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Overview Names Identity Roles Life and dates Family Career and standing Works and attributed material Events and relationships Assessments and attributes References in the histories
Overview The translated histories identify the Emperor as a ruler. This record brings together 18 passages from 1 chapter across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.
Names Type English Chinese Pinyin
Personal
the Emperor
帝
Title
His Majesty
上
Title
the Emperor
帝
Identity
Historicity Historical
Identification Title only
Sex Male Life and dates Attested activity Works and attributed material Events and relationships Kind: ritualRole: officiantAction: southern-suburb-sacrificePlace: Round Altar / 圓丘Date Context: Source Date: Text: 開平三年十一月Western Year: AD 909
Kind: militaryRole: commanderAction: western-campaignDate Context: Source Date: Text: 開平四年八月Western Year: AD 910
Assessments and attributes Assessment: grieved for Luo Shaowei as loyal minister ·
Other Person Id: Luo Shaowei (羅紹威) ·
Provenance: Mode: quoted-speechSpeaker Person Id: the Emperor (帝) References in the histories Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.
Old History of the Five Dynasties, Chapter 5 Volume 5 Book of Later Liang 5: Taizu Annals 5 · 18 passages
開平三年九月癸巳朔，御崇勳殿，宴群臣文武百官。
On guisi, the first of the ninth month of Kaiping 3, the Emperor held court at Chongxun Hall and feasted chief ministers and the full civil and military establishment.
丁酉，上幸崇政院宴內臣，賜院使敬翔、直學士李班等繒彩有差。
On dingyou he visited Chongzheng Academy to feast the inner attendants, granting graded gifts of silks to director Jing Xiang, direct academician Li Ban, and the rest.
癸卯，帝御文明殿，以收復襄漢，受宰臣以下稱賀。
On guimao the Emperor took the hall at Civilization Hall and accepted congratulations from the chief ministers down on recovering Xiang and Han.
今參詳十月十七日以後入十一月節，十一月二日冬至一陽生之辰，宜行親告之禮。」
On review, after the seventeenth of the tenth month we enter the eleventh month; on its second day, the winter solstice when yang is reborn, the Emperor should perform the personal announcement rite instead."
十月癸未，大明節，帝御文明殿，設齋僧道，召宰臣、翰林學士預之，諸道節度、刺史及內外諸司使咸有進獻。
On guiwei, the Grand Brightness festival in the tenth month, the Emperor presided at Civilization Hall, fed monks and Daoists, and called in chief ministers and Hanlin scholars; governors, prefects, and commissioners from within and without all brought gifts.
十一月癸已朔，帝齋於內殿，不視朝。
On guisi, the first of the eleventh month, he fasted in the inner palace and held no audience.
甲午，日長至，五更一點自大內出，于文明殿受宰臣以下起居，自五鳳樓出南郊，左右金吾、太常、兵部等司儀仗法駕鹵簿及左右內直控鶴等引從赴壇，文武百官太保韓建以下班以候，帝升壇告謝。
On jiawu, the winter solstice, at the first mark of fifth watch he left the inner palace, took obeisance from the chief ministers at Civilization Hall, then went south from Wufeng Tower with Golden Guard, music directorate, war ministry, full regalia, and inner crane riders to the altar where Han Jian and the officials stood in ranks; the Emperor mounted and gave thanks.
帝遣陝州康懷英、華州寇彥卿率兵攻迫邠、寧，以緩朔方之寇。
The Emperor sent Kang Huaiying of Shaan and Kou Yanqing of Hua to strike Bin and Ning and ease the Shuofang threat.
開平四年正月壬辰朔，帝御朝元殿，受百官稱賀，始用禮樂也。
On renchen, New Year’s Day of Kaiping 4, the Emperor held Chaoyuan Hall, took the officials’ congratulations, and for the first time used court music.
乙未，帝出師子門，至榆林坡下閱教。
On yiwei he left Shizi Gate and reviewed drill below Yulin Slope.
帝在籓及踐阼，勵精求理，深戒逸樂，未嘗命堂上歌舞。
As prince and since taking the throne he had labored at rule and shunned dissipation—never once had he ordered hall music and dance.
《通鑒》：友諒獻瑞麥，帝曰：「豐年為上瑞，今宋州大水，安用此為！」
《Zizhi Tongjian》 records: You Liang sent lucky wheat; the Emperor said, "A full harvest is the true omen—Songzhou is flooded; what is this for!"
帝過朝邑，見鎮將位在縣令上，問左右，或對曰：「宿官秩高。」
At Chaoyi he saw the garrison commander seated above the magistrate and asked why; someone said, "The old post outranked the new."
帝曰：「令長字人也，鎮使捕盜耳。
The Emperor said, "A magistrate raises the people; a garrison chief only catches thieves.
五月己丑朔，以連雨不止，至壬辰，禦文明殿，命宰臣分拜祠廟。
On jichou, the first of the fifth month, rain would not stop; by renchen the Emperor was at Civilization Hall and sent chief ministers to sacrifice at separate shrines.
魏博節度使、守太師、兼中書令、鄴王羅紹威薨，帝哀慟曰：「天不使我一海內，何奪忠臣之速也！」
Luo Shaowei, Prince of Ye, regent grand preceptor, director of the Secretariat, and military governor of Weibo, died; the Emperor grieved: "Heaven will not let me unite the realm—why take a loyal minister so soon!"
八月，車駕西征。
In the eighth month the Emperor marched west.
是時憫雨，且命宰臣從官分禱靈跡，日中而雨，翼日止，帝大悅。
Moved by the rains, he sent chief ministers and attendants to pray at holy sites; rain fell at noon and stopped the next day—the Emperor rejoiced.