1
志四十五
Treatise 45.
2
地理十七
Geography 17.
3
福建
Fujian.
4
福建：禹貢揚州南境。 明置福建行中書省，改承宣布政使司。 清初為福建省，置閩浙總督。 康熙二十三年，海島平，以其地置臺灣府。 雍正十二年，升福寧州為府，永春、龍岩為直隸州。 增置霞浦、屏南、福鼎。 光緒十三年，升臺灣府為行省，與福建分治。 後入日本。 東至海； 百九十里。 西至江西石城； 千五百五十五里。 南至海； 二百七十里。 北至浙江景寧。 四百六十里。 廣九百一十里，袤九百七十五里。 南至詔南縣南境，北極高二十三度四十四分。 北至浦城縣北境，北極高二十八度。 東至長樂縣東境，京師偏東三度一十七分。 西至武平縣西境，偏西二十二分。 宣統三年，編戶二百三十七萬六千八百五十五，口一千四百二十二萬九千九百六十三。 領府九，直隸州二，廳一，縣五十七。
Fujian lay within the southern reaches of Yangzhou as described in the Yu Gong. Under the Ming a Fujian Branch Secretariat was established and later converted into a Provincial Administration Commission. In the early Qing it became Fujian Province, with a Min-Zhe Governor-General installed. In Kangxi 23, after the offshore islands were pacified, Taiwan Prefecture was created from their territory. In Yongzheng 12 Funing Zhou was raised to prefectural rank, and Yongchun and Longyan were made directly administered subprefectures. The counties of Xiapu, Pingnan, and Fuding were newly established. In Guangxu 13 Taiwan Prefecture was elevated to provincial status and administered separately from Fujian. It was later annexed by Japan. To the east, the sea; one hundred ninety li. To the west, Shicheng in Jiangxi; one thousand five hundred fifty-five li. To the south, the sea; two hundred seventy li. To the north, Jingning in Zhejiang. Four hundred sixty li. It measures nine hundred ten li from east to west and nine hundred seventy-five li from north to south. Its southern limit is the southern border of Zhaonan County, at north latitude 23°44′. Its northern limit is the northern border of Pucheng County, at north latitude 28°. Its eastern limit is the eastern border of Changle County, 3°17′ east of the capital meridian. Its western limit is the western border of Wuping County, 22′ west of the capital meridian. In Xuantong 3 the province had 2,376,855 registered households and a population of 14,229,963. It comprised nine prefectures, two directly administered subprefectures, one subprefectural department, and fifty-seven counties.
5
福州府：衝，繁，疲，難。 清為省治。 閩浙總督兼巡撫，布政、提法、交涉、提學四司，鹽、糧、巡警、勸業四道，福州將軍、副都統駐。 道光二十三年，與英訂約五口通商之一。 租界在閩江北岸，曰南臺，與府城對。 航路：廈門、福州、三都澳。 驛路：北逾仙霞嶺達浙江江山； 西南達廣東黃岡。 電線由福州北通杭州，西南通廣州，東通馬尾、川石山，東北通三都澳。 海線由川石山東通臺灣淡水，由廈門東北通上海，西南通香港。 北至京師六千一百三十四里。 廣三百七十七里，袤四百十二里。 北極高二十六度三分。 京師偏東三度。 領縣十。 閩衝，繁，疲，難。 倚。 府東偏。 東：鼓山，為郡之鎮。 東南：九仙、大象、南臺。 南：方山。 海自浙江溫州迤西南入福寧，環府之羅源、連江，至縣東百九十里，為五虎門。 其外大洋，其內閩江口。 閩江，閩大川，上匯富屯、沙、建三溪，至侯官分二派入：北派承洪山江，東逕中洲為南臺江，至中岐為馬頭江，合大定江、演江，亦曰東峽江，至羅星塔； 南派澤苗江入，為陶江，逕螺洲，左合黃山水，又東南為陰崎江，又東為烏龍江，右合榕溪，又東，亦曰西峽江，又東來會。 又東過青洲，右納太平港水，逕員山，又北支津北抵亭頭鄉。 又東為琅琦江，復歧為二，一西北出五虎門，一東南與長樂分岸，為廣石江。 梅花江出白猴嶼，併入焉。 其下歷興化、泉、漳至粵，水程二千里，陸千二百里。 閩海關總口二：一駐南臺，海防同知同； 一駐閩安鎮，副將同。 順治十五年築城，置戰船，南北岸砲臺。 縣丞駐營前，雍正十二年徙三水部。 關外、鎮口、中洲三鎮。 巡司三：閩安、五虎門、永慶。 三山、大田二驛。 侯官衝，繁，疲，難。 倚。 府西偏。 西南隅：閩山。 北隅：越王。 東北隅：冶山。 南：方山。 西南：怡山。 西：清泉。 西北：雪峰。 北：蓮花、壽山。 西北：梧桐嶺。 城南閩江，西北上承閩清大溪入，逕大竺，左合陳溪，至小箬，仍錯出復入，右合黿溪，左大目溪。 又東南，左合黃石溪，至過山洲，合陳塘溪，為馬瀆江。 又東過懷安洲，歧為二：北派東南左合五峰山水，為石岊江，又為螺江、金鎖江，至城西為洪山江，分流復合，左合西湖水； 南派右納樓梯嶺水，又南大樟溪自永福入，合浯溪、潢溪、喆溪、印溪，歧為澤苗港，先後來會，為澤苗江，又東南併入閩。 北宦溪出蓮花山，北會板橋塘水，折西，右合長箕嶺水，逕下密，折東北為日溪，為密溪，入連江。 西湖、東湖、南湖並堙。 西河場。 縣西：西江口，大使駐。 閩畫地為埕，漉海水曝之，與江、淮、浙煮鹽異。 縣丞駐大湖。 梅嶺、大穆、芋原、遼沙四鎮。 竹崎、五縣寨二巡司。 白沙、芋原二驛。 長樂疲，難。 府東南百里。 東：壺井山。 東南：龍泉。 西南：岱遇。 東北：越遷。 北、東、南際海。 北界閩之馬江口。 太平港自七岩山循界西北分入，一入其營前，一合資聖溪及文洽浦，自東水關貫城東出。 又北，合考溪入洋嶼。 又東至籌港為廣石江、梅花江、陳塘港，入貓嶼。 其外東沙、北犬、南犬，南為磁澳。 江西有仙岐寨、蕉山寨，西至漳港為漳江。 又南至壺井澳為壺井江。 又南至鐵爐嶼為巴頭港，三溪入。 其外雙帆石、東洛嶼、西洛嶼。 又南逕御國山、小祉、大祉，為松下江口，至福清界。 宋建炎初，陳可大始興水利。 乾道四年，徐謩為斗門及湖塘陂堰，溉田都二千八十三頃。 磁澳鎮。 廣石、籌港、澤里、厚福四汛。 貓嶼、蕉山、小祉廢巡司。 福清衝，繁，疲，難。 府南少東百三十五里。 城北隅：靈鷲山。 東：瑞岩。 東南：郭廬、海壇、南日。 東南際海。 自長樂迤西南為鼓嶼、貓嶼。 嶼頭龍江口、海口。 江上源崔溪，出西北百丈嶺，東匯龍潭山水、無患溪，曰西溪。 至城南，左合東皋山水，為龍首河，瀦為琵琶洋入。 又東南三山、高山、天馬山，至蓮盤。 北際御國山。 有大扁嶼、東沙。 自鼓嶼迤東南為大練門。 海壇南有三十六派湖。 其北：軍山、鐘山，西：水馬山，南：南茭山、草嶼、東甲、西甲。 又西：南日山，迤北：大岴、小岴，至逕江口。 南日江上游，逕江上承蘇漁溪入，西南江口橋至莆田界。 牛頭門、薛峰頭、上逕諸汛。 錦屏、江口二廢巡司。 宏路、蒜嶺二驛。 連江疲，難。 府東北百里。 城北：龍漈山。 西北：白岩、雲居。 城南：金鼇。 東南：定岐。 東北：馬鞍。 東際海。 自羅源迤南為北茭。 其南北竿塘山，與閩南竿塘直連江口。 江即鼇江，上匯羅源羅溪、長潭溪及鳳板溪，閩清雪峰水，寧德排樓溪於五縣寨口。 又東至羅侖渡為寶溪，又東為鼇江。 左合財溪、利安溪及雪溪； 又東逕東岱為岱江。 右合蟾步江，左珠浦，又東與東北鯉溪逕燕窩併入焉。 東湖溉田四萬餘畝。 定海、北茭、小埕三鎮。 東岱巡司。 羅源：衝。 府東北百六十里。 治鳳山南麓。 城北：文殊山、席帽。 西：四明。 西北：洪福萬。 東南：松崎。 東北際海。 自寧德迤南為鑒江口，東與東衝口直循東洛、西洛，又西可門、濂澳門、松崎江口。 城西：羅川出蔣山，合九溪、四明溪，歧為南北溪。 復合，東逕禹步跡，縣北九龍溪合起步溪來會，與白水溪、小護溪、大護溪並達於松崎江。 其東南至連江界。 西南：鳳板溪、長潭溪，西：霍口溪，上承侯官密溪。 左納蘇洋溪，屈東，南為羅溪。 左納老人山水，又東南入連江。 西北楊溪入寧德。 鑒江、濂澳、松山、上地四鎮。 古田衝，疲。 府西北二百七十里。 城北：翠屏山。 城西：北臺。 西南：九龍。 東：蓋竹。 大溪二源，東溪出杉洋鎮黃居嶺，西南右會太平山水，左納甘棠溪，又西南，左合石馬山水，右納富洋溪，又東，逕城東，為東溪。 屈南，西溪自其右來會。 南逕鳴玉灘，錯閩清復入。 劍溪自南平入，左合赤凌溪、嶺頭水，折東南，逕小武當山北來會。 曰水口，亦名塔溪，又東南入閩清。 東：蘇洋溪、老人山水，西南入羅源。 柯潭、平湖，各溉二十頃餘。 縣丞駐水口。 黃田鎮。 並有驛。 白溪、西溪二廢巡司。 屏南疲，難。 府西北二百二十里。 雍正十二年析古田置。 東南：羅經山。 南：仙字岩。 西南：靈峰。 城西：雙溪，南源出水竹洋，北源出天台嶺，合為龜溪。 又南至棠口為棠口溪。 右合白溪，折東南，其南龍漈溪、黛溪，併入寧德。 西南：甘棠溪。 西：富洋溪、牛溪。 閩清：簡。 府西北百二十里。 城西南：臺山。 西：鼎峰。 西北：白雲。 南：金鐘。 東北：鳳皇。 城東建江，西北自古田入，合東溪，錯入，合石步坑水； 又東南，右合大雄溪，錯侯官東北，陳溪注之。 又南，梅溪，出馬坑嶺，會瞿曇溪。 又西，左合峰洋溪，折東北，左合演水溪。 又北逕城西，環而東南，合蓋平、仁壽、孝順、金沙諸里小溪來會，曰閩清口，屈東北入侯官。 清窯鎮。 洋頭塘汛。 永福疲。 府西南百四十里。 東北：摩笄山。 北：文殊岩。 城南：大張。 南：陳山。 東：觀獵。 西南：高蓋，道書第七福地。 城東大樟溪，西南上承德化滻溪入，合洑溪為洑口溪。 又東北，左合東洋村及上下漈水，又東逕嵩口，至重光寺。 右納游溪，為西溪、為東溪，又東北，左合龜洋溪、漈溪，為雙溪。 右納游洋支津為大溪。 又東北，左合梧嶺水，右十八溪，又東北逕大樟山北，是為大樟溪，入侯官。 白葉湖，宋乾道二年修，溉十頃。 大樟鎮。 漈門巡司。
Fuzhou Prefecture: strategically important, busy, taxing, and difficult to administer. Under the Qing it served as the provincial capital. The Min-Zhe Governor-General doubled as provincial governor; the civil, judicial, foreign affairs, and education commissions; the salt, grain, constabulary, and industrial promotion circuits; and the Fuzhou general and vice commander-in-chief were all stationed here. In Daoguang 23 it became one of the five treaty ports opened to British trade. The foreign concession stood on the north bank of the Min River at Nantai, opposite the prefectural city. Shipping routes served Xiamen, Fuzhou, and Sandu Bay. Courier routes ran north over Xianxia Ridge to Jiangshan in Zhejiang; and southwest to Huanggang in Guangdong. Telegraph lines ran from Fuzhou north to Hangzhou, southwest to Guangzhou, east to Mawei and Chuanshi Hill, and northeast to Sandu Bay. Submarine cables ran east from Chuanshi Hill to Tamsui in Taiwan, and from Xiamen northeast to Shanghai and southwest to Hong Kong. It lies 6,134 li north of the capital. It measures 377 li from east to west and 412 li from north to south. Its latitude is 26°03′ N. It lies 3° east of the capital meridian. It governed ten counties. Min County: strategically important, busy, taxing, and difficult to administer. Attached to the prefectural seat. It lies east of the prefectural seat. To the east stands Gushan, the guardian peak of the prefecture. To the southeast are Jiuxian, Daxiang, and Nantai. To the south is Fangshan. The sea enters from Wenzhou in Zhejiang, sweeps southwest through Funing, skirts the prefecture's Luoyuan and Lianjiang, and at a point 190 li east of the county forms Wuhumen. Beyond lies the open ocean; within lies the mouth of the Min River. The Min River, Fujian's chief stream, gathers the Futun, Sha, and Jian creeks upstream; at Houguan it splits into two branches. The northern branch takes the Hongshan River, runs east past Zhongzhou as the Nantai River, becomes the Matou River at Zhongqi, joins the Dading and Yan rivers—also called the East Gorge River—and reaches Luoxing Pagoda; The southern branch receives the Zemiao River as the Tao River, passes Luozhou, joins Huangshan water on the left, turns southeast as the Yinqi River and east as the Wulong River, joins Rong Creek on the right, flows east—also called the West Gorge River—and reunites with the northern branch. It flows east past Qingzhou, takes in Taiping Harbor on the right, passes Yuanshan, and sends a northern branch channel north to Tingtou Township. Farther east it becomes the Langqi River and splits again: one branch northwest through Wuhumen, the other southeast along the Changle shore as the Guangshi River. The Meihua River, issuing from Baihou Islet, merges into it. Downstream it runs through Xinghua, Quanzhou, and Zhangzhou to Guangdong—a water route of 2,000 li and a land route of 1,200 li. The Min Maritime Customs maintained two main ports: one at Nantai, staffed jointly with the coastal defense subprefect; and one at Min'an Town, staffed jointly with the vice general. In Shunzhi 15 fortifications were built, war junks stationed, and batteries erected on both banks. The assistant magistrate was first posted at Yingqian and in Yongzheng 12 transferred to the Sanshui section. Market towns at Guanwai, Zhenkou, and Zhongzhou. Three inspection posts: Min'an, Wuhumen, and Yongqing. Courier stations at Sanshan and Datian. Houguan County: strategically important, busy, taxing, and difficult to administer. Attached to the prefectural seat. It lies west of the prefectural seat. In the southwest corner stands Minshan. In the north corner stands Yuewang. In the northeast corner stands Yeshan. To the south is Fangshan. To the southwest is Yishan. To the west is Qingquan. To the northwest is Xuefeng. To the north are Lianhua and Shoushan. To the northwest is Wutong Ridge. South of the city the Min River receives the Minqing Great Stream from the northwest, passes Dazhu, joins Chen Creek on the left, reaches Xiaoruo, loops out and back, and joins Yuan Creek on the right and Damu Creek on the left. It turns southeast, joins Huangshi Creek on the left, reaches Guoshanzhou, merges with Chentang Creek, and becomes the Madu River. East of Huaianzhou it splits again: the northern branch turns southeast, joins Wufengshan water on the left as the Shijie River, then the Luojiang and Jinsuo rivers, reaches the west wall as the Hongshan River, divides and reunites, and takes in West Lake water on the left; The southern branch takes in Loutiling water on the right; farther south the Dazhang Stream enters from Yongfu, gathers Wuxi, Huangxi, Zhexi, and Yinxi, branches as Zemiao Harbor, reunites as the Zemiao River, and flows southeast into the Min. The Beihuan Stream rises on Lianhua Mountain, meets Banqiaotang water to the north, turns west, joins Changqiling water on the right, passes Xiami, turns northeast as the Rixi and Mixi, and enters Lianjiang. West Lake, East Lake, and South Lake had all silted up. Salt works at Xihechang. West of the county at Xijiangkou an imperial envoy was posted. In Fujian salt is made by laying out coastal pans, drawing seawater, and sun-drying it—a method unlike the boiling process used along the Jiang, Huai, and Zhe coasts. The assistant magistrate was posted at Dahu. Market towns at Meiling, Damu, Yuyuan, and Liaosha. Inspection posts at Zhuqi and Wuxianzhai. Courier stations at Baisha and Yuyuan. Changle County: taxing and difficult to administer. It lies one hundred li southeast of the prefectural seat. To the east is Hujingshan. To the southeast is Longquan. To the southwest is Daiyu. To the northeast is Yueqian. Its north, east, and south all front the sea. On the north it borders the Matou River mouth in Min County. Taiping Harbor from Qiyanshan follows the border northwest and splits: one branch enters before the garrison, another joins Zisheng Creek and Wenqiapu, passes through the East Water Gate, and exits east of the city. It turns north, joins Kaoxi, and enters Yangyu. Farther east at Chougang it becomes the Guangshi River, Meihua River, and Chentanggang and enters Maoyu. Beyond lie Dongsha, Beiquan, and Nanquan; to the south is Ciao. On the west bank stand Xianqizhai and Jiaoshanzhai; west to Zhanggang it becomes the Zhang River. Farther south it reaches Hujing Bay and becomes the Hujing River. Farther south at Tielu Islet it becomes Batou Harbor, where three streams converge. Beyond lie Shuangfan Rock, Dongluo Islet, and Xiluo Islet. It continues south past Yuguo Mountain, Xiaozhi, and Dazhi as the Songxia River mouth to the Fuqing border. In the early Jianyan era of the Song, Chen Kedai first launched water-control projects. In Qiandao 4 Xu Mo built sluice gates, lakes, ponds, and embankments that irrigated 2,083 qing of fields in the district. Market town at Ciao. Coastal defense posts at Guangshi, Chougang, Zeli, and Houfu. Defunct inspection posts at Maoyu, Jiaoshan, and Xiaozhi. Fuqing County: strategically important, busy, taxing, and difficult to administer. It lies 135 li south and slightly east of the prefectural seat. In the city's northwest corner stands Lingjiu Mountain. To the east is Ruiyan. To the southeast are Guolu, Haitan, and Nanri. Its southeast fronts the sea. Southwest from Changle lie Guyu and Maoyu. At the islet head are Longjiangkou and Haikou. The river's upper reach is the Cui Stream, rising on Baizhang Ridge in the northwest; it gathers Longtan Mountain water and the Wuhuan Stream eastward and is called the West River. At the south wall it joins Donggao Mountain water on the left as the Longshou River, spreads into Pipa Bay, and enters the sea. It continues southeast past Sanshan, Gaoshan, and Tianma Mountain to Lianpan. To the north it borders Yuguo Mountain. Beyond lie Dabian Islet and Dongsha. Southeast from Guyu lies Dalian Gate. South of Haitan lies the Thirty-Six Branches Lake. To its north are Junshan and Zhongshan; to the west Shuimashan; to the south Nanjiaoshan, Caoyu, Dongjia, and Xijia. Farther west stands Nanri Mountain; northward lie Daqi and Xiaoqi, reaching Jingjiangkou. The upper Nanri River; the Jing River receives the Suyu Stream upstream and, at Jiangkou Bridge in the southwest, reaches the Putian border. Coastal defense posts at Niutoumen, Xuefengtou, and Shangjing. Defunct inspection posts at Jinping and Jiangkou. Courier stations at Honglu and Suanling. Lianjiang County: taxing and difficult to administer. It lies one hundred li northeast of the prefectural seat. North of the city stands Longji Mountain. To the northwest are Baiyan and Yunju. South of the city is Jin'ao. To the southeast is Dingqi. To the northeast is Ma'an. Its east fronts the sea. South from Luoyuan lies Beijiao. Its north and south Gangtang hills align directly with Min County's Gangtang hills at the river mouth. This river is the Ao River, which above gathers Luoyuan's Luo, Changtan, and Fengban streams, Minqing's Xuefeng water, and Ningde's Pailou Stream at Wuxianzhai Pass. It flows east to Luolun Ford as the Bao Stream and then east as the Ao River. On the left it joins Caixi, Li'an Creek, and Xuexi; then flows east past Dongdai as the Dai River. It takes in Chanbu River on the right and Zhupu on the left, then eastward merges with the Li Stream from the northeast at Yanwo. East Lake irrigates more than forty thousand mu of farmland. Market towns at Dinghai, Beijiao, and Xiaocheng. Inspection post at Dongdai. Luoyuan County: strategically important. It lies 160 li northeast of the