Volume 77 Treatises 52: Geography 24, Nei Meng Gu

志五十二

Treatise 52

地理二十四

Geography 24

內蒙古

Inner Mongolia

內蒙古：古雍、冀、幽、并、營五州北境。周，獫狁、山戎。秦、漢，匈奴盡有其地。漢末，烏桓、鮮卑荐居。元魏，蠕蠕及庫莫奚為大。隋、唐屬突厥，後入回紇、薛延陀。遼、金建都邑城郭同內地。元，故蒙古，起西北有天下。明，阿裕實哩達喇遁歸朔漠，復改號，遺踵曼衍，北陲多故。清興，蒙古科爾沁部首內附。既滅察哈爾，諸部踵降，正其疆界，悉遵約束。有大征伐，並帥師以從。定鼎後，祿爵世及，歲時朝貢，置理籓院統之。部落二十有五，旗五十有一，並同內八旗。乾隆間，改歸化城土默特入山西，仍有部落二十四，旗四十九。其貢道：由山海關者，科爾沁、郭爾羅斯、杜爾伯特、札賚特四部，旗十；由喜峰口者，阿嚕科爾沁、札嚕特、土默特、喀喇沁、喀爾喀左翼、奈曼、翁牛特、敖漢八部，旗十三；由獨石口者，阿巴噶左翼、阿巴哈納爾左翼、浩齊特、烏珠穆沁、巴林、克什克騰六部，旗九；由張家口者，阿巴噶右翼、阿巴哈納爾右翼、蘇尼特、四子部落、喀爾喀右翼、茂明安六部，旗七；由殺虎口者，歸化城土默特、烏喇特、鄂爾多斯三部，旗十二。是為內札薩克蒙古。袤延萬餘里。東界吉林、黑龍江，西界厄魯特，南界盛京、直隸、山西、陝西、甘肅，五省並以長城為限。北外蒙古。面積百四十八萬一千七百六十方里。北極三十七度三十分至四十七度十五分。經線京師偏東九度至偏西九度三十分。知科爾沁部旗六旗：在喜峰口東北八百七十里。西南距京師一千二百八十里。秦、漢，遼東郡北境。後漢為扶餘、鮮卑地。隋、唐為契丹、靺鞨地。遼為上京東境、東京北境。金分屬上京、北京及咸平路。元，開元路北境。明置三衛，自黃泥窪逾鐵嶺至開原曰福餘衛，以元後烏梁海酋領為都指揮，後自立國號曰科爾沁。清初以接壤聯姻。其後台吉奧巴為察哈爾所侵，率先來降，太祖賜以土謝圖汗之號，後封親王四、郡王三、貝勒三、貝子一、鎮國公一、輔國公五，掌旗世襲。所部廣八百七十里，袤二千一百里。東界札賚特，西界札魯特，南界盛京邊牆，北界索倫。貢道由山海關。科爾沁右翼中旗札薩克駐巴音和碩南，曰塔克禪，在喜峰口東北一千二百里。西南距京師一千六百十里。本靺鞨地。遼為黃龍府北境。金屬上京路。元廢。牧地當哈古勒河、阿魯坤都倫河合流之北岸。東界那哈太山，南界察罕莽哈，西界塔勒布拉克，北界巴音和碩。廣一百五十里，袤四百五十里。北極高四十六度十七分。京師偏東四度三十分。其山：東曰烏蘭峰、那哈太山。南，阿達金察漢陀羅海坡、漢惠圖坡。西，鮮卑山，土名蒙格。北，溫山，蒙名哈祿納。東南，巴朗濟喇坡。西南，烏爾圖岡。其水：西北，郭特爾河，上承哈爾古勒河，自札魯特東南流入界，逕科爾沁左翼中旗。南，阿魯坤都倫河、鄂布爾坤都倫河，並自札魯特東來合流注之。又東南，逕右翼中旗南、左翼中旗北，屈曲流，至翁袞山東南，匯為察罕泊。北：阿爾達河，源出溫山，逕榆木山，東南流入右翼前旗；海拉蘇台河，一名榆河，源出興安山，逕火山，東南流，皆與貴勒爾河會。鶴午河源出伊克呼巴海山，逕磨爾託山，東南流入右翼前旗，入榆河。科爾沁左翼中旗札薩克駐西遼河之北伊克唐噶里克坡，在喜峰口東北一千六十五里。西南距京師一千四百七十五里。本契丹地。遼為黃龍府北境。金屬上京路。元廢。牧地當吉林赫爾蘇邊門外昌圖廳界，跨東西二遼河。東界鄂拉達干，南界小陀果勒濟山，西界唐海，北界博羅霍吉爾山。廣一百八十里，袤五百五十里。北極高四十三度四十分。京師偏東六度四十分。其山：東南曰伊克圖虎爾幾山，一名牛頭山、巴漢圖虎爾幾山、巴漢哈爾巴爾山。西北，巴顏朔龍山、吉爾巴爾山一名水精山、巴漢查克朵爾山一名小房山。北，五峰山蒙名他奔拖羅海、伊克查克朵爾山一名大房山。東北，大石山蒙名葛倫齊老、太保山蒙名圖斯哈爾圖。西南，吉里岡。東南：遼河自永吉州入，逕額爾金山，西北流，入左翼後旗，又西南會潢河入邊。潢河自札魯特左翼入，逕噶爾岡東南來注之。卓索河源出邊內，西北流入左翼後旗，會尹幾哈台河，入遼河。西北：和爾河，一名合河，自札魯特左翼入，東逕右翼中旗、前旗、後旗地，入因沁插漢池。阿祿昆都倫河自札魯特左翼入，逕葛勒圖溫都爾山，東流，會額伯爾昆都倫河，入右翼中旗，西北經魁屯山，東南流，會於合河。西北：中天河蒙名都穆達圖騰葛里，東天河蒙名准騰葛里，源均出吉爾巴爾山，東南流，會幾伯圖泉，入佟噶喇克插漢池，幾伯圖泉、他拉泉從之。科爾沁左翼後旗札薩克駐雙和爾山，在喜峰口東北一千四十里。西南距京師一千四百五十里。本契丹地。遼置鳳州。金廢。牧地當法庫邊門北，東西二遼河於此合流。東界碩勒和碩，南界柳條邊，西界伊柯鄂爾多，北界格爾莽噶。廣二百里，袤一百五十里。北極高四十二度。京師偏東六度二十分。其山：東，得石山。西界曰巴漢巴虎山。東北，得石拖羅海山。東，奚王嶺，土名蒙古爾拖羅海。東南：羊城濼，蒙名尹兀哈台，源出邊內，流入境，北流，會卓索河，入邊河。科爾沁右翼前旗札薩克駐錫喇布爾哈蘇，在喜峰口東北一千三百五十里。西南距京師一千七百六十里。本靺鞨地。金置肇州，隸會寧府。海陵改屬濟州。承安三年升鎮。元，遼王乃顏分地。牧地當索岳爾濟山南，洮爾河、歸喇里河於是合流注嫩江。東界岳索圖濟喇，南界達什伊哈克，西界那哈太山，北界索岳爾濟山。廣一百二十里，袤三百八十里。北極高四十六度。京師偏東五度三十分。其山：西北曰喀喇阿幾爾漢山、魁勒庫山。北，神山、火山。東北，羊山蒙名衣馬圖、駱駝山蒙名特門。南，插漢碧老岱坡。西：洮兒河，源出西北興安山，東南流，合貴勒爾河，又東北折，逕右翼後旗南，又東逕札賚特南，匯為納藍撒藍池，入嫩江。北：貴勒爾河，自右翼鶴五河東北流，會榆河，為貴勒爾河，逕魁勒庫山，東南流，會阿爾達爾入洮兒河。駱駝河，蒙名特門河，源出葛爾濟隆山，東流，會戳兒河，東入嫩江。科爾沁右翼後旗札薩克駐額木圖坡，在喜峰口東北一千四百五十里。西南距京師一千八百六十里。本靺鞨地。遼置衍州安廣軍。金，州廢。元為乃顏分地。牧地跨洮兒河，即陀喇河。東界查巴爾太山，南界拜格台陀博，西界博達爾罕山，北界慶哈山。廣一百二十里，袤三百七十里。北極高四十六度。京師偏東五度三十分。其山：東北曰西伯圖山、納幾山。北，硃爾噶岱山、卓索台山。西南，鼐滿烏里堵坡。東南：因沁插漢池。科爾沁左翼前旗札薩克駐伊克岳里泊，在喜峰口東北八百七十里。西南距京師一千二百八十里。本契丹地。遼置長青州。金降為縣，隸泰州。元廢。牧地當法庫邊門外養息牧牧場東。東界霍雅斯，南界柳條邊，西界伊拉木圖，北界阿木塔克。廣一百里，袤一百二十里。北極高四十三度。京師偏東六度四十分。東南：龍門山蒙名阿會圖。東南：布敦山、寬山、朔龍峰。南：鴨子河，蒙名沖古爾，其地有二泉，併名沖古爾，西南流入養息牧河。東南有巴漢岳里泊。

