaps he would preserve the overturned cart's mirror; Otherwise, how did he come to such an end?

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