1
列傳第五十五
Biographies 55
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陳宗室諸王永修侯擬遂興侯詳宜黃侯慧紀衡陽獻王昌南康湣王曇朗文帝諸子宣帝諸子後主諸子
The Chen imperial clan and princes—the Marquis of Yongxiu, Ni; the Marquis of Suxing, Xiang; the Marquis of Yihuang, Huiji; Prince Xian of Hengyang, Chang; Prince Min of Nankang, Tanlang; the sons of Emperor Wen; the sons of Emperor Xuan; and the sons of the Last Ruler
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永修侯擬字公正，陳武帝之疏屬也。 少孤貧，質直強記。 武帝南征交址，擬從焉。 梁紹泰二年，除員外散騎常侍、明威將軍，以雍州刺史資，監南徐州事。
Ni, Marquis of Yongxiu, whose style was Gongzheng, was a distant relative of Emperor Wu of Chen. He lost his parents early and grew up in poverty, but he was honest and had an exceptional memory. When Emperor Wu campaigned south against Jiaozhi, Ni went with him. In Liang Shaotai year 2, he was made supernumerary attendant-in-ordinary of the scattered cavalry and General of Illustrious Might, and, holding the rank of governor of Yong Province, supervised South Xuzhou.
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武帝踐阼，廣封宗室，詔從子監南徐州擬封永修縣侯，北徐州刺史褒封鍾陵縣侯，晃封建城縣侯，炅封上饒縣侯。 從孫明威將軍訬封虔化縣侯，吉陽縣侯喧仍前封，信威將軍祏封豫甯縣侯，青州刺史詳封遂興縣侯，貞威將軍慧紀封宜黃縣侯，敬雅封甯都縣侯，敬泰封平固縣侯。
After Emperor Wu ascended the throne, he extended fiefs widely among the imperial clan. By edict his nephew Ni, who had been overseeing South Xuzhou, was created Marquis of Yongxiu; Bao, governor of North Xuzhou, was created Marquis of Zhongling; Huang was created Marquis of Jiancheng; and Jiong was created Marquis of Shangrao. His grand-nephew Tuo, General of Illustrious Might, received Qianhua county; Xuan, Marquis of Jiyang, kept his previous fief; Shi, General of Trustworthy Might, received Yuning; Xiang, governor of Qing Province, received Suxing; Huiji, General of Upright Might, received Yihuang; Jingya received Ningdu; and Jingtai received Pinggu.
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文帝嗣位，擬除丹陽尹，坐事以白衣知郡，尋復本職。 卒，諡曰定。 天嘉二年，配享武帝廟庭。 子黨嗣。
After Emperor Wen came to the throne, Ni was appointed governor of Danyang. When he was implicated in a case, he administered the commandery as a commoner in disgrace, but before long he was restored to office. He died and was given the posthumous name Ding. In Tiancai year 2, he was granted a share in the sacrifices at Emperor Wu's ancestral temple. His son Dang inherited the title.
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遂興侯詳字文幾，少出家為沙門。 善書記，談論清雅。 武帝討侯景，召令還俗，配以兵馬，從定建鄴。 永定二年，封遂興縣侯。 天嘉三年，累遷吳州刺史。 五年，討周迪，戰敗，死之。 以所統失律，無贈諡。 子正理嗣。
Xiang, Marquis of Suxing, whose style was Wenji, entered the Buddhist clergy in his youth. He was adept at secretarial work and spoke with refined elegance. When Emperor Wu marched against Hou Jing, he recalled Xiang to secular life, assigned him soldiers and horses, and Xiang took part in securing Jiankang. In Yongding year 2, he was created Marquis of Suxing. In Tiancai year 3, he rose through successive appointments to governor of Wu. In year 5 he campaigned against Zhou Di, was defeated, and was killed. Because his command had broken discipline, he received no posthumous name. His son Zhengli inherited the title.
7
宜黃侯慧紀字元方，武帝之從孫也。 涉獵書史，負材任氣。 從武帝平侯景。 及帝踐阼，封宜黃縣侯，除黃門侍郎。
Huiji, Marquis of Yihuang, whose style was Yuanfang, was a grand-nephew of Emperor Wu. He read widely in history and literature and was proud, talented, and headstrong. He followed Emperor Wu in the campaign that overthrew Hou Jing. When the emperor ascended the throne, Huiji was created Marquis of Yihuang and appointed gentleman of the yellow gate.
8
太建十年，吳明徹北侵敗績，以慧紀為緣江都督、兗州刺史。 至德二年，為都督、荊州刺史。 及梁安平王蕭岩、晉熙王蕭瓛等詣慧紀請降，慧紀以兵迎之。 以應接功，位開府儀同三司。
In Taijian year 10, after Wu Mingche's failed northern campaign, Huiji was appointed commander along the river frontier and governor of Yan. In Zhide year 2, he was made regional commander and governor of Jing. When Xiao Yan, Prince of Anping, Xiao Huan, Prince of Jinxi, and other Liang princes came to offer surrender, Huiji marched out to welcome them. For this reception he was promoted to the status of a commander with staff equal to the Three Excellencies.
9
禎明三年，隋師濟江，慧紀率將士三萬人，船艦千餘乘，沿江而下，欲趣台城。 遣南康太守呂肅將兵據巫峽，以五條鐵鎖橫江，肅竭其私財以充軍用。 隋將楊素奮兵擊之，四十餘戰，爭馬鞍山及磨刀澗守險。 隋軍死者五千餘人，陳人盡取其鼻，以求功賞。 既而隋軍屢捷，獲陳之士，三縱之。 肅乃遁保延洲。 別帥廖世寵領大舫詐降，欲燒隋艦，更決一死戰。 於是有五黃龍備眾色，各長十餘丈，驤首連接，順流而東，風浪大起，雲霧晦冥，陳人震駭，不覺火自焚。 隋軍乘高艦，張大弩以射之，陳軍大敗，風浪應時頓息。 肅收餘眾東走。
In Zhenming year 3, as Sui armies crossed the Yangzi, Huiji led thirty thousand troops in more than a thousand ships downriver, aiming for the capital at Taicheng. He sent Lü Su, governor of Nankang, to hold Wuxia with troops, stretched five iron chains across the river, and Su spent his entire private fortune on the war effort. The Sui general Yang Su attacked fiercely. After more than forty engagements they fought over the strongpoints at Ma'an Mountain and Madao Stream. More than five thousand Sui soldiers were killed, and the Chen troops collected their noses to claim battle honors. Soon the Sui forces won a series of victories, and whenever they took Chen prisoners they released them three times running. Su then fell back to defend Yanzhou. The subordinate commander Liao Shichong brought large ships in a false surrender, planning to set the Sui fleet ablaze and fight one last desperate battle. Then five yellow dragons in many hues, each more than a hundred feet long, reared their heads in a linked procession and swept east with the current. Wind and waves surged, clouds blotted out the sky, the Chen troops were terrified—and their own ships caught fire before they realized what was happening. The Sui boarded their tall ships and shot with heavy crossbows. The Chen fleet was routed, and the storm died away as suddenly as it had risen. Su gathered what was left of his force and retreated eastward.
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慧紀時至漢口，為隋秦王俊拒，不得進。 聞肅敗，盡燒公安之儲，偽引兵東下，因推湘州刺史晉熙王叔文為盟主。 水軍都督周羅睺與郢州刺史荀法尚守江夏。 及建鄴平，隋晉王廣遣一使以慧紀子正業來喻，又使樊毅喻羅睺，其上流城戍悉解甲。 於是慧紀及巴州刺史畢寶並慟哭俱降。 慧紀入隋，依例授儀同三司，卒。 子正平，頗有文學。
By then Huiji had reached Hankou, where the Sui Prince of Qin, Jun, barred his way and he could not move forward. When he heard that Su had been defeated, he burned the grain depots at Gong'an, pretended to lead his army downstream, and proclaimed Xiang's governor, Prince Jinxi Shuwén, leader of the alliance. The naval commander Zhou Luohou and Ying's governor Xun Fashang held Jiangxia. After Jiankang fell, the Sui Prince of Jin, Guang, sent an envoy with Huiji's son Zhengye to reason with him and Fan Yi to persuade Luohou, and every upstream fortress disarmed. Huiji and Ba's governor Bi Bao then wept and surrendered together. Huiji entered Sui service, was given the honorary rank of the Three Excellencies according to precedent, and later died. His son Zhengping was a man of considerable literary talent.
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衡陽獻王昌字敬業，武帝第六子也。 梁太清末，武帝南征李賁，命昌與宣後隨沈恪還吳興。 及武帝東討侯景，昌與宣後、文帝並為景囚。 景平，拜長城國世子，吳興太守，時年十六。
Chang, Prince Xian of Hengyang, whose style was Jingye, was Emperor Wu's sixth son. At the close of the Liang Taiqing era, when Emperor Wu campaigned south against Li Ben, he sent Chang and Lady Xuan back to Wuxing under Shen Ke's escort. When Emperor Wu marched east against Hou Jing, Chang, Lady Xuan, and the future Emperor Wen were all imprisoned by Hou Jing. After Hou Jing's defeat he was named heir of Changcheng and appointed governor of Wuxing at the age of sixteen.
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昌容貌偉麗，神情秀朗，雅性聰辯，明習政事。 武帝遣陳郡謝哲、濟陽蔡景曆輔昌臨郡，又遣吳郡杜之偉授昌以經。 昌讀書一覽便誦，明于義理，剖析如流。 尋與宣帝俱往荊州。 魏克荊州，又與宣帝俱遷長安。
Chang was strikingly handsome, with a bright and open countenance. He was naturally quick-witted and eloquent and had a clear grasp of administration. Emperor Wu sent Xie Zhe of Chen and Cai Jingli of Jiyang to assist Chang in governing the commandery, and Du Zhiwei of Wu to teach him the classics. Chang could read a passage once and recite it from memory. He understood doctrine clearly and argued with effortless fluency. Soon afterward he went with the future Emperor Xuan to Jing. When Northern Wei took Jing, he was sent with Emperor Xuan to Chang'an.
