Quanyu (全昱) | 24 Histories

Overview

Quanyu was a prince of Guang; Elder Brother of Later Liang Founder.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Posthumous name	Dejing	德靖	Déjìng

Life and dates

Death

AD 916 貞明二年
Cause Illness
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 226
AD 916 貞明二年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 5

Attested activity

AD 907 乙酉
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passages 95, 104
AD 911 乾化元年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 2
AD 907 to AD 916 全昱視之…貞明二年全昱以疾薨
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passages 99, 226
AD 875 to AD 904 其生三子…自匿於廣王
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passages 16, 44
AD 907 受禪後
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 1
AD 907 开平元年
Dated from the passage context · New History of the Five Dynasties 2, passage 160

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AD 875 to AD 912 與仲兄存俱亡為盜…以太師致仕
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passages 95-96, 98
AD 916 貞明二年
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 5

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Sibling of Zhu Cun (朱存)
elder brother 兄 · Full siblings · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 16
Sibling of Zhu Cun (朱存)
elder brother 兄 · Full siblings · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 87
Sibling of Zhu Quanzhong (硃全忠)
elder brother 兄 · Uncertain siblings
elder brother 兄 · Full siblings · paternal line
eldest brother 長兄 · Full siblings
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 2, passage 160; New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passages 16, 87, 99; Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passages 1, 8
Sibling of Emperor Taizu of Later Liang (太祖)
elder brother 皇兄 · paternal line
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 104
Child of Emperor Mu (穆皇帝)
father 父 · paternal line
Strongly inferred · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passages 16, 26
Parent of Zhu Youliang (朱友諒)
father 父 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 104
Parent of You Hui (友誨)
father 父 · paternal line
son 子
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 104; Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 21
Parent of Zhu Youneng (朱友能)
father 父 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 104
Child of Mother of Taizu (太祖母)
mother 母 · maternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 96
Child of Empress Wenhui (文惠皇后王氏)
mother 母 · maternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 16
Parent of Zhu Youliang (朱友諒)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 94
Parent of Zhu Youneng (朱友能)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 94
Parent of Zhu Youhui (son of Quanyu) (朱友誨)
son 子 · paternal line
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 94
Parent of You Neng (友能)
son 子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 115
Parent of You Liang (友諒)
son 子
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passages 3, 17

Kinship Role sons · Count 3
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passages 94, 104

Key source chapters

Career and standing

military commissioner of Songzhou 宋州節度使
AD 912 庶人篡位 · Appointed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 4
military governor of Lingnan West 嶺南西道節度使
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 97
Grand Preceptor 太師
Retired with
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 98
Prince of Guang 廣王
AD 907 乙酉 · Received
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passages 95, 104
Director of the Imperial Secretariat 尚書令
Posthumously granted
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 7
Prince of Guang 廣王
AD 907 受禪後 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 1

Show 4 more source-backed claims

Prince of Guang 廣王
AD 907 太祖即位 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 95
Prince of Guang 廣王
AD 907 开平元年 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 2, passage 160
Prince of Guang 廣王
AD 907 乙酉 · Held
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 104
Prince of Guang 廣王
Held
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passages 16, 44

Places and affiliations

AD 907 乙酉
Polity Later Liang 後梁 · Relation Member of ruling house
Dated from the passage context · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 104
Polity Later Liang 梁 · Relation Enfeoffed in
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 2, passage 160
At Dangshan 碭山
Strongly inferred · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 10
At Dangshan 碭山
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 103
At Dangshan native home 碭山故里 · Relation Resided at
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 103

Works and attributed material

Speech · Speaker · Addressed to Zhu Quanzhong (硃全忠)
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 10
Speech · Speaker · With Zhu Quanzhong (硃全忠) · Direct quotation · Mode named-speech Speaker Quanyu (全昱)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passages 99-101

Events and relationships

Mocked taizu at abdication rehearsal
Ritual · Witness · With Zhu Quanzhong (硃全忠)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 99
Wept at taizu sickbed
Personal · Visitor · With Zhu Quanzhong (硃全忠)
Directly stated · New History of the Five Dynasties 13, passage 224

Assessments and attributes

Assessment single honest speech spared his line · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 12, passage 16

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · Old History of the Five Dynasties 3, passage 104

References in the histories

Search passages

History

28 passages

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 3Volume 3 Book of Later Liang 3: Taizu Annals 3 · 1 passage

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乙酉，立皇兄全昱為廣王，皇子友文為博王，友珪為郢王，友璋為福王，友雍為賀王，友徽為建王。 On yiyou the Emperor enfeoffed his brother Quanyu as Prince of Guang and his sons Youwen, Yougui, Youzhang, Youyong, and Youhui as Princes of Bo, E, Fu, He, and Jian.

Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 12Volume 12 Book of Later Liang 12: Biographies 2: Imperial Family · 12 passages

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廣王全昱，太祖長兄，受禪後封。 Quan Yu, Prince of Guang, was the Founder's eldest brother and received his princely title when the dynasty was founded.

庶人篡位，授宋州節度使。 After the commoner (Zhu Yougui) usurped the throne, Quan Yu was made military commissioner of Songzhou.

