1
文宗協天翊運執中垂謨懋德振武聖孝淵恭端仁寬敏顯皇帝，諱奕詝，宣宗第四子也，母孝全成皇后鈕祜祿氏，道光十一年六月初九日生。 二十六年，用立儲家法，書名緘藏。
Wenzong Emperor Yizhu, fourth son of Daoguang, was born on the sixth month's ninth day, Daoguang 11; his mother was Empress Xiaoquancheng Niuhulu. In year 26 his name was sealed in the heir-selection vault.
2
三十年正月丁未，宣宗不豫，宣召大臣示硃筆，立為皇太子。 宣宗崩，己未，上即位，頒詔覃恩，以明年為咸豐元年。 尊皇貴妃為孝慈皇貴妃。 追封兄貝勒奕緯、奕綱、奕繹為郡王。 封弟奕訢恭親王，奕枻醇郡王，奕硉鍾郡王，奕譓孚郡王。 定縞素百日，素服二十七月。
In month 1, dingwei, Daoguang 30, a dying Daoguang named Yizhu crown prince before his ministers. After Daoguang died, on jiwei Yizhu took the throne, granted amnesty, and made the next year Xianfeng 1. An imperial noble consort was raised to Imperial Noble Consort Xiaoci. Brothers Yiwei, Yigang, and Yishi were posthumously made commandery princes. Yi Xin became Prince Gong; Yi Yi, Yi Xu, and Yi Hui became commandery princes Chun, Zhong, and Fu. Mourning was set at one hundred days of white and twenty-seven months of plain dress.
3
二月戊辰，命左都御史柏葰、內務府大臣基溥營建昌西陵，為孝和皇后山陵。 初宣宗遺詔，毋庸升配、升祔。 交廷臣議。 議上。 詔曰：「先帝謙讓，所不敢從。 曲體先懷，宜定限制。 即以三祖五宗為斷，嗣後不復舉行。」 湖南土匪李沅發作亂。 詔：「惠親王系朕之叔，免叩拜禮，示敬長親親。」 庚辰，敕沿海整頓水師，認真巡緝。 壬辰，大理寺卿倭仁應詔陳言，上嘉其直諫。
In month 2, wuchen, Bai Zai and Ji Pu were told to build Empress Xiaohe's tomb at the Western Tombs. Daoguang's will had barred elevating his spirit tablet for joint worship. The court was asked to deliberate. Their report went up. Edict: "The late Emperor was humble; we will not do as he refused. To honor his wish, limits should be set. Use three ancestors and five forebears as the line; never do this again. Hunan bandit Li Yuanfa rebelled. Edict: "Prince Qing is the Emperor's uncle; spare him kowtow to honor kin elders. On gengchen day, coastal forces were ordered to drill the navy and patrol hard. On renchen day, Wo Ren's summoned memorial won praise for blunt counsel.
4
三月癸巳朔，保昌卒，以柏葰為兵部尚書，花沙納為左都御史。 壬寅，通政使羅惇衍應詔陳言，上優詔答之。 癸卯，左副都御史文瑞疏陳四事，並錄進乾隆元年故大學士孫嘉淦三習一弊疏，禮部侍郎曾國籓疏陳用人三事，均嘉納之。 辛亥，濬江蘇白茅河，移建海口石徬於老徬橋。 壬戌，禮親王全齡薨，子世鐸襲。
In month 3, guisi new moon, Baochang died; Bai Zai took War and Hua Shana the censorate. On renyin day, Luo Dunyi's summoned memorial drew a warm edict reply. On guimao day, Wen Rui urged four reforms and filed Sun Jiageng's Qianlong "Three Lessons, One Abuse" memorial; Zeng Guofan urged three personnel reforms—all were accepted. On xinhai day, Jiangsu dredged the Baimao River and moved the mouth dike from Laoqiao. On renxu day, Prince of Li Quanling died and Shiduo succeeded.
5
夏四月乙丑，俄羅斯請於塔爾巴哈台通商，允之。 己巳，內閣學士車克慎疏陳敬天繼志、用人行政凡十條，優詔答之。 癸酉，戶部疏陳整頓財政，臚陳各弊，得旨：實力革除。 庚辰，英吉利國船至江蘇海口遞公文，卻之。 乙酉，船至天津。
In summer, month 4, yichou, Russia was allowed to trade at Tarbaghatai. On jisi day, Che Kezhen's ten-point memorial on Heaven, succession, and governance drew a warm edict. On guiyou day, Revenue exposed fiscal abuses and was told to root them out. On gengchen day, British ships at Jiangsu's mouth with papers were turned away. On yiyou day, the ships reached Tianjin.
6
五月丙申，起碇南旋。 丁酉，詔曰：「州縣親民之官，責任綦重。 近年登進冒濫，流品猥雜，多倚胥吏而朘閭閻，民生何賴焉。 督撫大吏其加意考察，薦進廉平，鋤斥貪茸，庶民困漸蘇，以副朕望。」 獲湖南逆首李沅發，解京誅之。 詔鄭祖琛「廣西會匪四起，應時捕剿，疏報勿得諱飾。」 辛亥，改山東登州鎮為水師總兵，兼轄陸路。 癸丑，詔東南兩河勘籌民堰。 甲寅，以固慶為吉林將軍。
In month 5, bingshen, the ships weighed anchor and sailed south. On dingyou day, edict: "County magistrates live closest to the people; their burden is immense. Promotions have been sloppy and clerks bleed the towns—what hope is there for commoners? Governors must scrutinize officials, promote the honest, purge the corrupt, and ease popular hardship as We expect. Hunan rebel chief Li Yuanfa was captured, sent to Beijing, and executed. Zheng Zuchen was told: "Guangxi secret-society bandits are everywhere—strike at once and report honestly. On xinhai day, Shandong's Dengzhou post became a naval commander also over land forces. On guichou day, the southeast's two rivers were ordered to survey folk dikes. On jiayin day, Gu Qing became Jilin general.
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六月癸亥，永定河溢。 大學士潘世恩致仕，食全俸。 以祁俊藻為大學士，杜受田協辦大學士，孫瑞珍為戶部尚書，王廣廕為兵部尚書，季芝昌為左都御史。 甲戌，除甘肅民、番升科畸零地銀。 甲申，敕督撫舉劾屬員，臚列事實，勿以空言。 是月，廣東花縣人洪秀全在廣西桂平縣金田起事。
In month 6, guihai, the Yongding River burst. Grand Secretary Pan Shi'en retired on full pay. Qi Junzao became grand secretary; Du Shoutian associate; Sun Ruizhen Revenue; Wang Guangyin War; Ji Zhichang censor-in-chief. On jiaxu day, Gansu tax on odd Han and fan plots was remitted. On jiashen day, governors were told to praise or impeach subordinates with facts, not rhetoric. That month Hong Xiuquan of Guangdong's Huaxian rebelled at Jintian in Guangxi's Guiping.
8
秋七月辛卯，敕沿海督撫籌防海口。 丙辰，尚書文慶坐延請妖人薛執中治病，免。
In autumn, month 7, xinmao, coastal governors were told to fortify every port. On bingchen day, Wen Qing was dismissed for hiring Xue Zhizhong to heal by sorcery.
9
八月丁卯，洪秀全竄修仁、荔浦，敕鄭祖琛剿之。 調向榮為廣西提督剿賊。 甲申，詔曰：「各省糾眾滋事，重案層見疊出，該地方官所司何事？ 即如河南捻匪結黨成群，甚至擾及鄰省，橫行劫掠，自應合力捕治，淨絕根株。 若封疆大吏玩縱於前，復諱飾於後，以致釀成鉅患，朕必將該督撫從重治罪。 凜之！」
In month 8, dingmao, Hong Xiuquan fled to Xiuren and Lipu and Zheng Zuchen was told to crush him. Xiang Rong was made Guangxi commander to fight the rebels. On jiashen day, edict: "Uprisings stack up province by province—what are local officials doing? Henan Nian bands even raid neighbors—they must be hunted down to the root. Governors who indulge then cover up and breed disaster will be punished without mercy. Take heed! So ordered.
10
九月丙申，以廣西賊勢蔓延，調湖南、雲南、貴州兵各二千赴剿，並勸諭紳民舉辦團練。 辛丑，命林則徐為欽差大臣，剿賊廣西。 甲辰，以廣東遊匪滋事，命徐廣縉剿之。 丙午，大行梓宮發引。 辛亥，暫安宣宗成皇帝於隆恩殿。
In month 9, bingshen, with Guangxi rebels spreading, 2,000 troops each from Hunan, Yunnan, and Guizhou were sent and gentry told to raise militia. On xinchou day, Lin Zexu became Imperial Commissioner for Guangxi. On jiachen day, Xu Guangjin was sent to crush Guangdong roving bandits. On bingwu day, Daoguang's coffin left the palace. On xinhai day, Daoguang was temporarily enshrined at Long'en Hall.
11
冬十月壬午，以彌縫釀患，奪鄭祖琛職，林則徐署廣西巡撫。 甲子，永定河漫口合龍。 丙戌，詔曰：「大學士穆彰阿柔佞竊位，傾排異己，沮格戎機，罔恤國是，即行褫職。 協辦大學士耆英無恥無能，降員外郎。 頒示中外。」 以賽尚阿協辦大學士。
In winter, month 10, renwu, Zheng Zuchen was dismissed for concealment and Lin Zexu acted as Guangxi governor. On jiazi day, the Yongding breach was sealed. On bingxu day, edict: "Muzhang'a is a sycophant who blocks the war effort—remove him at once. Associate Grand Secretary Qiying is worthless—demote him to junior seventh rank. Publish this inside and outside the court. Saishang'a became associate grand secretary.
12
十一月戊戌，以奕山為伊犁將軍。 庚子，欽差大臣林則徐道卒，以周天爵署廣西巡撫，命前兩江總督李星沅為欽差大臣，赴廣西剿賊。 乙巳，敕各省籓庫積存雜款，撥充軍需，暫緩開捐。 劉韻珂免，以裕泰為閩浙總督，程矞採為湖廣總督，吳文鎔為雲貴總督。 獲廣西匪首鍾亞春，誅之。
In month 11, wuxu, Yi Shan became Yili general. On gengzi day, Lin Zexu died en route; Zhou Tianjue acted at Guangxi and ex-governor Li Xingyuan was made commissioner to fight rebels. On yisi day, provincial hoards were tapped for war funds and sale of offices was paused. Liu Yunke was removed; Yu Tai took Min-Zhe, Cheng Yusong Hubei-Hunan, and Wu Wenrong Yunnan-Guizhou. Guangxi rebel chief Zhong Yachun was caught and executed.
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十二月己巳，孝德皇后冊諡禮成，追封后父富泰為三等公。 敕奕山酌定俄羅斯通商條例以聞。 庚午，敕江蘇四府漕糧暫行海運。 甲戌，向榮剿賊橫州，敗之。 己卯，恤廣西陣亡副將伊克坦布等世職。 丙戌，祫祭太廟。
In month 12, jisi, Empress Xiaode's posthumous rites finished and her father Futai was made a third-rank duke. Yi Shan was told to draft Russian trade rules and report. On gengwu day, grain tax from four Jiangsu prefectures was ordered moved by sea. On jiaxu day, Xiang Rong beat rebels at Hengzhou. On jimao day, families of Yiketanbu and other Guangxi dead received hereditary ranks. On bingxu day, the temple received a lateral enshrinement.
14
是歲，免直隸、浙江、湖南等省六十七州縣災賦有差。 朝鮮、琉球入貢。
That year sixty-seven disaster-hit districts in Zhili, Zhejiang, Hunan, and elsewhere had taxes cut. Korea and Ryukyu sent tribute.
15
咸豐元年辛亥春正月戊子朔，御太和殿受朝賀。 詔直省查明道光三十年以前正耗錢糧實欠在民者，開單請旨。 命賽尚阿為大學士。 壬寅，上謁慕陵，行周年大祭禮。 庚戌，還京。 辛亥，詔翰、詹諸臣分撰講義進呈。 給事中蘇廷魁疏請推誠任賢，慎始圖終。 上嘉納之。
Xianfeng 1, month 1, wuzi new moon, the Emperor received New Year homage at the Hall of Supreme Harmony. Provinces were told to list real tax arrears before Daoguang 30 and seek imperial relief. Saishang'a became grand secretary. On renyin day, the Emperor mourned at Muling with the first-year great rite. On gengxu day, the Emperor returned to Beijing. On xinhai day, Hanlin and Secretariat scholars were told to draft lectures for the throne. Su Tingkui urged sincere appointments and steady long-term planning. The Emperor accepted the advice.
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二月乙丑，詔免直省民欠錢糧巳入奏銷者，及於江蘇民欠漕糧，悉予蠲免。 杜受田疏陳整軍威、募精勇、勸鄉團、察地形四事，發軍前大臣。 庚午，李星沅奏剿賊金田獲勝。 己卯，詔曰：「今年節過春分，寒威未解。 朕返躬內省，未能上感天和。 因思去冬禮部匯題烈婦一本，內閣票擬雙簽，遂用不必旌表之簽發下。 該烈婦等捨生取義，足激薄俗而重綱常，所有烈婦彭氏等三十七口，准其一體旌表，以慰貞魂。」 命廣州副都統烏蘭泰帶所制軍械赴廣西剿賊。
In month 2, yichou, cleared provincial tax arrears and Jiangsu transport debts were all forgiven. Du Shoutian urged restoring discipline, recruiting elites, rallying militia, and studying terrain—memorial sent to field commanders. On gengwu day, Li Xingyuan reported victory at Jintian. On jimao day, edict: "Spring is past the equinox yet the cold will not break. The Emperor blames himself for failing to move Heaven. He recalled last winter's chaste-women list that the Grand Secretariat had double-stamped and marked "no commendation." Those women died for virtue; Peng and thirty-seven others would all be honored together to soothe their spirits. Ulan Tai was told to bring Guangzhou arms to Guangxi.
17
三月丙申，命大學士賽尚阿佩欽差大臣關防，馳往湖南辦理防堵，都統巴清德、副都統達洪阿隨往。 庚子，上御紫光閣閱射。 辛丑，御拱辰殿步射，閱大臣、侍衛射。 己酉，河南巡撫潘鐸奏拿獲捻匪姚經年二百餘名。 庚戌，調廣東、湖南、四川兵赴廣西助剿。 壬子，發內帑銀一百萬兩備廣西軍儲，發四川倉穀碾運湖南。
In month 3, bingshen, Saishang'a was sent to Hunan as commissioner with Batuqingde and Da Hong'a. On gengzi day, the Emperor reviewed archery at Ziguang Pavilion. On xinchou day, at Gongchen Hall he reviewed foot archery for ministers and guards. On jiyou day, Pan Duo reported over 200 Nian rebels led by Yao Jingnian captured. On gengxu day, troops from Guangdong, Hunan, and Sichuan were sent to aid Guangxi. On renzi day, one million taels from the inner treasury went to Guangxi and Sichuan grain was milled for Hunan.
18
夏四月戊午，命賽尚阿馳赴廣西接辦軍務。 己未，命戶部左侍郎舒興阿為軍機大臣。 庚申，上御乾清門聽政。 恤廣西中伏陣亡副將齊清阿等世職。 詔以李星沅等毫無成算，中賊奸計，切責之。 以鄭祖琛養癰貽患，遣戍伊犁。 丙寅，周天爵奏洪秀全等眾皆散處，山險路熟，伺間衝突，即敗不足以大創。 此時兵力不足，專飭防守。 須兵有餘力，乃可連營偪剿。 得旨：「務當嚴防，勿令竄逸。」 賽尚阿師行，賜遏必隆刀，命天津鎮總兵長瑞、涼州鎮總兵長壽從征。 庚午，免直隸道光三十年民欠錢糧。 周天爵奏劾右江鎮總兵惠慶、右江道慶吉剿賊不力，均奪職。 丙子，李星沅奏剿滅上林墟會匪。 癸未，李星沅卒。 烏蘭泰奏，四月初三日，抵武宣軍營。 查詢賊勢，類皆烏合。 惟武宣東鄉會匪有眾萬餘，蓄髮易服，有偽王、偽官名目，實廣西腹心之患。 得旨：「賊情狡獪，務當持重。」
In summer, month 4, wuwu, Saishang'a was rushed to Guangxi to command the war. On jiwei day, Shuxing'a became a Grand Council member. On gengshen day, the Emperor heard affairs at the Gate of Heavenly Purity. Qi Qing'a and other Guangxi midsummer dead received hereditary ranks. Li Xingyuan and others were sharply rebuked for no plan and falling for rebel tricks. Zheng Zuchen was sent to Yili exile for nursing trouble into disaster. On bingyin day, Zhou Tianjue said Hong Xiuquan's men were scattered but knew the hills and would raid when they could, so small defeats would not break them. Troops were too few; only defense was ordered. Joint camp pressure required spare troops. The edict said: guard strictly and do not let them escape. As Saishang'a marched, he received an Ebilun saber and Chang Rui and Chang Shou were ordered to campaign. On gengwu day, Zhili's Daoguang 30 arrears in grain and money were remitted. Zhou Tianjue impeached Hui Qing and Qing Ji for poor suppression and both lost office. On bingzi day, Li Xingyuan reported the Shanglin market bandits wiped out. On guiwei day, Li Xingyuan died. Wulantai reported reaching the Wuxuan camp on the third of the fourth month. Rebel forces were mostly loose mobs. But Wuxuan Dongxiang had ten thousand men with hair cut and rebel titles—a core Guangxi threat. The edict said the rebels were cunning and required caution. The edict ended."
19
五月戊子，周天爵奏，武宣東鄉逸賊竄入象州。 詔切責之，各予薄譴。 詔湖南提督余萬清協同堵剿。 庚寅，卓秉恬奏請行堅壁清野之法，下賽尚阿及督撫知之。 甲午，周天爵奏剿平泗城股匪，陳亞等投誠，追賊入合浦。 丁酉，烏蘭泰奏，四月十七日，馳至象州，堵截逸賊。 甲辰，陝甘總督琦善以剿辦番族，率意妄殺，奪職逮問。 乙巳，以季芝昌為閩浙總督，以戶部尚書裕誠協辦大學士。 己酉，詔停中外一切工程。 命工部右侍郎彭蘊章為軍機大臣。 乙卯，上詣大高殿祈雨。
In month 5, wuzi, Zhou Tianjue said Wuxuan Dongxiang fugitives entered Xiangzhou. They were sharply rebuked and lightly censured. Yu Wanqing was ordered to help block and suppress them. On gengyin day, Zhuo Bingtian urged strengthened walls and cleared countryside and Saishang'a and provincial chiefs were told. On jiawu day, Zhou Tianjue pacified Sicheng bandits; Chen Ya surrendered and pursuit drove rebels into Hepu. On dingyou day, Wulantai said he reached Xiangzhou on the seventeenth of the fourth month and blocked fugitives. On jiachen day, Qishan lost office and was arrested for reckless killing in tribal suppression. On yisi day, Ji Zhichang took Min-Zhe and Yucheng became associate grand secretary. On jiyou day, all domestic and foreign works were halted. Peng Yunzhang became a Grand Council member. On yimao day, the Emperor prayed for rain at the Hall of Supreme Harmony.
20
六月丁巳，賽尚阿報抵長沙。 詔曰：「象州之賊，宜重兵合圍。 分竄南寧、太平之賊，應分兵追剿。 其尚審度地勢人材，聯絡布置。 糧台尤關緊要，並宜分置，以利轉輸。」 丙寅，烏蘭泰奏，五月初十日，賊陷貴州兵營，當日奪回。 其南山屯集之賊，亦經迎擊南竄。 陣亡官十五員，兵二百餘名，附單請恤。 首先敗退之貴州參將佟攀梅等褫職。 辛未，撥江海關稅銀十五萬兩，解備湖北過境兵差。 乙亥，賽尚阿奏，六月初四日，馳抵桂林，通籌全局。 上嘉其均合機宜。 丁丑，河南南陽捻匪四齣滋擾，詔所司捕之。 辛巳，西寧番匪搶掠，敕薩迎阿遣將剿捕。
In month 6, dingsi, Saishang'a reported reaching Changsha. The edict said Xiangzhou rebels needed heavy encirclement. Split bands toward Nanning and Taiping should be pursued separately. Terrain, talent, and coordinated deployment were still required. Grain depots were critical and should be split to aid supply. On bingyin day, Wulantai said rebels took the Guizhou camp on the tenth of the fifth month and it was retaken that day. South Mountain rebels were also met and driven south. Fifteen officers and over two hundred soldiers died; condolence was requested. Tong Panmei and other first fugitives from Guizhou lost office. On xinwei day, 150,000 taels of customs silver were set aside for Hubei transit troops. On yihai day, Saishang'a reached Guilin on the fourth of the sixth month to plan the campaign. The Emperor praised his measures as timely. On dingchou day, Nanyang Nian bandits raided widely in Henan and officials were ordered to seize them. On xinsi day, Xining tribes plundered and Sa Ying'a was ordered to send troops.
21
秋七月丙戌，賽尚阿奏，賊由象州回竄東鄉，派兵堵剿。 庚寅，御史焦友瀛疏言吏治因循，宜綜覈名實。 得旨：「如果牧令得人，何至姦宄潛聚，釀成巨患？ 嗣後有似此者，惟督撫是問。」 庚子，賽尚阿奏，進剿新墟賊匪，七戰皆捷。 賞還烏蘭泰、秦定三花翎。 命湖廣、四川督撫嚴查會匪、教匪。 丁未，敕南河歲修工程，以三百萬為率。 己酉，賽尚阿奏：「查明軍將功過，烏蘭泰先勝後敗，由於猛追中伏，賊人壅流設伏，後軍死流湍者百餘。 向榮初到桂時，連獲勝仗，每勝賞兵銀人各一兩。 李星沅既至，減為三錢。 眾兵譁然，誓不出戰。 現巳分別汰除，務知持重。」 安徽巡撫蔣文慶奏，壽州匪犯程六麻與合肥捻匪高四八作亂。 庚戌，調鮑起豹為湖南提督，榮玉材為雲南提督，重綸為貴州提督。
In month 7, bingxu, Saishang'a said rebels fled from Xiangzhou to Dongxiang and blocking troops were sent. On gengyin day, Jiao Youying said officials were slack and merit should match reality. The edict asked how villains could gather if local officials were sound. Later such cases would hold only governors-general and governors accountable. On gengzi day, Saishang'a advanced on Xin'xu bandits with seven straight victories. Wulantai and Qin Dingsan regained their peacock feathers. Huguang and Sichuan chiefs were ordered to investigate secret societies and sect rebels. On dingwei day, annual Yellow River works were set at three million taels. On jiyou day, Saishang'a reported Wulantai's later defeat came from pursuit into a stream ambush where over a hundred rear troops drowned. Xiang Rong's early Guangxi victories brought one tael per soldier. After Li Xingyuan came, rewards fell to three mace. The troops clamored and refused battle. The worst were now removed; caution was still required. Jiang Wenqing reported Shouzhou's Cheng Liuma and Hefei Nian Gao Siba in rebellion. On gengxu day, Bao Qibao took Hunan, Rong Yucai Yunnan, and Chonglun Guizhou.
22
八月乙卯，賽尚阿奏，進剿新墟賊巢，奪占豬綌峽、雙髻山。 得旨嘉獎。 乙丑，山東巡撫陳慶偕奏，登州水師船被賊扌虜，副將落水。 得旨：「速往追剿。」 並敕奕興、訥爾經額嚴防海口。 禮部尚書惠豐卒。
In month 8, yimao, Saishang'a took the Xin'xu nest and Zhu'xie Gorge and Shuangji Mountain. The court praised the report. On yichou day, Chen Qingxie said Dengzhou naval ships were taken and the deputy commander fell overboard. The edict ordered swift pursuit. Yixing and Ne'erjing'e were also ordered to guard the sea mouths. Minister of Rites Huifeng died.
23
閏八月甲申朔，新墟眾首洪秀全陷永安州，踞之，僭號太平天國。 陸建瀛奏請禁天主教。 得旨：「與外夷交涉，當慎之於始。 原約所有者，仍應循守舊章。」 戊子，程矞采奏，陽山賊匪竄撲宜章、乳源，飭總兵孫應照往剿。 予廣西殉難巡檢馮元吉世職，建祠，其子澍溥附祀。 甲午，南河豐北三堡河決。 庚子，定考試軍機章京例。 壬寅，賽尚阿奏新墟賊翻山竄出，陷永安州。 詔切責之，下部議處。 己酉，命河北鎮總兵董光甲、鄖陽鎮總兵邵鶴齡馳赴廣西剿賊。 庚戌，常大淳奏盜船在石浦肆劫，知府羅鏞擊走之。 辛亥，以舒興阿為陝甘總督。
On intercalary month 8, jiashen, Hong Xiuquan took Yong'an and proclaimed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Lu Jianying asked to ban Catholicism. The edict said foreign dealings required caution from the start. Original treaty terms should still follow old regulations. On wuzi day, Cheng Yucai said Yangshan bandits hit Yizhang and Ruyuan and Sun Yingzhao was sent against them. Martyr Feng Yuanji of Guangxi received hereditary rank, a shrine, and son Shupu attached sacrifice. On jiawu day, the Yellow River broke at Fengbei Third Bastion. On gengzi day, Grand Council clerk examinations were regulated. On renyin day, Saishang'a said Xin'xu rebels broke out and took Yong'an. He was sharply rebuked and referred to the ministries. On jiyou day, Dong Guangjia and Shao Heling were rushed to Guangxi. On gengxu day, Chang Dachun said pirates raided Shipu and Luo Yong drove them off. On xinhai day, Shuxing'a became Shaanxi-Gansu governor-general.
24
九月庚午，賽尚阿奏巴清德、向榮託病諉卸，進兵遲延。 得旨，均奪職自效。 丙子，詔議河海並運漕米章程。
In month 9, gengwu, Saishang'a said Ba Qingde and Xiang Rong feigned illness and delayed advance. Both lost office and had to redeem themselves in the field. On bingzi day, joint river-sea grain transport rules were ordered discussed.
25
冬十月戊戌，敕建定海陣亡總兵葛雲飛、鄭國鴻專祠。
In month 10, wuxu, shrines were ordered for Ge Yunfei and Zheng Guohong of Dinghai.
26
十一月己卯，葉名琛奏，剿辦英德賊匪淨盡。 加太子少保。
In month 11, jimao, Ye Mingchen reported Yingde bandits cleared. He became Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent.
27
十二月丁酉，賽尚阿奏，向榮進扎龍眼塘。 己酉，陸建瀛奏，海盜布興有繳械投誠，撥營安插。 庚戌，祫祭太廟。
In month 12, dingyou, Saishang'a said Xiang Rong encamped at Longyantang. On jiyou day, Lu Jianying said Bu Xingyou surrendered arms and was placed in camp. On gengxu day, the winter temple sacrifice was held.
28
是歲，普免道光三十年以前民欠錢糧。 又免直隸六十一州縣民欠旗租，浙江五十一州縣帶徵銀米。 又免奉天十五廳州縣，吉林四城，黑龍江一城，湖南七廳州縣災賦。 又免浙江、福建鹽場欠課。 又免廣西被賊八十六州縣額賦。 朝鮮、琉球入貢。
That year, arrears before Daoguang 30 were broadly remitted. Zhili banner rent and Zhejiang supplementary levies were also remitted. Disaster levies were remitted in Fengtian, Jilin, Heilongjiang, and Hunan districts. Zhejiang and Fujian salt-field arrears were also remitted. Quota levies in eighty-six rebel-hit Guangxi districts were also remitted. Korea and Ryukyu sent tribute.
29
二年壬子春正月壬子朔，封奕劻貝子，奉慶親王永璘祀。 乙卯，以裕誠為大學士，訥爾經額協辦大學士，禧恩為戶部尚書。 壬戌，賽尚阿奏，距永安州城三里安營督戰。 辛未，命侍郎全慶、副都統隆慶冊封朝鮮國王妃。
In year 2, month 1, renzi, Yikuang was made beile and Yonglin received sacrifice. On yimao day, Yucheng became grand secretary, Ne'erjing'e associate, and Xi'en took Revenue. On renxu day, Saishang'a camped three li from Yong'an to direct battle. On xinwei day, Quanqing and Longqing were sent to invest Korea's queen.
30
二月丁亥，陳慶偕病免，以李僡為山東巡撫。 辛丑，上詣西陵。
In month 2, dinghai, Chen Qingxie retired ill and Li Huan took Shandong. On xinchou day, the Emperor went to the Western Tombs.