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伯信字孚之，位西衡州刺史。 及隋師濟江，與臨汝侯方慶並為東衡州刺史王勇所害。
Boxin, whose style was Fuzhi, served as governor of West Heng. When the Sui armies crossed the Yangzi, he and Fangqing, Marquis of Linru, were both killed by Wang Yong, governor of East Heng.
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南康湣王曇朗，武帝母弟忠壯王休先之子也。 休先少倜儻有大志，梁簡文之在東宮，深被知遇，為文德主帥，頃之卒。 敬帝即位，追贈南徐州刺史，封武康縣公。 武帝受禪，贈司徒，封南康郡王，諡曰忠壯。
Tanlang, Prince Min of Nankang, was the son of Emperor Wu's younger uterine brother, Prince Zhongzhuang Xiuxian. In his youth Xiuxian was daring and ambitious. When Emperor Jianwen of Liang was crown prince, he won the prince's deep favor and was made commander of Wende, but he died soon after. After Emperor Jing came to the throne, Xiuxian was posthumously made governor of South Xuzhou and created Duke of Wukang. When Emperor Wu took the throne, he posthumously made Xiuxian grand tutor and Prince of Nankang, with the posthumous name Zhongzhuang.
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曇朗少孤，尤為武帝所愛。 有膽力，善綏禦。 侯景平後，起家著作郎。 武帝誅王僧辯，留曇朗鎮京口，知留府事。
Tanlang lost his father early and was especially cherished by Emperor Wu. He was brave and capable, and skilled at keeping order. After Hou Jing's defeat he entered office as drafting gentleman-attendant. When Emperor Wu executed Wang Sengbian, he left Tanlang to hold Jingkou and administer the capital in his absence.
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初，曇朗未質于齊，生子方泰、方慶； 及將適齊，以二妾自隨，在北又生二子方華、方曠，亦同得還。
Before Tanlang was sent to Qi as a hostage, he had fathered Fangtai and Fangqing; when he was to go north as a hostage he took two concubines with him. In the north he had two more sons, Fanghua and Fangkuang, and all of them eventually returned with him.
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方泰少粗獷，與諸惡少年群聚，遊逸無度，文帝以南康王故，特寬宥之。 天嘉二年，以為南康王世子。 及聞曇朗薨，於是襲爵南康王。 太建四年，為都督、廣州刺史。 為政殘暴，為有司奏免。 六年，授豫章內史，在郡不修政事。 秩滿之際，屢放部曲為劫，又縱火延燒邑居，因行暴掠，驅錄富人，徵求財賄。 代至，又淹留不還。 至都，以為宗正卿。 未拜，為御史中丞宗元饒所劾，免官，以王還第。 十一年，起為甯遠將軍，直殿省。 尋加散騎常侍。 其年八月，宣帝幸大壯觀，因大閱武。 命都督任忠領步騎十萬，陣於玄武湖，都督陳景領樓艦五百出于瓜步江。 上登玄武門觀，宴群臣以觀之。 因幸樂游苑，設絲竹會。 仍重幸大壯觀，集眾軍，振旅而還。 時方泰當從，啟稱所生母疾，不行。 因與亡命楊鍾期等二十人微行往人間，淫淳于岑妻，為州長流所錄。 又率人仗抗拒，傷損禁司，為有司所奏。 上大怒，下方泰獄。 方泰初承行淫，不承拒格禁司。 上曰：「不承則上測。」 方泰乃投列承引。 於是兼御史中丞徐君整奏請解方泰所居官，下宗正削爵土，上可其奏。
Fangtai was coarse and unruly in his youth. He ran with bad company and lived without restraint. Because he was the heir of the Prince of Nankang, Emperor Wen treated him with unusual lenience. In Tiancai year 2 he was named heir of the Prince of Nankang. When he learned of Tanlang's death, he succeeded to the princedom of Nankang. In Taijian year 4 he was made regional commander and governor of Guang. His rule was brutal, and the authorities petitioned for his dismissal. In year 6 he was appointed interior minister of Yuzhang, but he neglected his duties in the commandery. As his term was ending he repeatedly sent his retainers out to plunder, set fires that spread through the towns, and went on rampages, seizing the wealthy and extorting bribes. When his successor arrived, he still refused to leave. After he reached the capital he was appointed director of the imperial clan. Before he could take up the post he was impeached by censor-in-chief Zong Yuanrao, stripped of office, and sent home to his princely residence. In year 11 he was recalled as General Who Pacifies the Distance and assigned to the palace guard. Soon afterward he was also made attendant-in-ordinary of the scattered cavalry. That August, Emperor Xuan visited the Dazhuang Pavilion and held a grand military review. He ordered Commander Ren Zhong to deploy one hundred thousand infantry and cavalry at Xuanwu Lake, and Commander Chen Jing to lead five hundred tower ships out from the Guabu crossing. The emperor mounted the Xuanwu Gate tower to watch and gave a feast for his ministers as they looked on. He then went on to the Leyou Garden for a musical entertainment. He visited the Dazhuang Pavilion again, gathered the troops, and marched them back in formation. Fangtai was supposed to attend, but he pleaded that his birth mother was ill and stayed away. Instead he slipped away with twenty outlaws including Yang Zhongqi, went about in disguise, raped the wife of Chunyu Cen, and was seized by the local magistrate. He then led armed men in resisting arrest, wounded the guards, and was reported to the throne. The emperor was furious and had Fangtai thrown into prison. At first Fangtai admitted the rape but denied resisting the guards. The emperor said, "If you deny it, I shall look into the matter myself. Fangtai then confessed to everything. The acting censor-in-chief Xu Junzheng then petitioned to strip Fangtai of his offices and have the director of the imperial clan remove his title and fief. The emperor approved.
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禎明初，為侍中。 陳亡，與後主俱入長安。 隋大業中，為掖縣令。
At the start of the Zhenming era he was made palace attendant. When Chen fell he was taken to Chang'an with the Last Ruler. Under Sui, in the Daye era, he served as magistrate of Ye.
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方慶少清警，涉獵書傳。 及長有幹略。 天嘉中，封臨汝縣侯。 至德二年，累遷智武將軍、武州刺史。
Fangqing was keen-minded and alert from youth and read widely in the classics and histories. As he matured he proved capable and resourceful. During the Tiancai era he was created Marquis of Linru. In Zhide year 2 he rose through successive appointments to General of Sagacious Might and governor of Wu.
20
初，廣州刺史馬靖久居嶺表，大得人心，士馬強盛，朝廷疑之，以方慶為廣州刺史，以兵襲靖。 靖誅，進號宣毅將軍。 方慶性清謹，甚得人和。
Ma Jing had long governed Guang on the southern frontier, won deep loyalty there, and commanded a strong force, so the court grew suspicious. Fangqing was sent as governor of Guang with troops to seize him. After Ma Jing was killed, Fangqing was promoted to General Who Proclaims Resolution. Fangqing was upright and prudent by nature, and he won wide popular goodwill.
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禎明三年，隋師濟江，都督、東衡州刺史王勇徵兵于方慶，欲與赴援台城。 時隋行軍總管韋洸帥兵度嶺，宣隋文帝敕云：「若嶺南平定，留勇與豐州刺史鄭萬頃且依舊職。」 方慶聞之，恐勇賣己，且欲觀變，乃不從。 勇使高州刺史戴智烈斬方慶于廣州，而收其兵。
In Zhenming year 3, as Sui forces crossed the Yangtze, Governor Wang Yong of Eastern Hengzhou summoned Fangqing's troops, planning to march with him to relieve Taicheng. Sui campaign commander Wei Guang then crossed the mountains and proclaimed an edict from Emperor Wen of Sui: if Lingnan were pacified, Yong and Feng Province governor Zheng Wanqing would keep their posts for the time being. Fangqing feared Yong meant to sell him out, wanted to see how events would turn, and refused. Yong had Gaozhou governor Dai Zhilie kill Fangqing at Guangzhou and seize his army.
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鄭萬頃，滎陽人，梁司州刺史紹叔之始族子也。 父旻，梁末入魏。 萬頃通達有材幹，周武帝時，為司城大夫，出為溫州刺史。 至德中，與司馬消難奔陳，拜散騎常侍、昭武將軍、豐州刺史。 在州甚有惠政，吏人表請立碑，詔許焉。 初，萬頃在周，甚被隋文帝知遇，及隋文帝踐阼，常思還北。 及王勇殺方慶，萬頃乃率州兵拒勇降隋，隋授上儀同，尋卒。
Zheng Wanqing of Xingyang was a kinsman of Liang's Sizhou governor Zheng Shaoshu on the senior branch of the clan. His father Min went over to Northern Wei at the end of Liang. Wanqing was talented and capable. Under Zhou Emperor Wu he served as metropolitan construction officer and later as governor of Wen. In the Zhide era he defected to Chen with Sima Xiaonan and was made irregular attendant-in-ordinary, General of Manifest Might, and governor of Feng. He governed Feng with real kindness; officials and people petitioned for a commemorative stele, and the court agreed. In Zhou he had been close to the future Sui founder; once Sui was founded he often wished to return north. After Yong killed Fangqing, Wanqing marched against him with his provincial troops and surrendered to Sui. Sui made him a senior pillar of state, and he died soon after.
