Zhang Qia (張洽) | 24 Histories

Overview

Zhang Qia was a scholar and Official.

Other names

Type	English	Chinese	Pinyin
Courtesy name	Yuande	元德	Yuande

Life and dates

Death

AD 1237 嘉熙元年十月
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 219

Age

77
AD 1237 嘉熙元年十月 · Reckoning Sui
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 219

Attested activity

AD 1208 嘉定元年
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 176
AD 1202 to AD 1208 嘉定元年前行社倉
Dated from the passage context · History of Song 430, passages 175-176
AD 1237 嘉熙元年十月
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 219
AD 1190 to AD 1200 從朱熹學
Dated from the passage context · History of Song 430, passages 120, 172
AD 1160 to AD 1230 朱氏門人
Strongly inferred · History of Song 430, passage 1
AD 1234 端平初
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 217-218

Show 1 more source-backed claim

AD 1220 to AD 1234 通判池州時
Dated from the passage context · History of Song 430, passages 204-206

Family

Immediate relationships attested in the translated histories.

Child of Zhang Fu (紱)
father 父
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 171
Parent of Cheng (檉)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 226
Parent of Kan (㯝)
son 子
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 226

Career and standing

sheriff of Songzi 松滋尉
AD 1208 嘉定元年 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 176
direct gentleman of the Secretariat, custodian of Chongxi Abbey in Jiankang 直秘閣主管建康崇禧觀
AD 1234 端平初 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 218
secretary 秘書郎
AD 1234 端平初 · Appointed
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 217
custodian of Xiandu Abbey in Jianchang 主管建昌仙都觀
Appointed
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 211
director of White Deer Academy 白鹿書院長
Appointed
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 212
judicial military adjutant of Yuanzhou 袁州司理參軍
Appointed
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 180

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magistrate of Yongxin 知永新縣
Appointed
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 197
vice-prefect of Chizhou 通判池州
Appointed
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 204
assistant compiler 著作佐郎
AD 1234 端平初 · Promoted
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 217
crimson robe and silver fish tally 緋衣、銀魚
AD 1225 to AD 1234 慶壽恩 · Bestowed
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 211
Direct Gentleman of the Baozhang Pavilion 直寶章閣
AD 1237 卒後一日 · Conferred
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 219, 224
Sought
AD 1237 嘉熙元年 · Retirement request
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 219

Places and affiliations

Polity Song 宋 · Relation Served
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 176, 217-219
Polity Southern Song 南宋 · Relation Lived under
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 170
At Qingjiang in Linjiang 臨江之清江
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 170

Learning and skills

Teacher Person Id Zhu Xi (朱熹)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 172
Earned
AD 1208 嘉定元年 · Credential passed the examinations 中第
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 176
Belief Zhu Xi school 朱子學 · Relation Adherent of
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 172
Skill broad classical learning 六經諸子 · Level thorough
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 172

Works and attributed material

A Primer for the Zuo Tradition 左氏蒙求
Relation Author
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 225
Collected Commentary on the Spring and Autumn 春秋集傳
Relation Author
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 225
Collected Notes on the Spring and Autumn Annals 春秋集注
Relation Author
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 225
collected works 文集
Relation Author
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 225
Outline of Events in the Continued Comprehensive Mirror 續通鑒長編事略
Relation Author
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 225
Tables of Commandery and County Geography Through the Ages 歷代郡縣地理沿革表
Relation Author
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 225

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Narrative · Subject · Paraphrased
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 173-174
Speech · Speaker · With Yuan Fu (袁甫)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 206-207
Speech · Speaker
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 184-185, 192-195, 213

Events and relationships

Built community granary
Administrative · Organizer
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 175
Carried out push and check land survey
Administrative · Reformer
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 177-179
Cleared framed granary households
Legal · Judge
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 190-196
Declined court summons
AD 1234 端平初 · Personnel · Nominee
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 217
Declined expositor
AD 1234 端平初 · Personnel · Nominee · With Emperor (帝)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 218
Executed great prisoner
Legal · Prosecutor
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 181-182

