Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties · Administrator and Official

Yang Hong 楊洪

Yáng Hóng

First attested AD 214; died AD 228

Passages: 22
Chapters: 1
Histories: 1

Overview

Yang Hong was an administrator and Official.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Jixiu	季休

Life and dates

Death

AD 228 六年卒官
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 173

Attested activity

AD 227 五年…問洪
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 157
AD 214 to AD 228 劉璋時…六年卒官
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passages 145, 173
AD 223 建興元年賜爵關內侯
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 266

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Stepmother of Yang Hong
stepmother 繼母 · Step parentage
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 172

Career and standing

Administrator of Shu Commandery 蜀郡太守
Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 155
General of Loyal Integrity 忠節將軍
Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 266
Merit Clerk 功曹
Appointed
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 146
Secondary Marquis 關內侯
AD 223 建興元年 · Enfeoffed
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 266

Places and affiliations

Polity Shu Han 蜀漢 · Relation Served
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 155
At Wuyang in Qianwei 犍為武陽
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 144

Works and attributed material

Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passages 153-154, 158, 261

Events and relationships

Captured rebel
Military · Planner · With Huang Yuan (黃元)
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passages 259, 265
Relation Recommender against · Person Zhang Yi (張裔)
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 158

Assessments and attributes

Assessment loyal, candid, public-minded, filial to stepmother · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · Records of the Three Kingdoms 41, passage 172

References in the histories

Search passages

History

22 passages

Records of the Three Kingdoms, Chapter 41Volume 41: Book of Shu 11: Biographies of Huo, Wang, Xiang, Zhang, Yang, and Fei · 22 passages

楊洪字季休，犍為武陽人也。 Yang Hong, styled Jixiu, came from Wuyang in Qianwei.

嚴欲徒郡治捨，洪固諫不聽，遂辭功曹，請退。 Li Yan wanted to move the commandery seat; Yang Hong protested firmly and, ignored, resigned as merit clerk and withdrew.

薦洪於州，為 recommended him to the province as

先主爭漢中，急書發兵，軍師將軍諸葛亮以問洪，洪曰：「漢中則益州咽喉，存亡之機會，若無漢中則無蜀矣，此家門之禍也。 When the First Sovereign was fighting for Hanzhong and urgent letters called for troops, Military Adviser General Zhuge Liang asked Yang Hong about it. Hong said, "Hanzhong is Yizhou's throat and the hinge of survival or ruin. Without Hanzhong, there is no Shu; this would be disaster at our very gate.

時蜀郡太守法正從先主北行，亮於是表洪領蜀郡太守，眾事皆辦，遂使即真。 Fa Zheng had gone north with Liu Bei, so Zhuge Liang had Yang Hong appointed acting governor of Shu; he handled every task and was soon confirmed in the post.

洪即啟太子，遣其親兵，使將軍陳曶、鄭綽討元。 Yang Hong immediately alerted the crown prince, sent his personal guard, and had Generals Chen Hu and Zheng Chuo attack Huang Yuan.

洪曰：「元素信凶暴，無他恩信，何能辦此？ Hong said: "Yuan is brutal by nature, with no other hold over men—how could he manage that?

曶、綽承洪言，果生獲元。 Hu and Chuo followed Hong's plan and captured Yuan alive.

洪建興元年223年賜爵關內侯，復為蜀郡太守、忠節將軍，後為越騎校尉，領郡如故。 In Jianxing 1 (223) Yang Hong received a secondary marquisate, was restored as governor of Shu commandery and made general of loyal integrity, and later became colonel of the metropolitan cavalry while retaining the governorship.

五年，丞相亮北住漢中，欲用張裔為留府長史，問洪何如？ In 227, with Zhuge Liang in Hanzhong, he considered making Zhang Yi chief clerk of the rear headquarters and asked Yang Hong’s opinion.

洪對曰：「裔天姿明察，長於治劇，才誠堪之，然性不公平，恐不可專任，不如留向朗。 Yang Hong replied, "Zhang Yi is naturally clear-sighted and perceptive, and he excels at handling difficult administration. His talent is indeed equal to the task, but his temperament is not impartial or even; I fear he cannot be entrusted with it alone. It would be better to keep Xiang Lang.

初，裔少與洪親善。 Zhang Yi and Yang Hong had been close since youth.

裔流放在吳，洪臨裔郡，裔子郁給郡吏，微過受罰，不特原假。 While Zhang Yi was a hostage in Wu, Yang Hong governed his old commandery; Zhang Yi’s son Yu served there and was punished for a minor fault without special leniency.

裔後還聞之，深以為恨，與洪情好有損。 When Zhang Yi returned and learned of it, he nursed a deep grudge and their friendship cooled.

及洪見亮出，至裔許，具說所言。 After Yang Hong’s interview with Zhuge Liang he went to Zhang Yi and repeated every word.

裔答洪曰：「公留我了矣，明府不能止。」 Yi answered Hong saying, "The Duke has kept me indeed; the enlightened prefect could not stop it."

時人或疑洪意自欲作長史，或疑洪知裔自嫌，不願裔處要職，典後事也。 Some thought Yang Hong wanted the chief clerk’s post for himself; others thought he knew Zhang Yi would refuse the rear post and spoke accordingly.

後流洪迸南海，相為悲歎，寢不安席； when rumor said you had been banished to the southern seas, he had grieved with you and could not sleep at ease;

論者由是明洪無私。 Onlookers then saw that Yang Hong had acted without private motive.

洪少不好學問，而忠清款亮，憂公如家，事繼母至孝。 Yang Hong had little scholarly bent but was loyal, candid, devoted to the public good as to his own kin, and deeply filial to his stepmother.

始洪為李嚴功曹，嚴未 When Yang Hong had been merit clerk to Li Yan, before Yan

[去]犍為而洪已為蜀郡。 [left] Qianwei, Yang Hong was already governor of Shu.