Inner Mongolia: in antiquity this was the northern frontier of Yong, Ji, You, Bing, and Ying provinces. In the Zhou period it was home to the Xianyun and Shanrong peoples. Under the Qin and Han dynasties, the Xiongnu controlled the whole territory. By the end of the Han dynasty, the Wuhuan and Xianbei had settled there in turn. Under the Northern Wei, the Rouran and Kumo Xi peoples held sway. Under the Sui and Tang it fell under Turkic rule, and later passed to the Uyghurs and Xueyantuo. Under the Liao and Jin, walled cities and towns were established on the same model as the interior provinces. Under the Yuan, the Mongols of old rose in the northwest and conquered the empire. Under the Ming, Ayushiridara withdrew to the northern steppe, took a new title once more, and his descendants spread across the region; the northern frontier was beset by unrest. When the Qing dynasty arose, the chief of the Mongol Khorchin tribe submitted to the court. After Chakhar was destroyed, the other tribes submitted one after another; their boundaries were fixed and all were brought under imperial discipline. On major military campaigns, they all led their forces to serve alongside the Qing armies. After the dynasty established its capital, stipends and titles were passed down in perpetuity, seasonal tribute was paid, and the Court of Colonial Affairs was established to oversee them. There were twenty-five tribes organized into fifty-one banners, all administered on the same model as the interior Eight Banners. During the Qianlong reign, the Guihua Tumed were reassigned to Shanxi province; twenty-four tribes and forty-nine banners remained. Their tribute routes were as follows: via Shanhaiguan came the four tribes of Khorchin, Gorlos, Dorbet, and Jasagt, comprising ten banners; via Xifengkou came the eight tribes of Aru Khorchin, Jarud, Tumed, Kharchin, Khalkha Left Wing, Naiman, Ongniud, and Aohan, comprising thirteen banners; via Dushikou came the six tribes of Abag Left Wing, Abagal Left Wing, Khuuchid, Ujimchin, Baarin, and Keshiketeng, comprising nine banners; via Zhangjiakou came the six tribes of Abag Right Wing, Abagal Right Wing, Sunid, Four Sons, Khalkha Right Wing, and Maominggan, comprising seven banners; via Shahu Pass came the three tribes of Guihua Tumed, Urad, and Ordos, comprising twelve banners. These constituted the Inner Zasak Mongols. The region stretches over ten thousand li from end to end. It bordered Jilin and Heilongjiang to the east, the Eleuths to the west, and Shengjing, Zhili, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu to the south, with the Great Wall marking the boundary along all five southern provinces. To the north lay Outer Mongolia. Its area was 1,481,760 square li. Its latitude ranged from 37°30′ to 47°15′ north. It lay between 9° east and 9°30′ west of the capital. The Khorchin tribe comprised six banners, located 870 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,280 li southwest of the capital. In the Qin and Han periods it formed the northern frontier of Liaodong Commandery. In the Later Han it was the territory of Fuyu and the Xianbei. Under the Sui and Tang it was the territory of the Khitan and Mohe peoples. Under the Liao it formed the eastern frontier of the Upper Capital prefecture and the northern frontier of the Eastern Capital prefecture. Under the Jin it was divided among the Upper Capital, Northern Capital, and Xianping circuits. Under the Yuan it formed the northern frontier of the Kaiyuan circuit. The Ming established three guards; the region from Huangniwa across the Iron Range to Kaiyuan was designated Fuyu Guard, with a Yuan-descended Urianhai chieftain as commander-in-chief; later they proclaimed their own state under the name Khorchin. In the early Qing they were bound to the court by shared borders and marriage alliances. Later, when the taiji Ooba was attacked by Chakhar, he was the first to submit; the Taizu granted him the title of Tüsiyetü Khan. Thereafter the tribe held four princes of the first rank, three princes of the second rank, three beile, one beizi, one baron of the first rank, and five barons of the second rank, with banner leadership passing down by hereditary succession. Its territory measured 870 li from east to west and 2,100 li from north to south. It bordered Jasagt to the east, Jarud to the west, the Shengjing border wall to the south, and Solon territory to the north. Its tribute route passed through Shanhaiguan. The zasak of the Khorchin Right Wing Middle Banner was stationed south of Bayan Khoshuu at Takqan, 1,200 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,610 li southwest of the capital. It was originally Mohe territory. Under the Liao it formed the northern frontier of Huanglong Prefecture. Under the Jin it fell within the Upper Capital circuit. Under the Yuan the administrative division was abolished. Its pasturelands lay on the north bank at the confluence of the Hagul and Ar Khundlun rivers. It bordered Mount Nahatai to the east, Chaghan Mangha to the south, Taleburak to the west, and Bayan Khoshuu to the north. It measured 150 li from east to west and 450 li from north to south. Its latitude was 46°17′ north. It lay 4°30′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the east, Wulan Peak and Mount Nahatai. To the south, Adajin Chaghan Torahai Slope and Hanhuitu Slope. To the west, Xianbei Mountain, known locally as Mengge. To the north, Wen Mountain, known in Mongolian as Khaluuna. To the southeast, Balangjila Slope. To the southwest, Urtu Ridge. Its waters: to the northwest, the Gote'er River, which receives the Hagul River above; entering the banner from the southeast of Jarud territory, it flows through the Khorchin Left Wing Middle Banner. From the south, the Ar Khundlun and Ebu'r Khundlun rivers both flow in from eastern Jarud territory and join it. Continuing southeast, it winds past the south of the Right Wing Middle Banner and the north of the Left Wing Middle Banner, and at the southeast foot of Wenggun Mountain gathers into Chaghan Lake. To the north: the Arda River rises from Wen Mountain, passes Yumu Mountain, and flows southeast into the Right Wing Front Banner; the Hailasutai River, also called the Elm River, rises from the Xing'an Mountains, passes Huo Mountain, and flows southeast; both join the Guile'er River. The Hewu River rises from Mount Ike Khubaghai, passes Mount Mo'ertuo, flows southeast into the Right Wing Front Banner, and joins the Elm River. The zasak of the Khorchin Left Wing Middle Banner was stationed at Ike Tanggarik Slope north of the Western Liao River, 1,065 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,475 li southwest of the capital. It was originally Khitan territory. Under the Liao it formed the northern frontier of Huanglong Prefecture. Under the Jin it fell within the Upper Capital circuit. Under the Yuan the administrative division was abolished. Its pasturelands lay along the border of Changtu Subprefecture beyond the Jilin Hulusu border gate, spanning the