23
文帝十三男：沈皇后生廢帝、始興王伯茂。 嚴淑媛生鄱陽王伯山、晉安王伯恭。 潘容華生新安王伯固。 劉昭華生衡陽王伯信。 王充華生廬陵王伯仁。 張修容生江夏王伯義。 韓修華生武陵王伯禮。 江貴妃生永陽王伯智。 孔貴妃生桂陽王伯謀。 二男早卒，無名； 伯信出繼衡陽王昌。
Emperor Wen had thirteen sons. Empress Shen bore the Deposed Emperor and Bo Mao, Prince of Shixing. Lady Yan the Honored Consort bore Bo Shan, Prince of Poyang, and Bo Gong, Prince of Jin'an. Lady Pan the Graceful Beauty bore Bo Gu, Prince of Xin'an. Lady Liu the Resplendent Beauty bore Bo Xin, Prince of Hengyang. Lady Wang the Filling Beauty bore Bo Ren, Prince of Luling. Lady Zhang the Cultivated Countenance bore Bo Yi, Prince of Jiangxia. Lady Han the Cultivated Beauty bore Bo Li, Prince of Wuling. Lady Jiang the Noble Consort bore Bo Zhi, Prince of Yongyang. Lady Kong the Noble Consort bore Bo Mou, Prince of Guiyang. Two sons died young without receiving titles or names; Bo Xin was given in adoption to succeed Prince Hengyang Chang.
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始興王伯茂字郁之，文帝第二子也。 初，武帝兄始興昭烈王道談仕梁為東宮直合將軍。 侯景之亂，援台中流矢卒。 太平二年，贈南兗州刺史，封長城縣公，諡曰昭烈。 武帝受禪，重贈太傅，改封始興郡王。 道談生文帝及宣帝。 宣帝以梁承聖末遷于長安，至是武帝遙以宣帝襲封始興嗣王，以奉昭烈王祀。 武帝崩，文帝入纂帝位。 時宣帝在周未還，文帝以本宗乏饗，徙封宣帝為安成王，封伯茂為始興王，以奉昭烈王祀。 賜天下為父後者爵一級。 舊制，諸王受封未加戎號者，不置佐史。 於是尚書八坐奏加伯茂甯遠將軍，置佐史，除揚州刺史。
Bo Mao, Prince of Shixing, styled Yuzhi, was Emperor Wen's second son. Emperor Wu's elder brother Daotan, Prince Zhaolie of Shixing, had served Liang as direct gate commander of the Eastern Palace. During Hou Jing's rebellion he was killed by a stray arrow while relieving Taicheng. In Taiping year 2 he was posthumously made governor of Nayan, created Duke of Changcheng, and given the posthumous name Zhaolie. When Emperor Wu took the throne, he was posthumously made grand tutor and Prince of Shixing. Daotan was the father of Emperor Wen and Emperor Xuan. Emperor Xuan had gone to Chang'an at the end of Liang's Chengsheng era. Emperor Wu then had him inherit remotely as heir Prince of Shixing to maintain sacrifice to Prince Zhaolie. When Emperor Wu died, Emperor Wen succeeded to the throne. Emperor Xuan had not yet returned from Zhou. Because the original line lacked someone to maintain the sacrifices, Emperor Wen transferred Xuan to Prince of Ancheng and enfeoffed Bo Mao as Prince of Shixing to serve Prince Zhaolie's cult. He granted one rank of nobility throughout the realm to all who served as heirs to their fathers. Under the old system, princes enfeoffed without a military title were not given adjutants or clerks. The Eight Dignitaries of the Secretariat then memorialized to give Bo Mao the title General Who Pacifies the Distance, assign him adjutants and clerks, and appoint him governor of Yang.
25
伯茂性聰敏，好學，謙恭下士，又以太子母弟，文帝深愛重之。 時軍人于丹徒盜發晉郗曇墓，大獲晉右軍將軍王羲之書及諸名賢遺跡。 事覺，其書並沒縣官，藏于秘府。 文帝以伯茂好古，多以賜之。 由是伯茂大工草隸書，甚得右軍法。
Bo Mao was clever and loved learning, and he was humble and courteous to scholars. Because he was the crown prince's younger brother by the same mother, Emperor Wen cherished him deeply. At the time soldiers at Dantu looted the Jin tomb of Xi Tan and recovered a great hoard of writings by Jin's General of the Right Army Wang Xizhi and relics left by famous men of the past. When the affair came to light, the writings were confiscated by the county authorities and stored in the secret archives. Because Bo Mao loved antiquity, Emperor Wen gave many of them to him. From this Bo Mao became highly skilled in cursive and clerical script and mastered the methods of the General of the Right.
26
遷東揚州刺史、鎮東將軍、開府儀同三司。 廢帝時，伯茂在都，劉師知等矯詔出宣帝，伯茂勸成之。 師知等誅後，宣帝恐伯茂扇動朝廷，乃進號中衛將軍，令入居禁中，專與廢帝遊處。 時四海之望，咸歸宣帝，伯茂深不平，數肆惡言。 宣帝以其無能，不以為意。 及建安人蔣裕與韓子高等謀反，伯茂並陰豫其事。 光大二年，皇太后令黜廢帝為臨海王，其日又下令降伯茂為溫麻侯。 時六門之外有別館，以為諸王冠昏之所，名為昏第，至是命伯茂出居之，宣帝遣盜殞之于車中，年十八。
He was transferred to governor of Eastern Yang, General Who Pacifies the East, and grand master of the state with the privilege of opening an office at the third rank. While the Deposed Emperor reigned, Bo Mao was in the capital. Liu Shizhi and others forged an edict to release Emperor Xuan, and Bo Mao urged them on. After Shizhi and the others were executed, Emperor Xuan feared Bo Mao would stir the court. He promoted him to Central Guard General, had him live within the palace precincts, and kept him exclusively with the Deposed Emperor for company. At the time all hopes under heaven turned to Emperor Xuan. Bo Mao was deeply resentful and repeatedly spoke viciously against him. Emperor Xuan, judging him incapable, paid it no heed. When Jiang Yu of Jian'an plotted rebellion with Han Zigao and others, Bo Mao also secretly took part. In Guangda year 2 the empress dowager demoted the Deposed Emperor to Prince of Linhai. That same day she also reduced Bo Mao to Marquis of Wenma. Outside the Six Gates stood a separate lodge where princes underwent capping and marriage, called the Wedding Lodge. Bo Mao was now ordered to move there. Emperor Xuan sent assassins who killed him in his carriage. He was eighteen.
27
鄱陽王伯山字靜之，文帝第三子也。 偉容儀，舉止閒雅，喜慍不形於色。 武帝時，天下草創，諸王受封，儀注多闕。 及伯山受封，文帝欲重其事，天嘉元年七月丙辰，尚書八坐奏封鄱陽郡王，乃遣度支尚書蕭睿持節兼太宰告於太廟，又遣五兵尚書王質持節兼太宰告於太社。 其年十月，上臨軒策命，策訖，令王公以下，並宴于王第。 六年，為緣江都督、平北將軍、南徐州刺史。 宣帝輔政，不欲令伯山處邊，光大元年，徙為東揚州刺史。 累遷征南將軍，護軍將軍，加開府儀同三司，給鼓吹並扶。
Bo Shan, Prince of Poyang, styled Jingzhi, was Emperor Wen's third son. He had a commanding presence, refined and elegant in bearing, and never let pleasure or anger show on his face. In Emperor Wu's day the realm was newly founded, and the rituals for princely enfeoffment were often incomplete. When Bo Shan was enfeoffed, Emperor Wen wished to give the ceremony full weight. On the bingchen day of the seventh month of Tiancai year 1, the Eight Dignitaries memorialized to create him Prince of Poyang. They sent Minister of Revenue Xiao Rui with the credential staff, concurrently serving as grand preceptor, to announce at the Grand Temple, and Minister of War Wang Zhi with the same commission to announce at the Grand Soil Altar. That tenth month the emperor personally bestowed the investiture mandate from the hall. When the mandate was finished, he ordered all princes, dukes, and officials down the ranks to feast at the prince's residence. In year 6 he became commander along the river, General Who Pacifies the North, and governor of Southern Xu. While serving as regent, Emperor Xuan did not want Bo Shan on the frontier. In Guangda year 1 he was transferred to governor of Eastern Yang. He rose through successive appointments to General Who Campaigns South and Protector General, was given the additional title of grand master of the state with the privilege of opening an office at the third rank, and was granted ceremonial music and honor staves.
28
長子君范，未襲爵而隋師至。 時宗室王侯在都者百餘人，後主恐其為變，乃並召入，屯朝堂，使豫章王叔英總督之，又陰為之備。 六軍敗績，相率出降，因從後主入長安。 隋文帝並配隴右及河西諸州，各給田業以處之。 大業二年，隋煬帝以後主第六女婤為貴人，絕愛幸，因召陳氏子弟盡還京師，隨才敘用，由是並為守宰，遍於天下。 君范位溫縣令。
His eldest son Junfan had not yet inherited the title when the Sui armies arrived. More than a hundred princes and marquises of the imperial house were then in the capital. The Last Ruler feared they might rebel, summoned them all in, quartered them in the Court Hall under the overall command of Prince of Yuzhang Shuying, and secretly made other preparations against them. When the six armies were defeated, they surrendered in succession and followed the Last Ruler to Chang'an. Emperor Wen of Sui assigned them to various prefectures in Longyou and west of the Yellow River, giving each fields and estates for settlement. In Daye year 2 Emperor Yang of Sui took the Last Ruler's sixth daughter Fu as an honored consort and loved her dearly. He summoned all Chen clansmen back to the capital and appointed them according to their abilities, so that they came to hold prefectural and county offices throughout the empire. Junfan served as magistrate of Wen county.