31
三月壬子，大葬宣宗成皇帝於慕陵。 丁巳，上還京，恭奉宣宗成皇帝，孝穆、孝慎、孝全三皇后神牌升祔太廟，頒詔覃恩。 庚申，鄒鳴鶴奏永安踞匪全數東竄，烏蘭泰追賊不利，總兵長瑞、長壽、董光甲、邵鶴齡均死之。 得旨，賽尚阿等下部議處，敕程矞采派兵在湖南防堵，恤長瑞等四總兵世職，建祠。 廣州副都統烏蘭泰卒于軍，贈都統，照陣亡例賜恤。 丙子，恤廣西死事副將阿爾精阿等世職。 庚辰，內閣學士勝保疏言：「游觀之所，煥然一新。 小民竊議，有累主德。」 上優容之。
In month 3, renzi, Emperor Xuanzong was buried at Muling. On dingsi, the Emperor returned to Beijing, enshrined Xuanzong and three empresses in the Ancestral Temple, and proclaimed grace. On gengshen, Zou Minghe reported Yong'an bandits had fled east; Wulantai's pursuit failed and four brigade generals died. By rescript, Saishang'a faced board review, Cheng Yucai was sent to block Hunan, the four generals received hereditary rank, and temples were built. Wulantai, Guangzhou vice commander, died in camp; he was posthumously made commander-in-chief with battle-death condolence. On bingzi, hereditary rank was granted to A'erjing'a and other Guangxi deputies who died in service. On gengchen, Shengbao memorialized: "The sightseeing grounds are entirely new. Common people whisper that this harms the ruler's virtue. The Emperor received it leniently.
32
夏四月壬午，常雩，祀天於圜丘，恭奉宣宗成皇帝配享。 甲申，府尹王慶雲疏陳河東鹽務，永禁簽商，可募鉅款。 下部議行。 丙戌，上謁慕陵，行釋服禮。 命徐廣縉為欽差大臣，接辦廣西軍務。 辛卯，程矞采奏郴州匪徒劉代偉作亂，參將積拉明捕誅之。 癸巳，常大淳奏，鹽梟拒捕，戕斃副將張蕙、知縣德成，經提督善祿、知府畢承昭派兵攻擊，斬擒百餘，餘匪逃散。 予張蕙、德成世職。 太僕寺少卿徐繼畬疏陳釋服之後，宜防三漸：一、土木之漸，一、宴安之漸，一、壅蔽之漸。 得旨：「置諸座右，時時省覽。」 己亥，減乾隆朝所增名糧兵六萬六千餘名。 庚子，程矞采奏，洪秀全撲全州，進撲永州，分股竄永福、義寧，檄提督鮑起豹、劉長清分御之，並咨照賽尚阿一同堵御。 辛丑，特登額免，以桂良為兵部尚書。 乙巳，賜章鋆等二百三十九人進士及第出身有差。 琦善遣戍吉林。 丙午，鄒鳴鶴以留兵守城，不令追賊，奪職。 以勞崇光為廣西巡撫。 己酉，命截留漕米六十萬石，分運江蘇、山東備賑。
In summer month 4, renwu, rain was prayed at the Circular Mound with Xuanzong associated. On jiashen, Wang Qingyun said banning contract salt merchants could raise huge revenue. It was referred to the ministries for deliberation and implementation. On bingxu, the Emperor visited Mu Mausoleum and ended mourning. Xu Guangjin became Imperial Commissioner for Guangxi military affairs. On xinmao, Cheng Yucai reported Liu Daiwei's Chenzhou revolt; Jilaming captured and killed him. On guisi, Chang Dachun reported salt smugglers killed Zhang Hui and Decheng; Shanlu and Bi Chengzhao killed or captured over a hundred and the rest fled. Zhang Hui and Decheng received hereditary rank. Xu Jiyu warned that after mourning one should guard against construction, comfort, and blocked counsel. Rescript: "Place this at your right hand and review it constantly." On jihai, over sixty-six thousand Qianlong-era added ration soldiers were cut. On gengzi, Cheng Yucai reported Hong Xiuquan took Quanzhou, advanced on Yongzhou, and raided Yongfu and Yining; Bao Qibao and Liu Changqing were ordered to defend and Saishang'a to block. On xinchou, Tedeng'e was dismissed and Gui Liang became Minister of War. On yisi, Zhang Jun and two hundred thirty-eight others received jinshi degrees with differing ranks. Qishan was banished to Jilin. On bingwu, Zou Minghe lost office for holding troops in the city and not pursuing. Lao Chongguang became Guangxi governor. On jiyou, six hundred thousand piculs of tribute grain were held for Jiangsu and Shandong relief.
33
五月辛亥，布彥泰奏，庫存回布四十萬匹，請變通折征，允之。 甲寅，夏至，祭地於方澤，恭奉宣宗成皇帝配享。 庚申，賊陷湖南道州。 賽尚阿留守桂林，檄江忠源、張國樑移兵湖南。
In month 5, xinhai, Buyantai sought flexible tax conversion on four hundred thousand bolts of stored cloth; approved. On jiayin, at the solstice Earth was sacrificed at the Square Mound with Xuanzong associated. On gengshen, bandits took Hunan's Daozhou. Saishang'a stayed at Guilin and ordered Jiang Zhongyuan and Zhang Guoliang into Hunan.
34
六月甲申，查辦山東賑務。 杜受田、怡良疏言漕船入東，先行起卸，以資散放。 丙戌，命賽尚阿赴湖南督辦軍務，徐廣縉接辦廣西軍務。 丁亥，策立皇后鈕祜祿氏。 癸巳，僧格林沁奏劾御前大臣鄭親王端華修改大考侍講學士保清試卷，阻止不聽，驕矜亢愎，難與共事。 詔端華退出御前大臣，保清褫職。 戊戌，以慧成為河東河道總督。
In month 6, jiashen, Shandong relief was investigated. Du Shoutian and Yiliang said grain boats entering Shandong should unload early for distribution. On bingxu, Saishang'a went to Hunan and Xu Guangjin took Guangxi. On dinghai, Empress Niohuru was installed. On guisi, Sengge Rinchen impeached Duanhua for altering Ba Qing's exam papers and refusing to stop—arrogant and unworkable. Duanhua left the Imperial Presence ministers and Ba Qing was stripped of office. On wuxu, Huicheng became Hedong river conservancy governor-general.
35
秋七月己未，廣東羅鏡凌十八股匪剿平，上嘉獎之。 烏什辦事大臣春熙奏，回匪鐵完庫里霍卓竄擾烏什，官兵擊退。 詔參贊詳查以聞。 甲子，詔軍務未竣，需材孔亟，其有知兵之人，所在保舉錄用。 詔直省修整城垣。 丙寅，協辦大學士杜受田卒。 丁卯，羅繞典奏，行抵長沙，聞知賊由道州竄出江華、永明、桂陽、嘉禾，誠恐衡郡有失，省垣亦應預防。 得旨，即妥籌辦理。 戊辰，給事中袁甲三劾定郡王載銓、尚書恆春、侍郎書元，迭查有跡，各予譴責，其題詠載銓息肩圖各員，並下部議處。 庚午，奕山、布彥泰奏，回匪倭里罕糾約布魯特突入卡倫，官兵擊卻之。 壬申，洪秀全攻陷郴州。 甲戌，常大淳奏岳州宜籌防堵，詔徐廣縉撥兵前往。 以麟魁為刑部尚書。
In autumn month 7, jiwei, eighteen Luojing Ling bandit factions in Guangdong were pacified and commended. Chunxi reported Tiewankuli Huozhuo raiding Wushi; troops beat them back. The counselor-deliberator was told to investigate and report. On jiazi, edict: recommend men who know warfare everywhere for service. Provinces were ordered to repair city walls. On bingyin, Associate Grand Secretary Du Shoutian died. On dingmao, Luo Zhaodian reached Changsha, heard bandits from Daozhou had fled through four counties, and feared for Hengzhou and the capital. Rescript: arrange this promptly and properly. On wuchen, Yuan Jiasan impeached Zaiquan, Hengchun, and Shu Yuan; all were censured and poem-writers on Zaiquan's picture faced board review. On gengwu, Yishan and Buyantai reported Wali Khan and Buruts rushing posts; troops repelled them. On renshen, Hong Xiuquan took Chenzhou. On jiaxu, Chang Dachun said Yuezhou should be blocked; Xu Guangjin was told to send troops. Lin Kui became Minister of Punishments.
36
八月己卯朔，向榮以稱病規避奪職，遣戍新疆，尋留軍自效。 以福興為廣西提督。 癸未，初舉經筵。 甲申，詔湖廣督撫：「湖南之洞庭湖、湖北之大江，均有捕魚小船及經商大船數千百隻，亟宜收集，免為賊用。 其各船水手習於風濤，堪充水勇，其即留心招集。」 己丑，羅繞典、駱秉章奏，賊匪陷安仁、攸縣，進圖省城。 敕賽尚阿速解省圍。 庚寅，命廷臣會籌軍儲。 調常大淳為山西巡撫，以羅繞典為湖北巡撫，張芾署江西巡撫。 甲辰，命暫免四川、江西商販運往湖北米稅。 調福建、浙江兵一千名赴江西防堵。
In month 8, jiamao new moon, Xiang Rong lost office for feigning illness, was banished to Xinjiang, then kept with the army. Fuxing became Guangxi brigade commander. On guiwei, the classics lecture began. On jiashen, Huguang governors were told: "Gather fishing and trading boats on Dongting and the great river lest bandits use them. Recruit their wind-tested sailors as water fighters." On jichou, Luo Zhaodian and Luo Bingzhang reported bandits took Anren and Youxian and advanced on the capital. Saishang'a was told to lift the capital siege quickly. On gengyin, ministers were ordered to plan military funds. Chang Dachun went to Shanxi, Luo Zhaodian to Hubei, and Zhang Fei acted in Jiangxi. On jiachen, rice taxes on Sichuan and Jiangxi grain shipped to Hubei were waived. A thousand Fujian and Zhejiang troops went to block Jiangxi.
37
九月己酉，詔賽尚阿視師無功，貽誤封疆，褫職逮問，籍其家。 辛亥，以載銓為步軍統領，以訥爾經額為大學士，禧恩協辦大學士。 甲寅，獲西寧番賊阿里克公住，斬之。 命駱秉章暫留湖南會辦。 戊午，上謁東陵。 恤湖南陣亡總兵福誠等世職。 己未，常大淳奏賊將北竄，防禦兵單。 命徐廣縉撥兵赴岳州助防。 丁卯，上還京。
In month 9, jiyou, Saishang'a failed in command, was stripped, arrested, and his property seized. On xinhai, Zaiquan took the barracks, Ne'erjing'e became Grand Secretary, and Xi'en associate Grand Secretary. On jiayin, Xining bandit Aligongzhu was captured and executed. Luo Bingzhang was ordered to stay in Hunan to assist. On wuwu, the Emperor visited the Eastern Tombs. Hereditary rank was granted to Fucheng and other Hunan generals killed in battle. On jiwei, Chang Dachun said bandits would flee north and troops were few. Xu Guangjin was ordered to send troops to Yuezhou. On dingmao, the Emperor returned to the capital.
38
冬十月辛巳，上臨贈大學士杜受田第賜奠，加其父杜堮禮部尚書銜。 甲申，黃宗漢奏請浙江新漕改由海運，從之。 壬辰，季芝昌免，以吳文鎔為閩浙總督。
In winter month 10, xinsi, the Emperor condoled at Du Shoutian's house and gave his father Du Zeng a Rites minister title. On jiashen, Huang Zonghan's request for Zhejiang sea transport of new tribute grain was approved. On renchen, Ji Zhichang was dismissed and Wu Wenrong became Fujian-Zhejiang governor-general.
39
十一月丁未朔，日有食之。 丁巳，賊陷岳州。 戊午，起琦善署河南巡撫。 辛酉，詔徐廣縉分兵防守武昌、漢陽、荊州，陸建瀛、蔣文慶各就地勢扼要嚴防。 癸亥，以賊近湖北，敕琦善嚴防河南邊境，詔張芾嚴防沿江要隘。 甲子，以文慶為戶部尚書。 癸酉，賊陷漢陽，命陸建瀛馳赴上游防堵。 乙亥，復向榮提督銜。 詔在籍侍郎曾國籓督辦團練。 調福珠洪阿為江南提督。
In month 11, dingwei new moon, there was a solar eclipse. On dingsi, bandits took Yuezhou. On wuwu, Qishan was recalled to act as Henan governor. On xinyou, Xu Guangjin was to defend Wuchang, Hanyang, and Jingzhou; Lu Jianying and Jiang Wenqing were to hold key terrain. On guihai, with bandits near Hubei, Qishan guarded Henan and Zhang Fei the river passes. On jiazi, Wenqing became Minister of Revenue. On guiyou, bandits took Hanyang; Lu Jianying was sent upstream to block. On yihai, Xiang Rong's brigade commander title was restored. Zeng Guofan was ordered to supervise home-province militia. Fuzhuhonga was transferred to Jiangnan brigade commander.
40
十二月丁丑，敕各省紳士在籍辦理團練。 命四品京堂勝保從軍河南。 癸巳，賊陷武昌，巡撫常大淳死之。 上切責督軍大臣不籌全局，擁兵自衛，逮徐廣縉治罪。 以向榮為欽差大臣，督辦軍務，張亮基署湖廣總督。 以葉名琛為兩廣總督，柏貴為廣東巡撫。 癸卯，向榮奏賊連陷武、漢，搭有浮橋，必須多備砲船，將橋焚毀，方可進剿。 得旨：「刑部郎中盧應翔所帶砲船，曾在長沙擊賊，即迅赴軍前。」 甲辰，吉林、黑龍江徵兵到京。 得旨：「每起間二日起行，帶兵官嚴守紀律，不得多索車輛，騷擾驛站。」 祫祭太廟。
In month 12, dingchou, gentry were ordered to organize home-province militia. Shengbao was ordered to join the Henan army. On guisi, bandits took Wuchang and Governor Chang Dachun died. The Emperor rebuked commanders for narrow planning and hoarding troops; Xu Guangjin was arrested. Xiang Rong became Imperial Commissioner and Zhang Liangji acted as Huguang governor-general. Ye Mingchen became Liangguang governor-general and Bai Gui Guangdong governor. On guimao, Xiang Rong said bandits held Wuhan with a pontoon bridge and gunboats were needed to burn it before pursuit. Rescript: "Send Lu Yingxiang's gunboats, which fought at Changsha, swiftly to the front." On jiachen, Jilin and Heilongjiang conscripts reached the capital. Rescript: "Each batch starts two days apart; commanders must keep discipline and not harass relay posts." Joint seasonal sacrifice was held at the Ancestral Temple.
41
是歲，免直隸四十二州縣、山西一府災賦，浙江四十八州縣緩徵銀米各有差。 朝鮮、暹羅入貢。
That year, disaster taxes were remitted in forty-two Zhili districts and one Shanxi prefecture; forty-eight Zhejiang districts had collection deferred. Korea and Siam sent tribute.
42
三年癸丑春正月丁未，調青州副都統常青兵移防豫、楚。 戊申，張亮基奏，賊目蕭朝貴實在長沙城外轟斃，起獲屍身，驗明梟剉。 己酉，蔣文慶奏城薄兵單，移調東西梁山兵勇來城防禦。 癸丑，向榮奏，武昌踞賊抬砲上船，意欲逃竄。 陸應穀奏，偵得賊匪開年有東竄安慶、江寧之信。 敕向榮多方偵備，迎擊兜剿。 甲寅，敕步軍統領、前鋒統領整備軍實，盤詰姦宄。 甲子，賊陷九江，陸建瀛退守江寧。 賽尚阿論斬，革其子崇綺等官職。 丁卯，命工部左侍郎呂賢基回安徽辦防，加周天爵侍郎銜，會辦防務。 壬申，陸建瀛褫職逮問，以祥厚為欽差大臣。 癸酉，以山西、陝西、四川三省紳民捐輸軍饟，加鄉試中額、生員學額。 甲戌，賊陷安慶，蔣文慶死之，命周天爵署安徽巡撫。 予江西陣亡總兵恩長世職。
In year 3, month 1, dingwei, Changqing's Qingzhou troops shifted to Henan and Huguang. On wushen, Zhang Liangji reported Xiao Chaogui was blasted dead outside Changsha; the corpse was verified and exposed. On jiyou, Jiang Wenqing said walls were thin and troops few; Liangshan militia were moved to the city. On guichou, Xiang Rong said Wuchang bandits were loading cannon on boats to flee. Lu Yinggu reported rebel plans to strike east at Anqing and Jiangning in the new year. Xiang Rong was ordered to scout widely, intercept, and suppress. On jiayin, the Foot and Vanguard commanders were told to ready troops and hunt traitors. On jiazi, rebels took Jiujiang and Lu Jianying withdrew to Jiangning. Saishanga was condemned to death and Chongqi and others lost office. On dingmao, Lü Xianji returned to Anhui for defense and Zhou Tianjue joined with vice-minister rank. On renshen, Lu Jianying was dismissed and arrested and Xianghou became Imperial Commissioner. On guiyou, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Sichuan donors won added exam and student quotas. On jiaxu, rebels took Anqing, Jiang Wenqing died, and Zhou Tianjue acted as Anhui governor. Fallen Jiangxi commander Enchang received a hereditary post.
43
二月丙子朔，詔：「京師八旗營兵十五萬之多，該管大臣勤加訓練。」 贈恤湖北殉難學政馮培元加侍郎，諡文介，布政使梁星源諡敏肅，按察使瑞元諡端節，及知府以下官各予世職、建專祠，提督雙福、總兵官王錦繡附常大淳祠。 丁丑，釋奠先師孔子。 遣少卿雷以諴、侍講學士晉康往南河，少詹事王履謙赴東河，會辦防務。 癸未，上臨雍講學，加衍聖公孔繁灝太子太保。 丁亥，敕文臣三品以上養廉以四成、武臣二品以上以二成充軍饟。 戶部請辦商捐、戶輸，上不許。 壬辰，賊陷江寧，將軍祥厚、提督福珠洪阿等死之。 以怡良為兩江總督，命慧成馳赴江南防剿。 調托明阿為江寧將軍，文斌為綏遠城將軍，瑞昌為杭州將軍，鄧紹良為江南提督。 丙申，命琦善會防淮揚。 敕湖北行鹽暫用川鹽二千引。 敕李僡查拿山東兗、沂、曹三府捻匪。 命內閣學士勝保幫辦江北防務。
Month 2, bingzi new moon: "Over 150,000 capital banner troops must be drilled by their commanders." Hubei martyrs were honored: Feng Peiyuan as Wenjie, Liang Xingyuan as Minsu, Ruiyuan as Duanjie; lower officials won hereditary posts and shrines; Shuangfu and Wang Jinxiu joined Chang Dachun's shrine. On dingchou, Confucius was honored at the temple sacrifice. Lei Yiqian and Jin Kang went to the Southern River and Wang Lüqian to the Eastern River to organize defense. On guiwei, the Emperor lectured at the Academy and Kong Fanhao became Junior Guardian. On dinghai, civil officials gave forty percent and military officials twenty percent of integrity stipends for the army. The Revenue Board proposed merchant and household levies; the Emperor refused. On renchen, rebels took Jiangning; Xianghou, Fuzhu Hong'a, and others died. Yiliang became Two Jiangs governor-general and Huicheng was sent south to fight. Tuoming'a took Jiangning, Wenbin Suiyuan, Ruichang Hangzhou, and Deng Shaoliang Jiangnan. On bingshen, Qishan was sent to defend the Huai-Yangzi line. Hubei was allowed two thousand piculs of Sichuan salt for the time being. Li Yun was ordered to suppress Nian bandits in Yan, Yi, and Cao. Sheng Bao was ordered to help organize northern Jiang defense.
44
三月乙巳，賊陷鎮江、揚州。 丙午，孝和睿皇后升祔太廟。 辛亥，上耕耤田。 壬子，命湖北按察使江忠源幫辦江南軍務。 丙辰，敕侍郎奕經統密雲兵赴山東會防。 丁巳，敕各省團練格殺土匪勿論。 以駱秉章復為湖南巡撫。 敕江寧布政使陳啟邁在徐州設立糧台。 庚申，向榮擊賊於江寧，敗之。 以施得高為福建水師提督。 壬戌，以廬州為安徽省會。 周天爵剿賊妥速，琦善進攻連獲勝仗，均嘉賚之。 敕直隸、奉天備防海口。 丙寅，向榮奏迭勝城賊，進據鍾山。 上優獎之。 命奕經、托明阿赴清江防剿。 命瑞昌統盛京兵赴淮、徐會防，恩華統吉林兵駐防直隸。 辛未，敕廣東招募紅單船，遴將帶赴江南剿賊。 以福濟為漕運總督。
In month 3, yisi, rebels took Zhenjiang and Yangzhou. On bingwu, Empress Xiaohuirui entered the ancestral temple. On xinhai, the Emperor performed the plowing rite. On renzi, Jiang Zhongyuan was ordered to help in Jiangnan operations. On bingchen, Yijing led Miyun troops to Shandong for joint defense. On dingsi, provinces were told militia could kill bandits without trial. Luo Bingzhang returned as Hunan governor. Chen Qimai was told to establish a grain depot at Xuzhou. On gengshen, Xiang Rong beat rebels at Jiangning. Shi Degao became Fujian naval regional commander. On renxu, Luzhou became the Anhui provincial capital. Zhou Tianjue and Qishan were praised for swift suppression and victories. Zhili and Fengtian were ordered to guard the sea approaches. On bingyin, Xiang Rong reported victories and occupation of Bell Mountain. The Emperor gave him high praise. Yijing and Tuoming'a were sent to Qingjiang to fight. Ruichang took Mukden troops to Huai-Xu and Enhua garrisoned Zhili with Jilin troops. On xinwei, Guangdong was told to recruit red-banner ships for Jiangnan. Fu Ji became grain transport governor-general.
45
夏四月庚辰，日見黑暈。 己丑，賊陷浦口、滁州。 甲午，命琦善統制江北諸軍。 逮治楊文定。 庫倫喀爾喀蒙古哲布尊丹巴喇嘛進馬三千匹，及西林盟長進馬，均溫諭止之。 己亥，賜孫如僅等二百二十二人進士及第出身有差。 癸卯，賊陷鳳陽。 安徽捻匪竄擾蒙城。
In month 4, gengchen, a black halo appeared around the sun. On jichou, rebels took Pukou and Chuzhou. On jiawu, Qishan took overall command north of the Yangzi. Yang Wending was arrested. Urga's Jebtsundamba and a Xilin chief offered horses; both gifts were declined. On jihai, Sun Rujin and 221 others received jinshi ranks. On guimao, rebels took Fengyang. Nian bandits raided Mengcheng in Anhui.
46
五月戊申，始制銀鈔。 壬子，王懿德奏海澄會匪陷同安、安谿、廈門，嚴飭之。 周天爵奏收復鳳陽。 癸丑，李嘉端奏金陵賊船上竄。 得旨，此與向榮疏報不同，令確切查探。 駱秉章奏，江西上猶縣匪首劉洪義聚眾在桂東滋擾，毗連廣東、湖南。 得旨，三省會剿。 丙辰，陸應穀奏亳州失守，賊撲汴梁。 敕江忠源馳赴河南剿賊。 王懿德奏漳州鎮、道被賊戕害，永安、沙縣先後失守。 丁巳，命勝保統兵馳赴河南。 戊午，釋賽尚阿、徐廣縉於獄，從軍自效，楊殿邦、但明倫均留清江浦辦防。 周天爵奏鳳陽逸匪竄擾而西，即日赴援。 得旨：「周天爵素稱勇敢，所保臧紆青練勇可當一面，獨不能與賊決一死戰耶？」 陸應穀、恩華奏竄賊由曹河搶渡，犯及山東。 得旨，調陝西兵應援，仍令固守潼關門戶。 賊陷歸德。 己未，賊復陷安慶。 詔江忠源防守九江。 徵蒙古兵及其所進馬五千匹集於熱河。 壬戌，詔以賊匪北竄，勸諭北地紳民練團自衛，如能殺賊出力，並與論功。 命僧格林沁、花紗納、達洪阿、穆廕督辦京城巡防。 癸亥，以許乃普為刑部尚書，翁心存為工部尚書。 甲子，以河南兵民固守省城，優詔嘉勉。 丁卯，命訥爾經額防守河北。 桂良赴保定辦理防守。 己巳，開封解嚴，賊南竄中牟、硃仙鎮，敕托明阿等追之。 辛未，始鑄當十大錢。
In month 5, wushen, silver notes were first issued. On renzi, Wang Yide reported Haicheng rebels had taken Tong'an, Anxi, and Xiamen and was ordered to act. Zhou Tianjue reported Fengyang recovered. On guichou, Li Jiaduan reported Jinling rebel boats moving upstream. The throne noted a conflict with Xiang Rong's report and ordered a thorough inquiry. Luo Bingzhang reported Liu Hongyi of Jiangxi Shangyou raiding toward Guangdong and Hunan. The three provinces were ordered to suppress together. On bingchen, Lu Yinggu reported Bozhou fallen and rebels nearing Kaifeng. Jiang Zhongyuan was ordered to rush to Henan against the rebels. Wang Yide reported Zhenzhou officials killed and Yong'an and Shaxian lost. On dingsi, Sheng Bao was rushed to Henan with troops. On wuwu, Saishanga and Xu Guangjin were freed to serve; Yang Dianbang and Dan Minglun stayed at Qingjiangpu. Zhou Tianjue reported Fengyang fugitives raiding west and went to relieve at once. The throne asked whether the brave Zhou Tianjue, who praised Zang Shuying's militia, would not fight to the death. Lu Yinggu and Enhua reported rebels had crossed the Cao River into Shandong. Shaanxi troops were sent to help but told to keep Tong Pass secure. Rebels took Guide. On jiwei, rebels retook Anqing. Jiang Zhongyuan was ordered to hold Jiujiang. Mongol troops and five thousand tribute horses were gathered at Rehe. On renxu, northern communities were urged to train militia and win merit for killing rebels. Sengge Rinchen, Huashana, Dahonga, and Muyin took charge of Beijing patrols. On guihai, Xu Naipu took Punishments and Weng Xincun Works. On jiazi, Henan's defense of the provincial city was warmly praised. On dingmao, Ne'erjing'e was sent to defend the north bank. Gui Liang went to Baoding for defense. On jisi, Kaifeng was relieved; rebels fled south and Tuoming'a was told to pursue. On xinwei, ten-cash coins were first minted.
47
六月乙亥，福建紳商克復漳州，優詔嘉之，查明給獎。 戊寅，河南賊犯汜水，分股渡河陷溫縣。 托明阿擊之，復汜水。 己卯，金陵賊船上陷南康，進圍南昌。 辛巳，溫縣紳勇敗賊，復其城，復會官軍敗賊於武陟。 命納爾經額為欽差大臣，督辦河南、河北軍務，恩華、托明阿副之。 黃河再決豐北。 甲申，雲南東川回匪作亂。 福建台灣土匪作亂。 戊子，美國使人求入覲，詔止之。 河南賊圍懷慶。 官軍解許州圍，賊走羅山。 福建官軍收復永安、沙縣。 托明阿等敗賊於懷慶。 乙未，鎮江官軍失利，奪提督鄧紹良職，以和春署江南提督。 戊戌，優恤揚州攻城傷亡總兵雙來世職銀兩。 廣西全州土匪作亂。
In month 6, yihai, Fujian gentry recovered Zhangzhou and were told to be rewarded after inquiry. On wuyin, Henan rebels hit Sishui and a column took Wen County. Tuoming'a beat them and retook Sishui. On jimao, Jinling rebel boats took Nankang and besieged Nanchang. On xinsi, Wen gentry recovered their city and with the army beat rebels at Wuzhi. Ne'erjing'e became Imperial Commissioner for Henan and Hebei; Enhua and Tuoming'a assisted. The Yellow River broke again north of Feng. On jiashen, Dongchuan Hui rebels rose in Yunnan. Fujian Taiwan bandits rose. On wuzi, an American audience was requested and refused. Henan rebels besieged Huaiqing. The army relieved Xuzhou and rebels fled to Luoshan. Fujian troops recovered Yong'an and Shaxian. Tuoming'a and others beat rebels at Huaiqing. On yiwei, Zhenjiang troops were beaten; Deng Shaoliang was dismissed and Hechun acted in Jiangnan. On wuxu, Shuang Lai of Yangzhou received posthumous silver and a hereditary post. Guangxi Quanzhou bandits rose.
