1
志三十三
Treatise 33
2
地理五
Geography 5
3
江蘇
Jiangsu
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江蘇:禹貢揚及徐、豫三州之域。 明為南京。 清順治二年改江南省,設布政使司,置兩江總督轄江南、江西,駐江寧。 又設淮揚總督,尋裁。 及江寧巡撫。 治蘇州。 又設鳳廬安徽巡撫,尋裁。 十八年,分府九:安慶、徽州、寧國、池州、太平、廬州、鳳陽、淮安、揚州,直隸州四:徐、滁、和、廣德,屬安徽,江南左布政使領之。 康熙元年,安徽設巡撫。 三年,分江北按察使往治。 五年,揚州、淮安、徐州復隸江南。 六年,江南更今名,改左布政使為安徽布政使司,駐江寧。 右布政使為江蘇布政使司,治蘇州。 統江寧、蘇州、常州、松江、鎮江、揚州、淮安府七,徐州直隸州一。 雍正二年,升太倉、邳、海、通四州為直隸州。 十一年,徐州升府,邳還為州,屬之。 乾隆二十五年,移安徽布政使司安慶,增設江寧布政使司,析江寧、淮安、徐、揚四府,通、海二直隸州屬之,與江蘇布政使司對治。 三十二年,增海門直隸廳,屬江寧。 光緒三十年,又設江淮巡撫,駐清江浦。 尋復故。 廣九百五十里,袤千一百三十里,積三十七萬二千五十四方里。 北極高三十一度五分至三十五度十分。 京師偏東五分至五度三分。 宣統三年,編戶三百二十一萬三千四百八十三,口九百三十五萬六千七百五十五。 領府八,直隸州三,直隸廳一,州三,廳四,縣六十。
Jiangsu comprised the domains of the Yang, Xu, and Yu regions described in the Tribute of Yu. Under the Ming dynasty it formed Nanjing. In Qing Shunzhi 2 it was renamed Jiangnan Province, a provincial administration commission was set up, and a governor-general of the Two Jiangs was appointed over Jiangnan and Jiangxi with his seat at Jiangning. A Huai-Yang governor-general was also appointed but soon abolished. A Jiangning governor was added as well. Its administrative seat was at Suzhou. A Feng-Lu Anhui governor was also appointed but soon abolished. In year 18, nine prefectures—Anqing, Huizhou, Ningguo, Chizhou, Taiping, Luzhou, Fengyang, Huai'an, and Yangzhou—and four directly administered prefectures (Xu, Chu, He, and Guangde) were assigned to Anhui under the left provincial administration commissioner of Jiangnan. In Kangxi 1 a governor was appointed for Anhui. In year 3 the Jiangbei provincial judge was posted separately to govern the region. In year 5 Yangzhou, Huai'an, and Xuzhou were restored to Jiangnan jurisdiction. In year 6 Jiangnan received its present name; the left commissioner became the Anhui provincial administration commission, seated at Jiangning. The right commissioner became the Jiangsu provincial administration commission, headquartered at Suzhou. It oversaw seven prefectures—Jiangning, Suzhou, Changzhou, Songjiang, Zhenjiang, Yangzhou, and Huai'an—and one directly administered prefecture, Xuzhou. In Yongzheng 2 Taicang, Pi, Hai, and Tong were each promoted to directly administered prefecture status. In year 11 Xuzhou was raised to prefectural rank and Pi was demoted again to a dependent prefecture under it. In Qianlong 25 the Anhui commission moved to Anqing and a Jiangning commission was added, taking Jiangning, Huai'an, Xuzhou, and Yangzhou prefectures plus Tong and Hai directly administered prefectures so that it administered in parallel with the Jiangsu commission. In year 32 Haimen directly administered subprefecture was created under Jiangning. In Guangxu 30 a Jianghuai governor was again appointed, stationed at Qingjiangpu. The post was soon abolished and the former arrangement restored. It measured 950 li from east to west and 1,130 li from north to south, with an area of 372,054 square li. Latitude ranged from 31°05′ to 35°10′ north. Longitude lay between 0°05′ and 5°03′ east of the capital. In Xuantong 3 there were 3,213,483 registered households and a population of 9,356,755. Its administrative units comprised eight prefectures, three directly administered prefectures, one directly administered subprefecture, three dependent prefectures, four subprefectures, and sixty counties.
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江寧府:沖,繁,難。 隸江寧道。 明,應天府。 江寧布政、交涉、提學三使,江安糧儲、江南勸業、巡警、鹽法四道,江寧將軍、副都統,織造兼督龍江西新稅關駐。 順治初,因明制,縣八。 雍正八年,改溧陽屬鎮江。 北距京師二千四百四十五里。 廣二百里,袤三百里。 北極高三十二度四分。 京師偏東二度二十八分。 領縣七。 上元沖,繁,難。 倚。 附郭有清涼山、師子山、富貴山。 北:紫金山、幕府山。 東:烏龍山、聖游山。 有硃湖洞,道書三十一洞天。 清江門內有小倉山。 石城門內冶城山。 南:大江自安徽當塗入,受秦淮河水,為草鞋夾。 左與江浦分岸,得觀音山水。 有燕子磯。 秦淮河上承句容赤山湖水,合廬山水,逕通濟門,一入江寧,一入城。 又西北流,至下關入江。 新開河東北,乾隆四十五年濬,賜名便民。 有市曰石埠橋。 又東為黃天盪。 鎮四:淳化、靖安、土橋、石步。 草鞋夾、燕子磯、棲霞街、湖熟有汛。 一驛:金陵。 淳化巡司。 有鐵路。 商埠:下關。 光緒二十一年馬關條約四埠之一。 江寧沖,繁,難。 倚。 南:聚寶山雨花台設砲台。 大江西逕下關鎮。 港七:銅井、烈山,北曰河口、綠新墅,又北大勝關,古新林浦也,西北曰北河,曰下關,分受秦淮河水。 鎮三:江寧、秣陵、金陵。 大勝、秣陵有汛。 有驛。 江寧、秣陵巡司二。 有鐵路。 句容沖,難。 府東九十里。 縣有句容山,以此名。 北:華山。 東北:銅山。 東南:茅山。 大江西來。 港二:羅絲溝、下蜀港。 赤山湖出絳岩山,秦淮水源於此,亦曰絳岩湖。 匯亭水、黃堰河、蒲里溪,曰南源,與北源合於白米湖,又西入上元。 鎮五:白土、常寧、東陽、下蜀、龍潭。 龍潭巡司。 有驛。 溧水簡。 府東南一百四十里。 南:芝山、中山一曰獨山。 東:廬山,秦淮水別源所出。 石臼湖西南,逕城北流入秦淮,明故運道也,今淤。 一驛:孔家。 江浦沖。 府西北四十里。 東北:十三公山、九連山。 西:龍洞山。 大江西南自安徽和州入,右與江寧分岸。 為口四:曰烏江,曰老西江,曰新河,曰老河。 受浦子口河,東北入六合。 滁水右瀆自安徽滁州入,亦曰後河,東與來安分岸,復盡入境,曰前河,右出支津至東葛鎮,又東北逕岔河集,會沙河入六合。 鎮三:高望、香泉、葛城。 二驛:江淮、東葛。 浦口巡司一。 江淮有驛丞,裁。 有鐵路。 六合簡。 府北一百二十里。 南:瓜步山。 西南:晉王山。 大江西南自江浦入,右與上元分岸。 折東南為通江集口支津,北抵城隍湖。 有沙洲圩砲台。 又東划子口。 滁河西自江浦入,逕皁河口,北為汊河,又南屈曲流入江。 稅課局大使駐。 鎮四:瓜步、長蘆、宣化、竹鎮。 有堂邑驛丞,裁。 瓜步巡司一。 高淳簡。 府東南二百四十里。 東:大游山。 東北:荊山。 南:固城湖,又東播為胥河。 西:丹陽湖,北接石臼湖。 有水自蕪湖東入丹陽湖,又東南入固城湖。 或云禹貢中江也。 鎮三:廣通、固城、水陽。 廣通巡司一。
Jiangning Prefecture: Vital, Busy, and Difficult. It belonged to the Jiangning circuit intendancy. Under the Ming it was Yingtian Prefecture. Stationed there were the Jiangning provincial treasurer, foreign affairs commissioner, and education commissioner; the Jiang-An grain transport, Jiangnan industrial promotion, constabulary, and salt control circuits; the Jiangning general and his deputy; and the imperial weaving office, which also supervised the Longjiang New Customs on the west. At the start of Shunzhi it followed the Ming arrangement with eight counties. In Yongzheng 8 Liyang was transferred to Zhenjiang Prefecture. It lay 2,445 li north of the capital. It measured 200 li from east to west and 300 li from north to south. Its latitude was 32°04′ north. It lay 2°28′ east of the capital. It administered seven counties. Shangyuan: Vital, Busy, and Difficult. Attached seat. Within the prefectural seat lay Qingliang, Shizi, and Fugui mountains. To the north were Purple Gold Mountain and Mufu Mountain. To the east were Wulong Mountain and Shengyou Mountain. Zhuhu Cave was listed in Daoist texts as the thirty-first grotto-heaven. Inside Qingjiang Gate stood Xiaocang Mountain. Inside Shicheng Gate stood Yecheng Mountain. To the south the Yangtze entered from Dangtu in Anhui, took in the Qinhuai, and formed Caoxie Gorge. On the left bank it bordered Jiangpu and received the waters of Guanyin Mountain. Yanziji lay along the river. The Qinhuai rose from Chishan Lake in Jurong, absorbed Lushan stream, and ran through Tongji Gate, one branch entering Jiangning and one entering the city wall. It then flowed northwest and entered the Yangtze at Xiaguan. A newly opened canal to the northeast was dredged in Qianlong 45 and named the Bianmin Canal (Convenience for the People). A market stood at Shipu Bridge. Farther east lay Huangtian Shoal. Its market towns were Chunhua, Jing'an, Tuqiao, and Shibu. Garrison posts were stationed at Caoxie Gorge, Yanziji, Qixia Street, and Hushu. It had one courier station, Jinling. A Chunhua patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Its treaty port was Xiaguan. In Guangxu 21 it became one of the four treaty ports opened under the Treaty of Shimonoseki. Jiangning: Vital, Busy, and Difficult. Attached seat. To the south, batteries were built on Yuhuatai at Jubao Mountain. The Yangtze ran directly past Xiaguan town. It had seven harbors—Tongjing and Lieshan; to the north Hekou and Lvxin Villa; farther north Dasheng Pass, the ancient Xinlin Ford; and to the northwest the North River and Xiaguan, which took separate branches of the Qinhuai. Its market towns were Jiangning, Moling, and Jinling. Garrison posts were stationed at Dasheng and Moling. It had a courier station. Two patrol offices served Jiangning and Moling. A railway line served the county. Jurong: Vital and Difficult. It lay ninety li east of the prefectural seat. The county took its name from Jurong Mountain. To the north stood Hua Mountain. To the northeast stood Tong Mountain. To the southeast stood Mao Mountain. The Yangtze approached from the east. It had two harbors, Luosi Ditch and Xiashu Harbor. Chishan Lake rose on Jiangyan Mountain and was the source of the Qinhuai; it was also called Jiangyan Lake. Huiting Stream, Huangyan River, and Puli Brook formed the southern source; with the northern source they met at Baimi Lake and then flowed west into Shangyuan. Its market towns were Baitu, Changning, Dongyang, Xiashu, and Longtan. A Longtan patrol office was established. It had a courier station. Lishui: Simple. It lay 140 li southeast of the prefectural seat. To the south were Zhi Mountain and Zhong Mountain, also known as Dushan. To the east stood Lu Mountain, source of a secondary branch of the Qinhuai. Shijiu Lake to the southwest ran north of the city wall into the Qinhuai along the Ming transport canal, now silted up. It had one courier station, Kongjia. Jiangpu: Vital. It lay forty li northwest of the prefectural seat. To the northeast were Shisangong Mountain and Jiulian Mountain. To the west stood Longdong Mountain. The Yangtze entered from the southwest at Hezhou in Anhui, with Jiangning on the right bank. It formed four mouths: Wujiang, Old Xijiang, New River, and Old River. It received the Puzikou River and flowed northeast into Liuhe. The right branch of the Chu River entered from Chuzhou in Anhui, also called the Rear River; eastward it bordered Lai'an, then ran wholly within the county as the Front River, sent a branch to Dongge town, and northeast of Chaheji joined the Sha River and entered Liuhe. Its market towns were Gaowang, Xiangquan, and Gecheng. It had two courier stations, Jianghuai and Dongge. One Pukou patrol office was established. Jianghuai once had a courier station assistant, but the post was abolished. A railway line served the county. Liuhe: Simple. It lay 120 li north of the prefectural seat. To the south stood Guabu Mountain. To the southwest stood Jinwang Mountain. The Yangtze entered from the southwest at Jiangpu, with Shangyuan on the right bank. It turned southeast as a branch at Tongjiangji mouth and reached Chenghuang Lake to the north. A fort battery stood at Shazhouwei. Further east lay Huazikou. The Chu River entered from Jiangpu in the west, passed Zaohekou, formed Chabe River to the north, then bent southward into the Yangtze. A tax bureau commissioner was stationed there. It had four market towns: Guabu, Changlu, Xuanhua, and Zhuzhen. Tangyi once had a courier station assistant, but the post was abolished. One Guabu patrol office was established. Gaochun: Simple. It lay 240 li southeast of the prefectural seat. To the east stood Dayou Mountain. To the northeast stood Jing Mountain. To the south lay Gucheng Lake, which spread eastward as the Xu River. To the west lay Danyang Lake, which connected with Shijiu Lake on the north. A stream entered Danyang Lake from Wuhu in the east, then flowed southeast into Gucheng Lake. Some identify it with the Central River described in the Yu Gong. It had three market towns: Guangtong, Gucheng, and Shuiyang. One Guangtong patrol office was established.