29
新安王伯固字牢之，文帝第五子也。 生而龜胸，目通睛揚白，形狀眇小，而俊辯善言論。 天嘉六年，立為新安郡王。 太建七年，累遷都督、南徐州刺史。 伯固性嗜酒，不好積聚，所得祿奉，用度無節。 酣醉以後，多所乞丐，于諸王中最為貧窶。 宣帝每矜之，特加賞賜。 性輕率，好行鞭捶。 在州不知政事，日出田獵。 或乘眠輿至於草間，輒呼人從遊，動至旬日。 所捕獐鹿，多使生致。 宣帝頗知之，遣使責讓者數矣。
Bo Gu, Prince of Xin'an, styled Laozhi, was Emperor Wen's fifth son. He was born with a pigeon chest and eyes whose whites showed bright when he looked straight ahead. Though slight in stature, he was handsome, quick in debate, and fluent in speech. In Tiancai year 6 he was created Prince of Xin'an. In Taijian year 7 he rose through successive appointments to commander and governor of Southern Xu. Bo Gu loved wine and would not save. He spent his salary without restraint. When drunk he often begged from others, and among the princes he was the poorest. Emperor Xuan often pitied him and gave him special gifts. He was frivolous by nature and fond of the lash. In his province he ignored government and hunted every day. Sometimes he rode a sleeping litter into the meadows, called people to join his outings, and stayed away for ten days at a time. Most of the deer and roe he took he had brought in alive. Emperor Xuan knew of it well and sent envoys to rebuke him more than once.
30
十年，為國子祭酒。 頗知玄理，而墯業無所通； 至於擿句問難，往往有奇意。 為政嚴苛，國學有墯游不修習者，重加檟楚，生徒懼焉，由是學業頗進。
In year 10 he became director of the National University. He knew something of arcane learning, yet had mastered no art; but when he picked out phrases and pressed others in debate, he often showed a striking turn of mind. As an administrator he was harsh. Students in the National University who idled instead of studying he beat heavily with the cudgel. They feared him, and study thereafter advanced sharply.
31
十三年，為都督、揚州刺史。 後主初在東宮，與伯固甚親狎。 伯固又善嘲謔，宣帝每宴集，多引之。 叔陵在江州，心害其寵，陰求瑕疵，將中以法。 及叔陵入朝，伯固懼罪，諂求其意，乃共訕毀朝賢，曆詆文武，雖耆年高位，皆面折無所畏忌。 伯固性好射雉，叔陵又好開發塚墓，出遊田野，必與偕行，於是情好大協，遂謀不軌。 伯固侍禁中，每有密語，必報叔陵。 及叔陵奔東府，遣使告之，伯固單馬馳赴，助叔陵指麾。 知事不捷，便欲走。 會四門已閉，不得出，因趣白楊道。 台馬容至，為亂兵所殺，屍於東昌館門，時年二十八。 詔特許以庶人禮葬。 子及所生王氏，並特宥為庶人，國除。
In year 13 he became commander and governor of Yang. When the Last Ruler was still crown prince in the Eastern Palace, he and Bo Gu were very close. Bo Gu was also skilled at banter, and Emperor Xuan often summoned him to his feasts. Shuling was in Jiang Province and resented Bo Gu's favor. He secretly looked for faults and meant to bring him down by law. When Shuling came to court, Bo Gu feared punishment and fawned on him to learn his mind. Together they slandered court worthies and abused civil and military men in turn—even elders of years and high rank they confronted to the face without fear. Bo Gu loved shooting pheasants and Shuling loved opening tombs. Abroad in the wilds they always went together, their feelings matched, and they plotted treason. Bo Gu attended within the palace. Whenever there was confidential talk he reported it to Shuling. When Shuling fled to the Eastern Palace he sent word to Bo Gu. Bo Gu rode alone at full speed to join him and helped direct the fighting. Seeing the cause was lost, he meant to flee. The four gates were already shut and he could not leave, so he made for White Poplar Road. Palace horse guards caught up with him and disorderly troops killed him. His body lay at the gate of the Eastern Chang Lodge. He was twenty-eight. An edict specially permitted him to be buried with commoner rites. His son and his birth mother Lady Wang were all specially pardoned and made commoners, and the fief was abolished.
32
晉安王伯恭字肅之，文帝第六子。 天嘉六年封。 尋為吳郡太守。 時年十餘歲，便留心政事，官曹緝理。 歷位尚書左僕射，後為中衛將軍、右光祿大夫。 陳亡入長安。 大業初，為成州刺史、太常少卿。
Bo Gong, Prince of Jin'an, styled Suzhi, was Emperor Wen's sixth son. He was enfeoffed in Tiancai year 6. Soon afterward he became governor of Wu commandery. Though he was only in his teens, he already attended to government affairs and kept the official departments in good order. He rose to Left Vice Director of the Secretariat and later became Central Guard General and Right Grand Master of Splendid Happiness. When Chen fell he went to Chang'an. At the beginning of the Daye era he served as governor of Cheng and vice director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices.
33
廬陵王伯仁字壽之，文帝第八子。 天嘉六年立。 為侍中、國子祭酒，領太子中庶子。 陳亡，卒于長安。
Bo Ren, Prince of Luling, styled Shouzhi, was Emperor Wen's eighth son. He was enfeoffed in Tiancai year 6. He served as Attendant-in-Ordinary, director of the Imperial University, and concurrently senior steward of the heir apparent. When Chen fell, he died in Chang'an.
34
江夏王伯義字堅之，文帝第九子。 天嘉六年封。 位金紫光祿大夫。 陳亡入長安。 遷於瓜州，道卒。
Bo Yi, Prince of Jiangxia, styled Jianzhi, was Emperor Wen's ninth son. He was enfeoffed in Tiancai year 6. He held the rank of Grand Master for Splendid Happiness with the golden seal and purple ribbon. When Chen fell he went to Chang'an. He was relocated to Guazhou and died en route.
35
武陵王伯禮字用之，文帝第十子。 天嘉六年立。 太建初，為吳興太守。 在郡恣行暴掠，後為有司所劾。 十一年，被代征還，遂遷延不發，為御史中丞徐君整所劾，免。 陳亡入長安。 大業中，為臨洮太守。
Bo Li, Prince of Wuling, styled Yongzhi, was Emperor Wen's tenth son. He was enfeoffed in Tiancai year 6. At the beginning of the Taijian era he served as prefect of Wuxing. While governing the commandery he indulged in violence and plunder, and was later impeached by the proper authorities. In year 11, after being replaced and recalled to court, he kept delaying his departure; Censor-in-Chief Xu Junzheng impeached him, and he was dismissed. When Chen fell he went to Chang'an. During the Daye era he served as prefect of Lintao.
36
永陽王伯智字策之，文帝第十二子。 少敦厚，有器局，博涉經史。 太建中立。 累遷尚書左僕射，後為特進。 陳亡入長安。 大業中，為國子司業。
Bo Zhi, Prince of Yongyang, styled Cezhi, was Emperor Wen's twelfth son. From youth he was honest and generous, possessed breadth of character, and was widely versed in the classics and histories. He was enfeoffed during the Taijian era. He rose in stages to Left Vice Director of the Secretariat and later became Specially Advanced. When Chen fell he went to Chang'an. During the Daye era he served as vice director of the Imperial University.
37
桂陽王伯謀字深之，文帝第十三子。 太建中立。 位散騎常侍，薨。 子酆，大業中，為番禾令。
Bo Mou, Prince of Guiyang, styled Shenzhi, was Emperor Wen's thirteenth son. He was enfeoffed during the Taijian era. He held the post of Attendant-in-Ordinary of the Scattered Cavalry and died. His son Feng served during the Daye era as magistrate of Fanhe.
38
宣帝四十二男：柳皇后生後主。 彭貴人生始興王叔陵。 曹淑華生豫章王叔英。 何淑儀生長沙王叔堅、宜都王叔明。 魏昭華生建安王叔卿。 錢貴妃生河東王叔獻。 劉昭儀生新蔡王叔齊。 袁昭容生晉熙王叔文、義陽王叔達、新會王叔坦。 王姬生淮南王叔彪、巴山王叔雄。 吳姬生始興王叔重。 徐姬生尋陽王叔儼。 淳于姬生岳陽王叔慎。 王修華生武昌王叔虞。 韋修容生湘東王叔平。 施姬生臨賀王叔敖，沅陵王叔興。 曾姬生陽山王叔宣。 楊姬生西陽王叔穆。 申婕妤生南安王叔儉、南郡王叔澄、岳山王叔韶、太原王叔匡。 袁姬生新興王叔純。 吳姬生巴東王叔謨。 劉姬生臨海王叔顯。 秦姬生新甯王叔隆、新昌王叔榮。 其皇子叔叡、叔忠、叔泓、叔毅、叔訓、叔武、叔處、叔封八人，並未及封。 三子早卒，無名。
Emperor Xuan had forty-two sons. Empress Liu bore the Last Ruler. Lady Peng bore Chen Shuling, Prince of Shixing. Cao Shuhua bore Chen Shuying, Prince of Yuzhang. He Shuyi bore Chen Shujian, Prince of Changsha, and Chen Shuming, Prince of Yidu. Wei Zhaohua bore Chen Shuqing, Prince of Jian'an. Consort Qian bore Chen Shuxian, Prince of Hedong. Lady Liu the Lesser Consort bore Chen Shuqi, Prince of Xincai. Yuan Zhaorong bore Chen Shuwen, Prince of Jinxi; Chen Shuda, Prince of Yiyang; and Chen Shutan, Prince of Xinhui. Lady Wang bore Chen Shubiao, Prince of Huainan, and Chen Shuxiong, Prince of Bashan. Lady Wu bore Chen Shuzhong, Prince of Shixing. Lady Xu bore Chen Shuyan, Prince of Xunyang. Lady Chunyu bore Chen Shushen, Prince of Yueyang. Wang Xiuhua bore Chen Shuyu, Prince of Wuchang. Wei Xiurong bore Chen Shuping, Prince of Xiangdong. Lady Shi bore Chen Shuao, Prince of Linhe, and Chen Shuxing, Prince of Yuanling. Lady Zeng bore Chen Shuxuan, Prince of Yangshan. Lady Yang bore Chen Shumu, Prince of Xiyang. Lady Shen the Distinguished Beauty bore Chen Shujian, Prince of Nan'an; Chen Shucheng, Prince of Nanjun; Chen Shushao, Prince of Yueshan; and Chen Shukuang, Prince of Taiyuan. Lady Yuan bore Chen Shuchun, Prince of Xinxing. Lady Wu bore Chen Shumo, Prince of Badong. Lady Liu bore Chen Shuxian, Prince of Linhai. Lady Qin bore Chen Shulong, Prince of Xinning, and Chen Shurong, Prince of Xinchang. Eight other princes—Shurui, Shuzhong, Shuhong, Shuyi, Shuxun, Shuwu, Shuchu, and Shufeng—had not yet received enfeoffment. Three sons died young; their names are not recorded.