48
秋七月甲辰朔，廣西土匪陷興安、靈川，分撲桂林，官軍敗之，復靈川、興安。 丙午，敕慧成回清江浦防剿。 丁未，命勝保幫辦河南軍務。 丙辰，敕東南河臣收撤渡船，防賊偷渡。 恤江西陣亡總兵馬濟美世職。 丁巳，詔江西、湖廣新漕折價解京。 辛酉，賊竄湖北、安徽。 敕怡良於上海設關收稅。 癸亥，恤提督福珠洪阿世職。 甲子，詔紳士辦團御賊捐軀者，一體恩恤。 乙丑，福建官軍復尤谿。
Month 7, jiachen new moon: Guangxi bandits took Xing'an and Lingchuan; troops beat them back. On bingwu, Huicheng returned to Qingjiangpu to fight. On dingwei, Sheng Bao was ordered to help in Henan. On bingchen, southeast river officials were told to pull ferries to block rebel crossings. Ma Jimei, the Jiangxi commander killed in action, received a posthumous hereditary office. On dingsi, Jiangxi and Huguang new tribute grain was ordered cashed in for Beijing. On xinyou, the rebels slipped into Hubei and Anhui. Yi Liang was told to open a Shanghai customs house for tax collection. On guihai, Fuzhu Hong'e received a posthumous hereditary office. On jiazi, militia leaders who died fighting rebels were promised equal posthumous honors. On yichou, Fujian forces retook Youxi.
49
八月丙子，官軍解懷慶圍，賊竄山西。 戊寅，調吳文鎔為湖廣總督，裕瑞為四川總督，樂斌為成都將軍。 庚辰，賊陷垣曲。 癸未，李僡卒，以張亮基為山東巡撫，駱秉章授湖南巡撫。 甲申，江西賊陷饒州郡城，吉安土匪遙應之。 丙戌，賊陷絳縣、曲沃，進圍平陽。 哈芬免，以恆春為山西巡撫。 庚寅，賊陷平陽，勝保兵至，敗之，復平陽。 賊由洪洞東竄。 癸巳，命勝保為欽差大臣，賜神雀刀，恩華、托明阿副之。 丁酉，托明阿敗賊於陳留。
In month 8, bingzi, Huaiqing was relieved and the rebels fled to Shanxi. On wuyin, Wu Wenrong took Huguang, Yusui Sichuan, and Yuebin Chengdu. On gengchen, Yuanqu fell to the rebels. On guimwei, Li Han died; Zhang Liangji became Shandong governor and Luo Bingzhang Hunan governor. On jiashen, Raozhou fell in Jiangxi as Ji'an bandits rose in support. On bingxu, Jiangxian and Quwo fell and Pingyang was besieged. Hafen was removed and Hengchun made Shanxi governor. On gengyin, Pingyang fell but Sheng Bao retook it after defeating the rebels. The rebels fled east via Hongtong. On guisi, Sheng Bao became Imperial Commissioner with the Divine Sparrow Knife, assisted by Enghua and Tuoming'a. On dingyou, Tuoming'a beat the rebels at Chenliu.
50
九月癸卯朔，再敗之潞城、黎城，賊竄直隸，入臨洺關。 奪訥爾經額職逮問，以桂良為直隸總督。 丙午，賊陷柏鄉。 江西南昌圍解，賊復竄踞安慶。 丁未，調魁麟為禮部尚書，花沙納為工部尚書，以勝保為漢軍都統。 江蘇土匪陷青浦、寶山，官軍復之。 戊申，命截留漕糧備山東災賑。 以軍務方急，緩修豐北河工。 辛亥，命惠親王為奉命大將軍，賜銳捷刀，科爾沁郡王僧格林沁為參贊大臣，賜訥庫尼素刀，恭親王奕訢、定郡王載銓、內大臣壁昌會辦巡防。 乙卯，賊由趙卅，城陷深卅。 命於河間、涿卅、通州設防。 辛酉，李嘉端罷，以江忠源為安徽巡撫。 甲子，僧格林沁復深州。 丙寅，陸應穀罷，以英桂為河南巡撫。 己巳，周天爵卒于軍。 辛未，賊陷獻縣、交河、滄州，進撲天津，知縣謝子澄督帶練勇迎擊，死之，所部敗賊三十里。 特贈謝子澄布政使，並建祠，優獎練勇。 警聞，京師戒嚴，僧格林沁駐軍於武清。
On the guimao new moon in month 9, Lucheng and Licheng were retaken; the rebels fled into Zhili through Linming Pass. Ne'erjing'e was dismissed and arrested; Gui Liang became Zhili governor-general. On bingwu, Baixiang fell. Nanchang was relieved, yet the rebels reoccupied Anqing. On dingwei, Kuilin took Rites, Huashana Works, and Sheng Bao the Han Banner command. Qingpu and Baoshan fell to Jiangsu bandits but were retaken. On wushen, transport grain was held back for Shandong famine relief. Fengbei River works were postponed amid urgent campaigning. On xinhai, Prince Hui became commander-in-chief with the Ruijie Knife, Sengge Rinchen staff commissioner with the Nekuni Knife, and Yixin, Zaiquan, and Bichang joined patrol defense. On yimao, the rebels swept through Zhao and seized Shen Prefecture. Defenses were set at Hejian, Zhuo Prefecture, and Tongzhou. On xinyou, Li Jiaduan was removed and Jiang Zhongyuan made Anhui governor. On jiazi, Sengge Rinchen retook Shen Prefecture. On bingyin, Lu Yinggu was replaced by Ying Gui as Henan governor. On jisi, Zhou Tianjue died on campaign. On xinwei, Xian, Jiaohe, and Cangzhou fell and Tianjin was threatened; Xie Zicheng died leading militia but drove the rebels back thirty li. Xie Zicheng was posthumously made provincial administrator with a shrine, and his militia were richly rewarded. Beijing went on alert; Sengge Rinchen camped at Wuqing.
51
冬十月甲戌，命曾國籓督帶練勇赴湖北剿賊。 丙子，賊陷黃州，漢黃德道徐豐玉死之，連陷漢陽，進圍武昌。 丁丑，賊踞獨流鎮，勝保督軍至，連擊敗之。 戊寅，命恭親王奕訢在軍機處行走，解麟魁軍機大臣，以瑞麟、穆廕為軍機大臣。 乙卯，加給事中袁甲三三品卿銜，剿辦安徽捻匪。 壬辰，武昌解嚴，江忠源赴皖。 命署臬司唐樹義江面剿賊。 癸巳，賊陷桐城。 戊戌，豫征山西、陝西、四川三省糧賦，尋止之。
In month 10, jiaxu, Zeng Guofan was sent to Hubei with militia against the rebels. On bingzi, Huangzhou fell and Xu Fengyu was killed; Hanyang followed and Wuchang was besieged. On dingchou, the rebels held Duliuzhen until Sheng Bao arrived and beat them repeatedly. On wuyin, Yixin joined the Grand Council; Lin Kui left it and Ruilin and Muyin entered. On yimao, Yuan Jiasan received third-rank rank to fight Anhui Nian rebels. On renchen, Wuchang stood down and Jiang Zhongyuan marched to Anhui. Tang Shuyi, acting judge, was assigned river operations against the rebels. On guisi, Tongcheng fell. On wuxu, three provinces were told to send grain to Henan, then the levy was canceled.
52
十一月壬寅朔，以王慶雲為陝西巡撫。 丙午，福建官軍克復廈門。 安徽賊陷舒城，辦團大臣侍郎呂賢基死之。 庚戌，賊陷儀徵。 癸丑，命侍郎曾國籓督帶水師剿賊安徽。 丁卯，勝保剿賊獨流，不利，陣歿副都統佟鑒，贈將軍賜恤。
On the renyin new moon in month 11, Wang Qingyun became Shaanxi governor. On bingwu, Fujian forces retook Xiamen. Shucheng fell in Anhui and Lv Xianji, the militia organizer, was killed. On gengxu, Yizheng fell. On guichou, Zeng Guofan was told to take a river flotilla against Anhui rebels. On dingmao, Sheng Bao failed at Duliuzhen; Tong Jian fell and was posthumously made general.
53
十二月甲戌，揚州賊潰圍出，官軍復其城，琦善、慧成等均褫職從軍。 乙亥，詔以黃州賊宗麕集，飭吳文鎔出省剿賊。 戊子，琦善復儀徵。 己丑，賊陷廬州，江忠源死之。 以福濟為安徽巡撫，邵燦為漕運總督。 丙申，以侍郎杜翰為軍機大臣。 翁心存罷，以趙光為工部尚書。 己亥，祫祭太廟。
In month 12, jiaxu, Yangzhou rebels broke out but the city was retaken; Qi Shan and Huicheng lost office and joined the ranks. On yihai, Wu Wenrong was ordered out of province as Huangzhou rebels gathered. On wuzi, Qi Shan retook Yizheng. On jichou, Luzhou fell and Jiang Zhongyuan was killed. Fu Ji took Anhui and Shao Can the grain-transport post. On bingshen, Du Han joined the Grand Council. Weng Xincun left office and Zhao Guang became Minister of Works. On jihai, the court performed joint seasonal sacrifice at the Ancestral Temple.
54
是歲，免奉天、直隸、山東、山西、浙江、湖北、湖南、廣西、雲南、甘肅等省三百四十四廳州縣衛災賦。 又免甘肅中衛地震銀糧、草束各有差。 朝鮮、琉球、暹羅、越南、緬甸、南掌入貢。
That year, disaster taxes were waived in 344 districts across ten provinces. Zhongwei earthquake dues in Gansu were also partly remitted. Tribute came from Korea, Ryukyu, Siam, Vietnam, Burma, and Lan Xang.
55
四年甲寅春正月辛丑朔，蒙古各盟長親王、郡王迭次報效軍需銀兩，溫旨嘉獎，均卻還之。 乙巳，撥內庫銀三十萬兩解赴勝保軍營。 庚戌，官軍克獨流鎮，踞匪回竄。 壬子，張芾罷，以陳啟邁為江西巡撫。 王履謙疏陳河南吏治廢弛，軍需浮冒，河工糜費。 下英桂查覆。 丙辰，浙江海運漕米改由劉河口放洋，命江蘇派員設局。 己未，命福濟經理淮北鹽務。 以王懿德為閩浙總督，呂佺孫為福建巡撫。 辛酉，袁甲三疏請事關籌饟，由軍機處徑交所司，勿發內閣，從之。 乙丑，命廣東購辦夷砲運赴武昌。 丙寅，賊踞束城村，嚴詔僧格林沁、勝保迅速剿擒。 丁卯，湖北進攻黃州兵潰，總督吳文鎔，署按察使、前布政使唐樹義死之。 戶部議覆四川學政何紹基捐廉疏上違式用駢文，上責祁俊藻曰：「當閱何紹基疏時，卿亦議其迂拘，何為尤而效之？ 大學士管部，乃不能動司官稿一字乎！」 賊竄獻縣東城庄，僧格林沁、勝保合軍擊之。 賊竄陷阜城，分股竄山東。 己巳，江蘇六合縣紳團力保危城，詔嘉之，免一年錢糧。
In Xianfeng 4, month 1, xinchou new moon, Mongol princes offered campaign silver, were praised, and all gifts were refused. On bingwu, 300,000 taels from the palace treasury went to Sheng Bao. On gengxu, Duliuzhen was recovered and the rebels withdrew. On renzi, Zhang Fei was removed and Chen Qimai made Jiangxi governor. Wang Lvqian reported lax Henan governance, inflated army costs, and wasted river funds. The court told Ying Gui to investigate. On bingchen, Zhejiang tribute grain was rerouted from Liuhekou with a Jiangsu dispatch office. On jiwei, Fu Ji was assigned Huaibei salt administration. Wang Yide took Min-Zhe and Lv Qiansun Fujian. On xinyou, Yuan Jiasan won direct Grand Council routing for supply papers, bypassing the Secretariat. On yichou, Guangdong was told to buy foreign guns for Wuchang. On bingyin, rebels held Dongcheng village and both generals were urged to crush them at once. On dingmao, the Huangzhou assault collapsed; Wu Wenrong and Tang Shuyi were killed. Revenue boards faulted He Shaoji's donation memorial for parallel prose; the Emperor scolded Qi Junzao for copying what he had called pedantic. As ministry head, could a grand secretary not revise one clerkly line! The Emperor's rebuke ended; rebels fled to Xian's Dongchengzhuang and the two generals struck together. They took Fucheng and sent detachments into Shandong. On jisi, Liuhe's gentry-militia defense won praise and a one-year tax waiver.
56
二月丁丑，上御經筵。 己卯，許乃普罷直南書房，降內閣學士。 以硃鳳標為刑部尚書，周祖培為左都御史。 起翁心存為吏部左侍郎。 辛巳，以台涌為湖廣總督。 壬午，曾國籓奏統帶水陸師萬七千人，自衡州起程馳赴湖北。 癸巳，奕興罷，以英隆為盛京將軍。 曾國籓疏請前巡撫楊健之孫楊江捐銀二萬兩，准楊健入祀鄉賢祠。 得旨：「楊健系休致之員，鄉賢鉅典，非可以捐納得之。 曾國籓不應遽為陳請，下部議處。」 軍興以來，饟空事棘，而帝於名器猶慎之如此。 予殉難安徽布政使劉裕珍世職，諡勤壯。 癸未，前協辦大學士湯金釗、兵部尚書特登額重宴鹿鳴，加宮銜，賜御書匾額。 丙戌，張亮基奏獲戕害大員之賊目王小涌，摘心遙祭。 得旨，即傳知佟鑒、謝子澄家屬告祭。 命托明阿幫辦僧格林沁軍務。 癸巳，以青麟為湖北巡撫，崇綸丁憂，仍同守城。 戊戌，張亮基奏捻賊渡河由豐縣竄入單縣，官兵迎擊獲勝，復陷金鄉。
In month 2, dingchou, the Emperor held the Classics Lecture. On jimao, Xu Naipu left the Southern Study for a secretariat post. Zhu Fengbiao took Punishments and Zhou Zupei the Left Censorate. Weng Xincun returned as Personnel vice minister. On xinsi, Tai Yong became Huguang governor-general. On renwu, Zeng Guofan marched seventeen thousand troops from Hengzhou toward Hubei. On guisi, Yixing was removed and Yinglong made Shengjing general. Zeng Guofan asked shrine honors for Yang Jian after his grandson Yang Jiang gave 20,000 taels. The throne replied: "Yang Jian was retired; worthies' shrine honors are not for sale. Zeng Guofan erred in asking; send the case for ministry discipline." Amid empty coffers and urgent war, the Emperor still guarded honors so strictly. Liu Yuzhen, the Anhui administrator killed in service, received hereditary office and the posthumous name Qinzhuang. On guimwei, Tang Jin'zhao and Tedeng'e received a second Deer-Ming feast, higher rank, and imperial plaques. On bingxu, Zhang Liangji captured Wang Xiaoyong, killer of senior officers, and sacrificed his heart. The throne told Tong Jian's and Xie Zicheng's kin to perform mourning rites. Tuoming'a was assigned to Sengge Rinchen's staff. On guisi, Qinglin became Hubei governor while mourning Chonglun stayed to defend the walls. On wuxu, Zhang Liangji beat Nian rebels entering Shan from Feng but Jinxing fell again.
57
三月庚子朔，張亮基奏賊陷鉅野、鄆城。 辛丑，命載齡帶兵一千駐防河間，桂齡、台祿帶馬步兵千五百駐防德州。 駱秉章奏賊陷岳州，曾國籓回省防堵，留候補道胡林翼楚南剿賊。 壬寅，賊陷陽穀，知縣文穎蒞任五日，死之，優恤建祠。 甲辰，賊由陽穀、冠縣竄至清河之小灘，又分竄至臨清之李官莊。 乙巳，命勝保迎擊山東竄賊，布政使崇恩奏帶兵扼守臨清州。 辛亥，上耕耤田。 丁巳，賊陷臨清。 越十日，官軍復之，潰匪南竄，勝保追擊。 曾國籓奏剿賊岳州失利，回守長沙。 下部議處。
On the gengzi new moon in month 3, Juye and Yancheng fell, Zhang Liangji reported. On xinchou, Zai Ling took 1,000 men to Hejian and Gui Ling and Tailu 1,500 to Dezhou. Luo Bingzhang reported Yuezhou lost; Zeng Guofan went home to defend while Hu Linyi stayed to fight in southern Hunan. On renyin day, Yanggu fell; Wen Ying, magistrate for five days, was killed and honored with a shrine. On jiachen day, rebels from Yanggu and Guan reached Qinghe's Xiao Tan and a detachment reached Linqing's Liguangzhuang. On yisi day, Sengbao was sent against Shandong raiders and Chong'en reported holding Linqing. On xinhai day, the Emperor plowed the sacred field. On dingsi day, Linqing fell. Ten days later the city was retaken; routed rebels fled south and Sengbao pursued. Zeng Guofan reported defeat at Yuezhou and withdrew to Changsha. The ministries were ordered to deliberate punishment.
58
夏四月庚辰，順承郡王春山薨。 阜城賊竄連鎮，僧格林沁追擊圍之。 壬午，勝保奏馬隊追剿臨清潰匪，全數殄滅。 得旨嘉獎，加太子少保，德勒克色楞、善祿黃馬褂。 己丑，予告大學士潘世恩卒。 內大臣壁昌卒。 辛卯，鮑起豹罷，以塔齊布署湖南提督，曾國籓奪職剿賊。 曾國籓克復湘潭，塔齊布、彭玉麟、楊載福剿賊大勝，靖港賊退。
In summer, month 4, gengchen, Prince Chunshan of Shuncheng died. Fucheng rebels fled to Lianzhen and Senggelinqin besieged them. On renwu day, Sengbao reported the Linqing fugitives were wiped out. He was praised, made Junior Guardian, and Delekeseleng and Shanlu received yellow jackets. On jichou day, retired Grand Secretary Pan Shien died. Inner court minister Bi Chang died. On xinmao day, Bao Qibao was dismissed; Taqibu acted as Hunan commander and Zeng Guofan was demoted to fight rebels. Zeng Guofan retook Xiangtan; Taqibu, Peng Yulin, and Yang Zaifu routed rebels and Jinggang rebels withdrew.
59
五月己亥朔，葛雲飛祠成，賜御書匾額。 廓爾喀國王表請出兵剿賊。 溫詔止之。 辛丑，孫瑞珍免，以硃鳳標為戶部尚書，趙光為刑部尚書，彭蘊章為工部尚書。 副都統綿洵追賊於豐縣，敗之，賜巴圖魯勇號。 乙巳，連鎮賊首李開方竄陷高唐州，勝保督兵追之。 壬申，上祈雨大高殿。 丁巳，祈雨天神壇。 庚申，荊州將軍官文奏官軍收復監利縣、宜昌府城。 敕塔齊布統軍赴湖北剿賊。 前湖北巡撫崇綸以託病奪職。 壬戌，雨。 癸亥，和春、福濟奏收復安徽六安州城。
In month 5, jihai new moon, Ge Yunfei's shrine was finished and the Emperor bestowed an inscribed plaque. The Gorkha king asked to send troops against the rebels. A gentle edict refused the request. On xinchou day, Sun Ruizhen was dismissed and Zhu Fengbiao, Zhao Guang, and Peng Yunzhang took the revenue, justice, and works ministries. Mianxun routed rebels at Feng county and received the Baturu title. On yisi day, Li Kaifang of Lianzhen seized Gaotang and Sengbao pursued. On renshen day, the Emperor prayed for rain at the Hall of Great Heights. On dingsi day, he prayed for rain at the Altar of the God of Heaven. On gengshen day, Guan Wen reported Jianli county and Yichang city recovered. Taqibu was ordered to Hubei to suppress rebels. Ex-governor Chong Lun was dismissed for sham illness. On renxu day, rain fell. On guihai day, Hechun and Fu Ji reported Lu'an city recovered.
60
六月戊辰朔，賜臨清、冠縣被賊難民一月口糧。 江西賊竄湖北德安。 庚辰，許乃釗免，以吉爾杭阿為江蘇巡撫。 詔曰：「中國海口，除通商五口外，夷船向不駛入。 近日乃有闌入金陵、鎮江之事，意欲何為？ 葉名琛即向各國夷酋正言阻止。」 辛巳，詔直省團練殺賊者，建立總坊，入祀忠義祠，婦女遇難捐軀者，入祀節孝祠。 癸未，賊陷武昌。 台涌罷，以楊霈為湖北巡撫，署總督。 命曾國籓由岳州進剿，英桂赴信陽防堵。 副都統達洪阿卒于軍，贈都統。 辛卯，敕葉名琛剿捕廣東會匪盜船。 鑄鐵錢、鉛錢。
In month 6, wuchen new moon, Linqing and Guan victims received one month's rations. Jiangxi rebels entered Hubei's De'an. On gengchen day, Xu Naijiao was dismissed and Gilang'a became Jiangsu governor. An edict said China's ports, except the five treaty ports, had never admitted foreign ships. Recently they had entered Jinling and Zhenjiang—what was their purpose? Ye Mingchen was to speak plainly to each foreign chief and stop them." On xinsi day, militia who killed rebels were to have memorial arches and shrine honors; women who died in calamity were to enter the Chastity Shrine. On guimao day, Wuchang fell. Tai Yong was dismissed; Yang Yue became Hubei governor and acting governor-general. Zeng Guofan was to advance from Yuezhou and Ying Gui was sent to block Xinyang. Da Hong'a died in camp and was posthumously made commander-in-chief. On xinmao day, Ye Mingchen was ordered to suppress Guangdong society pirates. Iron and lead cash were cast.
61
秋七月辛丑，湖北賊陷岳州，連陷常德。 壬子，詔：「青麟棄城逃走，遠赴長沙，飭官文傳旨正法。」 副都統特爾清額卒于軍。 庚申，湖南水師克復岳州，予革職侍郎曾國籓三品銜。 命道員胡林翼攻剿常德。 壬戌，楊霈奏克復沔陽，賊陷安陸。
In autumn, month 7, xinchou, Hubei rebels took Yuezhou and then Changde. On renzi day, an edict ordered Qing Lin executed by law for abandoning the city and fleeing to Changsha. Teer Qing'e died in the army. On gengshen day, Hunan forces retook Yuezhou and demoted Zeng Guofan received third rank. Hu Linyi was ordered to attack Changde. On renxu day, Yang Yue reported Mianyang recovered but Anlu fell.
62
閏七月戊辰，湖北官軍克復安陸。 丁丑，欽差大臣琦善卒于軍，以托明阿為欽差大臣，督辦揚州軍務。 庚辰，楊霈奏克復京山、孝感、天門、黃陂、麻城等城。 向榮奏官軍收復高淳。 丙申，和春奏克復太平。
In intercalary month 7, wuchen, Hubei troops retook Anlu. On dingchou day, Qishan died in camp and Tuoming'a became commissioner for Yangzhou. On gengchen day, Yang Yue reported Jingshan, Xiaogan, Tianmen, Huangpi, Macheng, and others recovered. Xiang Rong reported Gaochun recovered. On bingshen day, Hechun reported Taiping recovered.
63
八月庚子，官文奏連復嘉魚、蒲圻。 癸卯，廣東土匪陷肇慶，調湖南、福建兵剿之。 甲寅，湖南官軍由城陵磯進攻通城。 癸亥，英、美二國兵船抵天津海口，命桂良蒞事。
In month 8, gengzi, Guan Wen reported Jiayu and Puqi recovered. On guimao day, Guangdong bandits took Zhaoqing and Hunan and Fujian troops were sent. On jiayin day, Hunan troops advanced from Chenglingji against Tongcheng. On guihai day, British and American ships reached Tianjin and Gui Liang was sent to handle them.
64
九月辛未，湖北、湖南官軍攻克武昌、漢陽。 授楊霈湖廣總督，曾國籓以二品銜署湖北巡撫，塔齊布賜黃馬褂，李孟群、羅澤南、李續賓並升敘有差。 殉難布政使岳興、署按察使李卿穀均予諡建祠。 壬午，湖北官軍克復黃州。 命曾國籓以兵部侍郎銜會塔齊布督軍東下。 甲申，裕瑞罷，以黃宗漢為四川總督，何桂清為浙江巡撫。 戊子，安徽官軍收復廬江。 乙未，魏元烺卒，以翁心存為兵部尚書。
In month 9, xinwei, Hubei and Hunan troops took Wuchang and Hanyang. Yang Yue became Huguang governor-general; Zeng Guofan acted as Hubei governor at second rank; Taqibu got a yellow jacket; Li Mengqun, Luo Zemin, and Li Xubin were promoted. Yue Xing and acting commissioner Li Qinggu received posthumous titles and shrines. On renwu day, Hubei troops retook Huangzhou. Zeng Guofan was ordered east with vice minister rank alongside Taqibu. On jiashen day, Yu Rui was dismissed; Huang Zonghan took Sichuan and He Guiqing took Zhejiang. On wuzi day, Anhui troops retook Lujiang. On yiwei day, Wei Yuanyao died and Weng Xincun became minister of war.
65
冬十月丙辰，以花沙納為吏部尚書，全慶為工部尚書，領國子監。 調文慶為滿洲都統，奕興為漢軍都統，奕山為內大臣。 丁巳，曾國籓奏水陸軍攻半壁山賊，斃賊萬餘。 戊午，以扎拉芬泰為伊犁將軍。 甲子，曾國籓等奏攻克田家鎮，予楊載福、彭玉麟升敘。 湖北軍收復蘄州。
In winter, month 10, bingchen, Huashana took personnel, Quan Qing took works and the Directorate of Education. Wen Qing became Manchu commandant, Yi Xing Han Army commandant, and Yi Shan inner court minister. On dingsi day, Zeng Guofan reported land and river forces killed over ten thousand rebels at Banbishan. On wuwu day, Zhala Fentai became Ili general. On jiazi day, Zeng Guofan reported Tianjiazhen taken and Yang Zaifu and Peng Yulin were promoted. Hubei forces retook Qizhou.
66
十一月丁丑，上詣大高殿祈雪。 庚辰，楊霈奏克復廣濟、黃梅。 戊子，羅繞典卒，以恆春為雲貴總督，王慶雲為山西巡撫，吳振棫為陝西巡撫。 綏遠城將軍善祿卒于軍。 庚寅，大學士、軍機大臣祁俊藻致仕。 以賈楨為大學士，翁心存為吏部尚書，周祖培為兵部尚書，許乃普為左都御史。 癸巳，湖北賊陷安徽英山。 安慶賊竄九江、湖口，及於吳城。
In month 11, dingchou, the Emperor prayed for snow at the Hall of Great Heights. On gengchen day, Yang Yue reported Guangji and Huangmei recovered. On wuzi day, Luo Raodian died; Hengchun took Yunnan-Guizhou, Wang Qingyun Shanxi, and Wu Zhenduo Shaanxi. Shanlu died in the army at Suiyuan City. On gengyin day, Grand Secretary Qi Junyuan retired. Jia Zhen became grand secretary; Weng Xincun took personnel, Zhou Zupei war, and Xu Naipu the left censorate. On guisi day, Hubei rebels took Yingshan in Anhui. Anqing rebels fled to Jiujiang, Hukou, and Wucheng.
67
十二月乙未，曾國籓奏攻克小池口，上嘉獎之，賜狐腿黃馬褂。 戊戌，和春奏克復英山。 以克復英、霍兩縣均資民力，免三年漕糧。 辛丑，袁甲三奏舉人臧紆青進攻桐城，力竭陣亡，贈三品銜，予世職。 乙卯，封奕紀之子載中貝勒，嗣隱志郡王，改名載治。 貴州官兵擊賊，敗之，解興義城圍。 辛酉，安徽官軍克復含山。 僧格林沁奏攻毀西連鎮賊巢。 癸亥，祫祭太廟。
In month 12, yiwei, Zeng Guofan reported Xiao Chikou taken and received a fox-leg yellow jacket. On wuxu day, Hechun reported Yingshan recovered. Ying and Huo counties were exempted from three years of transport tax for popular effort in recovery. On xinchou day, Yuan Jiasan reported licentiate Zang Yuqing died attacking Tongcheng and received third rank and a hereditary post. On yimao day, Yi Ji's son Zai Zhong became beile, succeeded Prince Yin Zhi as Zai Zhi. Guizhou troops defeated rebels and lifted the siege of Xingyi. On xinyou day, Anhui troops retook Hanshan. Senggelinqin reported destroying the rebel nest at West Lianzhen. On guihai day, the autumn joint sacrifice was held at the Imperial Ancestral Temple.