Eastern and Western Liao rivers. It bordered Eladagan to the east, Little Tuogoleji Mountain to the south, Tang Sea to the west, and Boluohuo'er Mountain to the north. It measured 180 li from east to west and 550 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°40′ north. It lay 6°40′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the southeast, Mount Ike Tuhurji, also known as Ox Head Mountain, Bahantughurji Mountain, and Bahankharbar Mountain. To the northwest, Bayan Shuolong Mountain; Jirbar Mountain, also called Crystal Mountain; and Bahanchakduo'er Mountain, also called Little House Mountain. To the north, Five Peaks Mountain, known in Mongolian as Tabentuoluohai, and Mount Ike Chakduo'er, also called Great House Mountain. To the northeast, Great Stone Mountain, known in Mongolian as Gelunqilao, and Taibao Mountain, known in Mongolian as Tushihartu. To the southwest, Jili Ridge. To the southeast: the Liao River enters from Yongji Prefecture, passes Mount Erjin, flows northwest into the Left Wing Rear Banner, then turns southwest to join the Huang River and cross the border. The Huang River enters from Jarud Left Wing territory and joins it from the southeast of Ga'er Ridge. The Zhuosuo River rises inside the border, flows northwest into the Left Wing Rear Banner, joins the Yijihatai River, and enters the Liao River. To the northwest: the He'er River, also called the Joining River, enters from Jarud Left Wing territory, flows east through the Right Wing Middle, Front, and Rear Banners, and empties into Yinqin Chaghan Lake. The Alu Khundlun River enters from Jarud Left Wing territory, passes Mount Geltu Undur, flows east and joins the Ebe'r Khundlun River, enters the Right Wing Middle Banner, passes northwest of Kuitun Mountain, turns southeast, and joins the Joining River. To the northwest: the Middle Heavenly River, known in Mongolian as Dumdatu Tenggeli, and the Eastern Heavenly River, known in Mongolian as Zhuntenggeli, both rise from Jirbar Mountain, flow southeast, join the Jibotu Spring, and empty into Tungalak Chaghan Lake, with the Jibotu and Tala springs flowing in alongside. The zasak of the Khorchin Left Wing Rear Banner was stationed at Shuanghe'er Mountain, 1,040 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,450 li southwest of the capital. It was originally Khitan territory. Under the Liao, Feng Prefecture was established here. Under the Jin it was abolished. Its pasturelands lay north of the Faku border gate, where the Eastern and Western Liao rivers converge. It bordered Shuole Khoshuu to the east, the Willow Palisade to the south, Ike Ordos to the west, and Gelmangga to the north. It measured 200 li from east to west and 150 li from north to south. Its latitude was 42° north. It lay 6°20′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the east, Deshi Mountain. To the west, the border was marked by Bahankhahu Mountain. To the northeast lay Deshi Tuoluohai Mountain. To the east stood the Xi King Ridge, known locally as Monggol Tuoluohai. To the southeast: Yangcheng Marsh, known in Mongolian as Yiwuhatai, rose inside the border, entered the banner, flowed north to join the Zhuosuo River, and then entered the border river. The zasak of the Khorchin Right Wing Front Banner was stationed at Xilabulhasu, 1,350 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,760 li southwest of the capital. It was originally Mohe territory. Under the Jin, Zhao Prefecture was established here, subordinate to Huining Prefecture. Under Prince Hailing it was reassigned to Ji Prefecture. In Cheng'an 3 it was raised to garrison status. Under the Yuan it formed part of the princely domain of Liaowang Nayan. Its pasturelands lay south of Soyolji Mountain, where the Tao'er and Guilali rivers converged and entered the Nen River. It bordered Yuesotu Jira to the east, Dashi Yihake to the south, Mount Nahatai to the west, and Soyolji Mountain to the north. It measured 120 li from east to west and 380 li from north to south. Its latitude was 46° north. It lay 5°30′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the northwest, Khara Ajirhan Mountain and Kuileku Mountain. To the north stood Divine Mountain and Fire Mountain. To the northeast, Sheep Mountain, known in Mongolian as Yimatu, and Camel Mountain, known in Mongolian as Temen. To the south lay Chaghan Bilodai Slope. To the west: the Tao'er River rises in the northwestern Khingan Mountains, flows southeast and joins the Guile'er River, then turns northeast past the south of the Right Wing Rear Banner and east along the south of Jasagt, gathers into Nalan Salan Lake, and enters the Nen River. To the north: the Guile'er River flows northeast from the Right Wing He'wu River, joins the Yu River to form the Guile'er River, passes Kuileku Mountain, turns southeast, joins the Ardai'er, and enters the Tao'er River. The Camel River, known in Mongolian as the Temen River, rises from Mount Ge'erjilong, flows east to join the Chuo'er River, and enters the Nen River farther east. The zasak of the Khorchin Right Wing Rear Banner was stationed at Emutu Slope, 1,450 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,860 li southwest of the capital. It was originally Mohe territory. Under the Liao, Yan Prefecture and the Anguang Army were established here. Under the Jin the prefecture was abolished. Under the Yuan it formed part of Nayan's princely domain. Its pasturelands straddled the Tao'er River, also called the Tuola River. It bordered Chabartai Mountain to the east, Baigetai Tuobo to the south, Bodarhan Mountain to the west, and Qingha Mountain to the north. It measured 120 li from east to west and 370 li from north to south. Its latitude was 46° north. It lay 5°30′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the northeast, Xibotu Mountain and Na'ji Mountain. To the north stood Zhuer'gadai Mountain and Zhuosuo Tai Mountain. To the southwest lay Naiman Ulitu Slope. To the southeast lay Yinqin Chaghan Lake. The zasak of the Khorchin Left Wing Front Banner was stationed at Ike Yueli Lake, 870 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,280 li southwest of the capital. It was originally Khitan territory. Under the Liao, Changqing Prefecture was established here. Under the Jin it was reduced to a county subordinate to Tai Prefecture. Under the Yuan the administrative division was abolished. Its pasturelands lay east of the Yangximu pasture beyond the Faku border gate. It bordered Huoyasi to the east, the Willow Palisade to the south, Ilamutu to the west, and Amtak to the north. It measured 100 li from east to west and 120 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43° north. It lay 6°40′ east of the capital. To the southeast: Longmen Mountain, known in Mongolian as Ahuitu. To the southeast stood Budun Mountain, Kuan Mountain, and Shuolong Peak. To the south: the Duck River, known in Mongolian as Chungur; two springs there shared the name Chungur and flowed southwest into the Yangximu River. To the southeast lay Bahanyueli Lake.

