Emperor Lizong (理宗)

Overview

The translated histories identify Emperor Lizong as a ruler. This record brings together 8 passages from 4 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Emperor Lizong	理宗	Lizong
Temple	Emperor Lizong	理宗	Lizong
Temple name	Li	理
Temple	Lizong	理宗	Lizong
Temple	Lizong	理宗
Temple name	Lizong	理	Lǐ

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · songshi:107:s0210, songshi:112:s0147, songshi:469:s0167
Sex: male
Explicit · songshi:497:s0026

Roles

Ruler

Life and dates

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 景定四年 · Western Year: AD 1263
Explicit event contextual date · songshi:469:s0173
Source Date: Text: 理、度之世 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1224 · End: AD 1264
Explicit event contextual date · songshi:497:s0026
Source Date: Text: 理宗 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1224 · End: AD 1264
Strongly inferred · songshi:112:s0147
Source Date: Text: 理宗朝 · Western Interval: Start: AD 1224 · End: AD 1264
Explicit event contextual date · songshi:469:s0167
Source Date: Text: 理宗紹定四年九月丙戌 · Western Year: AD 1231
Explicit event contextual date · songshi:107:s0210

Places and affiliations

Label: Song / 宋 · Relation: ruled
Explicit · songshi:497:s0026
Polity: Song / 宋 · Relation: ruled
Explicit · songshi:112:s0147

Events and relationships

Kind: ritual · Role: honoree · Action: birthday-festival-established · Label: Tianji Festival / 天基節
Explicit · songshi:112:s0147
Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: borders-shrank
Explicit · songshi:497:s0026
Kind: disaster · Role: reigning-emperor · Action: capital-fire-reached-ancestral-temple · Place: Imperial Ancestral Temple / 太廟 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 理宗紹定四年九月丙戌 · Western Year: AD 1231
Explicit · songshi:107:s0210

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

History of Song, Chapter 107Volume 107 Treatises 60: Rites 10 · 1 passage

Open chapter

理宗紹定四年九月丙戌，京師大火，延及太廟。 On the ninth day of the ninth month, bingxu, of the fourth year of Shaoding, a great fire broke out in the capital and spread to the Imperial Ancestral Temple.

History of Song, Chapter 112Volume 112 Treatises 65: Rites 15 · 1 passage

Open chapter

孝宗以十月二十二日為會慶節，光宗以九月四日為重明節，寧宗以十月十九日為天祐節、尋改為瑞慶節，理宗以正月五日為天基節，度宗以四月九日為乾會節，瀛國公以九月二十八日為天瑞節。 Xiaozong’s birthday was observed on the twenty-second day of the tenth month as the Huiqing Festival; Guangzong’s on the fourth day of the ninth month as the Chongming Festival; Ningzong’s on the nineteenth day of the tenth month as the Tianyou Festival, soon renamed the Ruiqing Festival; Lizong’s on the fifth day of the first month as the Tianji Festival; Duzong’s on the ninth day of the fourth month as the Qianhui Festival; and the Lord of Ying’s on the twenty-eighth day of the ninth month as the Tianrui Festival.

History of Song, Chapter 469Volume 469 Biographies 228: Eunuchs 4: Shao Chengzhang, Lan Gui Kanglu, Feng Yi, Zhang Quwei, Chen Yuan, Gan Bian, Wang Deqian, Guan Li, Dong Songchen · 5 passages

Open chapter

董宋臣，理宗朝宦者。 Dong Songchen was a eunuch of Lizong’s reign.

宋臣讚帝遷幸寧海軍，簽判文天祥上疏乞誅宋臣，又不報。 Songchen urged the court to flee to Ninghai Army; signing clerk Wen Tianxiang begged for his execution—again ignored.

言者論宋臣不置，帝曲為諭解庇之。 Critics said Songchen should not hold office; the emperor excused and shielded him.

疏入，帝亦不之省。 The memorial was ignored.

既卒，帝猶命特轉節度使，其見寵愛如此。 After his death the emperor still posthumously made him Military Commissioner—such was the favor he enjoyed.

History of Song, Chapter 497Volume 497: Appendix: History of Song Table Revision of Official Titles · 1 passage

Open chapter

光、寧之朝，僅守宗社，理、度之世，日蹙封疆，顧乃拘信使以渝盟，納畔臣而侵境，由權奸之擅命，啟事釁以召兵。 Under the Guang and Ning reigns they barely preserved the altars of state; under Lizong and Duzong the borders shrank day by day; yet they detained envoys in violation of treaties, welcomed defecting ministers and allowed border incursions—because powerful traitors usurped authority, they provoked incidents and invited war.