prefectural seat. The county seat stands on the southern slope of Fengshan. North of the city are Wenshu Mountain and Ximao. To the west is Siming. To the northwest is Hongfuwan. To the southeast is Songqi. Its northeast fronts the sea. South from Ningde lies Jianjiangkou; eastward Dongchongkou runs straight along Dongluo and Xiluo; farther west are Kemen, Lianaomen, and Songqijiangkou. West of the city the Luo River rises on Jiangshan, joins Jiuxi and Siming Creek, and splits into northern and southern branches. They reunite and flow east past Yubuji; north of the county the Jiulong Stream joins the Qibu Stream and, together with the Baishui, Xiaohu, and Dahu streams, reaches the Songqi River. Southeast it reaches the Lianjiang border. To the southwest are the Fengban and Changtan streams; to the west the Huokou Stream, which above receives Houguan's Mixi. It takes in Suyang Stream on the left, bends east, and to the south becomes the Luo Stream. It takes in Laoren Mountain water on the left and flows southeast into Lianjiang. The Yang Stream in the northwest flows into Ningde. Market towns at Jianjiang, Lian'ao, Songshan, and Shangdi. Gutian County: strategically important and taxing. It lies 270 li northwest of the prefectural seat. North of the city stands Cuiping Mountain. West of the city is Beitai. To the southwest is Jiulong. To the east is Gaizhu. The Great Stream has two sources. The East Stream rises on Huangju Ridge at Shanyang Town, turns southwest joining Taiping Mountain water on the right and Gantang Creek on the left, then farther southwest joins Shimashan water on the left and Fuyang Creek on the right before flowing east past the city wall as the East Stream. It bends south where the West Stream joins from the right. It flows south past Mingyu Shoal, loops through Minqing, and re-enters. The Jian Stream enters from Nanping, joins Chiling Creek and Lingtou water on the left, turns southeast, and meets the main stream north of Xiaowudang Mountain. At Shuikou—also called Taxi—it flows southeast into Minqing. To the east are the Suyang Stream and Laoren Mountain water; southwest they flow into Luoyuan. Ketan and Pinghu each irrigate a little over twenty qing of fields. The assistant magistrate was posted at Shuikou. Market town at Huangtian. A courier station is also located there. Defunct inspection posts at Baixi and Xixi. Pingnan County: taxing and difficult to administer. It lies 220 li northwest of the prefectural seat. It was carved out of Gutian in Yongzheng 12. To the southeast is Luojing Mountain. To the south is Xianziyan. To the southwest is Lingfeng. West of the city the Twin Streams rise—one from Shuizhuyang in the south, one from Tiantai Ridge in the north—and unite as the Gui Stream. Farther south at Tangkou it becomes the Tangkou Stream. It joins Baixi on the right, turns southeast, and to the south the Longji and Dai streams flow into Ningde. To the southwest is Gantang Creek. To the west are Fuyang Creek and Niuxi. Minqing County: uncomplicated to administer. It lies 120 li northwest of the prefectural seat. Southwest of the city is Taishan. To the west is Dingfeng. To the northwest is Baiyun. To the south is Jinzhong. To the northeast is Fenghuang. East of the city, the Jian River enters from Gutian in the northwest, joins the Dong Creek, loops back in, and merges with Shibukeng water; Farther southeast it joins Daxiong Creek on the right, crosses northeast of Houguan, and Chen Creek flows into it. Farther south, Meixi Creek, rising from Makeng Ridge, meets Qutan Creek. Farther west it joins Fengyang Creek on the left, turns northeast, and joins Yanshui Creek on the left. Farther north it passes west of the city, loops southeast, gathers small creeks from Gaiping, Renshou, Xiaoshun, and Jinsha villages at Minqing Mouth, bends northeast, and enters Houguan. Qingyao Township. Yangtoutang garrison post. Yongfu County: taxing. It lay one hundred forty li southwest of the prefectural seat. To the northeast is Mojishan. To the north is Wenshu Rock. South of the city lies Dazhang. To the south is Chenshan. To the east is Guanlie. To the southwest is Gaogai, the seventh blessed land in Daoist texts. East of the city, the Dazhang Creek receives Chenghua's Mian Creek from the southwest, joins Fuxi Creek, and becomes Fukou Creek. Farther northeast it joins Dongyang Village and the upper and lower Ji waters on the left, runs east past Songkou to Chongguang Temple. It receives You Creek on the right, becomes Xi Creek and Dong Creek; farther northeast it joins Guiyang Creek and Ji Creek on the left, becoming Shuangxi Creek. It receives a branch channel of Youyang on the right as Daxi Creek. Farther northeast it joins Wuling water on the left and Shiba Creek on the right, runs northeast past the north side of Dazhang Mountain as Dazhang Creek, and enters Houguan. Baiye Lake was repaired in Song Qiandao 2 and irrigated ten qing of fields. Dazhang Township. Jim Gate patrol office.
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福寧府：衝。 隸福州道。 總兵駐。 明，州，領縣三。 雍正十二年為府，割福建之壽寧來隸，增霞浦。 乾隆四年，復析置福鼎。 西南距省治五百四十五里。 廣三百二十四里，袤二百三里。 北極高二十六度五十四分。 京師偏東三度四十一分。 領縣五。 霞浦衝，繁。 倚。 西南：霞浦山，縣以此名。 城北：龍首。 南：羅浮。 東：箬山。 西：慧日。 西北：望海。 東、南、西際海。 自福鼎迤南，小俞山、烏崎港。 楊家溪納梓柏洋溪為赤溪，折東為雉溪入。 又南三沙，迤西小皓，瓜溪入。 又西松山，赤岸溪合倒流溪、三澗水入。 又西百茶村，歐公河入。 又西南漁洋垾，後壠溪入。 又迤東南武崎山。 又南廢大金山千戶所。 又南羅浮山，是為三都澳，商埠、海關在焉。 又西葉山。 又南北壁。 又南東衝口。 又西至福安界。 其北獃頭山，霞浦溪入。 又北鹽田關，柘溪入。 其西坪溪、坑口溪、富溪，併入福安。 斗門閘溉田萬頃。 東沖、大金、古鎮、斗米、牙城五鎮。 柘洋、三沙二巡司。 高羅、楊家溪二廢司。 福鼎衝，繁。 府東北二百十里。 治桐山南麓。 東：福鼎山，縣以此名。 東：福全。 東南：茭陽。 西：鐵樟。 南：太姥。 東南際海。 自浙江平陽迤西南為沙埕港。 桐山溪出西北金尖山，屈東北，合金釵溪、茭溪、南溪，折南為烏溪。 合透埕溪、貫嶺溪，逕城東而南，合龍山溪為夾城溪，又東南為關盤港。 會三叉河、前歧溪、象溪，其西南會董江為白水江，又東南逕金嶼門入。 又西屏風山，有福安塘、彈江入。 又西黃崎山，篔簹溪入。 又西北九曲港，王柄溪會才溪、蔗溪、躍鯉溪、秋溪入。 又西峽門，硤門溪合濮陽溪入，又西至霞浦界。 西南：樟柏洋溪入霞浦，管洋溪入浙江泰順。 沙埕、峽門、南關三鎮。 秦嶼，參將駐。 有巡司。 瀲城廢司。 福安疲，難。 府西北百三十里。 城北隅：銅冠山。 城東：鶴山。 北：扆山。 東北：大東。 西：福源。 東南：馬頂、城山。 南：重金。 南際海。 自霞浦迤西南，為官井洋、白馬門口。 大溪二源：東溪北上承浙江泰順，寧壽後溪，自緣界入，右會蟾溪； 西溪上承寧壽托溪來會，為交溪，至城西棲雲潭，右合秦溪，是為大溪。 又東南，左納坑口西坪水，折西南，會松洋溪，為三江口。 又南為蘇江，右合薛阪，左赤石關水。 又東南為印江，黃崎江入。 又東南，逕白馬門、達官井洋，入于海。 有白石關巡司。 白石鎮廢司。 寧德疲，難。 府西南百三十里。 西：白鶴山。 東：官扈。 東南：金甌。 南：勒馬。 北：霍童山，白玉蟾云「三十六洞天第一」，高二十里，周五十里。 東南際海。 自福安迤西南為雲淡門，松洋溪支津西北自壽寧入，納麻陽峽水為南門溪。 顯聖溪緣屏南界合雙溪來會，為外渺溪。 又東南，左合赤溪，逕銅鏡為金乘港入。 又西南北溪，西北上承屏南龍漈溪入，逕石堂山合黛溪。 又南，東為金溪。 又東南，覆鼎嶼、白匏山、青山。 其南，青嶼門。 北溪南支合鍾洋溪，納楊溪，逕城北為藍田溪。 又東南合古溪，又東合蒲嶺水，為飛鸞江，合焦溪入。 又西南至羅源界。 其松洋溪經流東南入福安。 東湖、飛鸞鎮。 霍童巡司。 石堂二廢司。 壽寧簡。 府西北二百八十里。 城北隅：真武山。 北：立茂。 東：叢珠。 西：天馬。 托溪即北溪，西北自浙江慶元入，為九嶺溪。 又東南合西溪，至斜灘會南溪。 其北蟾溪出西北大熟嶺，會茗溪貫城東出，逕筆架山，屈東南，緣界併入福安達交溪。 又北，西溪出慶元界青田隘，東合官臺山官田洋水，又東為葛家渡溪。 又北後溪自浙江景寧入，為上地溪，合小東水。 又東，折北，錯泰順復入。 又東南為百步溪，右合武溪，復錯泰順與西溪合。 下游亦注交溪。 西南松洋溪自政和入，逕芹山至泗洲橋，支津西南出，又東南至溪口，併入寧德。 里老橋陂溉田二百餘畝。 漁溪巡司。
Funing Prefecture: strategically important. It was subordinate to Fuzhou Circuit. A brigade commander was stationed here. Under the Ming it was a subprefecture governing three counties. In Yongzheng 12 it was promoted to a prefecture; Shouning was transferred from Fujian to its jurisdiction, and Xiapu was added. In Qianlong 4 Fuding was carved out and established as a separate county. It lay five hundred forty-five li southwest of the provincial capital. It measured three hundred twenty-four li across and two hundred three li from north to south. Its northern border stood at north polar latitude twenty-six degrees fifty-four minutes. It lay three degrees forty-one minutes east of the capital. It governed five counties. Xiapu County: strategically important and busy. Attached to the prefectural seat. To the southwest is Xiapu Mountain, from which the county takes its name. North of the city is Longshou. To the south is Luofu. To the east is Ruoshan. To the west is Huiri. To the northwest is Wanghai. To the east, south, and west it bordered the sea. From Fuding the coast wound south past Xiaoyushan and Wuqi Harbor. Yangjia Creek received Ziboyang Creek as Chixi Creek, turned east as Zhixi Creek, and entered the sea. Farther south at Sansha, winding west to Xiaohao, Guaxi Creek entered. Farther west at Songshan, Chi'an Creek joined Daoliu Creek and Sanjian water and entered. Farther west at Baicha Village, Ougong River entered. Farther southwest at Yuyang Han, Houlong Creek entered. The coast wound farther southeast to Wuqi Mountain. Farther south stood the abolished Dajinshan Thousand-Household Garrison. Farther south at Luofu Mountain lay Sandu Bay, where the commercial port and customs office were located. Farther west at Yeshan. Farther south at Beibi. Farther south at Dongchong Mouth. Farther west to the border with Fu'an. To its north at Daitoushan, Xiapu Creek entered. Farther north at Yantian Pass, Zhe Creek entered. To its west, Ping Creek, Kengkou Creek, and Fu Creek merged into Fu'an. The Doumen sluice irrigated ten thousand qing of fields. Five townships: Dongchong, Dajin, Guzhen, Doumi, and Yacheng. Two patrol offices: Zheyang and Sansha. Two abolished patrol offices: Gaoluo and Yangjia Creek. Fuding County: strategically important and busy. It lay two hundred ten li northeast of the prefectural seat. The county seat lay at the southern foot of Tongshan. To the east is Fudingshan, from which the county takes its name. To the east is Fuquan. To the southeast is Jiaoyang. To the west is Tiezhang. To the south is Taimu. To the southeast it bordered the sea. From Pingyang in Zhejiang the coast wound southwest to Shacheng Harbor. Tongshan Creek rose from Jinjian Mountain in the northwest, bent northeast, joined Jinchai Creek, Jiao Creek, and Nan Creek, and turned south as Wuxi Creek. It joined Touchang Creek and Guanling Creek, passed east of the city and south, merged with Longshan Creek as Jiacheng Creek, and farther southeast became Guanpan Harbor. It met Sanhe River, Qianqi Creek, and Xiang Creek; to the southwest it merged with Dong River as Baishui River, and farther southeast passed Jin'yu Gate and entered the sea. Farther west at Pingfeng Mountain, Fu'an Tang and Dan River entered. Farther west at Huangqi Mountain, Yundang Creek entered. Farther northwest at Jiuqu Harbor, Wangbing Creek met Cai Creek, Zhe Creek, Yueli Creek, and Qiu Creek and entered. Farther west at Xiamen, Xiamen Creek joined Puyang Creek and entered; farther west to the border with Xiapu. To the southwest, Zhangboyang Creek entered Xiapu and Guanyang Creek entered Taishun in Zhejiang. Three townships: Shacheng, Xiamen, and Nanguan. At Qinyu an assistant general was stationed. There was a patrol office. Abolished Liancheng patrol office. Fu'an County: taxing and difficult to administer. It lay one hundred thirty li northwest of the prefectural seat. At the northwest corner of the city stood Tongguanshan. East of the city is Heshan. To the north is Yishan. To the northeast is Dadong. To the west is Fuyuan. To the southeast are Mading and Chengshan. To the south is Zhongjin. To the south it bordered the sea. From Xiapu the coast wound southwest to Guanjingyang and Baimamen Mouth. Daxi Creek had two sources: the Dong Creek branch ran north, received Hou Creek from Taishun in Zhejiang and Ningshou, entered along the border, and met Chan Creek on the right; The Xi Creek branch received Tuoxi from Ningshou and merged as Jiaoxi Creek; at Qiyun Pool west of the city it joined Qin Creek on the right, becoming Daxi Creek. Farther southeast it received Kengkou Xiping water on the left, turned southwest, met Songyang Creek, and became Sanjiang Mouth. Farther south it became Sujiang, joining Xueban on the right and Chishi Pass water on the left. Farther southeast it becomes the Yinjian River as the Huangqi River flows in. It runs farther southeast past Baimamen and Daguan Jingyang before reaching the sea. A Baishiguan patrol office was maintained there. The patrol office at Baishi Town had been abolished. Ningde County: taxing and difficult to administer. It lay 130 li southwest of the prefectural seat. To the west stood Baihe Mountain. To the east lay Guanhu. To the southeast lay Jin'ou. To the south lay Lema. To the north rose Huotong Mountain, which Bai Yuchan hailed as the foremost of the Thirty-Six Grotto Heavens—twenty li high and fifty li around. Its southeastern flank met the sea. Southwest from Fu'an the coast opens at Yundan Gate; a branch of Songyang Creek enters from Shouning in the northwest, receives Mayangxia water, and forms Nanmen Creek. Xiansheng Creek runs along the Pingnan boundary, meets Shuang Creek, and the two unite as Waimiao Creek. Farther southeast it takes in Chixi on the left, passes Tongjing as Jincheng Harbor, and flows on. Southwestward, Bei Creek receives Longji Creek from Pingnan in the northwest, runs past Shitang Mountain, and joins Dai Creek. Farther south, Jin Creek lay to the east. Farther southeast stood Fuding Islet, Baipao Mountain, and Qingshan. South of them lay Qingyu Gate. The southern branch of Bei Creek met Zhongyang Creek, received Yang Creek, ran north of the city wall, and became Lantian Creek. It flowed southeast into Gu Creek, then east into Pulingshui to form the Feiluan River, joined Jiao Creek, and continued on. Farther southwest it reached the Luoyuan border. The main channel of Songyang Creek ran southeast into Fu'an. East Lake and Feiluan Town. A Huotong patrol office was maintained. Two patrol offices at Shitang had been abolished. Shouning County: uncomplicated. It lay 280 li northwest of the prefectural seat. At the city's northwest corner stood Zhenwu Mountain. To the north lay Limao. To the east lay Congzhu. To the west lay Tianma. Tuoxi was Bei Creek: it entered from Qingyuan in Zhejiang to the northwest and was known as Jiuling Creek. Farther southeast it joined Xi Creek and, at Xietan, met Nan Creek. North of it, Chan Creek rose at Dashu Ridge in the northwest, met Ming Creek, cut east through the city, passed Bijiashan, bent southeast along the border, and merged into Jiao Creek in Fu'an. Farther north, Xi Creek rose at Qingtian Pass on the Qingyuan boundary, took in the waters of Guantai Mountain and Guantianyang, and farther east became Gejiadu Creek. Farther north, Hou Creek entered from Jingning in Zhejiang as Shangdi Creek and joined Xiaodong water. It ran east, turned north, crossed into Taishun, and re-entered the county. Farther southeast it became Baibu Creek, took in Wu Creek on the right, crossed into Taishun once more, and met Xi Creek. Its lower course also emptied into Jiao Creek. Southwestward, Songyang Creek entered from Zhenghe, ran past Qin Mountain to Sizhou Bridge; a branch cut southwest, then flowed southeast to Xikou and merged into Ningde. A barrage at Lilaqiao watered more than two hundred mu of farmland. A Yuxi patrol office was maintained.