扎賚特部一旗：附科爾沁右翼。扎薩克駐圖卜新察汗坡，在喜峰口東北一千六百里。西南距京師二千十里。本契丹地。遼，長春州。金，泰州北境。元為遼王分地。明為科爾沁所據，後分與其弟阿敏，是為札賚特。天命中，台吉蒙袞來降，後封貝勒，世襲掌旗。牧地在齊齊哈爾城西。東界嫩江，南界鍾奇，西界烏蘭陀博，北界鄂魯起達巴哈山。廣六十里，袤四百里。北極高四十六度三十分。京師偏東七度四十五分。貢道由山海關。東北：阿敏山，蓋以所部之祖名其山也。西北：赤房山蒙名烏蘭格爾、雕窠山蒙名岳樂。北：朵雲山、塞肯山。西南：阿揚噶爾坡。東：嫩江，自黑龍江入，又南入郭爾羅斯前旗。北：綽爾河，源出西北興安山，東南流，至旗西，分數歧，又東南折入嫩江。西北：佗新河，自右翼後旗入，逕托額貴山，東南流，會綽爾河。西南：洮兒河，自右翼後旗入，東南流，匯為日月池，同入嫩江。以上統盟於哲里木。盟地在科爾沁右翼中旗境內。

The Jasagt tribe comprised one banner, attached to the Khorchin Right Wing. The zasak was stationed at Tubu Xincahan Slope, 1,600 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 2,010 li southwest of the capital. It was originally Khitan territory. Under the Liao it was Changchun Prefecture. Under the Jin it formed the northern frontier of Tai Prefecture. Under the Yuan it formed part of the Liaowang princely domain. Under the Ming it was held by the Khorchin; later it was allotted to his younger brother Amin, who established Jasagt. During the Tianming period, taiji Menggun submitted to the Qing; he was later enfeoffed as beile, and his line inherited leadership of the banner. Its pasturelands lay west of Qiqihar. It bordered the Nen River to the east, Zhongqi to the south, Ulan Tuobo to the west, and Mount Oruqidabaha to the north. It measured 60 li from east to west and 400 li from north to south. Its latitude was 46°30′ north. It lay 7°45′ east of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Shanhaiguan. To the northeast: Amin Mountain, named for the founding ancestor of the tribe. To the northwest: Chifang Mountain, known in Mongolian as Ulan Ger, and Diaoke Mountain, known in Mongolian as Yuele. To the north stood Duoyun Mountain and Saiken Mountain. To the southwest lay Ayanggar Slope. To the east: the Nen River enters from Heilongjiang territory, then flows south into the Gorlos Front Banner. To the north: the Chuo'er River rises in the northwestern Khingan Mountains, flows southeast to the west of the banner, splits into several branches, then turns southeast to enter the Nen River. To the northwest: the Tuoxin River enters from the Right Wing Rear Banner, passes Mount Tuoe'gui, flows southeast, and joins the Chuo'er River. To the southwest: the Tao'er River enters from the Right Wing Rear Banner, flows southeast, gathers into Sun-and-Moon Lake, and then enters the Nen River. The banners above were united in the Jirem league. The league seat lay within the Khorchin Right Wing Middle Banner.

杜爾伯特部一旗：附科爾沁右翼。札薩克駐多克多爾坡，在喜峰口東北一千六百四十里。西南距京師二千五十里。本契丹地。遼，長春州。金，泰州北境。元，遼王分地。明為科爾沁所據，後分與弟愛納噶，是為杜爾伯特。天聰中，台吉阿都齊來降，後封其子賽冷貝子，世襲掌旗。牧地當嫩江東岸、齊齊哈爾城東南。東界哈他伯齊坡，南界阿蘇台札噶，西界嫩江，北界布台格爾池、烏柯爾鄂克達。廣一百七十里，袤二百四十里。北極高四十七度十五分。京師偏東七度十分。貢道由山海關。東：富峪蒙名巴雅鼐。東南：哈他伯齊坡。西南：和幾蒙克坡。東北：阿拉克阿幾爾漢坡。北：疊翠岩蒙名磨朵圖。西：嫩江，自黑龍江境南流入，西與札賚特分界，又南入郭爾羅斯後旗。東：烏葉爾河，源出黑龍江境，西南入，逕黨納坡，又南入郭爾羅斯後旗。

The Dorbet tribe comprised one banner, attached to the Khorchin Right Wing. The zasak was stationed at Dokodor Slope, 1,640 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 2,050 li southwest of the capital. It was originally Khitan territory. Under the Liao it was Changchun Prefecture. Under the Jin it formed the northern frontier of Tai Prefecture. Under the Yuan it formed part of the Liaowang princely domain. Under the Ming it was held by the Khorchin; later it was allotted to his younger brother Ainaga, who established Dorbet. During the Tiancong period, taiji Adeqi submitted to the Qing; his son Saileng was later enfeoffed as beizi, and the line inherited leadership of the banner. Its pasturelands lay on the east bank of the Nen River, southeast of Qiqihar. It bordered Hataboqie Slope to the east, Asutai Zhaga to the south, the Nen River to the west, and Buteger Lake and Uke'er Ekeda to the north. It measured 170 li from east to west and 240 li from north to south. Its latitude was 47°15′ north. It lay 7°10′ east of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Shanhaiguan. To the east: Fuyu, known in Mongolian as Bayanai. To the southeast lay Hataboqie Slope. To the southwest lay Hejimengke Slope. To the northeast lay Alak Ajirhan Slope. To the north: Diecui Cliff, known in Mongolian as Modotu. To the west: the Nen River enters from the south in Heilongjiang territory, marks the western border with Jasagt, and then flows south into the Gorlos Rear Banner. To the east: the Wuye'er River rises in Heilongjiang territory, enters from the southwest, passes Dangna Slope, and flows south into the Gorlos Rear Banner.

郭爾羅斯部二旗：附科爾沁左翼。在喜峰口東北。本契丹地。遼置泰州昌德軍，屬上京。金大定中廢，移州於長春縣，以故地為金安縣，隸之。元為遼王分地。明為科爾沁所據，後分與其弟烏巴什，是為郭爾羅斯。天聰七年，台吉古木及布木巴來降，後封古木弟桑阿爾賽輔國公，世襲掌前旗，布木巴鎮國公，世襲掌後旗。其所部東界盛京永吉州，南界盛京邊牆，西及北界科爾沁。貢道由山海關。郭爾羅斯前旗札薩克駐固爾班察漢，在喜峰口東北一千四百八十七里。西南距京師一千八百九十七里。牧地當嫩江與松花江合流之西岸，在吉林伊通邊門外長春廳之西。東界烏拉河，南界柳條邊，西界博果圖，北界拜格台和碩。廣二百三十里，袤四百里。北極高四十五度三十分。京師偏東八度十分。其山：西南曰巴顏硃爾克山，一名牛心山。東南，衣馬圖峰。北，他奔拖羅海坡。東北，巴吉岱坡。西，巴顏布他岡。東：混同江，土名吉林江，自奉天永吉州西北入，東北流，會嫩江。又東折入後旗地，東北流，會黑龍江，東入海。南：一禿河，源出奉天永吉州境，北流出邊，逕龍安城，又東北流，會伊爾們河，入混同江。東南：伊爾們河，源出永吉州境，北流出邊，受南來之烏蘇土烏海河，會一禿河，入混同江。郭爾羅斯後旗札薩克駐榛子嶺，在喜峰口東北一千五百七十里。西南至京師一千九百八十里。牧地當混同江北岸、嫩江東岸。東界阿勒克巴魯，南界嫩江，西界嫩江，北界烏魯勒圖。廣二百二十里，袤二百六十里。北極高四十六度十分。京師偏東八度二十分。其山：東曰常峽坡。東南：阿祿布克色坡、阿拉克碧老坡。西北：拜拉喇齊坡。東北：布拉克台坡。西：烏葉爾河，自杜爾伯特入，分流為西訥河，西南流，同入嫩江。嫩江分流為牛川，蒙名烏庫爾，東南流，會烏葉爾河。

