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列傳第五十七
Biographies 57
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胡穎徐度杜棱周鐵武程靈洗沈恪陸子隆錢道戢駱文牙孫瑒徐世譜周敷荀朗周炅魯悉達蕭摩訶任忠樊毅
Hu Ying, Xu Du, Du Leng, Zhou Tiewu, Cheng Lingxi, Shen Ke, Lu Zilong, Qian Daoji, Luo Wenya, Sun Yang, Xu Shipu, Zhou Fu, Xun Lang, Zhou Jiong, Lu Xida, Xiao Mohe, Ren Zhong, and Fan Yi
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梁承聖初，元帝授穎羅州刺史，封漢陽縣侯。 尋除豫章內史，隨武帝鎮京口。 齊遣郭元建出東關，武帝令穎率府內驍勇隨侯瑱，于東關大破之。 後從武帝襲王僧辯，又隨周文育于吳興討杜龕。 武帝受禪，兼左衛將軍。
Early in the Liang era Chengsheng, Emperor Yuan appointed Hu Ying governor of Luozhou and created him Marquis of Hanyang. He was soon made interior minister of Yuzhang and accompanied Chen Wudi when the latter took up his post at Jingkou. When Northern Qi sent Guo Yuanjian through Dong Pass, Chen Wudi had Hu Ying lead the garrison’s best troops with Hou Tian and inflict a crushing defeat on the enemy at the pass. He later joined Chen Wudi in the coup against Wang Sengbian and followed Zhou Wenyü to Wuxing in the campaign against Du Kan. When Chen Wudi took the throne, Hu Ying was also appointed general of the left guard.
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天嘉元年，除散騎常侍，吳興太守。 卒官，諡曰壯。 二年，配享武帝廟庭。 子六同嗣。
In the first year of Tiancheng (560), he was made regular attendant of the scattered cavalry and governor of Wuxing. He died in office and was given the posthumous name Zhuang (“Stalwart”). In the second year he was given a place in the sacrifices at Chen Wudi’s temple. His son Liutong inherited his title.
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徐度字孝節，安陸人也。 少倜儻，不拘小節。 及長，姿貌瑰偉，嗜酒好博，恒使僮僕屠酤為事。
Xu Du, courtesy name Xiaojie, was from Anlu. As a youth he was bold and free-spirited, caring little for petty conventions. Grown to manhood, he was striking in appearance, fond of wine and gambling, and regularly had his servants run a butcher shop and tavern.
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初從梁始興內史蕭介征諸山洞，以驍勇聞。 陳武帝征交址，乃委質焉。 侯景之亂，武帝克廣州，平蔡路養，破李遷仕，計畫多出於度。 侯景平後，追錄前後戰功，封廣德縣侯。
He first served under Xiao Jie, interior minister of Shixing under the Liang, in campaigns against the hill tribes and won a reputation for martial prowess. When Chen Wudi campaigned in Jiaozhi, Xu Du submitted to him. During Hou Jing’s rebellion, Chen Wudi’s capture of Guangzhou and victories over Cai Luyang and Li Qianshi owed much to Xu Du’s planning. After Hou Jing’s defeat, his past and recent military achievements were recognized and he was created Marquis of Guangde.
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武帝鎮朱方，除蘭陵太守。 武帝遣衡陽獻王往荊州，度率所領從焉。 江陵覆亡，間行東歸。
When Chen Wudi held Zhufang, Xu Du was appointed governor of Lanling. When Chen Wudi sent the Prince of Hengyang to Jingzhou, Xu Du led his command and went with him. After the fall of Jiangling he made his way back east by hidden routes.
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武帝東討杜龕，奉敬帝幸京口，以度領宿衛，並知留府事。 徐嗣徽、任約等來寇，武帝與敬帝還都，時賊已據石頭，使度頓軍於冶城寺。 明年，嗣徽等又引齊寇濟江，度隨眾軍破之於北郊壇。 以功除郢州刺史，兼領吳興太守。
When Chen Wudi marched east against Du Kan and escorted Emperor Jing to Jingkou, Xu Du commanded the palace guard and managed affairs at the capital in the emperor’s absence. When Xu Sihui and Ren Yue attacked, Chen Wudi and Emperor Jing returned to the capital; the rebels already held Stone City, and Xu Du was ordered to encamp at Yecheng Temple. The following year Sihui again brought Qi forces across the Yangzi; Xu Du joined the main army in defeating them at the North Suburban Altar. For these achievements he was made governor of Yingzhou and also held Wuxing.
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文帝即位，累遷侍中、中撫將軍、開府儀同三司，進爵為公。 天嘉元年，以平王琳功，改封湘東郡公。 及太尉侯瑱薨於湘州，以度代瑱為都督、湘州刺史。 秩滿，復為侍中、中軍大將軍。 文帝崩，度預顧命，許以甲仗五十人入殿省。 廢帝即位，進位司空。 薨，贈太尉，諡曰忠肅。 太建四年，配享武帝廟庭。 子敬成嗣。
Under Emperor Wen he rose to palace attendant, general who pacifies the center, and grand master with golden tally equal to the three excellencies with an open office, and was advanced to duke. In the first year of Tiancheng (560), for his role in defeating Wang Lin, he was created Duke of Xiangdong. When Grand Marshal Hou Tian died in Xiangzhou, Xu Du succeeded him as area commander and governor of Xiangzhou. When his term ended he returned to court as palace attendant and grand general of the central army. On Emperor Wen’s deathbed Xu Du was named to the regency council and allowed fifty armed guards in the palace. When Emperor Fei acceded, Xu Du was promoted to minister of works. He died and was posthumously made grand marshal with the posthumous name Zhongsu (“Loyal and Solemn”). In the fourth year of Taijian (572) he was given a place in the sacrifices at Chen Wudi’s temple. His son Jingcheng inherited his title.
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敬成幼聰慧，好讀書。 起家著作佐郎。 永定元年，領度所部士卒，隨周文育、侯安都征王琳，於沌口敗績，為琳所縶。 二年，隨文育、安都得歸。 父度為吳郡太守，以敬成監郡。
Jingcheng was clever as a child and loved to read. He began his career as assistant gentleman of the secretariat. In the first year of Yongding (557) he led his father’s troops with Zhou Wenyü and Hou Andu against Wang Lin, was defeated at Dundu, and taken prisoner. The next year he returned with Zhou Wenyü and Hou Andu. When his father became governor of Wu, Jingcheng was appointed to supervise the commandery in his stead.
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光大元年，為巴州刺史。 尋為水軍，隨吳明徹平華皎。 二年，以父憂去職。 尋起為南豫州刺史，襲爵湘東郡公。
In the first year of Guangda (567) he was made governor of Ba. He soon joined the navy under Wu Mingche in the campaign against Hua Jiao. In the second year he left office to observe mourning for his father. He was soon recalled as governor of South Yu and inherited the dukedom of Xiangdong.
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太建五年，除吳興太守。 隨都督吳明徹北討，出秦郡，別遣敬成為都督，乘金翅自歐陽引埭泝江，由廣陵，齊人皆城守，弗敢出。 自繁梁湖下淮，克淮陰、山陽、鹽城三郡，仍進克鬱洲。 進號壯武將軍，鎮朐山。 坐於軍中輒科訂，並誅新附者，免官。 尋除安州刺史，鎮宿預。 卒，諡曰思。 子敞嗣。
In the fifth year of Taijian (573) he was made governor of Wuxing. He joined Wu Mingche’s northern campaign; detached as a separate commander, he sailed the Golden Wings upstream from Ouyangyin Dam through Guangling while the Qi garrisons held their walls and dared not sally forth. From Fanliang Lake he descended the Huai, took Huaiyin, Shanyang, and Yancheng, and then captured Yuzhou. He was promoted to general of stalwart martiality and stationed at Qushan. He was dismissed for arbitrarily imposing fines in camp and executing newly submitted troops. He was soon made governor of An and stationed at Suyu. He died and was given the posthumous name Si (“Reflective”). His son Chang inherited his title.
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杜棱字雄盛，吳郡錢唐人也。 少落泊，不為時知。 頗涉書傳。 游嶺南，事梁廣州刺史新渝侯蕭映。 映卒，從陳武帝，平蔡路養、李遷仕皆有功。 梁元帝承制，授石州刺史、上陌縣侯。
Du Leng, courtesy name Xiongsheng, was from Qiantang in Wu. In youth he was obscure and went unnoticed. He had read widely in the classics and histories. He went south to Lingnan and entered the service of Xiao Ying, Marquis of Xinyü and governor of Guangzhou under the Liang. After Xiao Ying’s death he followed Chen Wudi and distinguished himself in the campaigns against Cai Luyang and Li Qianshi. Emperor Yuan of Liang appointed him governor of Shi and Marquis of Shangmo.
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侯景平後，武帝鎮朱方，以棱監義興、琅邪二郡。 武帝謀誅王僧辯，引棱與侯安都等共議，棱難之。 武帝懼其泄己，乃以手巾絞棱，棱悶絕於地，因閉於別室。 軍發，召與同行。 及僧辯平後，武帝東征杜龕等，留棱與安都居守。 徐嗣徽、任約引齊師濟江，攻台城，安都與棱隨方抗拒，未嘗解帶。 賊平，以功除右衛將軍、丹陽尹。
After Hou Jing’s defeat, when Chen Wudi held Zhufang, Du Leng was put in charge of Yixing and Langye. When Chen Wudi plotted to kill Wang Sengbian, he consulted Du Leng and Hou Andu among others; Du Leng objected. Fearing Du Leng would betray the plot, Chen Wudi throttled him with a towel until he collapsed, then locked him in a side room. When the army marched, he was brought along under guard. After Wang Sengbian’s death Chen Wudi marched east against Du Kan, leaving Du Leng and Hou Andu to defend the capital. When Xu Sihui and Ren Yue brought Qi forces across the Yangzi to attack the capital, Hou Andu and Du Leng held the defenses day and night without rest. After the rebels were defeated he was made general of the right guard and intendant of Danyang.
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棱曆事三帝，並見恩寵。 末年不預征役，優遊都下。 頃之，卒於官。 贈開府儀同三司，諡曰成，配享武帝廟庭。 子安世嗣。
Du Leng served three emperors and enjoyed favor at each court. In his last years he was excused from campaigns and lived at ease in the capital. He soon died in office. He was posthumously made grand master with golden tally equal to the three excellencies with an open office, given the posthumous name Cheng (“Accomplished”), and granted a place in the sacrifices at Chen Wudi’s temple. His son Anshi inherited his title.
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周鐵武，不知何許人也。 語音傖重，膂力過人，便馬槊。 事梁河東王蕭譽，以勇敢聞。 譽為湘州，以為臨蒸令。 侯景之亂，梁元帝遣世子方等伐譽，譽拒戰，大捷，方等死，鐵武功最。 及王僧辯討譽，於陣獲之，將烹焉，鐵武呼曰：「侯景未滅，奈何殺壯士！」 僧辯奇其言，宥之，還其麾下。 及侯景西上，鐵武從僧辯克任約，獲宋子仙，每戰有功。 元帝承制，授潼州刺史，封沌陽縣子。 又從僧辯定建鄴，降謝答仁，平陸納於湘州，錄前後功，進爵為侯。
Zhou Tiewu was of unknown origin. He spoke with a heavy northern accent, possessed extraordinary strength, and was expert with horse and lance. He served Xiao Yu, Prince of Hedong under the Liang, and won fame for bravery. When Xiao Yu governed Xiangzhou he appointed Zhou Tiewu magistrate of Linzheng. During Hou Jing’s rebellion Emperor Yuan of Liang sent his heir Fangdeng against Xiao Yu; Yu routed the imperial army and killed Fangdeng, and Zhou Tiewu’s exploits were foremost. When Wang Sengbian attacked Xiao Yu, Zhou Tiewu was captured and about to be executed; he cried out, "Hou Jing is not yet destroyed—why kill a brave man! Wang Sengbian was impressed, spared him, and restored him to his command. When Hou Jing marched west, Zhou Tiewu followed Wang Sengbian in defeating Ren Yue and capturing Song Zixian, distinguishing himself in every battle. Emperor Yuan appointed him governor of Tong and created him Viscount of Dunyang. He followed Wang Sengbian in taking Jiankang, accepting Xie Daren’s surrender and defeating Lu Na in Xiangzhou, and was advanced to marquis for his cumulative service.