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淮安府:沖,繁,疲,難。 隸淮揚海道。 順治初,因明制,州二,縣九。 雍正二年,升海、邳為直隸州,贛榆、沭陽屬海,宿遷、睢寧屬邳。 九年,析山陽、鹽城地置阜寧。 南距省治五百里。 廣三百八十里,袤二百七十里。 北極高三十三度三十二分。 京師偏東二度五十二分。 領縣六。 山陽沖,繁,疲,難。 倚。 漕標副將駐。 北運河南流,烏沙、澗河諸水注之。 東六草盪,南白馬湖,匯洪澤湖水,與寶應錯,東北會於運河。 北黃河故道。 咸豐三年徙,今堰存。 河所經南北岸,設同知、管河縣丞、主簿、巡檢,弁官廢置不常。 咸豐十年裁。 板徬鎮有鈔關巡司一。 鎮二:北神、廟灣。 菱陵、高堰、楊家廟有汛。 驛一:淮陰。 驛丞裁。 阜寧繁,疲,難。 府東北一百六十里。 雍正九年置。 東北:大海。 有堰曰范公堤。 射陽湖上承苔大縱湖水,匯淮水為湖,又東流,會諸水入海。 運鹽河受射陽湖水,逕城南流,循范公堤入鹽城。 西有黃河故道。 鎮三:馬邏、北沙、蒙龍。 草堰巡司一。 鹽城繁,難。 府東南二百四十里。 東:大海。 港二:新洋、斗龍。 有新興、五佑鹽場,鹽課大使駐。 運鹽河自草堰口環城流,至便倉鎮入興化。 苔大縱湖西南與興化錯。 縣西諸水所匯。 有天妃徬,徬官裁。 小關、劉庄、新陽、沙溝有汛。 鎮九:上岡、大岡、沙溝、岡門、新河、安豐、清溝、喻口、新興。 上岡、沙溝巡司二。 清河沖,繁,疲,難。 淮揚道治所。 江北提督、總兵駐。 舊置總河,後省入總漕。 自府城徙此,光緒三年裁。 里河同知及河庫道均先後裁。 府西北三十五里。 北:清江浦。 明陳瑄開,宋沙河也。 運河西北自桃源入,歧為鹽河。 又東為中河口,水經謂之中瀆水,出山陽白馬湖。 又東迤南至清口屈而東,逕三徬,與清江浦合,東南入山陽,是為淮南運河。 南:六塘河自桃源入,東北逕劉家莊入沭陽。 鹽河東北流,逕西壩,淮安分司運判駐,乾隆二十八年移海州。 又東至周庄入安東。 西南:洪澤湖,西有黃河故道。 鎮十:王家營、洪澤、老子、西壩、漁溝、官亭、大河口、澗橋、馬頭、周橋。 王家營、馬頭、河北、漁溝有汛。 一驛:清口。 有驛丞,裁。 澗橋巡司一。 安東繁,疲,難。 府東北六十里。 西南鹽河自清河入,貫縣境,入海州,與六塘河合。 東北:一帆河自海州入,南至旗杆村。 水經,淮水東左右各合一水,至淮浦入海。 東北:黃河故道。 淮海河務兵備道駐,咸豐十年裁。 鎮三:太平、長樂、魚場口。 五港、佃湖有汛。 佃湖巡司一。 桃源沖,繁,難。 府西北一百二十里。 運河自宿遷南來,逕古城驛,入清河,歧為六塘河,一曰北鹽河,東北流入沭陽。 洪澤湖西南與清河錯。 西北有黃河故道。 鎮七:三義、河北、崔鎮、眾興、張泗沖、白洋河、赤鯉湖。 崔鎮、洋河、三義有汛。 二驛:桃源、古城。 驛丞裁。 有巡司。
Huai'an Prefecture: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It was subordinate to the Huai-Yang Maritime Circuit. At the beginning of the Shunzhi reign, under the Ming administrative framework, it comprised two subprefectures and nine counties. In Yongzheng 2, Hai and Pi were elevated to directly administered subprefectures; Ganyu and Shuyang fell under Hai, while Suqian and Suining fell under Pi. In Yongzheng 9, territory was carved from Shanyang and Yancheng to establish Funing County. It lay 500 li south of the provincial capital. It measured 380 li from east to west and 270 li from north to south. Its latitude was 33°32′ north. It lay 2°52′ east of the capital. It administered six counties. Shanyang: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Attached seat. The grain-transport banner vice commander was stationed there. The Northern Canal flowed southward, fed by the Wusha River, the Jian River, and other streams. To the east lay six grass marshes; to the south lay Baima Lake. Waters from Hongze Lake mingled with Baoying territory and joined the canal in the northeast. To the north ran the old channel of the Yellow River. The river shifted in Xianfeng 3; its old embankment still stands. Along both banks of the river were posted subprefects, river-managing county assistants, clerks, and patrol inspectors, while petty river officers were appointed and abolished on no fixed schedule. These posts were abolished in Xianfeng 10. Banpang Town had one paper-tax patrol office. It had two market towns, Beishen and Miaowan. Garrison posts were stationed at Lingling, Gaoyan, and Yangjiamiao. It had one courier station, Huaiyin. The courier station assistant post was abolished. Funing: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 160 li northeast of the prefectural seat. It was established in Yongzheng 9. To the northeast lay the sea. An embankment called the Fan Gong Dike protected the coast. Sheyang Lake received the upper waters of Taida Zong Lake, gathered the Huai into a lake, then flowed east, collecting tributaries before reaching the sea. The salt-transport canal drew from Sheyang Lake, ran south past the county seat, and followed the Fan Gong Dike into Yancheng. To the west ran the old channel of the Yellow River. It had three market towns: Maluo, Beisha, and Menglong. One Caoyan patrol office was established. Yancheng: Busy, Difficult. It lay 240 li southeast of the prefectural seat. To the east lay the sea. It had two harbors, Xinyang and Doulong. Xinxing and Wuyou salt works operated there, with a salt-tax commissioner stationed on site. The salt-transport canal entered at Caoyan mouth, encircled the city, and continued through Biancang Town into Xinghua. Taida Zong Lake mingled with Xinghua territory in the southwest. It was where the western streams of the county converged. A Tianfei bond stood there, but its bond officer post was abolished. Garrison posts were stationed at Xiaoguan, Liuzhuang, Xinyang, and Shagou. It had nine market towns: Shanggang, Dagang, Shagou, Gangmen, Xinhe, Anfeng, Qinggou, Yukou, and Xinxing. It had two patrol offices, at Shanggang and Shagou. Qinghe: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It was the seat of the Huai-Yang Circuit intendancy. The Jiangbei military governor and regional commander were stationed there. The post of Director-General of Rivers was formerly stationed here, later absorbed into the Director-General of Grain Transport. The office was moved here from the prefectural seat and abolished in Guangxu 3. The inner-canal subprefect and the canal treasury circuit were abolished in turn. It lay 35 li northwest of the prefectural seat. To the north lay Qingjiangpu. Chen Xuan opened it in the Ming; it was the Sha River of Song times. The Grand Canal entered from Taoyuan in the northwest and divided into the salt river. Farther east lay Zhonghekou; the Water Classic identifies it as Zhongdu Water, which issued from Baima Lake in Shanyang. It then wound south to Qingkou, turned east, passed three bonds, joined Qingjiangpu, and flowed southeast into Shanyang as the Huainan Grand Canal. To the south, the Liutang River entered from Taoyuan and ran northeast through Liujiazhuang into Shuyang. The salt river flowed northeast past Xiba, where the Huai'an salt subdivision transport intendant was stationed until Qianlong 28, when the post moved to Haizhou. It continued east to Zhouzhuang and entered Andong. To the southwest lay Hongze Lake; to the west ran the old channel of the Yellow River. It had ten market towns: Wangjiaying, Hongze, Laozi, Xiba, Yugou, Guanting, Dahekou, Jianqiao, Matou, and Zhouqiao. Garrison posts were stationed at Wangjiaying, Matou, Hebei, and Yugou. It had one courier station, Qingkou. It once had a courier station assistant, but the post was abolished. One Jianqiao patrol office was established. Andong: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 60 li northeast of the prefectural seat. The salt river entered from Qinghe in the southwest, crossed the county, entered Haizhou, and joined the Liutang River. To the northeast, the Yifan River entered from Haizhou and ran south to Qigan Village. The Water Classic records that east of the Huai each bank received a tributary before the combined waters reached Huaipu and entered the sea. To the northeast ran the old channel of the Yellow River. The Huai-Hai River conservancy military preparedness circuit intendant was posted here until Xianfeng 10, when the post was abolished. It had three market towns: Taiping, Changle, and Yuchangkou. Garrison posts were stationed at Wugang and Dianhu. One Dianhu patrol office was established. Taoyuan: Vital, Busy, Difficult. It lay 120 li northwest of the prefectural seat. The Grand Canal came south from Suqian, passed Gucheng courier station, entered Qinghe, and divided into the Liutang River, also called the North Salt River, which flowed northeast into Shuyang. Hongze Lake lay to the southwest, interlocking with Qinghe territory. To the northwest ran the old channel of the Yellow River. It had seven market towns: Sanyi, Hebei, Cuizhen, Zhongxing, Zhangsi Vital, Baiyang River, and Chijihu. Garrison posts were stationed at Cuizhen, Yang River, and Sanyi. It had two courier stations, Taoyuan and Gucheng. The courier station assistant post was abolished. It had a patrol office.
7
揚州府:沖,繁,疲,難。 隸淮揚海道。 兩淮鹽運使駐。 順治初,因明制,州三,縣七。 康熙十一年,海門圮于海,並通州。 雍正三年,通州升直隸州,以如皋、泰興往屬。 九年,析江都置甘泉。 乾隆三十二年,析泰州置東台。 西南距省治二百十里。 廣三百五十里,袤二百三十里。 北極高三十二度二十七分。 京師偏東二度五十六分。 領州二,縣六。 江都沖,繁,疲,難。 倚。 大江西自六合曆揚子入,東逕七濠口。 監製同知駐。 又東逕裕民洲,為夾江,歧為二。 又東為三江口,東南流,與江合。 三江口與天福洲對,設砲台,守備駐。 裁鹽務巡道。 又東逕揚子港,入泰興。 運河北入,環城南,逕新河灣,分流,西入揚子。 又南流至瓜洲口,有砲台。 總兵駐。 又東逕連城洲,分入江。 鹽河導運河水東北入泰州,白塔龍兒河水注之。 有榷關。 鎮三:瓜洲、萬壽、宜陵。 瓜洲、大橋、馬橋、沙洲有汛。 廣陵驛丞裁。 瓜洲、萬壽巡司二。 甘泉沖,繁,疲,難。 倚。 雍正九年置。 西北:蜀岡、甘泉山。 北:邵伯湖,與高郵錯。 運河合湖水南流,至壁虎橋入江都,綠洋湖、喬墅盪分流入之。 鎮三:邵伯、上官、大儀。 一驛:邵伯。 有汛。 上官、邵伯二巡司。 揚子沖,繁。 府西南七十里。 明為儀真。 雍正二年,改「真」為「徵」。 宣統元年,復曰揚子。 西北有銅山、界墩山。 南濱大江。 西自六合入,有里世洲、沙漫洲二水自林家橋、王家壩北來注之。 又西分流至泗源溝入江。 稅課大使駐。 新河出月塘集,西南流,亦入江。 一鎮:新城。 有水驛驛丞。 清江芒稻河徬官,裁。 青山、舊港、黃泥港有汛。 舊江口巡司一。 高郵州沖,繁。 府北一百二十里。 西南:神居山。 運河北逕稅務橋,鹽河西流注之。 又逕車邏壩,南澄子河注之,南匯為綠洋湖。 馬霓河東南流,入於清水潭,受運河北泄諸水,東積為草盪,三陽河南來注之。 高郵湖西北,一曰甓社湖,北接界首湖,南赤岸湖,與甘泉錯。 水高、永南有汛。 二驛:界首、孟城。 界首、時保巡司二。 興化疲,難。 府東北一百六十五里。 東:大海,有堤。 鹽河並堤流,西受界河、海溝、橫涇諸水,東出為大團河、八灶、七灶河,東北會斗龍港,入于海。 有劉庄、草堰、丁溪三場,鹽課大使駐。 北有吳公湖、苔大蹤湖,與鹽城、寶應錯。 石、白駒三徬,有徬官。 鎮三:安豐、陵亭、芙蓉。 安豐巡司一。 寶應沖,繁。 府北二百四十里。 運河北自山陽入,逕八口鋪,東溢為瓦溝溪。 又南流,逕汜水鎮,至界首,有界首湖,入高郵。 其西寶應湖,匯淮流下瀦之水。 苔大蹤湖東北,周二百里,分支入運河。 衡陽有汛。 一驛:安平,有驛丞,裁。 衡陽、槐樓巡司二。 泰州繁,疲,難。 府東一百二十里。 鹽河西自江都入,夾城東流,一曰里下河,有溱潼水注之。 至白米鎮,左通串場河,右出支津,入泰興。 又東逕海安鎮,左歧為界河,東南入如皋。 鹽河東北自東台入,西南流,逕淤溪達鰍魚港,又西南與之合。 有泰壩,泰州分司運判駐。 鮑湖東北。 鎮四:海安、安鄉、斗門、樊汊。 海安、曲塘有汛。 海安、安鄉巡司二。 東台繁,疲。 府東二百四十里。 乾隆三十二年置。 東:大海,有堤。 鹽場七:東台、何垛、梁垛,安豐、富安、角斜、拼茶。 鹽課大使駐。 又小海場大使,裁。 里下河自泰州環城北流,又東溢為支河入海。 鹽河出縣西海道徬,西南流,錯出復入,至淤溪入泰州。 水利同知駐東台場。 草堰四徬有徬官。 一鎮:西溪。 巡司裁。 王家港有汛。
Yangzhou Prefecture: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It was subordinate to the Huai-Yang Maritime Circuit intendancy. The Two Huai salt transport commissioner was stationed there. At the start of Shunzhi, following the Ming arrangement, it governed three subprefectures and seven counties. In Kangxi 11 Haimen was lost to the sea and annexed to Tongzhou. In Yongzheng 3 Tongzhou was elevated to a directly administered subprefecture, with Rugao and Taixing transferred to its jurisdiction. In year 9 Ganquan was carved out of Jiangdu. In Qianlong 32 Dongtai was carved out of Taizhou. It lay 210 li southwest of the provincial capital. It measured 350 li across and 230 li from north to south. Its north polar altitude was 32°27′. It lay 2°56′ east of the capital meridian. It governed two subprefectures and six counties. Jiangdu: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Attached seat. The Yangtze entered from the west at Liuhe, passed through Yangzi, and ran east past Qihai Mouth. The supervisory manufacture subprefect was stationed there. It continued east past Yumin Prefecture as a channel river and divided into two branches. Farther east lay Sanjiang Mouth, where the stream flowed southeast to rejoin the Yangtze. Sanjiang Mouth faced Tianfu Prefecture, where a gun battery was built and a garrison commandant was posted. The salt affairs patrol circuit was abolished. It continued east past Yangzi Port and entered Taixing. The Grand Canal entered from the north, looped south of the city, passed Xinhe Bay, divided, and flowed west into the Yangzi. It then flowed south to Guazhou Mouth, where a gun battery stood. A regional commander was stationed there. It continued east past Liancheng Prefecture and split into the Yangtze. The salt river drew Grand Canal water northeast into Taizhou, where Baita Long'er River joined it. It had a transit duty barrier. It had three market towns: Guazhou, Wanshou, and Yiling. Garrison posts were stationed at Guazhou, Daqiao, Maqiao, and Shazhou. The Guangling courier station assistant post was abolished. It had two patrol offices, at Guazhou and Wanshou. Ganquan: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Attached seat. It was established in Yongzheng 9. To the northwest lay Shugang and Ganquan Mountain. To the north lay Shaobo Lake, interlocking with Gaoyou territory. The Grand Canal joined lake waters flowing south to Bihu Bridge in Jiangdu, with Luyang Lake and Qiaoshu Pond feeding in by branch streams. It had three market towns: Shaobo, Shangguan, and Dayi. It had one courier station, Shaobo. A garrison post was stationed there. It had two patrol offices, at Shangguan and Shaobo. Yangzi: Vital, Busy. It lay 70 li southwest of the prefectural seat. Under the Ming it was called Yizhen. In Yongzheng 2 the character zhen was changed to zheng. In Xuantong 1 it was again named Yangzi. To the northwest lay Tong Mountain