The Gorlos tribe comprised two banners, attached to the Khorchin Left Wing. It lay northeast of Xifengkou. It was originally Khitan territory. Under the Liao, Taizhou Changde Army was established here, subordinate to the Upper Capital. During the Jin Dading reign it was abolished; the prefectural seat was moved to Changchun County, and the former territory was organized as Jin'an County under its jurisdiction. Under the Yuan it formed part of the Liaowang princely domain. Under the Ming it was held by the Khorchin; later it was allotted to his younger brother Ubashi, who established Gorlos. In the seventh year of Tiancong, the taiji Gumu and Bumba submitted to the Qing; Gumu's younger brother Sang'ersai was later enfeoffed as fuguogong and his line inherited leadership of the front banner, while Bumba was enfeoffed as zhenguogong and his line inherited leadership of the rear banner. Its territory bordered Yongji Prefecture of Shengjing to the east, the Shengjing border wall to the south, and Khorchin to the west and north. Its tribute route ran through Shanhaiguan. The zasak of the Gorlos Front Banner was stationed at Gurban Chahan, 1,487 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,897 li southwest of the capital. Its pasturelands lay on the west bank at the confluence of the Nen and Songhua rivers, west of Changchun Subprefecture beyond the Jilin Yitong border gate. It bordered the Wula River to the east, the Willow Palisade to the south, Bogotu to the west, and Baigetai Khoshuu to the north. It measured 230 li from east to west and 400 li from north to south. Its latitude was 45°30′ north. It lay 8°10′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the southwest lay Bayan Jurq Mountain, also known as Ox Heart Mountain. To the southeast lay Yimatu Peak. To the north lay Taben Tuoluo Sea Slope. To the northeast lay Bajidai Slope. To the west lay Bayan Buta Ridge. To the east: the Hun Tong River, known locally as the Jilin River, enters from the northwest of Fengtian's Yongji Prefecture, flows northeast, and joins the Nen River. It then turns east into Rear Banner territory, flows northeast to join the Heilong River, and enters the sea to the east. To the south: the Yitu River rises in Fengtian's Yongji Prefecture, flows north across the border, passes Long'an, then flows northeast to join the Yi'ermen River and enter the Hun Tong River. To the southeast: the Yi'ermen River rises in Yongji Prefecture, flows north across the border, receives the Wusu Tuowuhai River from the south, joins the Yitu River, and enters the Hun Tong River. The zasak of the Gorlos Rear Banner was stationed at Zhenzi Ridge, 1,570 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,980 li southwest of the capital. Its pasturelands lay on the north bank of the Hun Tong River and the east bank of the Nen River. It bordered Alek Balu to the east, the Nen River to the south and west, and Urulutu to the north. It measured 220 li from east to west and 260 li from north to south. Its latitude was 46°10′ north. It lay 8°20′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the east lay Changxia Slope. To the southeast lay Alubukese Slope and Alak Bilao Slope. To the northwest lay Bailalaqi Slope. To the northeast lay Bulaketai Slope. To the west: the Wuye'er River enters from Dorbet territory, divides into the Xi Ne River, flows southwest, and both join the Nen River. The Nen River divides into the Niuchuan, known in Mongolian as Ukur, flows southeast, and joins the Wuye'er River.

喀喇沁部二旗，新增一旗曰中旗：在喜峰口東北。秦、漢，遼西郡境。唐，饒樂都督府，後入契丹。遼置中京大定府。金，北京。元，大寧路。明洪武中，封子權寧王。永樂初，盡以大寧地賜朵顏、泰寧、福餘三衛。朵顏時陰附韃靼為邊患，後為察哈爾所滅，以其地予其塔布囊，是為喀喇沁。天聰七年，部長蘇布地率昆弟塞冷等來降，後封蘇布地之子古魯思起布為貝子，主右翼，塞冷為鎮國公，主左翼，並世襲。康熙中，增設一旗，授喀寧阿一等塔布囊，加公銜，襲封。所部東界土默特及敖漢，西界察哈爾正藍旗牧場，南界盛京邊牆外，北界翁牛特。廣五百里，袤四百五十里。貢道由喜峰口。喀喇沁右翼札薩克駐錫伯河北，在喜峰口北三百九十里。西南距京師八百里。牧地在圍場東，跨老哈河。東界鄂博噶圖，南界霍落蘇泰，西界察罕鄂博，北界霍爾哈嶺。廣三百里，袤二百八十里。北極高四十一度五十分。京師偏東二度四十分。其山：東曰和爾坤都倫喀喇山、烏爾圖納蘇圖波羅山、伊瑪岱山、七金山蒙名和爾博勒津、大紅螺山蒙名巴顏烏蘭。東南，大斧山蒙名喀喇和邵、柞山蒙名巴圖插漢、大青山蒙名巴顏喀喇。南，和爾和克阿惠山、常吉爾岱山、拉克拉哈爾山。西南，昆都倫喀喇山。西，昆都爾圖山。北，鄂通台和羅圖山、綽和羅漠林嶺。南：老河，蒙名老哈，源出明安山，東北流，會諸小水，逕敖漢北、翁牛特左翼南，又經奈曼、喀爾喀二部，納奇札帶河，北流與潢河會。南，虎查河、和爾和克河、上神水河、呼魯蘇台河、巴爾漢河、納林昆都倫河，東，落馬河，同入老河。西：木睿喀喇克沁河，源出卯金插漢拖羅海山，西北流，會布墩河，又西流，合宜孫河，南入灤河。淘金圖河，西南流，會烏喇林河，亦南入灤河。東南：土河，蒙名土爾根，源出西默特山，東南流入土默特右翼。西：卯金溫泉有二，一出卯金河東，西流會卯金河，一出卯金河西，東南流，亦會卯金河。卯金河源出卯金嶺，西南流，會熱河。賽因阿拉善溫泉，即熱河之源也。喀喇沁左翼札薩克駐牛心山，在喜峰口東北三百五十里。西南距京師七百六十里。牧地當傲木倫河源。東界烏蘭哈達圖和碩，南界寧遠邊牆，西界烏里蘇太梁，北界唐奇鼐陀羅海。廣二百三里，袤一百七十里。北極高四十一度十分。京師偏東三度四十分。其山：東北曰峨倫和歌諾忒山。東，柏樹山蒙名邁拉蘇台喀喇。東南，阿布察山、噶海圖博羅山。南，翁噶爾圖山、拖和喀喇山、他奔拖羅海圖山。西南，樺山蒙名韋蘇圖、柞子嶺、貴石嶺。西，佗蘇圖喀喇山。西北，察爾契山、庫葛會山。西北：青龍河，蒙名顧沁河，源出長吉爾岱山，西南流，會湯圖河，逕額倫碧老嶺入邊城，逕永平府，北入灤河。南：額類河，源出額類嶺，南流會寬河，至奉天寧遠州西入邊，為黑水河，入六州河。北：大凌河蒙名敖木倫河，源出尾蘇圖山，東流，至西喇哈達圖山東北，折入土默特右翼，又東南入邊。西：和爾圖河，源出陀蘇圖喀喇山，東流，會敖木倫河。森幾河、賽因台河、石塔河、神水河、清水河皆從之。喀喇沁中旗在左右翼二旗界內。札薩克駐珠布格朗圖巴顏哈喇山。牧地跨老哈河源。東與北若西皆右翼，南左翼，東界博勒多克山，北界岳羅梁，西界霍爾果克。北極高四十一度三十分。京師偏東二度。其山：東曰博勒多克山。山南拉克篤爾山。