39
始興王叔陵字子嵩，宣帝之第二子也。 梁承聖中，生於江陵。 魏克江陵，宣帝遷關右，叔陵留穰城。 宣帝之還，以後主及叔陵為質。 天嘉三年，隨後主還朝，封康樂縣侯。 叔陵少機辯，狥聲名，強梁無所推屈。 太建元年，封始興王，奉昭烈王祀。 位都督、江州刺史，時年十六，政自己出，僚佐莫預焉。 性嚴刻，部下懾憚。 諸公子侄及罷縣令長，皆逼令事己。 豫章內史錢法成詣府進謁，即配其子季卿將領馬仗。 季卿慚恥不時至，叔陵大怒，侵辱法成，法成憤怨，自縊而死。 州縣非其部內，亦征攝案之。 朝貴及下吏有乖忤者，輒誣奏其罪，陷以重辟。
Chen Shuling, Prince of Shixing, styled Zisong, was Emperor Xuan's second son. He was born at Jiangling during the Liang dynasty's Chengsheng era. When Wei captured Jiangling, Emperor Xuan was relocated west of the Pass, while Shuling remained at Rangcheng. When Emperor Xuan returned, the Last Ruler and Shuling were left behind as hostages. In Tiancai year 3 he returned to court with the Last Ruler and was enfeoffed as Marquis of Kangle. From youth Shuling was quick-witted and articulate; he courted renown and was so overbearing that no one could make him yield. In Taijian year 1 he was enfeoffed as Prince of Shixing and charged with maintaining the sacrifices to Prince Zhaolie. He served as area commander and governor of Jiang Province. At sixteen he ran affairs entirely on his own, and his staff had no share in them. His nature was harsh and severe, and his subordinates lived in fear of him. He forced the sons and nephews of other princes, as well as dismissed county and prefectural officials, to serve him. When Yuzhang interior minister Qian Facheng came to the headquarters to pay his respects, Shuling immediately assigned Facheng's son Jiqing to lead troops and horses. Jiqing, ashamed and humiliated, failed to arrive promptly. Shuling flew into a rage and insulted Facheng, who in resentment hanged himself. He also summoned and investigated prefectures and counties outside his jurisdiction. Whenever court nobles or lower officials crossed him, he would immediately fabricate charges and trap them with capital offenses.
40
四年，遷都督、湘州刺史。 諸州鎮聞其至，皆震恐股栗。 叔陵日益橫，征伐夷、獠，所得皆入己，絲毫不以賞賜。 徵求役使，無有紀極。 夜常不臥，執燭達曉，呼召賓客，說人間細事，戲謔無所不為。 性不飲酒，唯多置肴胾，晝夜食噉而已。 自旦至中，方始寢寐。 曹局文案，非呼不得輒白。 笞罪者皆系獄，動數年不省視。 瀟、湘以南，皆逼為左右，廛裏殆無遺者。 其中脫有逃竄，輒殺其妻子。 州縣無敢上言，宣帝弗之知。
In year 4 he was transferred to area commander and governor of Xiang Province. When the provincial garrisons heard he was coming, they all trembled with fear. Shuling grew ever more domineering. From campaigns against the Yi and Liao, everything he seized went into his own pocket, and he never gave the slightest reward. His levies and forced labor knew no limit. At night he often went without sleep, keeping candles burning until dawn while summoning guests to gossip about petty affairs and indulge in every sort of jest. He did not drink wine by nature; he only laid out great quantities of meat and food, eating day and night. Only from dawn until midday did he finally sleep. Office documents could not be brought to his attention unless he was summoned. Those sentenced to flogging were all imprisoned, and for years on end he never looked in on them. South of the Xiao and Xiang rivers he forced people to serve as his attendants, leaving scarcely anyone in the markets and lanes untouched. If any escaped, he immediately killed their wives and children. The prefectures and counties dared not report upward, and Emperor Xuan knew nothing of it.
41
九年，除都督、揚州刺史。 十年，至都，加扶，給油幢車。 叔陵居東府，事務多關涉省閣，執事之司，承意順旨，即諷上進用之。 微致違忤，必抵大罪，重者至殊死。 道路藉藉，皆言其有非常志。 叔陵修飾虛名，每入朝，常于車中馬上，執卷讀書，高聲長誦，陽陽自若。 歸坐齋中，或自執斧斤，為沐猴百戲。 又好遊塚墓間，遇有塋表主名可知者，輒命左右發掘，取其石志、古器並骸骨肘脛，持為翫弄，藏之府庫。 人間少妻處女，微有色貌者，並即逼納。
In year 9 he was appointed area commander and governor of Yang Province. In year 10, when he reached the capital, he was granted attendants to support him and given an oil-canopy carriage. Shuling lived in the Eastern Palace, and his affairs often intruded into the secretariat. When responsible officials accommodated his wishes, he would hint to the emperor to promote them. The slightest offense brought down severe punishment; in serious cases it went as far as execution. Rumors spread everywhere that he harbored extraordinary ambitions. Shuling cultivated a false reputation for learning. Whenever he went to court he would often read aloud from a scroll in his carriage or on horseback, reciting at length with lofty self-assurance. Back in his study he would sometimes take up axe and adze himself to play the lord in monkey-cap masquerades. He also loved roaming among tombs and graves. Whenever he found a mound whose memorial tablet bore a readable name, he would order his attendants to excavate it, take the stone epitaph, ancient artifacts, and even arm and shin bones, keep them as playthings, and store them in his treasury. Any young wives or maidens among the people who showed even a trace of beauty were immediately forced into his household.
42
十一年，丁所生母彭氏憂，去職。 頃之，起為本職。 晉世王公貴人，多葬梅嶺，及彭氏卒，叔陵啟求梅嶺葬之，乃發故太傅謝安舊墓，棄去安柩，以葬其母。 初喪日，偽為哀毀，自稱刺血寫涅盤經。 未及十旬，乃日進甘膳。 又私召左右妻女，與之奸合，所作尤不軌，侵淫上聞。 宣帝責御史中丞王政以不舉奏，免政官。 又黜其典簽、親事，仍加鞭捶。 宣帝素愛叔陵，不繩以法，但責讓而已。 服闋，又為侍中、中軍大將軍。
In year 11, upon the death of his birth mother Lady Peng, he left office to observe mourning. Before long he was recalled to his former post. In Jin times many princes and nobles were buried at Meiling. When Lady Peng died, Shuling petitioned to bury her there, exhumed the old tomb of the former Grand Tutor Xie An, discarded An's coffin, and buried his mother in its place. On the first days of mourning he feigned grief and devastation, claiming he was copying the Nirvana Sutra in his own blood. Before ten weeks had passed, he was daily indulging in rich foods. He also secretly summoned the wives and daughters of his attendants and fornicated with them. His conduct was especially depraved, and word reached the emperor. Emperor Xuan rebuked Censor-in-Chief Wang Zheng for failing to impeach him and dismissed Wang from office. He also dismissed Shuling's chief clerk and personal attendants and had them flogged. Emperor Xuan had always favored Shuling and did not bind him with the law, contenting himself with reproach. When mourning ended he again became Attendant-in-Ordinary and Grand General of the Central Army.
43
及宣帝不豫，後主諸王併入侍疾。 叔陵陰有異志，命典藥吏礪切藥刀。 及倉卒之際，又命左右取劍，左右不悟，乃取朝服所佩木劍以進，叔陵怒。 及翌日小斂，後主哀頓俯伏，叔陵以銼藥刀斫後主中項。 太后馳來救焉，叔陵又斫太后數下。 後主乳媼樂安君吳氏時在太后側，自後掣肘，後主因得起。 叔陵仍持後主衣，後主自奮得免。 長沙王叔堅以手搤叔陵，奪去其刀，仍牽就柱，以其褶袖縛之，棄池水中，將殺之，問後主曰：「即盡之，為待也？」 時吳媼已扶後主避賊，叔堅求後主所在，將受命。 叔陵多力，因奮袖得脫，突出雲龍門，馳車還東府，呼其甲士斷青溪橋道。 放東城囚，以充戰士。 又遣人往新林追所部兵馬。 仍自被甲，著白帽，登城西門，招募百姓，散金銀以賞賜。 外召諸王將帥，無有應者，唯新安王伯固聞而赴之。 叔陵聚兵僅得千人，欲據城保守。
When Emperor Xuan fell ill, the Last Ruler and all the princes entered together to attend him. Shuling secretly harbored ulterior designs and ordered the pharmacy clerk to sharpen the medicine knife. In the crisis he again ordered his attendants to fetch a sword. Not understanding, they brought the wooden ceremonial sword worn with court dress, and Shuling was enraged. The next day at the minor encoffining, as the Last Ruler lay prostrate in grief, Shuling struck him on the back of the neck with the sharpened medicine knife. The Empress Dowager rushed to save him, and Shuling struck her several times as well. The Last Ruler's wet nurse, Lady Wu of Le'an, was then at the Empress Dowager's side. From behind she pulled Shuling back by the elbow, and the Last Ruler thus managed to rise. Shuling still clutched the Last Ruler's garment, but the Last Ruler struggled free and escaped. Prince of Changsha Shujian grabbed Shuling, wrested away his knife, dragged him to a pillar, and bound him with his own robe sleeves. He threw him into the pool and was about to kill him when he asked the Last Ruler, "Shall we finish him off now, or wait? By then Lady Wu had already helped the Last Ruler flee the assailant. Shujian searched for the Last Ruler's whereabouts to receive his command. Shuling was very strong. He wrenched free his bound sleeves, burst out through the Cloud Dragon Gate, drove back to the Eastern Residence, and ordered his armored soldiers to block the Qingxi Bridge road. He released the prisoners held in the Eastern City to serve as fighters. He also sent men to Xinlin to recall the troops under his command. He then armored himself, put on a white cap, climbed the west gate of the city, recruited commoners, and scattered gold and silver as rewards. He sent out calls to the princes and commanders, but none responded. Only Bo Gu, Prince of Xin'an, heard and hurried to join him. Shuling mustered barely a thousand men and intended to hold the city in defense.
