Overview
The translated histories identify Later Liang Last Emperor as a ruler. This record brings together 27 passages from 1 chapter across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.
Names
| Type | English | Chinese | Pinyin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal | Later Liang Last Emperor | 末帝 | |
| Title | Emperor | 帝 | |
| Title | Later Liang Last Emperor | 末帝 | |
| Title | Liang ruler | 梁主 | |
| Changed | Zhen | 瑱 |
Identity
- Historicity
- Historical
- Identification
- Named
- Sex
- Uncertain
Roles
- Ruler
Life and dates
Death
- Treatment: body collected and buried; head retained at the Grand Altar · Authority Person Id: Emperor Zhuangzong of Later Tang (後唐莊宗) · Agent Person Id: Lou Jiying (婁繼英)Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0195
- Treatment: head authorized for collection and burial · Agent Person Id: An Chongruan (安崇阮) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 晉天福二年五月 · Regnal Year: 2 · Lunar Month: 5 · Western Year: AD 937Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0196, jiuwudaishi:010:s0197
- Statement: died in his eleventh year on the ninth day of the tenth month · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 一十一年至十月九日 · Regnal Year: 11 · Lunar Month: 10 · Day Of Month: 9 · Western Year: AD 923 · Provenance: Mode: omen-fulfillment-report
- Manner: killed with a blade by Huangfu Lin at his own request · Responsible Person Id: Consort Guo (妃郭氏) · Place: beneath the Founding Tower corridor / 建國樓之廊下 · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 龍德三年冬十月戊寅夕 · Regnal Year: 3 · Season: winter · Lunar Month: 10 · Sexagenary Day: 戊寅 · Time: evening · Western Year: AD 923
Age
- Years: 36 · Reckoning: source-stated · Provenance: Mode: named-source-report · Source Work: Five Dynasties Institutional CompendiumExplicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0181
Attested activity
- Source Date: Text: 貞明六年夏四月己亥 · Regnal Year: 6 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 4 · Sexagenary Day: 己亥 · Western Year: AD 920Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:010:s0005, jiuwudaishi:010:s0023
- Source Date: Text: 晉天福二年五月 · Regnal Year: 2 · Lunar Month: 5 · Western Year: AD 937Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:010:s0196, jiuwudaishi:010:s0197
- Source Date: Text: 龍德元年 · Regnal Year: 1 · Western Year: AD 921Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:010:s0087, jiuwudaishi:010:s0136
- Source Date: Text: 龍德三年 · Regnal Year: 3 · Western Year: AD 923Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:010:s0148, jiuwudaishi:010:s0195
Family
Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.
- Sibling of You Neng (友能)Kinship Term: brother / 伯仲 · Subject Role: brother · Object Role: brother · Shared Parentage: uncertain
- Spouse of Consort Guo (妃郭氏)Kinship Term: consort / 妃 · Union Category: secondary-marriage · Subject Role: consort · Object Role: emperor
- Child of Former Emperor (先帝)Kinship Term: father / 先帝 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: father · Object Role: son
Places and affiliations
- Label: Later Liang / 梁 · Relation: ruledExplicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0009, jiuwudaishi:010:s0194
Works and attributed material
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Status: quoted · Summary: condemnation, pardon, and demotion of Zhu Youneng · Other Person Id: You Neng (友能) · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Later Liang Last Emperor (末帝)Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0121, jiuwudaishi:010:s0122, jiuwudaishi:010:s0123, jiuwudaishi:010:s0124, jiuwudaishi:010:s0125, jiuwudaishi:010:s0126, jiuwudaishi:010:s0127, jiuwudaishi:010:s0128, jiuwudaishi:010:s0129, jiuwudaishi:010:s0130, jiuwudaishi:010:s0131, jiuwudaishi:010:s0132, jiuwudaishi:010:s0133, jiuwudaishi:010:s0134, jiuwudaishi:010:s0135, jiuwudaishi:010:s0136
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Status: quoted · Summary: appointments for long-unemployed officials and Presented Scholars · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Later Liang Last Emperor (末帝)
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Status: quoted · Summary: regulation of monastic titles and ordination · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Later Liang Last Emperor (末帝)