The Kharchin tribe comprised two banners, with a newly added Middle Banner; it lay northeast of Xifengkou. In the Qin and Han periods it lay within Liaoxi Commandery. Under the Tang it was Raole Protectorate; later it came under Khitan rule. Under the Liao the Central Capital Dading Prefecture was established here. Under the Jin it was the Northern Capital. Under the Yuan it was Daning Circuit. During the Hongwu reign of the Ming, the prince's son was enfeoffed as Prince of Quanning. At the beginning of the Yongle reign, the whole Daning region was granted to the three guards of Doyan, Taining, and Fuyu. Doyan at times secretly aligned with the Tatars and menaced the frontier; later Chakhar destroyed it and granted the land to a tabunang, who established Kharchin. In the seventh year of Tiancong, the tribal chief Subudi led his brothers Saileng and others to submit; Subudi's son Gurusi Qibu was later enfeoffed as beizi to head the Right Wing, and Saileng as zhenguogong to head the Left Wing, both lines inheriting in perpetuity. During the Kangxi reign a further banner was added; Kaning'a was granted first-rank tabunang with a ducal title, and the line inherited the enfeoffment. Its territory bordered Tumed and Aohan to the east, the Chakhar Plain Blue Banner pasture to the west, the country beyond the Shengjing border wall to the south, and Ongniud to the north. It measured 500 li from east to west and 450 li from north to south. Its tribute route ran through Xifengkou. The zasak of the Kharchin Right Wing was stationed north of the Xibo River, 390 li north of Xifengkou. It lay 800 li southwest of the capital. Its pasturelands lay east of the imperial hunting park, straddling the Lao River. It bordered Ebo Gatu to the east, Huoluosutai to the south, Chahan Ebo to the west, and Huo'erha Ridge to the north. It measured 300 li from east to west and 280 li from north to south. Its latitude was 41°50′ north. It lay 2°40′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the east lay Herkunduren Khara Mountain, Wurtu Nasutu Boluo Mountain, Imadai Mountain, Seven Gold Mountain (known in Mongolian as Herbolejin), and Great Red Conch Mountain (known in Mongolian as Bayan Ulan). To the southeast lay Great Axe Mountain (known in Mongolian as Khara Hashao), Oak Mountain (known in Mongolian as Batu Chahan), and Great Green Mountain (known in Mongolian as Bayan Khara). To the south lay Herheke Ahui Mountain, Changji'erdai Mountain, and Laklahahar Mountain. To the southwest lay Kundulen Khara Mountain. To the west lay Kundurtu Mountain. To the north lay Etongtai Heluotu Mountain and Chuoheluomolin Ridge. To the south: the Lao River, known in Mongolian as Lao Ha, rises on Ming'an Mountain, flows northeast gathering lesser streams, passes north of Aohan and south of the Ongniud Left Wing, then runs through Naiman and Khalkha territory, receives the Qizhadai River, flows north, and joins the Huang River. To the south, the Hucha, Herheke, Shangshenshui, Hulusutai, Ba'erhan, and Nalin Kundulen rivers; to the east, the Luoma River — all flow into the Lao River. To the west: the Murui Khara Keqin River rises on Maojin Chahan Tuoluo Sea Mountain, flows northwest to join the Budun River, then turns west, unites with the Yisun River, and enters the Luan River to the south. The Taojintu River flows southwest, joins the Wulalin River, and likewise enters the Luan River to the south. To the southeast: the Tu River, known in Mongolian as Turgun, rises on Ximote Mountain and flows southeast into the Tumed Right Wing. To the west: there are two Maojin hot springs; one east of the Maojin River flows west to join it, and one west of the Maojin River flows southeast and likewise joins it. The Maojin River rises on Maojin Ridge, flows southwest, and joins the Re River. The Sain Alashan hot spring is the source of the Re River. The zasak of the Kharchin Left Wing was stationed at Ox Heart Mountain, 350 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 760 li southwest of the capital. Its pasturelands lay at the source of the Aomulun River. It bordered Ulan Hadatu Khoshuu to the east, the Ningyuan border wall to the south, Ulisutai Ridge to the west, and Tangqinai Tuoluo Sea to the north. It measured 203 li from east to west and 170 li from north to south. Its latitude was 41°10′ north. It lay 3°40′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the northeast lay Elun Hegenuote Mountain. To the east lay Cypress Mountain, known in Mongolian as Mailasutai Khara. To the southeast lay Abucha Mountain and Gahaitu Boluo Mountain. To the south lay Enga'ertu Mountain, Tuohe Khara Mountain, and Taben Tuoluo Haitu Mountain. To the southwest lay Birch Mountain (known in Mongolian as Weisutu), Oak Ridge, and Guishi Ridge. To the west lay Tuosutu Khara Mountain. To the northwest lay Cha'erqi Mountain and Kugehui Mountain. To the northwest: the Qinglong River, known in Mongolian as the Guqin River, rises on Changji'erdai Mountain, flows southwest to join the Tangtu River, passes E'lun Bilao Ridge into the border city, runs through Yongping Prefecture, and enters the Luan River to the north. To the south: the Elei River rises on Elei Ridge, flows south to join the Kuan River, enters the border west of Fengtian's Ningyuan Prefecture as the Heishui River, and joins the Liuzhou River. To the north: the Daling River, known in Mongolian as the Aomulun River, rises on Weisutu Mountain, flows east to the northeast of Xil Hadatu Mountain, turns into Tumed Right Wing territory, and then enters the border to the southeast. To the west: the He'ertu River rises on Tuosutu Khara Mountain, flows east, and joins the Aomulun River. The Senji, Sain Tai, Shita, Shenshui, and Qingshui rivers all join it. The Kharchin Middle Banner lay within the territory of the Left and Right Wing banners. The zasak was stationed at Zhubugelangtu Bayan Khara Mountain. Its pasturelands straddled the source of the Lao River. To the east, north, and west it bordered the Right Wing; to the south, the Left Wing; its eastern border was Boloduoke Mountain, its northern border Yueluo Ridge, and its western border Huo'erguoke. Its latitude was 41°30′ north. It lay 2° east of the capital. Its mountains: to the east lay Boloduoke Mountain. To the south lay Lakdur Mountain.

土默特部二旗，左翼附一旗：在喜峰口東北。古孤竹國。漢，遼西郡治柳城縣地。燕，慕容皝建都，改龍城縣。元魏為營州治。隋復置柳城縣。唐為營州都督府治。遼置興中府。元，大寧路興中州。明以內附部長為三衛，自錦、義歷廣寧至遼河曰泰寧衛，後為蒙古土默特所據。天聰三年，台吉鄂木布、塔布囊善巴來降，後封善巴貝勒，主左翼，鄂木布貝子，主右翼，世襲。所部東界養息牧牧場，西界喀喇沁右翼，南界盛京邊牆，北界喀爾喀左翼及敖漢。廣四百六十里，袤三百一十里。貢道由喜峰口。乾隆中停貢。土默特左翼札薩克駐哈特哈山，左喜峰口東北八百二十里。西南距京師一千二百三十里。牧地當錫哷圖庫倫喇嘛游牧之南，養息牧牧場之西。東界岳洋河，南界什巴古圖山，西界巴噶塔布桑，北界當道斯河。廣一百六十里，袤一百三十里。北極高四十二度十分。京師偏東四度三十分。其山：南，達離山蒙名刻特俄爾多和碩。西，膜衣達摩山、青金山蒙名博羅蒙魁。北，淘金圖山、伊克翁山、巴漢翁山。北：庫昆河，或作呼渾河，自喀爾喀左翼入，會烏訥蘇台河、阿哈里河，入養息牧河。西北：羖羊河，蒙名衣馬圖河，源出彌勒山，西南流，逕青山，又南會馬鞍河，入邊，逕義州東北為細河，會清河入大凌河。土默特右翼札薩克駐巴顏和碩，亦名大華山，在喜峰口東北五百九十里。西南距京師一千里。牧地在九關台、新台邊門外，跨鄂木倫河。東界訥哷遜山，南界魏平山，西界鄂朋圖山，北界什喇陀羅海。廣二百九十里，袤一百八十里。北極高四十一度四十分。京師偏東四度二十分。其山：東曰衣達摩山、五鳳山、蓮花山。東南，喀喇七靈圖山。南，神應山蒙名蘇巴爾噶圖。西南，土祿克台山、卓常吉爾山。西，釜山蒙名喀喇拖和多、青山蒙名博羅和邵、鳳凰山蒙名兆馨喀喇。西北，布祿爾喀喇山。北，回賀爾山。東北，赤山蒙名五藍。西：大凌河，自喀喇沁左翼入，東流，逕古興中城，南折，東南流，納柳河，入邊。土爾根河，一自喀喇沁右翼東流入，一自奈曼南流入，均南流入大凌河。北：卓索河，源出回賀爾山。老寨河、土河、柞河，東北楊河，皆南流入土爾根河。西：小凌河，蒙名明安河，源出明安喀喇山，東北流，會木壘河、哈柳圖河，入邊，會烏馨河入海。土默特左翼附旗初，喀爾喀台吉巴勒布冰圖，康熙元年自杭愛山率屬來歸，詔附左翼札薩克達爾漢貝勒皁哩克圖牧。四年，封多羅貝勒。牧地在錫哷圖庫倫喇嘛游牧之西。東界霍濟勒河，南界庫昆河，西界布圖昆地，北界愛篤罕山。以上統盟於卓索圖。盟地在土默特右翼境內。