7
延平府：衝，難。 延建邵道治所。 明，領縣七。 雍正十二年，割大田隸永春。 東南距省治三百六十里。 廣三百里，袤三百十八里。 北極高二十六度三十九分。 京師偏東一度四十九分。 領縣六。 南平衝，繁，難。 倚。 南：九峰山。 東南：屏山。 城西：虎頭。 東北：演仙。 西北：蓮花。 西南：金鳳。 劍江一曰建江，為閩江上流。 二源：東北東溪，上承建安建溪入，逕高桐，左合埂埕溪，右群仙洋、大小湆水，逕城東而南； 西北西溪，上承順昌大溪入，逕上洋口，左合鸕甪溪，又東南，右合黃泥溪，至雙溪口，右納沙溪，又東南，折東北，逕城南來會，是為劍江。 右合十里庵口溪、南平里溪、羅源溪，左納吉溪。 又東南，左合岳溪，右金鋼嶺水，尤溪亦自南來會。 又東，左合武步溪入古田。 東溪、黯淡灘、南溪、龍窟灘險甚。 嵢峽巡司。 又大曆廢司。 大橫、劍浦二驛。 順昌繁，難。 府西少北百二十里。 北：華陽山。 西：鳳山。 西南：大明。 西北：七臺。 城南大溪，二源：西北富屯溪，上承邵武大溪入，東南，左合順溪，右大幹溪，逕城西而南，亦曰礶砧溪； 西金溪，自將樂入，合交溪、婁杉溪來會，是為大溪。 右合洄村溪水、南溪，又東，右合石溪、棋溪，入南平。 鎮四：仁壽、上洋、大幹、安撫。 仁壽廢巡司。 將樂疲。 府西二百二十里。 城北：西臺山、龜山。 東：蓮花。 西：鐘樓。 東南：天階、烏石。 東北：封山、石帆。 南：仙人塘。 西南：五龍。 城南金溪，西北上承泰寧大溪入，逕萬全北，合常溪、竹洲溪、將溪，屈東南，右合三溪寨水，左望江溪、獬村溪，又東，右納池湖溪、水口溪，折東北，至城東南，是為金溪。 龍池溪合沙溪自北來會。 又東，左合安福口溪，逕三澗渡，右合常口溪、漠村溪，左瀨口溪、黃坑口溪，又東入順昌。 西北瓜溪，屈西北入泰寧。 萬安巡司。 沙繁，難。 府西南百二十里。 城北：鳳岡山。 西：岩山。 西北：陶金。 西南：呂峰。 北：將軍。 東北：馬笠。 東：玉山。 南：七朵。 其下沙溪，二源：一太史溪，西南上承永安燕水溪入，逕莘口，右合西霞坂水，左明溪，又北，右合蔣坑水，左斑竹溪、隴東溪，至城東南； 東溪出順昌界天柱山曰半溪，東南至漈口，又會瓦溪，合幼溪，又南逕城東來會，是為太史溪。 又東，左合鸕甪溪、玉溪、楊溪、下涌溪、下湖溪，右洛溪、琅溪、丹溪、高溪、漁溪，入南平。 北鄉砦巡司。 永安繁，難。 府西南三百里。 城東二山，南登雲塔，北栟櫚。 西北：黃楊岩。 東南：斗山。 東北：貢川。 城北燕水溪，西北上承清流九龍灘水入，逕大嶺，屈東，左合羅峰溪； 右櫞嶺水，至八仙岩。 東連城姑田溪自西南來會，是為燕水溪。 又東，右會南溪及浮流溪、林田水、桂溪，至城北，右合大梅溪，左益溪，又東北為貢溪，左納坊溪、田沙溪，右合青溪，其東南黃田嶺水，北合烏阬水為西霞坂水。 其北明溪自歸化入，又東併入。 鎮二：西洋、星橋。 安沙、小陶二巡司。 英果、黃楊、湖口三廢司。 尤溪繁，難。 府南百六十里。 城北：永山。 西南：鸕甪。 西：璠山。 東南：石井。 南：眠象。 東：參拜。 尤溪城南二源：湖田溪西南上承大田縣溪入，逕高才，左合包溪，右漈頭溪及汶水，又北，左合新橋溪，右寶溪，至城南； 青印溪出沙界羅岩峰，東南右合新坑水，左麻溪、小溪，逕城西來會，是為尤溪。 又東為雲潭，右合雙髻山源湖水，左華南溪，又東，左合塔兜，右資壽溪，入南平。 明溪北自歸化入，又東入沙。 官陂西南溉田數千頃，波及德化界。 高才坂巡司。
Yanping Prefecture: strategically important and difficult to administer. It served as the seat of the Yanjian-Shao Circuit. Under the Ming it governed seven counties. In Yongzheng 12 Datian County was severed and placed under Yongchun. It lay 360 li southeast of the provincial capital. It measured 300 li from east to west and 318 li from north to south. Its latitude is 26°39′ N. It lies 1°49′ east of the capital meridian. It governed six counties. Nanping County: strategically important, busy, and difficult to administer. Attached to the prefectural seat. To the south stood Jiufeng Mountain. To the southeast lay Pingshan. West of the city lay Hutou. To the northeast lay Yanxian. To the northwest lay Lianhua. To the southwest lay Jinfeng. The Jian River—also called the Jianjiang—formed the upper reaches of the Min River. It drew from two sources. To the northeast, Dong Creek received Jian Creek from Jian'an upstream, ran past Gaotong, took in Gengcheng Creek on the left and Qunxianyang and the Great and Small Kan streams on the right, passed east of the city, and flowed south; from the northwest, Xi Creek received Shunchang Great Creek upstream, passed Shangyangkou, joined Luze Creek on the left, then southeast took in Huangni Creek on the right; at Shuangxikou it received Sha Creek on the right, turned northeast, ran south of the city wall, and met the other branch—forming the Jian River. It took in Shiliankou Creek, Nanping Li Creek, and Luoyuan Creek on the right and Ji Creek on the left. Farther southeast it joined Yue Creek on the left and Jingangling water on the right, and You Creek came up from the south to meet it. It ran east, took in Wubu Creek on the left, and entered Gutian. Dong Creek, Andan Shoal, Nan Creek, and Longku Shoal were exceedingly perilous. A Cangxia patrol office was maintained. The patrol office at Dali had also been abolished. Post stations at Daheng and Jianpu. Shunchang County: busy and difficult to administer. It lay 120 li west and slightly north of the prefectural seat. To the north stood Huayang Mountain. To the west lay Fengshan. To the southwest lay Daming. To the northwest lay Qitai. South of the city, Great Creek had two sources. To the northwest, Futun Creek received Shaowu Great Creek upstream, ran southeast, took in Shun Creek on the left and Dagan Creek on the right, passed west of the city wall, and flowed south—also known as Guanzhen Creek; from the west, Jin Creek entered from Jiangle, met Jiao Creek and Loushan Creek, and together they formed Great Creek. It took in Huicun Creek and Nan Creek on the right, then farther east Shi Creek and Qi Creek on the right, and entered Nanping. Market towns at Renshou, Shangyang, Dagan, and Anfu. The patrol office at Renshou had been abolished. Jiangle County: taxing. It lay 220 li west of the prefectural seat. North of the city stood Xitaishan and Guishan. To the east lay Lianhua. To the west lay Zhonglou. To the southeast lay Tianjie and Wushi. To the northeast lay Fengshan and Shifan. To the south lay Xianrentang. To the southwest lay Wulong. South of the city, Jin Creek rose in the northwest and received Taining Great Creek, ran north of Wanquan, joined Chang Creek, Zhuzhou Creek, and Jiang Creek, bent southeast, took in Sanxizhai water on the right and Wangjiang Creek and Xiecun Creek on the left, then east received Chihu Creek and Shuikou Creek on the right, turned northeast, and reached the city's southeast corner—forming Jin Creek. Longchi Creek united with Sha Creek flowing down from the north. It ran east, took in Anfukou Creek on the left, passed Sanjian Ferry, joined Changkou Creek and Mocun Creek on the right and Laikou Creek and Huangkengkou Creek on the left, then flowed east into Shunchang. Northwestward, Guaxi Creek bent northwest and entered Taining. A Wan'an patrol office was maintained. Sha County: busy and difficult to administer. It lay 120 li southwest of the prefectural seat. North of the city wall stood Fenggang Mountain. To the west lay Yanshan. To the northwest lay Taojin. To the southwest lay Lü Peak. To the north lay Jiangjun. To the northeast lay Mali. To the east lay Yushan. To the south lay Qiduo. Below it, Sha Creek had two sources. One was Taishi Creek, which upstream received Yong'an's Yanshui Creek from the southwest, passed Xinkou, took in Xixia Ban water on the right and Ming Creek on the left, then northward joined Jiangkeng water on the right and Banzhu Creek and Longdong Creek on the left, reaching the city's southeast corner; East Creek rose at Tianzhu Mountain on the Shunchang border, called Ban Creek, ran southeast to Jikou, met Wa Creek, joined You Creek, then flowed south past the city's east side to unite—forming Taishi Creek. Farther east it took in Luci Creek, Yuxi Creek, Yang Creek, Xiayong Creek, and Xiahuxi Creek on the left and Luo Creek, Lang Creek, Dan Creek, Gao Creek, and Yu Creek on the right, then entered Nanping. A Beixiangzhai patrol office was maintained. Yong'an County: busy and difficult to administer. It lay 300 li southwest of the prefectural seat. Two hills stood east of the city: Dengyun Pagoda to the south and Bangluo to the north. To the northwest lay Huangyang Rock. To the southeast lay Doushan. To the northeast lay Gongchuan. North of the city, Yanshui Creek upstream received Jiulong Tan water from Qingliu in the northwest, passed Daling, bent east, and took in Luofeng Creek on the left; and Yuanling water on the right, reaching Baxian Rock. Donglian Cheng Gutian Creek flowed in from the southwest to meet it—forming Yanshui Creek. Farther east it met Nan Creek, Fuli Creek, Lintian water, and Gui Creek on the right; reaching the north side of the city wall, it joined Damei Creek on the right and Yi Creek on the left, then northeast became Gong Creek, taking in Fang Creek and Tiansha Creek on the left and Qing Creek on the right; Huangtianling water to the southeast and Wukeng water to the north united as Xixia Ban water. North of it, Ming Creek entered from Guihua and merged in farther east. Market towns at Xiyang and Xingqiao. Patrol offices at Ansha and Xiaotao. Three patrol offices—at Yingguo, Huangyang, and Hukou—had been abolished. Youxi County: busy and difficult to administer. It lay 160 li south of the prefectural seat. North of the city stood Yongshan. To the southwest lay Luci. To the west lay Fanshan. To the southeast lay Shijing. To the south lay Mianxiang. To the east lay Canbai. South of Youxi city, the creek had two sources. Hutian Creek upstream received Datian County Creek from the southwest, passed Gaocai, took in Bao Creek on the left and Jitou Creek and Wenshui on the right, then northward joined Xinqiao Creek on the left and Bao Creek on the right, reaching the south side of the city; Qingyin Creek rose at Luoyan Peak on the Sha border, ran southeast taking in Xinkeng water on the right and Ma Creek and Xiao Creek on the left, passed west of the city to meet the other stream—forming You Creek. Farther east it became Yuntan, took in Shuangji Mountain lake water on the right and Huanan Creek on the left, then eastward joined Tadou on the left and Zishou Creek on the right before entering Nanping. Ming Creek entered from Guihua in the north and flowed east into Sha. Guan Dam in the southwest irrigated several thousand qing of fields, reaching into Dehua territory. A Gaocaiban patrol office was maintained.