and Jiedun Mountain. To the south it bordered the Yangtze. The river entered from Liuhe in the west; the Lishi and Shaman streams flowed in from the north at Linjia Bridge and Wangjiaba. A western branch split off to Siyuan Ditch and entered the Yangtze. A tax levy commissioner was stationed there. Xin River issued from Yuetang Market, flowed southwest, and also entered the Yangtze. It had one market town, Xincheng. It had a water courier station assistant. The Qingjiang mangdao river bond official was abolished. Garrison posts were stationed at Qingshan, Jiugang, and Huangnigang. One Jiujiang Mouth patrol office was established. Gaoyou Subprefecture: Vital, Busy. It lay 120 li north of the prefectural seat. To the southwest lay Shenju Mountain. The Grand Canal ran north past Tax Affairs Bridge, where the Salt River flowed in from the west. It continued past Cheluo Dam, where Chengzi River joined from the south and pooled into Luyang Lake. Mani River flowed southeast into Qingshui Pool, taking canal overflow from the north; eastward it formed a grass marsh fed by Sanyang River from the south. Gaoyou Lake lay to the northwest, also called Bise Lake; northward it joined Jieshou Lake, and southward Chian Lake interlocked with Ganquan territory. Garrison posts were stationed at Shuigao and Yongnan. It had two courier stations, Jieshou and Mengcheng. It had two patrol offices, at Jieshou and Shibao. Xinghua: Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 165 li northeast of the prefectural seat. To the east lay the sea, protected by a dike. The salt river ran along the dike, taking Jie River, Haigou, and Hengjing from the west; eastward it became Datuan River and the Bazao and Qizao channels, then met Doulong Port in the northeast and entered the sea. It had three salt fields at Liuzhuang, Caoyan, and Dingxi, where a salt levy commissioner was posted. To the north lay Wugong Lake and Taidazong Lake, interlocking with Yancheng and Baoying territory. It had three bonds at Shi and Baiju, each with a bond official. It had three market towns: Anfeng, Lingting, and Furong. One Anfeng patrol office was established. Baoying: Vital, Busy. It lay 240 li north of the prefectural seat. The Grand Canal entered from Shanyang in the north, passed Bakou Post, and overflowed eastward as Wagou Stream. It flowed south past Sishui town to Jieshou, where Jieshou Lake lay before the waters entered Gaoyou. To the west Baoying Lake held the impounded waters below the Huai. Taidazong Lake lay to the northeast with a circumference of 200 li and sent branches into the Grand Canal. A garrison post was stationed at Hengyang. It had one courier station, Anping, which once had an assistant but the post was abolished. It had two patrol offices, at Hengyang and Huailou. Taizhou: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 120 li east of the prefectural seat. The salt river entered from Jiangdu in the west, ran east along the city wall as the Lixia River, and received Qintong Stream. At Baimi town it joined Chuanchang River on the left while a branch channel on the right entered Taixing. It continued east past Hai'an town, where a left branch became Jie River and flowed southeast into Rugao. The salt river entered from Dongtai in the northeast, flowed southwest past Yuxi to Qiuyu Port, and rejoined the main stream farther southwest. It had Taiba, where the Taizhou salt subdivision transport intendant was posted. Bao Lake lay to the northeast. It had four market towns: Hai'an, Anxiang, Doumen, and Fancha. Garrison posts were stationed at Hai'an and Qutang. It had two patrol offices, at Hai'an and Anxiang. Dongtai: Busy, Exhausted. It lay 240 li east of the prefectural seat. It was established in Qianlong 32. To the east lay the sea, protected by a dike. It had seven salt fields: Dongtai, Heduo, Liangduo, Anfeng, Fu'an, Jiaoxie, and Pincha. A salt levy commissioner was stationed there. The Xiaohai field commissioner was also abolished. The Lixia River looped north around Taizhou, then overflowed eastward in branches that reached the sea. The salt river issued from the western maritime bond, flowed southwest in and out of the county, and re-entered Taizhou at Yuxi. The hydraulic works subprefect was posted at the Dongtai salt field. The four Caoyan bonds each had a bond official. It had one market town, Xixi. The patrol office was abolished. A garrison post was stationed at Wangjia Port.
8
徐州府:要,沖,繁,難。 隸淮徐道。 徐州鎮總兵駐。 順治初為直隸州。 領蕭、碭山、豐、沛。 雍正十一年,升府。 置銅山縣。 又以降直隸邳州來隸,及所領宿遷、睢寧。 東南距省治七百三十里。 廣三百二十里,袤一百八十里。 北極高三十四度五分。 京師偏東五十八分。 領州一,縣七。 銅山沖,繁,難。 倚。 雍正十一年置。 東北有銅山,故名。 微山湖,東北出為荊山河,即引河,一曰徐州河,承湖水至卞塘入邳州,與運河合。 資河一曰奎河,東南流入蕭縣。 黃河故道西北。 一鎮:卞塘。 鄭集三堡有汛。 利國、東岸二驛,驛丞裁。 雙溝、利國巡司二。 蕭簡,難。 府西五十里。 南:丁公山。 西:岱山。 西北為岱山湖。 又東南有龍山河。 資河自銅山入,東南逕軸山西,左出支津入靈壁,正渠入宿州。 其西望川湖,逕大海子東,亦入宿。 鎮二:白土、永安。 一驛:桃山。 張山店巡司一。 碭山沖,繁,疲,難。 府西北一百六十里。 東北:芒碭山。 利民溝一曰小神湖,東南流,屈而西,入永城。 西沙河,西南逕鼎新集,入河南夏邑。 城北為黃河故道。 周家寨、蟠龍集有汛。 豐簡。 府西北一百五十里。 東南:華山。 新開河北流逕章固鎮,又北入魚台。 舊濬以導黃河,今堤存。 豐水一曰泡河,班志泡水也,入泗,湮。 一鎮:吳康。 沛沖。 府西北一百二十里。 西:七山。 有棲山圩,乾隆四十六年河決,縣沒,徙此。 四十七年建城。 咸豐元年河決,城復沒,遷夏鎮。 十一年仍還舊治。 東:微山湖。 西有聶庄鋪小河口。 運河自滕入,屈曲流入湖。 泗水自山東魚台入,亦曰南清河,受金溝水,為金溝渡,東合三河口水,自此入運。 有彭口、楊庄二徬。 徬官裁。 夏鎮、棲山圩有汛。 夏陽巡司一。 邳州沖,難。 府東北一百五十里。 舊治下邳。 康熙二十八年遷治艾山南。 七年河決,移今治。 雍正三年升直隸州。 十一年來屬。 南:葛嶧山,即距山。 北:艾山、石埠山。 西北:黃石山。 運河自嶧錯入,逕泇口,岔河東北注之。 至徐塘口合徐川河水,又南合沂水,入宿遷。 武河,古武水,一曰治水,左通沂河,右入武原水,復出數支津,與燕子、柴溝等併入運。 武原水即泇河,自蘭山入,東會沂水,達宿遷之黃墩湖,入黃河。 城南有黃河故道。 鎮三:直河、新安、泇口。 姚灣、泇口有汛。 舊城巡司一。 宿遷沖,繁,難。 府東一百里。 北:司峿山、馬陵山。 東:五華峰。 南:斗山。 運河自邳州入,南合六塘河水,入桃源。 西北:駱馬湖,匯沂河、山澗諸水為巨浸。 北:沭河自郯城入,南得桃花澗水,再錯沭陽,折東北,逕燕集圩仍入之。 西南:故黃河,有堤。 鎮三:白洋河、小河口、邵店。 順河、司峿有汛。 二驛:鍾吾、司峿。 鍾吾有驛丞,裁。 司峿巡司一。 睢寧簡。 府東南一百二十里。 有池山、官山。 西:九頂山。 西南:峰山、荊山、英公山。 東南:池山。 白塘河出小李集,東南流,合沈家河,即今涸沙河,東入宿遷。 又潼水,水經注所謂潼陂水入睢者,湮。 鎮二:高紹、辛安。
Xuzhou Prefecture: Important, Vital, Busy, Difficult. It was subordinate to the Huai-Xu Circuit intendancy. The Xuzhou garrison regional commander was stationed there. At the start of Shunzhi it was a directly administered subprefecture. It governed Xiao, Dangshan, Feng, and Pei counties. In Yongzheng 11 it was elevated to a prefecture. Tongshan County was established. The demoted directly administered Pizhou was also placed under it, along with Suqian and Suining. It lay 730 li southeast of the provincial capital. It measured 320 li across and 180 li from north to south. Its north polar altitude was 34°05′. It lay 58′ east of the capital meridian. It governed one subprefecture and seven counties. Tongshan: Vital, Busy, Difficult. Attached seat. It was established in Yongzheng 11. Tong Mountain to the northeast gave the county its name. Weishan Lake sent the Jingshan River northeast as the diversion channel, also called Xuzhou River, which carried lake water to Biantang in Pizhou and joined the Grand Canal. Zi River, also called Kui River, flowed southeast into Xiao County. The old Yellow River channel lay to the northwest. It had one market town, Biantang. Garrison posts were stationed at the three Zhengji forts. It had two courier stations, Liguo and Dong'an, but the assistant post was abolished. It had two patrol offices, at Shuangou and Liguo. Xiao: Simple, Difficult. It lay 50 li west of the prefectural seat. To the south lay Dinggong Mountain. To the west lay Dai Mountain. To the northwest lay Dai Mountain Lake. Farther southeast lay Longshan River. Zi River entered from Tongshan, ran southeast past the west of Zhou Mountain, sent a left branch into Lingbi, and its main channel entered Suzhou. To the west Wangchuan Lake passed east of Dahai Pond and also entered Suzhou. It had two market towns: Baitu and Yong'an. It had one courier station, Taoshan. One Zhangshandian patrol office was established. Dangshan: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 160 li northwest of the prefectural seat. To the northeast lay Mangdang Mountain. Limin Ditch, also called Xiaoshen Lake, flowed southeast, bent west, and entered Yongcheng. Xi Sha River ran southwest past Dingxin Market into Xiayi in Henan. North of the city ran the old Yellow River channel. Garrison posts were stationed at Zhoujiazhai and Panlongji. Feng: Simple. It lay 150 li northwest of the prefectural seat. To the southeast lay Hua Mountain. Xinkai River flowed north past Zhanggu town and continued into Yutai. It was once dredged to divert the Yellow River; the dike still stands. Feng River, also called Pao River in Ban Gu's Gazetteer, once entered the Si but is now silted up. It had one market town, Wukang. Pei: Vital. It lay 120 li northwest of the prefectural seat. To the west lay the Seven Mountains. It had Qishan embankment; in Qianlong 46 a river breach submerged the county and the seat was moved here. The city was built in year 47. In Xianfeng 1 another breach submerged the city again and the seat moved to Xia Town. In year 11 it returned to the former seat. To the east lay Weishan Lake. To the west lay the small river mouth at Niezhuang Post. The Grand Canal entered from Teng, wound about, and flowed into the lake. Si River entered from Yutai in Shandong as the South Qing River, took Jingou Stream at Jingou Ford, joined Sanhekou water to the east, and from there entered the Grand Canal. It had two bonds at Pengkou and Yangzhuang. The bond officials were abolished. Garrison posts were stationed at Xia Town and Qishan embankment. One Xiayang patrol office was established. Pizhou: Vital, Difficult. It lay 150 li northeast of the prefectural seat. Its former seat was at Xiapi. In Kangxi 28 the seat was moved south of Ai Mountain. In year 7 a river breach forced the move to the present seat. In Yongzheng 3 it was elevated to a directly administered subprefecture. In year 11 it was placed under Xuzhou. To the south lay Geyi Mountain, also called Ju Mountain. To the north lay Ai Mountain and Shibu Mountain. To the northwest lay Huangshi Mountain. The Grand Canal entered from Yi territory, passed Jia Mouth, and received a northeast branch channel. At Xutang Mouth it joined Xuchuan River, then Yi River farther south, and entered Suqian. Wu River, the ancient Wu stream also called Zhishui, linked Yi River on the left and Wuyuan water on the right, then sent out branches that joined the Grand Canal with Yanzi, Chaigou, and other channels. Wuyuan water is Jia River, which entered from Lanshan, met Yi River to the east, reached Huangdun Lake in Suqian, and entered the Yellow River. South of the city ran the old Yellow River channel. It had three market towns: Zhihe, Xin'an, and Jiakou. Garrison posts were stationed at Yaowan and Jiakou. One Jiucheng patrol office was established. Suqian: Vital, Busy, Difficult. It lay 100 li east of the prefectural seat. To the north lay Simiao Mountain and Maling Mountain. To the east lay Wuhua Peak. To the south lay Dou Mountain. The Grand Canal entered from Pizhou, joined Liutang River to the south, and entered Taoyuan. To the northwest Luoma Lake gathered Yi River and mountain streams into a vast sheet of water. To the north Shu River entered from Tancheng, took Taohua Stream from the south, crossed Shuyang, turned northeast through Yanji embankment, and re-entered the county. To the southwest lay the former Yellow River course, protected by a dike. It had three market towns: Baiyang River, Xiaohekou, and Shaodian. Garrison posts were stationed at Shunhe and Simiao. It had two courier stations, Zhongwu and Simiao. Zhongwu once had a courier station assistant, but the post was abolished. One Simiao patrol office was established. Suining: Simple. It lay 120 li southeast of the prefectural seat. It had Chi Mountain and Guan Mountain. To the west lay Jiuding Mountain. To the southwest lay Feng Mountain, Jing Mountain, and Yinggong Mountain. To the southeast lay Chi Mountain. Baitang River issued from Xiaoli Market, flowed southeast, joined Shenjia River as the present dried Sha River, and entered Suqian to the east. Tong Stream, the Tongbei water entering Sui noted in the Water Classic Commentary, is now silted up. It had two market towns: Gaoshao and Xin'an.
