Qin and Han · Ruler

King Hunxie 渾邪王

Hunxie Wang

Attested BC 121 - BC 121

Passages: 8
Chapters: 4
Histories: 2

Overview

The translated histories identify King Hunxie as a ruler and tribal leader. This record brings together 8 passages from 4 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	King Hunxie	渾邪王	Hunxie Wang
Title	Hunye	渾邪
Alternate name	Hunye	渾邪	Húnyé
Title	Hunye king	渾邪王
Title	Hunye King	渾邪王	Húnyé wáng
Title	King Hunxie	渾邪王	Hunxie Wang

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · hanshu:059:s0197
Sex: male
Explicit · shiji:120:s0082

Roles

Ruler
Tribal Leader

Life and dates

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 其秋 · Western Year: BC 121
Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:071:s0053, hanshu:071:s0052
Source Date: Text: 渾邪王來降 · Western Year: BC 121
Explicit event contextual date · hanshu:059:s0197
Source Date: Text: 渾邪王降漢 · Western Year: BC 121
Explicit · shiji:120:s0082

Places and affiliations

Polity: Xiongnu
Strongly inferred · hanshu:027:s0103
Polity: Han / 漢 · Relation: surrendered-to
Explicit · shiji:120:s0082
Polity: Xiongnu / 匈奴 · Relation: ruled
Explicit · shiji:120:s0082

Events and relationships

Kind: surrender · Role: ruler · Action: surrendered-to-han · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 其秋 · Western Year: BC 121
Explicit · hanshu:071:s0053
Kind: diplomatic · Role: surrendering-ruler · Action: surrendered-to-Han · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 匈奴渾邪王帥眾來降 · Western Year: BC 121
Explicit · hanshu:059:s0197
Kind: military · Role: surrendering-leader · Action: surrendered · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 匈奴渾邪王率眾來降 · Western Year: BC 121
Explicit · shiji:120:s0082

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Book of Han, Chapter 27Volume 24b: Treatise on Trade 2 · 1 passage

渾邪王率數萬眾來降，於是漢發車三萬兩迎之。 When Hunxie surrendered with a huge following, Han mounted a massive reception logistics operation.

Book of Han, Chapter 59Volume 50: Zhang, Feng, Ji and Zheng · 3 passages

居無何，匈奴渾邪王帥眾來降，漢發車二萬乘。 Not long after, the Hunye king came in with his tribes and the court ordered twenty thousand wagons to meet him.

後渾邪王至，賈人與市者，坐當死五百餘人。 When Hunye arrived, over five hundred traders who had dealt with him were condemned to die.

今縱不能，渾邪帥數萬之眾來，虛府庫賞賜，發良民侍養，若奉驕子。 Instead you drain the vaults to reward them, press good farmers into service as their valets, and coddle them like spoiled heirs.

Book of Han, Chapter 71Volume 61: Zhang Qian and Li Guangli · 1 passage

其秋，渾邪王率眾降漢，而金城、河西並南山至鹽澤，空無匈奴。 That autumn Hunye king came over with his people, and from Jincheng and the Hexi corridor south to the salt lakes the steppe lay empty of nomads.

Records of the Grand Historian, Chapter 120Biographies of Ji and Zheng · 3 passages

居無何，匈奴渾邪王率眾來降，漢發車二萬乘。 Not long afterward, the Xiongnu King of Hunye led his people in surrender to the Han, and the court mobilized twenty thousand chariots to receive them.

及渾邪至，賈人與市者，坐當死者五百餘人。 When the Hunye people arrived, more than five hundred merchants who had traded with them were convicted and sentenced to death.

今縱不能，渾邪率數萬之眾來降，虛府庫賞賜，發良民侍養，譬若奉驕子。 Even if that is no longer possible, now that the King of Hunye has led tens of thousands in surrender, you drain the treasury to shower them with rewards and mobilize honest citizens to wait upon and feed them—as though indulging a spoiled child.