8
建寧府：衝，繁。 隸延建邵道。 明領縣八。 雍正十二年，割壽寧屬福寧。 東南距省治四百八十里。 廣四百九十五里，袤四百三十里。 北極高二十七度四分。 京師偏東二度。 領縣七。 建安衝，疲，難。 府東南。 東北隅：黃華山。 城南：覆船山。 東北：馬鞍山。 東南：象山。 西南：龍池。 建溪亦曰建江，二源：松溪東北自政和入，屈西南，左合川石漈，右東遊、橫谷、坤口、千源諸溪，又西南，左合東萇溪、沙溪，至城東南為東溪； 又西，西溪自甌寧逕城西南來會，是為建溪。 又南逕太平驛，右合古老嶺、下溪、秦溪及其支津，左納百丈溪、房村口溪，入南平。 雙溪、大官陂各溉田十一頃。 迪口縣丞。 房村巡司。 太平一驛。 甌寧衝，繁。 附府西北。 北：天湖山。 西北：烏石。 東：東山。 城西：龍首。 城南：覆船。 東北：天堂。 西溪二源：建陽溪自縣入，東南逕葉坊驛； 柘溪自浦城入，迤西南，左合蓬嶺水來會，為雙溪口，又南，右合吉陽溪、興賢溪、躍鱗溪，左紫溪、宜均溪，至城北分流，復合於臨江門外，是為西溪。 百丈溪出縣西北山，合登仙里水，東遊溪出東北侖口，併入建安。 巧溪出西黃源嶺，入順昌。 鳳坑水出東北白石山，東入松溪。 將軍山下陂溉田千餘頃。 吉陽、營頭二巡司。 葉坊、城西二驛。 建陽衝，疲。 府西北百二十里。 城西隅：大潭山。 西三十里，太平、九峰、唐石。 西北：蘆峰。 北：闌干。 東北：硯山。 南：蓮臺。 西南：五峰。 建陽溪亦建溪，二源並西北：崇溪自崇安入，曰北溪，左合陳溪，又南折東，左合芹溪，至河船，右合石船溪，左錦溪及油溪，屈西南至城東南； 西溪出西北毛虛漈山，會竹溪、瓦溪，屈南，右合化龍溪，折東，右合莒溪、馬伏溪，左龍口溪，逕玉枕峰西，又東來會，是為建溪，亦曰交溪。 迤東南逕樟灘，左合窯溪、將溪，右長湍溪、吳墩溪、徐墩溪，入甌寧。 油陂溉田五十頃。 西：麻沙鎮。 南：蓋竹鎮。 南槎巡司。 建溪一驛。 崇安衝，繁。 府西北二百四十里。 南：武夷山，道書第十六洞天，周百二十里，峰三十六，岩三十七，岸壁紅膩，棱疊可愛。 北：黃石。 東北：濟拔。 西北：三髻。 西：白華。 東：仙洲。 東南：寨山。 崇溪二源：東溪出東北石臼里。 匯岑陽、寮竹諸山水，西南，左合小渾溪，右浴水溪、嵐溪、新豐溪，至大渾里，右合大漈溪，又西南至林渡； 西溪出西北分水嶺，會大安源、雙溪，又東，左合溫林、觀音二寨水來會，是為崇溪。 又南過押衙洲，分流復合，逕城東，右合黃龍溪。 又南，左合梅溪，迤西右合九曲溪，屈南至黃庭，右合黃石溪及籍溪，又東南入建陽，為北溪。 蘆陂溉田萬餘頃。 鎮二：溫嶺、黃亭。 五夫里巡司。 興田、裴村、大安三驛。 浦城衝，繁。 府東北二十七里。 治黃華山南麓。 城東隅：越王山。 城北：橫山。 東北：太姥、蓋仙、仙霞嶺。 南：回隆。 西南：西陽。 東南：金斗。 柘溪、南浦溪出東北柘嶺西南，右合灰塢漈、上溪，左半源、漁倉、里洋諸水，又西，右合漁梁溪，左官田溪，側城西南，凍蕤夾岸，亦曰梅花溪。 新溪出西北百丈山，合洪源溪來會，是為柘溪。 又南，右合東源溪，左大石溪，又西南，右合臨江溪，左富嶺溪，逕曹村，右合石陂溪，又南入甌寧。 北盆亭溪，西會小竿嶺、梨嶺水，詹溪，入江西廣豐，注信溪。 富嶺，縣丞治。 鎮一：漁梁。 巡司二：廟灣、溪源。 驛二：小關、人和。 松溪簡。 府東百六十里。 治蹲獅子山南麓石壁山。 東：王認山。 東南：七峰。 西：皆望。 東北：鸞峰。 松溪二源，分出浙江龍泉小梅、慶元溫嶼而合，逕木城隘入。 西南逕舊縣塘，左納新窯水，又西，右納松源溪，又西至城東南，右合杉溪、白石溪，又西南入政和。 吳村，縣丞駐。 渭田巡司。 政和簡。 府東百四十五里。 東：池棟山。 東南：大風。 南：飛鳳、洞宮山，道書三十七洞天。 東北：天柱峰。 西北：南禪。 松溪自其縣入，逕常口，迤東南至西津渡。 七星溪逕鐵山口，合石龜溪、胡屯溪，又西合茶溪，逕城南合官湖，又西南來會。 又南，亦曰當陽溪，左合小層溪，右山表溪，入建安為東溪。 東北新阬水，出天柱山，東南雙澗溪出溪門嶺，合下園溪、李洋水，併入壽寧。 又南和溪出西表嶺，入寧德。 范屯諸陂四十有四。 下庄巡司。 又苦竹廢巡司。
Jianning Prefecture: strategically important and busy. It was subordinate to the Yan-Jian-Shao Circuit. Under the Ming it governed eight counties. In Yongzheng 12 Shouning was transferred to Funing Prefecture. It lay 480 li southeast of the provincial seat. It measured 495 li from east to west and 430 li from north to south. Its latitude was 27°04′ N. It lay 2° east of the capital meridian. It governed seven counties. Jian'an County: strategically important, taxing, and difficult to administer. It lay southeast of the prefectural seat. At the northeast corner stood Huanghua Mountain. South of the city stood Fuchuan Mountain. To the northeast lay Ma'an Mountain. To the southeast lay Xiangshan. To the southwest lay Longchi. Jian Creek, also called Jian River, had two sources. Song Creek entered from Zhenghe in the northeast, bent southwest, took in Chuanshi Ji on the left and Dongyou, Henggu, Kunkou, and Qianyuan creeks on the right, then southwest joined Dongchang Creek and Sha Creek on the left, reaching the city's southeast corner as East Creek; Farther west, West Creek from Ouning passed southwest of the city to meet it—forming Jian Creek. It ran south past Taiping Post, took in Gulaoling, Xia Creek, Qin Creek, and their branch channels on the right and Baizhang Creek and Fangcunkou Creek on the left, then entered Nanping. Shuang Creek and Daguan Dam each irrigated eleven qing of fields. An assistant magistrate was stationed at Dikou. A Fangcun patrol office was maintained. One courier post at Taiping. Ouning County: strategically important and busy. Attached to the prefectural seat; it lay to the northwest. To the north stood Tianhu Mountain. To the northwest lay Wushi. To the east lay Dongshan. West of the city stood Longshou. South of the city stood Fuchuan. To the northeast lay Tiantang. West Creek had two sources. Jianyang Creek entered from the county and ran southeast past Yefang Post; Zhe Creek entered from Pucheng, wound southwest, and took in Pengling water on the left at Shuangxikou; farther south it joined Jiyang Creek, Xingxian Creek, and Yuelin Creek on the right and Zixi Creek and Yijun Creek on the left; north of the city wall it split and reunited outside Linjiang Gate—forming West Creek. Baizhang Creek rose in the county's northwestern hills and joined Dengxianli water; Dongyou Creek rose at Lunkou in the northeast—both flowed into Jian'an. Qiao Creek rose at Huangyuan Ridge in the west and entered Shunchang. Fengkeng water rose at Baishi Mountain in the northeast and flowed east into Song Creek. The dam below Jiangjun Mountain irrigated more than a thousand qing of fields. Patrol offices at Jiyang and Yingtou. Courier posts at Yefang and Chengxi. Jianyang County: strategically important and taxing. It lay 120 li northwest of the prefectural seat. At the city's west corner stood Datan Mountain. Thirty li west lay Taiping, Jiufeng, and Tangshi. To the northwest lay Lufeng. To the north lay Langan. To the northeast lay Yanshan. To the south lay Liantai. To the southwest lay Wufeng. Jianyang Creek, also called Jian Creek, had two sources both from the northwest. Chong Creek entered from Chong'an as North Creek, took in Chen Creek on the left, bent south and east, and joined Qin Creek on the left; at Hechuan it joined Shichuan Creek on the right and Jin Creek and You Creek on the left, then bent southwest to the city's southeast corner; West Creek rose at Maoxu Ji Mountain in the northwest, met Zhu Creek and Wa Creek, bent south, took in Hualong Creek on the right, turned east, joined Ju Creek and Mafu Creek on the right and Longkou Creek on the left, passed west of Yuzhen Peak, then flowed east to meet the other stream—forming Jian Creek, also called Jiao Creek. It wound southeast past Zhangtan, took in Yao Creek and Jiang Creek on the left and Changtuan Creek, Wudun Creek, and Xudun Creek on the right, and entered Ouning. You Dam irrigated fifty qing of fields. To the west lay Mashazhen market town. To the south lay Gaizhu market town. A Nanqiao patrol office was maintained. One courier post at Jian Creek. Chong'an County: strategically important and busy. It lay 240 li northwest of the prefectural seat. To the south rose Wuyi Mountain—the sixteenth grotto heaven in Daoist geography—120 li around, with thirty-six peaks and thirty-seven rock faces; its cliff walls were ruddy and smooth, layered and lovely. To the north lay Huangshi. To the northeast lay Jiba. To the northwest lay Sanji. To the west lay Baihua. To the east lay Xianzhou. To the southeast lay Zhaishan. Chong Creek had two sources. East Creek rose at Shijiu Li in the northeast. Gathering the waters of Cenyang, Liaozhu, and other hills, it ran southwest, took in Xiao Hun Creek on the left and Yushui Creek, Lan Creek, and Xinfeng Creek on the right, reached Dahun Li, joined Daji Creek on the right, then continued southwest to Lindu; West Creek rose at Fen shui Ridge in the northwest, met Da'an Yuan and Shuang Creek, then eastward took in the waters of Wenlin and Guanyin stockades to unite—forming Chong Creek. Farther south it passed Yayazhou, split and reunited, ran east of the city, and took in Huanglong Creek on the right. Farther south it took in Mei Creek on the left; winding west it joined Jiuqu Creek on the right, bent south to Huangting, took in Huangshi Creek and Ji Creek on the right, then flowed southeast into Jianyang as North Creek. Lu Dam irrigated more than ten thousand qing of fields. Market towns at Wenling and Huangting. A Wufu Li patrol office was maintained. Courier posts at Xingtian, Peicun, and Da'an. Pucheng County: strategically important and busy. It lay 27 li northeast of the prefectural seat. The county seat stood at the southern foot of Huanghua Mountain. At the city's east corner stood Yuewang Mountain. North of the city stood Hengshan. To the northeast lay Taimu, Gaixian, and Xianxia Ridge. To the south lay Huilong. To the southwest lay Xiyang. To the southeast lay Jindou. Zhe Creek and Nanpu Creek rose southwest of Zhe Ridge in the northeast, took in Huiwu Ji and Shang Creek on the right and Banyuan, Yucang, and Liyang waters on the left, then westward joined Yuliang Creek on the right and Guantian Creek on the left; skirting the city's southwest wall, plum blossoms lined both banks—it was also called Meihua Creek. Xin Creek rose at Baizhang Mountain in the northwest, joined Hongyuan Creek, and together they formed Zhe Creek. Farther south it took in Dongyuan Creek on the right and Dashi Creek on the left; then southwest joined Linjiang Creek on the right and Fuling Creek on the left, passed Caocun, took in Shipi Creek on the right, and flowed south into Ouning. Northward, Panting Creek met Xiaogan Ridge and Liling water and Zhan Creek in the west, entered Guangfeng in Jiangxi, and discharged into Xin Creek. At Fuling an assistant magistrate was stationed. One market town at Yuliang. Patrol offices at Miaowan and Xiyuan. Courier posts at Xiaoguan and Renhe. Songxi County: uncomplicated. It lay 160 li east of the prefectural seat. The county seat stood at Shibi Mountain on the southern foot of Dunshizi Mountain. To the east stood Wangren Mountain. To the southeast lay Qifeng. To the west lay Jiewang. To the northeast lay Luan Peak. Song Creek had two sources that split from Xiaomei in Longquan, Zhejiang, and Wenyu in Qingyuan before reuniting and entering through Mucheng Pass. It ran southwest past Jiuxian Pond, took in Xinyao water on the left, then westward received Songyuan Creek on the right; reaching the city's southeast corner it joined Shan Creek and Baishi Creek on the right, then flowed southwest into Zhenghe. At Wucun an assistant magistrate was stationed. A Weitian patrol office was maintained. Zhenghe County: uncomplicated. It lay 145 li east of the prefectural seat. To the east stood Chidong Mountain. To the southeast lay Dafeng. To the south stood Feifeng and Donggong Mountain—the thirty-seventh grotto heaven in Daoist geography. To the northeast lay Tianzhu Peak. To the northwest lay Nanchan. Song Creek entered from Songxi County, passed Changkou, and wound southeast to Xijin Ferry. Qixing Creek passed Tieshan Pass, joined Shigui Creek and Hutun Creek, then westward met Cha Creek, ran south of the city wall and joined Guan Lake, then came southwest to meet Song Creek. Farther south, also called Dangyang Creek, it took in Xiaoceng Creek on the left and Shanbiao Creek on the right and entered Jian'an as East Creek. Northeastward, Xinkeng water rose at Tianzhu Mountain; southeastward, Shuangjian Creek rose at Ximen Ridge, joined Xiayuan Creek and Liyang water, and flowed into Shouning. Farther south, He Creek rose at Xibiao Ridge and entered Ningde. Forty-four irrigation dams stood at Fantun and elsewhere. A Xiazhuang patrol office was maintained. The patrol office at Kuzhu had also been abolished.
