Khitan Emperor 契丹主

Other names

Family

• Parent of Jingtang (敬瑭)
  father 父 · Claimed parentage · Other · AD 936 是夜
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passages 148, 178, 184
• Descendant of Former Sage King (先哲王)
  former sage king 先哲王 · paternal line
  Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passages 182-183

Career and standing

• Khitan ruler 契丹主
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 138

Places and affiliations

• Polity Khitan 契丹 · Relation Ruled
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passages 138, 174
• AD 936 九月丁酉
  At Yanmen 雁門 · Relation Entered · Mode named-source-report Source Work History of Liao 遼史
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 140
• AD 936 九月辛丑
  At Yanmen 雁門 · Relation Advanced from
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 138
• AD 936 己亥
  At Taiyuan 太原 · Relation Halted at · Mode named-source-report Source Work History of Liao 遼史
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 142
• AD 936 戊戌
  At Xinzhou 忻州 · Relation Halted at · Mode named-source-report Source Work History of Liao 遼史
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 141

Works and attributed material

• investiture edict 冊文
  Relation Author
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passages 173-174
• AD 936 十一月
  Speech · Speaker · With Jingtang (敬瑭) · Direct quotation
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passages 164-167
• AD 936 天顯九年十一月丙戌朔十二日丁酉
  Investiture edict · Author · With Jingtang (敬瑭) · Direct quotation
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passages 173-189
• Message · Author · With Jingtang (敬瑭) · Direct quotation
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 143
• Speech · Speaker · With Jingtang (敬瑭) · Direct quotation · Mode named-source-report Source Work Khitan State Annals 契丹國志
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passages 152-154
• Speech · Speaker · With Jingtang (敬瑭) · Direct quotation
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 147

Events and relationships

• Besieged camp
  AD 936 明日 · Military · Commander · With Zhang Jingda (張敬達)
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 156
• Bestowed robes and cap
  AD 936 十一月 · Ritual · Investing sovereign · With Jingtang (敬瑭)
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 169
• Cut relief routes
  Military · Commander · At Jin'an 晉安 · Mode named-source-report Source Work History of Liao 遼史
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 162
• Grasped hand
  AD 936 是夜 · Diplomatic · Participant · With Jingtang (敬瑭)
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passages 147-148
• Joined battle
  AD 936 九月 · Military · Commander · With Gao Xingzhou (高行周), Fu Yanqing (符彥卿)
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 145
• Led host south
  AD 936 九月辛丑 · Military · Commander · At Yanmen 雁門
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 138

Assessments and attributes

• Assessment bearing broad and magnanimous; insight deep and far-reaching; truly fit to be a ruler of a state · With Jingtang (敬瑭) · Mode quoted-speech Speaker Khitan Emperor (契丹主)
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 165
• Assessment came personally to aid, swift as lightning; historian asks whether this was Heaven's intent · Mode historian-judgment
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 157

Source notes

• slight in person, holds the northern lands
  Mode quoted-speech Speaker Khitan Emperor (契丹主)
  Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 75, passage 182