44
時眾軍並緣江防守，台內空虛，叔堅白太后，使太子舍人司馬申急召右衛將軍蕭摩訶，將兵至府西門。 叔陵事急，遣記室韋諒送鼓吹與摩訶，謂曰：「事捷以公為台鼎。」 摩訶紿報曰：「須王心膂節將自來，方敢從命。」 叔陵即遣戴洫、譚騏驎二人詣摩訶。 摩訶執以送台，斬於閣道下，持其首徇東城，仍懸於朱雀門。 叔陵自知不濟，遂入沈其妃張氏及寵妾七人于井中。 叔陵有部下兵先在新林，於是率人馬數百，自小航度，欲趣新林，以舟艦入北。 行至白楊路，為台軍所邀。 伯固見兵至，旋避入巷，叔陵拔刀追之，伯固復還。 叔陵部下多棄甲潰散，摩訶馬容陳智深迎刺叔陵，閹豎王飛禽斫之數十下，馬容陳仲華就斬首送台。 自寅至巳乃定。 尚書八坐奏：「請依宋世故事，流屍江中，汙瀦其室； 並毀其所生彭氏墳廟，還謝氏之塋。」 後主從所奏。 叔陵諸子，即日並賜死。
All the armies were then deployed along the river on guard, leaving the capital nearly empty. Shujian reported to the Empress Dowager and had Crown Prince's Attendant Sima Shen urgently summon Right Guard General Xiao Mohe to lead troops to the residence's west gate. Shuling, hard pressed, sent his recorder Wei Liang to bring Mohe a military band and said, "If this succeeds I shall make you chief minister. Mohe deceptively replied, "Your trusted lieutenant-general must come in person before I dare obey." Shuling immediately sent Dai Xu and Tan Qilin to Mohe. Mohe seized them and sent them to the capital, where they were beheaded beneath the covered passage. He paraded their heads through the Eastern City and then hung them at the Vermilion Bird Gate. Knowing he could not succeed, Shuling drowned his consort Lady Zhang and seven favored concubines in a well. Shuling already had troops at Xinlin. He led several hundred men and horses across the small ferry, intending to reach Xinlin and escape north by boat. When he reached Baiyang Road he was intercepted by capital troops. When Bo Gu saw troops arrive he dodged into an alley. Shuling drew his sword and pursued him, and Bo Gu turned back. Many of Shuling's followers threw off their armor and fled. Mohe's groom Chen Zhishen rushed forward and stabbed Shuling; the eunuch attendant Wang Feiqin hacked him dozens of times; and Mohe's groom Chen Zhonghua then beheaded him and sent the head to the capital. From the yin hour to the si hour order was restored. The eight ministers of the Secretariat memorialized: "We ask that, following Song dynasty precedent, the corpse be cast into the river and his residence befouled and flooded; also destroy the tomb and ancestral temple of his birth mother Lady Peng, and restore the burial mound of the Xie clan. The Last Ruler assented to the memorial. Shuling's sons were all ordered to take their own lives that same day.
45
豫章王叔英字子烈，宣帝第三子也。 寬厚仁愛。 太建元年封。 後位司空。 隋大業中，位涪陵太守，卒。
Chen Shuying, Prince of Yuzhang, styled Zilie, was Emperor Xuan's third son. He was generous, kind, and loving. He was enfeoffed in Taijian year 1. He later served as Minister of Works. Under Sui, in the Daye era, he served as prefect of Fuling and died there.
46
長沙王叔堅字子成，宣帝第四子也。 母本吳中酒家婢，相者言當生貴子。 宣帝微時，因飲通焉，生叔堅。 及貴，召拜淑儀。
Chen Shujian, Prince of Changsha, styled Zicheng, was Emperor Xuan's fourth son. His mother had originally been a serving maid in a Wu wine shop. A physiognomist said she would bear a noble son. When Emperor Xuan was still obscure he had dealings with her over wine, and she bore Shujian. When he rose to eminence he summoned her and made her Lady Shuyi.
47
叔堅少而嚴整，又頗使酒，兄弟憚之。 好數術，卜筮、風角、鎔金、琢玉，並究其妙。 初封豐城侯。 太建元年封。 累遷丹陽尹。
From youth Shujian was stern and orderly and could be violent when drunk; his brothers feared him. He loved occult arts and calculation. Divination, wind-angle astrology, metal casting, and jade carving — he pursued mastery of them all. He was first enfeoffed as Marquis of Fengcheng. He received his princely enfeoffment in Taijian year 1. He rose through successive appointments to governor of Danyang.
48
初，叔堅與始興王叔陵並招聚賓客，各爭權寵，甚不平。 每朝會鹵簿，不肯為先後，必分道而趨，左右或爭道而鬥，至有死者。 及宣帝不豫，叔堅與叔陵等並從後主侍疾。 叔陵陰有異志，叔堅疑之，微伺其所為。 及行逆，賴叔堅以免。 以功進驃騎將軍、開府儀同三司、揚州刺史。 尋遷司空，將軍、刺史如故。
At first Shujian and Shuling, Prince of Shixing, both gathered retainers. Each contended for power and favor, and ill feeling ran deep between them. At court assemblies with the imperial guard they refused to yield precedence and always took separate roads. Their attendants sometimes fought over right of way, and some were even killed. When Emperor Xuan fell ill, Shujian, Shuling, and the others attended him together with the Last Ruler. Shuling secretly harbored ulterior designs. Shujian suspected him and quietly watched his movements. When the rebellion struck, the Last Ruler owed his escape to Shujian. For his merit he was promoted to General of Flying Cavalry, given the rank of commander with staff equal to the Three Excellencies, and made governor of Yangzhou. Soon he was made Minister of Works while retaining his generalship and governorship.
49
陳亡入隋，遷於瓜州。 叔堅素貴，不知家人生產，至是與妃沈氏酣酒，不以耕種為事。 大業中，為遂寧郡守，卒。
When Chen fell he entered Sui and was relocated to Guazhou. Shujian had always lived as a noble and knew nothing of household economy. Now he and his consort Lady Shen drank their days away and paid no heed to farming. During the Daye era he served as prefect of Suining and died there.
50
建安王叔卿字子弼，宣帝第五子也。 性質直，有材器，容貌甚偉。 太建四年立。 位中書監。 陳亡入隋。 大業中，為都官郎，上黨通守。
Chen Shuqing, Prince of Jian'an, styled Zibi, was Emperor Xuan's fifth son. He was upright by nature, capable and talented, and striking in appearance. He was created in Taijian year 4. He served as Supervisor of the Secretariat. When Chen fell he entered Sui. During the Daye era he served as a bureau director in the Ministry of Justice and as Surveillance Prefect of Shangdang.
51
宜都王叔明字子昭，宣帝第六子也。 儀容美麗，舉止和柔，狀似婦人。 太建五年立。 位侍中。 陳亡入隋。 大業中，為鴻臚少卿。
Chen Shuming, Prince of Yidu, styled Zizhao, was Emperor Xuan's sixth son. He was beautiful in bearing and gentle in manner; in appearance he resembled a woman. He was created in Taijian year 5. He served as Attendant-in-Ordinary. When Chen fell he entered Sui. During the Daye era he served as Vice Director of the Directorate for Guests.
52
河東王叔獻字子恭，宣帝第九子也。 性恭謹，聰敏好學。 太建五年立。 位南徐州刺史。 薨，贈司空，諡康簡。 子孝寬嗣，隋大業中，為汶城令。
Chen Shuxian, Prince of Hedong, styled Zigong, was Emperor Xuan's ninth son. He was respectful and cautious by nature, intelligent and eager to learn. He was created in Taijian year 5. He served as governor of Southern Xu. He died and was posthumously made Minister of Works with the posthumous name Kangjian. His son Xiaokuan succeeded him. Under Sui, in the Daye era, he served as magistrate of Wencheng.
53
新蔡王叔齊字子肅，宣帝第十一子也。 風采明贍，博涉經史，善屬文。 太建七年立。 位侍中。 陳亡入隋。 大業中，為尚書主客郎。
Chen Shuqi, Prince of Xincai, styled Zisu, was Emperor Xuan's eleventh son. He was bright and imposing in presence, widely read in the classics and histories, and skilled at writing. He was created in Taijian year 7. He served as Attendant-in-Ordinary. When Chen fell he entered Sui. During the Daye era he served as Chief Clerk for Receiving Guests in the Secretariat.