68
是歲，免河南、山東、山西、福建、湖南、廣西等省一百二十九州縣，又廣西土州縣十二災賦有差。 朝鮮、琉球入貢。
That year, 129 prefectures and counties in six provinces had grain tax remitted and twelve Guangxi native districts had disaster levies reduced. Korea and Ryukyu paid tribute.
69
五年乙卯春正月己巳，四川官軍克復貴州桐梓。 壬申，貴州官軍剿匪雷台山，擒匪首陳良模。 甲戌，以江、浙漕米不敷京倉支放，命怡良開辦米捐解京。 戊寅，吉爾杭阿奏克復上海縣城。 詔嘉獎之。 辛巳，湖北賊由黃梅回竄漢口，楊霈退守德安，奪職，仍留任。 癸未，江西官軍克復武寧。 乙酉，僧格林沁奏攻克連鎮，首逆林鳳祥就擒。 封僧格林沁親王，移軍山東，攻剿高唐踞匪。 欽差大臣勝保師久無功，褫職逮問。 丙戌，浙江樂清土匪滋事，剿平之。 敘連鎮功，西凌阿、瑞麟、慶祺、綿洵、拉木棍布扎布、棍楚克林沁各予優賚。
In year 5, month 1, jisi, Sichuan troops retook Guizhou's Tongzi. On renshen day, Guizhou troops took Leitai Mountain and captured Chen Liangmo. On jiaxu day, insufficient Jiangsu-Zhejiang grain transport led Yi Liang to open rice contributions for Beijing. On wuyin day, Gilang'a reported Shanghai county recovered. An edict praised him. On xinsi day, rebels from Huangmei retook Hankou; Yang Yue fell back to De'an, was demoted but kept his post. On guimao day, Jiangxi troops retook Wuning. On yiyou day, Senggelinqin reported Lianzhen taken and Lin Fengxiang captured. Senggelinqin was made prince, moved to Shandong, and attacked the rebels at Gaotang. Sheng Bao lost his commission after prolonged failure and was arrested. On bingxu day, Yueqing bandits in Zhejiang were suppressed. Lianzhen honors brought rich rewards to Xiling'a, Ruilin, Qingqi, Mianxun, Lamugun Buzhabu, and Sengge Rinchen.
70
二月甲午朔，王懿德奏夷商來閩販茶，租賃民房久居，藉收茶稅，從之。 以法將剌尼樂助攻上海，賚綢四端、銀一萬兩，從吉爾杭阿請也。 己亥，上御經筵。 僧格林沁奏克復高唐州，餘匪竄入馮官屯。 辛丑，福建匪徒作亂，剿平之。 戊午，鄂賊北竄，敕僧格林沁調撥馬步兵三四千赴河南助防。
At the second-month new moon, jiawu, Wang Yide won assent to tax foreign tea merchants renting houses in Fujian. Rigault's aid at Shanghai brought him silk and ten thousand taels of silver at Ji'erhang'a's request. On jihai day, the Emperor held court lecture on the classics. Sengge Rinchen reported Gaotang retaken while remnant bandits fled to Fengguantun. On xinchou day, Fujian bandits were suppressed. On wuwu day, northern-fleeing Hu bandits drew three or four thousand of Sengge Rinchen's troops to Henan.
71
三月甲子，廣東官軍復海豐。 皖賊陷徽州。 乙丑，上謁西陵。 賊陷武昌，巡撫陶恩培死之，以胡林翼署湖北巡撫。 辛未，上還京。 辛卯，貴州匪首楊鳳捕誅，餘匪平。
In the third month, on jiazi day, Guangdong forces retook Haifeng. Huizhou fell to Anhui bandits. On yichou day, the Emperor visited the Western Tombs. Wuchang fell, Tao Enpei was killed, and Hu Linyi acted as Hubei governor. On xinwei day, the Emperor returned to Beijing. On xinmao day, Guizhou's Yang Feng was executed and his followers pacified.
72
夏四月乙未，安徽官軍收復婺源。 以額駙景壽為御前大臣。 丁未，江西賊陷廣信。 庚戌，僧格林沁等奏攻克馮官屯賊巢，擒獲首逆李開芳，餘匪盡殲。 得旨：欣慰，僧格林沁即以親王世襲，許乘肩輿，德勒克色楞加貝勒銜，餘各升敘。 江西官軍復弋陽。 浙江賊陷開化。 己未，西安將軍扎拉芬在湖北剿賊陣亡，優恤之。 褫楊霈職，以官文為湖廣總督，綿洵為荊州將軍，瑞麟為西安將軍。 以西凌阿為欽差大臣，赴湖北剿賊。 庚申，江西官軍復饒州、廣信及興安。 辛酉，廣東官軍剿匪獲勝，水陸股匪悉平。
In summer, month 4, yiwei, Anhui forces retook Wuyuan. Jingshou, the emperor's son-in-law, became an imperial presence grand minister. On dingwei day, Guangxin fell to Jiangxi bandits. On gengxu day, Sengge Rinchen reported Fengguantun taken, Li Kaifang captured, and the remnant destroyed. The throne made Sengge Rinchen a hereditary prince with sedan-chair privilege, ennobled Deleksereng, and promoted his officers. Yiyang was retaken by Jiangxi government troops. Kaihua fell to Zhejiang bandits. On jiwei day, Zhalafen of Xi'an died fighting bandits in Hubei and received posthumous honors. Yang Pi was dismissed; Guan Wen took Huguang, Mianxun Jingzhou, and Ruilin Xi'an. Xiling'a went to Hubei as Imperial Commissioner against the rebels. On gengshen day, Jiangxi forces retook Raozhou, Guangxin, and Xing'an. On xinyou day, Guangdong forces pacified all land and water bandit gangs.
73
五月丙寅，恤福建陣亡知縣高鴻飛，入祀京師昭忠祠，並於台灣建祠。 丁卯，向榮奏剿賊三山，勝之。 戊辰，廣東官軍復河源等縣，殲賊於三水。 辛未，上御乾清門，奉命大將軍惠親王綿愉、參贊大臣親王僧格林沁恭繳大將軍印、參贊關防。 壬申，詔曰：「興辦團練，原以保衛鄉閭。 而河南迭有抗糧、抗官之事。 似此相率效尤，流弊甚大。 各督撫其尚加意整頓，勿令日久釀患。」 是時，山東已有黑團之害，尚未上聞。 其後卒以兵力平之。 乙亥，以柏葰為熱河都統。 戊寅，楊霈軍復隨州。 癸未，河南軍收復光山。 丁亥，胡林翼奏分督水陸各軍力攻武、漢，四戰四勝。 得旨，迅圖克復。 詔曰：「朕聞雲南回民易滋事端，屢有聚眾抗糧之事。 恆春、舒興阿務將首要各犯懲處，勿令日久蔓延。」 以李鈞為東河河道總督。
In the fifth month, bingyin, fallen Fujian magistrate Gao Hongfei was honored in Beijing and Taiwan shrines. On dingmao day, Xiang Rong reported victory at Sanshan. On wuchen day, Guangdong retook Heyuan and destroyed bandits at Sanshui. On xinwei day at Qianqing Gate, Princes Mianyu and Sengge Rinchen returned their grand-general seals. On renshen day an edict warned that militia were meant to guard the countryside. Yet Henan kept seeing tax revolts and defiance of officials. Mass imitation of that kind would do great harm. All governors were told to tighten control before trouble grew. Shandong's Black Militia scourge was not yet known at court. They were eventually crushed by force of arms. On yihai day, Boqiu became Rehe commandant. On wuyin day, Yang Pi's force retook Suizhou. On guiwei day, Henan troops retook Guangshan. On dinghai day, Hu Linyi reported four straight victories pressing Wuhan by land and water. The court ordered rapid recapture. An edict warned that Yunnan Hui communities kept resisting grain levies in armed crowds. Hengchun and Shuxing'a were told to punish ringleaders before unrest spread. Li Jun became Eastern River canal governor-general.
74
六月乙未，江西賊陷義寧。 丁酉，提督鄧紹良克復休寧。 乙巳，廣東官軍收復封川，殲賊於虎門洋面。 丙辰，河南蘭陽河溢。 己未，敕安徽徽寧池廣道照台灣道專摺奏事。 辛酉，官文奏官軍克復雲夢、應城。
In the sixth month, yiwei, Jiangxi bandits took Yining. On dingyou day, Deng Shaoliang retook Xiuning. On yisi day, Guangdong retook Fengchuan and destroyed bandits off Humen. On bingchen day, Henan's Lanyang River overflowed. On jiwei day, Anhui's Huining circuit gained Taiwan-style direct memorial rights. On xinyou day, Guan Wen reported Yunmeng and Yingcheng recovered.
75
秋七月壬戌朔，尊皇貴太妃為康慈皇太后。 廣東賊陷湖南郴州、宜章。 癸亥，陳啟邁奪職，以文俊為江西巡撫。 己巳，向榮奏克復蕪湖。 庚午，皇太后崩。 丁丑，西凌阿進剿德安賊匪不利，退守隨州。 命都興阿自馮官屯移軍剿之。 辛巳，恭親王奕訢罷直軍機，回上書房讀書。 以文慶為軍機大臣。 癸未，廣東官軍收復肇慶府、德慶州。 甲申，山西陽城土匪滋事，剿平之。 丁亥，官文奏克復漢川。
At the seventh-month new moon, renxu, the Honored Imperial Noble Consort became Empress Dowager Kangci. Hunan's Chenzhou and Yizhang fell to Guangdong bandits. On guihai day, Chen Qimai fell and Wen Jun took Jiangxi. On jisi day, Xiang Rong reported Wuhu recovered. On gengwu day, the Empress Dowager died. On dingchou day, Xiling'a failed at De'an and fell back to Suizhou. Duxing'a was told to leave Fengguantun and pursue the rebels. On xinsi day, Prince Gong Yixin left the Grand Council for the Upper Study. Wenqing joined the Grand Council. On guiwei day, Guangdong retook Zhaoqing and Deqing. On jiashen day, Yangcheng bandits in Shanxi were suppressed. On dinghai day, Guan Wen reported Hankou recovered.
76
八月辛卯朔，胡林翼督軍攻克漢鎮，進圍漢陽。 甲午，英桂奏邱聯恩擒獲捻首易添富、王黨等誅之。 己亥，湖南提督塔齊布卒于軍，贈將軍。 庚子，上大行皇太后尊諡曰孝靜康慈皇后。 喀什噶爾回匪入卡，倭什琿布派兵逐出之。 戊申，廣東官軍連復連州、三江、連山，解永安城圍。
At the eighth-month new moon, xinmao, Hu Linyi stormed the Han towns and besieged Hanyang. On jiawu day, Ying Gui reported Qiu Lian'en had executed Nian leaders Yi Tianfu and Wang Dang. On jihai day, Taqibu of Hunan died in the field and was made a general posthumously. On gengzi day, the late Empress Dowager received the title Empress Xiaojing Kangci. Kashgar Hui raiders entered the pass and Ishaqpa's troops expelled them. On wushen day, Guangdong recovered Lianzhou, Sanjiang, and Lianshan and relieved Yong'an.
77
九月甲子，大學士卓秉恬卒。 乙丑，以劉鉦為漢軍都統。 庚午，命文慶、葉名琛協辦大學士。 癸酉，發內帑十萬兩續賑直隸、山東災民。 壬午，四川馬邊廳夷匪滋事，官軍剿平之。 癸未，捻首張洛行由歸德南竄，命提督武隆額剿之。 乙酉，命官文為欽差大臣，督辦湖北軍務。 浙軍克復安徽休寧、石埭。 戊子，調鄧紹良為固原提督。
In the ninth month, on jiazi day, Grand Secretary Zhuo Bingtian died. On yichou day, Liu Zheng became Eight Banners commander. On gengwu day, Wenqing and Ye Mingchen were assigned to assist the grand secretariat. On guiyou day, another hundred thousand taels went to Zhili and Shandong disaster relief. On renwu day, Mabian Yi unrest in Sichuan was suppressed. On guiwei day, Zhang Luoxing fled south from Guide and Wu Long'e was sent after him. On yiyou day, Guan Wen became Imperial Commissioner over Hubei. Zhejiang troops retook Anhui's Xiuning and Shicheng. On wuzi day, Deng Shaoliang became Guyuan regional commander.
78
冬十月丁酉，和春、福濟奏克復廬州府城。 得旨嘉獎，賜和春黃馬褂，福濟太子少保，免合肥三年額賦。 辛丑，貴州苗匪陷都江。 壬寅，官文奏克復德安。 戊申，石達開回竄湖北，胡林翼堵剿之。 壬子，永免河南攤徵河工加價銀四十萬兩。
In the tenth month, dingyou, Hechun and Fu Ji reported Luzhou city recovered. The court gave Hechun a yellow jacket, made Fu Ji Junior Guardian, and remitted three years of Hefei taxes. On xinchou day, Guizhou Miao bandits took Dujiang. On renyin day, Guan Wen reported De'an recovered. On wushen day, Shi Dakai re-entered Hubei and Hu Linyi moved to stop him. On renzi day, Henan's forty-myriad-tael river-works surcharge was abolished forever.
79
十一月甲子，胡林翼奏，羅澤南、李續賓迎擊石達開、韋俊於羊樓峒，敗之； 請購洋砲擊賊。 敕葉名琛採購洋砲六百尊，由湖南水運湖北應用。 辛未，廓爾喀夷人占踞後藏濟嚨。 德興卒，調麟魁為刑部尚書，以瑞麟為禮部尚書。 戊子，官文奏攻克咸寧、金口，並報江西賊陷義寧，檄飭羅澤南回剿。 得旨：「羅澤南正在攻剿，武漢契緊，不可回剿。」 詔令曾國籓等遣周汝筠前赴崇、通，為羅澤南後路援應。 和春等奏捻匪李兆受竄踞英山，道員何桂珍密謀會捕，不克，死之。
In the eleventh month, jiazi, Hu Linyi reported Luo Zinan and Li Xubin defeated Shi Dakai and Wei Jun at Yangloudong; and asked to buy foreign guns against the rebels. Ye Mingchen was told to buy six hundred foreign guns and ship them from Hunan to Hubei. On xinwei day, Gorkhas seized Jilong in rear Tibet. After Dexing's death, Lin Kui took Justice and Ruilin took Rites. On wuzi day, Guan Wen reported Xianning and Jinkou taken and wanted Luo Zinan recalled when Yining fell. The throne refused recall: Luo Zinan must stay on the pressing Wuhan front. Zeng Guofan was told to send Zhou Ruyun to Chongyang and Tongcheng to back Luo Zinan. Hechun reported Li Zhaoshou holding Yingshan and He Guizhen's failed secret ambush in which he died.
80
十二月辛卯，上詣大高殿祈雪。 丙申，江西賊陷臨江、瑞州，敕曾國籓撥兵剿之。 戊戌，留江蘇漕米二十萬石濟江南軍。 癸卯，廣西官軍收復興安。 貴州賊徐廷傑陷鎮筸，分陷思南。 乙巳，命文慶、葉名琛為大學士，桂良、彭蘊章協辦大學士，柏葰為戶部尚書，奕湘為盛京將軍，英隆為熱河都統。 丙午，以鄭親王端華為滿洲都統，奕山為黑龍江將軍。 命西凌阿赴河南防剿。 庚戌，捻匪張洛行回竄歸德。 癸丑，命英桂督剿豫、東、皖三省捻匪。 景淳奏陳防夷情形，上嘉獎之。 駐藏大臣赫特賀奏馳抵後藏籌御大略。 得旨：「江孜、定日汛、馬布加各地，均屬中道要害，即宜扼守。 噶布倫中擇其為夷情信仰者，令協同辦事，以輔兵力之不及。 生擒夷人，暫留營中，令來往通信，以示羈縻。 樂斌等所擬六條，下該大臣知之。」 丁巳，祫祭太廟。
In the twelfth month, xinmao, the Emperor prayed for snow at Dagao Hall. On bingchen day, Linjiang and Ruizhou fell and Zeng Guofan was told to send troops. On wuxu day, two hundred thousand piculs of Jiangsu grain were held for the Jiangnan army. On guimao day, Guangxi forces retook Xing'an. Xu Tingjie of Guizhou seized Zhengan and raided Sinan. On yisi day, Wenqing and Ye Mingchen became grand secretaries with Gui Liang and Peng Yunzhang assisting; Boqiu took Revenue, Yixiang Shengjing, and Yinglong Rehe. On bingwu day, Prince Duanhua became Manchu commander and Yishan Heilongjiang general. Xi Ling'a was sent to Henan to fight bandits. On gengxu day, Nien leader Zhang Luoxing retreated toward Guide. On guichou day, Yinggui took command against Nien rebels in Henan, Shandong, and Anhui. Jingchun reported on coastal defense; the Emperor praised him. Hetehe reported rushing to rear Tibet to organize defense. An edict said Gyantse, Dingri, Mapuja, and other central-route strongpoints must be held immediately. Trusted kashag agents were to assist where troops fell short. Captured tribesmen were to be held as messengers for a conciliatory policy. Le Bin's six proposals were sent to the commissioner. The edict closed." On dingsi day, the court held the temple combined sacrifice.
81
是歲，免直隸、山東、湖北、廣西、貴州等省二府一百五十八州縣，又廣西三十八土州縣災賦，江蘇鹽場場課各有差。 朝鮮、琉球入貢。
That year tax relief covered 158 districts in Zhili, Shandong, Hubei, Guangxi, and Guizhou, thirty-eight Guangxi native districts, and adjusted Jiangsu salt-field dues. Korea and Ryukyu sent tribute missions.
82
六年丙辰春正月己未朔，惇郡王奕脤復親王。 以奕山為御前大臣，貝勒載治御前行走。 壬戌，楊以增卒，以庚長為江南河道總督。 壬申，賊擾湖南晃州、麻陽，官軍擊走之，斬賊首何祿。 乙亥，詔駱秉章檄知府劉長佑赴江西剿賊。 戊寅，廣東提督昆壽剿歸善賊，平之。 辛巳，提督秦定三攻克舒城。
In year 6, spring month 1, new moon jiwei, Prince Dun Yi Song regained princely rank. Yi Shan joined the imperial presence and Beile Zai Zhi received front-audience duty. On renxu day, Yang Yizeng died and Geng Chang became Jiangnan canal governor-general. On renshen day, rebels struck Huangzhou and Mayang in Hunan; troops routed them and killed He Lu. On yihai day, Luo Bingzhang was told to send Prefect Liu Changyou to fight rebels in Jiangxi. On wuyin day, Kunshou pacified Guiji rebels in Guangdong. On xinsi day, Qin Dingsan took Shucheng.
83
二月壬辰，詔湖南苗弁剿匪出力，准其留營序補。 戊戌，上御經筵。 辛丑，順天府尹蔣琦淳疏進克己、復禮二箴，上嘉納之。 丙午，英、美二國求改條約，下葉名琛知之。 丁未，調吉林、黑龍江、察哈爾、綏遠城兵赴山東、河南剿賊。 己酉，酌增直省文員減成養廉。 壬子，命福興幫辦江南軍務。 丙辰，廓爾喀請罷兵。 丁巳，貴州官軍攻克銅仁。
In month 2, renchen, Miao officers who fought well in Hunan could earn camp seniority for promotion. On wuxu day, the Emperor held the classics lecture. On xinchou day, Jiang Qichun submitted essays on restraint and ritual; the Emperor approved. On bingwu day, Britain and America asked to revise treaties; Ye Mingchen was notified. On dingwei day, banner troops from the northeast were sent to Shandong and Henan against rebels. On jiyou day, provincial civil officials received increased integrity-pay supplements. On renzi day, Fuxing was assigned to Jiangnan military affairs. On bingchen day, Nepal sought peace. On dingsi day, Guizhou troops took Tongren.
84
三月己未，瓜州賊出竄運河，托明阿追剿之。 奕湘免，以慶祺為盛京將軍。 壬戌，湖南官軍克復永明、江華。 劉長佑軍入江西，復萍鄉。 江西賊陷吉安。 癸亥，上耕耤田。 甲子，江南賊再陷揚州，奪托明阿、雷以諴職，授德興阿欽差大臣，少詹事翁同書副之。 乙丑，石達開陷瑞州，詔廣東堵剿。 丁卯，釋賽尚阿、訥爾經額於戍所。 乙亥，提督鄧紹良力攻揚州，克之，命幫辦德興阿軍務。 賊竄江浦。 丁丑，羅澤南力攻武昌，陣亡，贈巡撫，賜恤予諡。 戊寅，賊陷江西建昌。 命浙江學政萬青藜、布政使晏端書督辦三衢防務。 庚辰，穆宗生母懿嬪那拉氏晉封懿妃。 曾國籓攻賊樟樹失利，下部議處。 癸未，恆春奏軍務省分督撫，請許單銜奏事，從之。 丙戌，張國樑軍攻克浦口。
In month 3, jiwei, Guazhou rebels raided the canal and Tuoming'a pursued them. Yi Xiang left office and Qingqi became Mukden general. On renxu day, Hunan troops recovered Yongming and Jianghua. Liu Changyou entered Jiangxi and retook Pingxiang. Rebels took Ji'an in Jiangxi. On guihai day, the Emperor plowed the sacred field. On jiazi day, Yangzhou fell again; Tuoming'a and Lei Yixuan lost rank; Dexing'a became Imperial Commissioner with Weng Tongshu as deputy. On yichou day, Shi Dakai took Ruizhou and Guangdong was ordered to intercept him. On dingmao day, Saišang'a and Ne'erjing'e were freed from exile. On yihai day, Deng Shaoliang stormed Yangzhou, took it, and joined Dexing'a's staff. Rebels fled toward Jiangpu. On dingchou day, Luo Zeyuan died assaulting Wuchang and was posthumously ennobled as governor. On wuyin day, rebels took Jianchang in Jiangxi. Wan Qingli and Yan Duanshu were ordered to defend the Three Qu region in Zhejiang. On gengchen day, the future Empress Dowager Cixi was raised from yipin to yifei. Zeng Guofan failed at Zhangshu and faced board review. On guiwei day, Hengchun won permission for frontier governors to memorialize on military affairs alone. On bingxu day, Zhang Guoliang took Pukou.
85
夏四月戊子，粵賊復陷儀徵，官軍尋復之。 甲午，貴州軍復郎岱。 丙申，雲南楚雄漢、回構釁。 己亥，江西軍復進賢。 辛丑，奉天金州地震。 癸卯，安徽賊陷寧國。 丙午，前協辦大學士、致仕光祿寺卿湯金釗卒，贈尚書。 辛亥，賜翁同龢等二百一十六人進士及第出身有差。 丙辰，德興阿奏官軍攻賊三汊河，毀其巢。
In summer, month 4, wuzi, Guangdong rebels retook Yizheng but troops soon recovered it. On jiawu day, Guizhou troops retook Langdai. On bingshen day, Han and Hui rioted in Chuxiong, Yunnan. On jihai day, Jiangxi troops retook Jinxian. On xinchou day, Jinzhou in Fengtian was shaken by earthquake. On guimao day, rebels took Ningguo in Anhui. On bingwu day, retired minister Tang Jin'gao died and was posthumously made minister. On xinhai day, Weng Tonghe and 215 others received jinshi degrees. On bingchen day, Dexing'a reported destroying rebel nests at San Cha River.
86
五月辛酉，以穆克德訥為廣州將軍，都興阿為江寧將軍。 壬戌，湖北通城官軍失利，道員江忠濟死之。 江蘇巡撫吉爾杭阿擊賊鎮江之黃泥州，不勝，死之，贈總督。 以趙德轍署江蘇巡撫。 甲子，江南賊撲九華山營盤，陷之。 河南軍復光州。 復西凌阿都統。 袁甲三復三品卿。 丁丑，賊陷溧水。
In month 5, xinyou, Mukedena became Guangzhou general and Duxing'a Jiangning general. On renxu day, Hubei troops lost at Tongcheng and Jiang Zhongji was killed. Governor Ji'erhang'a died fighting at Huangnizhou near Zhenjiang and was posthumously made governor-general. Zhao Dezhe became acting Jiangsu governor. On jiazi day, rebels stormed and took the Jiuhua Mountain camp. Henan troops retook Guang prefecture. Xi Ling'a regained his commandant rank. Yuan Jiasan regained third-rank secretary rank. On dingchou day, rebels took Lishui.
87
六月丙戌朔，金陵賊撲陷大營，官軍退守丹陽，奪向榮、福興職。 戊子，以按察使徐宗幹幫辦安徽防務。 命怡良雇募火輪船入江剿賊。 敕河南、廣東撥兵，和春、傅振邦赴援江南。 丁未，葉名琛奏英、美、法各國公使以定約十二年，請赴京重修條約。 詔酌允變通，阻止來京。 辛亥，永定河溢。 江西賊陷饒州。
At the sixth-month new moon, bingxu, Taiping rebels overran the Jinling great camp; troops fell back to Danyang; Xiang Rong and Fuxing lost rank. On wuzi day, Xu Zonggan joined Anhui defense staff. Yiliang was told to hire steam gunboats for the Yangzi campaign. Troops were ordered from Henan and Guangdong; Hechun and Fu Zhenbang went south to aid Jiangnan. On dingwei day, Ye Mingchen said British, American, and French ministers wanted treaty revision in Beijing after twelve years. The court allowed some flexibility but barred the envoys from Beijing. On xinhai day, the Yongding River burst its banks. Rebels took Raozhou in Jiangxi.
88
秋七月辛酉，廣東援軍連復江西上猶、雩都，解贛州城圍。 王懿德呈進美國國書，得旨：「更換條約，難以准行，仍令回廣東商訂。」 丁卯，命總兵張國梁幫辦向榮軍務。 壬申，江西官軍連復南康、饒州。 癸酉，欽差大臣向榮卒于軍。 丙子，甘肅撒拉回匪滋事，官軍剿平之。 命和春馳赴丹陽剿賊，鄭魁士接辦安徽軍務。 湖北援軍克復江西新昌、上高。 赫特賀奏廓爾喀與唐古忒和成，撤回戍兵。
In autumn, month 7, xinyou, Guangdong troops retook Shangyou and Yudu and raised the siege of Ganzhou. Wang Yide presented America's letter; an edict refused treaty replacement and sent negotiators back to Guangdong. The edict closed." On dingmao day, Zhang Guoliang joined Xiang Rong's staff. On renshen day, Jiangxi troops retook Nankang and Raozhou. On guiyou day, Xiang Rong died at the front. On bingzi day, Salar rebels in Gansu were suppressed. Hechun was sent to Danyang and Zheng Kuishi took Anhui command. Hubei reinforcements retook Xinchang and Shanggao in Jiangxi. Hetehe reported peace between Nepal and Tibet and withdrawal of garrisons.
89
八月戊子，黃宗漢罷，以吳振棫為四川總督，譚廷襄為陝西巡撫。 癸巳，命舒興阿嚴辦回匪，舉行鄉團。 癸卯，廣西官軍復上思州、貴縣。 丁未，貴州賊陷都勻、施秉，進陷古州。 戊申，安徽官軍攻克三河。 己酉，江西會匪攻陷廣昌、南豐、新昌、瀘溪。
In month 8, wuzi, Huang Zonghan left office; Wu Zhendong became Sichuan governor-general and Tan Tingxiang Shaanxi governor. On guisi day, Shuxing'a was ordered to suppress Hui rebels and raise local militia. On guimao day, Guangxi troops retook Shangsizhou and Guixian. On dingwei day, rebels took Duyun and Shibing in Guizhou and then Guzhou. On wushen day, Anhui troops took Sanhe. On jiyou day, Jiangxi secret societies took Guangchang, Nanfeng, Xinchang, and Luxi.
90
九月乙卯朔，日有食之。 戊午，京師米貴，開五城飯廠，並撥倉穀制錢賑固安六州縣飢民。 己巳，雲南土匪陷浪穹。 庚午，江南官軍攻高淳，克之。 癸酉，安徽官軍復無為州。 丁丑，文慶等疏進孟保繙譯大學衍義，命校刊頒行。 壬午，西寧黑番族滋事，提督索文剿平之。 易棠病免，以樂斌為陝甘總督，有鳳為成都將軍，東純為福州將軍。
At the ninth-month new moon, yimao, there was a solar eclipse. On wuwu day, dear grain in Beijing brought soup kitchens and relief for Gu'an and five other districts. On jisi day, bandits took Langqiong in Yunnan. On gengwu day, Jiangnan troops took Gaochun. On guiyou day, Anhui troops retook Wuwei. On dingchou day, Wenqing submitted Meng Bao's translation of the Daxue yanyi for publication. On renwu day, Suowen suppressed Black Tibetan unrest near Xining. Yi Tang left office; Le Bin became Shaanxi-Gansu governor-general; You Feng and Dong Chun took regional commands.