Show 30 more source-backed claims

Investigated homicide corpse burning
Legal · Judge
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 187-189
Moved thief to confess
Legal · Judge
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 183, 186
Resigned from academy for illness
Scholarly · Director
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 216
Revived white deer academy
Scholarly · Director
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 212, 214-216
Secured border against bandits
Military · Magistrate · At Yongxin / Anfu border 永新、安福境
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 200-203
Secured retried leniency
Legal · Advocate · With Zhang Dexiu (張德修)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 205-208
Tattooed bribed jailer
Legal · Magistrate
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 198-199
Tax relief then rain
Ritual · Advocate
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passages 209-210
Took Guanzi as key to exhausting principle
Study · Student
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 173
Relation Associate of · Person Li Daochuan (李道傳)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Zhen Dexiu (真德秀)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Li Fangzi (李方子)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Cai Yuan (蔡淵)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Wu Bida (吳必大)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Student of · Person Zhu Xi (朱熹)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 172
Relation Associate of · Person Li Zhi (李埴)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Du Zheng (度正)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Li Fan (李燔)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Huang Gan (黃榦)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Wei Liaoweng (魏了翁)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Lü Zujian (呂祖儉)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Chen Guiyi (陳貴誼)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Fu Guang (輔廣)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Li Hongzu (李閎祖)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Du Xiaoyan (杜孝嚴)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Zhao Chongxian (趙崇憲)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Zhao Rujing (趙汝讜)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Ye Weidao (葉味道)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Chai Zhongxing (柴中行)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Relation Associate of · Person Zhang Sigu (張嗣古)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223

Assessments and attributes

Assessment earnest will; among few who may perpetuate the Way · Mode named-source-report Speaker Zhu Xi (朱熹)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 174
Assessment from youth applied effort to reverence; named study Maintaining Oneness · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 220
Assessment ordinary in daily life but unshakable where righteousness required · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 221
Assessment revered by the famous men he associated with · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 223
Assessment silent on court when retired, yet rejoiced at worthy appointments and frank remonstrance · Mode historian-judgment
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 222

Source notes

Historicity historical
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 1
named his study 主一 (Maintaining Oneness)
Directly stated · History of Song 430, passage 220

References in the histories

Search passages

History

23 passages

History of Song, Chapter 430Volume 430 Biographies 189: Taoist Scholars 4: Zhu Shimenren, Huang Gan, Li Fan, Zhang Qia, Chen Chun, Li Fangzi, Huang Hao · 23 passages

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黃榦李燔張洽陳淳李方子黃灝 Huang Gan, Li Fan, Zhang Qia, Chen Chun, Li Fangzi, and Huang Hao

張洽字元德，臨江之清江人。 Zhang Qia, courtesy name Yuande, was from Qingjiang in Linjiang.

洽少穎異，從朱熹學，自《六經》傳注而下，皆究其指歸，至於諸子百家、山經地誌、老子浮屠之說，無所不讀。 Qia was precocious and studied under Zhu Xi; from the Six Classics down he traced every teaching; he read the hundred schools, geographies, Laozi, and Buddhist texts without exception.

時行社倉法，洽請於縣，貸常平米三百石，建倉里中，六年而歸其本於官，鄉人利之。 When the community-granary law was in force, Qia asked the county to lend three hundred piculs of ever-normal grain, built a granary in the village, returned the principal in six years, and the villagers profited.

湖右經界不正，弊日甚，洽請行推排法，令以委洽。 Lake-right land boundaries were wrong and abuses grew; Qia carried out push-and-check and the prefecture entrusted him.

洽於是令民自實其土地疆界產業之數投於匱，乃籌核而次第之，吏奸無所匿。 He had people report land and property into a chest, calculated and ranked them, and clerical fraud could not hide.

洽以白提點刑獄，殺之。 Qia reported to the judicial intendant and had him executed.

會獄有兄弟爭財者，洽諭之曰：「訟於官，祗為胥吏之地，且冒法以求勝，孰與各守分以全手足之愛乎？」 When brothers disputed property Qia said, "Court is only clerks' ground; risking law to win—why not keep your shares and preserve brotherly love?"

民有殺人，賄其子焚之，居數年，事敗，洽治其獄無狀，憂之，且白郡委官體訪。 A killer bribed his son to burn the corpse; years later it was exposed; Qia found no proof, worried, and asked the prefect to investigate on site.

郡守以倉稟虛，籍倉吏二十餘家，命洽鞫之，洽廉知為都吏所賣。 The prefect, finding granaries empty, registered twenty granary households and ordered Qia to try them; Qia knew the chief clerk had framed them.

洽度守意銳未可嬰，姑繫之，而密令計倉庾所入以白守曰：「君之籍二十餘家者，以胥吏也。 Qia saw the prefect was sharp and not to be crossed; he detained the clerk and secretly counted intake, telling the prefect, "Your twenty households are because of clerks.