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陳武帝誅僧辯，鐵武率所部降，因復其本職。 徐嗣徽引齊寇度江，鐵武破其水軍。 嗣徽平，遷太子左衛率。 尋隨周文育拒蕭勃，文育命鐵武偏軍襲勃，禽勃前軍歐陽頠。 又隨文育西征王琳於沌口，敗績，與文育、侯安都並為琳所禽。 琳見諸將與語，唯鐵武辭氣不屈，故琳盡宥文育之徒，獨鐵武見害。 贈侍中、護軍。 天嘉五年，文帝又詔配食武帝廟庭。 子瑜嗣。 程靈洗字玄滌，新安海寧人也。 少以勇力聞，步行日二百里，便騎善遊，素為鄉里畏伏。 侯景之亂，據黟、歙聚徒以拒景。 景軍據有新安，新安太守湘西鄉侯蕭隱奔依靈洗，靈洗奉以主盟。 梁元帝授靈洗譙州刺史資，領新安太守，封巴丘縣侯。 後助王僧辯鎮防。
When Chen Wudi killed Wang Sengbian, Zhou Tiewu surrendered with his troops and was restored to his former rank. When Xu Sihui brought Qi forces across the Yangzi, Zhou Tiewu routed their fleet. After Xu Sihui’s defeat he was made colonel of the left guard of the heir apparent. He soon joined Zhou Wenyü against Xiao Bo; sent with a detached force, he captured Bo’s vanguard Ouyang Yi. He joined Zhou Wenyü’s western campaign against Wang Lin at Dundu, was defeated, and was captured along with Zhou Wenyü and Hou Andu. Wang Lin spoke with the captured generals; only Zhou Tiewu answered defiantly, so Lin spared the others but executed Zhou Tiewu alone. He was posthumously made palace attendant and protector of the army. In the fifth year of Tiancheng (564) Emperor Wen again granted him a place in the sacrifices at Chen Wudi’s temple. His son Yu inherited his title. Cheng Lingxi, courtesy name Xuandi, was from Haining in Xin’an. Known from youth for strength and daring, he could walk two hundred li in a day, was expert rider and swimmer, and was feared throughout his district. During Hou Jing’s rebellion he held Yi and She and raised a force to resist him. When Hou Jing’s troops took Xin’an, the governor Xiao Yin, Marquis of Xiangxi, fled to Cheng Lingxi, who accepted him as leader of the resistance. Emperor Yuan of Liang appointed him governor of Qiao with the salary of that office, made him acting governor of Xin’an, and created him Marquis of Baqiu. He later assisted Wang Sengbian in garrison duty.
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及武帝誅僧辯，靈洗率所領來援，其夜力戰於石頭西門，武帝軍不利，遣使招喻，久之乃降，帝深義之。 授蘭陵太守，仍助防京口。 及平徐嗣徽，靈洗有功，除南丹陽太守，封遂安縣侯。 後隨周文育西討王琳，軍敗，為琳所拘。 尋與侯安都等逃歸。 累遷太子左衛率。
When Chen Wudi killed Wang Sengbian, Cheng Lingxi marched to his relief and fought fiercely at the west gate of Stone City that night; when Chen’s forces faltered, envoys were sent to negotiate, and after prolonged talks Cheng Lingxi surrendered, which Chen Wudi deeply respected. He was made governor of Lanling and continued to help defend Jingkou. For his role in defeating Xu Sihui he was made governor of South Danyang and Marquis of Suian. He later joined Zhou Wenyü’s campaign against Wang Lin in the west, was defeated, and taken prisoner. He soon escaped and returned with Hou Andu and the others. He rose to colonel of the left guard of the heir apparent.
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武帝崩，王琳前軍東下，靈洗于南陵破之，虜其兵士，並獲青龍十餘乘。 以功授都督、南豫州刺史。 侯瑱等敗王琳於柵口，靈洗逐北，據有魯山。 徵為左衛將軍。 天嘉四年，周迪重寇臨川，以靈洗為都督，自鄱陽別道擊之，迪又走山谷間。 遷中護軍，出為都督、郢州刺史。
After Chen Wudi's death, Wang Lin's vanguard marched east. Cheng Lingxi routed them at Nanling, took their soldiers prisoner, and captured more than a dozen Green Dragon war chariots as well. For this achievement he was made area commander and governor of South Yu. When Hou Tian and his colleagues defeated Wang Lin at Shankou, Cheng Lingxi pursued the broken army and took Lushan. He was recalled to court as general of the left guard. In the fourth year of Tiancheng (563), Zhou Di again invaded Linchuan. Cheng Lingxi was appointed area commander and struck at him by a detour from Poyang, driving Zhou Di back into the hills. He was promoted to central protector of the army, then sent out as area commander and governor of Ying.
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廢帝即位，進號雲麾將軍。 華皎之反，遣使招靈洗，靈洗斬皎使以聞。 朝廷深嘉其忠，因推心待之，使其子文季領水軍助防。 時周將元定率步騎二萬助皎，圍靈洗，靈洗嬰城固守。 及皎敗，乃出軍躡定，定不獲濟江，以其眾降。 因進攻，克周沔州，禽其刺史裴寬。 以功改封重安縣公。
When Emperor Fei came to the throne, Cheng Lingxi's rank was raised to general of the clouded banners. During Hua Jiao's rebellion, Jiao sent messengers to win Cheng Lingxi over. Cheng Lingxi beheaded the envoys and reported the matter to the throne. The court greatly admired his loyalty and treated him with unreserved trust, assigning his son Wenji to command the river fleet in the city's defense. The Northern Zhou general Yuan Ding then arrived with twenty thousand foot and horse to support Jiao and laid siege to Cheng Lingxi, who shut the gates and held the city. After Jiao's defeat, Cheng Lingxi sallied forth in pursuit of Yuan Ding. Unable to cross the Yangzi, Ding surrendered with his entire force. Pressing on, he captured Mian Prefecture from Zhou and took its governor, Pei Kuan, alive. For these services his fief was changed to Duke of Chong'an.
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靈洗性嚴急，禦下甚苛刻，士卒有小罪，必以軍法誅之。 號令分明，與士卒同甘苦，眾亦以此德之。 性好播植，躬勤耕稼，至於水陸所宜，刈獲早晚，雖老農不能及也。 妓妾無遊手，並督之紡績。 至於散用貲財，亦弗儉吝。 卒，贈鎮西將軍、開府儀同三司，諡曰忠壯。 太建四年，配享武帝廟庭。 子文季嗣。 文季字少卿，幼習騎射，多幹略，果決有父風。 靈洗與周文育、侯安都等敗於沌口，為王琳所執，武帝召陷賊諸將子弟厚遇之，文季最有禮容，深見賞。
Cheng Lingxi was severe and impatient by nature. Toward those under his command he was unsparing: the smallest breach of discipline was punished by death under military law. Yet his commands were clear, and he shared every hardship with his troops; for this the men held him in genuine esteem. He loved sowing and planting and worked the fields himself. In knowing what to grow on wet or dry ground, and when to reap, he surpassed even the oldest farmers. None of his concubines or attendants was permitted to idle; he set them all to spinning and weaving under his eye. When it came to dispensing money and goods, he was no less generous. At his death he was posthumously made general who pacifies the west and grand master with golden tally equal to the three excellencies, with the posthumous name Zhongzhuang ("Loyal and Stalwart"). In the fourth year of Taijian (572) he was given a place in the sacrifices at Chen Wudi's temple. His son Wenji inherited his rank. Wenji, courtesy name Shaoqing, had trained in horsemanship and archery from boyhood. He was resourceful and resolute, bearing his father's stamp. When Cheng Lingxi, Zhou Wenyü, Hou Andu, and the rest were defeated at Dundu and taken by Wang Lin, Chen Wudi summoned the sons of the captured generals and treated them with special kindness. Wenji, the most courteous and composed among them, won his particular favor.
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文帝嗣位，除宣惠始興王府限內中直兵參軍。 累遷臨海太守。 後乘金翅助父鎮郢城。 華皎平，靈洗及文季並有扞禦之功。 及靈洗卒，文季盡領其眾。 起為超武將軍，仍助防郢州。
When Emperor Wen succeeded to the throne, Wenji was appointed military attendant of the interior guard within the household of Xuanhui, Prince of Shixing. He rose in due course to governor of Linhai. Later he sailed the warship Golden Wings to help his father hold Ying. When Hua Jiao was put down, both Cheng Lingxi and Wenji were credited with distinguished service in the defense. After Cheng Lingxi's death, Wenji assumed full command of his troops. He was raised to general of superlative martial prowess and continued to assist in the defense of Ying.
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文季性至孝，雖軍旅奪禮，而毀瘠甚至。 服闋，襲封重安縣公。 隨都督章昭達率軍往荊州征梁。 梁人與周軍多造舟艦，置於青泥水中，昭達遣文季共錢道戢盡焚其舟艦。 既而周兵大出，文季僅以身免。 以功加通直散騎常侍。
Wenji was profoundly filial. Though camp and campaign had torn him from the rites of mourning, he wasted away in grief to an alarming degree. When his mourning was complete, he succeeded to the dukedom of Chong'an. He followed area commander Zhang Zhaoda at the head of an army into Jingzhou to campaign against Liang. The Liang and Zhou armies had built a great fleet and anchored it in the Qingni waters. Zhang Zhaoda dispatched Wenji, together with Qian Daoji, to burn every vessel. The Zhou armies then poured out in strength, and Wenji barely escaped with his life. For this service he was further made regular attendant of unimpeded directness.
24
太建五年，都督吳明徹北討，至秦郡。 秦郡前江浦通塗水，齊人並下大柱為杙，柵水中。 文季乃前領驍勇，拔開其柵，明徹率大軍自後而至，攻克秦郡。 又別遣文季攻涇州，屠其城。 進拔盱眙。 仍隨明徹圍壽陽。 文季臨事謹飭，禦下嚴整，前後所克城壘，率皆迮水為堰，土木之功，動踰數萬。 置陣役人，文季必先于諸將，夜則早起，迄暮不休，軍中莫不服其勤幹。 每戰為前鋒，齊軍深憚之，謂為程彪。 以功除散騎常侍，帶新安內史。 累遷北徐州刺史，加都督。
In the fifth year of Taijian (573), area commander Wu Mingche marched north on campaign and reached Qin Commandery. Before Qin Commandery the Jiangpu joined the Tushui, where the Qi had sunk great pillars as stakes and barred the channel. Wenji led the elite vanguard forward, broke through the barrier, and Wu Mingche brought up the main force from behind to take Qin Commandery. He also sent Wenji separately against Jing Prefecture, which was taken and put to the sword. He pressed on and captured Xuyi. He then joined Wu Mingche in the siege of Shouyang. Wenji was meticulous in action and strict with his men. In every fortress he took, he habitually built earth-and-water dams; the earthworks and timber required routinely ran to tens of thousands of man-days. Whenever troops were levied for entrenchment and siege work, Wenji always outpaced the other commanders—up before dawn and laboring without pause until nightfall. The whole army marveled at his industry. In every fight he led the van. The Qi feared him deeply and nicknamed him "Cheng the Tiger." For his merit he was made regular attendant of the scattered cavalry and concurrently interior minister of Xin'an. He was promoted in turn to governor of North Xu and given the additional title of area commander.
25
後隨明徹北侵，軍敗，為周所囚，仍授開府儀同三司。 十一年，自周逃歸，至渦陽，為邊吏執送長安，死於獄。 是時既與周絕，不之知。 至德元年，後主知之，贈散騎常侍。 又詔傷其廢絕，降封重安縣侯，以子響襲封。
Later, on Wu Mingche's northern campaign, the army was broken and Wenji was taken by Zhou—yet Zhou still invested him as grand master with golden tally equal to the three excellencies with an open office. In the eleventh year he escaped from Zhou and fled as far as Woyang, where border officials seized him and sent him to Chang'an. He died in prison. By then Chen had already severed ties with Zhou, and the court knew nothing of his fate. In the first year of Zhide (583), when Emperor Houzhu learned what had happened, he posthumously made Wenji regular attendant of the scattered cavalry. An edict also mourned the extinction of his line, reduced the fief to Marquis of Chong'an, and had his son Xiang inherit the title.
