Liu Ci (劉詞) | 24 Histories

Overview

The translated histories identify Liu Ci as a general, military officer, official, and soldier. This record brings together 12 passages from 4 chapters across 2 histories, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Liu Ci	劉詞	Liu Ci
Given	Ci	詞
Courtesy name	Haoqian	好謙	Hǎoqiān
Alternate	Liu Ci	劉詞	Liu Ci
Personal name	Liu Ci	劉詞	Liú Cí
Posthumous name	Loyal and Kind	忠惠

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · jiuwudaishi:102:s0027
Sex: male
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0074
Value: male
Explicit · xinwudaishi:070:s0053

Roles

General
Military Officer
Official
Soldier

Life and dates

Death

Date Context: Source Date: Text: 明年卒於鎮 · Western Year: AD 955 · Age: Value: 65 · Reckoning: sui
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0092
Description: died / 卒 · Western Year: AD 955
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:115:s0190

Age

Value: 65 · Reckoning: sui · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 明年卒於鎮 · Western Year: AD 955
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0092

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 世宗戰高平 · Western Year: AD 954
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0089
Source Date: Text: 乾祐二年 · Western Year: AD 949
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:102:s0027
Source Date: Text: 唐莊宗下魏博 · Western Year: AD 923
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:050:s0076
Source Date: Text: 明年卒於鎮 · Western Year: AD 955
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0092
Source Date: Text: 顯德二年 · Western Year: AD 955
Explicit event contextual date · jiuwudaishi:115:s0190
Source Date: Text: 顯德元年 · Western Year: AD 954
Explicit event contextual date · xinwudaishi:070:s0053, xinwudaishi:070:s0043

Career and standing

Label: Associate Grand Councilor / 同中書門下平章事 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0087
Label: Follow-the-Emperor Supreme Commander / 隨駕都部署 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0090
Label: Long-Sword commander / 長劍指揮使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0076
Label: Loyalty Manifestation army commissioner / 效節軍使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0076
Label: prefect of Bi / 泌州刺史 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0080
Label: Zhenguo military commissioner / 鎮國軍節度使 · Action: appointed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0086
Description: military commissioner of the Yongxing Army / 永興軍節度使 · Western Year: AD 955
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:115:s0190
Label: posthumously Palace Attendant / 贈侍中 · Action: bestowed
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0092
Label: demoted to Yu prefecture / 左遷汝州 · Action: demoted
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0076

Places and affiliations

Place: Yuancheng in Daming / 大名元城
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0074

Works and attributed material

Kind: speech · Role: speaker
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0083, xinwudaishi:050:s0084

Events and relationships

Kind: military · Role: commander · Action: advanced-despite-rout · Place: Gaoping / 高平
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0089, xinwudaishi:050:s0090
Kind: military · Role: defender · Action: defeated rebel attack
Explicit · jiuwudaishi:102:s0033
Kind: military · Role: rearguard-commander · Action: pursued · Other Person Id: Liu Chong (劉崇)
Explicit · xinwudaishi:070:s0053

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: kept martial readiness even at leisure · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · xinwudaishi:050:s0083

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 102Volume 102 Book of Later Jin 4: Emperor Yin Annals 2 · 2 passages

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時蜀軍自大散關來援王景崇，郭威自將兵赴岐下，將行，戒白文珂、劉詞等曰：「賊之驍勇，並在城西，慎為儆備。」 At the time Shu troops came from Dasan Pass to aid Wang Jingchong. Guo Wei personally led troops toward Qizhou. Before departing he admonished Bai Wenke, Liu Ci, and the others: "The rebels' fierce warriors are all west of the city—take strict precautions."

賊軍已入王師寨中，劉詞極力拒之，短兵既接，遂敗之。 The rebel army had already entered the imperial army's camp. Liu Ci resisted with all his strength, and once close combat was joined he defeated them.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 115Volume 115 Book of Later Zhou 17: Shizong Annals 2 · 1 passage

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永興軍奏，節度使劉詞卒。 Yongxing Army reported that commissioner Liu Ci had died.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 50Volume 50 Miscellaneous Biographies 30: Wang Jun, Wang Yin, Liu Ci, Wang Huan, Zhe Congruan · 8 passages

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劉詞，字好謙，大名元城人也。 Liu Ci, styled Haoqian, came from Yuancheng in Daming.

唐莊宗下魏博，與梁戰夾河，詞以軍功為效節軍使，遷長劍指揮使，坐事左遷汝州十餘年。 Zhuangzong took Wei-Bo and fought Liang along the Yellow River. Ci rose by military merit to Loyalty Manifestation commissioner and Long-Sword commander, then was demoted to Yu Prefecture for more than ten years after an offense.

廢帝時，詔諸州鎮選驍勇者充禁軍，詞得選為禁軍校。 The Deposed Emperor ordered circuits to pick the fierce for the Palace Guard; Ci was chosen.

詞居暇日，常被甲枕戈而臥，謂人曰：「我以此取富貴，豈可一日輒忘之？ On free days Ci slept in mail with a blade for pillow and told others: "I won rank by this—how forget it for one day!

漢軍討李守貞於河中，詞以侍衛步軍都指揮使領寧江軍節度使，為行營都虞候，以功拜鎮國軍節度使。 Han marched on Li Shouzhen at Hezhong. Ci was Foot Guard commander with Ningjiang and field deputy commander, then Zhenguo commissioner by merit.

世宗戰高平，樊愛能等軍敗南走，遇詞而止之曰：「軍敗矣，可無前也。」 At Gaoping, Fan Aineng’s men broke south. They met Ci and cried: "The army is lost—go no farther."

詞不聽，輒趣兵以進，世宗嘉之，以為隨駕都部署。 Ci would not hear them and drove his men on. Shizong praised him and made him Follow-the-Emperor supreme commander.

明年卒於鎮，年六十五，贈侍中，謚忠惠。 He died in post next year at sixty-five, posthumously Palace Attendant with the title Loyal and Kind.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 70Volume 70: Hereditary House of Eastern Han · 1 passage

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是時，周之後軍，劉詞將之，在後未至，而世宗銳於速戰，戰已勝，詞軍繼至，因乘勝追擊之，旻又大敗，輜重器甲、乘輿服御物皆為周師所獲。 Liu Ci's rearguard had not caught up; Shizong fought fast and won; then Ci arrived and pursued; Min suffered a second rout; wagons, armor, chariots, court dress, and imperial gear fell to Zhou.