9
通州直隸州:繁,難。 隸常鎮通海道。 順治初,因明制,屬揚州府。 縣一,海門。 康熙十一年,縣省。 雍正二年,升直隸州,割揚州府之如皋、泰興來屬。 西距省治五百三十里。 廣三百里,袤百三十里。 北極高三十二度三分。 京師偏東四度十一分。 領縣二。 東:軍山、劍山。 西:黃泥山、馬鞍山,五峰並峙。 東北:天竺山。 南:狼山,設砲台。 狼山鎮總兵駐。 東北:大海,產鹽,置場五:呂四、餘東、餘西、金沙、石港,鹽課大使駐。 又馬塘、餘中二場,乾隆元年裁。 西亭場,三十三年裁。 通州分司運判駐石港,稅課大使亦駐。 南:大江西自如皋入,東行達老洪港,會于海。 鹽河自如皋西入江,東分流,循城而南,又東入于海。 鎮二:狼山、石港。 石港、金沙、餘東、呂四有汛。 狼山巡司裁。 呂東巡司一。 如皋繁,難。 州西北一百二十里。 東,瀕海。 鹽場二:豐利、掘港。 鹽課大使駐。 大江西自靖江入,又東入通州,北通運鹽河。 河西北自泰州入,循城南,分為二。 一南流入江。 一東逕丁堰,又分流,至岔河,為鹽場諸水。 又南流,逕白蒲鎮入通州。 鎮四:丁堰、掘港、豐利、白蒲。 馬塘、豐利有汛。 主簿駐掘港。 西場、石庄巡司二。 泰興疲,難。 州西二百四十里。 大江西北自江都入,右與丹徒分岸,為廟港。 納李薛河,又南與丹陽分岸,東至界港。 界河自靖江緣界而西入之,又東入靖江,分支為老龍河,至黃橋,折南注界河。 黃橋有汛。 口岸、黃橋、印庄,巡司三。
Tongzhou Directly Administered Subprefecture: Busy, Difficult. It was subordinate to the Chang-Jiang-Tong Maritime Circuit intendancy. At the start of Shunzhi, following the Ming arrangement, it belonged to Yangzhou Prefecture. It governed one county, Haimen. In Kangxi 11 the county was abolished. In Yongzheng 2 it was elevated to a directly administered subprefecture, with Rugao and Taixing transferred from Yangzhou Prefecture. It lay 530 li west of the provincial capital. It measured 300 li across and 130 li from north to south. Its north polar altitude was 32°03′. It lay 4°11′ east of the capital meridian. It governed two counties. To the east lay Jun Mountain and Jian Mountain. To the west Huangni Mountain and Ma'an Mountain rose with five peaks standing side by side. To the northeast lay Tianzhu Mountain. To the south lay Lang Mountain, where a gun battery was built. The Lang Mountain garrison regional commander was stationed there. To the northeast lay the sea, which yielded salt; five fields were established at Lüsi, Yudong, Yuxi, Jinsha, and Shigang, where a salt levy commissioner was posted. The Matang and Yuzhong fields were also abolished in Qianlong 1. The Xiting field was abolished in year 33. The Tongzhou salt subdivision transport intendant was posted at Shigang, where a tax levy commissioner was also stationed. To the south the Yangtze entered from Rugao in the west, ran east to Lao Hong Port, and met the sea. The salt river entered the Yangtze west of Rugao, divided eastward, ran south along the city wall, and continued east into the sea. It had two market towns: Lang Mountain and Shigang. Garrison posts were stationed at Shigang, Jinsha, Yudong, and Lüsi. The Lang Mountain patrol office was abolished. One Lüdong patrol office was established. Rugao: Busy, Difficult. It lay 120 li northwest of the subprefectural seat. To the east it bordered the sea. It had two salt fields: Fengli and Juegang. A salt levy commissioner was stationed there. The Yangtze entered from Jingjiang in the west, continued east into Tongzhou, and linked the transport salt river to the north. The river entered from Taizhou in the northwest, ran along the south of the city, and divided in two. One branch flowed south into the Yangtze. The other ran east past Dingyan, divided again at Chahe, and fed the salt-field waterways. It then flowed south past Baipu town into Tongzhou. It had four market towns: Dingyan, Juegang, Fengli, and Baipu. Garrison posts were stationed at Matang and Fengli. A recorder was posted at Juegang. It had two patrol offices, at Xichang and Shizhuang. Taixing: Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 240 li west of the subprefectural seat. The Yangtze entered from Jiangdu in the northwest, with Dantu on the right bank at Miaogang. It took in Li-Xue River, then ran south along the boundary with Danyang east to Jiegang. Jie River entered along the Jingjiang boundary from the west, continued east into Jingjiang, branched as Laolong River to Huangqiao, and bent south back into Jie River. A garrison post was stationed at Huangqiao. It had three patrol offices, at Kou'an, Huangqiao, and Yinzhuang.
10
海州直隸州:繁,難。 隸淮揚海道。 順治初,因明制,屬淮安府。 縣一。 雍正二年升直隸州,又割淮安府之沭陽來屬。 西南距省治八百二十里。 廣百七十五里,袤百九十里。 北極高三十四度二十三分。 京師偏東二度五十六分。 領縣二。 東北:雲台山,瀕海。 東:高公島。 西:金墅汛,設砲台。 北:鴨島、竹島。 東北:鷹游山。 鹽場三:中正、臨興、板浦。 鹽課大使駐。 又白駒、莞瀆二場,乾隆元年裁。 海州分司運判駐板浦,有太平局、中富局、大義甿、富民甿、中興甿鹽垣。 鹽河自安東入,逕新安鎮,合南北六塘河入海,其東支津與海通。 西南:青伊湖、碩頃湖,北播為薔薇河。 南有一帆河,受鹽河水入安東。 鎮五:板浦、高橋、莞瀆、石湫、新壩。 板浦、房山、吳家集有汛。 高橋、惠澤巡司二。 贛榆難。 州北八十里。 北:吳山。 西:徐山、界山。 東:蘭山。 南:泊船山、武強山。 東,瀕海,自山東日照入,有秦山望海墩,設砲台。 大沙河自郯城、青口河自莒,南流入海。 興庄河水出西北吳山中。 鎮四:臨洪、青口、荻水口、中岡站。 青口巡司一。 乾隆十六年,省荻水司改。 沭陽難。 州西南一百二十里。 西北:張倉山。 東北:韓山、萬山。 沭河,古漣水,自宿遷入,東流為新挑河。 後河循城東北入青伊湖,又南與沙礓河合,逕陽溝,六塘水注之,達于海。 鎮六:湯溝、侯鎮、華沖、高流、陰平、劉庄。 吳家集有汛。 縣丞駐高流。
Haizhou Directly Administered Subprefecture: Busy, Difficult. It was subordinate to the Huai-Yang Maritime Circuit intendancy. At the start of Shunzhi, following the Ming arrangement, it belonged to Huai'an Prefecture. It governed one county. In Yongzheng 2 it was elevated to a directly administered subprefecture, with Shuyang transferred from Huai'an Prefecture. It lay 820 li southwest of the provincial capital. It measured 175 li across and 190 li from north to south. Its north polar altitude was 34°23′. It lay 2°56′ east of the capital meridian. It governed two counties. To the northeast lay Yuntai Mountain on the coast. To the east lay Gaogong Island. To the west lay Jinshu garrison post, where a gun battery was built. To the north lay Duck Island and Bamboo Island. To the northeast lay Yingyou Mountain. It had three salt fields: Zhongzheng, Linxing, and Banpu. A salt levy commissioner was stationed there. The Baiju and Guandu fields were also abolished in Qianlong 1. The Haizhou salt subdivision transport intendant was posted at Banpu, which had Taiping Bureau, Zhongfu Bureau, and the Dayi, Fumin, and Zhongxing salt pans. The salt river entered from Andong, passed Xin'an town, joined the north and south Liutang channels to reach the sea, and its eastern branches linked to the coast. To the southwest lay Qingyi Lake and Shuoking Lake, which spread northward as Qiangwei River. To the south Yifan River took salt-river water into Andong. It had five market towns: Banpu, Gaoqiao, Guandu, Shijiu, and Xinba. Garrison posts were stationed at Banpu, Fangshan, and Wujiaji. Two patrol offices were established: Gaoqiao and Huize. Ganyu: Difficult. It lay 80 li north of the subprefecture. To the north lay Wu Mountain. To the west lay Xu Mountain and Jie Mountain. To the east lay Lan Mountain. To the south lay Bochuan Mountain and Wuqiang Mountain. To the east it fronted the sea, entering from Rizhao in Shandong; Qin Mountain Wanghai Mound stood there with a fort battery. Dasha River from Tancheng and Qingkou River from Ju flowed south into the sea. Xingzhuang River rose in Wu Mountain to the northwest. It had four market towns: Linhong, Qingkou, Dishuikou, and Zhonggang Station. One Qingkou patrol office was established. In Qianlong 16 the Dishui patrol office was abolished and reorganized. Shuyang: Difficult. It lay 120 li southwest of the subprefecture. To the northwest lay Zhangcang Mountain. To the northeast lay Han Mountain and Wan Mountain. Shu River, the ancient Lian stream, entered from Suqian and flowed east as the new Tiao River. The rear channel ran northeast of the city into Qingyi Lake, then south joined Shajiang River, passed Yang Ditch, received Liutang water, and reached the sea. It had six market towns: Tangou, Hou Town, Huachong, Gaoliu, Yinping, and Liuzhuang. A garrison post was stationed at Wujiaji. The assistant magistrate was stationed at Gaoliu.
11
海門直隸廳:沖,繁。 隸常鎮通海道。 舊本沙洲。 乾隆初,設沙務同知。 三十三年,割通州之安慶、南安十九沙,崇明之半洋、富民十一沙,及天南沙,置廳。 移蘇州府海防同知來治。 西距省治五百七十里。 廣一百四十里,袤三十七里。 北極高三十一度五十五分。 京師偏東四度四十五分。 東南,瀕海。 西,大江,西南自通州入,右與昭文分岸。 又東錯崇明,折東北,由界洪復入,東南至蓼角嘴入海。 白茆口為江海潮所會。 界河承海水西流,環治而南,入於江。
Haimen Directly Administered Subprefecture: Vital, Busy. It was subordinate to the Chang-Jiang-Tong Maritime Circuit intendancy. It was originally a sandbank islet. Early in the Qianlong reign a sand-administration subprefect was appointed. In year 33 nineteen sandbanks of Anqing and Nan'an from Tongzhou, eleven sandbanks of Banyang and Fumin from Chongming, and Tiannan Sand were carved out to establish the subprefecture. The Suzhou Prefecture coastal-defense subprefect was transferred to administer it. It lay 570 li west of the provincial seat. It measured 140 li across and 37 li long. Its north polar altitude was 31°55′. It lay 4°45′ east of the capital meridian. To the southeast it fronted the sea. To the west lay the Yangtze, which entered from Tongzhou in the southwest and on the right formed a shared bank with Zhaowen. It then crossed east of Chongming, turned northeast, re-entered through Jiehong, and reached the sea at Liaojiaozui in the southeast. Baimao Mouth was where river and sea tides converged. Jie River took seawater flowing west, encircled the seat to the south, and entered the Yangtze.