54
晉熙王叔文字子才，宣帝第十二子也。 性輕險，好虛譽，頗涉書史。 太建七年立。 位都督、湘州刺史。 徵為侍中，未還而隋軍濟江，隋秦王至漢口。 時叔文自湘州還朝，至巴州，乃率巴州刺史畢寶等請降，致書于秦王。 王遣使往巴州迎勞叔文。 叔文與畢寶、荊州刺史陳慧紀及文武將吏赴漢口，秦王並厚待之。 及至京，隋文帝坐于廣陽門觀，叔文從後主至朝堂。 文帝使內史令李德林宣旨，責其君臣不能相弼，以致喪亡。 後主與其群臣並愧懼拜伏，莫能仰視，叔文獨欣然有自得志。 後上表陳在巴州先送款，望異常例。 文帝嫌其不忠，而方懷柔江表，遂授開府、宜州刺史。
Chen Shuwen, Prince of Jinxi, styled Zicai, was Emperor Xuan's twelfth son. He was frivolous and rash by nature, loved empty praise, and had read widely though not deeply. He was created in Taijian year 7. He served as commander and governor of Xiang Prefecture. He was summoned to serve as Attendant-in-Ordinary. Before he could return, Sui troops crossed the Yangtze and the Sui Prince of Qin reached Hankou. Shuwen was then returning from Xiang Prefecture to court. When he reached Bazhou he led Bazhou governor Bi Bao and others in offering surrender and sent a letter to the Prince of Qin. The Prince sent an envoy to Bazhou to welcome Shuwen. Shuwen went to Hankou with Bi Bao, Jing Prefecture governor Chen Huiji, and the civil and military officers, and the Prince of Qin treated them all generously. When they reached the capital, Emperor Wen of Sui sat at the Guangyang Gate tower. Shuwen followed the Last Ruler to the Court Hall. Emperor Wen had Internal Secretariat Director Li Delin proclaim the imperial edict, rebuking the Chen ruler and his ministers for failing to support one another and thereby bringing ruin upon the state. The Last Ruler and his ministers bowed in shame and fear, none daring to look up. Shuwen alone looked pleased, as if he thought well of himself. Later he submitted a memorial stating that he had been the first to offer allegiance at Bazhou and asking for exceptional treatment. Emperor Wen disliked his disloyalty, but as he was then conciliating the south he nevertheless appointed him commander with honorary staff and governor of Yizhou.
55
淮南王叔彪字子華，宣帝第十三子也。 少聰慧，善屬文。 太建八年立。 位侍中。 入隋，卒于長安。
Chen Shubiao, Prince of Huainan, styled Zihua, was Emperor Xuan's thirteenth son. From youth he was bright and clever and skilled at writing. He was created in Taijian year 8. He served as Attendant-in-Ordinary. He entered Sui and died at Chang'an.
56
始興王叔重字子厚，宣帝第十四子也。 性質樸，無伎藝。 宣帝崩，始興王叔陵為逆，誅，其年立叔重為始興王，以奉昭烈王后。 位江州刺史。 隋大業中，為太府少卿。
Chen Shuzhong, Prince of Shixing, styled Zihou, was Emperor Xuan's fourteenth son. He was plain and simple by nature and had no special talents. When Emperor Xuan died, Shuling, Prince of Shixing, rebelled and was executed. That same year Shuzhong was made Prince of Shixing to maintain the shrine of the late Queen Zhao Lie. He served as governor of Jiang Prefecture. Under Sui, in the Daye era, he served as Vice Director of the Directorate of the Palace Domestic.
57
尋陽王叔儼字子思，宣帝第十五子也。 性凝重，舉止方正。 後主即位立。 位侍中。 入隋卒。
Chen Shuyan, Prince of Xunyang, styled Zisi, was Emperor Xuan's fifteenth son. He was grave and steady by nature, upright and correct in bearing. He was created when the Last Ruler acceded to the throne. He served as Attendant-in-Ordinary. He entered Sui and died there.
58
岳陽王叔慎字子敬，宣帝第十六子也。 少聰敏，十歲能屬文。 太建十四年立。 至德中，為丹陽尹。 時後主尤愛文章，叔慎與衡陽王伯信、新蔡王叔齊等，日夕陪侍賦詩，恒被嗟賞。
Chen Shushen, Prince of Yueyang, styled Zijing, was Emperor Xuan's sixteenth son. From youth he was bright and quick-witted; by the age of ten he could already write. He was created in Taijian year 14. During the Zhide era he served as governor of Danyang. At that time the Last Ruler had a great passion for literature. Chen Shushen, along with Chen Boxin, Prince of Hengyang, Chen Shuqi, Prince of Xincai, and others, attended him day and night composing verse, and they were constantly praised and admired.
59
義陽王叔達字子聰，宣帝第十七子也。 太建十四年立。 位丹陽尹。 入隋，大業中，為內史舍人，絳郡通守。 武德中，位侍中，封江國公，曆禮部尚書，卒。
Chen Shuda, Prince of Yiyang, styled Zicong, was Emperor Xuan's seventeenth son. He was created in Taijian year 14. He served as governor of Danyang. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as secretary in the Palace Secretariat and as Surveillance Prefect of Jiang. During the Wude era he served as Attendant-in-Ordinary, was enfeoffed as Duke of Jiang, rose to Minister of Rites, and died.
60
巴山王叔雄字子猛，宣帝第十八子也。 太建十四年立。 入隋，卒于長安。
Chen Shuxiong, Prince of Bashan, styled Zimeng, was Emperor Xuan's eighteenth son. He was created in Taijian year 14. He entered Sui and died at Chang'an.
61
武昌王叔虞字子安，宣帝第十九子也。 太建十四年立。 入隋，大業中，為高苑令。
Chen Shuyu, Prince of Wuchang, styled Zian, was Emperor Xuan's nineteenth son. He was created in Taijian year 14. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as magistrate of Gaoyuan.
62
湘東王叔平字子康，宣帝第二十子也。 至德元年立。 入隋，大業中，為胡蘇令。
Chen Shuping, Prince of Xiangdong, styled Zikang, was Emperor Xuan's twentieth son. He was created in Zhide year 1. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as magistrate of Husu.
63
臨賀王叔敖字子仁，宣帝第二十一子也。 至德元年立。 入隋，大業中，位儀同三司。
Chen Shuao, Prince of Linhe, styled Ziren, was Emperor Xuan's twenty-first son. He was created in Zhide year 1. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he was given the honorary rank of the Three Excellencies.
64
陽山王叔宣字子通，宣帝第二十二子也。 至德元年立。 入隋，大業中，為涇城令。
Chen Shuxuan, Prince of Yangshan, styled Zitong, was Emperor Xuan's twenty-second son. He was created in Zhide year 1. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as magistrate of Jingcheng.
65
西陽王叔穆字子和，宣帝第二十三子也。 至德元年立。 入隋，卒于長安。
Chen Shumu, Prince of Xiyang, styled Zihe, was Emperor Xuan's twenty-third son. He was created in Zhide year 1. He entered Sui and died at Chang'an.
66
南安王叔儉字子約，宣帝第二十四子也。 至德元年立。 入隋，卒于長安。
Chen Shujian, Prince of Nan'an, styled Ziyue, was Emperor Xuan's twenty-fourth son. He was created in Zhide year 1. He entered Sui and died at Chang'an.
67
南郡王叔澄字子泉，宣帝第二十五子也。 至德元年立。 入隋，大業中，為靈武令。
Chen Shucheng, Prince of Nanjun, styled Ziquan, was Emperor Xuan's twenty-fifth son. He was created in Zhide year 1. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as magistrate of Lingwu.
68
沅陵王叔興字子推，宣帝第二十六子也。 至德元年立。 入隋，大業中，為給事郎。
Chen Shuxing, Prince of Yuanling, styled Zitui, was Emperor Xuan's twenty-sixth son. He was created in Zhide year 1. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as an Attending Gentleman.
69
岳山王叔韶字子欽，宣帝第二十七子也。 至德元年立。 位丹陽尹。 入隋，卒于長安。
Chen Shushao, Prince of Yueshan, styled Ziqin, was Emperor Xuan's twenty-seventh son. He was created in Zhide year 1. He served as governor of Danyang. He entered Sui and died at Chang'an.
70
新興王叔純字子洪，宣帝第二十八子也。 至德元年立。 入隋，大業中為河北令。
Chen Shuchun, Prince of Xinxing, styled Zihong, was Emperor Xuan's twenty-eighth son. He was created in Zhide year 1. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as magistrate of Hebei.
71
巴東王叔謨字子軌，宣帝第二十九子也。 至德四年立。 入隋，大業中，為汧陽令。
Chen Shumo, Prince of Badong, styled Zigui, was Emperor Xuan's twenty-ninth son. He was created in Zhide year 4. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as magistrate of Qianyang.
72
臨海王叔顯字子亮，宣帝第三十子也。 至德四年立。 入隋，大業中，為鶉觚令。
Chen Shuxian, Prince of Linhai, styled Ziliang, was Emperor Xuan's thirtieth son. He was created in Zhide year 4. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as magistrate of Chun'a.
73
新會王叔坦字子開，宣帝第三十一子也。 至德四年立。 入隋，大業中，為涉縣令。
Chen Shutan, Prince of Xinhui, styled Zikai, was Emperor Xuan's thirty-first son. He was created in Zhide year 4. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as magistrate of She.
74
新甯王叔隆字子遠，宣帝第三十二子也。 至德四年立。 入隋，卒于長安。
Chen Shulong, Prince of Xinning, styled Ziyuan, was Emperor Xuan's thirty-second son. He was created in Zhide year 4. He entered Sui and died at Chang'an.
75
新昌王叔榮字子徹，宣帝第三十三子也。 禎明二年立。 入隋，大業中，為內黃令。
Chen Shurong, Prince of Xinchang, styled Ziche, was Emperor Xuan's thirty-third son. He was created in Zhenming year 2. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as magistrate of Neihuang.
76
太原王叔匡字子佐，宣帝第三十四子也。 禎明二年立。 入隋，大業中，為壽光令。
Chen Shukuang, Prince of Taiyuan, styled Zizuo, was Emperor Xuan's thirty-fourth son. He was created in Zhenming year 2. After entering Sui, during the Daye era he served as magistrate of Shouguang.