The Tumed tribe comprised two banners, with an additional banner attached to the Left Wing; it lay northeast of Xifengkou. It was the territory of the ancient Guzhu state. Under the Han it was the seat of Liaoxi Commandery at Liucheng County. Under Yan, Murong Huang established his capital here and renamed it Longcheng County. Under the Northern Wei it served as the seat of Yingzhou. Under the Sui, Liucheng County was re-established. Under the Tang it was the seat of the Yingzhou Protectorate-General. Under the Liao, Xingzhong Prefecture was established here. Under the Yuan it was Xingzhong Prefecture in Daning Circuit. Under the Ming, submitted tribal chiefs were organized as three guards; the stretch from Jin and Yi through Guangning to the Liao River was called Taining Guard; later the Mongol Tumed took possession of it. In the third year of Tiancong, the taiji Ombu and tabunang Shanba submitted; Shanba was later enfeoffed as beile to head the Left Wing, and Ombu as beizi to head the Right Wing, both lines inheriting in perpetuity. Its territory bordered the Yangximu pasture to the east, the Kharchin Right Wing to the west, the Shengjing border wall to the south, and the Khalkha Left Wing and Aohan to the north. It measured 460 li from east to west and 310 li from north to south. Its tribute route ran through Xifengkou. During the Qianlong reign tribute was suspended. The zasak of the Tumed Left Wing was stationed at Hatha Mountain, 820 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,230 li southwest of the capital. Its pasturelands lay south of the Xilutu Kulun lama encampments and west of the Yangximu pasture. It bordered the Yueyang River to the east, Shibagutu Mountain to the south, Bagatabusang to the west, and the Dangdaosi River to the north. It measured 160 li from east to west and 130 li from north to south. Its latitude was 42°10′ north. It lay 4°30′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the south lay Dali Mountain, known in Mongolian as Kete Ord Khoshuu. To the west lay Moyi Dama Mountain and Green Gold Mountain, known in Mongolian as Bolomengkui. To the north lay Taojintu Mountain, Ike Ong Mountain, and Bahan Ong Mountain. To the north: the Kukun River, also written as the Huhun River, enters from the Khalkha Left Wing, joins the Wunesutai and Ahari rivers, and flows into the Yangximu River. To the northwest: the Ram River, known in Mongolian as the Yimatu River, rises on Mile Mountain, flows southwest past Green Mountain, then turns south to join the Ma'an River, crosses the border northeast of Yizhou as the Xi River, unites with the Qing River, and enters the Daling River. The zasak of the Tumed Right Wing was stationed at Bayan Khoshuu, also known as Great Huashan, 590 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,000 li southwest of the capital. Its pasturelands lay beyond the Jiuguantai and Xintai border gates, straddling the Omulun River. It bordered Nelusun Mountain to the east, Weiping Mountain to the south, Eopengtu Mountain to the west, and Shilatuoluo Sea to the north. It measured 290 li from east to west and 180 li from north to south. Its latitude was 41°40′ north. It lay 4°20′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the east lay Yidamo Mountain, Five Phoenix Mountain, and Lotus Mountain. To the southeast lay Khara Qilingtu Mountain. To the south lay Shenying Mountain, known in Mongolian as Subargatu. To the southwest lay Tulukutai Mountain and Zhuochangji'er Mountain. To the west lay Fu Mountain (known in Mongolian as Khara Tuohduo), Green Mountain (known in Mongolian as Boluo Hashao), and Phoenix Mountain (known in Mongolian as Zhaoxin Khara). To the northwest lay Buluer Khara Mountain. To the north lay Huihe'er Mountain. To the northeast lay Red Mountain, known in Mongolian as Ulan. To the west: the Daling River enters from the Kharchin Left Wing, flows east past the old Xingzhong city, turns south and southeast, receives the Liu River, and crosses the border. The Turgun River: one branch enters from the east of the Kharchin Right Wing and another from the south of Naiman; both flow south into the Daling River. To the north: the Zhuosuo River rises on Huihe'er Mountain. The Laozhai, Tu, Oak, and northeastern Yang rivers all flow south into the Turgun River. To the west: the Xiaoling River, known in Mongolian as the Ming'an River, rises on Ming'an Khara Mountain, flows northeast to join the Mulei and Haliutu rivers, crosses the border, unites with the Wuxin River, and reaches the sea. The Tumed Left Wing attached banner originated when the Khalkha taiji Balebu Bingtu, in Kangxi 1, led his followers from the Khangai Mountains to submit; an edict placed them under the Left Wing zasak Darhan beile Zaoliketu for pasture. In the fourth year he was enfeoffed as duoluo beile. Its pasturelands lay west of the Xilutu Kulun lama encampments. It bordered the Huojile River to the east, the Kukun River to the south, Butukun territory to the west, and Aiduhan Mountain to the north. The tribes above were united in league at Josotu. The league seat lay within Tumed Right Wing territory.

敖漢部一旗：札薩克駐固班圖勒噶山，在喜峰口東北六百里。西南距京師一千一十里。本古鮮卑地。隋，契丹地。唐屬營州都督府。遼、金為興中府北境。元為遼王分地。明為喀爾喀所據，後分與其弟，號曰敖漢，役屬於察哈爾。天聰元年，貝勒塞臣卓禮克圖舉部來降，後封郡王，世襲。牧地跨老哈河。東界奈曼，南界土默特，西界喀喇沁，北界翁牛特。廣一百六十里，袤二百八十里。北極高四十三度十五分。京師偏東四度。貢道喜峰口。其山：東，哈達圖拖羅海山。東南，白石山蒙名插漢齊老台、富泉山。南，二天山蒙名騰格里、小蟠羊山蒙名巴漢衣馬圖。西南，韋布爾漢山、庫爾奇勒山。西，森幾拖羅海山、棗山蒙名齊巴噶。西北，巴雅海山。北，寬山蒙名鄂達博羅、兆虎圖插漢拖羅海山。東北，庫爾奇勒峰、梨谷蒙名阿里馬圖。其水：北，老河，蒙名老哈，自喀喇沁右翼入，東北流，逕噶察喀喇山，又東入翁牛特。西南，落馬河，蒙名百爾格，自喀喇沁右翼入，東北流，入老河。南，杜母達納林河，源出天山，北流入七老台池。南，衣馬圖泉，下流入沙池。東北，昆都倫喀喇烏素泉，南流入老河。

The Aohan tribe comprised one banner; the zasak was stationed at Gurban Tulega Mountain, 600 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,110 li southwest of the capital. It was originally ancient Xianbei territory. Under the Sui it was Khitan territory. Under the Tang it fell under the Yingzhou Protectorate-General. Under the Liao and Jin it formed the northern borderland of Xingzhong Prefecture. Under the Yuan it formed part of the Liaowang princely domain. Under the Ming it was held by the Khalkha; later it was allotted to his younger brother, who styled his domain Aohan and remained subject to Chakhar. In the first year of Tiancong, beile Saichen Zhuoliketu led his tribe to submit; he was later enfeoffed as junwang, and the line inherited in perpetuity. Its pasturelands straddled the Lao River. It bordered Naiman to the east, Tumed to the south, Kharchin to the west, and Ongniud to the north. It measured 160 li from east to west and 280 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°15′ north. It lay 4° east of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Xifengkou. Its mountains: to the east lay Hadatu Tuoluo Sea Mountain. To the southeast lay White Stone Mountain (known in Mongolian as Chahan Qilao Tai) and Fuquan Mountain. To the south lay Two Heaven Mountain (known in Mongolian as Tenggeri) and Little Coiled Ram Mountain (known in Mongolian as Bahan Yimatu). To the southwest lay Weibuerhan Mountain and Kurqile Mountain. To the west lay Senji Tuoluo Sea Mountain and Jujube Mountain, known in Mongolian as Qibaga. To the northwest lay Bayahai Mountain. To the north lay Kuan Mountain (known in Mongolian as Edabolo) and Zhaohutu Chahan Tuoluo Sea Mountain. To the northeast lay Kurqile Peak and Pear Valley, known in Mongolian as Alimatu. Its waters: to the north, the Lao River, known in Mongolian as Lao Ha, enters from the Kharchin Right Wing, flows northeast past Gacha Khara Mountain, and then east into Ongniud territory. To the southwest, the Luoma River, known in Mongolian as Baierge, enters from the Kharchin Right Wing, flows northeast, and joins the Lao River. To the south, the Dumudalin River rises on Tianshan Mountain and flows north into the Qilaotai Pool. To the south, the Yimatu spring drains into a sandy pool. To the northeast, the Kundulen Khara Usu spring flows south into the Lao River.