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邵武府：衝，疲。 隸延建邵道。 明屬福建布政司。 順治三年，隸武平道及分守建南道。 康熙六年並廢，改。 東南距省六百七十里。 廣二百二十里，袤二百六十里。 北極高二十七度二十一分。 京師偏東一度五分。 領縣四。 邵武衝，繁，疲，難。 倚。 西南：殊山，為郡祖龍。 西：登高。 南：福山。 東：雞鳴。 東南：浮潭。 北：雲際。 東北：泉山。 邵武溪即大溪，西北上承光澤交溪入，中合中坊溪，左勛溪。 又東南，左合田段漠口，右和順高家渡龍斗溪，逕紫雲灘，右合溪西鎮龍橋藥村水。 又東至城北，左合石鼓溪、石樵溪，又東南，右合鹿口溪、銅青溪、大竹溪。 折東，左合拿口上下溪，右密溪。 又南，左合驕溪，至板孔灘，右合外石，左衛閩溪。 又南，右合謝坊，左下黃溪、綉溪，至水口，右合桃溪，又東南入順昌。 官坊溪出東南官尖峰，西南入泰寧，注龍湖溪。 黃溪溉田四十頃。 烏坂城，城東。 黃土關，西南。 有黃土三鹽場。 水口、拿口巡司二。 光澤衝，難。 府西北八十里。 城東：羅嘉山。 西南：管蜜。 西北：大和、昂山。 東北：烏君塢。 西溪上承馬嶺山水，自江西新城入，東逕羅家渡，右會象牙山岩嶺隘，左石螺山水，為西溪。 迤北，左得小禾山水，又東至水口，左納硃溪，右陳溪，折北合大嶺水，至冊下。 左合馬丫山、何家山、上下原諸水，逕城西，支津入城為九曲溪。 又北，過牛洲至城東，復與雲岩水來會。 又東至烏洲。 北溪東北自鉛山馬鈴隘入，逕雲際關南會大棋山水。 又西南，左合延寮，右火燒關水，至舉賢，右合苦株阬，左肩盤嶺水，又西逕小寺州，右納冷水坑水。 又西南，右合峰坳水，又南逕城東來會，是為交溪。 又東南，右合花園水，入邵武。 西北大和山水，其西牛田水，併入蘆溪。 松林陂溉田八頃。 清化鎮。 大寺巡司。 建寧疲，難。 府西南二百十里。 西北：白鹿山。 北：何家。 東南：大弋。 城東：南山。 西：鳳山。 城南：濉江，西南上承寧化寧溪入，左合都溪及里源溪，又北，右合金鐃山水，又東北，右合百丈嶺水，是為濉溪，逕城東而北，匯為何潭。 又東，右合開山溪，逕橫口，左納永城溪，右合武調溪及馮家漈溪，又北，東入泰寧。 東南黃土嶺水，東入歸化。 雙溪、張家陂各溉田七頃。 泰寧簡。 府西南百四十里。 城西隅：爐峰山。 北：鍾石。 西：青蓮。 東北：旗山。 南：石山。 大溪亦東溪，東北上承邵武官坊溪入，右會龍湖。 東溪納龍湖，逕濟橋，右納交溪，左合梅林溪及硃口溪。 又西南，合龍門溪及將溪，至山夾橋，左納黃溪，至城東，右合杉溪，匯於何潭，是為城東三澗。 折西，左合福沖溪、均福溪、二十四溪，至南會保，右合瑞溪、石塘溪，建寧濉江亦自西來會，是為雙溪口。 折南，右合龍安溪、金口溪，又東南為布溪，入將樂。 樂思壩本鸕甪陂，溉田四十頃。
Shaowu Prefecture: strategically important and taxing. It was subordinate to the Yan-Jian-Shao Circuit. Under the Ming it belonged to the Fujian Provincial Administration Commission. In Shunzhi 3 it was placed under the Wuping Circuit and the Jiannan defense circuit. In Kangxi 6 both circuits were abolished and the arrangement was changed. It lay 670 li southeast of the provincial seat. It measured 220 li from east to west and 260 li from north to south. Its latitude was 27°21′ N. It lay 1°05′ east of the capital meridian. It governed four counties. Shaowu County: strategically important, busy, taxing, and difficult to administer. Attached to the prefectural seat. To the southwest stood Shushan, the guardian dragon of the prefecture. To the west lay Denggao. To the south lay Fushan. To the east lay Jiming. To the southeast lay Futang. To the north lay Yunji. To the northeast lay Quanshan. Shaowu Creek—that is, Great Creek—upstream received Guangze's Jiao Creek from the northwest, midway joined Zhongfang Creek, and took in Xun Creek on the left. Farther southeast it took in Tianduan Mokou on the left and Heshun Gaojiadu Longdou Creek on the right, passed Ziyun Shoals, and joined Yao Village water on the right at Long Bridge west of the town. It ran east to the north side of the city wall, took in Shigu Creek and Shiqiao Creek on the left, then southeast joined Lukou Creek, Tongqing Creek, and Dazhu Creek on the right. Bending east, it took in Nakou upper and lower creeks on the left and Mi Creek on the right. Farther south it took in Jiao Creek on the left; at Bankong Shoals it joined Waishi on the right and Weimin Creek on the left. Farther south it took in Xiefang on the right and Xiahuang Creek and Xiuxi Creek on the left; at Shuikou it joined Tao Creek on the right, then flowed southeast into Shunchang. Guanfang Creek rose at Guanjian Peak in the southeast and flowed southwest into Taining, discharging into Longhu Creek. Huang Creek irrigated forty qing of fields. Wuban Fort stood east of the city. Huangtu Pass lay to the southwest. Three salt fields operated at Huangtu. Patrol offices at Shuikou and Nakou. Guangze County: strategically important and difficult to administer. It lay 80 li northwest of the prefectural seat. East of the city stood Luojia Mountain. To the southwest lay Guanmi. To the northwest lay Dahe and Angshan. To the northeast lay Wujun Wu. West Creek upstream received Maling Mountain water, entered from Xincheng in Jiangxi, ran east past Luojia Ferry, met Xiangyashan Rock Pass on the right and Shiluo Mountain water on the left—forming West Creek. Winding north, it took in Xiaohe Mountain water on the left, then east to Shuikou received Zhuxi Creek on the left and Chen Creek on the right, bent north and joined Daling water, reaching Cexia. On the left it joined the waters of Mayashan, Hejiashan, and upper and lower Yuan, passed west of the city wall, and a branch channel entered the city as Jiuqu Creek. Farther north, passing Niuzhou to the east side of the city, it reunited with Yunyan water. It ran east to Wuzhou. North Creek entered from the northeast through Qianshan Maling Pass, passed south of Yunji Pass, and met Daqi Mountain water. Farther southwest it took in Yanliao on the left and Huoshaoguan water on the right; at Juxian it joined Kuchu Keng on the right and Jianpan Ridge water on the left, then westward passed Xiaosi Prefecture and received Lengshuikeng water on the right. Farther southwest it took in Feng'ao water on the right, then southward passed east of the city to meet West Creek—forming Jiao Creek. Farther southeast it took in Huayuan water on the right and entered Shaowu. To the northwest, Daheshan water and Niutian water to its west merge into the Luxi. The Songlin Dam irrigates eight qing of farmland. Qinghua Town. Dasi inspection post. Jianning County: taxing and difficult to administer. It lies two hundred ten li southwest of the prefectural seat. To the northwest is Bailushan. To the north is Hejia. To the southeast is Dayi. East of the city stands Nanshan. To the west is Fengshan. South of the city the Sui River receives the Ning Stream from Ninghua in the southwest, joins Duxi and Liyuan Stream on the left, turns north, takes in Jinaoshan water on the right, turns northeast, takes in Baizhangling water on the right, becomes the Suixi, runs east of the city and north, and gathers as Hetan Pool. It flows east, joins Kaishan Stream on the right, passes Hengkou, takes in Yongcheng Stream on the left, merges with Wudiao Stream and Fengjiaji Stream on the right, turns north, and enters Taining to the east. To the southeast, Huangtu Ridge water flows east into Guihua. The Shuangxi and Zhangjia dams each irrigate seven qing of farmland. Taining County: administratively light. It lies one hundred forty li southwest of the prefectural seat. In the west corner of the city stands Lufengshan. To the north is Zhongshi. To the west is Qinglian. To the northeast is Qishan. To the south is Shishan. The Daxi, also called the Dongxi, receives Guanfang Stream from Shaowu from the northeast upstream and joins Longhu on the right. The Dongxi takes in Longhu, passes Jiqiao, receives Jiaoxi on the right, and joins Meilin Stream and Zhukou Stream on the left. It turns southwest, merges with Longmen Stream and Jiang Stream, reaches Shanqia Bridge, takes in Huangxi on the left, reaches east of the city, joins Shanxi on the right, and gathers at Hetan Pool—the three streams east of the city. It turns west, joins Fuchong Stream, Junfu Stream, and Ershisi Stream on the left, reaches Nanhui, merges with Ruixi and Shitang Stream on the right; Jianning's Sui River also arrives from the west to meet it at Shuangxikou. It turns south, joins Long'an Stream and Jinkou Stream on the right, turns southeast as the Buxi, and enters Jiangle. The Lesiba, originally the Lu'u Dam, irrigates forty qing of farmland.
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汀州府：衝，繁，疲。 隸汀漳龍道。 東北距省治九百七十五里。 廣三百五十五里，袤四百三十里。 北極高二十五度四十七分。 京師偏東二分。 領縣八。 長汀衝，繁。 倚。 今治南城。 北：臥龍山。 東：馬鞍。 城南：圓珠、宣嚴。 西：玉女。 東北：翠峰。 東南：七寶。 鄞江即汀水，東北自寧化入，右合將軍山、天井山水，又西南出龍門峽，右合梓步溪，又南為湘洪峽，右合小湘溪。 折西，右合北溪及東溪，又西南，右合篁竹嶺水，逕城南，右會西溪。 又南，左合南溪，又東南，左合鍾家坑諸水。 又西南，左合黃風溪，濯田溪合桃楊隘水、臘溪、黃峰水、桐木坑水，逕濯田自其西來會。 又南，左合羊角溪，右納小瀾溪，入上杭，下至廣東下埔為韓江，至澄海入海。 東：虎忙嶺水，其南牛尾嶺水，又南八仙岩水，併入連城。 其西磯頭水，入上杭。 西北貢水，即湖漢水，入江西瑞金，為貢江，行七百餘里，下流與章江會為贛江。 大城寨巡司。 館前、臨汀、三洲三驛。 寧化簡。 府東北六十里。 城北：翠華山。 南：五靈。 西南：南山。 東：墨瓦。 東北：寶螺。 西北：西華。 大溪二源：西溪西南出狐棲嶺，東匯為蛟湖，折北，左會陳家坑水、覺溪，折東至城東南； 東溪，北出建寧界三都嶺，又南，左合罕坑，右若竹嶺水來會，是為大溪。 有烏路峽。 右合合溪及上坪村諸水，與其南安樂水、羅溪併入清流。 西南龍蘿山水，入長汀。 西北寧溪，東北入建寧。 七里圳導竹篙嶺水自新安橋至西溪三百五十丈，溉田數千頃。 縣丞駐泉上里。 石牛、安遠二巡司。 清流簡。 府東北二百里。 城北：屏山。 南：龍山。 東：東華。 東北：國母崠。 東：隘嶺。 清溪即大溪，西北上承寧化大溪入，左合三港溪、鄭家坑溪，右合安樂水，逕城南，右合嚴坊水，左嵩溪、梓材坑水，又東南至羅口。 文川溪，上承連城清溪入，合楮嶺水，會羅溪。 又東北，合官坊溪來會。 又東，左合油瓶、隔右、洞口水，又東入永安。 東北夢溪合芹溪、炭山水入注之。 鐵石磯廢巡司。 歸化簡。 府東北二百九十里。 南：樓臺鼓角山。 西南：銀瓶玉盞。 東：龜山。 東南：南山。 西：黃牛。 北：蛾眉。 東北：龍西嶂。 明溪西出永安界五通坳，會大嶺水，逕城北，右合黃溪而東，左合隘門叉，右雪山水。 又珩溪、小明溪，又東左合瀚溪，又東為沙溪，左合無塵坑，右呂源水，至紫口坊。 右合夏陽溪，折東南，左合紫雲臺水，與南大吉溪、胡坊溪併入永安。 西北鋪溪出黃婆山，會寧化泉、上里水。 又北建寧水，自長嶺隘入，合楓溪來會，折東，左合鼇坑，右丘地、茶坑二水，又東北入將樂。 東北瓦溪入沙。 大陂圳西北長二十里，溉田數萬畝。 夏陽巡司。 明溪驛。 連城簡。 府東南百四十里。 北：蟠龍山、蕭坑。 南：銀屏。 東：蓮峰。 東南：天馬。 東北：馬坑。 文川溪源自西南五磜，東北，右會金雞山，左張坊水，逕城南而東，合草笠山水。 折北，左合李坊水，至麻潭，右合楮嶺水。 又西北，左納虎忙嶺、牛尾屴二水，折東北入清流。 西南豐頭溪，源自郎村隘，左會岡上水，右會牛尾屴南水。 又西南，左合莒溪、苧園溪，右納八仙岩水，入上杭。 東南曲溪，其南賴源水，並東北入永安。 少西大東溪，又西隔溪，並東南入寧洋。 北團寨巡司。 上杭衝，繁。 府南二百四十里。 北：紫金山。 東北：覆籮。 東：冷洋。 東南：鐵障。 南：橫琴。 西：展旗。 西南：羊廚。 城南大溪二源：鄞江西北自長汀入，屈東南，左合射溪、金山溪，右九華溪，至水鋪塘，右納檀溪，至九洲關； 豐頭溪東北自連城入，右納磯頭水，左合九曲溪、苦竹溪，又西南來會，是為大溪。 屈南，逕城東而南，瀨溪自西南來會。 橫琴岡一曰龍翔溪，又南，左合安鄉溪，至樟樹潭，左納豐稔溪，又西南，右合白沙磜水，又東南，左會永定溪，右合磜頭水，入廣東大埔，注神泉河。 縣丞駐峰市。 平西、籃屋二驛。 武平簡。 府西南二百六十里。 北：交椅山。 東：梁野。 西：靈洞。 武平溪二源：東北大豐溪，源自永平寨東，左會當風嶺水，右合漁溪，左靈聚溪，西南，左合下黃溪、黃沙溪，為化龍溪，至硃阬西北； 大溪自江西會昌入，左合石徑嶺水，徑武平所東，屈南，右合溪頭水來會，是為武平溪。 又西南，左合岩前寨水，入廣東鎮平，注大溪。 東中保水，東南象洞水，併入上杭。 北大順溪，東北，左納石子嶺水，入長汀。 西南馬戰崠水，西北張阬水，分入江西長寧、會昌。 象洞、永平二巡司。 永定繁，難。 府東南三百六十里。 北：龍岡山。 南：掛榜。 西：印匣。 西北：黎袍崠。 東北：寒袍崠。 東：圓嶺。 永定溪東北上承龍岩、文筆山水，逕富嶺北，屈西南，左合分水嶺水，右文溪、武溪，至溪口，右合涼傘寨，左湖雷水，逕城東。 又西南，左合當風坳，右分水坳水，入上杭。 東南金豐溪，出岩背山，西會下佛子隘水，屈西南，左合高頭水、莒溪、香南溪，右鳴岐嶺、新村水，入廣東大埔。 西北豐稔溪，出茫盪洋山，錯上杭，會大豐壩水復入，合合溪、香溪、跳魚溪、躍鱗溪、湯湖溪，再錯復入，合小大阜漈水仍入之。 三層嶺、太平砦二巡司。 興化廢司。
Tingzhou Prefecture: strategically important, busy, and taxing to administer. It was subordinate to the Ting-Zhang-Long Circuit. It lay nine hundred seventy-five li northeast of the provincial seat. It measured three hundred fifty-five li from east to west and four hundred thirty li from north to south. Its latitude is 25°47′ N. It lies 2′ east of the capital meridian. It governed eight counties. Changting County: strategically important and busy. Attached to the prefectural seat. The present county seat is Nancheng. To the north is Wolongshan. To the east is Ma'an. South of the city are Yuanzhu and Xuanyan. To the west is Yunü. To the northeast is Cuifeng. To the southeast is Qibao. The Yinjiang, or Ting River, enters from Ninghua in the northeast, joins Jiangjunshan and Tianjingshan water on the right, turns southwest through Longmen Gorge, merges with Zibu Stream on the right, turns south as Xianghong Gorge, and joins Xiaoxiang Stream on the right. It turns west, merges with Beixi and Dongxi on the right, turns southwest, takes in Huangzhu Ridge water on the right, passes south of the city, and meets Xixi on the right. It turns south, joins Nanxi on the left, turns southeast, and takes in the waters of Zhongjiakeng on the left. It turns southwest, joins Huangfeng Stream on the left; the Zhuotian Stream gathers Taoyang'ai water, Laxi, Huangfeng water, and Tongmukeng water, passes Zhuotian, and comes from the west to meet it. It turns south, joins Yangjiao Stream on the left, takes in Xiaolan Stream on the right, and enters Shanghang; downstream it becomes the Han River at Xiapu in Guangdong and reaches the sea at Chenghai. To the east, Humang Ridge water; south of it Niuywei Ridge water; and farther south Baxianyan water—all flow into Liancheng. West of these, Jitou water flows into Shanghang. To the northwest, the Gong River, also called Huhanshui, enters Ruijin in Jiangxi as the Gong River, runs more than seven hundred li, and downstream joins the Zhang River to form the Gan River. Dachengzhai inspection post. Courier stations at Guanqian, Linting, and Sanzhou. Ninghua County: administratively light. It lies sixty li northeast of the prefectural seat. North of the city stands Cuihuashan. To the south is Wuling. To the southwest is Nanshan. To the east is Mowa. To the northeast is Baoluo. To the northwest is Xihua. The Daxi has two sources: the Xixi rises southwest on Huqi Ridge, gathers east as Jiaohu Lake, turns north, meets Chenjiakeng water and Juexi on the left, and turns east to southeast of the city; the Dongxi rises north from the Jianning border at Sandu Ridge, turns south, joins Han'keng on the left and Ruozhu Ridge water on the right to meet, forming the Daxi. There is Wulu Gorge. It joins Hexi and Shangpucun waters on the right, and with its Anle water and Luoxi merges into Qingliu. To the southwest, Longluoshan water flows into Changting. To the northwest, the Ning Stream flows northeast into Jianning. The Qili Canal diverts Zhugao Ridge water from Xinan Bridge to the Xixi for three hundred fifty zhang, irrigating several thousand qing of farmland. The assistant magistrate was posted at Quanshangli. Inspection posts at Shiniu and Anyuan. Qingliu County: administratively light. It lies two hundred li northeast of the prefectural seat. North of the city stands Pingshan. To the south is Longshan. To the east is Donghua. To the northeast is Guomudong. To the east is Ai Ridge. The Qing Stream, or Daxi, receives the Ninghua Daxi from the northwest upstream, joins Sangang Stream and Zhengjiakeng Stream on the left, merges with Anle water on the right, passes south of the city, takes in Yanfang water on the right and Song Stream and Zicaikeng water on the left, and runs southeast to Luokou. The Wenchuan Stream receives Liancheng's Qing Stream upstream, joins Zhuling water, and meets the Luoxi. It turns northeast and merges with Guanfang Stream. It flows east, joins