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蘇州府:最要。 沖,繁,疲,難。 分巡蘇州道治所。 江蘇布政、提學、提法三使,巡警、勸業二道,織造兼督滸墅榷關駐。 雍正八年,按察使自江寧移此。 宣統二年改提法使。 順治初,因明制,州一,縣七。 雍正二年,升太倉為直隸州,割崇明、嘉定屬之。 又析長洲置元和,崑山置新陽,常熟置昭文,吳江置震澤。 乾隆元年,又設太湖廳。 光緒三十年,設靖湖廳,隸府。 北距京師二千七百里。 廣二百里,袤二百四十里。 北極高三十一度二十三分。 京師偏東四度一分。 領廳二,縣九。 太湖廳府西南九十八里。 乾隆元年置,移吳江同里撫民同知來駐,治洞庭東山。 東山一曰胥母山,有莫釐峰。 太湖環廳治,積三萬六千頃。 天目山水西南自浙之臨安、餘杭合苕、霅溪水,至大錢口; 其西合宣、歙諸山水,逕長興箬溪,至小梅口,與宜興、荊溪諸縣水,西北匯為湖。 又東北,播為吳淞江。 又東為澱山湖,達黃浦入于海。 甪頭、下揚灣村巡司二。 靖湖廳簡。 光緒三十年置,設撫民通判,治洞庭西山。 有縹緲峰。 吳沖,繁,疲,難。 倚。 南:橫山。 西:皋峰、姑蘇靈岩山。 東南:香山。 西南有天平、楞伽、靈岩、穹窿、鄧尉諸山。 西北:運河自浙江秀水歷吳江、元和入,受太湖水,自胥口東逕木瀆,與光福塘、箭涇諸水會,又逕跨塘至胥門,越來溪注之。 北出為橫塘,與縣南鯰魚口水併入運河。 商埠,城南青陽場,馬關條約四埠之一。 鎮三:橫塘、橫涇、木瀆。 縣丞駐木瀆。 光福巡司一。 乾隆十一年,省木瀆司改。 長洲沖,繁,疲,難。 倚。 西:高景山。 西北:卑猶山。 西:運河自吳入,有寒山汛。 西北逕射瀆,會金墅港水,又西北入無錫。 射瀆水東出為長盪,滸墅、烏角、白鶴諸溪並與運河合。 婁江支津自元和緣界入,東北,左溢為尚澤盪,右陽城、西湖,北後湖,逕南盪,逕陸港折東入新陽。 滸墅有榷關。 鎮三:陸墓、蠡口、望亭。 滸墅、黃埭有汛。 吳塔巡司一。 有鐵路。 元和沖,繁,疲,難。 倚。 雍正二年置。 東北:維亭山。 西有虎丘。 唐白居易鑿渠南達運河,今謂之山塘。 東南:江寧山。 吳淞江自吳江北迤東入新陽。 運河亦自其縣入。 其南:澄湖,溢為蕭淀湖,又東南為長白諸盪。 尹山湖,縣東南。 其北:獨墅湖,有黃天盪。 又陽城湖東北西湖跨長洲。 中湖、東湖俱與新陽錯。 鎮二:甪直、維亭。 沙河、周庄、章練塘有汛。 二驛:姑蘇、望亭。 縣丞二,駐甪直、章練塘。 周庄巡司一。 有鐵路。 崑山疲,難。 府東七十里。 吳淞江東逕三江口,屈曲流入青浦。 南有澱山湖,北溢為棋盤盪、陳墓盪,又北白蓮湖,歧為商羊潭、楊氏田湖,逕直港與吳淞合。 致和塘水自元和環城流,東會新洋江入太倉。 鎮三:安亭、泗橋、蓬閬。 石浦巡司一。 有鐵路。 新陽疲,難。 府東七十里。 雍正二年置。 西北; 崑山、綽墩山。 吳淞江自元和東入,復錯出。 新洋江一曰新陽江,納吳淞水,北入致和塘。 有傀儡湖、鰻鯉湖、巴城湖、雉城湖。 巴城、雉城今湮。 一鎮:兵墟。 大王廟有汛。 巴城巡司一。 有鐵路。 常熟繁,疲,難。 府北九十里。 蘇松糧儲道駐。 乾隆三十二年移省。 北:大江。 福山與隔江狼山對,設砲台,總兵駐。 西北:崇德山、河陽山。 西南:宛山。 北:大江自江陰入,左與通州分岸,有捍海塘。 元和塘水即運河,自長洲入,北逕福山塘。 又黃泗浦水西北流,併入江。 東北:大海。 有塘。 東南:昆承湖,一名隱湖,與尚湖相對,亦曰八字湖。 鎮二:慶安、福山。 鹿苑、唐市有汛。 黃泗浦巡司一。 昭文繁,難。 府北九十里。 雍正二年,析常熟東境置。 東北:大江自常熟入,又東入太倉。 其港口以許浦、白茆為大。 白茆受吳中諸水。 許浦北海舶出入長江道,此為深水。 針路、白茆、許浦,及茜涇、下張七鴉,宋為崑山、常熟五大浦。 自白茆岳廟起,北至周涇口入江,長二千九百丈,亦名里睦塘。 鎮二:梅李、許浦。 薛家沙、支塘、徐六涇有汛。 白茆巡司一。 吳江沖,繁,難。 府南四十里。 北:吳淞江,鯰魚口水北流入之。 運河二源,一南塘河,一官塘河,東匯為諸盪,與汾湖合。 龐山湖東受太湖水,溢為九里湖,又東同里湖,其南為葉澤湖,有元鶴、韓郎盪。 鶯脰湖,縣南。 鎮三:簡村、八赤、盛澤。 同里有汛。 一驛:松陵。 縣丞駐盛澤。 汾湖、同里巡司二。 震澤繁,難。 府南四十里。 雍正二年置。 東臨運河,自吳江入,至平望鎮,西塘河來會。 西臨太湖,合諸港漾水注唐家湖,東入吳江。 橫塘西導烏程諸水,歧為三,東與鶯脰湖會。 橫塘之西曰震澤塘,東曰梅堰塘,為孔道。 鎮二:平望、嚴幕。 震澤有汛。 平望、震澤巡司二。
Suzhou Prefecture: Foremost Importance. Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Seat of the Suzhou circuit intendant. The Jiangsu provincial treasurer, education commissioner, and judicial commissioner, the patrol-police and industry-promotion circuits, and the weaving commissioner who also supervised the Hushu transit office were stationed there. In Yongzheng 8 the surveillance commissioner was moved here from Jiangning. In Xuantong 2 the post was renamed judicial commissioner. At the beginning of Shunzhi, following the Ming system, it had one subprefecture and seven counties. In Yongzheng 2 Taicang was elevated to a directly administered subprefecture, and Chongming and Jiading were placed under it. Changzhou was split to establish Yuanhe, Kunshan to establish Xinyang, Changshu to establish Zhaowen, and Wujiang to establish Zhenze. In Qianlong 1 the Taihu Subprefecture was also established. In Guangxu 30 Jinghu Subprefecture was established under the prefecture. It lay 2,700 li north of the capital. It measured 200 li across and 240 li long. Its north polar altitude was 31°23′. It lay 4°01′ east of the capital meridian. It governed two subprefectures and nine counties. Taihu Subprefecture lay 98 li southwest of the prefectural seat. Established in Qianlong 1, the Wujiang Tongli pacification subprefect was transferred to administer Dongshan on Lake Dongting. Dongshan, also called Xumu Mountain, had Moli Peak. Taihu encircled the subprefectural seat, covering 36,000 qing. Tianmu Mountain waters from Lin'an and Yuhang in Zhejiang joined the Tiao and She streams in the southwest and reached Daqian Mouth; to the west it joined waters from Xuancheng and Shezhou, passed Changxing Ruoxi to Xiaomei Mouth, and with streams from Yixing, Jingxi, and other counties gathered northwest into the lake. Farther northeast it spread as Wusong River. Farther east it became Dianshan Lake, reached the Huangpu, and entered the sea. Two patrol offices were established: Lutou and Xiayangwan Village. Jinghu Subprefecture: Simple. Established in Guangxu 30, a pacification subprefect was appointed to administer Xishan on Lake Dongting. It had Piaomiao Peak. Wu: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Attached seat. To the south lay Heng Mountain. To the west lay Gaofeng and Gusu Lingyan Mountain. To the southeast lay Xiang Mountain. To the southwest lay Tianping, Lengjia, Lingyan, Qionglong, Dengwei, and other mountains. To the northwest the Grand Canal from Xiushui in Zhejiang passed through Wujiang and Yuanhe, took Taihu water, ran east from Xukou through Mudu, joined Guangfu Pond, Jianjing, and other channels, passed Kuatang to Xumen, and received Yuelai Creek. Northward it issued as Hengtang and, with Nianyu Mouth water south of the county, rejoined the Grand Canal. Its treaty port was Qingyang Field south of the city, one of the four ports opened under the Treaty of Shimonoseki. It had three market towns: Hengtang, Hengjing, and Mudu. The assistant magistrate was stationed at Mudu. One Guangfu patrol office was established. In Qianlong 11 the Mudu patrol office was abolished and reorganized. Changzhou: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Attached seat. To the west lay Gaojing Mountain. To the northwest lay Beiyou Mountain. To the west the Grand Canal entered from Wu, with a garrison post at Hanshan. Northwest it passed Shedu, joined Jinshu Port water, and entered Wuxi farther northwest. Shedu water issued east as Changdang, and Hushu, Wujiao, Baihe, and other streams all joined the Grand Canal. A Lou River branch from Yuanhe entered along the border to the northeast, overflowed left into Shangze Marsh, passed Yangcheng and Xihu on the right, Hou Lake to the north, Nan Marsh, then turned east through Lugang into Xinyang. A transit office was stationed at Hushu. It had three market towns: Lumu, Likou, and Wangting. Garrison posts were stationed at Hushu and Huangdai. One Wuta patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Yuanhe: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Attached seat. It was established in Yongzheng 2. To the northeast lay Weiting Mountain. Tiger Hill lay to the west. In Tang times Bai Juyi dug a canal south to the Grand Canal, now called Shantang. To the southeast lay Jiangning Mountain. Wusong River ran east from north of Wu into Xinyang. The Grand Canal also entered from the county. To the south lay Chenghu, which overflowed into Xiaodian Lake and farther southeast into Changbai and other marshes. Yinshan Lake lay southeast of the county. To the north lay Dushu Lake, with Huangtian Marsh. Yangcheng Lake and Xihu to the northeast also crossed into Changzhou. Zhong Lake and Dong Lake both interlocked with Xinyang. It had two market towns: Luzhi and Weiting. Garrison posts were stationed at Shahe, Zhouzhuang, and Zhangliantang. It had two courier stations: Gusu and Wangting. Two assistant magistrates were stationed at Luzhi and Zhangliantang. One Zhouzhuang patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Kunshan: Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 70 li east of the prefectural seat. Wusong River ran east through Sanjiang Mouth and wound into Qingpu. Dianshan Lake lay to the south; northward overflow formed Qipan Marsh and Chenmu Marsh; farther north Bailian Lake branched into Shangyang Pool and Yangshi Field Lake, passed Zhigang, and joined Wusong River. Zhihe Pond water from Yuanhe encircled the city, met Xinyang River to the east, and entered Taicang. It had three market towns: Anting, Siqiao, and Penglang. One Shipu patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Xinyang: Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 70 li east of the prefectural seat. It was established in Yongzheng 2. To the northwest: lay Kunshan and Chuodun Mountain. Wusong River entered from east of Yuanhe and again crossed back out. Xinyang River, also called Xinyang River, took Wusong water and entered Zhihe Pond to the north. It had Kuilei Lake, Manli Lake, Bacheng Lake, and Zhicheng Lake. Bacheng and Zhicheng are now silted up. It had one market town: Bingxu. A garrison post was stationed at Dawang Temple. One Bacheng patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Changshu: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 90 li north of the prefectural seat. The Suzhou-Songjiang grain-storage circuit was stationed there. In Qianlong 32 it was transferred away and abolished. To the north lay the Yangtze. Fushan faced Lang Mountain across the river; a fort battery was established and the regional commander was stationed there. To the northwest lay Chongde Mountain and Heyang Mountain. To the southwest lay Wan Mountain. To the north the Yangtze entered from Jiangyin, sharing the left bank with Tongzhou, with a sea-defense embankment. Yuanhe Pond water is the Grand Canal, which entered from Changzhou and passed north through Fushan Pond. Huangsi Port water also flowed northwest and joined the Yangtze. To the northeast lay the sea. A coastal embankment ran along it. To the southeast lay Kuncheng Lake, also called Yin Lake, facing Shang Lake and also called Bazhi Lake. It had two market towns: Qing'an and Fushan. Garrison posts were stationed at Luyuan and Tangshi. One Huangsi Port patrol office was established. Zhaowen: Busy, Difficult. It lay 90 li north of the prefectural seat. In Yongzheng 2 it was carved from the eastern territory of Changshu. To the northeast the Yangtze entered from Changshu and farther east entered Taicang. Its principal harbors were Xupu and Baimao. Baimao received the various waters of central Wu. Xupu was the northern sea route for vessels entering and leaving the Yangtze and formed a deep channel. Zhenlu, Baimao, Xupu, Qianjing, Xiazhang, and Qiya were in Song the five great harbors of Kunshan and Changshu. From Baimao Yuemiao north to Zhoujing Mouth where it entered the river, it measured 2,900 zhang and was also called Limu Pond. It had two market towns: Meili and Xupu. Garrison posts were stationed at Xuejiasha, Zhitang, and Xuliujing. One Baimao patrol office was established. Wujiang: Vital, Busy, Difficult. It lay 40 li south of the prefectural seat. To the north lay Wusong River, into which Nianyu Mouth water flowed from the north. The Grand Canal had two sources, Nantang River and Guantang River, which gathered east into marshes and joined Fenhu. Pangshan Lake took Taihu water on the east, overflowed into Jiuli Lake, then Tongli Lake farther east; to the south lay Yeze Lake, with Yuanhe and Hanlang marshes. Yingdou Lake lay south of the county. It had three market towns: Jiancun, Bachi, and Shengze. A garrison post was stationed at Tongli. It had one courier station: Songling. The assistant magistrate was stationed at Shengze. Two patrol offices were established: Fenhu and Tongli. Zhenze: Busy, Difficult. It lay 40 li south of the prefectural seat. It was established in Yongzheng 2. To the east it fronted the Grand Canal, which entered from Wujiang to Pingwang town, where Xitang River joined it. To the west it fronted Taihu, gathered harbor waters into Tangjia Lake, and flowed east into Wujiang. Hengtang channeled Wucheng waters westward, split into three branches, and met Yingdou Lake to the east. West of Hengtang was Zhenze Pond, east was Meiyan Pond, forming the main route. It had two market towns: Pingwang and Yanmu. A garrison post was stationed at Zhenze. Two patrol offices were established: Pingwang and Zhenze.