26
沈恪字子恭，吳興武康人也。 深沈有幹局。 梁新渝侯蕭映之為廣州，兼映府中兵參軍。 陳武帝與恪同郡，情好甚昵。 蕭映卒後，武帝南討李賁，仍遣妻子附恪還鄉。 尋補東宮直後。 以嶺南勳，除員外散騎侍郎。 仍令總集宗從子弟。
Shen Ke, courtesy name Zigong, was from Wukang in Wuxing. He was deep-minded and steady, with a talent for practical administration. When the Liang Marquis of Xinyü, Xiao Ying, went to Guangzhou, Shen Ke served concurrently as military attendant in Ying's princely household. Chen Wudi and Shen Ke were from the same commandery, and their friendship was unusually close. After Xiao Ying's death, as Chen Wudi marched south against Li Bin, he sent his wife and children to travel with Shen Ke back to their homeland. He was soon appointed direct attendant of the Eastern Palace. For his services in Lingnan he was made supernumerary attendant of the scattered cavalry. He was also charged with gathering and organizing the younger men of the clan.
27
侯景圍台城，起東西二土山以逼城，城內亦作土山應之，恪為東土山主，晝夜拒戰。 以功封東興侯。 及城陷，間行歸鄉。 武帝討景，遣使報恪，恪於東起兵相應。 賊平後，授都軍副。
When Hou Jing besieged the capital, he raised earthen mounds east and west to press the walls; the defenders built counter-mounds within the city. Shen Ke commanded the eastern mound and fought without rest, day and night. For this he was created Marquis of Dongxing. When the city fell, he stole his way home. When Chen Wudi moved against Hou Jing, he sent word to Shen Ke, who raised forces in the east in answer. After the rebels were crushed, he was made deputy chief of the army.
28
及武帝謀討王僧辯，恪預其事。 武帝使文帝還長城立柵備杜龕，使恪還武康招集兵眾。 及僧辯誅，龕果遣副將杜泰襲文帝于長城，恪時已出縣，誅龕黨與。 武帝尋遣周文育來援長城，文育至，泰乃走。 及龕平，文帝襲東揚州刺史張彪，以恪監吳興郡。
When Chen Wudi plotted against Wang Sengbian, Shen Ke was party to the plan. Chen Wudi sent Emperor Wen to Changcheng to erect palisades against Du Kan, and sent Shen Ke back to Wukang to raise troops. When Wang Sengbian was killed, Du Kan did send his lieutenant Du Tai to strike at Emperor Wen in Changcheng. Shen Ke had already left the county and was executing Du Kan's partisans. Chen Wudi soon dispatched Zhou Wenyü to relieve Changcheng; when Zhou Wenyü arrived, Du Tai withdrew. After Du Kan was subdued, Emperor Wen struck at Zhang Biao, governor of Eastern Yangzhou, and put Shen Ke in charge of Wuxing.
29
武帝受禪，時恪自吳興入朝，武帝使中書舍人劉師知引恪，令勒兵入，因衛敬帝如別宮。 恪排闥入見武帝，叩頭謝曰：「恪身經事蕭家來，今日不忍見此事，分受死耳，決不奉命。」 武帝嘉其意，不復逼，更以蕩主王僧志代之。
When Chen Wudi accepted the abdication, Shen Ke had just arrived at court from Wuxing. The emperor had palace secretariat attendant Liu Shizhi conduct him in and ordered him to enter with troops and escort Emperor Jing to a separate palace. Shen Ke pushed through the door to see Chen Wudi, kowtowed, and said, "I have served the house of Xiao all my days. I cannot bear to witness what is done today. Let me accept death—but I will not obey this command. Chen Wudi admired his scruple and did not force him; he had the garrison commander Wang Sengzhi take his place instead.
30
帝踐阼，除吳興太守。 永定三年，除散騎常侍、會稽太守。 曆事文帝及廢帝，累遷護軍將軍。 至宣帝即位，除平越中郎將、都督、廣州刺史。 恪未至嶺，前刺史歐陽紇舉兵拒嶮，不得進。 朝廷遣司空章昭達討平紇，乃得入州。 兵荒之後，所在殘毀，恪綏懷安輯，被以恩惠，嶺表賴之。 後主即位，為特進、金紫光祿大夫。 卒，諡曰光。 子法興嗣。
When the new emperor took the throne, Shen Ke was appointed governor of Wuxing. In the third year of Yongding (559) he was made regular attendant of the scattered cavalry and governor of Kuaiji. Under Emperor Wen and Emperor Fei he rose in due course to protector of the army. When Emperor Xuan came to the throne, Shen Ke was appointed general who pacifies the Yue, area commander, and governor of Guangzhou. Before Shen Ke had crossed the mountains, the former governor Ouyang He had risen in arms and held the passes, barring his advance. The court sent minister of works Zhang Zhaoda to put Ouyang He down, and only then could Shen Ke enter the province. In the wake of war and ruin the land lay wasted on every side. Shen Ke comforted and settled the people, showering them with kindness, and the whole region south of the passes looked to him for stability. When Emperor Houzhu succeeded, Shen Ke was made special court advisor and grand master of splendid virtue with golden seal and purple ribbon. He died and was given the posthumous name Guang ("Radiant"). His son Faxing inherited his title.
31
陸子隆字興世，吳郡人也。 祖敞之，梁嘉興令。 父悛，封氏令。
Lu Zilong, courtesy name Xingshi, was from Wu Commandery. His grandfather Changzhi had been magistrate of Jiaxing under the Liang. His father Quan was magistrate of Fengshi.
32
子隆少慷慨，有志功名。 侯景之亂，於鄉里聚徒。 時張彪為吳郡太守，引為將帥，仍隨彪徙鎮會稽。 及文帝討彪，彪將沈泰、吳寶真、申縉等皆降，而子隆力戰敗績。 文帝義之，復使領其部曲。
From youth Lu Zilong was high-spirited and ambitious for honor and achievement. During Hou Jing's rebellion he gathered a band of followers in his home district. Zhang Biao was then governor of Wu; he took Lu Zilong into his service as a commander, and Lu Zilong followed him when he was reassigned to garrison Kuaiji. When Emperor Wen moved against Zhang Biao, Biao's generals Shen Tai, Wu Baozhen, Shen Jin, and the rest all surrendered—but Lu Zilong fought on stubbornly and was beaten. Emperor Wen respected his loyalty and restored him to command of his own troops.
33
文帝嗣位，子隆領甲仗宿衛。 封益陽縣子，累遷廬陵太守。 周迪據臨川反，子隆隨章昭達討迪，迪退走，因隨昭達討陳寶應。 晉安平，子隆功最，遷武州刺史，改封朝陽縣伯。
When Emperor Wen came to the throne, Lu Zilong commanded the armory guard in palace service. He was created Viscount of Yiyang and later promoted to governor of Luling. When Zhou Di seized Linchuan and rebelled, Lu Zilong marched with Zhang Zhaoda against him. After Zhou Di fled, Lu Zilong continued with Zhang Zhaoda to suppress Chen Baoying. When Jin'an was pacified, Lu Zilong's merit stood highest. He was made governor of Wu and created Count of Chaoyang.
34
華皎據湘州反，以子隆居其心腹，皎深患之，頻遣使招，子隆不從，攻又不克。 及皎敗於郢州，子隆出兵襲其後，因與大軍相會。 進爵為侯。 尋遷都督、荊州刺史。 荊州新置，居公安，城池未固，子隆修立城郭，綏集夷夏，甚得人和，號為稱職。 吏人詣闕求立碑頌美功績，詔許之。 卒，諡威。 子之武嗣。
Hua Jiao rebelled and held Xiangzhou. Lu Zilong sat deep in his rear, and Jiao feared him greatly—again and again he sent envoys to win him over, but Lu Zilong refused, and every attack on him failed. When Hua Jiao was broken at Ying, Lu Zilong sallied forth to cut off his retreat and joined the main force. His rank was raised to marquis. He was soon made area commander and governor of Jing. Jing was newly created, with its seat at Gong'an and its walls still unfinished. Lu Zilong rebuilt the defenses, pacified both barbarian and Chinese populations, and won such harmony that men said he filled the post as it ought to be filled. Officials and people traveled to the capital to ask that a monument be raised in praise of his deeds, and the throne granted their request. Lu Zilong died and was posthumously named Wei ("Formidable"). His son Lu Zhiwu inherited his rank.
35
之武年十六，領其舊軍。 後為弘農太守，乃隸吳明徹，于呂梁軍敗逃歸，為人所害。
At sixteen, Lu Zhiwu assumed command of his father's old troops. He later served as governor of Hongnong under Wu Mingche, fled home after the defeat at Luliang, and was murdered on the way.
36
子隆弟子才，亦有幹略。 從子隆征討有功，除始平太守，封始康縣子。 卒于信州刺史。
Lu Zilong's younger brother Lu Zicai was likewise capable and shrewd in counsel. He followed Lu Zilong on campaign with distinction, was made governor of Shiping, and created Viscount of Shikang. He died in office as governor of Xin.
37
錢道戢字子韜，吳興長城人也。 父景深，梁漢壽令。 道戢少以孝行著聞，及長，頗有材幹，陳武帝微時，以從妹妻焉。 武帝輔政，道戢隨文帝平張彪於會稽，以功拜東徐州刺史，封永安縣侯。
Qian Daoji, style name Zitao, came from Changcheng in Wuxing. His father Qian Jingshen had been magistrate of Hanshou under the Liang. Qian Daoji won early fame for filial piety and, when grown, proved a man of real ability. In Chen Wudi's obscure days he gave the future emperor his cousin in marriage. While Chen Wudi held the regency, Qian Daoji marched with Chen Wen to crush Zhang Biao at Kuaiji and was rewarded with the governorship of East Xu and the marquisate of Yong'an.
38
太建二年，又隨昭達征江陵，以功加散騎常侍。 後為都督、郢州刺史。 與儀同黃法奭攻下曆陽，因以道戢鎮之。 卒官，諡曰肅。 子邈嗣。
In the second year of Taijian (574) he again followed Zhang Zhaoda against Jiangling and, for his services, was made regular attendant of the scattered cavalry. He later served as area commander and governor of Ying. With the Yitong Huang Fashi he took Liyang, and Qian Daoji was left to hold the city. He died in his post and was posthumously named Su ("Solemn"). His son Qian Miao inherited his rank.
39
駱文牙字旗門，吳興臨安人也。 父裕，梁鄱陽嗣王中兵參軍事。 文牙年十二，宗人有善相者，云：「此郎容貌非常，必將遠致。」 梁太清末，陳文帝避地臨安，文牙母陳，睹帝儀錶，知非常人，賓待甚厚。 及帝為吳興太守，引文牙為將帥。 從平杜龕、張彪，勇冠眾軍。
Luo Wenya, style name Qimen, came from Lin'an in Wuxing. His father Luo Yu had been central army aide to the Prince of Poyang under the Liang. At twelve, a kinsman versed in physiognomy told him: "This boy's face is unlike any other; he will rise to eminence far from home." In the last years of Liang Taqing, Chen Wen took refuge at Lin'an. Wenya's mother, Lady Chen, read the future emperor's bearing, knew he was no common man, and received him with lavish hospitality. When Chen Wen became governor of Wuxing, he took Luo Wenya into his command as a field officer. He fought in the campaigns against Du Kan and Zhang Biao, and his valor outshone every other unit.
40
文帝即位，封臨安縣侯，位越州刺史。 初，文牙母卒，時兵荒，至是始葬，詔贈臨安國太夫人，諡曰恭。
When Chen Wen succeeded to the throne, Luo Wenya was created Marquis of Lin'an and made governor of Yue. His mother had died amid the chaos of war and could be buried only now; the court posthumously ennobled her as Grand Lady of Lin'an State with the posthumous name Gong ("Respectful").
41
太建八年，文牙累遷散騎常侍，入直殿省。 十年，授豐州刺史。 至德二年卒，贈廣州刺史。 子義嗣。
In the eighth year of Taijian (580) Luo Wenya rose to regular attendant of the scattered cavalry and entered service in the palace directorate. In the tenth year he was appointed governor of Feng. He died in the second year of Zhide (584) and was posthumously made governor of Guang. His son Luo Yi inherited his rank.
42
孫瑒字德璉，吳郡吳人也。 父修道，梁中散大夫，以雅素知名。 瑒少倜儻，好謀略，博涉經史，尤便書翰。 仕梁為邵陵王中兵參軍事。 太清之難，授假節、宣猛將軍、軍主。 王僧辯之討侯景也，王琳為前軍，琳與瑒親婭，乃表薦為宜都太守。 後以軍功封富陽侯。 敬帝立，累遷巴州刺史。
Sun Yang, style name Delian, came from Wu in Wu Commandery. His father Sun Xiudao had been a palace attendant under the Liang, famed for unpretentious elegance. Sun Yang was dashing and open-handed from youth, loved stratagem, read widely in the classics and histories, and was especially accomplished at brush and letter. Under the Liang he served as central army aide to the Prince of Shaoling. In the Taqing crisis he received provisional credentials, the title general who proclaims fierceness, and an independent command. When Wang Sengbian marched against Hou Jing, Wang Lin commanded the vanguard. Lin and Sun Yang were kin by marriage, and Lin memorialized to have Sun Yang appointed governor of Yidu. For later military service he was created Marquis of Fuyang. When Emperor Jing succeeded, Sun Yang rose in due course to governor of Ba.