91
冬十月丙戌，貴州賊陷台拱、黃平。 庚寅，官文剿襄陽匪徒，平之。 甲午，命英桂、秦定三會剿渦河、蒙城捻匪。 丁酉，安徽官軍克復和州。 雲南大理回匪戕官踞城。 壬寅，襄樊賊犯鄧州。 河南賊由夏邑趨擾徐州。 甲辰，浙江官軍再復休寧。 予前巡撫張芾三品卿。 丁未，廣西右江鎮標兵變，勞崇光討平之。 壬子，何桂清奏浙軍進克黟縣，徽州肅清。 邵燦奏官軍擊退捻匪，徐州解圍。 以常清為伊犁將軍。
In winter, month 10, bingxu, Guizhou rebels took Taigong and Huangping. On gengyin day, Guan Wen pacified Xiangyang bandits. On jiawu day, Yinggui and Qin Dingsan were sent against Nien bandits on the Wo River and at Mengcheng. On dingyou day, Anhui troops retook Hezhou. Dali Hui rebels in Yunnan killed officials and held the city. On renyin day, Xiang-Fan rebels struck Dengzhou. Henan raiders from Xiayi pressed toward Xuzhou. On jiachen day, Zhejiang forces retook Xiuning. Ex-governor Zhang Fei received third-rank grand secretary rank. On dingwei day, Guangxi's Right River garrison mutinied and Lao Chongguang put it down. On renzi day, He Guiqing reported Yi county taken and Huizhou pacified. Shao Can reported Nian bandits driven off and Xuzhou relieved. Changqing became Ili general.
92
十一月乙卯朔，宣宗實錄成。 以彭蘊章為大學士，翁心存協辦大學士，許乃普為工部尚書，硃嶟為左都御史。 辛酉，雲南官軍克復姚州。 乙丑，升文昌入中祀。 命鄭魁士移軍會英桂剿捻匪，秦定三會福濟剿皖匪。 丙寅，命勝保赴安徽軍營。 辛未，大學士文慶卒。 英人在廣東以查船構釁，放砲攻城。 紳團憤擊之，殲數百人。 敕葉名琛相機辦理。 壬申，命柏葰為軍機大臣。 乙亥，江西賊陷撫州。 戊寅，楚軍道員劉長佑連復江西袁州、分宜，加按察使銜，予其父母三品封典，予巡撫駱秉章花翎。 英桂奏攻破雉河集賊巢。 庚辰，上臨大學士文慶第賜奠。 壬午，胡林翼克復武昌，癸未，官文克復漢陽，均得旨嘉獎。 貴州軍攻克都勻。
In the eleventh month, on the new moon yimao, the Xuanzong Veritable Record was finished. Peng Yunzhang became Grand Secretary, Weng Xincun cooperating secretary, Xu Naipu works minister, and Zhu Yun left censor-in-chief. On xinyou day, Yunnan forces retook Yao prefecture. On yichou day, Wenchang was raised to middle sacrifice. Zheng Kuishi was sent to join Ying Gui against the Nian, and Qin Dingsan to join Fu Ji against Anhui rebels. On bingyin day, Shengbao was ordered to the Anhui front. On xinwei day, Grand Secretary Wenqing died. At Guangdong the British provoked a clash over ship searches and shelled the city. Local gentry forces struck back and killed hundreds. Ye Mingchen was told to manage the affair as he saw fit. On renshen day, Bo Shu joined the Grand Council. On yihai day, Jiangxi rebels captured Fuzhou. On wuyin day, Liu Changyou retook Jiangxi's Yuanzhou and Fenyi, received surveillance commissioner rank and honors for his parents, and Luo Bingzhang a peacock feather. Ying Gui reported the Zhiheji bandit lair taken. On gengchen day, the Emperor personally mourned at Wenqing's home. On renwu day Hu Linyi retook Wuchang and on guiwei Guan Wen retook Hanyang, each praised by edict. Guizhou forces captured Duyun.
93
十二月乙酉，湖北官軍攻克老河口。 丙戌，上祈雪。 戊子，以肅親王華豐為內大臣。 己丑，詔曰：「湖北累為賊踞，小民兵燹餘生，瘡痍可念。 現在武、漢既復，亟宜援救民瘼。 錢糧分別蠲緩，災黎作何撫恤，其速籌議以聞。」 湖北官軍連復武昌縣、黃州府城。 甲午，胡林翼奏陳湖北兵政吏治。 得旨：「既能確有所見，即當實力舉行。」 丙申，官文奏剿辦隨州土匪，匪首就擒。 續報官軍連復興國、大冶、蘄水、蘄州、廣濟。 辛丑，皖、浙官軍克復寧國，賜何桂清花翎。 癸卯，以湖南官軍剿除湖北崇、通賊匪，加候選道王珍按察使銜。 甲辰，官文奏官軍在九江焚毀賊船。 詔曾國籓激厲將士，由湖出江，以便合剿。 戊申，山東官軍剿斃捻首王方雲。 湖北官軍克復黃梅。 己酉，命桂良為大學士，柏葰協辦大學士。 以譚廷襄為直隸總督，曾望顏為陝西巡撫。 壬子，祫祭太廟。
In the twelfth month, on yiyou day, Hubei forces took Laohekou. On bingxu day, the Emperor prayed for snow. On wuzi day, Prince Su Hua Feng became an inner grand minister. On jichou day the court said: "Hubei has been ravaged by rebels; soldiers and civilians left alive deserve compassion. With Wuhan restored, the people's hardships must be eased at once. Remit or defer taxes by case and report quickly how the afflicted are to be relieved." Hubei forces then retook Wuchang county and Huangzhou city. On jiawu day, Hu Linyi reported on Hubei army and government. The court replied: "Where you have clear views, put them into practice." On bingshen day, Guan Wen reported Suizhou bandits suppressed and their leaders taken. Further word came that Xingguo, Daye, Qishui, Qizhou, and Guangji had been retaken. On xinchou day, Anhui and Zhejiang forces retook Ningguo and He Guiqing received a peacock feather. On guimao day, Wang Zhen received surveillance commissioner rank for clearing Chong and Tong bandits in Hubei. On jiachen day, Guan Wen reported rebel shipping burned at Jiujiang. Zeng Guofan was told to drive his forces from the lake to the Yangtze for a combined campaign. On wushen day, Shandong forces killed Nian leader Wang Fangyun. Hubei forces retook Huangmei. On jiyou day, Gui Liang became Grand Secretary and Bo Shu cooperating secretary. Tan Tingxiang took Zhili and Zeng Wangyan Shaanxi. On renzi day, the court held joint ancestral sacrifice.
94
是歲，免直隸、江蘇、山東、山西、河南、湖南、貴州等省一百六十五州縣被災、被賊額賦，又免江蘇六場鹽課各有差。 朝鮮入貢。
That year 165 disaster- and bandit-stricken districts in several provinces had taxes remitted, and six Jiangsu salterns received salt-tax relief. Korea presented tribute.
95
七年丁巳春正月庚午，怡良奏傅振邦克復高淳，張國樑進取句容。 何桂清奏浙省援剿，內防本境，外保鄰封。 得旨嘉獎。 調全慶為兵部尚書，文彩為工部尚書，肅順為左都御史。 廣西太平府土匪平。 丙子，召西凌阿、崇安回京。 加勝保副都統銜，幫辦剿匪事宜。 王履謙回籍，命李鈞接辦河防。 己卯，葉名琛奏防剿英夷獲勝。 得旨：「控制外夷，非內地可比。 定海前事，可取為鑒。 其務操縱得宜，勿貽後悔，朕不為遙制也。 下蘇、直、閩、浙各督撫知之。」
In year 7, spring month 1, gengwu, Yiliang reported Fu Zhenbang's recovery of Gaochun and Zhang Guoliang's advance on Jurong. He Guiqing reported Zhejiang aiding neighbors while holding its own ground. The court praised and rewarded them. Quanqing took war, Wencai works, and Sushun the left censorate. Guangxi's Taiping prefecture bandits were pacified. On bingzi day, Xiling'a and Chong'an were recalled. Shengbao received vice censor rank to help suppress bandits. Wang Lvqian went home and Li Jun took charge of river defense. On jimao day, Ye Mingchen reported victory over the British. The court said: "Managing foreigners is not like governing inland provinces. The earlier Dinghai episode should be a warning. Handle them skillfully and avoid regret; I will not micromanage from afar. The order went to the Jiangsu, Zhili, Fujian, and Zhejiang governors. So ordered.
96
二月乙酉，曾國籓奏克復建昌。 丙戌，上御經筵。 辛卯，湖北官軍收復宜昌。 甲午，雲南賓川回匪作亂。 甲辰，湖北賊陷遠安、荊門，官軍擊走之。 丁未，安徽賊匪上犯黃梅，都興阿擊敗之。 安徽匪陷六安。 壬子，英桂、勝保奏剿辦捻匪，奪回烏龍集，進規固始。
In the second month, on yiyou day, Zeng Guofan reported Jianchang recovered. On bingxu day, the Emperor held court lecture on the classics. On xinmao day, Hubei forces retook Yichang. On jiawu day, Hui rebels rose at Yunnan's Binchuan. On jiachen day, Hubei rebels seized Yuan'an and Jingmen but were beaten back. On dingwei day, Anhui rebels pressed Huangmei and Du Xing'a repulsed them. Anhui rebels captured Lu'an. On renzi day, Ying Gui and Shengbao reported Nian bandits beaten, Wulongji retaken, and an advance on Gushi.
97
三月癸巳朔，曾國籓丁父憂，給假治喪，命楊載福暫統水軍，彭玉麟副之。 丙辰，湖北官軍唐訓方、巴揚阿剿南彰匪徒，敗之，賊首劉尚義降。 貴州提督孝順兵潰於都勻，死之。 己未，襄樊賊陷河南內鄉，官軍擊復之。 詔怡良「密查張國樑是否與和春意見不合。 軍中統帥，全在能得人心，倘駕馭無方，使健將不肯出力，貽誤非輕」。 癸亥，上耕耤田。 丁卯，以耆齡為江西巡撫。 庚午，敘克復武、漢功，協領多隆阿以副都統用。 辛未，恆春奏回匪滋擾，將領乏員，請調鄖陽鎮總兵王國材來滇協剿，從之。 壬申，江西官軍攻景德鎮，不利，都司畢金科戰歿，劉長佑復敗於新喻。 辛巳，廣西橫州土匪滋事，廣東官軍剿平之。 葉名琛奏英船退出省河。 得旨：「總宜弭此釁端，不可使生邊患。」
In the third month, on the new moon guisi, Zeng Guofan mourned his father; Yang Zaifu commanded the fleet and Peng Yulin assisted. On bingchen day, Tang Xunfang and Bayanga defeated southern Zhang bandits and Liu Shangyi surrendered. Guizhou commander Xiaoshun was defeated at Duyun and killed. On jiwei day, Xiang-Fan rebels took Neixiang but government troops retook it. Yiliang was told: "Secretly find out whether Zhang Guoliang and Hechun disagree. An army lives on loyalty; if command fails and good officers hold back, the damage is grave." On guihai day, the Emperor performed the plowing rite. On dingmao day, Qiling became Jiangxi governor. On gengwu day, Wuhan recovery honors went out and Duolong'a received vice censor rank. On xinwei day, Hengchun reported Hui unrest and shortage of officers; Wang Guocai was transferred to Yunnan to help. On renshen day, Jiangxi forces failed at Jingdezhen; Bi Jinke fell and Liu Changyou lost again at Xinyu. On xinsi day, Guangxi Hengzhou bandits rose and Guangdong forces suppressed them. Ye Mingchen reported British ships had left the provincial river. The court said: "End the quarrel and do not let it become a frontier war." So ordered.
98
夏四月甲申，恆春奏迤西回匪降。 德勒克多爾濟奏俄國請遣使來京，詔止之。 丁亥，江西賊竄福建，陷邵武、光澤。 癸巳，怡良以病免，命何桂清為兩江總督。 乙未，貴州賊陷永從。 丁酉，湖南援軍劉長佑攻克江西新喻。
In the fourth month, on jiashen day, Hengchun reported western Yunnan Hui rebels had submitted. Deleke duo'erji reported a Russian request for envoys to Beijing; the court refused. On dinghai day, Jiangxi rebels entered Fujian and captured Shaowu and Guangze. On guisi day, Yiliang left office for illness and He Guiqing became Liang-Jiang governor-general. On yiwei day, Guizhou rebels captured Yongcong. On dingyou day, Liu Changyou's Hunan relief force retook Jiangxi's Xinyu.
99
五月丙辰，薩迎阿卒，以劉鉦署西安將軍。 湖北官軍克復江西奉新、靖安、安義。 癸亥，李孟群奏赴援廬州，克復英山。 福建賊陷汀州。 丙子，德勒克多爾濟奏俄使由天津來京，敕譚廷襄羈縻之。
In the fifth month, on bingchen day, Saying'a died and Liu Zheng acted as Xi'an general. Hubei forces retook Jiangxi's Fengxin, Jing'an, and Anyi. On guihai day, Li Mengqun reported marching to Luzhou and retaking Yingshan. Fujian rebels captured Tingzhou. On bingzi day, Deleke duo'erji reported a Russian envoy via Tianjin; Tan Tingxiang was to detain him diplomatically.
100
閏五月甲申，和春奏克復溧水。 乙酉，曾國籓奏請終制，溫旨留之，仍令迅赴江西視師。 庚寅，雲南武定州回匪滋事，官軍剿平之。 李孟群奏擊敗霍丘竄賊，得旨嘉獎。 丁酉，勝保攻正陽關，不利，道員金光箸死之，贈布政使。 庚子，俄人以兵至海蘭泡，建營安砲，要求通商。 命奕山拒之。 辛丑，何桂清奏請知府溫紹原復官，辦理六合鄉團。 詔吉林、黑龍江兵久勞於外，酌量撤回。 壬寅，慶英奏浩罕勾結回匪，占踞英吉沙爾城，集兵剿之。 以張國樑為湖南提督。 癸卯，福建官軍收復光澤、汀州，踞匪出竄連城，擊敗之。
In the intercalary fifth month, on jiashen day, Hechun reported Lishui recovered. On yiyou day, Zeng Guofan asked for full mourning but was kept in service and told to hurry to Jiangxi. On gengyin day, Hui rebels at Yunnan's Wuding rose and government troops put them down. Li Mengqun reported victory over Huoqiu raiders and received praise. On dingyou day, Shengbao failed at Zhengyang Pass; Jin Guangzhu was killed and posthumously made administration commissioner. On gengzi day, Russian troops reached Hailanpao, encamped with guns, and asked to trade. The court ordered Yishan to turn them away. On xinchou day, He Guiqing asked that Prefect Wen Shaoyuan be restored to run Liuhe militia. The court ordered a measured withdrawal of Jilin and Heilongjiang troops long stationed away. On renyin day, Qing Ying reported Kokand and Muslim rebels holding Yingjisha and mobilized to crush them. Zhang Guoliang became Hunan provincial commander. On guimao day, Fujian troops retook Guangze and Tingzhou and beat rebels fleeing to Liancheng.
101
六月壬子，召舒興阿來京，以桑春榮為雲南巡撫。 癸丑，福建官軍收復邵武。 乙卯，江南官軍克復句容，加和春太子少保，賜張國樑黃馬褂。 辛酉，王珍援江西吉安，連戰勝之，賜巴圖魯勇號。 丁卯，河南南陽土匪平。 癸酉，福建官軍收復泰寧、建寧。 俄夷至天津遞國書，命文謙卻之。 永定河決。 乙亥，雲南回匪犯省城，恆春自盡。 事聞，調吳振棫為雲貴總督，以王慶雲為四川總督，恆福為山西巡撫。 丙子，江西官軍收復龍泉。 戊寅，命許乃釗幫辦江南軍務，張亮基予五品銜，幫辦雲南剿匪事宜。
In the sixth month, on renzi day, Shu Xing'a was called to Beijing and Sang Chunrong made Yunnan governor. On guichou day, Fujian troops retook Shaowu. On yimao day, Jiangnan troops took Jurong; He Chun became Junior Guardian and Zhang Guoliang received a yellow jacket. On xinyou day, Wang Zhen relieved Ji'an, won repeatedly, and received a Baturu title. On dingmao day, Nanyang bandits in Henan were pacified. On guiyou day, Fujian troops retook Taining and Jianning. Russian envoys brought credentials to Tianjin and Wen Qian was told to refuse them. The Yongding River broke through. On yihai day, Yunnan Muslim rebels struck the capital and Hengchun committed suicide. On report, Wu Zhenzhang took Yun-Gui, Wang Qingyun Sichuan, and Hengfu Shanxi. On bingzi day, Jiangxi troops retook Longquan. On wuyin day, Xu Naizhao joined Jiangnan command and Zhang Liangji received fifth rank for Yunnan suppression.
102
秋七月乙酉，李孟群奏收復霍山。 己丑，河南官軍收復鄧州。 癸巳，命奕山會集俄使勘定黑龍江兩岸邊界。 甲午，貴州官軍收復錦屏。 湖北官軍攻剿黃梅大勝，總兵王國材力戰陣歿，贈提督，賜恤建祠。 甲辰，命都興阿幫辦官文軍務。
In autumn, month 7, on yiyou day, Li Mengqun reported Huoshan recovered. On jichou day, Henan troops retook Dengzhou. On guisi day, Yishan was told to meet Russian envoys to demarcate both banks of the Amur. On jiawu day, Guizhou troops retook Jinping. At Huangmei Hubei troops won heavily; Wang Guocai died fighting and was posthumously promoted with rites and a temple. On jiachen day, Duxing'a was assigned to help Guanwen.
103
八月己酉朔，日有食之。 壬子，福建官軍收復寧化。 癸丑，江西官軍克復瑞州。 丁丑，法福理奏克復英吉沙爾回城，解漢城圍。 戊寅，官文、胡林翼奏湖北全境肅清。 得旨：「胡林翼親督所部攻克小池口賊城，即乘此聲威規復九江，以振全局。」 先是，林翼密奏欲保鄂省而復金陵，惟有先取九江，次復安慶，始握要領，故明詔從之。
In the eighth month, on the jiyou new moon, there was a solar eclipse. On renzi day, Fujian troops retook Ninghua. On guichou day, Jiangxi troops retook Ruizhou. On dingchou day, Fafuli reported Yingjisha Muslim city recovered and Hancheng relieved. On wuyin day, Guanwen and Hu Linyi reported all Hubei cleared. The throne said Hu Linyi's capture of Xiaochikou should be used to recover Jiujiang and revive the whole front. Earlier Hu Linyi had urged Jiujiang then Anqing to save Hubei and Nanjing, and the edict followed him.
104
九月庚辰，湖南援贛道員王珍卒于軍，贈布政使。 壬午，勝保奏克復正陽關，又奏鳳台生員苗沛霖藉團聚眾。 得旨：「正當示之不疑，藉消反側。」 丙戌，法福理奏收復喀什噶爾回城。 庚寅，湖北賊陷舒城。 河南捻匪陷南陽。 丙申，江西官軍克復東鄉。 丁未，湖南援黔官軍克復黎平。
In the ninth month, on gengchen day, relief commander Wang Zhen died in Jiangxi service and was posthumously made administration commissioner. On renwu day, Sheng Bao reported Zhengyang Pass taken and warned Miao Peilin was rallying men as militia. The court said to trust him and calm unrest. On bingxu day, Fafuli reported Kashgar Muslim city recovered. On gengyin day, rebels took Shucheng in Hubei. Nian bandits took Nanyang in Henan. On bingshen day, Jiangxi troops retook Dongxiang. On dingwei day, Hunan relief troops retook Liping in Guizhou.
105
冬十月戊申朔，官文、胡林翼奏，李續賓等水陸齊進，攻克江西湖口縣城。 勝保、袁甲三奏，總兵硃連泰、史榮椿等攻剿捻匪，平毀韓圩賊巢。 蔣霨遠、佟攀梅奏，剿辦苗匪、教匪，斬擒多名，都勻賊退。 河南官軍敗賊於南召，進剿裕州、泌陽餘匪。 己未，李孟群剿捻匪於獨山，不利，兵潰。 乙丑，湖北援軍李續賓等攻克彭澤。 廣西官軍收復南寧。 戊辰，胡林翼奏漕糧積弊，請改章徵收，以濟軍需，從之。 庚午，河南賊入武勝關，直撲商南，陝西官軍擊走之。 甲戌，以楊載福為福建陸路提督。 以李續賓為浙江布政使。
In winter, month 10, on the wushen new moon, Guanwen and Hu Linyi reported Li Xubin took Jiangxi Hukou by land and water. Sheng Bao and Yuan Jiasan reported Zhu Liantai and Shi Rongchun destroyed Nian nests at Hanwei. Jiang Yunzhi and Tong Panmei reported Miao and sect rebels cut down and Duyun rebels driven back. Henan troops beat rebels at Nanzhao and pursued remnants at Yuzhou and Biyang. On jiwei day, Li Mengqun failed against Nian at Dushan and his force broke. On yichou day, Li Xubin's Hubei relief force took Pengze. Guangxi government troops retook Nanning. On wuchen day, Hu Linyi won assent to reform transport grain levies for the army. On gengwu day, Henan rebels broke through Wusheng Pass toward Shangnan and Shaanxi troops repulsed them. On jiaxu day, Yang Zaifu became Fujian land commander. Li Xubin became Zhejiang administration commissioner.
106
十一月戊寅朔，英桂奏德楞泰敗賊於盧氏，邱聯恩敗賊於淅川。 安徽賊陷和州、霍山。 楊載福克復望江、東流、銅陵。 乙酉，駱秉章奏蔣益澧、江忠濬援剿廣西，連戰獲勝，進圍平樂。 戊子，胡林翼疏薦布衣萬斛泉、宋鼎、鄒金粟等。 甲午，廓爾喀奉表輸誠，頒賞珍物。 丙申，德興阿等奏克復瓜州。 得旨嘉勉，賜雙眼花翎、騎都尉世職。 翁同書以侍郎用，鞠殿華加提督銜。 戊戌，和春奏同張國樑克復鎮江，賜和春雙眼花翎、輕車都尉世職，張國樑騎都尉世職，何桂清太子太保。 庚子，英桂奏敗賊於汝州，豫西肅清。 辛丑，永定河合龍。
In the eleventh month, on the wuyin new moon, Yinggui reported victories at Lushi and Xichuan. Anhui rebels took Hezhou and Huoshan. Yang Zaifu retook Wangjiang, Dongliu, and Tongling. On yiyou day, Luo Bingzhang reported Jiang Yizao and Jiang Zhongjun winning in Guangxi and besieging Pingle. On wuzi day, Hu Linyi recommended commoners Wan Huquan, Song Ding, and Zou Jinshu. On jiawu day, Nepal sent loyal tribute and received imperial gifts. On bingshen day, Dexing'a reported Guazhou recovered. The throne praised them with double peacock feathers and hereditary Chariot Commandant rank. Weng Tonghe joined as vice minister and Ju Dianhua received commander status. On wuxu day, He Chun and Zhang Guoliang retook Zhenjiang; He Chun received double peacock feathers and Light Chariot Commandant succession, Zhang Guoliang Chariot Commandant succession, He Guiqing Grand Guardian. On gengzi day, Yinggui reported victory at Ruzhou and western Henan cleared. On xinchou day, the Yongding River breach was closed.
107
十二月辛亥，耆齡奏曾國荃攻克吉水。 駱秉章、勞崇光會奏官軍攻克平樂。 廣西賊陷慶遠。 丙辰，督辦三省剿匪副都統勝保奏請皖兵悉歸節制。 得旨：「勝保尚屬勇敢，若平其躁氣，斂其驕心，可為有用之材，何庸自行凟请。」 庚申，英人入廣東省城，劫總督葉名琛以去。 詔革名琛職，以黃宗漢為兩廣總督，柏貴署理。 乙亥，李孟群奏粵、捻合股東竄，偪近商、固。 命勝保嚴防之。 丙子，祫祭太廟。
In the twelfth month, on xinhai day, Qiling reported Zeng Guoquan took Jishui. Luo Bingzhang and Lao Chongguang jointly reported Pingle taken. Guangxi rebels took Qingyuan. On bingchen day, Sheng Bao asked that all Anhui troops answer to him. The throne said Sheng Bao could serve if he curbed rash pride and need not petition for command. On gengshen day, the British entered Guangzhou and abducted Governor Ye Mingchen. Ye Mingchen was dismissed; Huang Zonghan became Liang-Guang governor-general with Bo Gui acting. On yihai day, Li Mengqun warned Cantonese and Nian rebels were thrusting east toward Shang and Gu. Sheng Bao was ordered to block them firmly. On bingzi day, the court held seasonal temple rites.
108
是歲，免直隸、江蘇、山東、山西、河南、陝西、湖南、廣西等省二百三十五廳州縣衛，廣西四土縣被災、被賊額賦有差。 朝鮮、琉球入貢。
That year tax was forgiven in 235 units across several provinces and four Guangxi indigenous districts hit by disaster or rebels. Korea and Ryukyu paid tribute.
109
八年戊午春正月己卯，佟攀梅罷，以蔣玉龍為貴州提督。 丙戌，敕王懿德籌備海防。 庚寅，江西官軍收復臨江。
Xianfeng 8, spring, month 1, jimao: Tong Panmei left office and Jiang Yulong became Guizhou commander. On bingxu day, Wang Yide was told to ready coastal defense. On gengyin day, Jiangxi troops retook Linjiang.
110
二月庚午，官軍克復秣陵關，進圍金陵，加和春太子太保，張國樑雙眼花翎，陣亡總兵虎坤元優恤世職。
In month 2, on gengwu day, troops took Moling Pass and besieged Nanjing; He Chun became Grand Guardian, Zhang Guoliang received double peacock feathers, and Hu Kunyuan's heirs were honored.
111
三月丁丑朔，勝保奏剿賊獲勝，固始解圍。 得旨嘉獎。 戊寅，俄船至天津。 敕譚廷襄防堵。 癸未，江北官軍克復江浦，道員溫紹原復官。 庚寅，福濟奏收復和州。 貴州賊陷都勻，前提督佟攀梅死之。
In month 3, on the dingchou new moon, Sheng Bao reported wins and Gushi relieved. The court praised and rewarded him. On wuyin day, Russian ships reached Tianjin. Tan Tingxiang was ordered to stop them. On guiwei day, northern Jiang troops retook Jiangpu and Wen Shaoyuan was restored. On gengyin day, Fu Ji reported Hezhou recovered. Guizhou rebels took Duyun and ex-commander Tong Panmei was killed.