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松江府:要,繁,疲,難。 隸蘇松太道。 江南提督駐。 順治初,因明制,縣三。 十二年,析華亭置婁縣。 雍正二年,又析華亭置奉賢,析上海置南匯,析青浦置福泉,改金山衛為縣。 乾隆八年,福泉省。 嘉慶十年,又析上海南匯地設川沙廳,隸府。 西北距省治一百六十里。 廣一百六十里,袤一百四十里。 北極高三十一度。 京師偏東四度二十七分。 領廳一,縣七。 川沙廳繁,疲,難。 府東南二百四十里。 故明川沙堡。 乾隆二十四年,改董漕同知為川沙海防同知。 嘉慶十年,析置為撫民同知。 東:大海。 有捍海塘三,曰外圩塘、欽公塘、東護塘。 夾護塘河二。 鹽河逕界浜入寶山。 其左禦寇河,椿樹浦水引黃浦東入,與鹽河合。 三尖嘴、海中、曹家路有汛。 華亭繁,疲,難。 倚。 東南有柘山、金山。 海中有捍海塘。 松江上承太湖,東逕笠澤,與東江、婁江而三。 今婁江塞,而東江合松江出海,祗一江耳。 黃浦江為吳淞支津,首受泖、淀諸水,屈曲流,大洋涇水會之。 春申塘水東引黃浦支流,合千步涇,會於北俞塘。 又分流逕顓橋入黃浦。 柘林營東南,水利通判駐。 有鹽場曰袁浦,大使駐。 鎮五:亭林、葉謝、曹涇、柘林、沙岡。 柘林、亭林、張澤有汛。 都司駐柘林,縣丞駐曹涇。 亭林巡司一。 有鐵路。 婁疲,難。 倚。 順治十二年置。 西北有橫雲山、機山、天馬山。 南:泖湖,源出華亭谷,與青浦金山錯,古三泖也。 斜塘上承泖湖,自青浦入,東歧,合古浦塘及支津,貫城至華亭界,為南俞塘。 其北出者為通波塘。 斜塘東南合秀州塘、大蒸塘,入金山,為黃浦,又東入上海。 有橫浦鹽場,大使駐。 一鎮:楓涇。 天馬鎮、泗涇、楓涇有汛。 縣丞駐白龍潭。 小徵巡司一。 有鐵路。 奉賢疲,難。 府東九十里。 明於華亭置青村所守御、千戶,隸金山衛。 雍正二年析置。 南,瀕海,有塘。 有青村鹽場,大使駐。 青村港,縣西,有汛。 南橋塘水上游望河涇,自華亭引黃浦水東入姚涇,又東會蕭塘,為南橋塘,左得金匯塘,上承南匯界河水,又東為青村港。 西有龍泉港,亦受望河涇,錯出復入,逕阮港鎮,折東抵柘林營而止。 鎮三:陶宅、南橋、四團。 縣丞駐四團。 南橋巡司一。 金山疲,難。 府南七十二里。 雍正二年置。 故明金山衛,屬華亭。 初治衛城,尋徙洙涇鎮。 東南:秦山、查山。 海中有金山,縣以此名。 今隸華亭。 東北:泖港,橫潦涇西流入之,匯平湖諸水,曰三秀塘。 納秀州塘,逕城南,東達掘撻涇,南匯諸水合泖港入黃浦。 南有鹽河,循衛城西溢為黃姑塘,歧為里界河、黃浦界河,並北流而合,至大泖港與橫潦涇會,又北為黃浦。 折東與婁分岸,入華亭。 有浦東鹽場,大使駐。 典史駐衛城。 一鎮:洙涇。 張堰巡司一。 洙涇、張堰、呂港有汛。 上海沖,繁,疲,難。 府東北九十里。 蘇松太道駐。 黃浦江自華亭入,夾城流,東北至虹口。 吳淞江西北來與之合,又東北入于海。 吳淞江自嘉定入,納盤龍浦水、橫瀝水,逕新涇,又東為古滬瀆,逕新閘北、泥城橋、老閘會黃浦江。 西堧歐、美各國互市租界,道光二十三年英約五口通商之一。 吳淞岸東北四十五里,光緒二十四年開為商埠,海舶殷輳,利盡東南。 租界有會審公堂,理華、洋獄訟。 有海關,蘇松太道監督。 又南洋軍械製造局,西南。 鎮四:吳淞、烏涇、吳會、閔行。 塘橋、引翔港、閔行有汛。 黃浦、吳淞巡司二。 有鐵路。 南匯繁,疲,難。 府東一百二十里。 雍正二年置。 故明南匯守御所。 東:大海。 捍海塘二:內東護塘; 外外護塘,即欽公塘。 西黃浦江自華亭入,逕閘港,折北,左與上海分岸。 縣西縱河曰鶴坡塘,在新陽鎮。 會南七灶諸港水,至分水墩,是為港閘。 西會金匯塘,入奉賢。 縣號窮海,獨饒鹽。 東護塘內有運鹽河,南自奉賢入。 一鎮:下沙。 置鹽場三,鹽課大使駐。 周浦有汛。 縣丞駐泥城。 三林庄巡司一。 青浦繁,疲,難。 府西北五十里。 東:鉶山、佘山。 東南:鳳凰山、薛山。 北:福泉山。 西:盧山、辰山。 北:吳淞江。 澱山湖西受太湖水,播為諸盪,南與泖湖合。 北會硃家港水入於江。 有趙屯浦、大盈浦、顧會浦、盤龍浦,俱分受吳淞水,入黃浦。 鎮六:泗涇、金澤、硃家角、趙屯、七寶、白鶴江。 北鉶山、小徵有汛。 縣丞駐七寶。 澱山、新涇巡司二。
Songjiang Prefecture: Important, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It was subordinate to the Suzhou-Songjiang-Taicang Circuit intendancy. The Jiangnan provincial military commander was stationed there. At the beginning of Shunzhi, following the Ming system, it had three counties. In year 12 Lou County was carved from Huating. In Yongzheng 2 Fengxian was carved from Huating, Nanhui from Shanghai, Fuquan from Qingpu, and Jinshan Guard was converted to a county. In Qianlong 8 Fuquan was abolished. In Jiaqing 10 Chuansha Subprefecture was carved from Shanghai and Nanhui and placed under the prefecture. It lay 160 li northwest of the provincial seat. It measured 160 li across and 140 li long. Its north polar altitude was 31°. It lay 4°27′ east of the capital meridian. It governed one subprefecture and seven counties. Chuansha Subprefecture: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 240 li southeast of the prefectural seat. It was formerly the Ming Chuansha Fort. In Qianlong 24 the Dongcao subprefect was renamed the Chuansha coastal-defense subprefect. In Jiaqing 10 a pacification subprefect was appointed for the carved-out territory. To the east lay the sea. It had three sea-defense embankments: Outer Wei Pond, Qingong Pond, and East Protection Pond. Two flanking protection-pond rivers ran alongside them. The salt river passed Jiebang and entered Baoshan. To its left was Bandit-Defense River; Chunshu Port drew Huangpu water eastward and joined the salt river. Garrison posts were stationed at Sanjianzui, Haizhong, and Caojialu. Huating: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Attached seat. To the southeast lay Zhe Mountain and Jin Mountain. A sea-defense embankment ran along the coast. Songjiang took Taihu water upstream, passed Lizhe to the east, and with Dong River and Lou River formed the three great channels. Today Lou River is silted shut, Dong River joins Songjiang to reach the sea, and only one channel remains. Huangpu River was a Wusong branch that first took Mao, Dian, and other waters, wound downstream, and received Dayangjing water. Chunshen Pond drew Huangpu branch water eastward, joined Qianbu Jing, and met at Beiyu Pond. A branch also passed Zhuanqiao into Huangpu. The waterworks subprefect was stationed southeast of Zhelin Camp. The Yuanpu salt field was established with its superintendent stationed there. It had five market towns: Tinglin, Yexie, Caojing, Zhelin, and Shagang. Garrison posts were stationed at Zhelin, Tinglin, and Zhangze. The battalion commander was stationed at Zhelin and the assistant magistrate at Caojing. One Tinglin patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Lou: Exhausted, Difficult. Attached seat. It was established in Shunzhi 12. To the northwest lay Hengyun Mountain, Ji Mountain, and Tianma Mountain. To the south lay Mao Lake, rising in Huating Valley and interlocking with Qingpu and Jinshan—the ancient Three Mao. Xietang took Mao Lake water from Qingpu, branched east, joined Gupu Pond and branch channels, passed through the city to the Huating border as Nanyu Pond. Its northward outlet was Tongbo Pond. Xietang joined Xiuzhou Pond and Dazheng Pond in the southeast, entered Jinshan as Huangpu, and flowed east into Shanghai. The Hengpu salt field was established with its superintendent stationed there. It had one market town: Fengjing. Garrison posts were stationed at Tianma Town, Sijing, and Fengjing. The assistant magistrate was stationed at Bailongtan. One Xiaozheng patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Fengxian: Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 90 li east of the prefectural seat. In Ming the Qingcun defense office and company were established at Huating under Jinshan Guard. It was carved out and established in Yongzheng 2. To the south it fronted the sea with a coastal embankment. The Qingcun salt field was established with its superintendent stationed there. A garrison post was stationed at Qingcun Port west of the county. Nanqiao Pond rose as Wanghe Jing; Huangpu water was drawn from Huating east into Yaojing, met Xiaotang farther east as Nanqiao Pond, took Jinhui Pond on the left from Nanhui border waters, and became Qingcun Port farther east. Longquan Port lay to the west, also took Wanghe Jing, crossed out and back in, passed Ruangang Town, turned east to Zhelin Camp, and ended there. It had three market towns: Taozhai, Nanqiao, and Situan. The assistant magistrate was stationed at Situan. One Nanqiao patrol office was established. Jinshan: Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 72 li south of the prefectural seat. It was established in Yongzheng 2. It was formerly the Ming Jinshan Guard, subordinate to Huating. It was first administered at Guard City and soon moved to Zhujing Town. To the southeast lay Qin Mountain and Zha Mountain. Jin Mountain stood in the sea and gave the county its name. It is now subordinate to Huating. To the northeast lay Mao Port; Hengliaojing flowed west into it, gathered Pinghu waters, and formed Sanxiu Pond. It received Xiuzhou Pond, passed south of the city, reached Juetajing to the east, gathered southern waters into Mao Port, and entered Huangpu. To the south ran the salt river, which west of the guard city overflowed as Huanggu Pond, split into Lijie River and Huangpu Border River, reunited northward at Damo Port with Hengliaojing, and became Huangpu farther north. It turned east, shared the bank with Lou County, and entered Huating. The Pudong salt field was established with its superintendent stationed there. The registrar was stationed at Guard City. It had one market town: Zhujing. One Zhangyan patrol office was established. Garrison posts were stationed at Zhujing, Zhangyan, and Lügang. Shanghai: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 90 li northeast of the prefectural seat. The Suzhou-Songjiang-Taicang Circuit was stationed there. Huangpu River entered from Huating, flanked the city, and ran northeast to Hongkou. Wusong River came from the northwest to join it and entered the sea farther northeast. Wusong River entered from Jiading, took Panlong Port and Hengli water, passed Xinjing, became ancient Hudu farther east, and through north Xinzha, Nicheng Bridge, and Laozha joined Huangpu River. The west bank held European and American treaty concessions; in Daoguang 23 it became one of the five treaty ports opened under the British treaty. Wusong, 45 li northeast along the shore, was opened as a trading port in Guangxu 24; sea vessels crowded in and its profits dominated the southeast. The concessions had a mixed court for Chinese and foreign criminal cases. A maritime customs office was supervised by the Suzhou-Songjiang-Taicang Circuit. The Nanyang Ordnance Manufacturing Bureau also stood to the southwest. It had four market towns: Wusong, Wujing, Wuhui, and Minhang. Garrison posts were stationed at Tangqiao, Yinxiang Port, and Minhang. Two patrol offices were established: Huangpu and Wusong. A railway line served the county. Nanhui: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 120 li east of the prefectural seat. It was established in Yongzheng 2. It was formerly the Ming Nanhui defense office. To the east lay the sea. It had two sea-defense embankments: the inner East Protection Pond; and the outer Outer Protection Pond, namely Qingong Pond. To the west Huangpu River entered from Huating, passed Zhagang, turned north, and on the left shared the bank with Shanghai. The county's west longitudinal channel was Hebo Pond at Xinyang Town. It met Qizao and other southern port waters at Fenshui Mound, forming Gang Gate. Westward it met Jinhui Pond and entered Fengxian. Though called a poor coastal county, it was uniquely rich in salt. Inside East Protection Pond the salt-transport river entered from Fengxian in the south. It had one market town: Xiasha. Three salt fields were established with the salt-tax superintendent stationed there. A garrison post was stationed at Zhoupu. The assistant magistrate was stationed at Nicheng. One Sanlinzhuang patrol office was established. Qingpu: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 50 li northwest of the prefectural seat. To the east lay Xingshan and Sheshan. To the southeast lay Fenghuang Mountain and Xue Mountain. To the north lay Fuquan Mountain. To the west lay Lushan and Chenshan. To the north lay Wusong River. Dianshan Lake took Taihu water on the west, spread into various shallows, and joined Mao Lake to the south. Northward it met Zhu Family Port water and entered the river. Zhaotun, Daying, Guhui, and Panlong creeks all took Wusong water in branches and entered Huangpu. It had six market towns: Sijing, Jinze, Zhujiajiao, Zhaotun, Qibao, and Baihe River. Garrison posts were stationed at North Xingshan and Xiaozheng. The assistant magistrate was stationed at Qibao. Two patrol offices were established: Dianshan and Xinjing.
