Du Fang (杜防) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Du Fang as a diplomat, official, poet, and statesman. This record brings together 14 passages from 3 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Du Fang	杜防	Du Fang
Surname	Du	杜	Dù
Personal name	Du Fang	杜防	Dù Fáng
Personal	Du Fang	杜防	Dù Fáng
Title	Exalted Father	尚父	Shàngfù
Given	Fang	防	Fáng
Posthumous name	Yuansu	元肅	Yuánsù

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · liaoshi:086:s0113, liaoshi:097:s0099

Roles

Diplomat
Official
Poet
Statesman

Life and dates

Death

Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0129

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 太平十一年 · Reign Id: liao-taiping · Regnal Year: 11 · Western Year: AD 1031
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:097:s0098, liaoshi:097:s0099
Source Date: Text: 清寧二年 · Reign Id: liao-qingning · Regnal Year: 2 · Western Year: AD 1056
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:086:s0127
Source Date: Text: 太平中 · Reign Id: liao-taiping · Western Interval: Start: AD 1021 · End: AD 1031
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:086:s0115
Source Date: Text: 十三年 · Western Year: AD 1044
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:019:s0107, liaoshi:019:s0111
Source Date: Text: 重熙九年 · Western Year: AD 1040
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:086:s0116
Source Date: Text: 重熙二十一年秋 · Western Year: AD 1052
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:086:s0125
Source Date: Text: 重熙十三年 · Western Year: AD 1044
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:086:s0121
Source Date: Text: 重熙十五年 · Western Year: AD 1046
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:086:s0122
Source Date: Text: 開泰五年 · Western Year: AD 1016
Explicit event contextual date · liaoshi:086:s0114

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Parent of Du Gongwei (杜公謂)
Kinship Term: son / 子 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son

Career and standing

Label: Administrative Drafting Attendant / 政事舍人 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 太平中 · Reign Id: liao-taiping · Western Interval: Start: AD 1021 · End: AD 1031
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0115
Label: Grand Councilor of the Southern Chancellery / 南府宰相 · Action: appointed · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 重熙十三年 · Western Year: AD 1044
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0121
Label: commissioner for the late emperor mausoleum / 大行皇帝山陵使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0126
Label: Court Diarist and drafter of edicts / 起居郎、知制誥 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0114
Label: Military Commissioner of Wuding / 武定軍節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0123
Label: Right Chief Councilor / 右丞相 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0129
Label: Southern Chancellor / 南府宰相 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:019:s0111
Label: Vice Commissioner of the Bureau of Military Affairs / 樞密副使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0115
Label: Vice Director of the Secretariat / 參知政事 · Action: appointed
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0118
Label: Associate Councilor / 參知政事 · Action: held
Explicit · liaoshi:019:s0111
Label: Grand Councilor of the Southern Chancellery / 南府宰相 · Action: recalled · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 重熙十七年 · Western Year: AD 1048
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0124
Label: Exalted Father / 尚父 · Action: granted
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0129
Label: Director of the Secretariat / 中書令 · Action: posthumously-granted
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0130

Places and affiliations

Polity Id: liao · Relation: served
Explicit · liaoshi:019:s0111, liaoshi:086:s0114, liaoshi:097:s0099
Place: Guiyi County, Zhuo Prefecture / 涿州歸義縣
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0113

Learning and skills

Credential: jinshi top class / 進士甲科 · Action: earned · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 開泰五年 · Western Year: AD 1016
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0114

Events and relationships

Kind: diplomatic · Role: mediator · Action: mediated Tangut-Song peace · Other Person Id: Guo Zhen (郭稹) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 重熙九年 · Western Year: AD 1040
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0117, liaoshi:086:s0118
Kind: literary · Role: poet · Action: poem ranked first at Empress Rende rites · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 重熙二十一年秋 · Western Year: AD 1052
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0125
Relation: rival-of · Person Id: Liu Liufu (劉六符)
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0119
Relation: rival-of · Person Id: Han Shaofang (韓紹芳)
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0119

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: bore imperial commission abroad without disgrace · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0187
Assessment: had the makings of a chief minister · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0114
Item: gold belt / 金帶 · Relation: bestowed
Explicit · liaoshi:086:s0125

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

History of Liao, Chapter 19Volume 19 Annals 19: Xingzong 2 · 1 passage

Open chapter

丙辰，以參知政事杜防為南府宰相。 On bingchen day Associate Councilor Du Fang was appointed Southern Chancellor.

History of Liao, Chapter 86Volume 86 Biographies 16: Yelu Hezhu, Liu Jing, Liu Liufu, Ye Luniaolu, Niu Wenshu, Du Fang, Xiao Heshang, Yelu Helizhi, Yelu Pode · 12 passages

Open chapter

耶律合住劉景劉六符耶律甗履牛溫舒杜防蕭和尚 Yelu Hezhu, Liu Jing, Liu Liufu, Yelu Lü, Niu Wenshu, Du Fang, and Xiao Heshang

六符與參知政事杜防有隙，防以六符嘗受宋賂，白其事，出為長寧軍節度使，俄召為三司使。 Liufu and Vice Director Du Fang were at odds; Fang reported that Liufu had once taken bribes from Song. He was sent out as military commissioner of Changning, but was soon recalled as commissioner of the Three Bureaus.

杜防，涿州歸義縣人。 Du Fang came from Guiyi County in Zhuo Prefecture.

宋遣郭稹來告，請與夏和，上命防使夏解之。 Song sent Guo Zhen to report the crisis and ask for peace with the Tangut; the emperor ordered Fang to mediate with the Tangut.

韓紹芳、劉六符忌之，防待以誠。 Han Shaofang and Liu Liufu were jealous of him, yet Fang treated them with sincerity.

十二年，紹芳等罷，愈見信任。 In the twelfth year Shaofang and his faction were dismissed, and Fang won still greater trust.

十五年，防生子，帝幸其第，賜名王門奴。 In the fifteenth year Fang had a son; the emperor visited his home and gave the child the name Wangmennu.

二十一年秋，祭仁德皇后，詔儒臣賦詩，防為冠，賜金帶。 In the autumn of the twenty-first year, at the rites for Empress Rende, the court ordered scholar-officials to compose poems; Fang's ranked first, and he was granted a gold belt.

清寧二年，上諭防曰：「朕以卿年老嗜酒，不欲煩以劇務。 In the second year of Qingning the emperor told Fang, "You are old and fond of wine, and I do not wish to burden you with heavy duties.

頃之，拜右丞相，加尚父，卒。 Soon afterward he was made right chief councilor and honored as Exalted Father, then died.

上嘆悼不已，赗贈加等，官給葬具，贈中書令，謚曰元肅。 The emperor mourned him deeply, increased the funeral gifts, supplied state burial goods, posthumously made him director of the Secretariat, and gave him the posthumous title Yuansu.

牛、杜、頗的、合裏只輩銜命出使，幸不辱命。 Niu, Du, Pode, Helizhi, and men of their stamp went abroad on imperial commission and, fortunately, did not disgrace their missions.

History of Liao, Chapter 97Volume 97 Biographies 27: Yelu Wotela, Hai Li, Dou Jingyong, Yelu Yinji, Yang Ji, Zhao Hui, Wang Guan, Yelu Xisun · 1 passage

Open chapter

與杜防、韓知白等擅給進士堂帖，降長寧軍節度使，徙知涿州。 Together with Du Fang, Han Zhibai, and others he arbitrarily issued jinshi hall credentials; he was demoted to Military Commissioner of Changning Army and transferred to administer Zhuo Prefecture.