Youping, Geyou, and Dongkou waters on the left, and enters Yong'an to the east. To the northeast, the Meng Stream joins Qin Stream and Tanshan water and flows in to join it. The abolished Tieshiji inspection post. Guihua County: administratively light. It lies two hundred ninety li northeast of the prefectural seat. To the south is Loutai Gujiao Mountain. To the southwest are Yiping and Yuzhan. To the east is Guishan. To the southeast is Nanshan. To the west is Huangniu. To the north is Emei. To the northeast is Longxizhang. The Ming Stream rises west from the Yong'an border at Wutong'ao, meets Daling water, passes north of the city, joins Huang Stream and turns east, takes in Aimencha on the left and Xueshan water on the right. Then the Heng Stream and Xiaoming Stream; it runs east, joins Han Stream on the left, becomes the Sha Stream, takes in Wuchenkeng on the left and Lüyuan water on the right, and reaches Zikoufang. It joins Xiayang Stream on the right, turns southeast, takes in Ziyuntai water on the left, and with Daji Stream and Hufang Stream to the south flows into Yong'an. To the northwest, the Pu Stream rises on Huangpo Mountain and meets Ninghua Quan and Shangli waters. It turns north; Jianning water enters from Changling Pass, joins Feng Stream, turns east, takes in Aokeng on the left and Qiudi and Chakeng waters on the right, and flows northeast into Jiangle. To the northeast, Wa Stream flows into Sha. The Dabei Canal runs twenty li to the northwest and irrigates tens of thousands of mu of farmland. Xiayang inspection post. Mingxi courier station. Liancheng County: administratively light. It lies one hundred forty li southeast of the prefectural seat. To the north are Panlongshan and Xiaokeng. To the south is Yinping. To the east is Lianfeng. To the southeast is Tianma. To the northeast is Makeng. The Wenchuan Stream rises at Wuji in the southwest, turns northeast, meets Jinji Mountain on the right and Zhangfang water on the left, runs east past the south wall, and joins Caolishan water. It turns north, joins Lifang water on the left, reaches Matan, and takes in Zhuling water on the right. It turns northwest, takes in Humang Ridge and Niuywei waters on the left, turns northeast, and enters Qingliu. To the southwest, the Fengtou Stream rises at Langcun Pass, meets Gangshang water on the left and Niuywei south water on the right. It turns southwest, joins Juxi and Zhuyuan Stream on the left, takes in Baxianyan water on the right, and flows into Shanghang. To the southeast, Qu Stream; south of it Laiyuan water—both flow northeast into Yong'an. Slightly west, the Dadong Stream; farther west, Gexi—both flow southeast into Ningyang. Beituansai inspection post. Shanghang County: strategically important and busy. It lies two hundred forty li south of the prefectural seat. To the north is Zijinshan. To the northeast is Fuluo. To the east is Lengyang. To the southeast is Tiezhang. To the south is Hengqin. To the west is Zhanqi. To the southwest is Yangchu. South of the city the Daxi has two sources: the Yinjiang enters from Changting in the northwest, bends southeast, joins She Stream and Jinshan Stream on the left and Jiuhua Stream on the right, reaches Shuiputang, takes in Tan Stream on the right, and reaches Jiuzhou Pass; The Fengtou Stream enters from Liancheng in the northeast, takes in Jitou water on the right, joins Jiuqu Stream and Kuzhu Stream on the left, turns southwest to meet, forming the Daxi. It bends south, runs past the south wall, and Laixi comes from the southwest to join it. Hengqin Ridge, also called Longxiang Stream, turns south, joins Anxiang Stream on the left, reaches Zhangshutan, takes in Fengren Stream on the left, turns southwest, merges with Baishaqia water on the right, turns southeast, meets Yongding Stream on the left, joins Qiatou water on the right, enters Dabu in Guangdong, and flows into the Shenquan River. The assistant magistrate was posted at Fengshi. Courier stations at Pingxi and Lanwu. Wuping County: administratively light. It lies two hundred sixty li southwest of the prefectural seat. To the north is Jiaoyishan. To the east is Liangye. To the west is Lingdong. The Wuping Stream has two sources: to the northeast, the Dafeng Stream rises east of Yongpingzhai, meets Dangfeng Ridge water on the left, joins Yuxi on the right and Lingju Stream on the left, turns southwest, merges with Xiahuang Stream and Huangsha Stream on the left, becomes the Hualong Stream, and reaches Zhukeng in the northwest; The Daxi enters from Huichang in Jiangxi, joins Shijing Ridge water on the left, passes east of Wuping Post, bends south, merges with Xitou water on the right, forming the Wuping Stream. It turns southwest, joins Yanqianzhai water on the left, enters Zhenping in Guangdong, and flows into the Daxi. To the east, Zhongbao water; to the southeast, Xiangdong water—both flow into Shanghang. To the north, the Dashun Stream turns northeast, takes in Shizi Ridge water on the left, and flows into Changting. To the southwest, Mazhagang water; to the northwest, Zhangkeng water—each flows separately into Changning and Huichang in Jiangxi. Inspection posts at Xiangdong and Yongping. Yongding County: busy and difficult to administer. It lies three hundred sixty li southeast of the prefectural seat. To the north is Longgangshan. To the south is Guabang. To the west is Yinxia. To the northwest is Lipaogang. To the northeast is Hanpaogang. To the east is Yuanling. The Yongding Stream receives Longyan and Wenbishan water from the northeast upstream, passes north of Fuliling, bends southwest, joins Fenshui Ridge water on the left and Wen Stream and Wuxi on the right, reaches Xikou, takes in Liangsanzhai on the right and Hulei water on the left, and runs east of the city. It turns southwest, joins Dangfeng'ao on the left and Fenshui'ao water on the right, and flows into Shanghang. To the southeast, the Jinfeng Stream rises on Yanbei Mountain, meets Xiafozi Pass water to the west, bends southwest, joins Gaotou water, Juxi, and Xiangnan Stream on the left and Mingqi Ridge and Xincun water on the right, and flows into Dabu in Guangdong. To the northwest, the Fengren Stream rises on Mangdangyang Mountain, crosses into Shanghang, meets Dafengba water and re-enters, joins Hexi, Xiangxi, Tiaoyu Stream, Yuelin Stream, and Tanghu Stream, crosses the boundary and re-enters again, joins Xiaodafuji water, and re-enters once more. Inspection posts at Sancengling and Taipingsai. The abolished Xinghua inspection post.
11
漳州府：衝，繁，疲，難。 汀漳龍道。 漳州總兵駐。 明，領縣十。 清初因之。 雍正十二年，升龍岩為直隸州。 漳平、寧洋割隸。 嘉慶元年，析平和、詔安地增置雲霄廳。 東北距省治六百八十里。 廣二百七十里，袤二百九十里。 北極高二十四度三十二分。 京師偏東一度二十分。 領縣七，廳一。 龍溪衝，繁，疲，難。 倚。 城西北隅：登高山。 北：天柱。 西北：九龍。 南：名第。 東：文山。 東南：龍漈。 西：天寶。 九龍江西北上承漳平九龍溪入，逕涵口，又南為華崶溪。 又東南，左合石兀山水，逕下漳，左納高層溪，右三腳灶水，入為汰溪。 碧溪至香洲渡，左納龍津溪為郭溪，又東為柳營江。 南門溪上承南靖大溪入為梅溪，支津入城。 又東，合龍漈山水，至三叉河歧為石碼港，又東北來會，為福河。 又東為錦江，過許茂烏礁歧為二，分出二洲間，併入海澄，與南溪合入海。 通判駐石碼。 鎮四：東關外、木屐、石尾、玉洲。 驛三：江東、甘棠、丹霞。 有新岱巡司。 九龍、柳營江二廢司。 海澄難。 府東南五十里。 雍正十一年割漳浦之鎮海衛來隸。 西南：儒山。 北：文圃。 南：席帽。 東：吳養。 西南：侯山。 東南：鹿石。 東、南、北際海。 北自同安迤西南為浮宮港。 南溪，西南上承南靖馬坪溪，緣界為馬口溪，又東南為倒港，歧為二：一東北逕白水營北入； 一東北逕城南，復歧為二，一東夾洲入，一北逕城西而北為普賢港，逕沈嶼為盧沈港，會龍溪、石碼港、錦江，又東過恆溪、玉枕二洲，逕胡使二嶼、圭嶼與海滄港，達同安鼓浪嶼入焉。 鎮四：鎮海、浯嶼、海滄、海門。 海門、濠門、島美三廢巡司。 南靖繁，疲。 府西四十里。 南：林壁山、西天山、獨坐。 東北：岩倉嶺。 東：峽口。 西南：麒麟。 西北：朝天嶺。 城南雙溪二源：大溪亦西溪，西南自和平入，為高港，西北逕長窯墟，折東北為小溪口，左納博平嶺水，折東南為鯉魚溪、船場溪，合象溪，納琯溪，至旗尾渡； 小溪亦東溪，西北自漳平入為員沙溪，又南合沄水、阬水，折東合鵝髻山水，又南逕金山北，出涌口至太監嶺，西合涵溪，折東，左納苦竹村水，又南來會，為雙溪口。 折東，逕城南，為湖山溪，又東南為峽口溪，又東入龍溪。 馬坪溪自平和緣界合老灶山水，又北，東入漳浦。 龍磜陂溉田三千餘畝。 巡司二：和溪、永豐。 又九龍砦廢司。 驛一：平南。 漳浦衝，繁，難。 府南百二十里。 城北：羅山。 南：梁山，西麓盤陀嶺。 西南：將軍。 東：海雲。 東北：太武。 東南：良山。 東南際海。 自海澄迤西南為井尾澳，黃女江入。 又南將軍澳。 迤西虎頭山，山北六鼇廢所。 又西竹嶼、浮頭港。 李澳川西北上承平和五寨溪入，右合崎溪，又東南為秦河，又東南逕龍頭保入，又西南為古雷城，至雲霄廳界。 其北杜潯溪入。 南溪上承南靖馬坪溪，緣界合小溪，又東逕大帽山北入海澄。 縣丞駐佛曇。 鎮一：杜潯。 驛二：臨漳、盤陀嶺。 平和衝，繁。 府西南二百里。 東北：長盧山。 東：九牙。 南：天馬。 西北：象湖。 東南：大夆，四溪出焉。 曰河頭溪，西會官寮山水為合溪、粗溪，又西逕樓宅山，至城南。 又西，右合大蘆溪，入廣東大埔，注清遠河。 曰高山溪，東北，左會小坪山水，右合南勝溪。 又東北為琯溪，左合高溪、碧微溪，右九團溪，又東北入南靖。 曰河上溪，東南會白石山水為三合溪，又東南合佛幾嶺水，入雲霄廳。 曰徐阬溪，西南會陳溪、天馬山水，又南，左合下陂溪、馬溪入詔安。 東南五寨溪，東入漳浦為李澳川。 高港溪東北入南靖為大溪。 南靖故城，縣丞駐。 鎮二：南勝、庵後。 有琯溪巡司。 詔安衝，繁。 府西南二百五十里。 城西：良峰山。 西北：金雞。 北：烏山。 東：奇山。 東南：川陵。 東南際海。 自雲霄廳迤西南為銅山廢所，東北與古雷城直為石城嶼。 其西漸山、八尺門汛。 其間後澳港、大陂溪合梅洲溪入，有金石廢司。 其南南浦，又西南宮前，迤西北懸鐘廢所。 東溪東北上承平和徐阬溪，合下陂溪，又南，右合白葉洞水，又東南合赤溪，逕城東園林歧為二，一自東沈村循甲州而東，一自奧雅頭右合磁窯溪，逕牛姆礁，入于海。 南南澳，總兵駐。 又西至廣東饒平界。 新陂溉二千餘畝。 鎮九：懸鐘、雲澳、青澳、西砲臺、草寮尾、紅花嶺、分水關及銅林之後林村、宮前村。 銅山場大使。 漳潮巡司。 驛二：南詔、大碑塘。 長泰簡。 府東北三十八里。 西北：良岡山。 北：董峰。 東：天柱、蜈蚣。 東北：內方。 龍津溪出東北林口隘，東南，左合芹果溪，又南左合白桐山水，右歧為岩溪，注高層溪，入龍溪。 又南，左合馬洋溪、可壠溪，折西逕城南，又西南逕鼎山北入龍溪。 有朝天嶺廢巡司。 雲霄廳中。 府西南百六十里。 嘉慶三年，析平和、詔安置。 東：大臣山。 南：馬山。 西：將軍。 西南：直武崎。 西北：呈奇嶺。 東南際海。 自漳浦迤西南，杜潯港入。 又西，西林溪，西北上承平和白石溪入廳北，又南逕大田，左合嶺腳水，右納龍頭水，又南逕為西林溪，右合將軍山水，側城東南，右合御史嶺水，與杜潯港達於漳江。 陳岱港出城東南盤石，東南流，逕八尺門，入于海。 石蛇尾、梅州二鎮。
Zhangzhou Prefecture: strategically important, busy, taxing, and difficult to administer. Ting-Zhang-Long Circuit. The Zhangzhou regional commander was garrisoned here. Under the Ming it governed ten counties. In the early Qing the arrangement remained unchanged. In Yongzheng 12 Longyan was raised to directly administered subprefecture status. Zhangping and Ningyang were detached from Zhangzhou and placed under Longyan. In Jiaqing 1 territory from Pinghe and Zhao'an was carved out to establish Yunxiao Subprefecture. It lay six hundred eighty li northeast of the provincial seat. It measured two hundred seventy li from east to west and two hundred ninety li from north to south. Its latitude is 24°32′ N. It lies 1°20′ east of the capital meridian. It governed seven counties and one subprefectural department. Longxi County: strategically important, busy, taxing, and difficult to administer. Attached to the prefectural seat. In the northwest corner of the city stands Denggaoshan. To the north is Tianzhu. To the northwest is Jiulong. To the south is Mingdi. To the east is Wenshan. To the southeast is Longji. To the west is Tianbao. The Jiulong River receives Zhangping's Jiulong Stream from the northwest upstream, passes Hankou, and turns south as the Huafeng Stream. It turns southeast, joins Shiwushan water on the left, passes Xiazhang, takes in Gaoceng Stream on the left and Sanjiaozao water on the right, and becomes the Taixi. The Bixi reaches Xiangzhou Ferry, takes in Longjin Stream on the left as the Guoxi, and turns east as the Liuying River. The Nanmen Stream receives Nanjing's Daxi upstream as the Meixi; a branch channel enters the city. It flows east, joins Longjishan water, reaches Sanhe River and splits as Shima Harbor, then turns northeast to reunite as the Fu River. It flows east as the Jin River, passes Xumao Reef and splits in two between two islets, merges into Haicheng, and joins the Nan Stream to reach the sea. The subprefect was posted at Shima. Market towns outside Dong Gate, at Muji, Shiwei, and Yuzhou. Courier stations at Jiangdong, Gantang, and Danxia. There is a Xindai inspection post. Two abolished inspection posts: Jiulong and Liuying River. Haicheng County: difficult to administer. It lies fifty li southeast of the prefectural seat. In Yongzheng 11 Zhenhai Guard from Zhangpu was detached and placed under its jurisdiction. To the southwest is Rushan. To the north is Wenpu. To the south is Ximao. To the east is Wuyang. To the southwest is Houshan. To the southeast is Lushi. Its east, south, and north all border the sea. Northward from Tong'an the coast turns southwest to form Fugong Harbor. The Nan River rises in the southwest from Maping Creek in Nanjing; along the border it is called Makou Creek, then turns southeast as Daogang and splits in two—one branch runs northeast past the north side of Baishui Garrison and enters; The other runs northeast past the south wall, splits again—one branch enters east between islets, the other turns north past the west wall as Puxian Harbor, passes Shen Isle as Lushen Harbor, joins Long Creek, Shima Harbor, and the Jin River, runs east past the Heng Creek and Yuzhen islets, skirts Hushi Twin Islets and Gui Isle with Haicang Harbor, and reaches Tong'an and Gulang Isle to enter the sea. Garrison towns at Zhenhai, Wuyu, Haicang, and Haimen. The abolished inspection posts of Haimen, Haomen, and Daomei. Nanjing County: heavily populated and revenue-exhausted. It lies forty li west of the prefectural seat. To the south stand Linbi Mountain, Xitian Mountain, and Duzuo. To the northeast lies Yancang Ridge. To the east is Xiakou. To the southwest is Qilin. To the northwest lies Chaotian Ridge. South of the city the Twin Creeks rise from two sources: the Great Creek, also called the West Creek, enters from Heping in the southwest as Gaogang, runs northwest past Changyao Market, turns northeast as Xiaoxikou, takes Boling Ridge water on the left, turns southeast as Liyu Creek and Chuanchang Creek, joins Xiang Creek and Guan Creek, and reaches Qiwai Ford; The Little Creek, also the East Creek, enters from Zhangping in the northwest as Yuansha Creek, turns south to join Yunshui and Kengshui, turns east to join Goose-crest Mountain water, runs south past the north of Jinshan, exits at Yongkou to Taizian Ridge, joins Han Creek on the west, turns east, takes Kuchu Village water on the left, and comes south to meet the other branch at Shuangxikou. The united stream turns east past the south wall as Hushan Creek, then southeast as Xiakou Creek, and enters