77
後主二十二男：張貴妃生太子深、會稽王莊。 孫姬生吳興王胤。 高昭儀生南平王嶷。 呂淑媛生永嘉王彥、邵陵王兢。 龔貴嬪生南海王虔、錢唐王恬。 張淑華生信義王祗。 徐淑儀生東陽王恮。 孔貴人生吳郡王藩。 其皇子總、觀、明、綱、統、沖、洽、絛、綽、威、辯十一人，並未及封。
The Last Ruler had twenty-two sons. Consort Zhang the Honored bore the crown prince Shen and Chen Zhuang, Prince of Kuaiji. Lady Sun bore Chen Yin, Prince of Wuxing. Lady Gao the Brilliant Consort bore Chen Ni, Prince of Nanping. Lady Lü the Gentle and Fair bore Chen Yan, Prince of Yongjia, and Chen Jing, Prince of Shaoling. Honored Consort Gong bore Chen Qian, Prince of Nanhai, and Chen Tian, Prince of Qiantang. Zhang Shuhua bore Chen Zhi, Prince of Xinyi. Lady Xu the Gentle Consort bore Chen Quan, Prince of Dongyang. Honored Consort Kong bore Chen Fan, Prince of Wu. Eleven other imperial sons—Zong, Guan, Ming, Gang, Tong, Chong, Qia, Tiao, Chuo, Wei, and Bian—had not yet been enfeoffed.
78
太子深字承源，後主第四子也。 少聰慧，有志操，容止儼然，左右近侍，未嘗見其喜慍。 以母張貴妃故，特為後主所愛。 至德元年，封始安王。 位揚州刺史。 禎明二年，皇太子胤廢，後主乃立深為皇太子。 隋師濟江，隋將韓擒自南掖門入，百僚奔散，深時年十餘歲，閉合而坐，舍人孔伯魚侍。 隋軍排合入，深使宣令勞之曰：「軍旅在道，不乃勞也！」 軍人咸致敬焉。 隋大業中，為枹罕太守。 武德初，為秘書丞，卒官。
Chen Shen, the crown prince, styled Chengyuan, was the Last Ruler's fourth son. From youth he was bright and clever, ambitious and upright; his bearing was always dignified, and those who attended him never saw him show pleasure or anger. Because his mother was Consort Zhang the Honored, he was especially beloved by the Last Ruler. In Zhide year 1 he was created Prince of Shi'an. He served as governor of Yangzhou. In Zhenming year 2, when Crown Prince Yin was deposed, the Last Ruler installed Shen as crown prince. When Sui forces crossed the Yangzi and the Sui general Han Qin entered through the Southern Flank Gate, the officials all fled. Shen was then just over ten years old; he shut the doors and sat calmly, with Gentleman-Attendant Kong Boyu in attendance. When the Sui soldiers forced their way in, Shen had an order issued to greet them, saying, "You soldiers have been on the march—you must be exhausted!" The soldiers all paid him their respect. Under Sui, in the Daye era, he served as prefect of Baohan. In the early Wude era he served as secretary of the Palace Library and died in office.
79
吳興王胤字承業，後主長子也。 太建五年二月乙丑，生於東宮。 母孫姬，因產卒，沈皇后哀而養之，以為己子。 後主年長未有嗣，宣帝命以為嫡孫，詔為父後者賜爵一級。 十年，封永康公。 後主即位，為皇太子。
Chen Yin, Prince of Wuxing, styled Chengye, was the Last Ruler's eldest son. He was born in the Eastern Palace on the yichou day of the second month of Taijian year 5. His mother was Lady Sun, who died in childbirth. Empress Shen took pity on him and raised him as her own son. The Last Ruler was already grown but had no son, so Emperor Xuan ordered that Yin be designated the legitimate grandson. A decree granted one rank of nobility to the one who would succeed as heir. In year 10 he was created Duke of Yongkang. When the Last Ruler acceded to the throne, he was made crown prince.
80
胤性聰敏好學，執經肄業，終日不倦，博通大義，兼善屬文。 時張貴妃、孔貴嬪並愛幸，沈皇后無寵，日夜構成後及太子之短。 孔范之徒，又于外合成其事。 禎明二年，廢為吳興王，加侍中、中衛將軍。 入隋，卒于長安。
Yin was bright, clever, and devoted to learning; he studied the classics tirelessly from morning to night, mastered their essential doctrines, and was also skilled at writing. At that time Consort Zhang the Honored and Honored Consort Kong both enjoyed the Last Ruler's favor, while Empress Shen had fallen from grace. Day and night they spread slanders against the empress and the crown prince. Kong Fan and his faction worked from outside to bring the plot to fruition. In Zhenming year 2 he was deposed from the crown princeate and created Prince of Wuxing, with the additional titles of Attendant-in-Ordinary and General of the Central Guard. He entered Sui and died at Chang'an.
81
南平王嶷字承嶽，後主第二子也。 方正有器局，年數歲，風采舉動，有若成人。 至德元年立。 位揚州刺史。 遷都督、郢州刺史。 入隋，卒于長安。
Chen Ni, Prince of Nanping, styled Chengyue, was the Last Ruler's second son. Upright and substantial in character, he showed the poise and bearing of an adult even as a small child. He was created in Zhide year 1. He served as governor of Yangzhou. He was transferred to serve as commander-in-chief and governor of Ying. He entered Sui and died at Chang'an.
82
永嘉王彥字承懿，後主第三子也。 至德元年立。 位都督、江州刺史。 入隋，大業中，為襄武令。
Chen Yan, Prince of Yongjia, styled Chengyi, was the Last Ruler's third son. He was created in Zhide year 1. He served as regional commander and governor of Jiang. After Chen fell he entered Sui service and, in the Daye era, served as magistrate of Xiangwu.
83
南海王虔字承恪，後主第五子也。 至德元年立。 位南徐州刺史。 入隋，大業中，為涿令。
Chen Qian, Prince of Nanhai, whose style was Chengke, was the Last Ruler's fifth son. He was created in Zhide year 1. He served as governor of South Xu. After Chen fell he entered Sui service and, in the Daye era, served as magistrate of Zhuo.
84
信義王祗字承敬，後主第六子也。 至德元年立。 位琅邪、彭城二郡太守。 入隋，大業中，為通議郎。 邵陵王兢字承檢，後主第七子也。 禎明元年立。 入隋，大業中，為國子監丞。
Chen Zhi, Prince of Xinyi, whose style was Chengjing, was the Last Ruler's sixth son. He was created in Zhide year 1. He served as governor of both Langye and Pengcheng. After Chen fell he entered Sui service and, in the Daye era, served as gentleman for deliberation. Chen Jing, Prince of Shaoling, whose style was Chengjian, was the Last Ruler's seventh son. He was created in Zhenming year 1. After Chen fell he entered Sui service and, in the Daye era, served as assistant director of the Imperial University.
85
會稽王莊字承肅，後主第八子也。 容貌蕞陋。 性嚴酷，數歲時，左右有不如意，輒剟刺其面，或加燒爇。 性嗜酒，愛博。 以母張貴妃寵，後主甚愛之。 至德四年立。 位揚州刺史。 入隋，大業中，為昌隆令。
Chen Zhuang, Prince of Kuaiji, whose style was Chengsu, was the Last Ruler's eighth son. He was remarkably plain in appearance. He was harsh and cruel by nature. Even as a small child, if attendants displeased him he would slash their faces or burn them. He loved wine and was devoted to gambling. Because his mother, Honored Consort Zhang, was a favorite, the Last Ruler doted on him. He was created in Zhide year 4. He served as governor of Yang. After Chen fell he entered Sui service and, in the Daye era, served as magistrate of Changlong.
86
東陽王恮字承厚，後主第九子也。 禎明二年立。 入隋，大業中，為通議郎。
Chen Qu, Prince of Dongyang, whose style was Chenghou, was the Last Ruler's ninth son. He was created in Zhenming year 2. After Chen fell he entered Sui service and, in the Daye era, served as gentleman for deliberation.
87
吳郡王藩字承廣，後主第十子也。 禎明二年封。 隋大業中，為任城令。
Chen Fan, Prince of Wu, whose style was Chengguang, was the Last Ruler's tenth son. He was enfeoffed in Zhenming year 2. In the Sui Daye era he served as magistrate of Rencheng.
88
錢唐王恬字承惔，後主第十一子也。 禎明二年封。 入隋，卒于長安。
Chen Tian, Prince of Qiantang, whose style was Chengdan, was the Last Ruler's eleventh son. He was enfeoffed in Zhenming year 2. He entered Sui and died at Chang'an.
89
江左承西晉，諸王開國，並以戶數相差為大小三品。 大國置上、中、下三將軍，又置司馬一人。 次國置中、下二將軍。 小國置將軍一人。 餘官亦准此為差。 武帝受命，自永定訖於禎明，唯衡陽王昌特加禮命，至五千戶，自餘大國不過二千，小國則千戶云。
The southern regimes inherited from Western Jin the system of princely fiefs, ranked large, medium, and small according to the number of households allotted. A large fief had three generals—upper, middle, and lower—and one marshal. A medium fief had middle and lower generals. A small fief had a single general. Other offices were scaled to the same pattern. From Emperor Wu's accession through the Yongding and Zhenming eras, only Prince Chang of Hengyang received exceptional honors—a fief of five thousand households. Other large fiefs were capped at two thousand households, and small ones at one thousand.
90
論曰：有陳受命，雖疆土日蹙，然封建之典，無革先王。 永修等並以疏屬列居蕃屏，慧紀始終之跡，其殆優乎。 衡陽、南康，地皆懿戚，提攜以殞，惟命也夫！ 文、宣二帝，諸子不一，鄱陽、岳陽風跡可紀，古所謂維城磐石，叔慎其近之乎。
The appraisal says: When Chen received the Mandate, its territory steadily shrank, yet it did not abandon the enfeoffment institutions of earlier dynasties. Ni of Yongxiu and the other distant kinsmen were posted as princely bulwarks on the frontiers. In the full arc of Huiji's career, was he not perhaps the finest example? Hengyang and Nankang were both close imperial kin; both were led off to die—such was fate alone! Among the sons of Emperors Wen and Xuan, quality varied widely, yet the records of Poyang and Yueyang are worth preserving. In the ancient phrase about bulwark princes and bedrock kin, did Shushen perhaps come closest?