Tongzhi Emperor (穆宗)

Overview

The translated histories identify Tongzhi Emperor as a ruler. This record brings together 6 passages from 3 chapters across 1 history, with names, dates, relationships, offices, and events preserved as source-backed claims.

Names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Personal	Tongzhi Emperor	穆宗	Muzong
Title	Emperor Muzong	穆宗
Temple name	Muzong	穆宗	Muzong
Temple	Muzong	穆宗	Muzong
Regnal name	Tongzhi	同治	Tongzhi
Regnal name	Tongzhi	同治
Title	Tongzhi Emperor	穆宗

Identity

Historicity: Historical
Identification: Named
Sex: Male

Sex: male
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:142:s0114, qingshigao:394:s0182, qingshigao:437:s0008

Roles

Ruler

Life and dates

Death

Date Context: Source Date: Text: 穆宗崩 · Western Year: AD 1875
Explicit · qingshigao:437:s0008

Attested activity

Source Date: Text: 同治九年 · Western Year: AD 1870
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:142:s0114
Source Date: Text: 咸豐十一年 · Western Year: AD 1861
Explicit · qingshigao:394:s0182
Source Date: Text: 穆宗崩 · Western Year: AD 1875
Explicit event contextual date · qingshigao:437:s0008

Family

Immediate source-linked family. Drag to pan, scroll or pinch to zoom, and select a person to open their record.

Child of Empress Dowager (母后)
Kinship Term: Empress Dowager (mother) / 母后 · Parentage: biological · Subject Role: son · Object Role: mother

Places and affiliations

Polity: Qing / 清 · Relation: ruled
Explicit · qingshigao:142:s0114, qingshigao:394:s0182
Polity: Qing / 清 · Relation: served
Strongly inferred · qingshigao:437:s0008

Works and attributed material

Kind: edict · Role: author · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 咸豐十一年 · Western Year: AD 1861
Explicit · qingshigao:394:s0184, qingshigao:394:s0185, qingshigao:394:s0186, qingshigao:394:s0187, qingshigao:394:s0188

Events and relationships

Kind: legal · Role: ruler · Action: code-revised · Date Context: Source Date: Text: 同治九年 · Western Year: AD 1870
Explicit · qingshigao:142:s0114

Assessments and attributes

Assessment: 號稱中興 / hailed as restoring the dynasty · Provenance: Mode: historian-judgment
Explicit · qingshigao:142:s0114

References in the histories

Open any source group to read the Chinese and English passage in context.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 142Volume 142 Treatises 117: Penal Law 1 · 1 passage

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穆宗號稱中興，母后柄政，削平發、捻、回疆之亂，百端待理，尚於同治九年纂修一次。 Emperor Tongzhi was hailed as restoring the dynasty. With the Empress Dowager holding power and the Taiping, Nian, and Muslim frontier rebellions newly suppressed, the court faced a hundred pressing tasks—yet in the ninth year of Tongzhi it still undertook one full revision of the code.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 394Volume 394 Biographies 181: Xu Guangjin, Ye Mingchen, Huang Zonghan · 1 passage

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十一年，穆宗即位，載垣等獲罪。 In the eleventh year (1861) the Tongzhi Emperor ascended the throne, and Zaiyuan and his associates were condemned.

Draft History of Qing, Chapter 437Volume 437 Biographies 224: Rong Lu, Wang Wenshao, Zhang Zhidong, Qu Hongji · 4 passages

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穆宗崩，德宗嗣統。 After Emperor Muzong's death, Emperor Dezong ascended the throne.

榮祿言於恭親王，乃請頒詔，俟嗣皇帝有子，承繼穆宗。 Rong Lu urged Prince Gong to seek an edict providing that when the new emperor should have a son, that son would carry on Emperor Muzong's succession.

其後始定以紹統者為嗣， Only later was it finally decided that the heir by succession would be adopted into Muzong's line.

時太后議廢帝，立端王載漪子溥俊為穆宗嗣，患外人為梗，用榮祿言，改稱「大阿哥」。 The empress dowager then considered deposing the emperor and naming Prince Duan's son Pujun as heir to Muzong's line; fearing foreign interference, she followed Rong Lu's counsel and styled the boy "Great Elder Brother" instead.