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太倉直隸州:繁,疲,難。 隸蘇松太道。 順治初,因明制,屬蘇州府,縣一。 雍正二年,升直隸州,析州置鎮洋縣,又割蘇州府之嘉定屬之,析其地置寶山,同隸州。 西南距省治一百二十里。 廣一百五十里,袤一百四十里。 北極高三十一度二十九分。 京師偏東四度二十五分。 領縣四。 北有穿山。 東北:大海,有塘。 七鴉口設砲台。 一鎮:雙鳳。 璜涇有汛。 州同駐劉河鎮。 七浦巡司一。 昔太倉之水八百五十。 南路之水,婁江獨任之。 北路之水,七浦、楊林分任之。 故七浦以輔婁江,楊林又以輔七浦。 楊林南有湖川塘。 湖川南硃涇,為古婁江北道。 又貫南北者,有鹽鐵塘,南出吳淞入海。 北道白茆達江。 雍正中,發帑疏濬兩江,兼治白茆,以補三江之缺。 鎮洋繁。 倚。 雍正二年置。 東:大海。 縣東劉河口,一曰婁河口,有汛。 婁江入海處。 禹貢中江也。 「劉」即「婁」,聲近字。 上承致河塘,自新陽入,為太倉塘。 自城南南馬頭東合新塘港,又東入海。 新塘港即舊湖川塘,逕小塘子入劉河。 南:鹽鐵塘水環城流,西北與七浦塘合。 有徬官,裁。 茜涇河西抵漕塘河,東逕花雙入海。 茜涇城,乾隆三年築。 鎮二:沙頭、茜涇。 甘草巡司一。 崇明沖,繁。 州東北五十七里。 東:金鼇山、茶山。 東北:海中設汛。 海環縣治,港沙綺錯。 有望海台,當沙港南,與崇寶沙對,設砲台,總兵駐。 施翹河水西南夾城流,又東與十欃口合,入于海。 東:鹽灘,有場,巡鹽大使駐。 雍正八年,於縣設太通巡道。 乾隆五年移通州,六年裁。 鎮三:新鎮、豹貔、楊家河。 上沙、中沙、外沙、下沙有汛。 縣丞駐五欃。 大安有廢巡司。 崇海巡司一。 嘉定疲,難。 州南三十六里。 初屬蘇州府。 雍正二年來隸。 東南:鶴槎山。 吳淞江東入,緣界流,北為鹽鐵塘水,入鎮洋。 縣北劉河,古婁江也。 橫瀝水北流逕縣城,又東與之合。 練祁塘水承吳淞西來,環城流,逕羅店,入寶山。 鎮三:外岡、安亭、南翔。 縣丞駐南翔,有汛。 諸翟巡司一。 有鐵路。 寶山繁,疲,難。 州東九十里。 雍正二年置。 故嘉定縣吳淞所,明寶山廳。 東南有寶山故城。 山北設汛。 東瀕大海,有塘。 南為吳淞口,黃浦江入海處,設砲台,控扼東南,為軍港要塞。 崇寶沙,海中,與崇明對。 蘊藻濱水自嘉定逕陳行鎮,界涇水西北逕羅店,合練祁塘水會之。 歧為二,東至胡巷口,南至虹口,併入黃浦。 又北泗塘水引蘊藻濱水南迤東環城流,西有采綯港。 鎮四:高橋、江灣、大場、羅店。 舊砲台、胡巷口、楊行、江灣、月浦有汛。 縣丞駐高橋。 有鐵路。
Taicang Directly Administered Subprefecture: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It was subordinate to the Suzhou-Songjiang-Taicang Circuit intendancy. At the beginning of Shunzhi, following the Ming system, it belonged to Suzhou Prefecture and governed one county. In Yongzheng 2 it was elevated to a directly administered subprefecture, Zhenyang County was carved from its territory, Jiading was transferred from Suzhou Prefecture, Baoshan was established from part of that territory, and all were placed under the subprefecture. It lay 120 li southwest of the provincial seat. It measured 150 li across and 140 li long. Its north polar altitude was 31°29′. It lay 4°25′ east of the capital meridian. It governed four counties. Chuanshan lay to the north. To the northeast lay the sea, protected by an embankment. A battery was established at Qiyakou. It had one market town: Shuangfeng. A garrison post was stationed at Huangjing. The subprefectural vice magistrate was stationed at Liuhe Town. One Qipu patrol office was established. Formerly Taicang had eight hundred fifty watercourses. Southern-route waters were borne solely by Lou River. Northern-route waters were divided between Qipu and Yanglin. Thus Qipu assisted Lou River, and Yanglin in turn assisted Qipu. Huchuan Pond lay south of Yanglin. Zhujing south of Huchuan was the ancient northern route of Lou River. Yantie Pond also ran north and south, exiting through Wusong to the sea in the south. The northern route reached the river through Baimao. During Yongzheng, treasury funds were issued to dredge the two rivers and also treat Baimao to make up for the loss of the Three Rivers. Zhenyang: Busy. Attached seat. It was established in Yongzheng 2. To the east lay the sea. East of the county, Liuhe Mouth, also called Louhe Mouth, had a garrison post. This was where Lou River entered the sea. It was the Middle River of the Yu Gong. "Liu" is simply "Lou" written with a near-homophone character. Upstream it received Zhihe Pond, entered from Xinyang, and became Taicang Pond. From south of the city at South Matou it joined Xintang Harbor eastward and then entered the sea. Xintang Harbor was the old Huchuan Pond, which passed through Xiaotangzi to enter Liuhe. To the south, Yantie Pond water encircled the city and flowed northwest to join Qipu Pond. It once had an assistant official, later abolished. Qianjing River reached Caotang River in the west and passed east through Huashuang to enter the sea. Qianjing City was built in Qianlong 3. It had two market towns: Shatou and Qianjing. One Gancao patrol office was established. Chongming: Vital, Busy. It lay 57 li northeast of the subprefectural seat. To the east lay Jinao Mountain and Chashan. To the northeast a garrison post was established offshore. The sea encircled the county seat, with harbors and sandbanks interlaced. Wanghai Terrace stood south of Shagang opposite Chongbao Sand, where a battery was established and the regional commander was stationed. Shiqiao River flanked the city on the southwest, then flowed east to join Shichuang Mouth and enter the sea. To the east lay salt flats with salt fields, where the salt-patrol superintendent was stationed. In Yongzheng 8 the Taicang-Tongzhou patrol circuit was established at the county. In Qianlong 5 it was moved to Tongzhou and abolished in year 6. It had three market towns: Xinzhen, Baopi, and Yangjia River. Garrison posts were stationed at Shangsha, Zhongsha, Waisha, and Xiasha. The assistant magistrate was stationed at Wuchuang. Da'an had a defunct patrol office. One Chonghai patrol office was established. Jiading: Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 36 li south of the subprefectural seat. It originally belonged to Suzhou Prefecture. In Yongzheng 2 it was placed under the subprefecture. To the southeast lay Hecha Mountain. Wusong River entered from the east and flowed along the border; northward its waters became Yantie Pond and entered Zhenyang. Liuhe north of the county was the ancient Lou River. Hengli River flowed north past the county seat and then joined Liuhe to the east. Lianqi Pond took Wusong water from the west, encircled the city, passed through Luodian, and entered Baoshan. It had three market towns: Waigang, Anting, and Nanxiang. The assistant magistrate was stationed at Nanxiang, which also had a garrison post. One Zhuzhai patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Baoshan: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 90 li east of the subprefectural seat. It was established in Yongzheng 2. It was formerly Jiading County's Wusong sub-bureau and the Ming Baoshan office. The old Baoshan city lay to the southeast. A garrison post was established north of the mountain. To the east it bordered the sea, protected by an embankment. To the south lay Wusong Mouth, where Huangpu River enters the sea; a battery was established there to control the southeast as a military harbor fortress. Chongbao Sand lay in the sea opposite Chongming. Yunzao Creek flowed from Jiading through Chenxing Town; Jiejing water passed northwest through Luodian and joined Lianqi Pond water to meet it. It split in two, one branch reaching Huxiang Mouth in the east and another Hongkou in the south, both merging into Huangpu. Sitang water also drew Yunzao Creek south and east to encircle the city, with Caichao Harbor to the west. It had four market towns: Gaoqiao, Jiangwan, Dachang, and Luodian. Garrison posts were stationed at the old battery, Huxiang Mouth, Yangxing, Jiangwan, and Yuepu. The assistant magistrate was stationed at Gaoqiao. A railway line served the county.
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常州府:沖,繁,疲,難。 隸常鎮通海道。 順治初,因明制,縣五。 雍正二年,總督查弼納以蘇、松、常賦重事繁,疏請太倉等十三州縣各析為二,析武進置陽湖,無錫置金匱,宜興置荊溪。 東南距省治二百八十里。 廣一百六十里,袤一百八十里。 北極高三十一度五十二分。 京師偏東三度二十四分。 領縣八。 武進沖,繁,疲,難。 倚。 府西偏。 西北:黃山、固山。 毗陵江西北自丹陽入,東南至桃花港入江陰。 運河循城流,逕奔牛鎮入丹陽。 滆湖北受運河,西受壇、溧、洮湖諸水,匯為湖,又西溢為大圩盪,南與湖塘河會,入宜興。 鎮三:奔牛、青城、阜通。 西埠、孟河、魏村有汛。 一驛:毗陵。 奔牛、孟河巡司二。 有鐵路。 陽湖繁,難。 倚。 府東偏。 雍正二年置。 以縣東陽湖名。 東:芳茂山。 東北:舜山。 南:太湖,有馬跡山,舊置寨,有汛。 運河自無錫逕丁堰、戚墅堰,北商河水合舜河水東西分流入之。 戚墅港合宋建湖,至白盪歧為三,一東入無錫達閭江,一黃堰河達百跡,一薛堰河達下埠,併入太湖。 其武進支津曰宜荊漕河,一曰西蠡河,西南流,會滆湖水,並湖行入宜興。 一鎮:橫林。 馬跡巡司一。 有鐵路。 無錫沖,繁。 府東南九十里。 北:九龍山。 西:舜山、錫山。 其東惠山,有泉。 太湖,西南。 又東溢為五里湖,南出為長廣溪,西逕吳塘門,仍入太湖。 運河東南自長洲入,夾城流,東納漕河,即白塘圩,支津出江陰,首受大江,北流,逕高橋,與之合。 鎮一:潘葑。 一驛:錫山。 清寧有汛。 高橋巡司一。 有鐵路。 金匱繁,難。 府東九十里。 雍正二年置。 以城內金匱山名。 東北有斗山、膠山。 北:橫山。 南:夾山、前山。 運河東南自長洲入,常昭漕河首受太湖,東緣長洲界,左與無錫分岸,環城入之。 又分流,南北入常熟、江陰。 又自東亭屈而西為百瀆港,東流會於鵝真盪,與長洲錯。 一鎮:望亭。 黃埠墩有汛。 巡司一。 有鐵路。 江陰繁,疲,難。 府東七十里。 江蘇學政駐,光緒三十一年裁。 北:君山。 東北:綺山、定山、黃山。 東:馬鞍山。 隔江與天生港對,有砲台。 北:大江西自武進入,漕河首受江水,逕四河口入無錫。 應天河分漕河水,屈曲流,逕華墅東南,為南長河。 橫河,城東至泗港北入江。 有青草、壽星諸沙。 鎮三:楊舍、夏港、申浦。 沙洲、楊舍有汛。 顧山巡司一。 宜興疲,難。 府南一百二十里。 西北:有<了凵>山、東北:羊山、金鵝、羅科山。 西:大坯山。 北:滆湖,與武進、陽湖錯,受長盪湖水。 其支津湖塘河自武進入,歧為二,至吳瀆口入於太湖。 縣東有東氿、西氿,金壇、溧陽諸水會之。 漕河北與二氿合,匯為羊山諸盪。 又東北為橫盪,逕百瀆港入太湖。 一鎮:楊港。 和橋有汛,縣丞駐。 鍾溪、下邾巡司二。 荊溪疲,難。 府南百二十一里。 雍正二年置。 南:荊溪,縣以此名。 南:白雲、茗嶺、君山、啄木嶺。 西:芙蓉山、國山。 三國吳天璽元年封禪為中嶽,有摩崖,右群峰相繆不一名。 東:銅官山。 西南:章山。 東南:茶山、蘭山。 瀕太湖東西二氿,與宜興錯。 楊港河、文定港水分流入之。 其南沙河自溧陽戴步流並瀦焉。 東南:蜀山河,合川步水,東歧為施塘,並注之。 又東至大浦口,其南蓮花盪自湖汊匯諸山水,至烏溪口,併入太湖。 徐舍有汛。 湖汊、張渚巡司二。 靖江難。 府東一百五十里。 東北:孤山。 南濱大江,西自泰興入,東:張黃港。 右與江陰分岸,又東逕縣南入如皋。 港口八。 迤東歧為界河,折南至張黃港復合。 港南紫氣河,漩洑深洪,海舶入江處。 界河自港北環縣流,西達界港入於江。 西有團河。 鎮三:陳阜、生祠、新豐市。 新港巡司一。
Changzhou Prefecture: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It was subordinate to the Chang-Jiang-Tong Maritime Circuit intendancy. At the beginning of Shunzhi, following the Ming system, it had five counties. In Yongzheng 2 Governor-General Zha Bina, citing the heavy tax burden and administrative load of Suzhou, Songjiang, and Changzhou, memorialized to split thirteen subprefectures and counties including Taicang in two; Wujin was split to form Yanghu, Wuxi to form Jingui, and Yixing to form Jingxi. It lay 280 li southeast of the provincial seat. It measured 160 li across and 180 li long. Its north polar altitude was 31°52′. It lay 3°24′ east of the capital meridian. It governed eight counties. Wujin: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Attached seat. It lay west of the prefectural seat. To the northwest lay Huangshan and Gushan. Piling River entered from Danyang in the northwest and reached Jiangyin through Taohua Harbor in the southeast. The Grand Canal flowed along the city, passed through Benniu Town, and entered Danyang. Gehu took the Grand Canal on the north and waters from Tan, Li, and Taohu on the west, gathered into a lake, overflowed west into Dawu Marsh, met Hutang River in the south, and entered Yixing. It had three market towns: Benniu, Qingcheng, and Futong. Garrison posts were stationed at Xibu, Menghe, and Weicun. It had one courier station, Piling. Two patrol offices were established: Benniu and Menghe. A railway line served the county. Yanghu: Busy, Difficult. Attached seat. It lay east of the prefectural seat. It was established in Yongzheng 2. It was named for Yang Lake east of the county. To the east lay Fangmao Mountain. To the northeast lay Shunshan. To the south lay Taihu, with Maji Mountain where a stockade had formerly been established and a garrison post was stationed. The Grand Canal from Wuxi passed Dingyan and Qishuyan, where Beishang River and Shunhe River waters divided east and west to flow into it. Qishu Harbor joined Songjian Lake; at Bai Marsh it split into three branches, one east into Wuxi reaching Lü River, one through Huangyan River to Baiji, and one through Xueyan River to Xiabu, all merging into Taihu. Its Wujin branch channel, called Yijing Grain Canal or Xili River, flowed southwest, met Gehu water, and ran along the lake into Yixing. It had one market town: Henglin. One Maji patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Wuxi: Vital, Busy. It lay 90 li southeast of