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Status: quoted · Summary: self-reproach, era change to Longde, amnesty, tax relief, rewards, and restoration · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Later Liang Last Emperor (末帝)Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0090, jiuwudaishi:010:s0091, jiuwudaishi:010:s0092, jiuwudaishi:010:s0093, jiuwudaishi:010:s0094, jiuwudaishi:010:s0095, jiuwudaishi:010:s0096, jiuwudaishi:010:s0097, jiuwudaishi:010:s0098, jiuwudaishi:010:s0099, jiuwudaishi:010:s0100, jiuwudaishi:010:s0101, jiuwudaishi:010:s0102, jiuwudaishi:010:s0103, jiuwudaishi:010:s0104, jiuwudaishi:010:s0105, jiuwudaishi:010:s0106, jiuwudaishi:010:s0107, jiuwudaishi:010:s0108, jiuwudaishi:010:s0109, jiuwudaishi:010:s0110, jiuwudaishi:010:s0111, jiuwudaishi:010:s0112, jiuwudaishi:010:s0113
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Status: quoted · Summary: special campaign bounty and its announcement · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Later Liang Last Emperor (末帝)
- Kind: edict · Role: author · Status: quoted · Summary: war, tax relief, debt limits, commuted punishments, and restoration of demoted officials · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Later Liang Last Emperor (末帝)Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0005, jiuwudaishi:010:s0006, jiuwudaishi:010:s0007, jiuwudaishi:010:s0008, jiuwudaishi:010:s0009, jiuwudaishi:010:s0010, jiuwudaishi:010:s0011, jiuwudaishi:010:s0012, jiuwudaishi:010:s0013, jiuwudaishi:010:s0014, jiuwudaishi:010:s0015, jiuwudaishi:010:s0016, jiuwudaishi:010:s0017, jiuwudaishi:010:s0018, jiuwudaishi:010:s0019, jiuwudaishi:010:s0020, jiuwudaishi:010:s0021, jiuwudaishi:010:s0022, jiuwudaishi:010:s0023
- Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Wang Zan (王瓚) · Status: quoted · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Later Liang Last Emperor (末帝)Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0170
- Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Other Person Id: Huangfu Lin (皇甫麟) · Status: quoted · Summary: ordered Huangfu Lin to end his life rather than let him be captured · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Later Liang Last Emperor (末帝)Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0176, jiuwudaishi:010:s0177
- Kind: speech · Role: speaker · Status: quoted · Statement: There are enough pearls. · Provenance: Mode: direct-quotation · Speaker Person Id: Later Liang Last Emperor (末帝)Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0186
Events and relationships
- Kind: personal · Role: buyer · Action: bought pearls and said their number was sufficient; the crowd regarded it as an omen · Provenance: Mode: omen-reportExplicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0186, jiuwudaishi:010:s0187
- Kind: military · Role: ruler · Action: ordered armies to defeat Zhu Youneng's rebellion · Other Person Id: You Neng (友能) · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 龍德元年夏四月 · Regnal Year: 1 · Season: summer · Lunar Month: 4 · Western Year: AD 921
- Kind: political · Role: ruler · Action: ordered Dong Zhang appointed prefect and sent against Pei Yue · Other Person Id: Dong Zhang (董璋)Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0148
- Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0193, jiuwudaishi:010:s0194
Assessments and attributes
- Assessment: benevolent but lacking martial prowess; intelligent but unable to detect treachery; inherited no accumulated virtue and relied on power-seeking ministers · Outcome: a strong enemy arrived and his dynasty ended · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgmentExplicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0198
- Assessment: Heaven's mandate had a destination, but human planning also caused the failure · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgmentExplicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0199
- Item: dynastic seal / 傳國寶 · Relation: possessed-then-stolen · Destination: Tang emperorExplicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0175
Source notes
- Field: name-omen interpretation · Statement: The received sentence is corrupt; contemporaries split characters as one-ten-one and tenth-month eighteenth, with an alternate reading in Prime Tortoise of the Imperial Archives. · Provenance: Mode: editorial-note · Source Work: Prime Tortoise of the Imperial Archives
- From: Unknown · To: Zhen / 瑱 · Action: changed-name · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 末年 · Western Year: AD 923Explicit · jiuwudaishi:010:s0188
References in the histories
Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.