43
及陳武帝受禪，王琳立梁永嘉王蕭莊於郢州，征瑒為少府卿，仍徙都督、郢州刺史，總留府之任。 周遣大將軍史甯乘虛攻之，瑒兵不滿千人，乘城拒守，周兵不能克。 及聞大軍敗王琳，乘勝而進，周兵乃解，瑒於是盡有中流之地。 既而遣使奉表歸陳。
When Chen Wudi took the throne, Wang Lin installed Xiao Zhuang, the Liang Prince of Yongjia, at Ying. Sun Yang was summoned as minister of the palace storehouse, then made area commander and governor of Ying with full charge of the seat left behind. Northern Zhou sent the great general Shi Ning to strike while the city was exposed. Sun Yang had fewer than a thousand men, yet held the walls and kept the Zhou army at bay. When news arrived that the main force had broken Wang Lin and was advancing in triumph, the Zhou troops lifted the siege, and Sun Yang came to hold the whole mid-Yangtze region. He soon sent envoys with a memorial of submission to Chen.
44
天嘉元年，授湘州刺史，封定襄縣侯。 瑒懷不自安，乃固請入朝，徵為侍中、領軍將軍。 未拜，文帝謂曰：「昔朱買臣願為本郡，卿豈有意乎？」 改授吳郡太守，給鼓吹一部。 秩滿，徵拜散騎常侍、中護軍。 及留異反，據東陽，詔瑒督舟師進討。 異平，遷鎮右將軍。 頃之，出為建安太守。
In the first year of Tianjia (560) he was made governor of Xiang and created Marquis of Dingxiang. Uneasy in his post, Sun Yang repeatedly asked to come to court and was recalled as palace attendant and general who leads the army. Before he could assume the post, Chen Wen asked him: "Zhu Maichen once longed to govern his home commandery—do you feel the same?" Instead he was appointed governor of Wu Commandery and granted a full set of martial music. When his term ended he was recalled as regular attendant of the scattered cavalry and central army protector. When Liu Yi rebelled and seized Dongyang, an edict put Sun Yang in command of the river fleet to suppress him. After Liu Yi was crushed, Sun Yang was made general who guards the right. Before long he was sent out as governor of Jian'an.
45
太建四年，為都督、荊州刺史，出鎮公安，為鄰境所憚。 居職六年，以公事免。 及吳明徹軍敗呂梁，詔授都督緣江水陸諸軍事。 尋授都督、郢州刺史。
In the fourth year of Taijian (576) he became area commander and governor of Jing, took up his post at Gong'an, and was feared by every neighboring command. Six years into the post he was removed for an official offense. After Wu Mingche's defeat at Luliang, an edict made Sun Yang area commander of all land and river forces along the Yangtze. He was soon given the joint posts of area commander and governor of Ying.
46
十二年，坐疆埸交通抵罪。 後主嗣位，復爵邑。 歷位度支尚書，侍中，祠部尚書。 後主頻幸其宅，賦詩述勳德之美。 遷五兵尚書，領左軍將軍，侍中如故。 禎明元年，卒官，諡曰桓。
In the twelfth year he was punished for unauthorized dealings across the frontier. When Houzhu came to the throne, Sun Yang's title and fief were restored. He served in turn as minister of revenue, palace attendant, and minister of rites. Houzhu often visited his house and wrote poems praising his merit and character. He was moved to minister of war and general of the left army while keeping his palace attendant's seat. In the first year of Zhenming (587) he died in office and was posthumously named Huan ("Constant").
47
瑒事親以孝聞，于諸弟甚篤睦。 性通泰，有財散之親友。 居家頗失於侈，家庭穿築，極林泉之致，歌鍾舞女，當世罕儔。 賓客填門，軒蓋不絕。 及出鎮郢州，乃合十餘船為大舫，于中立亭池，植荷芰，每良辰美景，賓僚並集，泛長江而置酒，亦一時之勝賞焉。 常於山齋設講肆，集玄儒之士，冬夏資奉，為學者所稱。 而處己率易，不以名位驕物。 時興皇寺慧朗法師該通釋典，瑒每造講筵，時有抗論，法侶莫不傾心。 又巧思過人，為起部尚書，軍國器械，多所創立。 有鑒識，男女婚姻，皆擇素貴。 及卒，尚書令江總為之銘志，後主又題銘後四十字，遣左戶尚書蔡征就宅宣敕鐫之。 其詞曰：「秋風動竹，煙水驚波。 幾人樵徑，何處山阿。 今時日月，宿昔綺羅。 天長路遠，地久靈多。 功臣未勒，此意如何。」 時論以為榮。
Sun Yang was famed for filial devotion to his parents and for warm, steadfast affection among his brothers. Open-handed by temperament, he gave freely to friends and kin whenever fortune came his way. His household was lavish beyond measure: he excavated ponds and terraces until the grounds rivaled the finest groves and streams, and kept singers, bells, and dancing girls such as few men of the age could equal. Guests packed his gate, and covered carriages streamed in without pause. When he went out to hold Ying, he lashed a dozen boats into one great pleasure craft, set a pavilion and pool in its center, and planted lotus and water caltrop. On bright days he would gather guests and staff, drift down the Yangtze with wine cups set out, and savor one of the age's finest pleasures. In his mountain retreat he often opened lecture halls for masters of Buddhist and Confucian learning, supporting them winter and summer—a generosity scholars widely praised. Yet in his own bearing he was plain and unassuming, never haughty toward others because of rank. The monk Huilang of Xinghuang Temple was then master of the Buddhist canon. Sun Yang often attended his lectures and sometimes argued pointedly with him; the whole Buddhist community admired him for it. He was also inventive beyond his peers; as minister of works he devised many new instruments of war and state. He chose his children's spouses with care, always matching them to families of modest virtue and distinguished lineage. At his death Chief Minister Jiang Zong wrote his epitaph. Houzhu appended forty characters of his own and sent Left Minister of the Household Cai Zheng to the house to proclaim the edict and have the text cut in stone. The inscription runs: "Autumn wind shakes the bamboo; mist over the water ruffles the waves. Who still walks the woodcutters' trail? Where now the hidden hill? The sun and moon are still here; the silks and brocades are gone. Heaven stretches on, the road runs far; earth endures, and the spirit abides in many forms. His merit uncarved on stone—what can this sorrow mean?" Men of the time counted it a signal honor.
48
瑒二十一子，第二子訓頗知名，位高唐太守，陳亡入隋。
Sun Yang had twenty-one sons; the second, Xun, was well known, served as governor of Gaotang, and passed into the Sui when Chen fell.
49
徐世譜字興宗，巴東魚復人也。 世居荊州為主帥，征伐蠻蜒。 至世譜尤勇敢，有膂力，善水戰。 梁元帝之為荊州刺史，世譜將領鄉人事焉。
Xu Shipu, style name Xingzong, came from Yufu in Badong. For generations his clan had served in Jing as local commanders, campaigning against the Man and Yan peoples. In Xu Shipu's day he was outstandingly bold, powerfully built, and masterful on the water. When Emperor Yuan of Liang was governor of Jing, Xu Shipu led the local militia in his service.
50
侯景之亂，因預征討，累遷至員外散騎常侍。 尋領水軍，從司徒陸法和與景戰於赤亭湖。 時景軍甚盛，世譜乃別造樓船、拍艦、火舫、水車以益軍勢。 將戰，又乘大艦居前，大敗景軍，禽景將任約。 景退走，因隨王僧辯攻郢州，世譜復乘大艦臨其倉門，賊將宋子仙據城降。 以功除信州刺史，封魚復縣侯。 仍隨僧辯東下，恒為軍鋒。 景平，以衡州刺史資，領河東太守。
In Hou Jing's rebellion he joined the campaigns and rose in due course to supernumerary regular attendant of the scattered cavalry. He soon took command of the river force and, under Marshal Lu Fahe, fought Hou Jing at Chiting Lake. Hou Jing's fleet was then at its height; Xu Shipu built tower ships, rams, fire boats, and water chariots to strengthen his own force. When battle opened he again took the lead in a great ship, broke Hou Jing's army, and captured his general Ren Yue. Hou Jing fled; Xu Shipu then followed Wang Sengbian against Ying, again driving a great ship to the granary gate until the rebel Song Zixian, holding the city, submitted. For this service he was made governor of Xin and created Marquis of Yufu. He continued east with Wang Sengbian and was always at the army's spearhead. After Hou Jing's defeat he drew the emoluments of governor of Heng while serving concurrently as governor of Hedong.
51
西魏攻荊州，世譜鎮馬頭岸，據有龍洲。 元帝授侍中、都督江南諸軍事、鎮南將軍、護軍將軍。 魏克江陵，世譜東下依侯瑱。
When Western Wei attacked Jing, Xu Shipu held Matou Bank and seized Long Island. Emperor Yuan made him palace attendant, area commander of all forces south of the Yangtze, general who guards the south, and army protector. When Wei took Jiangling, Xu Shipu went east and placed himself under Hou Tian.
52
永定二年，遷護軍將軍。 文帝即位，曆特進、右光祿大夫。 以疾失明，謝病不朝。 卒，諡曰桓。
In the second year of Yongding (558) he was made army protector. When Chen Wen succeeded, Xu Shipu served in turn as special advisor and right grand master for splendor and wealth. Sickness took his sight; he pleaded illness and withdrew from court. He died and was posthumously named Huan ("Constant").
53
周敷字仲遠，臨川人也。 為郡豪族。 敷形貌眇小，如不勝衣，膽力勁果，超出時輩。 性豪俠，輕財重士，鄉党少年任氣者咸歸之。
Zhou Fu, style name Zhongyuan, came from Linchuan. His clan was one of the great magnate families of the commandery. Zhou Fu was slight of build, as though his frame could barely fill his robes, yet his courage and resolution were iron-hard and outstripped his peers. Chivalrous by nature, he scorned money and honored men of spirit; every hot-blooded youth in the district rallied to him.
54
侯景之亂，鄉人周續合眾以討賊為事，梁內史始興蕃王蕭毅以郡讓續，續所部有欲侵掠毅者，敷擁護之，親率其黨，捍送至豫章。 時梁觀甯侯蕭永、長樂侯蕭基、豐城侯蕭泰避難流寓，聞敷信義，皆往依之。 敷湣其危懼，屈體崇敬，厚加給恤，送之西上。 俄而續部下將帥爭權，殺續以降周迪。 迪素無簿閥，又失眾心，倚敷族望，深求交結。 敷未能自固，事迪甚恭，迪大憑仗之。 迪據臨川之工塘，敷鎮臨川故郡。 侯景平，梁元帝授敷甯州刺史，封西豐縣侯。
In Hou Jing's rebellion his townsman Zhou Xu raised a force to fight the rebels. Xiao Yi, Prince of Shixing and interior minister of Liang, yielded the commandery to Xu. When some of Xu's men meant to plunder the prince, Zhou Fu shielded him and personally led his followers to escort him safely to Yuzhang. Meanwhile Liang nobles—the Marquises Guanning, Changle, and Fengcheng, Xiao Yong, Xiao Ji, and Xiao Tai—were living in exile as refugees. Hearing of Zhou Fu's reputation for honor, they all came to place themselves under his protection. Fu took pity on their terror and distress, bowed to them in respectful courtesy, lavished gifts and support upon them, and escorted them on their journey west. Soon afterward Xu's subordinate commanders quarreled over authority, murdered Xu, and surrendered to Zhou Di. Di came from no distinguished lineage and had already lost the hearts of his men. He leaned on Fu's family standing and pressed hard for an alliance. Fu had not yet consolidated his own position and treated Di with elaborate deference; Di in turn leaned on him heavily. Di occupied Gongtang in Linchuan, while Fu held the old Linchuan commandery capital. After Hou Jing's defeat, Emperor Yuan of Liang made Fu governor of Ning and created him Marquis of Xifeng.