the prefectural seat. To the north lay Jiulong Mountain. To the west lay Shunshan and Xishan. Huishan lay to its east, with a spring. Taihu lay to the southwest. It overflowed east into Wuli Lake, exited south as Changguang Creek, passed west through Wutang Gate, and reentered Taihu. The Grand Canal entered from Changzhou in the southeast, flanked the city, and eastward took the grain canal at Baitang Embankment; a branch exited toward Jiangyin, first took the great river, flowed north through Gaoqiao, and joined the canal. It had one market town: Panfu. It had one courier station, Xishan. A garrison post was stationed at Qingning. One Gaoqiao patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Jingui: Busy, Difficult. It lay 90 li east of the prefectural seat. It was established in Yongzheng 2. It was named for Jingui Mountain within the city. Doushan and Jiaoshan lay to the northeast. To the north lay Hengshan. To the south lay Jiashan and Qianshan. The Grand Canal entered from Changzhou in the southeast; the Chang-Zhao grain canal first took Taihu water, ran east along the Changzhou border, shared banks with Wuxi on the left, and encircled the city. It then divided, with branches entering Changshu and Jiangyin to the north and south. From Dongting it bent west as Baibu Harbor, flowed east to meet Ezhendang, and interlocked with Changzhou. It had one market town: Wangting. A garrison post was stationed at Huangbudun. One patrol office was established. A railway line served the county. Jiangyin: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 70 li east of the prefectural seat. The Jiangsu education commissioner was stationed there until the post was abolished in Guangxu 31. To the north lay Junshan. To the northeast lay Qishan, Dingshan, and Huangshan. To the east lay Ma'an Mountain. Across the river opposite Tiansheng Harbor, a battery was established. To the north the great river entered from Wujin in the west; the grain canal first took its water and passed through Sihekou into Wuxi. Yingtian River took a branch of the grain canal, wound southeast past Huashu, and formed the South Long River. Heng River ran from east of the city to Sigang and entered the river in the north. It had Qingcao, Shouxing, and other sandbanks. It had three market towns: Yangshe, Xiagang, and Shenpu. Garrison posts were stationed at Shazhou and Yangshe. One Gushan patrol office was established. Yixing: Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 120 li south of the prefectural seat. To the northwest lay Lishan; to the northeast lay Yangshan, Jin'e, and Luoke Mountain. To the west lay Dapi Mountain. To the north lay Gehu, interlocking with Wujin and Yanghu and taking Changdang Lake water. Its branch channel Hutang River entered from Wujin, split in two, and entered Taihu at Wudukou. East of the county lay East Yi and West Yi, where waters from Jintan and Liyang converged. The grain canal joined the two Yi in the north and gathered into the Yangshan marshes. Farther northeast it formed Hengdang, which passed through Baibu Harbor into Taihu. It had one market town: Yanggang. Heqiao had a garrison post where the assistant magistrate was stationed. Two patrol offices were established: Zhongxi and Xiazhu. Jingxi: Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 121 li south of the prefectural seat. It was established in Yongzheng 2. To the south lay Jingxi, for which the county was named. To the south lay Baiyun, Mingling, Junshan, and Zhuomu Ridge. To the west lay Furong Mountain and Guoshan. In Wu of the Three Kingdoms, in the first year of Tianxi Fengchan was enfeoffed as the Middle Peak; a cliff inscription survives, and peaks to the right twine together under many names. To the east lay Tongguan Mountain. To the southwest lay Zhangshan. To the southeast lay Chashan and Lanshan. It bordered Taihu's East and West Yi, interlocking with Yixing. Yanggang River and Wending Harbor waters flowed into it in branches. South of it, Shahe from Daibu in Liyang flowed in and pooled there. To the southeast, Shushan River joined Chuanbu water, branched east as Shitang, and both poured into it. Farther east at Dapukou, Lianhua Marsh to the south gathered waters from lake inlets and hills, reached Wuxikou, and merged into Taihu. A garrison post was stationed at Xushe. Two patrol offices were established: Hucha and Zhangzhu. Jingjiang: Difficult. It lay 150 li east of the prefectural seat. To the northeast lay Gushan. To the south it bordered the great river, which entered from Taixing in the west; to the east lay Zhanghuang Harbor. On the right it shared banks with Jiangyin, then flowed east past the south of the county into Rugao. It had eight harbors. Winding east it branched as the boundary river, bent south to Zhanghuang Harbor, and rejoined the main channel. South of the harbor, Ziqi River formed whirling pools and deep floodwaters where sea ships entered the river. The boundary river from north of the harbor encircled the county, reached Jiegang in the west, and entered the river. Tuanhe lay to the west. It had three market towns: Chenfu, Shengci, and Xinfeng Market. One Xingang patrol office was established.
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鎮江府:最要,沖,繁,疲,難。 常鎮通海道治所。 長江水師提督、京口副都統駐。 順治初設鎮海將軍,乾隆二十八年裁。 順治初,因明制,縣三。 雍正八年,以江寧府之溧陽來屬。 光緒三十年,又設太平廳,隸府。 東南距省治三百七十里。 廣二百十里,袤一百三十六里。 北極高三十二度十二分。 京師偏東二度五十七分。 領廳一,縣四。 太平廳簡。 府東七十里。 光緒三十年置,設撫民同知,治太平洲,江中。 丹徒沖,繁,疲,難。 倚。 西北:金山,臨江,有中泠泉。 北:北固山。 焦山,江中,南北與象山、連城洲對,又東圌山、五峰山,隔江與高橋對,皆設砲台。 大江,城北逕孩溪,復南繞圌山,分支為大小夾江,有寶晉、天福、補沙諸洲。 運河南自丹陽入,逕雩山西、洪山東,折西環城北流,所謂南運河。 糧艘渡江入伊婁河,至邗溝,為北運河,併入於江。 橫越徬有徬官。 西:高資河,東西與新開河合。 河為乾隆四十五年巡撫吳壇濬,出排灣西經高資入句容。 商埠,縣北二里,外國互市租界,咸豐十年英法條約長江三口之一。 有新關,常鎮道監督。 鎮五:丹徒、高資、諫壁、大港、新豐。 硃家圩有汛。 二驛:京口、炭渚。 京口有驛丞,裁。 高資、安港、丹徒巡司三。 有鐵路。 丹陽繁,疲,難。 府東南七十里。 東北有九齡山。 大江北自丹徒播為夾江,逕姚家橋入,東與江合。 運河東南逕七里橋,漕河會之。 又西南播為香草河。 簡瀆河環城流,入於江。 包港東北導運河水與夾江合。 北有練湖。 鎮二:呂城、延陵。 一驛:雲陽。 呂城、包港巡司二。 有鐵路。 金壇疲,難。 府南一百六十里。 西:茅山,一曰三茅峰。 南:長盪湖,與溧陽錯,古洮湖也。 漕河環城為濠,南會於白龍盪,又南受湖水入溧陽。 薛步水出薛步鎮,東流分為二,一入漕河,一南與漕河遇,入於湖。 東有錢資盪。 湖溪巡司一,裁。 溧陽繁,疲。 府南二百四十里。 雍正八年來隸。 西:曹姥山、鐵冶山一曰鐵峴。 北:涪山,峙洮湖中,湖與金壇錯。 三塔盪西南溢為昇平盪。 前馬盪水出溧水廬山,合高淳諸水,東逕為盪入中河,東南流與漕河合,古中江也。 五代楊行密築五堰,江自是不復東,禹跡中湮矣。 鎮三:舉善、甓橋、廣道。
Zhenjiang Prefecture: Foremost Importance, Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Seat of the Chang-Jiang-Tong Maritime Circuit intendancy. The Yangtze naval commander-in-chief and the Jingkou vice commander-in-chief were stationed there. At the beginning of Shunzhi a Zhenhai general was established; the post was abolished in Qianlong 28. At the beginning of Shunzhi, following the Ming system, it had three counties. In Yongzheng 8 Liyang was transferred from Jiangning Prefecture. In Guangxu 30 Taiping Office was established and placed under the prefecture. It lay 370 li southeast of the provincial seat. It measured 210 li across and 136 li long. Its north polar altitude was 32°12′. It lay 2°57′ east of the capital meridian. It governed one office and four counties. Taiping Office: Simple. It lay 70 li east of the prefectural seat. Established in Guangxu 30, it was administered by a subprefect for pacifying the people at Taiping Isle in the river. Dantu: Vital, Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. Attached seat. To the northwest lay Jinshan facing the river, with Zhongling Spring. To the north lay Beigu Mountain. Jiaoshan stood in the river opposite Xiangshan and Liancheng Isle to the north and south; farther east Tushan and Wufeng Mountain faced Gaoqiao across the river, and batteries were established at all these points. The great river north of the city passed Haixi, then wound south around Tushan and branched into great and small channel rivers, with isles including Baojin, Tianfu, and Busha. The Grand Canal entered from Danyang in the south, passed west of Yushan and east of Hongshan, bent west to encircle the city, and formed the so-called Southern Grand Canal. Grain ships crossed the river into Yilou River and reached Hangou as the Northern Grand Canal, which then merged into the river. Hengyue had an assistant official. To the west, Gaozi River joined Xinkai River from east and west. Governor Wu Tan dredged the river in Qianlong 45; it exited west of Paiwan, passed through Gaozi, and entered Jurong. A commercial port two li north of the county served as a foreign treaty-port concession, one of the three Yangtze ports opened under the Anglo-French treaty of Xianfeng 10. A new customs office was supervised by the Chang-Jiang Circuit. It had five market towns: Dantu, Gaozi, Jianbi, Dagang, and Xinfeng. A garrison post was stationed at Zhujiawei. It had two courier stations: Jingkou and Tanzhu. Jingkou once had a courier-station assistant, later abolished. Three patrol offices were established: Gaozi, Angang, and Dantu. A railway line served the county. Danyang: Busy, Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 70 li southeast of the prefectural seat. Jiuling Mountain lay to the northeast. The great river north from Dantu spread into channel rivers, entered through Yaojia Bridge, and rejoined the main channel to the east. The Grand Canal passed southeast through Qili Bridge, where the grain canal joined it. Farther southwest it spread into Xiangcao River. Jiandu River encircled the city and entered the river. Baogang northeast guided Grand Canal water to join the channel river. Lianhu lay to the north. It had two market towns: Lücheng and Yanling. It had one courier station, Yunyang. Two patrol offices were established: Lücheng and Baogang. A railway line served the county. Jintan: Exhausted, Difficult. It lay 160 li south of the prefectural seat. To the west lay Maoshan, also called Sanmao Peak. To the south lay Changdang Lake, interlocking with Liyang, the ancient Taohu. The grain canal encircled the city as a moat, met Bailong Marsh in the south, and farther south took lake water into Liyang. Xuebu water rose at Xuebu Town, flowed east, and split in two, one branch entering the grain canal and one meeting it in the south before entering the lake. Qianzi Marsh lay to the east. One Huxi patrol office was established, later abolished. Liyang: Busy, Exhausted. It lay 240 li south of the prefectural seat. In Yongzheng 8 it was placed under the prefecture. To the west lay Caolao Mountain and Tieye Mountain, also called Tiexian. To the north, Fushan stood in Taohu, a lake interlocking with Jintan. Santan Marsh overflowed southwest into Shengping Marsh. Qianma Marsh water rose at Lushan in Lishui, joined waters from Gaochun, passed east as a marsh into Zhonghe, flowed southeast to join the grain canal, and was the ancient Middle River. In the Five Dynasties Yang Xingmi built the Five Weirs, after which the river no longer flowed east and the course of Yu's Middle River was lost. It had three market towns: Jushan, Piqiao, and Guangdao.