Long Creek to the east. Maping Creek from Pinghe follows the border, joins Laozao Mountain water, turns north, and enters Zhangpu from the east. The Longqi Weir irrigates more than three thousand mu of farmland. Inspection posts at Hexi and Yongfeng. Also the abolished Jiulong Stockade inspection post. A courier station at Pingnan. Zhangpu County: strategically important, heavily populated, and difficult to administer. It lies one hundred twenty li south of the prefectural seat. North of the city stands Luoshan. To the south is Liangshan; on its western slope stands Pansuo Ridge. To the southwest is Jiangjun. To the east is Haiyun. To the northeast is Taiwu. To the southeast is Liangshan. Its southeast borders the sea. Southwest from Haicheng lies Jingwei Bay, where the Huangnu River enters the sea. Farther south is Jiangjun Bay. The coast turns west to Hutou Mountain; north of the mountain stood the abolished Liudiao post. Farther west lie Zhuyu Isle and Futou Harbor. Li'ao River rises in the northwest from Wuzhai Creek in Pinghe and enters the county; joins Qi Creek on the right, runs southeast as the Qin River, passes Longtou Bao and enters, turns southwest as Gulei City, and reaches the Yunxiao Subprefecture border. North of it Duxun Creek enters from the sea. The Nan River rises from Maping Creek in Nanjing, joins the Little Creek along the border, runs east past the north of Damao Mountain, and enters Haicheng. An assistant magistrate was stationed at Fotan. A garrison town at Duxun. Courier stations at Linzhang and Pansuo Ridge. Pinghe County: strategically important and heavily populated. It lies two hundred li southwest of the prefectural seat. To the northeast is Changlu Mountain. To the east is Jiuya. To the south is Tianma. To the northwest is Xianghu. To the southeast is Dafeng, source of four creeks. Hetou Creek joins Guanliao Mountain water to the west as Hexi and Cuxi, runs west past Louzhai Mountain, and reaches the south wall. Farther west it joins Dalu Creek on the right, crosses into Dabu in Guangdong, and enters the Qingyuan River. Gaoshan Creek runs northeast, taking Xiaoping Mountain water on the left and Nansheng Creek on the right. It turns northeast as Guan Creek, joins Gaoxi and Biwei Creek on the left and Jiutuan Creek on the right, and enters Nanjing from the northeast. Heshang Creek runs southeast, joins Baishi Mountain water as Sanhe Creek, then joins Foji Ridge water and enters Yunxiao Subprefecture. Xukeng Creek runs southwest, joins Chen Creek and Tianma Mountain water, turns south, takes Xiapo Creek and Ma Creek on the left, and enters Zhao'an. Wuzhai Creek in the southeast runs east into Zhangpu as Li'ao River. Gaogang Creek runs northeast into Nanjing as the Great Creek. The old seat of Nanjing County; an assistant magistrate was stationed there. Garrison towns at Nansheng and Anhou. An inspection post at Guan Creek. Zhao'an County: strategically important and heavily populated. It lies two hundred fifty li southwest of the prefectural seat. West of the city stands Liangfeng Mountain. To the northwest is Jinji. To the north is Wushan. To the east is Qishan. To the southeast is Chuanling. Its southeast borders the sea. Southwest from Yunxiao Subprefecture lies the abolished Tongshan post; northeast it faces Gulei City directly across Shicheng Isle. West of it stand Jianshan and the Bachimen garrison. Between them Hou'ao Harbor and Dapo Creek join Meizhou Creek to enter the sea; the abolished Jinshi post stood here. South lies Nanpu; farther southwest Gongqian; and northwestward the abolished Xuanzhong post. The East Creek rises in the northeast from Xukeng Creek in Pinghe, joins Xiapo Creek, runs south, takes Baiyedong water on the right, turns southeast to join Chixi, and passes east of the city; at Yuanlin it splits—one branch from Dongshen Village follows Jiazhou eastward, the other from Aoyatou takes Ciyao Creek on the right, passes Niumu Reef, and enters the sea. To the south lies Nan'ao, where the regional commander was stationed. Farther west the coast reaches the border of Raoping in Guangdong. The Xinpi Weir irrigates more than two thousand mu of fields. Garrison towns at Xuanzhong, Yun'ao, Qing'ao, Xipaotai, Caoliaowei, Honghualing, and Fenshuiguan, plus the villages of Houlin and Gongqian at Tonglin. A salt-field commissioner at Tongshan. The Zhang-Chao inspection post. Courier stations at Nanzhao and Dabeitang. Changtai County: administratively straightforward. It lies thirty-eight li northeast of the prefectural seat. To the northwest is Lianggang Mountain. To the north is Dongfeng. To the east are Tianzhu and Wugong. To the northeast is Neifang. Longjin Creek issues from Linkou Pass in the northeast, runs southeast, takes Qingguo Creek on the left, turns south with Baitong Mountain water on the left, splits on the right as Yan Creek flowing into Gaoceng Creek, and enters Long Creek. It runs south, takes Mayang Creek and Kelong Creek on the left, turns west past the south wall, runs southwest past the north of Dingshan, and enters Long Creek. The abolished Chaotian Ridge inspection post. Yunxiao Subprefecture: of middling administrative burden. It lies one hundred sixty li southwest of the prefectural seat. Established in Jiaqing 3 by carving territory from Pinghe and Zhao'an. To the east is Dachen Mountain. To the south is Mashan. To the west is Jiangjun. To the southwest is Zhiwuqi. To the northwest is Chengqi Ridge. Its southeast borders the sea. Southwest from Zhangpu, Duxun Harbor opens onto the sea. Farther west, Xilin Creek rises in the northwest from Baishi Creek in Pinghe and enters north of the subprefecture; runs south past Datian, takes Lijiao water on the left and Longtou water on the right, continues south as Xilin Creek, joins Jiangjun Mountain water on the right, skirts the southeast wall, takes Yushi Ridge water on the right, and meets the Zhang River through Duxun Harbor. Chendai Harbor issues from Panshi southeast of the city, flows southeast past Bachimen, and enters the sea. Garrison towns at Shishewei and Meizhou.
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龍岩直隸州：繁，難。 隸汀漳龍道。 清初因明制為縣，屬漳州。 雍正十二年，為直隸州，割漳州之漳平、寧洋隸之。 東北距省治九百二十里。 廣二百二里，袤百九十一里。 北極高二十五度九分。 京師偏東三十九分。 領縣二。 城內：大崶山。 城北：後山。 南：奇邁。 東：東寶。 西：虎嶺。 城南龍川，出州西九曲嶺，會大小池水，東為羅橋溪，逕城南，匯為石鼓潭。 右合陳陂溪及曹溪，又東為東溪，逕觀音座山，匯為甕口潭。 左合傅溪，又東北為雁石溪，左合溪、硿頭溪。 其北藿溪，上承連城大東溪入，合隔溪，逕溪口，右合長坂溪，左納小東溪。 有雁石巡司。 適中驛。 漳平難。 州東百七十里。 西北：古漈山。 北：三山。 西：龍停。 東：東關。 南：覆鼎。 東北：凌雲。 城南九龍溪二源：東源西北上承寧洋大溪入，為九鵬溪，又東南，左納藿溪、西阬水，又南逕鹽場塘西； 西源雁石溪自州來會，是為九龍溪，又東，右合吳地溪，逕城南，匯為九龍潭，又東南，右合黃畬鋪水，至華口塘，左納感化溪，右合下折溪，二溪相交如十字然，又東南，與南三腳灶水併入龍溪。 東北古格嶺水，入安溪。 後溪洋陂溉田六頃有奇。 有永福里鎮。 歸化、蘆溪南廢巡司。 寧洋簡。 州東北百八十里。 北：金鳳山。 南：香寮。 西：芙蓉。 西北：殺狐嶺。 城南大溪三源：北溪出西北梨子嶺，會百種畬洞水，逕城北，會西溪，至城南，會南溪，是為大溪； 又南，右合西溪，又東南，併入漳平； 東溪出縣西爐山峰，西南流，合熱水、小溪水入龍岩。
Longyan Directly Administered Subprefecture: heavily populated and difficult to administer. It fell under the Ting-Zhang-Long Circuit. In the early Qing it remained a county under Zhangzhou, following the Ming arrangement. In Yongzheng 12 it was raised to a directly administered subprefecture, and Zhangping and Ningyang were detached from Zhangzhou and placed under its jurisdiction. It lies 920 li northeast of the provincial capital. It measures 202 li from east to west and 191 li from north to south. Its northern limit stands at north latitude 25°9′. It lies 39′ east of the capital meridian. It governed two counties. Within the city walls stands Dafeng Mountain. North of the city is Houshan. To the south is Qimai. To the east is Dongbao. To the west is Huling. South of the city the Long River rises west of the subprefecture at Jiuqu Ridge, joins the Great and Little Pond waters, runs east as Luoqiao Creek, passes south of the city, and gathers into Shigu Pool. It takes Chenbei Creek and Cao Creek on the right, runs east as the East Creek, passes Guanyin Seat Mountain, and gathers into Wengkou Pool. It takes Fu Creek on the left, turns northeast as Yanshi Creek, and joins Xi Creek and Kongtou Creek on the left. North of it Huo Creek rises from Liancheng's Great East Creek, joins Gexi, runs past Xikou, takes Changban Creek on the right and the Little East Creek on the left. An inspection post at Yanshi. The Shizhong courier station. Zhangping County: difficult to administer. It lies one hundred seventy li east of the subprefectural seat. To the northwest is Guji Mountain. To the north is Sanshan. To the west is Longting. To the east is Dongguan. To the south is Fuding. To the northeast is Lingyun. South of the city the Jiulong Creek has two sources: the eastern source rises in the northwest from Ningyang's Great Creek and enters as Jiupeng Creek, runs southeast, takes Huo Creek and Xikeng water on the left, and passes west of Yanchang Pond; The western source, Yanshi Creek from the subprefecture, joins it to form Jiulong Creek; it runs east, takes Wudi Creek on the right, passes south of the city and gathers as Jiulong Pool, turns southeast with Huangshepu water on the right, reaches Huakou Pond, takes Ganhuaxi on the left and Xiazhe Creek on the right—the two streams crossing like the character shi—and runs southeast with the South Sanjiaozao water into Long Creek. Guge Ridge water in the northeast flows into Anxi. The Houxi Yang Weir irrigates more than six qing of farmland. A garrison town at Yongfuli. The abolished inspection posts of Guihua and Luxi South. Ningyang County: administratively straightforward. It lies one hundred eighty li northeast of the subprefectural seat. To the north is Jinfeng Mountain. To the south is Xiangliao. To the west is Furong. To the northwest is Shahu Ridge. South of the city the Great Creek has three sources: the North Creek issues from Lizhi Ridge in the northwest, joins Baizhong Shedong water, runs past the north wall, joins the West Creek, reaches the south wall, and joins the South Creek to form the Great Creek; It runs south, takes the West Creek on the right, turns southeast, and enters Zhangping; The East Creek rises at Luzhu Peak west of the county, flows southwest, joins Reshui and Xiaoxi water, and enters Longyan.
13
興化府：衝，繁。 隸興泉永道。 清初因明制。 北距省治二百四十里。 廣二百十里，袤八十五里。 北極高二十五度二十六分。 京師偏東二度四十七分。 領縣二。 莆田衝，繁，疲，難。 倚。 南：壺公山。 東南：五侯。 西南：天馬、龜山。 西北：夾漈。 北：浮山。 東北：澄渚。 東：持久。 東南際海。 自福清迤南為黃竿。 北荻蘆溪，會澳溪為洙溪，匯為北洋太平陂，達迎仙港。 延壽溪上承九鯉湖，東為莒溪，匯為北洋延壽陂，達涵頭港。 木蘭溪上承仙遊仙溪，東為瀨溪，又東堰為南洋木蘭陂，達白湖港。 三港既會，是為三江口，又東入焉。 又南：美南。 東南：青山。 瀝尋塘，唐築，溉田百四十頃。 縣丞駐平海。 鹽場大使三，駐涵江、前沁、東嶠。 湄州、忠門二鎮。 涵江二巡司。 大洋凌厝廢司。 莆陽驛。 仙游難。 府西七十里。 治大飛山南麓。 西北：仙游山。 東：鐵山。 北：將軍。 東北：石所。 南：白岩。 城南仙溪，西北自德化入，為大目溪，右合古瀨溪，又東，右納金沙溪，左合大濟溪，為三會溪。 右合神堂溪，逕城南，又東北，左合走馬山水，右納石二嶺水，至東渡，左合安吉溪。 其北九鯉湖，併入莆田。 其南楓亭溪入海。 北游洋溪入永福。 興泰、楓亭二巡司。 白嶺廢司。
Xinghua Prefecture: strategically important and heavily populated. It fell under the Xing-Quan-Yong Circuit. In the early Qing it retained the Ming arrangement. It lies 240 li north of the provincial capital. It measured 210 li from east to west and 85 li from north to south. Its northern limit stood at north latitude 25°26′. It lay 2°47′ east of the capital meridian. It governed two counties. Putian County: strategically important, heavily populated, revenue-exhausted, and difficult to administer. It adjoined the prefectural seat. To the south is Hugong Mountain. To the southeast is Wuhou. To the southwest are Tianma and Guishan. To the northwest is Jiaji. To the north is Fushan. To the northeast is Chengzhu. To the east is Chijiu. Its southeast borders the sea. South from Fuqing lies Huanggan. Dulu Creek in the north joins Ao Creek as Zhuxi, gathers into the North Ocean Taiping Weir, and reaches Yingxian Harbor. Yanshou Creek rises from Jiuli Lake, runs east as Juxi, gathers into the North Ocean Yanshou Weir, and reaches Hantou Harbor. Mulan Creek rises from Xian Creek in Xianyou, runs east as Laixi, is dammed east as the South Ocean Mulan Weir, and reaches Baihu Harbor. Where the three harbors meet is Sanjiangkou, and the waters enter the sea to the east. Farther south lies Meinan. To the southeast is Qingshan. Lixun Pond, built in the Tang, irrigates one hundred forty qing of farmland. An assistant magistrate was stationed at Pinghai. Three salt-field commissioners were stationed at Hanjiang, Qianqin, and Dongqiao. Garrison towns at Meizhou and Zhongmen. Two inspection posts at Hanjiang. The abolished Dayang Lingcuo post. The Puyang courier station. Xianyou County: difficult to administer. It lies seventy li west of the prefectural seat. The county seat stood on the southern slope of Dafei Mountain. To the northwest is Xianyou Mountain. To the east is Tieshan. To the north is Jiangjun. To the northeast is Shisuo. To the south is Baiyan. South of the city Xian Creek enters from Dehua in the northwest as Damu Creek, joins Gulaixi on the right, runs east, takes Jinsha Creek on the right and Daji Creek on the left, forming Sanhui Creek. It takes Shentang Creek on the right, passes south of the city, turns northeast with Zouma Mountain water on the left and Shierling water on the right, reaches Dongdu, and joins Anji Creek on the left. North of it Jiuli Lake flows together into Putian. South of it Fengting Creek enters the sea. Beiyouyang Creek flows into Yongfu. Inspection posts at Xingtai and Fengting. The abolished Bailing post.