55
陳武帝受禪，王琳據有上流，余孝頃與琳党李孝欽等共圍周迪，敷助於迪，迪禽孝頃等，敷功最多。 熊曇朗之殺周文育，據豫章，將兵襲敷，敷大破之。 曇朗走巴山郡，敷因與周迪、黃法奭等進兵屠之。 王琳平，授散騎常侍、豫章太守。 時南江酋帥，並顧戀巢窟，唯敷獨先入朝。 天嘉二年，詣闕，進號安西將軍，令還鎮豫章。 周迪以敷素出己下，超致顯達，深不平，乃舉兵反，遣弟方興襲敷，敷大破之。 仍從都督吳明徹攻破迪，禽方興。 再遷都督、南豫州刺史。 迪又收餘眾襲東興，文帝遣都督章昭達征迪，敷又從軍。 至定川縣與迪相對，迪紿敷求還朝，欲立盟，敷許之。 方登壇，為迪所害。 諡曰脫。 子智安嗣，位至太僕卿。
When Chen Wudi took the throne, Wang Lin controlled the upper Yangzi. Yu Xiaqing joined Wang Lin's ally Li Xiaoqin and others in besieging Zhou Di. Fu fought on Di's side; when Di captured Xiaqing and his fellows, Fu's contribution was the greatest of all. After Xiong Tanlang murdered Zhou Wenyü and seized Yuzhang, he marched against Fu with an army. Fu crushed him completely. Tanlang fled to Bashan commandery. Fu then joined Zhou Di, Huang Fashi, and others in a punitive advance that wiped him out. After Wang Lin's defeat, Fu was appointed regular attendant of the scattered cavalry and governor of Yuzhang. At that time the tribal leaders of the southern Yangzi country all clung to their home strongholds; Fu alone was the first to come to court. In Tiancheng 2 he appeared at court, was promoted to general who pacifies the west, and was ordered back to garrison Yuzhang. Zhou Di resented Fu bitterly: Fu had once ranked below him, yet had risen to eminence far beyond his own. He raised troops in revolt and sent his brother Fangxing to attack Fu, but Fu routed the assault. He then followed the area commander Wu Mingche in breaking Di's forces and capturing Fangxing. He was promoted again to area commander and governor of South Yu. Di rallied his scattered troops and struck at Dongxing. Chen Wen sent the area commander Zhang Zhaoda against him, and Fu once more joined the campaign. At Dingchuan county he faced Di across the field. Di tricked him with a plea to return to court and a proposal to swear alliance. Fu agreed. He had barely stepped onto the oath altar when Di killed him. His posthumous name was Tuo. His son Zhian inherited his title and eventually reached the office of master of the imperial stud.
56
荀朗字深明，潁川潁陰人也。 祖延祖，梁潁川太守。 父伯道，衛尉卿。
Xun Lang, styled Shenming, came from Yingyin in Yingchuan. His grandfather Yanzu had served Liang as governor of Yingchuan. His father Bodao held the post of commandant of the guard.
57
朗少慷慨，有將帥大略。 侯景之亂，據巢湖，無所屬。 台城陷沒後，梁簡文帝密詔授朗豫州刺史，令與外蕃討景。 景使儀同宋子仙、任約等頻征之，不能克。 時都下饑，朗更招致部曲，眾至數萬。 侯景敗于巴陵，朗截破其後軍。 景平後，又別破齊將郭元建於踟躕山。 及魏克荊州，陳武帝入輔，齊遣蕭軌、東方老等來寇，據石頭，朗自宣城來赴，與侯安都等大破之。
From youth Lang was high-spirited and generous, with the makings of a field commander. During Hou Jing's rebellion he held the Chaohu region and owed allegiance to no one. After the capital fell, Emperor Jian of Liang sent a secret edict making Lang governor of Yu and ordering him to join the frontier lords in the campaign against Hou Jing. Hou Jing dispatched the commissioners-in-chief Song Zixian, Ren Yue, and others against him again and again, but none could defeat him. Famine gripped the capital region. Lang kept recruiting followers until his command numbered in the tens of thousands. When Hou Jing was beaten at Baling, Lang fell upon his rear guard and shattered it. After Hou Jing's defeat he won a separate victory over Northern Qi's general Guo Yuanjian at Mount Chizhu. When Wei took Jingzhou and Chen Wudi entered the capital as regent, Northern Qi sent Xiao Gui, Dongfang Lao, and others to invade and seized Stone City. Lang marched from Xuancheng to the relief and, with Hou Andu and the rest, inflicted a crushing defeat.
58
法尚少俶儻，有文武幹略。 禎明中，為都督、郢州刺史。 及隋軍濟江，法尚降。 入隋，曆邵、觀、綿、豐四州刺史，巴東、敦煌二郡太守。
Fashang was from youth bold and unbounded in spirit, with talent and capacity for both civil and military affairs. During the Zhenming era of Chen Houzhu he served as area commander and governor of Ying. When the Sui armies crossed the Yangzi, Fashang submitted. Under the Sui he served in turn as governor of Shao, Guan, Mian, and Feng and as administrator of Badong and Dunhuang.
59
周炅字文昭，汝南安成人也。 祖強，齊梁州刺史。 父靈起，梁廬、桂二州刺史，保城縣侯。
Zhou Jiong, styled Wenzhao, came from Ancheng in Runan. His grandfather Qiang had been Liangzhou governor under Northern Qi. His father Lingqi had served Liang as governor of Lu and Gui and held the title Marquis of Baocheng.
60
太建五年，為都督、安州刺史，改封龍源縣侯。 其年，隨都督吳明徹北討，所向克捷，一月之中，獲十二城。 敗齊尚書左丞陸騫軍。 進攻巴州，克之。 於是江北諸城及谷陽土人，並誅其渠帥以城降。 進號和戎將軍。 仍敕追炅入朝。
In Taijian 5 of Chen Xuan he was appointed area commander and governor of An and re-enfeoffed as Marquis of Longyuan. That same year he joined the area commander Wu Mingche on the northern expedition. Wherever they turned they prevailed, and within a single month they captured twelve cities. He routed the forces of Lu Qian, Northern Qi's left assistant director of the masters of writing. He pressed the attack on Ba prefecture and took it. Thereupon the cities north of the Yangzi and the local chiefs of Guyang all killed their headmen and surrendered their towns. He was promoted to general who harmonizes with the Rong. An imperial order then recalled him to court.
61
後梁定州刺史田龍升以城降，詔以為定州刺史，封赤亭王。 及炅入朝，龍升以江北六州七鎮叛入于齊，齊遣曆陽王高景安應之。 於是令炅為江北道大都督，總統眾軍以討龍升，斬之，盡復江北之地。 進號平北將軍。 卒于官，贈司州刺史，改封武昌郡公，諡曰壯。
Tian Longsheng, governor of Ding under Later Liang, surrendered his city. The court appointed him governor of Ding and created him Prince of Chiting. When Jiong arrived at court, Longsheng rebelled with six prefectures and seven garrisons north of the Yangzi and defected to Northern Qi. Qi sent the Prince of Liyang, Gao Jingan, to his aid. Jiong was then made grand area commander of the Jiangbei circuit, leading all forces against Longsheng. He beheaded Longsheng and fully restored the territory north of the Yangzi. He was promoted to general who pacifies the north. He died in office. Posthumously he was made governor of Si, re-enfeoffed as Duke of Wuchang, and given the posthumous name Zhuang.
62
魯悉達字志通，扶風郿人也。 祖斐，齊衡州刺史、陽塘侯。 父益之，梁雲麾將軍、新蔡義陽二郡太守。
Lu Xida, styled Zhitong, came from Mei in Fufeng. His grandfather Fei had been Hengzhou governor under Northern Qi and Marquis of Yangtang. His father Yizhi had served Liang as general of the cloudy pennant and administrator of Xincai and Yiyang.
63
悉達幼以孝聞。 侯景之亂，糾合鄉人保新蔡，力田蓄穀。 時兵荒，都下及上川餓死者十八九，有得存者，皆攜老幼以歸焉，悉達所濟活者甚眾。 招集晉熙等五郡，盡有其地。 使其弟廣達領兵隨王僧辯討平侯景。 梁元帝授北江州刺史。
From childhood Xida was famed for filial devotion. During Hou Jing's rebellion he gathered his neighbors to defend Xincai, working the fields hard and hoarding grain. War and famine raged; eight or nine in ten around the capital and upriver starved to death. Those who lived came trailing the old and the young to his gates, and the lives he saved were beyond counting. He brought Jinxi and four neighboring commanderies under his sway until he held the whole region. He sent his younger brother Guangda at the head of troops to join Wang Sengbian in the campaign that brought down Hou Jing. Emperor Yuan of Liang appointed him governor of North Jiang.
64
悉達雖仗氣任俠，不以富貴驕人。 雅好詞賦，招禮賢才，與之賞會。 文帝即位，遷吳州刺史。 遭母憂，哀毀過禮，因遘疾卒，諡孝侯。 子覽嗣。 弟廣達。
Though Xida was proud and lived by the code of the sword, wealth and rank never made him condescend to others. He loved poetry and rhapsody, welcomed scholars of talent, and shared literary gatherings with them. When Chen Wen came to the throne, Xida was transferred to governor of Wu. When his mother died he mourned beyond what the rites allowed, fell ill, and passed away. He was posthumously titled Marquis Xiao. His son Lan inherited the title. His younger brother was Guangda.
65
廣達字遍覽，少慷慨，志立功名，虛心愛士，賓客自遠而至。 時江表將帥各領部曲，動以千數，而魯氏尤為多。 仕梁為平南當陽公府中兵參軍。 侯景之亂，與兄悉達聚眾保新蔡。 梁元帝承制授晉州刺史。 王僧辯之討侯景，廣達出境候接，資奉軍儲。 僧辯謂沈炯曰：「魯晉州亦是王師東道主人。」 仍率眾隨僧辯。 景平，加員外散騎常侍。
Guangda, styled Bianlan, was from youth ardent and generous, bent on winning glory in service. Humble before men of worth, he drew guests from distant places to his door. In those days every commander south of the Yangzi led private followings counted in the thousands, and none was more numerous than the Lu family. Under Liang he served as army staff officer in the headquarters of the Prince of Dangyang, pacifier of the south. During Hou Jing's rebellion he and his elder brother Xida raised troops to defend Xincai. Emperor Yuan of Liang, exercising regency powers, appointed him governor of Jin. When Wang Sengbian marched against Hou Jing, Guangda went out to meet the royal army at the border and furnished it with supplies. Sengbian said to Shen Jiong: "Governor Lu of Jin is another host to the royal army on the eastern march." He then led his troops after Sengbian. After Hou Jing's defeat he was given the additional title of supernumerary regular attendant of the scattered cavalry.
66
太建初，與儀同章昭達入峽口，招定安蜀等諸州鎮。 時周圖江左，大造舟艦於蜀，並運糧青泥，廣達與錢道戢等將兵掩襲，縱火焚之，仍還本鎮。 廣達為政簡要，推誠任下，吏人便之。 及秩滿，皆詣闕表請，於是詔申二年。
At the opening of the Taijian era under Chen Xuan, he entered the gorge with the commissioner Zhang Zhaoda and won over the garrisons of Ding'an, Shu, and the other prefectures. Northern Zhou was then scheming against the south, building a great fleet in Shu and shipping grain through Qingni. Guangda, with Qian Daoji and others, led a surprise attack, burned the ships, and withdrew to his post. Guangda governed with simplicity and directness, treating subordinates with open trust, to the ease of officials and people alike. When his term ended, petitioners thronged the court asking that he stay on, and an edict granted him two more years.
67
五年眾軍北伐，略淮南舊地，廣達與齊軍會於大峴，大破之，斬其敷城王張元範。 進克北徐州。 仍授北徐州刺史。 十年，授都督、合州刺史。
In the fifth year of Taijian the armies marched north to recover old Huainan. Guangda met Northern Qi forces at Mount Daxian, broke them completely, and beheaded Zhang Yuanfan, prince of Fucheng. He pressed forward and took North Xu. He was then made governor of North Xu. In the tenth year he was appointed area commander and governor of He.
68
十一年，周將梁士彥圍壽春，詔遣中領軍樊毅、左衛將軍任忠等分部趣陽平、秦郡，廣達率眾入淮為掎角以擊之。 周軍攻陷豫、霍二州，南北兗、晉等各自拔，諸將並無功，盡失淮南之地，廣達因免官，以侯還第。
In the eleventh year the Zhou general Liang Shiyan besieged Shouchun. The court sent the central palace guard commander Fan Yi, the left guard general Ren Zhong, and others in separate columns toward Yangping and Qin, while Guangda led troops into the Huai to strike in pincer. Zhou forces overran Yu and Huo; the garrisons at North and South Yan, Jin, and elsewhere pulled out one after another. Every commander failed, and Huainan was lost entirely. Guangda was stripped of office and sent home, retaining only his noble title.