112
夏四月丙午朔，譚廷襄奏俄人不守興安舊約，請以烏蘇里河、綏芬河為界，使臣仍請進京。 得旨：「分界已派大員會勘，使臣非時不得入京，駁之。」 丁未，江西賊竄入福建，陷政和、松谿。 戊申，俄人請由陸路往來，英人、法人請隔數年進京一次，詔不許。 勝保奏捻首李兆受乞降，許之。 己酉，安徽賊陷麻城，另股陷蒙、亳、懷、宿，詔袁甲三剿之。 詔許俄之通商，不許進京。 庚戌，賊陷和州。 雲南大理回匪陷順寧。 戊申，詔譚廷襄告知英人、法人，減稅增市，俟之粵事結日，彼時再議來京。 庚戌，江西賊陷常山、開化，命總兵周天受加提督銜，專辦浙防，道員饒廷選防守衢州。 辛亥，譚廷襄呈進美國國書，詔許減稅率、增口岸，仍不許入京。 乙卯，英、法兵船入大沽，官軍退守。 命僧格林沁備兵通州。 戊午，江西官軍復雩都、樂安、崇化、宜黃。 辛酉，英、法船抵津關。 命大學士桂良、尚書花沙納往辦夷務。 江西賊竄浙江，陷處州及永康。 壬戌，湖北官軍克復九江，加官文、胡林翼太子少保，李續賓加巡撫銜。 乙丑，英、法兵退三汊河，與俄、美來文，請求議事大臣須有全權便宜行事，始可開議。 桂良等以聞，詔許便宜行事。 丙寅，命僧格林沁佩帶欽差大臣關防，辦理防務。 戊辰，勝保奏克復六安。 乙巳，敕各省軍營挑練馬隊。 庚午，命和春兼辦浙江軍務。 英船開出大沽。 桂良等奏英人之約於鎮江、漢口通商，長江行輪，擇地設立領事，國使駐京。 上久而許之。
In summer, month 4, on the bingwu new moon, Tan Tingxiang said Russia ignored Xing'an, sought Ussuri and Suifen boundaries, and envoys still wanted Beijing. The throne said demarcation was under appointed commissioners and off-season envoys must be refused. On dingwei day, Jiangxi rebels entered Fujian and took Zhenghe and Songxi. On wushen day, Russia asked inland passage and Britain and France periodic Beijing entry; all were denied. Sheng Bao reported Li Zhaoshou's surrender and it was accepted. On jiyou day, Anhui rebels took Macheng and other points; Yuan Jiasan was sent against them. Trade with Russia was allowed but not embassy entry to Beijing. On gengxu day, rebels retook Hezhou. Yunnan Dali Muslims took Shunning. On wushen day, Tan Tingxiang was told to offer Britain and France lower duties and more ports after Guangdong affairs ended. On gengxu day, Jiangxi rebels took Changshan and Kaihua; Zhou Tianshou received commander status for Zhejiang and Rao Tingxuan held Quzhou. On xinhai day, Tan Tingxiang presented US credentials; reduced duties and more ports were allowed but not Beijing entry. On yimao day, Anglo-French warships entered the Dagu forts and Qing forces fell back. Sengge Rinchen was told to ready forces at Tongzhou. On wuwu day, Jiangxi forces retook Yudu, Le'an, Chonghua, and Yihuang. On xinyou day, Anglo-French vessels arrived at the Tientsin barrier. Guiliang and Huashana were sent to manage foreign affairs. Jiangxi rebels crossed into Zhejiang and captured Chuzhou and Yongkang. On renxu day, Hubei forces retook Jiujiang; Guanwen and Hu Linyi became Junior Guardians of the Heir Apparent, and Li Xubin received acting governor rank. On yichou day, Anglo-French forces pulled back to San Cha He; Russian and American letters insisted plenipotentiaries with full discretion were needed before negotiations could begin. Guiliang reported in and the court authorized discretionary powers. On bingyin day, Sengge Rinchen was given the Imperial Commissioner seal to manage coastal defense. On wuchen day, Sengbao reported the recapture of Lu'an. On yisi day, every provincial camp was told to pick and drill mounted units. On gengwu day, He Chun was also put in charge of Zhejiang operations. British vessels left Dagu. Guiliang reported English terms for Zhenjiang and Hankou trade, Yangtze steamers, consular posts, and ministers resident in Beijing. The Emperor finally approved.
113
五月丙子，皖匪陷湖北黃安。 桂良、花沙納奏，英使堅偪立約，不見耆英。 耆英請回京，詔止之。 戊寅，捻匪陷懷遠。 己卯，奕山奏請黑龍江左岸曠地割畀俄人。 甲申，桂良等奏俄允代轉圜，先允俄人陸行。 丁亥，命廷臣集議和戰二者，兩害取其輕。 戊子，桂良等奏英人謂我徒事遷延，即棄和言戰。 大學士裕誠卒，上親臨賜奠。 庚寅，桂良等奏進英、法訂約五十一款，並請先訂俄、美條約。 壬辰，湖北官軍復黃安、麻城。 福建官軍復光澤。 廣東官軍復廣西梧州。 敕耆齡檄調蕭啟江、張運蘭、王開化各軍由祁門進援浙江。 癸巳，耆英擅回京，賜自盡。 太傅杜堮卒，上親臨賜奠。 乙未，命曾國籓辦理浙江軍務。 丁酉，桂良、花沙納奏進俄、美、英、法四國條約。 得旨：「既巳蓋用關防，今復硃批依議，宜示四國照此辦理。 至通商稅則，在上海議之。」 庚子，江北官軍克復江浦、來安。 甲辰，夷船全數退出內河。 命吏部侍郎匡源、內閣學士文祥在軍機大臣上行走。
In the fifth month, on bingzi day, Anhui rebels seized Huang'an in Hubei. Guiliang and Huashana reported the English minister insisting on a treaty and refusing to meet Qiying. Qiying asked to go back to Beijing and was ordered to stay. On wuyin day, Nian rebels captured Huaiyuan. On jimao day, Yishan asked to cede vacant Heilongjiang left-bank lands to Russia. On jiashen day, Guiliang reported Russian mediation and prior approval of Russian overland travel. On dinghai day, ministers were told to weigh peace against war and take the lesser evil. On wuzi day, Guiliang reported the English warning that delay meant abandoning talks for war. Grand Secretary Yucheng died and the Emperor attended the funeral rites in person. On gengyin day, Guiliang submitted the fifty-one-clause Anglo-French treaty and urged Russian and American treaties first. On renchen day, Hubei forces retook Huang'an and Macheng. Fujian forces recaptured Guangze. Guangdong forces retook Wuzhou in Guangxi. Qiling was told to move Xiao Qijiang, Zhang Yunlan, and Wang Kaihua from Qimen to reinforce Zhejiang. On guisi day, Qiying left his post for Beijing without leave and was ordered to take his own life. Grand Tutor Du Kun died and the Emperor attended the funeral rites in person. On yiwei day, Zeng Guofan was put in charge of Zhejiang operations. On dingyou day, Guiliang and Huashana submitted the Russian, American, English, and French treaties. The rescript read: "Seals are already applied; the vermillion endorsement now approves as discussed; inform all four powers to act accordingly. Commercial tariffs will be negotiated at Shanghai." On gengzi day, Jiangbei forces retook Jiangpu and Lai'an. On jiachen day, every foreign vessel left the inland waterways. Kuang Yuan and Wen Xiang were added to the Grand Council.
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六月己酉，命桂良、花沙納、侍郎基溥、武備院卿明善前往江蘇會議通商稅則。 江西官軍復新城、金谿。 癸丑，福建匪陷建寧。 福興罷，以周天受統其軍赴援福建。 召桑春榮來京，以張亮基為雲南巡撫。 甲寅，廣西軍復象州。 丁巳，浙江賊陷壽昌，官軍尋復之。 福濟以不職，奪宮銜，解任。 以翁同書為安徽巡撫。 庚申，論天津失事狀，譚廷襄解任，提督張殿元遣戍。 以慶祺為直隸總督，玉明為盛京將軍。 丁卯，福建道員趙印川剿匪，死之。 浙江官軍復常山、開化。 江西援軍復浙江武義、永康、衢州，紹興城圍解嚴。 瑞麟請籌款修築天津營壘砲台，下僧格林沁辦理。 辛未，俄人請停辦驛站羊只，詔庫倫大臣援舊事拒之。 壬申，賞刑部員外郎段承實五品卿銜，幫辦會議稅則。 曾國籓奏由九江登陸赴浙，詔嘉勉之。 浙江軍復縉雲。
In the sixth month, on jiyou day, Guiliang, Huashana, Jipu, and Mingshan were sent to Jiangsu to negotiate trade tariffs. Jiangxi forces retook Xincheng and Jinxi. On guichou day, Fujian rebels seized Jianning. Fuxing was removed and Zhou Tianshou took his troops to aid Fujian. Sang Chunrong was called to Beijing and Zhang Liangji became Yunnan governor. On jiayin day, Guangxi forces retook Xiangzhou. On dingsi day, Zhejiang rebels captured Shouchang but government forces soon took it back. Fu Ji lost his rank and office for neglect of duty. Weng Tongshu became Anhui governor. On gengshen day, the Tianjin debacle was reviewed; Tan Tingxiang was dismissed and Zhang Dianyuan banished. Qing Qi took Zhili and Yu Ming became Mukden general. On dingmao day, Fujian intendant Zhao Yinchuan died fighting bandits. Zhejiang forces retook Changshan and Kaihua. Jiangxi reinforcements retook Wuyi, Yongkang, and Quzhou and eased the Shaoxing siege. Ruilin asked for money to fortify Tianjin and the task went to Sengge Rinchen. On xinwei day, Russia sought an end to relay-station sheep dues and Kuren was told to refuse on precedent. On renshen day, Duan Chengshi of the Ministry of Punishments received fifth-rank rank to help negotiate tariffs. Zeng Guofan reported marching inland from Jiujiang toward Zhejiang and was praised by edict. Zhejiang forces retook Jinyun.
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秋七月甲戌朔，奕山、景淳奏俄人闖越黑河口，欲入松花江，於烏蘇里建屋安砲。 詔勘明吉、黑地界，據理拒絕。 乙亥，以李孟群署安徽巡撫。 丁丑，從法福理請，升喀什噶爾領隊大臣為辦事大臣。 周天受攻復浙江處州，移軍福建。 癸未，詔曾國籓衢、嚴肅清，改援福建。 乙酉，楊載福收復安徽建德。 癸巳，湖北巡撫胡林翼丁母憂，詔在任守制，給假、給銀治喪。 丙申，賊陷廬州，李孟群奪職留軍，以勝保為欽差大臣，督辦安徽軍務，袁甲三援剿三省捻匪。 丁酉，福建軍復建陽、光澤，賊陷寧化。 庚子，召晏端書來京，以胡興仁為浙江巡撫。 壬寅，張芾軍復龍泉，賜花翎。
In autumn, month 7, jiaxu new moon, Yishan and Jingchun reported Russians crossing the Hei estuary toward the Songhua and building fortified posts on the Ussuri. The court ordered Jilin and Heilongjiang boundaries surveyed and a justified refusal. On yihai day, Li Mengqun became acting Anhui governor. On dingchou day, Kashgar's commandant was raised to commissioner at French envoy Favier's request. Zhou Tianshou retook Zhejiang's Chuzhou and shifted his army to Fujian. On guiwei day, Zeng Guofan was told to secure Qu and Yan and redirect aid to Fujian. On yiyou day, Yang Zaifu retook Jiande in Anhui. On guisi day, Hu Linyi of Hubei began mourning for his mother; the court let him stay in post with leave and funeral funds. On bingshen day, rebels seized Luzhou; Li Mengqun was demoted but kept in the field; Sengbao became Imperial Commissioner for Anhui; Yuan Jiasan helped fight Nian rebels in three provinces. On dingyou day, Fujian retook Jianyang and Guangze while rebels took Ninghua. On gengzi day, Yan Duanshu was called to Beijing and Hu Xingren became Zhejiang governor. On renyin day, Zhang Fu retook Longquan and received the peacock feather.
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八月癸卯朔，復設天津水師。 甲辰，福建軍復政和、松谿。 勝保奏發逆偽英王陳玉成竄店埠、梁園，直撲定遠。 庚戌，李定太剿賊玉山，勝之，解其圍。 辛亥，蔣益澧援軍復廣西慶遠，擢按察使。 丙辰，周天受援福建，克復浦城，進克寧化。 捻匪陷豐縣。 辛酉，捻匪竄山東，陷單縣。 調英桂為山西巡撫，恆福為河南巡撫。 乙丑，官軍復豐縣。 捻匪陷曹縣，尋復之。 何桂清請以海關盈餘用充軍饟，允之。 壬申，江北軍在浦口失利，奪德興阿、鞠殿華職。 和春奏：「浦口失利，已飛調援浙之師徑赴六合。 探聞閩省回竄之賊，將由寧、太以援金陵，明系城賊圍急，令其部眾到處竄擾，以分我兵力。 請飭各路自行援剿，勿致掣動全局。」 上是之。
In the eighth month, on guimao new moon, the Tianjin fleet was restored. On jiachen day, Fujian retook Zhenghe and Songxi. Sengbao reported the rebel King of Ying Chen Yucheng at Dianbu and Liangyuan striking toward Dingyuan. On gengxu day, Li Dingtai beat rebels at Yushan and raised the siege. On xinhai day, Jiang Yili's reinforcements retook Qingyuan in Guangxi and he became surveillance commissioner. On bingchen day, Zhou Tianshou aided Fujian, took Pucheng, and then Ninghua. Nian rebels captured Feng county. On xinyou day, Nian rebels crossed into Shandong and seized Shan county. Ying Gui went to Shanxi and Hengfu to Henan as governors. On yichou day, government forces retook Feng county. Nian rebels seized Cao county but it was quickly retaken. He Guiqing asked to fund the army from customs surpluses and was allowed. On renshen day, Jiangbei troops lost at Pukou and De Xing'a and Ju Dianhua were dismissed. He Chun reported: "After Pukou fell, forces bound for Zhejiang were diverted straight to Liuhe. Intelligence says Fujian rebels returning through Ning and Tai will relieve Jinling; the trapped garrison is clearly raiding widely to split our armies. I ask each front to fight locally and not pull apart the whole plan." The court agreed.
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九月癸酉朔，湖北官軍多隆阿克復太湖。 乙亥，詔以「天長、儀徵相繼失陷，六合危急，溫紹原雖素得民心，日久亦恐難支。 即調周天培一軍分援六合、德安，一軍前往援應。」 辛巳，官文、胡林翼奏李續賓、都興阿分路克復桐城、潛山，多隆阿進攻石牌，鮑超力攻雷公埠，均屬得手。 詔令聯絡水師進規安慶。 湖南官軍克復吉安，予同知曾國荃等升敘有差。 壬午，明誼奏俄案議結，互換文憑，開辦通商。 賊陷揚州，奪德興阿世職。 命柏葰、翁心存為大學士，官文、周祖培協辦大學士。 調瑞麟為戶部尚書，肅順為禮部尚書，硃鳳標為戶部尚書，陳孚恩為兵部尚書，瑞常為理籓院尚書，綿森為左都御史。 敕總兵毛三元、成明幫辦德興阿軍務。 甲午，張國樑攻克揚州，續復儀徵。 慶端奏攻克邵武，閩省肅清。 戊戌，荊州將軍綿洵卒，調都興阿為荊州將軍，和春為江寧將軍，張國樑為江南提督。 己亥，賊陷六合，知縣溫紹原死之。 紹原孤守危城，數年百餘戰，力竭而陷。 上悼惜之，贈布政使，優恤，建祠予諡。
In the ninth month, on guiyou new moon, Duolong'a's Hubei forces retook Taihu. On yihai day, an edict warned: "Tianchang and Yizheng have fallen; Liuhe is desperate; Wen Shaoyuan is popular but may not last. Split Zhou Tianpei's force between Liuhe and De'an and send another corps to reinforce." On xinsi day, Guanwen and Hu Linyi reported Li Xubin and Du Xing'a retook Tongcheng and Qianshan, Duolong'a took Shipai, and Bao Chao stormed Leigongbu—all successfully. The court ordered the fleet linked for an advance on Anqing. Hunan forces retook Ji'an and Zeng Guoquan and others were rewarded with promotions. On renwu day, Ming Yi reported the Russian settlement done, documents exchanged, and trade begun. Rebels captured Yangzhou and De Xing'a lost his hereditary title. Bo Xia and Weng Xincun became Grand Secretaries with Guanwen and Zhou Zupei as assistants. Ruilin took Revenue, Su Shun Rites, Zhu Fengbiao Revenue, Chen Fuen War, Ruichang Colonial Affairs, and Miansen Left Censor-in-Chief. Mao Sanyuan and Cheng Ming were told to help De Xing'a command. On jiawu day, Zhang Guoliang took Yangzhou and then Yizheng. Qing Duan reported Shaowu taken and Fujian pacified. On wuxu day, Mianxun of Jingzhou died; Du Xing'a became Jingzhou general, He Chun Jiangning general, and Zhang Guoliang Jiangnan commander-in-chief. On jihai day, rebels seized Liuhe and Magistrate Wen Shaoyuan was killed. Wen Shaoyuan alone held Liuhe through peril, fought a hundred-odd battles over years, and fell when spent. The Emperor mourned him, posthumously made him administrative commissioner, granted generous relief, and built a temple with posthumous honors.
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冬十月癸卯朔，浙江寧海土匪滋事，提督阿麟保剿平之。 乙巳，勝保奏克復天長，李兆受在事出力。 得旨：「李兆受賜名李世忠，予三品銜、花翎，以參將補用。」 己酉，御史孟傳金奏劾舉人平齡硃墨不符，派載垣、端華認真查辦。 丁巳，僧格林沁奏天津砲台工竣。 上嘉之，賜御服。 己未，江南官軍復溧水。 壬戌，命李續賓幫同勝保辦理安徽軍務。 戊辰，詔本年鄉試主考、同考官荒謬已極，覆試應議之卷，竟有五十本之多，正考官柏葰先革職，副考官硃鳳標、程庭桂暫行解任，聽候查辦。 命庄親王奕仁在御前大臣上學習行走。
In winter, month 10, guimao new moon, Ninghai bandits were pacified by Admiral Alinbao. On yisi day, Sheng Bao reported Tianchang retaken and praised Li Zhaoshou's service. The court ruled Li Zhaoshou would be named Li Shizhong, given third rank and peacock feather, and made colonel. On jiyou, Meng Chuanjin impeached Ping Ling for exam ink fraud; Zaiyuan and Duhua were ordered to investigate. On dingsi day, Sengge Rinchen reported Tianjin forts finished. The Emperor praised him and gave imperial dress. On jiwei day, Jiangnan forces retook Lishui. On renxu day, Li Xubin was assigned to help Sheng Bao with Anhui affairs. On wuchen, the court denounced the provincial examiners' absurdity—fifty failed papers had passed re-check; Baozhan was dismissed and Zhu Fengbiao and Cheng Tinggui suspended pending inquiry. Prince Zhuang Yiren was assigned to train among imperial presence grand ministers.
119
十一月壬申朔，移吉林馬隊益袁甲三軍。 乙亥，袁甲三請于山東東三府抽釐助饟，許之。 己卯，徐澤醇卒，以硃嶟為禮部尚書，張祥河為左都御史。 乙酉，援閩、浙軍復浦城、順昌，予周天培提督銜。 丙戌，恆福奏官軍剿捻大勝，豫境肅清，總兵傅振邦擢提督，編修袁保恆賜巴圖魯勇號。 丁酉，內閣副本庫被盜。 己亥，吳振棫以病免，以張亮基為雲貴總督，徐之銘為雲南巡撫。 庚子，予陣亡提督鄧紹良優恤建祠。
In month 11, renshen new moon, Jilin horse troops reinforced Yuan Jiasan. On yihai day, Yuan Jiasan won levy rights in eastern Shandong to fund the army. On jimao day, Xu Zechun died; Zhu Yun took rites and Zhang Xianghe the left censorate. On yiyou day, Fujian-Zhejiang relief forces retook Pucheng and Shunchang; Zhou Tianpei gained grand commander rank. On bingxu day, Hengfu reported Henan cleared of Nian rebels; Fu Zhenbang became grand commander and Yuan Baoheng gained a Batulu title. On dingyou day, the Grand Secretariat duplicate vault was burgled. On jihai day, ill Wu Zhendong yielded to Zhang Liangji as Yunnan-Guizhou governor and Xu Zhiming as Yunnan governor. On gengzi day, fallen Admiral Deng Shaoliang was mourned with relief and a temple.
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十二月丁未，以宋丞相陸秀夫從祀文廟。 庚辰，提督李朝斌收復安徽東流、建德，賜巴圖魯勇號。 永州鎮總兵樊燮以乘肩輿劾免。 丙辰，以鄭魁士為浙江提督，督辦寧國軍務。 己未，李續賓進剿安徽，敗績於三河集，死之，贈總督，建祠予諡。 同知曾國華贈道員，予諡。 丁卯，以何桂清為欽差大臣，辦理通商事宜。 趙德轍免，以徐有壬為江蘇巡撫。 庚午，以瑞麟為大學士，調肅順為戶部尚書，麟魁為禮部尚書，瑞常為刑部尚書。 祫祭太廟。
In month 12, dingwei, Lu Xiufu joined Confucian temple sacrifice. On gengchen day, Li Chaobin retook Dongliu and Jiande and gained a Batulu title. Fan Xie lost his Yongzhou command for using a sedan chair. On bingchen day, Zheng Kuishi became Zhejiang commander to handle Ningguo affairs. On jiwei day, Li Xubin died in defeat at Sanheji; he was posthumously made governor-general with temple honors. Zeng Guohua was posthumously made circuit intendant and titled. On dingmao day, He Guiqing became Imperial Commissioner for trade. Zhao Dezhe left office; Xu Youren took Jiangsu. On gengwu day, Ruilin entered the grand secretariat; Suishun, Lin Kui, and Ruichang took revenue, rites, and punishments. Autumn joint sacrifice was held at the Imperial Ancestral Temple.
121
是歲，免直隸、安徽、福建、湖北、貴州等省九十二廳州縣被災、被賊額賦，又免江蘇六場鹽課各有差。 朝鮮、琉球入貢。
That year, taxes were forgiven in ninety-two disaster- or bandit-struck districts and Jiangsu salt dues partly remitted. Korea and Ryukyu paid tribute.
122
九年己未春正月壬申朔，桂良等奏英人藉口廣東有事，罷議回粵。 乙亥，召袁甲三來京，以傅振邦督剿三省捻匪，伊興阿副之。 壬午，江西官軍復瑞金，解安遠圍，別賊陷南安。 桂良等奏和約四事。 敕俟英使回滬妥議。 庚寅，福建匪周灴爔等降，遂復連城。 乙未，安徽官軍復建德。 丁酉，敕湖北採買馬匹訓練馬隊。 戊戌，桂良等奏英使堅欲進京。 敕僧格林沁嚴防海口。 辛丑，都興阿請假，以多隆阿接統其軍。 詔海運漕船探避夷輪。
In year 9, spring, renshen new moon, Gui Liang reported the English quit talks citing Guangdong troubles. On yihai day, Yuan Jiasan was recalled; Fu Zhenbang commanded three provinces' Nian campaigns with Yixing'a assisting. On renwu day, Jiangxi forces retook Ruijin and relieved Anyuan while Nan'an fell elsewhere. Gui Liang reported four treaty points. The court ordered talks to await the envoy's return to Shanghai. On gengyin day, Zhou Huangxi and other Fujian rebels submitted and Liancheng was retaken. On yiwei day, Anhui forces retook Jiande. On dingyou day, Hubei was told to buy horses and train cavalry. On wuxu day, Gui Liang reported the English envoy demanded entry to Beijing. The court ordered Sengge Rinchen to hold the coastal forts. On xinchou day, Duxing'a went on leave and Duolong'a took his command. The court told grain ships to watch for and avoid foreign steamers.
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二月丁未，捻匪薛之元舉江浦降，會李世忠攻克浦口，賜名薛成良，予花翎、三品銜，擢李世忠副將。 癸丑，築奉天沿海砲台。 鄭魁士攻克灣沚、黃池賊壘。 甲寅，上召廷臣宣示戊午科場舞弊罪狀，依載垣、端華所擬，主考官大學士柏葰坐家人掉換中卷批條，處斬。 同考官浦安坐聽從李鶴齡賄屬，羅鴻繹行賄得中，均處斬。 乙卯，張芾奏官軍攻克婺源，賊目張淙相等乞降。 丁巳，翁同書奏賊陷六安。 慶祺卒，以恆福為直隸總督，瑛棨為河南巡撫。 癸亥，張國樑奏攻克揚州、儀徵，回軍連克溧水。 特詔嘉獎，予輕車都尉世職，李若珠賜黃馬褂。 乙丑，曾國籓奏軍抵南康，蕭啟江克復南安。 得旨嘉獎，予蕭啟江巴圖魯勇號。 詔編修李鴻章交伊興阿差委。
In month 2, dingwei, Xue Zhiyuan surrendered at Jiangpu; with Pukou taken, he became Xue Chengliang with third rank and peacock feather, and Li Shizhong was made deputy commander. On guichou day, Fengtian coastal batteries were built. Zheng Kuishi took rebel forts at Wanzhi and Huangchi. On jiayin day, the Emperor announced the wuwu exam scandal; Baozhan was beheaded for servants swapping papers per Zaiyuan and Duhua's finding. Pu An was beheaded for taking Li Heling's bribes and Luo Hongyi for buying his pass. On yimao day, Zhang Fei reported Wuyuan taken and Zhang Congxiang and other leaders sought surrender. On dingsi day, Weng Tongshu reported Lu'an fallen. Qingqi died; Hengfu became Zhili governor-general and Yingqi Henan governor. On guihai day, Zhang Guoliang took Yangzhou and Yizheng and retook Lishui on the march back. Special praise granted Zhang Guoliang hereditary commandant rank; Li Ruozhu received a yellow jacket. On yichou day, Zeng Guofan reached Nankang and Xiao Qijiang retook Nan'an. The court praised them and gave Xiao Qijiang a Batulu title. Li Hongzhang was assigned to Yixing'a's staff.
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三月辛未朔，前布政使李孟群兵潰於官亭，死之，復官予恤。 甲戌，奕山、景淳奏俄人徑至烏蘇里江、綏芬河擇地建屋，並請會勘，詔不許。 丙子，捻匪犯河南西華、舞陰，前總兵邱聯恩死之，贈提督，予恤。 丁丑，桂良等奏英使兵船北上，阻止不聽。 己卯，四川里塘頭人作亂，恩慶討平之，誅其夷目鄧珠。 甲申，上祈雨。 庚寅，以旱求言。 辛卯，李鈞卒，以黃贊湯為東河河道總督。 乙未，俄人在黑龍江通商，許免徵稅，不許闌入烏蘇里、綏芬。
In month 3, xinwei new moon, Li Mengqun was killed when routed at Guanting; his rank was posthumously restored. On jiaxu day, Yishan reported Russians building on the Ussuri and Suifen; joint survey was refused. On bingzi day, Nian rebels struck Henan; Qiu Lian'en was killed and posthumously made grand commander. On dingchou day, Gui Liang reported English ships heading north despite orders to halt. On jimao day, Litang headmen rebelled; En Qing crushed them and killed Deng Zhu. On jiashen day, the Emperor prayed for rain. On gengyin day, drought prompted a call for counsel. On xinmao day, Li Jun died; Huang Zantang took the Eastern Canal post. On yiwei day, Russians traded tax-free on the Amur but could not enter the Ussuri or Suifen.
125
夏四月辛丑朔，勝保奏克復六安。 伊興阿解幫辦，以關保幫辦傅振邦軍務。 壬寅，調王慶雲為兩廣總督，黃宗漢為四川總督。 江西賊竄湖南郴州、桂陽，劉長佑擊走之。 癸卯，勝保奏捻匪張元龍降，收復鳳陽府縣，並復臨淮關。 築寧河砲台。 戊申，浙江餘姚土匪作亂，討平之。 甲寅，俄使賽善由察哈爾陸路入京，請助槍砲，致於恰克圖。 丙辰，上再祈雨。 己未，邵燦病免，以袁甲三署漕運總督。 調勞崇光為廣東巡撫，兼署總督。 賊陷天長，前提督德安死之，復官予恤。 辛酉，奕山奏俄船由黑龍江入松花江東駛入海。 得旨，不許入綏芬，令特普欽派員阻之。 壬戌，王懿德免，以慶端為閩浙總督，羅遵殿為福建巡撫。 癸亥，雨。 乙丑，賜孫家鼐等一百八十人進士及第出身有差。 戊辰，廣東官軍復嘉應，竄賊擾連平，陷樂昌。
In summer, month 4, xinchou new moon, Sheng Bao reported Lu'an retaken. Yixing'a left the staff; Guanbao joined Fu Zhenbang's command. On renyin day, Wang Qingyun took Liangguang and Huang Zonghan Sichuan. Jiangxi rebels entered Hunan; Liu Changyou repulsed them. On guimao day, Sheng Bao reported Zhang Yuanlong's surrender and Fengyang and Linhuai retaken. Ninghe batteries were constructed. On wushen day, Yuyao bandits were pacified. On jiayin day, Russia's Saishan reached Beijing overland and obtained arms sent via Kyakhta. On bingchen day, the Emperor prayed for rain again. On jiwei day, ill Shao Can was replaced by Yuan Jiasan acting as canal transport governor-general. Luo Chongguang became Guangdong governor and acting governor-general. Tianchang fell; former Admiral De'an was killed and posthumously honored. On xinyou day, Yishan reported Russian ships entering the Songhua from the Amur bound for sea. The court forbade Suifen entry and told Te Puqin to block the ships. On renxu day, Wang Yide left office; Qingduan took Fujian-Zhejiang and Luo Zundian Fujian. On guihai day, rain fell. On yichou day, Sun Jianai and 180 others received jinshi ranks. On wuchen day, Guangdong retook Jiaying; fleeing rebels took Lechang after raiding Lianping.