〈（《五代會要》：全昱，贈尚書令，諡德靖。 (The 《Five Dynasties Essentials》 records that Quan Yu was posthumously honored as Director of the Imperial Secretariat with the posthumous title Dejing.

《五代史闕文》：全昱，梁祖之兄也。 The 《Lacunae of the History of the Five Dynasties》 identifies Quan Yu as the Liang founder's elder brother.

因為博戲，全昱酒酣，忽起取骰子擊盆迸散，大呼梁祖曰：「朱三，汝碭山一民，因天下饑荒，入黃巢作賊，天子用汝為四鎮節度使，富貴足矣，何故滅他李家三百年社稷，稱王稱朕，吾不忍見血吾族矣，安用博為！」 At dice play Quan Yu, drunk, leaped up, smashed the bowl with his dice, and shouted at the Liang founder: "Zhu Third! You were a peasant from Dangshan who joined Huang Chao's rebels in famine; the throne made you lord of four circuits—that should have been enough. Why wipe out the Li dynasty's three-century altars and call yourself king and Son of Heaven? I will not watch our family slaughtered—why gamble at all!"

臣護按《梁史》《廣王全昱傳》曰：昱樸野，常呼帝為「三」。 Your subject Hu notes in the 《History of Liang》 biography of Prince Guang that Quan Yu was coarse and habitually addressed the emperor as "Third."

及莊宗即位，盡誅朱氏，惟全昱先令終。 When Emperor Zhuangzong came to power he killed the whole Zhu house; only Quan Yu had already died in his bed.

至道初，知單州有稱廣王之後與尼訟田者，豈以一言之善，獨存其嗣耶！）〉 Early in the Zhidao reign a man at Shan prefecture claiming descent from Prince Guang sued a nun over land—did a single honest speech alone spare his line?!)〉

友諒，全昱子，初封衡王，後嗣廣王。 You Liang, Quan Yu's son, was first Prince of Heng and later succeeded to the title Prince of Guang.

友能，全昱子，封惠王，後為宋、滑二州留後。 You Neng, Quan Yu's son, was created Prince of Hui and later served as acting commissioner of Song and Hua.

友誨，全昱子，封邵王。 You Hui, another son of Quan Yu, held the title Prince of Shao.

尋詣廣王於輝州，以訴其冤。 He soon sought out Prince Guang at Hui prefecture to plead his case.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 2Volume 2 Later Liang Annals 2: Taizu 2 · 1 passage

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乙酉，兄全昱為廣王，子友文博王，友文非子而書子，語在家人傳。 On the day yiyou, his brother Quanyu was made Prince of Guang and his son Youwen Prince of Bo; Youwen was not actually his son, but he is written here as "son," as explained in the Biographies of the Imperial Household.

New History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 13Volume 13: The Later Liang Imperial Family · 14 passages

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其生三子：長曰廣王全昱，次曰朗王存，其次太祖。 She bore three sons: Quanyu, Prince of Guang; Cun, Prince of Lang; and youngest of all, Taizu.

友裕惶恐，與數騎亡山中，久之，自匿於廣王。 Terrified, Youyu fled into the hills with a few riders and, after long hiding, took refuge with the Prince of Guang.

太祖二兄：曰全昱，曰存。 Taizu had two elder brothers: Quanyu and Cun.

兄廣王全昱 Elder brother: Quanyu, Prince of Guang

〈（全昱子友諒友能友誨）〉 (Sons of Quanyu: Youliang, Youneng, Youhui)〉

廣王全昱，太祖即位封。 Quanyu, Prince of Guang, was created when Taizu took the throne.

太祖與仲兄存俱亡為盜，全昱獨與其母猶寄食劉崇家。 Taizu and the middle brother Cun had both turned bandit; Quanyu alone stayed with their mother, still laboring in Liu Chong’s house.

太祖已貴，乃與其母俱歸宣武，領嶺南西道節度使。 When Taizu prospered, mother and son came to Xuanwu; Quanyu held the Lingnan West military governorship.

太祖將受禪，有司備禮前殿，全昱視之，顧太祖曰：「朱三，爾作得否？」 As Taizu prepared to accept the throne, the ritual officers set the ceremony in the front hall; Quanyu watched and asked him: “Zhu the Third—do you really think you can manage this?”

太祖宴居宮中，與王飲博，全昱酒酣，取骰子擊盆而迸之，呼太祖曰：「朱三，爾碭山一百姓，遭逢天子用汝為四鎮節度使，於汝何負？ Once, as Taizu drank and diced with him in the palace, Quanyu, deep in wine, hurled the dice against the bowl and shouted: “Zhu the Third, you were a dirt farmer from Dangshan until heaven made you lord of four circuits—what did the throne ever owe you?

全昱亦不樂在京師，常居碭山故里。 Quanyu disliked the capital as well and mostly stayed in his native Dangshan.

太祖臥病，全昱來視疾，與太祖相持慟哭； When Taizu lay ill, Quanyu came to visit; they embraced and wept together;

太祖為釋友諒，使與東歸。 Taizu released Youliang and let him return east with Quanyu.

貞明二年，全昱以疾薨。 In Zhenming 2, Quanyu died of illness.