69
十二年，與南豫州刺史樊毅北討，克郭默城。 尋授平西將軍、都督郢州以上七州諸軍事，頓兵江夏。 周安州總管元景山征江外，廣達命偏師擊走之。
In the twelfth year he joined the South Yu governor Fan Yi on a northern expedition and took the fortress of Guo Mo. Soon afterward he was made general who pacifies the west and area commander over seven prefectures from Ying upward, with his army stationed at Jiangxia. When the Zhou area supervisor of An, Yuan Jingshan, campaigned beyond the Yangzi, Guangda sent a detached force and repulsed him.
70
至德二年，為侍中，改封綏越郡公。 尋為中領軍。 及賀若弼進軍鍾山，廣達于白土岡置陣，與弼旗鼓相對。 廣達躬擐甲胄，手執桴鼓，率勵敢死而進，隋軍退走。 如是者數四。 及弼乘勝至宮城，燒北掖門，廣達猶督餘兵苦戰不息。 會日暮，乃解甲，面台再拜慟哭。 謂眾曰：「我身不能救國，負罪深矣。」 士卒皆涕泣歔欷，於是就執。
In Zhide 2 of Chen Houzhu he became palace attendant and was re-enfeoffed as Duke of Suiyue. He was soon appointed central palace guard commander. When He Ruo advanced on Zhongshan, Guangda drew up his line at Mount Baitu, banners and drums arrayed squarely against the enemy. Guangda buckled on armor himself, drumstick in hand, rousing his men to die where they stood and drive forward. The Sui line broke and fled. Four times it happened thus. When He Ruo pressed his advantage to the palace walls and set fire to the North Side Gate, Guangda still rallied the remnant force and fought on without rest. At dusk he laid down his armor, turned toward the palace terrace, bowed twice, and wept aloud. He told his men: "I could not save the realm. My debt is beyond measure." The soldiers wept and sobbed together, and then he was taken.
71
禎明三年，依例入隋。 廣達追愴本朝淪覆，遘疾不療，尋以憤慨卒。 尚書令江總撫柩慟哭，乃命筆題其棺頭，為詩曰：「黃泉雖抱恨，白日自留名，悲君感義死，不作負恩生。」 又制廣達墓銘，述其忠概。
In Zhenming 3 of Chen Houzhu he entered Sui service according to the usual practice. Brooding over the fall of his dynasty, Guangda fell ill and refused treatment. Before long he died of bitter grief. The chief minister Jiang Zong caressed the coffin and wept aloud. He then had brush and ink brought to inscribe the head of the bier with a poem: "Though the underworld holds its grudges, fame endures in the light of day; I mourn you, who chose a loyal death rather than live on in ingratitude. He also wrote an epitaph for Lu Guangda, setting forth his steadfast loyalty and bold integrity.
72
初，隋將韓擒濟江，廣達長子世真在新蔡，乃與其弟世雄及所部奔擒，擒遣使致書招廣達。 廣達時屯兵都下，乃自劾廷尉請罪，後主謂曰：「世真雖異路中大夫，公國之重臣，吾所恃賴，豈得自同嫌疑之間乎？」 加賜黃金，即日還營。
Early on, when the Sui general Han Qin crossed the Yangzi, Lu Guangda's eldest son Shizhen was at Xincai. Shizhen went over to Han Qin with his younger brother Shixiong and their troops, and Han Qin sent envoys with a letter summoning Lu Guangda. Lu Guangda was then stationed at the capital. He impeached himself before the Court of Review and asked to be punished. Chen Houzhu said, "Though Shizhen has gone over to the enemy and holds the rank of irregular associate grand master of the palace, you are a pillar of the state whom I rely on — how can you treat yourself as though under suspicion? Chen Houzhu added a gift of gold, and Lu Guangda returned to his camp that same day.
73
廣達有隊主楊孝辯，時從廣達在軍中，力戰陷陣，其子亦隨孝辯揮刀殺隋兵十餘人，力窮，父子俱死。
Among Lu Guangda's men was a squad leader named Yang Xiaobian, then serving under him in the field. Yang fought his way deep into the enemy lines; his son fought beside him, cutting down more than ten Sui soldiers before their strength gave out. Father and son died together.
74
蕭摩訶字元胤，蘭陵人也。 父諒，梁始興郡丞。 摩訶隨父之郡，年數歲而父卒，其姊夫蔡路養時在南康，乃收養之。 稍長，果毅有勇力。
Xiao Mohe, styled Yuanyin, came from Lanling. His father Xiao Liang served as assistant magistrate of Shixing under the Liang. Mohe went with his father to his post while still a small boy; when his father died, his brother-in-law Cai Luyang, then at Nankang, took him in and raised him. As he grew up he proved resolute, brave, and strong.
75
侯景之亂，陳武帝赴援建鄴，路養起兵拒武帝，摩訶時年十三，單騎出戰，軍中莫有當者。 及路養敗，摩訶歸侯安都，常從征討，安都遇之甚厚。 及任約、徐嗣徽引齊兵為寇，武帝遣安都北拒齊軍于鍾山龍尾及北郊壇。 安都謂摩訶曰：「卿驍勇有名，千聞不如一見。」 摩訶對曰：「今日令公見之。」 及戰，安都墜馬被圍，摩訶獨騎大呼，直沖齊軍，齊軍稍解去，安都乃免。 以平留異、歐陽紇功，累遷巴山太守。
During Hou Jing's rebellion, Chen Wudi marched to relieve Jianye. Cai Luyang raised forces to oppose him; Mohe was only thirteen, yet rode out alone to fight, and none in the army could match him. After Cai Luyang's defeat, Mohe entered Hou Andu's service and often rode with him on campaign; Hou Andu treated him with marked favor. When Ren Yue and Xu Sihui brought Northern Qi forces south to raid, Chen Wudi sent Hou Andu north to hold the Qi army at Longwei on Zhongshan and at the North Suburban Altar. Hou Andu said to Mohe, "Your name for fierce courage has gone ahead of you — hearing of it a thousand times is nothing beside seeing you once. Mohe answered, "Today Your Lordship shall see." In the fighting Hou Andu was thrown from his horse and surrounded. Mohe spurred forward alone, shouting, and drove straight into the Qi line until the enemy drew back and Andu was freed. For his part in suppressing Liu Yi and Ouyang He, he rose in due course to governor of Bashan.
76
太建五年，眾軍北伐，摩訶隨都督吳明徹濟江攻秦郡。 時齊遣大將尉破胡等率眾十萬來援，其前隊有「蒼頭」、「犀角「、「大力」之號，皆身長八尺，膂力絕倫，其鋒甚銳。 又有西域胡，妙於弓矢，弦無虛發，眾軍尤憚之。 及將戰，明徹謂摩訶曰：「若殪此胡，則彼軍奪氣，君有關、張之名，可斬顏良矣。」 摩訶曰：「願得識其形狀。」 明徹乃召降人有識胡者，雲胡絳衣，樺皮裝弓，兩端骨弭。 明徹遣人覘伺，知胡在陣，仍自酌酒飲摩訶。 摩訶飲訖，馳馬沖齊軍，胡挺身出陣前十餘步，彀弓未發，摩訶遙擲銑鋧，正中其額，應手而僕。 齊軍「大力」十餘人出戰，摩訶又斬之，於是齊師退走。 以功封廉平縣伯。 尋進為侯，位太僕卿。 又隨明徹進圍宿預，擊走齊將王康得，以功除晉熙太守。
In the fifth year of Taijian (573), during the great northern campaign, Mohe crossed the Yangzi with Area Commander Wu Mingche to strike at Qin commandery. Northern Qi sent the great general Wei Pohu at the head of a hundred thousand men. Their vanguard units were called "Dark Head," "Rhino Horn," and "Great Strength" — giants eight feet tall, of unmatched strength, and their point was very keen. With them was a man from the Western Regions, a master archer who never wasted a shot; the Chen armies feared him above all. As the armies were about to clash, Wu Mingche told Mohe, "Kill this archer and their spirit will break. You have the repute of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei — this is your chance to take off a Yan Liang's head." Mohe said, "I must know what he looks like." Wu Mingche called up a defector who knew the man and learned that he wore crimson, carried his bow in birch bark, and used bone nocks at either end of the string. Wu Mingche sent scouts to locate the archer in the enemy line, then poured Mohe a cup of wine himself. Mohe drained the cup, wheeled his horse, and charged the Qi line. The archer stepped out a dozen paces ahead of the formation and was drawing his bow when Mohe hurled a hatchet from afar; it struck him in the forehead and he dropped where he stood. A dozen of the Qi "Great Strength" fighters came forward; Mohe cut them down as well, and the Qi army broke and fled. For this exploit he was created Earl of Lianping. He was soon raised to marquis and made minister of the imperial stud. He went on with Wu Mingche to besiege Suyu, drove off the Qi general Wang Kangde, and for his service was made governor of Jinxi.
77
九年，明徹進軍呂梁，與齊大戰，摩訶率七騎先入，手奪齊軍大旗，齊眾大潰。 以功授譙州刺史。
In the ninth year (577) Wu Mingche marched on Luliang and fought a great battle with Qi. Mohe led seven horsemen in the van, snatched the enemy's great standard with his own hand, and the Qi forces collapsed. For this he was made governor of Qiao.
78
及周武帝滅齊，遣其將宇文忻爭呂梁。 忻時有精騎數千，摩訶領十二騎，深入周軍，從橫奮擊，斬馘甚眾。 及周遣大將王軌來赴，結長圍連鎖于呂梁下流，斷大軍還路。 摩訶謂明徹曰：「聞軌始鎖下流，其兩頭築城，今尚未立，公若見遣擊之，彼必不敢相拒。 彼城若立，則吾屬虜矣。」 明徹奮髯曰：「搴旗陷陣，將軍事也； 長算遠略，老夫事也。」 摩訶失色而退。 一旬之中，水路遂斷，周兵益至。 摩訶又請曰：「今求戰不得，進退無路，若潛軍突圍，未足為恥。 願公率步卒乘馬輿徐行，摩訶驅馳前後，必使公安達京邑。」 明徹曰：「弟計乃良圖也。 然老夫受脤專征，今被圍逼，慚置無地。 且步軍既多，吾為總督，必須身居其後，相率兼行，弟馬軍宜須在前。」 摩訶因夜發，選精騎八千，率先衝突，自後眾騎繼焉。 比旦，達淮南。 宣帝征還，授右衛將軍。
After Northern Zhou Wudi extinguished Qi, he sent his general Yuwen Xin to wrest Luliang from Chen hands. Yuwen Xin had several thousand elite horsemen. Mohe took twelve riders, plunged deep into the Zhou line, and fought back and forth with such fury that the dead and wounded piled up around him. When Zhou dispatched the great general Wang Gui in relief, Wang laid a long blockade with chained boats on the lower river at Luliang and severed the Chen army's line of retreat. Mohe said to Wu Mingche, "I hear Wang Gui has only begun to chain the river downstream and erect forts at either end — they are not finished yet. Send me against them now and they will not dare stand. Once those forts stand, we are prisoners. Wu Mingche tugged at his beard and said, "Taking banners and breaking lines — that is the general's business; long-range planning is an old man's work. Mohe paled and withdrew. Within ten days the river route was closed and Zhou reinforcements kept arriving. Mohe pleaded again, "We cannot bring them to battle; there is no way forward or back. A stealthy breakout would be no disgrace. Let you take the infantry in litters at an easy pace while I ride before and behind; I swear I will see you safely to the capital. Wu Mingche said, "Your plan is a good one. But I took the war feast and sole command of this campaign; now, hemmed in, I have nowhere to hide my shame. Besides, the foot soldiers are many; as commander I must bring up the rear and keep the column together — your cavalry should go in front. That night Mohe moved out with eight thousand picked horsemen, broke through in the lead, and the rest of the cavalry followed hard after. By dawn they had reached Huainan. Chen Xuan recalled the army and appointed Mohe general of the right guard.