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五月丙子，詔駱秉章仍令田興恕回援貴州，兆琛一軍撤回。 己卯，敕奕山更正俄人條約。 辛巳，敕慶昀密查張家口、白城居住俄人。 壬午，以周天受督辦寧國軍務。 甲申，俄人請赴三姓貿易。 詔責奕山辦理輭弱，革副都統吉拉明阿職，枷號烏蘇里地方。 庚寅，官文奏探聞石達開將犯四川，詔曾國籓移軍夔州。 辛卯，桂良、花沙納奏英酋於本月十三日起碇入京，桂良等即日馳驛回京。 大學士翁心存乞休，允之。 復以賈楨為大學士。 調許乃普為吏部尚書，張祥河為工部尚書，沈兆霖為左都御史。 癸巳，駱秉章奏石達開竄湖南，劉長佑、江忠義、田興恕諸軍擊走之。 丙申，僧格林沁奏英船鳴砲闖入大沽，我軍開砲轟擊，擊沈多船，並有步隊上岸搦戰，我軍徑前奮擊，擊斃數百名，其兵頭赫姓並被砲傷。 我軍亦傷亡提督史榮椿、副將龍汝元等。 夷船即時出口。 得旨：「將弁齊心協力，異常奮勇，先獎賞銀五千兩，並查明保奏。」 戊戌，詔夷人雖經懲創，仍宜設法撫馭，即派恆福專辦撫局，僧格林沁仍辦防務。
In month 5, bingzi, Luo Bingzhang was told to send Tian Xingyu to Guizhou and pull back Zhao Chen's force. On jimao day, Yishan was told to revise the Russian treaty. On xinsi day, Qingyun was told to investigate Russians at Zhangjiakou and Baicheng. On renwu day, Zhou Tianshou took over Ningguo operations. On jiashen day, Russians asked to trade at Sanxing. The court scolded Yishan's weakness, dismissed Jilaming'a, and cangued him on the Ussuri. On gengyin day, Guan Wen reported Shi Dakai bound for Sichuan; Zeng Guofan was sent to Kuizhou. On xinmao day, Gui Liang reported the English would sail for Beijing on the 13th and raced back by post. Weng Xincun retired from the grand secretariat. Jia Zhen rejoined the grand secretariat. Xu Naipu took personnel, Zhang Xianghe works, and Shen Zhaolin the left censorate. On guisi day, Luo Bingzhang reported Shi Dakai in Hunan driven off by Liu Changyou and others. On bingshen day, Sengge Rinchen reported English ships forced Dagu; Qing guns sank many and killed hundreds, wounding their leader He. Qing losses included Admiral Shi Rongchun and Deputy Commander Long Ruyuan. The foreign ships withdrew at once. The court granted five thousand taels for exceptional valor and ordered commendations after review. On wuxu day, the court ordered continued pacification of the barbarians: Hengfu took the pacification portfolio and Sengge Rinchen kept defense.
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六月己亥朔，賜僧格林沁御用珍服。 庚子，捻匪陷盱眙，官軍尋復之。 壬寅，特普欽奏俄人在三姓者，倔強不肯折回。 命景淳前往查辦。 癸卯，廣西官軍復上林，匪陷賓州。 甲辰，張亮基奏回匪馬凌漢伏誅。 丙午，恆福奏美人進京換約，許之。 癸巳，英、法兵船全數開行。 庚申，以李若珠為福建陸路提督。 辛酉，何桂清奏英、法陸續回滬。 乙丑，陳玉成陷定遠。 丙寅，和春奏水師剿賊獲勝。
In the sixth month, on the new moon jihai, Sengge Rinchen received imperial robes. On gengzi day, Nian rebels seized Xuyi and the army soon retook it. On renyin day, Tepuqin reported Russians at Sanxing would not withdraw. Jingchun was sent to investigate. On guimao day, Guangxi troops retook Shanglin while bandits seized Binzhou. On jiachen day, Zhang Liangji reported the execution of Hui rebel Ma Linghan. On bingwu day, Hengfu won assent for Americans to come to Beijing to exchange treaties. On guisi day, the English and French fleets departed. On gengshen day, Li Ruozhu became Fujian land-route commander. On xinyou day, He Guiqing reported the English and French were returning to Shanghai. On yichou day, Chen Yucheng seized Dingyuan. On bingyin day, He Chun reported a naval victory over bandits.
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秋七月庚午，曾國籓奏克景德鎮，復浮梁。 戊寅，勝保奏翁同書潰敗情形。 得旨：「汝為統帥，只知炫己之長，不原援人之失。 日日聚訟，庸何濟乎！」 己卯，美使華若翰遞國書，和約用寶，在北塘交換。 庚辰，詔曰：「朕聞勝保專以招降為能事，降眾未盡薙髮，張元漋且四外打糧。 又報克復盱眙，該縣並無城池，賊因無糧退出，虛報邀功。 此次姑不深究。 即約束反側，力改前非。 凜之！」 癸未，御史趙元模奏黃河北流，涸出濱河田畝三四千頃，請辦屯田，寓兵於農，較勝團練。 上是之，下袁甲三、庚長議奏。 乙酉，詔曰：「王大臣續陳審明科場舞弊之大員父子，及遞送關節之職員，分別定擬。 此案程炳采於伊父程庭桂入闈後，接收關節，令家人轉遞場內，程庭桂並不舉發。 程炳采處斬，程庭桂免死，遣戍軍台。 謝森墀、潘祖同、潘敦儼等俱免死，發遣新疆。」 己丑，駱秉章奏石達開圍寶慶，李續宜援之，立解城圍。 癸巳，命李若珠幫辦江南軍務。
In the seventh autumn month, on gengwu day, Zeng Guofan reported the capture of Jingdezhen and recovery of Fuliang. On wuyin day, Sheng Bao reported Weng Tonghe's defeat. The court said: "As supreme commander you boast of yourself and blame allies for every setback. Daily quarrels accomplish nothing!" On jimao day, Minister Ward exchanged credentials and the sealed treaty at Beitang. On gengchen day, the Emperor rebuked Sheng Bao for boasting of surrenders while rebels went unshorn and Zhang Yuanchong foraged widely. He also falsely claimed Xuyi, which has no walls, after bandits left for lack of food. On this occasion the court will not press the matter further. He must restrain the unreliable and thoroughly mend his ways. Be warned!" On guiwei day, Censor Zhao Yuanmo urged military farming on fields exposed by the Yellow River's northward shift. The court approved and ordered Yuan Jiasan and Gengchang to report. On yiyou day, an edict fixed penalties in the examination-bribery case for great officials, their sons, and signal-carriers. Cheng Bingcai relayed examination signals for his father Cheng Tinggui, who failed to report it. Cheng Bingcai was executed; Cheng Tinggui was spared and exiled to the military colonies. Xie Senchi, Pan Zutong, Pan Dunyi, and others were spared death and exiled to Xinjiang. On jichou day, Luo Bingzhang reported Li Xuyi had raised Shi Dakai's siege of Baoxing. On guisi day, Li Ruozhu was assigned to assist Jiangnan operations.
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八月戊戌朔，崇恩罷，以文煜為山東巡撫。 己亥，上御經筵。 乙巳，敕恆祺留辦廣東通商。 勝保奏李世忠剿賊獲勝，解定遠、滁州圍。 詔擢李世忠總兵。 廣東官軍復連山、開建。 庚戌，命曾國籓駐軍湖口。 命都興阿蒞江寧將軍視事，多隆阿接統所部，總理前敵事務。 甲寅，景淳奏俄人船在三姓者，現令折回。 在烏蘇里者，未肯聽命。 詔體察輿情，妥為辦理。 己未，美人請先開市，以英、法約議未定，卻之。 辛酉，駱秉章奏石達開南陷江華、永門，將入廣西。 現飭劉長佑統軍追剿。 得旨，田興恕一軍援黔，李續宜一軍回湖北備調。 壬戌，發逆、捻匪會攻壽州，官軍擊卻之。 御史陳慶松奏科場案內大員子弟陳景彥等贖罪太驟，請仍發遣，嚴旨斥之。 甲子，廣東官軍復靈山。
In the eighth month, on the new moon wuxu, Chong'en left office and Wen Yu became Shandong governor. On jihai day, the Emperor attended the Classics Lecture. On yisi day, Hengqi was ordered to stay and handle Guangdong trade. Sheng Bao reported Li Shizhong's victory and relief of Dingyuan and Chuzhou. Li Shizhong was promoted to regional commander. Guangdong troops retook Lianshan and Kaijian. On gengxu day, Zeng Guofan was ordered to camp at Hukou. Duxing'a became Jiangning General; Dolongga took his troops and commanded the front. On jiayin day, Jingchun reported Russian ships at Sanxing were ordered back. Those on the Ussuri still refused. The court ordered the matter handled with due regard for local opinion. On jiwei day, an American request for early market opening was refused pending Anglo-French treaties. On xinyou day, Luo Bingzhang reported Shi Dakai had seized Jianghua and Yongmen and was heading into Guangxi. Liu Changyou was ordered to pursue with his army. The court ordered Tian Xingyu to aid Guizhou and Li Xuyi back to Hubei as reserve. On renxu day, Taiping and Nian rebels jointly attacked Shouzhou and were repulsed. Censor Chen Qingsong's plea to re-exile examination-case offenders drew a sharp rebuke. On jiazi day, Guangdong troops retook Lingshan.
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九月戊辰，安徽賊陷霍山、盱眙，勝保擊退之。 勝保丁母憂，留營視軍。 甲戌，胡興仁罷，調羅遵殿為浙江巡撫。 戊寅，王慶雲病免，以勞崇光為兩廣總督。 庚辰，官文、胡林翼奏多隆阿攻破安徽石牌，擊破援賊，獲賊目霍天燕石廷玉，得旨嘉獎。 己丑，傅振邦奏追剿捻匪，敗之。 甲午，曹澍鍾奏石達開圍廣西省城，蕭啟江、蘇鳳文會合蔣益澧分途剿擊，敗之，立解城圍。
In the ninth month, on wuchen day, Anhui rebels took Huoshan and Xuyi and Sheng Bao repulsed them. Sheng Bao, though mourning his mother, stayed with the army. On jiaxu day, Hu Xingren left office and Luo Zundian became Zhejiang governor. On wuyin day, Wang Qingyun left for illness and Lao Chongguang took Liang-Guang. On gengchen day, Guan Wen and Hu Linyi reported Dolongga's capture of Shipai and bandit chiefs, winning praise. On jichou day, Fu Zhenbang reported defeating pursuing Nian bandits. On jiawu day, Cao Shuzhong reported allied forces had raised Shi Dakai's siege of the Guangxi capital.
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冬十月丁酉朔，時享太廟，上親詣行禮。 駱秉章奏賊中投出難民，給予免死護照，資遣回籍，原效力者，准其留營，得旨，各省均可照辦。 戊戌，雲南官軍克復嵩明，陣斬賊首孫漢鼎。 庚子，以曾望顏署四川總督，譚廷襄署陝西巡撫。 辛丑，以袁甲三為欽差大臣，督辦安徽軍務。 以侍郎匡源、內閣學士文祥為軍機大臣。 癸卯，河南捻匪陷蘭儀，圍考城、通許，擾尉氏，分竄直隸、山東。 戊申，命總兵田在田幫辦傅振邦軍務。 乙卯，授袁甲三漕運總督。 丙辰，勝保克復懷遠。 江蘇官軍剿六合失利，奪李若珠職。 戊午，美使請開潮州、台灣通商口岸。 庚申，河南官軍剿平鄢陵捻匪，西路肅清。 壬戌，以明誼為烏里雅蘇台將軍，景廉為伊犁參贊大臣，崇實為駐藏大臣。 乙丑，命官文、曾國籓、胡林翼妥籌四路規皖。
In the tenth winter month, on the new moon dingyou, the Emperor personally offered at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. Luo Bingzhang's policy of passports and repatriation for surrendering refugees was approved for all provinces. On wuxu day, Yunnan troops retook Songming and killed bandit chief Sun Handing. On gengzi day, Zeng Wangyan acted as Sichuan governor and Tan Tingxiang as Shaanxi governor. On xinchou day, Yuan Jiasan became Imperial Commissioner for Anhui. Kuang Yuan and Wen Xiang joined the Grand Council. On guimao day, Henan Nian rebels took Lanyi, besieged Kaocheng and Tongxu, raided Weishi, and spread into Zhili and Shandong. On wushen day, Tian Zaitian was assigned to assist Fu Zhenbang. On yimao day, Yuan Jiasan received the Grain Transport post. On bingchen day, Sheng Bao retook Huaiyuan. Jiangsu troops failed at Liuhe and Li Ruozhu lost his post. On wuwu day, the American minister sought treaty ports at Chaozhou and Taiwan. On gengshen day, Henan troops pacified Yanling Nian rebels and cleared the west. On renxu day, Mingyi took Uliasutai, Jinglian Ili, and Chongshi Tibet. On yichou day, Guan Wen, Zeng Guofan, and Hu Linyi were told to plan a four-route Anhui campaign.
132
十一月戊辰，滇匪犯敘州，奪萬福職，以皁升為四川提督。 辛未，何桂清奏，探聞英、法明春必來尋釁。 恆祺奏英兵續行至粵。 詔僧格林沁加意津防。 丁丑，賊陷浦口，總兵周天培死之，予世職。 癸未，特普欽奏俄人在黑龍江左岸占踞五十餘屯，請調西丹墨爾根、布特哈兵交那爾胡善訓練，聯絡旗民參夫，有事抵禦，從之。 丙戌，命張芾督辦皖南軍務。 己丑，曾國籓奏韋志俊以池州降。 滇匪陷敘州，另股陷酉陽、秀山。 庚寅，四川官軍復筠連、慶符、高縣。 乙未，戶部災。
In the eleventh month, on wuchen day, Yunnan rebels attacked Xuzhou; Wan Fu lost his post and Gao Sheng became Sichuan commander. On xinwei day, He Guiqing reported intelligence that the English and French would provoke trouble next spring. Hengqi reported English troops were still heading to Guangdong. The court told Sengge Rinchen to strengthen Tianjin defenses. On dingchou day, bandits took Pukou; Zhou Tianpei died fighting and received a hereditary rank. On guiwei day, Tepuqin won assent to train border militia against Russian occupation of Amur villages. On bingxu day, Zhang Fu was assigned southern Anhui operations. On jichou day, Zeng Guofan reported Wei Zhijun's surrender of Chizhou. Yunnan rebels took Xuzhou while another force took Youyang and Xiushan. On gengyin day, Sichuan troops retook Junlian, Qingfu, and Gaoxian. On yiwei day, the Ministry of Revenue burned.
133
十二月丙申朔，蔣霨遠奏石達開糾黨十餘萬由桂犯黔，將以窺蜀。 詔田興恕剿之。 戊戌，上詣大高殿祈雪。 雲南丘北土匪滋事戕官，官軍討平之。 庚子，和春奏官軍攻破江浦賊壘，揚州西界肅清。 壬寅，吏部尚書花沙納卒。 丙午，何桂清報英、法兵船到滬。 以田興恕為貴州提督。 辛未，援黔湘軍攻復鎮遠。 庚申，景淳奏請招集流民參夫，給地設卡，以助邊防，從之。 壬戌，袁甲三奏攻克臨淮關，得旨嘉勉，下部議敘，穆騰阿加都統銜。 甲子，祫祭太廟。
In the twelfth month, on the new moon bingshen, Jiang Yiyuan reported Shi Dakai was leading over a hundred thousand men from Guangxi into Guizhou toward Sichuan. Tian Xingyu was ordered to suppress him. On wuxu day, the Emperor prayed for snow at the Dagao Hall. Yunnan Qiubei bandits killed officials and were suppressed. On gengzi day, He Chun reported the storming of Jiangpu bandit camps and clearance west of Yangzhou. On renyin day, Minister of Personnel Hua Shana died. On bingwu day, He Guiqing reported Anglo-French warships at Shanghai. Tian Xingyu became Guizhou provincial commander. On xinwei day, Hunan relief forces retook Zhenyuan in Guizhou. On gengshen day, Jingchun won assent to settle migrants on border lands with checkpoints. On renxu day, Yuan Jiasan's capture of Linhuai Pass won praise and Muteng'a received a vice-president rank. On jiazi day, the joint seasonal offering was made at the Imperial Ancestral Temple.
134
是歲，免直隸、河南、山東、浙江、貴州等省一百五十七州縣被災、被賊額賦有差。 朝鮮、琉球入貢。
That year, tax relief in varying degrees went to 157 districts in Zhili, Henan, Shandong, Zhejiang, Guizhou, and elsewhere hit by disaster or rebels. Korea and Ryukyu paid tribute.
135
十年庚申春正月丙寅，上三旬萬壽，頒詔覃恩。 詔先朝壽節有告祭之禮，升殿之儀，本年勿庸舉行，外吏、外籓並停來京祝嘏。 加恩親籓，惇郡王奕脤晉親王，貝子奕劻晉貝勒，餘各封賚，及於廷臣、疆臣。 戊辰，前寧夏將軍托雲保卒。 己巳，解勝保欽差大臣，專辦河南剿匪，袁甲三專辦安徽。 丁丑，瑛棨以遲解京饟降官，以慶廉為河南巡撫。 己丑，刑部主事何秋濤呈進所纂北徼彙編八十卷，上嘉與之，賜名朔方備乘，入直懋勤殿。 壬辰，有鳳免，以全亮為成都將軍，占泰為四川提督。 甲午，御史白恩佑言津防重大，請預籌後路，以保萬全。 得旨：「所奏固是，然駐兵籌饟，甚覺為難。 現在津防周備，可勿庸議。」 特普欽奏請召集鄂倫春人入伍，從之。 扎拉芬泰奏請與俄、廓合攻印度。 上曰：「俄非和好也。 廓豈英敵？」
In Xianfeng 10, month 1, bingyin, the Emperor's thirtieth birthday brought a grace edict. The court suspended former birthday rites and barred outer officials and tributaries from birthday congratulations in the capital. Imperial clansmen and ministers received birthday enfeoffments and gifts, including Yixuan as prince and Yikuang as beile. On wuchen day, former Ningxia General Tuo Yunbao died. On jisi day, Sheng Bao lost commissioner rank for Henan bandit suppression and Yuan Jiasan took Anhui alone. On dingchou day, Ying Qi was demoted for late capital grain funds and Qing Lian became Henan governor. On jichou day, He Qiutao presented his frontier compilation; the court praised it, renamed it Shuofang Beicheng, and posted him to the Maqin Hall. On renchen day, You Feng was dismissed; Quan Liang took Chengdu and Zhan Tai took Sichuan command. On jiawu day, Bai Enyou urged advance planning of rear routes for Tianjin defense. The court replied that the memorial was sound but garrisoning troops and raising pay would be very hard. Tianjin defenses were already complete and the matter need not be pursued. Te Puqin's request to enlist Oroqen was approved. Zhalafentai proposed a joint Russo-Nepalese attack on India. The Emperor said Russia was no true ally. He asked how Nepal could match Britain. The edict ended."
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二月丁酉，上御經筵。 庚子，以劉源灝為貴州巡撫。 袁甲三奏克復鳳陽，賜黃馬褂。 辛丑，何桂清奏上海英人經華商開導，索兵費一百萬。 津約不能更易，入京換約。 如不見許，即開船北駛。 詔僧格林沁嚴備津防後路。 海運漕糧，暫緩放洋。 丙午，湖南官軍克復貴州鎮遠。 庚戌，捻匪陷桃源，上竄清江，庚長退守淮安。 壬子，援桂湘軍克復柳州、柳城，加道員劉坤一按察使銜。 甲寅，張芾奏官軍復建德，匪陷涇縣、旌德，連陷太平。 己巳，以倭什琿布為禮部尚書，春佑為熱河都統。 辛酉，詔和春分兵援浙。
In the second month, on dingyou day, the Emperor attended the classics lecture. On gengzi day, Liu Yuanhao became Guizhou governor. Yuan Jiasan recovered Fengyang and received a yellow riding jacket. On xinchou day, He Guiqing reported the English at Shanghai demanded one million in military expenses after merchant mediation. They insisted the Tianjin treaty could not change and that ratification must occur in the capital. They threatened to sail north if refused. The court ordered Sengge Rinchen to secure Tianjin's rear defenses. Sea-transport tribute grain was temporarily suspended. On bingwu day, Hunan troops recovered Guizhou's Zhenyuan. On gengxu day, Nian bandits took Taoyuan and fled toward Qing River while Geng Chang fell back to Huai'an. On renzi day, Hunan relief troops recovered Liuzhou and Liucheng and Liu Kunyi gained vice censor rank. On jiayin day, Zhang Fu reported Jiande recovered but Jing, Jingde, and Taiping fell in turn. On jisi day, Woshihabu took rites and Chunyou took Rehe command. On xinyou day, the court ordered He Chun to send troops to aid Zhejiang.
137
三月乙丑朔，袁甲三奏官軍復清江。 庚子，命提督張玉良統軍援浙。 丙子，賊陷杭州，巡撫羅遵殿死之。 越六日，將軍瑞昌復其城。 重賚瑞昌、張玉良等。 以王有齡為浙江巡撫。 丁亥，上耕耤田。 辛卯，浙江官軍克復長興、臨安、孝豐。 甲午，何桂清奏夷船北犯。
On the third month's yichou new moon, Yuan Jiasan reported Qing River recovered. On gengzi day, Zhang Yuliang was ordered to lead the Zhejiang relief force. On bingzi day, Hangzhou fell and Governor Luo Zundian was killed. Six days later Ruichang recovered the city. Ruichang, Zhang Yuliang, and others received further rewards. Wang Youling became Zhejiang governor. On dinghai day, the Emperor plowed the sacred field. On xinmao day, Zhejiang troops recovered Changxing, Lin'an, and Xiaofeng. On jiawu day, He Guiqing reported foreign ships raiding northward.
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閏三月癸卯，四川官軍克復蒲江，賊陷名山。 丙午，命曹澍鍾督軍四川，以劉長佑為廣西巡撫。 丁未，賊陷溧水，連陷句容。 以張玉良為廣西提督，留蘇督軍，尋令折回杭州。 庚申，和春等奏陳玉成率眾突犯大營，城賊出而合犯，官軍力不能支，退守鎮江。 壬戌，以王夢齡為漕運總督。
On intercalary month 3, guimao, Sichuan troops recovered Pujiang but Mingshan fell. On bingwu day, Cao Shuzhong took Sichuan command and Liu Changyou became Guangxi governor. On dingwei day, bandits took Lishui and then Jurong. Zhang Yuliang was made Guangxi commander but stayed in Jiangsu until ordered back to Hangzhou. On gengshen day, He Chun reported Chen Yucheng's assault on the great camp; city rebels joined; government troops withdrew to Zhenjiang. On renxu day, Wang Mengling became canal transport governor-general.
139
夏四月丙寅，以明儒曹端從祀文廟。 癸酉，賊陷丹陽，張國樑死之，和春走常州。 戊寅，詔直省舉辦團練。 命都興阿督辦江北軍務。 癸未，詔兩江總督何桂清屢失城池，褫職逮問。 以曾國籓署兩江總督。 擢兵部郎中左宗棠四品京堂，襄辦曾國籓軍務。 乙酉，賊犯常州，和春迎戰受傷，卒。 以魁玉署江寧將軍，會巴棟阿扼守鎮江。 辛卯，賊陷建平，張玉良兵潰於無錫。 壬辰，賜鍾駿聲等一百八十三人進士及第出身有差。 癸巳，賊陷蘇州，巡撫徐有壬死之。
In summer, month 4, bingyin, the Ming scholar Cao Duan entered the Confucian temple sacrifices. On guiyou day, Danyang fell, Zhang Guoliang died, and He Chun fled to Changzhou. On wuyin day, all provinces were ordered to organize militia. Duxing'a was ordered to supervise Jiangbei military affairs. On guiwei day, He Guiqing was stripped and arrested for repeatedly losing cities. Zeng Guofan became acting Liang-Jiang governor-general. Zuo Zongtang was promoted to fourth-rank capital official to assist Zeng Guofan. On yiyou day, rebels attacked Changzhou; He Chun was wounded in battle and died. Kuiyu became acting Jiangning general and joined Badeng'a defending Zhenjiang. On xinmao day, Jianping fell and Zhang Yuliang's army was routed at Wuxi. On renchen day, Zhong Junsheng and 183 others received jinshi degrees. On guisi day, Suzhou fell and Governor Xu Youcheng was killed.
140
五月甲午朔，以薛煥為江蘇巡撫，暫署總督。 己亥，江蘇常熟縣知縣周沐潤招募沙勇，克復江陰。 辛丑，賊陷浙江長興，圍湖州，蕭翰慶赴援失利，死之。 甲辰，曾國籓奏陳三路進兵，規蘇保浙，並調沈葆楨差遣。 上嘉允之。 以東純兼署四川總督。 丙午，賊陷吳江、崑山及浙之嘉興。 玉明奏金州、岫岩海口有洋船六十餘停泊，劫掠牲畜。 庚戌，敕王夢齡督同喬松年開辦江北糧台。 辛亥，恤殉難在籍侍郎戴熙，贈尚書，予世職，建專祠，諡文節。 甲寅，命毛昶熙辦河南團練，杜辦山東團練。 戊午，李若珠奏薛成良投誠復叛，捕誅之。 己未，曾國籓奏隨調鮑超、硃品隆進駐祁門，鄂軍不宜再調。 從之。 玉明奏洋船到金州海面一百餘艘，文煜奏英、法兵到煙台者約有萬人，探聞有由海豐大山北犯之說，均下僧格林沁知之。
On the fifth month's jiawu new moon, Xue Huan became Jiangsu governor and acting governor-general. On jihai day, Zhou Murun's Sha braves recovered Jiangyin. On xinchou day, Changxing fell, Huzhou was besieged, and Xiao Hanqing died relieving it. On jiachen day, Zeng Guofan proposed a three-route advance on Suzhou and Zhejiang and asked for Shen Baozhen. The court praised and approved the plan. Dong Chun became acting Sichuan governor-general. On bingwu day, Wujiang, Kunshan, and Jiaxing fell. Yuming reported over sixty foreign ships at Jinzhou and Xiuyan plundering livestock. On gengxu day, Wang Mengling was ordered to open the Jiangbei grain bureau with Qiao Songnian. On xinhai day, the martyred Vice Minister Dai Xi was posthumously honored as Minister Wenjie with a shrine and hereditary rank. On jiayin day, Mao Changxi took Henan militia and Du took Shandong militia. On wuwu day, Li Ruozhu reported Xue Chengliang's feigned submission and execution. On jiwei day, Zeng Guofan moved Bao Chao and Zhu Pinlong to Qimen and asked that Hubei troops not be shifted again. The court approved. Yuming reported over a hundred foreign ships off Jinzhou; Wen Yu reported ten thousand Anglo-French troops at Yantai and a possible overland advance; both reports went to Sengge Rinchen.
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六月癸亥朔，敕准巴爾虎旗人一體考試。 甲子，英船駛入北塘。 丙寅，賊陷青浦、松江。 己巳，劉長佑奏復慶遠，石達開南竄。 庚午，瑞昌奏復廣德。 辛未，萬壽節，御殿受賀。 壬申，大學士彭蘊章罷直軍機。 命邵燦、劉繹、晏端書、龐鍾璐各在原籍舉辦團練。 戊寅，王有齡奏在籍道員趙景賢克復湖州。 薛煥奏克復松江。 庚辰，英、法兵登岸，遂踞北塘。 裁南河河道總督暨淮海道各官。 壬午，僧格林沁奏英、法勢大志驕，難望議和。 得旨，以撫事責之恆福，以顧大局。 丙戌，命曾國籓為欽差大臣，實授兩江總督。 己丑，夷人犯新河，官軍退守塘沽。 命駱秉章馳赴四川督辦軍務。 辛卯，手詔僧格林沁曰：「握手言別，倏逾半載。 大沽兩岸危急，諒汝憂心如焚。 惟天下大本在京師不在海口。 若有挫失，總須退保津、通，萬不可寄身命於砲台，為一身之計。 握管凄愴，汝其勉遵！」 敕西凌阿固守天津，瑞麟、伊勒東阿赴通州防堵。
On the sixth month's guihai new moon, Barga Banner men were approved for equal examination rights. On jiazi day, English ships entered Beitang. On bingyin day, Qingpu and Songjiang fell. On jisi day, Liu Changyou recovered Qingyuan as Shi Dakai fled south. On gengwu day, Ruichang reported Guangde recovered. On xinwei day, the Emperor's birthday, he received court congratulations. On renshen day, Grand Secretary Peng Yunzhang left Grand Council duty. Shao Can, Liu Yi, Yan Duanshu, and Pang Zhonglu were ordered to organize home-district militia. On wuyin day, Wang Youling reported Zhao Jingxian's recovery of Huzhou. Xue Huan reported Songjiang recovered. On gengchen day, Anglo-French troops landed and occupied Beitang. The Southern Canal and Huai-Hai posts were abolished. On renwu day, Sengge Rinchen reported Anglo-French arrogance and little hope of peace. The court charged Hengfu with pacification and urged him to consider the larger situation. On bingxu day, Zeng Guofan became Imperial Commissioner and full Liang-Jiang governor-general. On jichou day, foreigners attacked Xinhe and government troops withdrew to Tanggu. Luo Bingzhang was ordered to hurry to Sichuan to supervise the campaign. On xinmao day, a hand edict to Sengge Rinchen said they had parted half a year before. Dagu's banks were critically perilous and his anxiety must have been intense. The court said the empire's foundation lay in the capital, not the sea mouth. On any setback he must fall back to Tianjin and Tongzhou and never stake his life on the forts alone. The Emperor wrote in grief and urged earnest obedience. Xiling'a was ordered to hold Tianjin and Ruilin and Yiledong'a went to block Tongzhou.