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泉州府：衝，繁，疲，難。 隸興泉永道。 提督駐。 通判駐蚶江。 明，領縣七。 雍正十二年，升永春為直隸州，割德化隸之。 東北距省治四百十里。 廣二百七十里，袤二百里。 北極高二十四度五十六分。 京師偏東二度二十五分。 領縣五。 晉江。 衝，繁，疲，難。 倚。 城北：清源山。 東南：法石。 南：獅山。 西南：石塔。 北：雙陽。 東北：鳳山。 東南際海。 自惠安迤西，其洛陽港入為洛陽江，會長溪入白嶼。 晉江上承南安黃龍江，東南為筍江、浯江、溜石江，至磁灶，逕法石汛為蚶江入。 少南，陳埭、玉蘭浦、植璧港入金嶼。 嶼南石湖即日湖。 又東東埔，東北與崇武所直。 又西深滬灣，又西南圍頭鎮，又西北石菌、白沙。 九溪自南安入，為安海港，合靈源山水入，又西至南安界。 縣丞駐石獅。 潯美場大使。 鎮二：浦邊、圍頭。 巡司二：鷓鴣、雒陽。 又庵上廢司。 驛一：晉安。 南安繁，疲，難。 府西四十五里。 城北：葵山。 西北：鵲髻。 南：靈秀。 西：九日。 西南：覺海。 城南金溪二源：自永春入者桃溪、小姑溪，合於便口，又東南歧為二，一南合高田山水，一東合瀘溪、凌斜溪。 復合為雙溪口； 自南安入者藍溪，東逕珠淵汛，左合洞後埔水，右英溪、歸溪，又東亦歧為二，東與永春水會，東南逕金雞山為金溪，至城南為黃龍江，一南合囷山、解阬山水，至白石復歧，一東逕娘子橋，一南逕官厝，合柏峰山水為九溪，併入晉江。 縣丞駐羅溪。 蓮河場大使駐營前。 鎮一：洪瀨。 巡司駐大盈。 又澳頭、蓮河二廢司。 驛一：康店。 惠安衝，繁，難。 府東北五十里。 東北：龍屈嶺。 西北：大帽山。 東：五公。 東南：松洋。 南：錦田。 西南：盤龍。 城西：登科。 東際海。 自莆田迤西為橫嶼、洋嶼、沙格澳、傅埭、添崎港入，又南峰尾澳、峰崎港入岱嶼、吉嶼，又南黃崎澳，又南小岞，東北與莆禧所直。 胡埭出石佛嶺，合籓厝水，迤西大岞，又西崇武澳、獺窟澳，又西下按澳。 峰崎港支津西南逕走馬埭，合龍津溪、馬山埭入。 其北洛陽港，至晉江界。 又北大溪，入仙游。 鎮三：崇武、沙格、黃崎。 門頭鄉，鹽大使駐。 良興巡司。 塗嶺廢司。 驛一：錦田。 同安衝，繁，疲，難。 府西南百三十里。 北：三秀山。 東北：大輪、北辰山。 東：九躍。 南：寶蓋。 西：西山、夕陽。 南際海。 自南安迤南為大嶝嶼，蓮溪入。 又西北石尋港，抵城南，東溪、西溪入。 又南下店、潯尾，後溪、深青溪入。 迤東高埔、離埔、洲嶼、白嶼。 其南大島二，東曰金門，有北大武山，縣丞駐。 其北官澳，其東峰上，又東料羅。 西曰廈門，故嘉禾嶼，東南與澎湖直，有洪濟山。 道光二十二年，金陵條約為商埠。 分巡兵備道。 光緒甲午後，水師提督駐。 五通渡、高崎汛、篔簹港入金、廈之間。 懸嶼有大擔門、小擔門，南抵海澄、浯嶼。 廈門西南隅鼓浪嶼，有德、英、日、法領事署。 鎮六：店頭、新墟、下店、大路尾、浯嶼、高崎。 通判駐馬家巷。 浯州、祥豐二鹽大使。 灌口、石潯、劉五店三巡司。 驛二：大輪、深青。 安溪疲，難。 府西一百五里。 西：蓬萊、駟馬。 南：黃龍山。 黃櫱又名午山，為縣中眾山之宗。 北：鳳山、翠屏、雪山。 東南：北觀、金龜。 西南：龍塘。 西北：鶴頂、佛耳、朝天諸山。 縣南三里，藍溪亦曰清溪，源二。 西北源出龍岩、漳平東北古格嶺，東南流入縣。 東南逕桃舟隘，西受梯子嶺水，南流逕連德坂，南折而東北，逕龜壩南來會，又東北錯入永春洲，永春洞口溪自北來注之，又折而東南，復入縣。 又東逕小橫鄉南，受熊田溪，溪亦自永春入。 又東南受漢阪水，又南至魁斗西，受東溪、三層溪，又東南逕縣治西，曰吳埔溪，又南合西源。 西源出縣西南北岸山東麓，東北流，受白葉山水，又東北逕舉溪壩南，受留山水，又東北受溪益水，復合九峰山後溪、胡坑諸水，又折而東南，逕五里埔北，受龍門嶺水，又東曰澚江，又東與西北源合。 合而環縣東南，是為藍溪。 又東逕羅渡南、田隙鄉北，入南安。 有長坑、湄上二鎮。
Quanzhou Prefecture: strategically important, heavily populated, revenue-exhausted, and difficult to administer. It fell under the Xing-Quan-Yong Circuit. The provincial military commander was stationed here. An intendant was stationed at Huanjiang. Under the Ming it governed seven counties. In Yongzheng 12 Yongchun was raised to a directly administered subprefecture, and Dehua was detached and placed under its jurisdiction. It lies 410 li northeast of the provincial capital. It measured 270 li from east to west and 200 li from north to south. Its northern limit stood at north latitude 24°56′. It lay 2°25′ east of the capital meridian. It governed five counties. Jinjiang. Strategically important, heavily populated, revenue-exhausted, and difficult to administer. It adjoined the prefectural seat. North of the city stands Qingyuan Mountain. To the southeast is Fashi. To the south is Shishan. To the southwest is Shita. To the north is Shuangyang. To the northeast is Fengshan. Its southeast borders the sea. West from Huian, Luoyang Harbor opens as Luoyang River, joins Chang Creek, and enters Bai Isle. The Jin River rises from Nan'an's Huanglong River, runs southeast as Sunjiang, Wujiang, and Liushi River, reaches Cizao, passes Fashi Garrison as Huanjiang, and enters the sea. A little farther south, Chendai, Yulanpu, and Zhibi Harbor open onto Jinyu. South of the isle, Shihu is also called Rihu. Farther east lies Dongpu; to the northeast it faces Chongwu Post directly. Farther west is Shenhu Bay; farther southwest Weitou Garrison; northwest Shijun and Baisha. Jiuxi from Nan'an enters as Anhai Harbor, joins Lingyuan Mountain water, and runs west to the Nan'an border. An assistant magistrate was stationed at Shishi. The Xunmei salt-field commissioner. Garrison towns at Pubian and Weitou. Inspection posts at Zhegu and Luoyang. Also the abolished Anshang post. A courier station at Jin'an. Nan'an County: heavily populated, revenue-exhausted, and difficult to administer. It lies forty-five li west of the prefectural seat. North of the city is Kuishan. To the northwest is Queji. To the south is Lingxiu. To the west is Jiuri. To the southwest is Juehai. South of the city the Jin Creek has two sources: from Yongchun come Taoxi and Xiaoguxi, joining at Biankou; the stream runs southeast and splits—one branch south with Gaotian Mountain water, one east with Luxi and Lingxie Creek. They reunite at Shuangxikou; From Nan'an Lanxi runs east past Zhuyuan Garrison, takes Donghoupu water on the left and Yingxi and Guixi on the right, divides again—the eastern branch meets Yongchun water, runs southeast past Jinji Mountain as Jin Creek, reaches the south wall as Huanglong River; one branch south joins Qunshan and Jiekeng Mountain water, reaches Baishi and splits again—one east past Niangzi Bridge, one south past Guancuo, joins Baifeng Mountain water as Jiuxi, and enters Jinjiang. An assistant magistrate was stationed at Luoxi. The Lianhe salt-field commissioner was stationed at Yingqian. A garrison town at Honglai. An inspection post was stationed at Daying. Also the abolished Aotou and Lianhe posts. A courier station at Kangdian. Huian County: strategically important, heavily populated, and difficult to administer. It lies fifty li northeast of the prefectural seat. To the northeast is Longqu Ridge. To the northwest is Damao Mountain. To the east is Wugong. To the southeast is Songyang. To the south is Jintian. To the southwest is Panlong. West of the city is Dengke. Its east borders the sea. West from Putian lie Heng Isle, Yang Isle, Shage Bay, Fudai, and Tianqi Harbor; farther south Fengwei Bay and Fengqi Harbor open onto Dai Isle and Ji Isle; farther south Huangqi Bay and Xiaozhuo; to the northeast it faces Puqi Post directly. Hudai rises from Shifo Ridge, joins Fancuo water, runs west to Dazhuo, then Chongwu Bay and Talu Bay, and farther west Xia'an Bay. Fengqi Harbor's branch channel runs southwest past Zoumadi, joins Longjin Creek and Mashandi, and enters the sea. North of it Luoyang Harbor reaches the Jinjiang border. Farther north the Great Creek flows into Xianyou. Garrison towns at Chongwu, Shage, and Huangqi. At Mentou Township a salt commissioner was stationed. The Liangxing inspection post. The abolished Tulang post. A courier station at Jintian. Tong'an County: strategically important, heavily populated, revenue-exhausted, and difficult to administer. It lies one hundred thirty li southwest of the prefectural seat. To the north is Sanxiu Mountain. To the northeast are Dalun and Beichen Mountain. To the east is Jiuyue. To the south is Baogai. To the west are Xishan and Xiyang. Its south borders the sea. South from Nan'an lies Dadeng Isle, where Lianxi enters the sea. Farther northwest Shixun Harbor reaches south of the city; the East Creek and West Creek enter. Farther south Xiadian and Xunwei; Houxi and Shenqing Creek enter the sea. Eastward lie Gaopu, Lipu, Zhou Isle, and Bai Isle. South lie two great isles; the eastern is Kinmen, crowned by Beidawu Mountain, where an assistant magistrate was stationed. North of it is Guan'ao; east Fengshang; farther east Liaoluo. The western isle is Xiamen, formerly Jiahe Isle; to the southeast it faces Penghu directly; Hongji Mountain rises there. In Daoguang 22 it became a treaty port under the Nanjing Treaty. A circuit intendant for coastal defense was posted there. After the Guangxu Jiawu year the naval commander-in-chief was stationed there. Wutong Ford, Gaoqi Garrison, and Yundang Harbor open between Kinmen and Xiamen. Among the suspended isles are Dadan Gate and Xiaodan Gate; south they reach Haicheng and Wuyu. At Xiamen's southwest corner, Gulang Isle housed German, British, Japanese, and French consulates. Garrison towns at Diantou, Xinxu, Xiadan, Daluwei, Wuyu, and Gaoqi. An intendant was stationed at Majiaxiang. Salt commissioners at Wuzhou and Xiangfeng. Inspection posts at Guankou, Shixun, and Liuwudian. Courier stations at Dalun and Shenqing. Anxi County: revenue-exhausted and difficult to administer. It lies one hundred five li west of the prefectural seat. To the west are Penglai and Sima. To the south is Huanglong Mountain. Huangbo, also called Wushan, was the sovereign peak among the county's mountains. To the north are Fengshan, Cuiping, and Xueshan. To the southeast are Beiguan and Jingui. To the southwest is Longtang. To the northwest are Heding, Fo'er, and Chaotian mountains. Three li south of the county seat, Lan Creek—also called Qing Creek—has two sources. The northwest source rises at Guge Ridge northeast of Longyan and Zhangping and flows southeast into the county. It runs southeast past Taozhou Pass, takes Tizi Ridge water on the west, flows south past Liande Slope, turns south then northeast, passes south of Guiba to meet other waters, turns northeast and crosses into Yongchun Prefecture; Yongchun's Dongkou Creek joins from the north, turns southeast, and re-enters the county. It runs east past south of Xiaoheng Township and receives Xiongtian Creek, which also enters from Yongchun. It turns southeast with Hanban water, reaches south of Kuidou, takes the East Creek and Sanceng Creek, runs southeast past the west of the county seat as Wupu Creek, and turns south to join the western source. The western source rises on the eastern slope of Bei'an Mountain southwest of the county, flows northeast with Baiye Mountain water, passes south of Juxi Dam with Liushan water, takes Xiyi water and rejoins the Hou Creek below Jiufeng Mountain with Hukeng waters, turns southeast past north of Wulipu with Longmen Ridge water, runs east as Aojiang, and joins the northwest source. United, they encircle the county's southeast—this is Lan Creek. It runs east past south of Luodu and north of Tianxi Township and enters Nan'an. Garrison towns at Changkeng and Meishang.
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永春直隸州：繁，難。 隸興泉永道。 明，縣，屬泉州府。 清初因之。 雍正十二年，為直隸州。 泉州德化、延平大田割隸。 東北距省治四百十里。 廣百八十五里，袤百八十八里。 北極高二十五度一十八分。 京師偏東一度一十八分。 領縣二。 西北：大鵬山、雪山。 東：崑崙。 東南：花石。 西：陳岩。 西南：龍山。 北：浮空。 東北：樂山； 雪山，桃溪出，為陳岩溪，合錦溪為埔兜溪，左合新田溪，又東逕東平山為洑溪，左合冷水坑水。 又北，東為磁灶溪、石鼓溪，合龜龍溪，又東為州前溪，留灣溪，左合新溪支津，又東南與小姑溪併入南安。 新溪出西北天馬山，其經流東入仙游。 西北熊田溪自德化入，屈西南為碧溪，右合上窯水、南洋水，其西洞口溪，併入安溪。 黃坂鎮。 德化難。 州西北三十里。 治龍潯山南麓。 北：綉屏。 東北：石牛。 東：龍門。 東南：天馬。 南：雙魚。 西：五華。 西北：戴雲，滻溪出，為東埔水，會李山水，南，西為白泉溪； 又南，右合黃洋溪、花橋溪，為石溪、蘇溪、塗坂溪，右合龍潭水，左蓋竹溪、郭坂溪、丘店溪，又東為西門溪，至城南，是為滻溪。 右合大雲溪、黃斜溪，左丁溪。 又東北，左合龍門溪，右碧潭水，至高漈。 左合龍潭水及上雲溪，又東北逕岱山，左合南埕溪，折西北，左合盧溪，又東北入永福。 西北小尤溪、錦屏山水、湯嶺水，分入大田、永春、尤溪。 東北石牛洞水，入仙游。 內洋鎮。 小尤、楊梅諸廢巡司。 大田簡。 州西北二百六十五里。 南：大仙山。 西南：臺閣。 東：銀瓶。 東南：文筆。 北：雙髻。 東北：白鶴。 縣前溪上承小尤溪，東南自德化入，合龍背嶺水為梓溪。 又西北，左合小坑水，折東北為湯泉溪，至城南，匯為塔兜潭。 又東北逕京口，右合仙峰溪，左上華水，至漈頭，英果溪合渡頭溪自其西來會，又北入尤溪。 西南沈口溪，入寧洋。 其南武陵安水入漳平。 有桃源巡司。 花橋廢司。
Yongchun Directly Administered Subprefecture: heavily populated and difficult to administer. It fell under the Xing-Quan-Yong Circuit. Under the Ming it was a county under Quanzhou Prefecture. In the early Qing the arrangement continued. In Yongzheng 12 it was raised to a directly administered subprefecture. Dehua from Quanzhou and Datian from Yanping were detached and placed under its jurisdiction. It lies 410 li northeast of the provincial capital. It measured 185 li from east to west and 188 li from north to south. Its northern limit stood at north latitude 25°18′. It lay 1°18′ east of the capital meridian. It governed two counties. To the northwest are Dapeng Mountain and Xueshan. To the east is Kunlun. To the southeast is Huashi. To the west is Chenyan. To the southwest is Longshan. To the north is Fukong. To the northeast is Leshan; From Xueshan Taoxi issues, becomes Chenyan Creek, joins Jin Creek as Pudou Creek, takes Xintian Creek on the left, runs east past Dongping Mountain as Fuxi, and takes Lengshuikeng water on the left. It turns north, runs east as Cizao Creek and Shigu Creek, joins Guilong Creek, runs east as Zhouqian Creek and Liubay Creek, takes the Xinx Creek branch on the left, and runs southeast with Xiaoguxi into Nan'an. Xinx Creek rises at Tianma Mountain in the northwest; its main channel runs east into Xianyou. Xiongtain Creek in the northwest enters from Dehua, bends southwest as Bixi, takes Shangyao water and Nanyang water on the right; west of it Dongkou Creek flows together into Anxi. A garrison town at Huangban. Dehua County: difficult to administer. It lies thirty li northwest of the subprefectural seat. The county seat stood on the southern slope of Longxun Mountain. To the north is Xiuping. To the northeast is Shiniu. To the east is Longmen. To the southeast is Tianma. To the south is Shuangyu. To the west is Wuhua. To the northwest is Daiyun; Chan Creek rises there, becomes Dongpu water, joins Lishan water, runs south, and west becomes Baiquan Creek; It runs south, takes Huangyang Creek and Huaqiao Creek on the right, becomes Shixi, Suxi, and Tuban Creek, joins Longtan water on the right and Gaizhu Creek, Guoban Creek, and Qiudian Creek on the left, runs east as Ximen Creek, and reaches south of the city as Chan Creek. It takes Dayun Creek and Huangxie Creek on the right and Ding Creek on the left. It turns northeast, takes Longmen Creek on the left and Bitan water on the right, and reaches Gaoji. It takes Longtan water and Shangyun Creek on the left, runs northeast past Daishan, joins Nancheng Creek on the left, turns northwest with Lu Creek on the left, and runs northeast into Yongfu. Xiaoyou Creek, Jinping Mountain water, and Tangling water in the northwest divide to flow into Datian, Yongchun, and Youxi. Shiniudong water in the northeast flows into Xianyou. A garrison town at Neiyang. The abolished inspection posts of Xiaoyou, Yangmei, and others. Datian County: administratively straightforward. It lies two hundred sixty-five li northwest of the subprefectural seat. To the south is Daxian Mountain. To the southwest is Taige. To the east is Yinping. To the southeast is Wenbi. To the north is Shuangji. To the northeast is Baihe. Xianqian Creek rises from Xiaoyou Creek, enters from Dehua in the southeast, and joins Longbeiling water as Zixi. It runs northwest, takes Xiaokeng water on the left, turns northeast as Tangquan Creek, reaches south of the city, and gathers into Tadou Pool. It runs northeast past Jingkou, takes Xianfeng Creek on the right and Shanghuashui on the left, reaches Jitou where Yingguo Creek and Dutou Creek join from the west, and runs north into Youxi. Shenkou Creek in the southwest flows into Ningyang. South of it Wuling Anshui flows into Zhangping. An inspection post at Taoyuan. The abolished Huaqiao post.