79
及宣帝崩，始興王叔陵于殿內手刃後主，遂奔東府城。 摩訶入受敕，乃率馬步數百趣東府城，斬之。 以功授車騎大將軍，封綏建郡公。 叔陵素所蓄聚金帛累巨萬，後主悉以賜之。 改授侍中、驃騎大將軍、左光祿大夫。 舊制三公黃合聽事置鴟尾。 後主特詔摩訶開黃合，門施行馬，聽事寢堂，並置鴟尾。 仍以其女為皇太子妃。
When Chen Xuan died, the Prince of Shixing, Chen Shuling, stabbed the crown prince in the palace hall and fled to the Eastern Palace fortress. Mohe received his orders in the palace, then led several hundred horse and foot to the Eastern Palace fortress and killed Shuling. For this he was made grand general of chariots and cavalry and created Duke of Suijian. The gold and silk Chen Shuling had hoarded ran to immense sums; Chen Houzhu gave it all to Mohe. He was reassigned as palace attendant, grand general of swift cavalry, and left grand master of splendid virtue. By old custom the three excellencies' yellow-folding reception halls bore owl-tail roof ornaments. Chen Houzhu specially authorized Mohe to use the yellow-folding gate, dismounting rails at his doorway, and owl-tail ornaments on both his reception hall and private quarters — honors normally reserved for the three excellencies. He also married Mohe's daughter to the crown prince.
80
會隋總管賀若弼鎮廣陵，後主委摩訶禦之，授南徐州刺史。 禎明三年元會，征摩訶還朝，弼乘虛濟江，襲京口。 摩訶請率兵逆戰，後主不許。 及弼進鍾山，摩訶又曰：「弼懸軍深入，壘塹未堅，出兵掩襲，必克。」 又不許。 及將出戰，後主謂曰：「公可為我一決。」 摩訶曰：「從來行陣，為國為身，今日之事，兼為妻子。」 後主多出金帛賦諸軍，以充賞賜。 令中領軍魯廣達陳兵白土岡，居眾軍南，鎮東大將軍任忠次之，護軍將軍樊毅、都官尚書孔范又次之，摩訶軍最居北。 眾軍南北亙二十里，首尾進退不相知。
The Sui area commander He Ruobi was stationed at Guangling; Chen Houzhu put Mohe in charge of the defense and made him governor of South Xuzhou. At the New Year's court of the third year of Zhenming (587), Mohe was recalled to the capital. He Ruobi seized the opening, crossed the Yangzi, and struck at Jingkou. Mohe asked to take the field against him; Chen Houzhu refused. When He Ruobi pushed on to Zhongshan, Mohe said again, "His army is deep in hostile country and his defenses are not set — a surprise attack will take him. Again Chen Houzhu refused. As the army was about to march out, Chen Houzhu told him, "You must win this battle for me. Mohe answered, "In every battle until now I have fought for the state and for myself; today I fight for my wife and children as well." Chen Houzhu handed out gold and silk to the armies to swell their rewards. He placed Central Army Director Lu Guangda on White Earth Mound at the southern wing; Grand General Who Pacifies the East Ren Zhong came next, then Protector of the Army Fan Yi and Minister of Punishments Kong Fan; Mohe's corps held the northern end. The line ran twenty li from north to south; front and rear could neither coordinate advance nor retreat.
81
弼初謂未戰，將輕騎登山，望見眾軍，因馳下置陣。 後主通於摩訶之妻，故摩訶雖領勁兵八千，初無戰意，唯魯廣達、田端以其徒力戰。 賀若弼及所部行軍七總管楊牙、韓洪、員明、黃昕、張默言、達奚隆、張辯等甲士凡八千人，各勒陣以待之。 弼躬當魯廣達，麾下戰死者二百七十三人，弼縱煙以自隱，窘而復振。 陳兵得人頭，皆走獻後主，求賞金銀。 弼更趣孔范，範兵暫交便敗走。 陳軍盡潰，死者五千人。 諸門衛皆走，黃昕馳燒北掖門而入。 員明禽摩訶以送弼，弼以刀臨頸，詞色不撓，乃釋而禮之。
He Ruobi at first expected no fight; he rode light cavalry up a hill, saw the Chen line, and galloped down to deploy. Chen Houzhu had taken Mohe's wife as a lover; though Mohe still commanded eight thousand elite troops, he had no heart for the fight at first — only Lu Guangda and Tian Duan and their men battled fiercely. He Ruobi and seven subordinate area commanders — Yang Ya, Han Hong, Yuan Ming, Huang Xin, Zhang Moyan, Daxi Long, and Zhang Bian — with eight thousand armored men in all drew up and waited. He Ruobi himself engaged Lu Guangda; two hundred seventy-three of his men fell before he hid the field in smoke, rallied from distress, and came on again. Chen soldiers who took enemy heads ran to show them to Chen Houzhu and claim gold and silver. He Ruobi then turned on Kong Fan; Fan's men broke almost as soon as they met the attack. The Chen army collapsed; five thousand were killed. The gate guards fled; Huang Xin burned through the North Side Gate and rode in. Yuan Ming seized Mohe and brought him to He Ruobi. He Ruobi set a blade to his throat, but Mohe's words and bearing never faltered; he released him and treated him with honor.
82
及城平，弼置後主於德教殿，令兵衛守，摩訶請弼曰：「今為囚虜，命在斯須，願一見舊主，死無所恨。」 弼哀而許之。 入見後主，俯伏號泣，仍於舊廚取食進之，辭訣而出，守衛者皆不能仰視。 隋文帝聞摩訶抗答賀若弼，曰：「壯士也，此亦人之所難。」 入隋，授開府儀同三司。 尋從漢王諒詣并州，同諒作逆，伏誅，年七十三。
When the city fell, He Ruobi kept Chen Houzhu in the Hall of Virtuous Teaching under guard. Mohe begged He Ruobi, "We are captives now and live from moment to moment. Let me see my former sovereign once — then I can die without regret. Moved, He Ruobi agreed. He went in to Chen Houzhu, prostrated himself, and wept aloud. From the old kitchen he brought food and fed him, then took his leave; the guards could not bear to look up at him. When Sui Wendi heard how boldly Mohe had answered He Ruobi, he said, "A true warrior — that is something few men can manage. After entering Sui service he was made honorary grand master of the state with the same honors as the three excellencies. He soon followed the Prince of Han to Bingzhou, joined his rebellion, and was executed at the age of seventy-three.
83
摩訶訥於言，恂恂長者。 至於臨戎對寇，志氣奮發，所向無前。 年未弱冠，隨侯安都在京口，性好獵，無日不畋遊。 及安都征伐，摩訶功居多。
Mohe was slow-spoken and courteous as an elder. Yet facing the enemy in battle his spirit blazed and none could stand before him. Before he came of age, while with Hou Andu at Jingkou, he loved the hunt and went out every day without fail. In Hou Andu's campaigns Mohe accounted for the lion's share of the victories.
84
子世廉，有父風。 性至孝，及摩訶凶終，服闕後，追慕彌切。 其父時賓故，脫有所言及，世廉對之，哀慟不自勝，言者為之歔欷。 終身不執刀斧，時人嘉焉。
His son Shilian had his father's mettle. Deeply filial by nature, after Mohe's execution and the mourning period had ended, his grief only deepened. When his father's old friends happened to mention him, Shilian would answer in such grief that the speakers themselves were moved to tears. He never again touched blade or hatchet; men of the time honored him for it.
85
摩訶有騎士陳智深者，勇力過人，以平叔陵功，為巴陵內史。 摩訶之戮也，其子先已籍沒，智深收摩訶屍，手自殯斂，哀感行路，君子義之。
Among Mohe's riders was Chen Zhishen, a man of surpassing courage and strength; for his part in suppressing Chen Shuling he was made interior minister of Baling. When Mohe was put to death his son had already been seized and his property confiscated. Zhishen recovered Mohe's body and buried him with his own hands; his grief moved all who passed, and men of honor praised his loyalty.
86
潁川陳禹，亦隨摩訶征討。 聰敏有識量，涉獵經史，解風角兵書，頗能屬文，便騎射，官至王府諮議。
Chen Yu of Yingchuan also rode with Mohe on campaign. Quick-witted and discerning, he read widely in the classics and histories, understood wind-omens and military treatises, wrote passable prose, rode and shot well, and rose to advisory officer in a princely household.
87
任忠字奉誠，小名蠻奴，汝陰人也。 少孤微，不為鄉黨所齒。 及長，譎詭多計略，膂力過人，尤善騎射，州裏少年皆附之。 梁鄱陽王蕭範為合州刺史，聞其名，引置左右。
Ren Zhong, styled Fengcheng and known in youth as Mannu, came from Ruyin. Orphaned and poor, he was held in little regard by his neighbors. Grown to manhood he was shrewd and full of schemes, stronger than most, and especially skilled at riding and archery; the young men of the district rallied to him. Xiao Fan, Prince of Poyang and governor of He province under the Liang, heard of him and took him into his personal service.
88
侯景之亂，忠率鄉黨數百人，隨晉熙太守梅伯龍討景將王貴顯于壽春，每戰卻敵。 會土人胡通聚眾寇抄，範命忠與主帥梅思立並軍討平之。 仍隨範世子嗣率眾入援，會京城陷，旋戍晉熙。 侯景平，授蕩寇將軍。
During Hou Jing's rebellion he led several hundred local men with Jinxi governor Mei Bolong against Hou Jing's general Wang Guixian at Shouyang and beat back the enemy in every engagement. When a local leader named Hu Tong raised a band to raid the countryside, Xiao Fan sent Zhong and chief commander Mei Sili to join forces and suppress them. He then followed the prince's heir Xiao Si south to relieve the capital; when the city fell they withdrew to garrison Jinxi. After Hou Jing's defeat he was appointed general who sweeps away bandits.
89
王琳立蕭莊，署忠為巴陵太守。 琳敗，還朝，授明毅將軍、安湘太守，仍隨侯瑱進討巴、湘。 累遷豫甯太守，衡陽內史。 華皎之舉兵也，忠預其謀。 及皎平，宣帝以忠先有密啟於朝廷，釋而不問。
When Wang Lin set up Xiao Zhuang as ruler, he appointed Zhong governor of Baling. After Lin's defeat Zhong returned to court and was made bright and resolute general and governor of Anxiang, then marched with Hou Tian against Ba and Xiang. He rose in due course to governor of Yuning and interior minister of Hengyang. When Hua Jiao rebelled, Zhong had been party to the plot from the start. After Jiao's defeat Chen Xuan, knowing Zhong had secretly informed the court beforehand, pardoned him without punishment.
90
太建初，隨章昭達討歐陽紇于廣州，以功授直合將軍。 遷武毅將軍、廬陵內史。 秩滿，入為右軍將軍。
At the opening of Taijian he joined Zhang Zhaoda's campaign against Ouyang He at Guangzhou and for his service was made direct-palace general. He was transferred to martial and resolute general and interior minister of Luling. When his term ended he returned to court as general of the right army.
91
五年，眾軍北伐，忠將兵出西道，擊走齊曆陽王高景安於大峴，逐北至東關，仍克其東西二城。 進軍蘄、譙，並拔之。 徑襲合肥，入其郛。 進克霍州。 以功授員外散騎常侍，封安復縣侯。 呂梁之喪師也，忠全軍而還。 尋授忠都督壽陽、新蔡、霍州緣淮眾軍，霍州刺史。 入為左衛將軍。 遷平南將軍、南豫州刺史，加都督。 率步騎趣曆陽。 周遣王延貴率眾為援，忠大破之，生禽延貴。
In the fifth year (573), during the northern campaign, Zhong took the western route, routed the Qi Prince of Liyang Gao Jing'an at Great Xian, pursued him to Dong Pass, and captured both the eastern and western cities there. He pushed on to take Qi and Qiao as well. He struck straight at Hefei and entered its outer defenses. He advanced and took Huo province. For these achievements he was made supernumerary regular attendant of the scattered cavalry and created Marquis of Anfu. When the disaster struck at Luliang, Zhong brought his entire command back intact. He was soon made area commander of the Huai-line armies at Shouyang, Xincai, and Huo province, and governor of Huo. He returned to court as general of the left guard. He was transferred to general who pacifies the south and governor of South Yu, with area command added. He marched foot and horse in haste to Liyang. Zhou sent Wang Yangui with reinforcements; Zhong routed him completely and took him alive.
92
後主嗣位，進號鎮南將軍，給鼓吹一部。 入為領軍將軍，加侍中，改封梁信郡公。 出為吳興內史。
When Chen Houzhu succeeded, Zhong was promoted to general who guards the south and granted a set of martial pipes and drums. He returned to court as army director with palace attendant added to his title, and his fief was changed to Duke of Liangxin. He went out to serve as interior minister of Wuxing.