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秋七月癸巳，命巴棟阿援金壇。 戊戌，大沽砲台失守，提督樂善死之，優恤建祠。 庚子，僧格林沁退守通州。 辛丑，英人陷天津。 浙江賊陷臨安、餘杭。 四川賊陷邛、蒲、新津。 甲辰，江蘇賊復陷松江。 丁未，以崇實署四川總督。 己酉，裕瑞奏浩罕請依前通商，許之。 以常清為伊犁將軍。 辛酉，金壇陷，知縣李淮守三年，援兵不至，力竭死之，紳民從死者逾千人。 命勝保督馬隊守通州。
In autumn, month 7, guisi, Badeng'a was ordered to relieve Jintan. On wuxu day, Dagu fell, Commander Le Shan died, and he received generous mourning and a shrine. On gengzi day, Sengge Rinchen withdrew to Tongzhou. On xinchou day, the English took Tianjin. Zhejiang rebels took Lin'an and Yuhang. Sichuan rebels took Qiong, Pu, and Xinjin. On jiachen day, Jiangsu rebels again took Songjiang. On dingwei day, Chongshi became acting Sichuan governor-general. On jiyou day, Yurui reported Kokand's request to resume trade and it was permitted. Chang Qing became general of Ili. On xinyou day Jintan fell after Magistrate Li Huai's three-year defense without relief; over a thousand gentry and townspeople died with him. Sheng Bao was put in charge of the mounted force defending Tongzhou.
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八月癸亥，洋兵至通州，載垣誘擒英使巴夏禮解京。 戊辰，瑞麟等與洋兵戰於八里橋，不利。 命恭親王奕訢為欽差大臣，辦理撫局。 己巳，上幸木蘭，自圓明園啟鑾。 丁丑，上駐蹕避暑山莊。 李世忠以擒叛將薛成良擢授江南提督。 戊寅，詔曰：「江南提督張國樑謀勇兼優，忠義奮發。 在軍十年，戰功卓著，東南半壁，倚為長城。 本年大營潰散，回援擊賊，受傷沒水。 先後奏報，朕猶冀其不確。 迄今數月，其為效死捐軀無疑。 若使張國樑尚在，蘇、常一帶，何至糜爛若此。 追念藎勞，益深愴惻。 贈太子太保，入祀昭忠祠，分建專祠。 子孫幾人，送部錄用。」 己卯，命都興阿帶兵入衛，從官文請也。 命玉明、成凱、樂斌、文煜、英桂督兵入衛。 辛巳，命恆福駐古北口備防，吳廷棟接轉文報。 壬午，浙江官軍克復平湖、嘉善。 廣東官軍克復樂昌、仁化。 癸未，江蘇賊陷常熟。 圓明園災，常嬪薨，內務府大臣、尚書文豐死之。 庚寅，恭親王奏請還巴夏禮於英軍。 薛煥奏劾馮子材赴援金壇，擁兵不進，致令城陷。 詔薄譴之。
In the eighth month, on guihai day, foreign troops reached Tongzhou; Zaiyuan captured the British envoy Parkes by ruse and sent him to Beijing. On wuchen day Ruilin and others fought foreign troops at Baliqiao and were beaten. Prince Gong Yixin became Imperial Commissioner to manage the peace talks. On jisi day the Emperor left the Yuanming Garden for Mulan. On dingchou day the Emperor took up residence at the Rehe mountain resort. Li Shizhong was made Jiangnan military governor for capturing the rebel Xue Chengliang. On wuyin day an edict praised Jiangnan governor Zhang Guoliang's courage and loyalty: For ten years in the field his victories were outstanding, and the southeast had leaned on him as its bulwark. This year, after the great camp broke up, he was wounded and drowned while hurrying back to fight the rebels. Repeated reports still left the throne hoping they were untrue. Months later his death in service could no longer be doubted. Had Zhang Guoliang lived, Suzhou and Changzhou would not have collapsed as they did. Remembering his loyal service deepened the court's grief. He was posthumously made Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent, enshrined at the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty, and given dedicated temples. Several of his descendants were sent to the ministries for office." On jimao day Du Xing'a was ordered to the capital with troops at Wen Wenzao's request. Yu Ming, Cheng Kai, Le Bin, Wen Yu, and Ying Gui were told to bring troops to guard Beijing. On xinsi day Hengfu was posted at Gubeikou and Wu Tingdong took over dispatch of documents. On renwu day Zhejiang forces retook Pinghu and Jiashan. Guangdong forces retook Lechang and Renhua. On guimao day rebels seized Changshu in Jiangsu. Fire ravaged the Yuanming Garden; Concubine Chang and Household Minister Wen Feng perished in it. On gengyin day Prince Gong asked that Parkes be returned to the British. Xue Huan impeached Feng Zicai for stalling on the march to relieve Jintan and letting the city fall. The court issued a mild rebuke.
144
九月壬辰，命勝保為欽差大臣，總統援軍。 敕恭親王奕訢照會英人，勿修城北砲台，速行議約。 甲午，英使、法使入城。 大學士彭蘊章、尚書許乃普以病乞免，許之。 己亥，命慶廉、英桂兵駐直備調。 辛丑，賊陷寧國，周天受死之。 甲辰，命左宗棠督辦浙江軍務。 乙巳，撫局成。 恭親王奕訢奏請宣示中外，如約遵行。 許俄人駐烏蘇里、綏芬。 停各省援兵。 敕英桂來京。 議西巡。 戊申，李若珠奏克復江陰。 辛亥，賊陷徽州，守城道員李元度棄城走。 癸丑，直隸、山東、河南賊匪並起，命僧格林沁討之。 庚申，恭親王奕訢奏洋人退至天津，籲請迴鑾。
In the ninth month, on renchen day, Sheng Bao became Imperial Commissioner over relief forces. Prince Gong was told to notify the British not to rebuild the northern batteries and to hurry the treaty. On jiawu day the British and French envoys entered Beijing. Peng Yunzhang and Xu Naipu were allowed to retire for illness. On jihai day Qinglian and Ying Gui were posted in Zhili with troops on call. On xinchou day rebels took Ningguo and Zhou Tianshou was killed. On jiachen day Zuo Zongtang was put in charge of Zhejiang operations. On yisi day the peace settlement was completed. Prince Gong asked that the settlement be proclaimed at home and abroad and carried out as agreed. Russia was allowed garrisons at Ussuri and Suifen. Provincial relief armies were ordered to stand down. Ying Gui was recalled to Beijing. The court discussed moving the court farther west. On wushen day Li Ruozhu reported the recapture of Jiangyin. On xinhai day rebels took Huizhou and Li Yuandu fled. On guichou day bandits rose across Zhili, Shandong, and Henan, and Sengge Rinchen was sent against them. On gengshen day Prince Gong reported the foreigners had withdrawn to Tianjin and asked the Emperor to return.
145
冬十月辛酉朔，詔天氣漸寒，暫緩迴鑾。 以田興恕為貴州提督。 予陣亡提督周天受、周天培世職，建祠予諡，附祀道員福咸等。 壬戌，以劉源灝為雲貴總督，鄧爾恆為貴州巡撫。 甲子，敕文謙、恆祺辦理通商事宜，吳廷棟督辦防務。 以文安為湖南提督。 以馮子材督辦鎮江軍務。 丙寅，恭親王奕訢奏換俄人和約，請用御寶，從之。 辛未，俄羅斯致槍砲。 癸酉，敕樂斌、英桂回任。 庚辰，以嚴樹森為河南巡撫，毛昶熙督辦河南捻匪。 辛巳，命都興阿督辦江北軍務，李若珠副之。 以總兵田在田接辦徐、宿剿匪，淮徐道吳棠幫同辦理。
At the tenth-month new moon the court said cold weather required deferring the return to Beijing. Tian Xingyu became Guizhou military governor. Fallen governors Zhou Tianshou and Zhou Tianpei received hereditary honors, temples, posthumous titles, and joint sacrifice with Fu Xian and others. On renxu day Liu Yuanhao took Yunnan-Guizhou and Deng Erheng Guizhou. On jiazi day Wen Qian and Hengqi took trade affairs and Wu Tingdong defense. Wen An became Hunan military governor. Feng Zicai was put in charge of operations at Zhenjiang. On bingyin day Prince Gong's request to seal the revised Russian treaty was approved. On xinwei day Russia presented guns and cannon. On guiyou day Le Bin and Ying Gui were told to resume their posts. On gengchen day Yan Shusen took Henan and Mao Changxi the Nian suppression there. On xinsi day Du Xing'a took Jiangbei command with Li Ruozhu as deputy. Tian Zaitian took over Xu-Su suppression with Intendant Wu Tang assisting.
146
十一月辛卯，勝保奏以大順廣道聯英專辦河防，准其奏報，從之。 癸巳，翁同書奏陳謹天戒，固邦本，收人才，練京營，爭形勢。 得旨：「收人才一條，利少弊多。 餘留覽。」 甲午，浙江賊陷新城、臨安、富陽。 乙未，王夢齡奏剿賊獲勝，三河肅清，並請節制黃開榜水師，從之。 庚子，曾國籓奏鮑超等克復黟縣。 辛丑，李若珠乞養親，以曾秉忠代之。 癸卯，以杭州解嚴，優賚瑞昌、王有齡等。 瑞昌奏陳慶端力保浙疆，請加優獎。 得旨：「不分畛域，皆爾大吏分內之事。 甄敘督撫，出自朝旨，非汝所得擅請。」 戊申，命成琦會景惇查勘俄羅斯東界。 癸卯，浙軍張玉良攻復嚴州。 甲寅，官文、胡林翼奏陳玉成圖犯懷、桐，多隆阿會合李續宜迎剿，大敗之，殺賊萬餘。 多隆阿賜黃馬褂，李續宜加二品銜。
In the eleventh month, on xinmao day, Sheng Bao won approval to have Dashunguangdao ally with Britain for river defense. On guisi day Weng Tonghe urged heeding Heaven's warnings, strengthening the state, gathering talent, drilling the capital banners, and seizing strategic advantage. The throne replied: "Gathering talent does more harm than good. The rest may be reviewed." On jiawu day rebels took Xincheng, Lin'an, and Fuyang in Zhejiang. On yiwei day Wang Mengling reported victory at Sanhe and won control of Huang Kaibang's fleet. On gengzi day Zeng Guofan reported Bao Chao's recapture of Yi county. On xinchou day Li Ruozhu retired to care for his parents and Zeng Bingzhong replaced him. On guimao day Ruichang, Wang Youling, and others were richly rewarded for the relief of Hangzhou. Ruichang asked extra honors for Qing Duan's defense of Zhejiang. The throne replied: "Provincial boundaries do not limit a governor's duty. Rewards for governors come from the throne, not from your own petitions." On wushen day Cheng Qi was sent with Jing Dun to survey Russia's eastern border. On guimao day Zhang Yuliang's Zhejiang force retook Yanzhou. On jiayin day Guan Wen and Hu Linyi reported Duolong'a and Li Xuyi had crushed Chen Yucheng's thrust toward Huai and Tong, killing over ten thousand rebels. Duolong'a received the yellow jacket and Li Xuyi a two-rank promotion.
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十二月辛酉，命西凌阿、國瑞幫辦僧格林沁軍務。 丙寅，命張亮基留辦雲南軍務。 己巳，始置總理各國通商事務衙門，命恭親王奕訢、桂良、文祥管理。 以崇厚充三口通商大臣，薛煥兼辦上海等處通商事務。 准旗人學習外國語言文字。 己巳，以田興恕為欽差大臣，督辦貴州軍務。 丙子，左宗棠奏督軍克復江西德興、安徽婺源，予三品京卿。 乙酉，以官文、周祖培為大學士，肅順協辦大學士，沈兆霖為戶部尚書，硃鳳標為兵部尚書。 戊子，祫祭太廟。
In the twelfth month, on xinyou day, Xiling'a and Guorui were assigned to Sengge Rinchen's staff. On bingyin day Zhang Liangji was kept in Yunnan to manage operations. On jisi day the Zongli Yamen was established under Prince Gong, Gui Liang, and Wen Xiang. Chonghou became minister for the three treaty ports and Xue Huan took Shanghai trade affairs. Bannermen were allowed to study foreign languages. On jisi day Tian Xingyu became Imperial Commissioner for Guizhou. On bingzi day Zuo Zongtang reported the recapture of Dexing and Wuyuan and received third-rank capital rank. On yiyou day Guan Wen and Zhou Zupei entered the Grand Secretariat, Su Shun as cooperating secretary, Shen Zhaolin Revenue, and Zhu Fengbiao War. On wuzi day the court performed the joint sacrifice at the ancestral temple.
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是歲，免江蘇、浙江、安徽三省額賦逋賦，又直隸、山東、河南、江西、湖北、湖南、福建、廣西等省四百一州縣衛被災、被賊額賦有差。 會計天下民數二萬六千零九十二萬四千六百七十五名口，存倉穀數五百二十三萬一千九百二十石四斗六升五合一勺。 朝鮮入貢。
That year Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui had taxes and arrears remitted, and 401 districts in eight provinces received partial relief where war or disaster had struck. The empire counted 260,924,675 people and 5,231,920-plus piculs of grain in store. Korea presented tribute.
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十一年辛酉，上在木蘭。 春正月庚寅朔，上御綏成殿受賀。 辛酉，詔二月十三日迴鑾。 乙未，曾國籓奏楊載福剿賊，克都昌，解南陵圍。 田在田奏捻匪犯碭山，擊走之，加提督銜。 丙申，召翁同書來京，以李續宜為安徽巡撫。 丁酉，以福濟為成都將軍。 辛丑，賊陷孝豐，杭州戒嚴。 壬寅，詔：「紀年開秩，應予特赦，非常赦所不原者咸減除之。」 癸卯，左宗棠兵復饒州暨都梁。 乙巳，恆福以病免，以文煜為直隸總督，譚廷襄為山東巡撫，鄧爾恆為陝西巡撫，何冠英署貴州巡撫。 丁未，僧格林沁奏捻匪竄入山東，派隊追剿，及於菏澤，失利。 得旨：「僧格林沁督帶重兵，北地倚為屏障。 乃以飢疲之卒，追方張之寇，旁無援應，宜其敗也。 勇往有餘，未能持重。 尚其汰兵選將，扼要嚴防，謀定後動，勿再輕進。」 戊申，詔袁甲三等：「捻匪裹脅良民，未便概行誅戮，可剴切曉諭，設法解散。 投誠者免罪，殺賊者敘功。 並傳知李世忠一體招撫。」 辛亥，貴州官軍克復獨山。 壬子，翁同書奏陳撫練苗沛霖劫擾壽州，跋扈異常。 詔李續宜酌辦。 河南捻匪竄擾東明、長垣。
In Xianfeng 11, xinyou year, the Emperor was at Mulan. In spring, at the first-month new moon, the Emperor received New Year homage in the Suicheng Hall. On xinyou day the court set the return to Beijing for the thirteenth of the second month. On yiwei day Zeng Guofan reported Yang Zaifu had taken Duchang and relieved Nanling. Tian Zaitian reported beating off Nian bandits at Dangshan and received the military governor rank. On bingshen day Weng Tonghe was called to Beijing and Li Xuyi made Anhui governor. On dingyou day Fu Qing became Chengdu general. On xinchou day rebels took Xiaofeng and Hangzhou went on alert. On renyin day the court proclaimed a special amnesty for the new reign cycle, reducing even offenses outside ordinary amnesties." On guimao day Zuo Zongtang retook Raozhou and Duliang. On yisi day Hengfu left for illness; Wen Yu took Zhili, Tan Tingxiang Shandong, Deng Erheng Shaanxi, and He Guanying acted at Guizhou. On dingwei day Sengge Rinchen reported pursuing Nian bandits into Shandong and losing an engagement at Heze. The throne replied: "Sengge Rinchen commands the great force the north relies on as its shield. Yet he pursued a swelling enemy with exhausted men and no flank support; defeat was to be expected. His daring outruns his steadiness. Cull troops, pick generals, hold the passes, plan first, and do not rush forward again. On wushen day, Yuan Jiasan was told not to massacre coerced civilians among the Nian and to disband them by proclamation. Surrender brought pardon; killing bandits brought merit. Li Shizhong was told to offer the same terms. On xinhai day, Guizhou troops retook Dushan. On renzi day, Weng Tongshu reported Miao Peilin's militia raiding Shouzhou with outrageous arrogance. Li Xuyi was ordered to handle the matter. Henan Nian raiders struck Dongming and Changyuan.
150
二月己未朔，雲南官軍克復晉寧。 壬戌，復置奉天金州水師營。 丙寅，詔准山東抵還法國教堂地基，並敕直省遇有交涉，即行酌辦請旨，勿許推諉。 丁卯，張玉良軍克復江山、常山。 庚午，曾國籓奏左宗棠敗賊於景德鎮，鮑超敗賊於石門洋塘。 壬申，浙軍克復富陽。 熱河朝陽盜匪陷城，命克興阿剿之。 命明誼、明緒會勘俄界，英蘊、奎英辦理俄人通商。 捻匪撲汶河，副都統伊興阿、總兵滕家勝逆戰陣歿。 乙亥，陳玉成糾合捻匪由英山犯湖北蘄水，詔胡林翼回兵擊之。 庚辰，詔曰：「前經降旨，訂日迴鑾。 旬日以來，體氣未復。 綏俟秋間再降諭旨。」 壬午，朝鮮國王遣使朝覲行在。 溫諭止之，頒賜文綺、珍器，及其使臣。 癸未，詔挑選兵丁演習俄國送到槍砲。 甲申，裁撤黑龍江團丁歸農。
In month 2, jiwei new moon, Yunnan troops retook Jinning. On renxu day, Fengtian's Jinzhou naval camp was restored. On bingyin day, Shandong returned French church land with approval, and provinces were forbidden to shirk foreign-affairs cases. On dingmao day, Zhang Yuliang retook Jiangshan and Changshan. On gengwu day, Zeng Guofan reported Zuo Zongtang's victory at Jingdezhen and Bao Chao's at Shimen Yangtang. On renshen day, Zhejiang forces retook Fuyang. Rehe Chaoyang bandits took the city; Kexing'a was sent to suppress them. Ming Yi and Ming Xu surveyed the Russian border; Ying Yun and Kui Ying handled Russian trade. Nian raiders hit the Wen River; Yi Xing'a and Teng Jiasheng died fighting them. On yihai day, Chen Yucheng led Nian forces from Yingshan into Hubei Qishui; Hu Linyi was ordered back to strike them. On gengchen day, an edict said a return to the capital had been fixed. For ten days the Emperor's health had not recovered. A further edict would wait until autumn. On renwu day, Korea sent envoys to the traveling court. They were warmly told to stay home and were given brocade, treasures, and gifts. On guiwei day, troops were ordered to drill on Russian firearms. On jiashen day, Heilongjiang militia were disbanded to farming.
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三月己丑朔，詔派辦約大臣崇綸、崇厚給與全權便宜行事。 敕侍郎成琦赴興凱湖會勘俄人分界事宜。 予道員聯捷四品京卿，辦理河防。 壬辰，恭親王奕訢請赴行在祗叩起居。 上手詔答之曰：「別經半載，時思握手而談。 惟近日欬嗽不止，時有紅痰，尚須靜攝，未宜多言。 且俟秋間再為面話。」 丙申，詔皇長子於四月七日入學，以李鴻藻充師傅。 戊戌，都興阿奏鎮、揚水師船隻年久損壞，請飭廣東購運紅單船應用，從之。 庚子，命勝保督辦直隸、山東剿匪。 以賈臻署安徽巡撫。 庚戌，英、法兩國兵退出廣東省城。 辛亥，以前大學士彭蘊章署兵部尚書。 甲寅，浙江賊陷海鹽、平湖、乍浦，副都統錫齡阿死之。 丙辰，廣西土匪陷太平府、養利州。
In month 3, jichou new moon, Chonglun and Chonghou received full treaty powers. Cheng Qi was sent to Lake Xingkai to survey the Russian border. Lian Jie became a fourth-rank capital official in charge of river defense. On renchen day, Prince Gong Yixin asked to attend the Emperor at the traveling palace. The Emperor replied in his own hand: half a year apart, he longed to speak in person. Coughing and bloody sputum required quiet; he was not fit for much talk. They would meet face to face in autumn. On bingchen day, the Crown Prince was to begin study on the fourth month's seventh day under Li Hongzao. On wuxu day, Du Xing'a won approval to buy Guangdong red-barques for worn Zhen-Yang ships. On gengzi day, Sheng Bao took charge of bandit suppression in Zhili and Shandong. Jia Zhen became acting Anhui governor. On gengxu day, Anglo-French forces left Guangzhou city. On xinhai day, Peng Yunzhang acted as Minister of War. On jiayin day, Zhejiang bandits took Haiyan, Pinghu, and Zhapu; Xiling'e was killed. On bingchen day, Guangxi bandits took Taiping and Yangli.
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夏四月己未朔，嚴樹森奏賊犯汝寧，道員張曜擊走之。 戊辰，山東捻匪、教匪連陷館陶七縣。 僧格林沁入滕縣固守，詔勝保分兵援之。 甲戌，詔曰：「朕聞各處辦捐，有指捐、借捐、砲船捐、畝捐、米捐、饟捐、堤工捐、船捐、房捐、鹽捐、板捐、活捐，名目滋多，員司猥雜。 其實取民者多，歸公者寡。 近年軍錡浩繁，不得已而藉資民力商力。 然必涓滴歸公，撙節動用，始得實濟。 若似此徵求無藝，朘薄民生，尚復成何政體。 各大臣、督撫，尚其嚴密稽查，剔除奸蠹，以副朕意。」 乙亥，左宗棠敗賊於樂平。 庚辰，山東教匪撲圍大名，聯捷擊走之。 癸未，皖賊復竄浙江，陷常山、江山，進偪衢州。
In summer, month 4, jiwei new moon, Yan Shusen reported Zhang Yao driving bandits from Runan. On wuchen day, Shandong Nian and sect rebels took seven counties including Guantao. Senggelinqin held Teng county; Sheng Bao was told to send reinforcements. On jiaxu day, the Emperor denounced proliferating levy names from designated gifts to live taxes. Little reached the treasury; most was taken from the people. Heavy war costs had forced reliance on the people and merchants. Funds had to reach the treasury and be spent frugally to do real good. Boundless exactions that drained livelihoods were no government at all. Ministers and governors were ordered to investigate strictly and root out graft. On yihai day, Zuo Zongtang beat bandits at Leping. On gengchen day, Shandong sect rebels besieged Daming; Lian Jie repulsed them. On guiwei day, Anhui raiders retook Changshan and Jiangshan and threatened Quzhou.
153
五月癸巳，田在田奏苗練犯符離，敕僧格林沁分兵援之。 甲午，鄧爾恆被戕於曲靖。 飭劉源灝查辦。 以瑛棨為陝西巡撫。 庚子，勝保奏克復館陶。 辛丑，命賈臻、李世忠幫辦袁甲三軍務。 甲辰，命多隆阿幫辦官文、胡林翼軍務。 乙巳，賊陷浙江壽昌、金華、龍游、湯谿、長興，進陷蘭谿、武義。 詔催左宗棠赴援。
In month 5, guisi, Tian Zaitian reported Miao militia at Fuli; Senggelinqin was told to detach troops. On jiawu day, Deng Erheng was murdered at Qujing. Liu Yuanhao was ordered to investigate. Ying Qi became Shaanxi governor. On gengzi day, Sheng Bao reported Guantao recovered. On xinchou day, Jia Zhen and Li Shizhong were ordered to assist Yuan Jiasan. On jiachen day, Duolong'a was ordered to assist Guan Wen and Hu Linyi. On yisi day, bandits took Shouchang, Jinhua, Longyou, Tangxi, and Changxing and pressed Lanxi and Wuyi. Zuo Zongtang was urgently ordered to the rescue.
154
六月戊午朔，日有食之。 庚申，曾國籓、胡林翼奏：「安慶省城自我軍長圍，逆酋陳玉成率黨回援安慶，於集賢關外赤岡嶺堅築四壘。 經鮑超、成大吉會合多隆阿馬隊奮力進剿，晝夜轟擊。 五月初一日，三壘俱降。 釋去脅從，將長發老賊概行正法。 其踞第一壘之賊劉滄琳，乘夜潛遁。 經鮑超殲於馬踏石，餘為水師斬戮殆盡，並將劉滄琳驗明支解梟示。」 得旨嘉獎。 布魯斯亞國換約通商。 辛酉，許俄人在庫倫、恰克圖通商。 乙丑，欽天監奏八月初一日，日月合璧，五星聯珠。 得旨，不必宣付史館。 甲戌，賊陷浙江遂昌、松陽、永康。 丙子，回匪撲擾喀什噶爾。 詔景廉赴阿克蘇防剿。 丙戌，浙江官軍克復長興。
In month 6, wuwu new moon, there was a solar eclipse. On gengshen day, Zeng Guofan and Hu Linyi reported Chen Yucheng relieving besieged Anqing with four forts at Chigang Ridge. Bao Chao, Cheng Daji, and Duolong'a's cavalry bombarded the forts day and night. On the fifth month's first day, three forts surrendered. Coerced men were freed; veteran long-haired rebels were executed. Liu Canglin, who held the first fort, fled by night. Bao Chao killed Liu Canglin at Mata Stone; the navy finished the rest and his body was dismembered for display. The memorial won praise. Prussia concluded a treaty and opened trade. On xinyou day, Russians were allowed trade at Kulun and Kyakhta. On yichou day, the Astronomical Bureau reported a sun-moon conjunction and five-planet alignment on the eighth month's first day. The court said it need not go to the Historiography Office. On jiaxu day, bandits took Suichang, Songyang, and Yongkang in Zhejiang. On bingzi day, Muslim rebels raided Kashgar. Jing Lian was ordered to Aksu to defend and suppress them. On bingxu day, Zhejiang troops retook Changxing.
155
秋七月丁亥，詔每年秋間王公致祭兩陵，如遇山水漲發，可在途守候道路通時，即行前往。 屆期不到，由守護之貝勒、公等行禮。 甲午，曾國籓奏收復安徽徽州。 戊戌，予四川陣亡侍衛昭勇侯楊炘建祠。 辛丑，上不豫。 壬寅，上大漸，召王大臣承寫硃諭，立皇長子為皇太子。 癸卯，上崩於行宮，年三十一。 十月，奉移梓宮至京。 十二月，恭上尊諡。 同治四年九月，葬定陵。
In autumn, month 7, dinghai, princes were told to sacrifice at the two mausoleums each autumn, waiting on flooded roads if needed. Guardian beiles and dukes would perform the rites if princes could not arrive. On jiawu day, Zeng Guofan reported Huizhou recovered. On wuxu day, a temple was granted to Marquis Zhaoyong Yang Xin, killed in Sichuan. On xinchou day, the Emperor fell ill. On renyin day, the Emperor worsened; ministers wrote vermilion rescripts and the eldest son became Crown Prince. On guimao day, the Emperor died at the traveling palace, aged thirty-one. In the tenth month, the coffin was brought to the capital. In the twelfth month, the posthumous title was conferred. In Tongzhi 4, month 9, he was buried at Ding Mausoleum.
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論曰：文宗遭陽九之運，躬明夷之會。 外強要盟，內孽競作，奄忽一紀，遂無一日之安。 而能任賢擢材，洞觀肆應。 賦民首杜煩苛，治軍慎持馭索。 輔弼充位，悉出廟算。 鄉使假年御宇，安有後來之伏患哉？
The annalists say Wenzong met calamity and personally bore dark times. Foreign coercion and internal revolt left not one peaceful day in a dozen years. Yet he employed worthies, promoted talent, and responded with broad vision. He curbed harsh levies on the people and held the army with steady reins. His ministers filled their posts, all chosen by statecraft from the temple. Had he ruled a full span of years, how could later disasters have followed?