Cai Xin (蔡新) | 24 Histories

Overview

Cai Xin was an official and Scholar.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Posthumous name	Wenduan	文端	Wenduan

Life and dates

Death

AD 1799 是冬
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 140

Age

90
AD 1796 嘉慶元年 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 137
four years older than the emperor
With Qianlong Emperor (高宗)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 124

Attested activity

AD 1796 嘉慶元年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 137
AD 1799 四年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passages 138-139
AD 1799 是冬
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 140
AD 1790 五十五年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 129
AD 1792 五十七年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 132
AD 1795 六十年
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 133

Show 2 more source-backed claims

AD 1785 to AD 1790 上臨雍講學
Dated from the passage context · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 121
AD 1796 to AD 1799 嘉慶初
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passages 147-148

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Kin of Shi Yuan (世遠)
family tradition 家法 · paternal line
Strongly inferred · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 144
Parent of Benjun (本俊)
son 子
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 147

Career and standing

Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent 太子太師
Granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 126
Grand Secretary heading the Directorate of Education 大學士領國子監
Held
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 121
Grand Tutor 太傅
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 140
duty in the Upper Study 上書房
Served · Duration forty-two years
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 143
Evergreen in the Green Fields 綠野恆春
AD 1796 嘉慶元年 · Bestowed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 137
one jin of ginseng 人葠一斤
AD 1790 五十五年 · Bestowed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 129

Show 5 more source-backed claims

tea and brocade 茶並文綺
AD 1785 to AD 1790 上臨雍講學 · Bestowed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 121
Wenduan 文端
Posthumous title
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 140
Permitted
Retirement · With Qianlong Emperor (高宗)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 126
leniency on account of great age 篤老寬之
Pardoned
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 146
asked to be handed over for official judgment 請下吏議
Requested
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 146

Places and affiliations

Polity Qing 清 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passages 121, 126
AD 1799 四年
At Fuzhou 福州 · Relation Stopped at
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 138
AD 1790 五十五年
At Beijing 京師 · Relation Traveled to
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 129
At native place 本籍 · Relation Resided
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passages 149-150

Learning and skills

Belief Confucian mind-cultivation seeking benevolence 以求仁為宗，以不動心為要 · Relation Adherent of
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 141

Works and attributed material

Jizhai collected poems and essays 緝齋詩文集
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 151
Jizhai collected poems and essays 緝齋詩文集
Relation Author
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 151
Records of Mind-Cultivation 事心錄
Relation Compiler
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 142
Memorial · Author · With Qianlong Emperor (高宗)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passages 126, 134
Speech · Speaker · Direct quotation
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 150

Events and relationships

Again attended Deer Call banquet
AD 1792 五十七年 · Ritual · Attendee
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 132
Congratulated eightieth birthday
AD 1790 五十五年 · Ritual · Guest · At Garden of Shared Joy 同樂園
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 129
Escorted home by local officials
Travel · Traveler
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 130
Expounded Changes
Ritual · Expounder · At Imperial Academy 雍 · With Qianlong Emperor (高宗)
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 121
Nurtured princes in Upper Study
Educational · Tutor
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 143
Set out for Gaozong mourning
AD 1799 四年 · Travel · Mourner · At Fuzhou 福州 · Outcome Fell ill and could not proceed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 138

Assessments and attributes

Assessment humble and cautious in retirement; showed courtesy to local officials as example · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passages 149-150
Assessment upright and cautious; words and deeds conformed to ritual and law · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 122
AD 1796 嘉慶元年
Item plaque and precious objects 額並諸珍物 · Relation Bestowed
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passage 137

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Draft History of Qing 320, passages 121, 140

References in the histories

Search passages

History

17 passages

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 320Volume 320 Biographies 107: San Bao, Yong Gui, Cai Xin, Cheng Jingyi, Liang Guozhi, Ying Lian, Peng Yuanrui, Ji Yun, Lu Xixiong, Lu Feichi · 17 passages

Open chapter

上臨雍講學，新以大學士領國子監，講易「天行健，君子以自強不息」，賜茶並文綺。 When the emperor lectured at the Imperial Academy, Xin, as Grand Secretary and head of the Directorate of Education, expounded the line "Heaven moves with strength; the noble man strengthens himself without ceasing" and received tea and brocade.

新操履端謹，言行必衷於禮法。 Xin was upright and cautious, and his words and deeds always conformed to ritual propriety.

獨新長朕四歲，或可居兄事。 Only Xin is four years my senior and might be treated as an elder brother.

新上疏乞致仕，語切至，上許其歸，加太子太師，三賦詩以餞。 Xin memorialized to retire in earnest terms; the emperor allowed him to go home, made him Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent, and composed three farewell poems.

既歸，上每製文，屢以寄新，且曰：「在朝無可與言古文者。 After he retired, the emperor often sent him new compositions, saying: "At court there is no one with whom I can discuss classical prose.

上仍以詩文寄新，諭將以驗學詣，戒詩毋和韻。 The emperor continued sending him poems and essays, telling him that when he came to demonstrate his learning he should not write matching-rhyme verse.

六十年，上御極六十載，諭新不必入賀。 In Qianlong 60, when the emperor marked sixty years on the throne, he told Xin he need not come to court to congratulate him.

新奏言上九旬萬壽，冀再詣闕祝嘏。 Xin memorialized that he hoped to come to court again when the emperor reached ninety.

嘉慶元年，新年九十，賜額曰「綠野恆春」，侑以諸珍物。 In Jiaqing 1, when Xin turned ninety, the court bestowed the plaque "Evergreen in the Green Fields" along with many precious gifts.

是冬，卒，贈太傅，諡文端。 That winter he died and was posthumously made Grand Tutor with the title Wénduān (Cultivated and Steady).

新學以求仁為宗，以不動心為要。 Xin's learning aimed at benevolence and prized an unmoved mind.