93
及隋兵濟江、忠自吳興入赴，屯軍朱雀門。 後主召蕭摩訶以下於內殿定議，忠曰：「兵法客貴速戰，主貴持重。 今國家足食足兵，宜固守台城，緣淮立柵。 北軍雖來，勿與交戰，分兵斷江路，無令彼信得通。 給臣精兵一萬，金翅三百艘，下江徑掩六合。 彼大軍必言其度江將士已被獲，自然挫氣。 淮南土人，與臣舊相知悉，今聞臣往，必皆景從。 臣復揚聲欲往徐州，斷彼歸路，則諸軍不擊而自去。 待春水長，上江周羅睺等眾軍，必沿流赴援，此良計矣。」 後主不能從。 明日欻然曰：「腹煩殺人，喚蕭郎作一打。」 忠叩頭苦請勿戰，後主從孔範言，乃戰，於是據白土岡陣。 及軍敗，忠馳入台，見後主，言敗狀，曰：「官好住，無所用力。」 後主與之金兩縢曰：「為我南岸收募人，猶可一戰。」 忠曰：「陛下唯當具舟烜，就上流眾軍，臣以死奉衛。」 後主信之，敕忠出部分。 忠辭云：「臣處分訖，即奉迎。」 後主令宮人裝束以待忠，久望不至。 時隋將韓擒自新林進軍，忠率數騎往石子岡降之。 仍引擒軍共入南掖門。 台城平，入長安，隋授開府儀同三司。 卒，年七十七。
When Sui forces crossed the Yangzi, Zhong marched in from Wuxing and encamped at the Vermilion Bird Gate. Chen Houzhu summoned Xiao Mohe and the other commanders to the inner hall for counsel. Zhong said, "In warfare the invader wants a quick fight and the defender wants to hold steady. Our stores and armies are sufficient; we should hold Terrace City and build palisades along the Huai. When the northern armies come, do not meet them in the field; detach forces to cut the river routes so their couriers cannot pass. Give me ten thousand picked troops and three hundred Gold-Wing warships, and I will go downriver and strike Liuhe directly. Their main force will hear that the troops who crossed have already been taken, and their spirit will collapse of itself. The people of Huainan know me of old; when they hear I am coming they will rally to me in numbers. I will spread word that I mean to march on Xuzhou and cut their retreat, and their armies will withdraw without our having to strike them. Wait until the spring floods, and Zhou Luohou's upriver forces and the rest will come down to our aid — that is the sound plan. Chen Houzhu would not take his advice. The next day he suddenly said, "This bellyache is killing me — send for Xiao and let us have a bout. Zhong kowtowed and begged him not to fight, but Chen Houzhu listened to Kong Fan and gave battle, deploying on White Earth Mound. When the army broke, Zhong galloped into the palace, saw Chen Houzhu, reported the defeat, and said, "Your Majesty had best stay put — there is nothing left for me to do. Chen Houzhu gave him two belts of gold and said, "Go south of the river for me and raise troops — we may still fight once more." Zhong said, "Your Majesty need only ready the boats and join the upriver armies; I will guard you with my life." Chen Houzhu believed him and ordered him out to muster the troops. Zhong excused himself, saying, "Once I have finished deploying the men I will come to escort you. Chen Houzhu had the palace women dress and wait for Zhong; they waited a long time and he never came. By then the Sui general Han Qin was advancing from Xinlin; Zhong took a few horsemen to Stonezi Mound and surrendered to him. He then brought Han Qin's troops in through the South Side Gate. After the fall of Terrace City he went to Chang'an, where the Sui court made him honorary grand master of the state with the same honors as the three excellencies. He died at the age of seventy-seven.
94
隋文帝后以散騎常侍袁元友能直言于後主，嘉之，擢拜主爵侍郎，謂群臣曰：「平陳之初，我悔不殺任蠻奴。 受人榮祿，兼當重寄，不能橫屍，雲'無所用力'，與弘演納肝，何其遠也。」 子幼武，位儀同三司。
Later, because Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry Yuan Yuanyou had spoken bluntly to Chen Houzhu, Sui Wendi praised him, promoted him to chief of the office for enfeoffment, and told his ministers, "When we first conquered Chen I regretted not having killed Ren Mannu. He enjoyed rank and stipend and bore heavy trust, yet could not fall in battle and instead said 'there is nothing I can do' — how far that is from Hong Yan offering up his liver! His son Youwu rose to honorary grand master of the state with the same honors as the three excellencies.
95
樊毅字智烈，南陽湖陽人也。 祖方興，梁散騎常侍、司州刺史、魚復縣侯。 父文熾，梁散騎常侍、東益州刺史、新蔡縣侯。
Fan Yi, styled Zhilie, came from Huyang in Nanyang. His grandfather Fan Fangxing served the Liang as regular attendant of the scattered cavalry, governor of Si province, and marquis of Yufu. His father Fan Wenci served the Liang as regular attendant of the scattered cavalry, governor of East Yizhou, and marquis of Xincai.
96
毅家本將門，少習武，善騎射。 侯景之亂，率部曲隨叔父文皎援台城。 文皎于青溪戰歿，毅赴江陵，仍隸王僧辯討河東王蕭譽，以功除右中郎將。 代兄俊為梁興太守，領三州遊軍，隨宜豐侯蕭循討陸納於湘州。 軍次巴陵，營頓未立，納潛軍夜至薄營，大噪，軍中將士皆驚擾，毅獨與左右數十人當營門力戰，斬十餘級，擊鼓申令，眾乃定焉。 以功封夷道縣伯。 尋除天門太守，進爵為侯。 及西魏圍江陵，毅率郡兵赴援。 會魏克江陵，為後梁所俘，久之遁歸。
The Fan family came from a military line; Yi trained in arms from youth and was skilled at riding and archery. During Hou Jing's rebellion he led his household troops with his uncle Fan Wenjiao to relieve the capital. Wenjiao fell at Qingxi; Yi went on to Jiangling and served under Wang Sengbian against the Prince of Hedong Xiao Yu, winning appointment as right central commandant. He replaced his elder brother Jun as governor of Liangxing, commanded the mobile forces of three provinces, and followed the Marquis of Yifeng Xiao Xun against Lu Na in Xiang province. The army stopped at Baling before its camps were set when Lu Na sent men by night against the lines with a great uproar. The troops panicked — only Yi with a few dozen men held the camp gate, cut down more than ten of the enemy, beat the drums to restore order, and steadied the army. For this he was created Earl of Yidao. He was soon made governor of Tianmen and raised to marquis. When Western Wei besieged Jiangling, Yi led his commandery troops to the relief. When Wei took Jiangling he was captured by Later Liang; after long imprisonment he escaped and made his way back.
97
陳武帝受禪，毅與弟猛舉兵應王琳，琳敗奔齊，太尉侯瑱遣使招毅，毅率子弟部曲還朝。 太建初，為豐州刺史，封高昌縣侯。 入為左衛將軍。
When Chen Wudi took the throne, Yi and his younger brother Meng raised forces for Wang Lin; after Lin's defeat and flight to Qi, Grand Marshal Hou Tian sent to recruit Yi, and Yi returned to court with his sons, brothers, and household troops. At the opening of Taijian he was governor of Feng province and created marquis of Gaochang. He returned to court as general of the left guard.
98
五年，眾軍北伐，毅攻廣陵楚子城，拔之，擊走齊軍。 及呂梁喪師，詔以毅為大都督，率眾度淮，對清口築城，與周人相抗。 霖雨城壞，毅全軍自拔。 尋遷中領軍。 十一年，周將梁士彥圍壽陽，詔以毅為都督北討諸軍事。 十三年，為荊州刺史。
In the fifth year (573), during the northern campaign, Yi took Chuzi city at Guangling and drove off the Qi army. After the disaster at Luliang he was made grand area commander, crossed the Huai with his troops, built a fort opposite Qingkou, and held the Zhou forces at bay. Heavy rains collapsed the walls; Yi pulled the entire army out intact. He was soon transferred to central army director. In the eleventh year (579), when the Zhou general Liang Shiyan besieged Shouyang, he was made area commander of the northern punitive armies. In the thirteenth year (581) he became governor of Jing province.
99
後主即位，改封逍遙郡公。 入為侍中、護軍將軍。 及隋軍濟江，毅謂僕射袁憲曰：「京口、採石，俱是要所，各須銳卒數千，金翅二百，都下江中，上下防捍。 如其不然，大事去矣。」 諸將咸從其議。 會施文慶等寢隋兵消息，毅計不行。 台城平，隨例入關，卒。
When Chen Houzhu succeeded, his fief was changed to Duke of Xiaoyao. He returned to court as palace attendant and protector of the army. When Sui forces crossed the Yangzi, Yi told Vice Director Yuan Xian, "Jingkou and Caishi are both critical — each needs several thousand elite troops and two hundred Gold-Wing ships sent down from the capital to guard the river above and below. Otherwise the cause is lost. The commanders all agreed. But Shi Wenqing and his faction suppressed word of the Sui advance, and Yi's plan was never executed. After the fall of the capital he went to the north as other captives did and died there.
100
毅弟猛字智武，幼俶儻，有幹略。 及長，便弓馬，膽氣過人。 青溪之戰，猛自旦訖暮，與侯景軍短兵接戰，殺傷甚眾。 台城陷，隨兄毅西上。 梁南安侯方矩為湘州刺史，以猛為司馬。 會武陵王紀舉兵自漢江東下，方矩遣猛隨都督陸法和進軍拒之。 猛手禽紀父子三人，斬於鰨中，盡收其船艦器械。 以功封安山縣伯。 進軍撫定梁、益。 還遷司州刺史，進爵為侯。
Yi's younger brother Fan Meng, styled Zhiwu, was bold and capable even as a boy. Grown to manhood he excelled at bow and horse and his courage outmatched others. At Qingxi he fought hand to hand with Hou Jing's army from dawn till dusk, killing and wounding a great many. When the capital fell he went west with his brother Yi. Xiao Fangju, Marquis of Nan'an and governor of Xiang province under the Liang, made Meng his chief of staff. When the Prince of Wuling Xiao Ji marched east from the Han, Fangju sent Meng with Area Commander Lu Fahe to meet him. Meng personally seized Xiao Ji and his father and son — three men in all — and beheaded them at Tazhong, taking all their ships and gear. For this he was created Earl of Anshan. He advanced and pacified Liang and Yi. On his return he was made governor of Si province and raised to marquis.
101
論曰：梁氏雲季，運屬雲雷，陳武帝杖旗掃難，經綸伊始，胡穎、徐度、杜棱、周鐵武、程靈洗等，或感會風雲，畢力驅馳之日，或擢自降附，乃贊興王之始，咸得配享清廟，豈徒然哉。 沈恪行己之方，不踐非義之跡，子隆持身之節，無失事人之道，仁矣乎！ 錢道戢、駱文牙、孫瑒、徐世譜、周敷、荀朗、周炅、魯悉達、廣達、蕭摩訶、任忠、樊毅等，所以獲用當年，其道雖異，至於功名自立，亦各因時。 當金陵覆沒，抑惟天數，然任忠與亡之義，無乃致虧，與夫蕭、魯所行，固不同日。 持此百心，而事二主，欲求取信，不亦難乎？ 首領獲全，亦為幸也。
The Commentary says: In the Liang's last days, when fortune lay with storm and thunder, Chen Wudi raised his standard to clear away disaster. At the very founding of the realm, Hu Ying, Xu Du, Du Leng, Zhou Tiewu, Cheng Lingxi, and the rest — some seized the hour of upheaval and gave their all in the rush of conquest, others rose from among the surrendered and helped build the new dynasty from the start — all earned a place in the imperial temple. That was no empty honor. Shen Ke would not walk paths of injustice; Lu Zilong never failed in the duty owed to those he served — true humanity! Qian Daoji, Luo Wenya, Sun Yang, Xu Shipu, Zhou Fu, Xun Lang, Zhou Jiong, Lu Xida, Lu Guangda, Xiao Mohe, Ren Zhong, Fan Yi, and the rest won employment in their day because, though their roads differed, each made a name according to the times. When Jinling fell it was perhaps heaven's decree; yet Ren Zhong's loyalty to a dying state fell short — compared with what Xiao Mohe and Lu Guangda did, he stands on another day entirely. To keep one hundred loyalties in the heart yet serve two masters — how could trust be won? That these commanders kept their lives at all was luck enough.