奈曼部一旗：札薩克駐章武台，在喜峰口東北七百里。西南距京師一千一百十里。古鮮卑地。隋，契丹地。唐屬營州都督府。遼、金為興中府北境。明為喀爾喀所據，分與親弟，號曰奈曼。天聰元年，酋長袞楚克巴圖魯為察哈爾所侵，來降，後封郡王，世襲。牧地當潢河、老哈河合流之南岸。東界科爾沁，南界土默特，西界敖漢，北界翁牛特。廣九十五里，袤二百二十里。北極高四十三度十五分。京師偏東五度。貢道由喜峰口。其山：南曰馬尼喀喇山、五鳳山蒙名他奔拖羅海。西，呼原博塔蘇爾海岡。東南，大黑山蒙名巴顏喀喇。東北，哈納岡。北：潢河自敖漢入，合老哈河，東北流，入喀爾喀左翼。南：圖爾根河，亦名土河，源出塔本陀羅海山，南入土默特右翼。西：固爾班和爾圖泉，東南流，會圖爾根河。

The Naiman tribe comprised one banner; the zasak was stationed at Zhangwutai, 700 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,110 li southwest of the capital. It was ancient Xianbei territory. Under the Sui it was Khitan territory. Under the Tang it fell under the Yingzhou Protectorate-General. Under the Liao and Jin it formed the northern borderland of Xingzhong Prefecture. Under the Ming it was held by the Khalkha; it was allotted to a younger brother of the same mother, who styled his domain Naiman. In the first year of Tiancong, the chieftain Guncuk Baturu, harried by Chakhar, submitted; he was later enfeoffed as junwang, and the line inherited in perpetuity. Its pasturelands lay on the south bank at the confluence of the Huang and Lao rivers. It bordered Khorchin to the east, Tumed to the south, Aohan to the west, and Ongniud to the north. It measured 95 li from east to west and 220 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°15′ north. It lay 5° east of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Xifengkou. Its mountains: to the south lay Mani Khara Mountain and Five Phoenix Mountain, known in Mongolian as Taben Tuoluo Sea. To the west lay Huyuan Bota Surhai Ridge. To the southeast lay Great Black Mountain, known in Mongolian as Bayan Khara. To the northeast lay Hana Ridge. To the north: the Huang River enters from Aohan territory, joins the Lao River, flows northeast, and enters the Khalkha Left Wing. To the south: the Tu'ergen River, also called the Tu River, rises on Taben Tuoluo Sea Mountain and flows south into Tumed Right Wing territory. To the west: the Gu'erban He'ertu spring flows southeast and joins the Tu'ergen River.

巴林部二旗：在古北口東北七百二十里。南距京師九百六十里。遼，上京臨潢府。金，大定後，並屬北京路。元屬廣寧路，為魯王分地。明初為廣寧衛，後屬烏梁海北境，後為順義王諳達五子巴林台吉所據，役屬於察哈爾。天命十一年，以巴林叛盟，征之，戮其貝勒。天聰二年，為察哈爾所破，貝勒塞特哩、台吉滿硃習禮來歸，改封塞特哩之子塞布騰郡王，主右翼，滿硃習禮為貝子，主左翼，襲封。右翼、左翼同游牧地，當潢河北岸。東界阿嚕科爾沁，南界翁牛特左翼，西界克什克騰，北界烏珠穆沁。廣二百五十里，袤二百三十三里。北極高四十三度三十六分。京師偏東二度十四分。貢道由獨石口。其山：東有鄂拜山、石雞山蒙名伊韜圖。南，巴爾達木哈喇山、勃突山蒙名巴爾當。遼五代祖勃突生於此山，因以名焉。西，碧柳圖山、清金山。東南，特墨車戶山。東北，僧機圖。南：潢河，自克什克騰入，東流，會黑河，入翁牛特左翼。黑河即古慶州黑水。東北：布雅鼐河，源出僧機圖山，東南流，會烏爾圖綽農河，東入阿嚕科爾沁，注於達布蘇圖池。有哈爾達蘇台河，西自克什克騰來注之，東南流入潢河。巴林左翼札薩克駐阿察圖陀羅海。巴林右翼札薩克駐托★山。

The Baarin tribe comprised two banners, lying 720 li northeast of Gubeikou. It lay 960 li south of the capital. Under the Liao it was part of Shangjing's Linhuang Prefecture. Under the Jin, after the Dading era, the whole region was placed under Beijing Circuit. Under the Yuan it belonged to Guangning Circuit and formed the appanage of the Prince of Lu. In early Ming it was Guangning Guard; later it lay in the northern reaches of Urianghai territory; still later it was seized by the Baarin taiji, fifth son of Shunyi wang Anda, and remained subject to Chakhar. In the eleventh year of Tianming, Baarin broke the alliance; the Qing attacked, and its beile was put to death. In the second year of Tiancong, after Chakhar defeated them, beile Setiri and taiji Manzhuxili submitted; Setiri's son Sebuteng was enfeoffed as junwang to head the Right Wing, and Manzhuxili as beizi to head the Left Wing, both lines inheriting in perpetuity. The Right and Left Wings shared the same pasturelands along the north bank of the Huang River. It bordered Aru Khorchin to the east, the Ongniud Left Wing to the south, Keshiketeng to the west, and Ujimchin to the north. It measured 250 li from east to west and 233 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°36′ north. It lay 2°14′ east of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Dushikou. Its mountains: to the east lay Ebai Mountain and Stone Cock Mountain, known in Mongolian as Yitao Tu. To the south lay Bardamu Khara Mountain and Botu Mountain, known in Mongolian as Bardang. The Liao dynastic ancestor Botu was born on this mountain, which therefore took its name. To the west lay Biliu Tu Mountain and Qingjin Mountain. To the southeast lay Temochehu Mountain. To the northeast lay Sengji Tu. To the south: the Huang River enters from Keshiketeng territory, flows east, joins the Hei River, and enters the Ongniud Left Wing. The Hei River is the ancient Heishui of Qingzhou. To the northeast: the Buyanai River rises on Sengji Tu Mountain, flows southeast to join the Wurtu Chuonong River, turns east into Aru Khorchin territory, and empties into Dabusutu Pool. The Hardasutai River flows in from Keshiketeng to the west and joins it, then continues southeast into the Huang River. The Baarin Left Wing zasak was stationed at Achatu Tuoluo Sea. The Baarin Right Wing zasak was stationed at Tuoben Mountain.

札魯特部二旗：在喜峰口東北。漢，遼東郡北境。唐屬營州都督府。遼，上京道地。金屬北京路。元屬上都路。明為蒙古札魯特所據，後屬喀爾喀。清初與札魯特內齊汗結親。後貝勒色本引兵助明，太祖擊擒之，旋釋歸。天聰二年，色本等為察哈爾所侵，與內齊舉部來降，封內齊貝勒，主左翼，色本貝勒，主右翼，世襲。左、右同游牧地，當哈古勒河、阿魯昆都倫河之源。東界科爾沁，南界喀爾喀左翼，西界阿嚕科爾沁，北界烏珠穆沁。廣一百二十五里，袤四百六十里。北極高四十五度三十分。京師偏東三度。貢道由喜峰口。札魯特左翼札薩克駐齊齊靈花陀羅海山北，在喜峰口東北一千一百里。西南距京師一千五百一十里。牧地當哈古勒河、阿魯坤都倫河之源，達布蘇圖河於此流入於沙。其山：北曰野鵲山蒙名巴顏喀喇、巴噶查克朵爾山。東北，屈劣山蒙名布敦花拖羅海。西南，噶海岡、車爾百湖岡。西，獨石岡。東南，貴勒蘇台。其水：南，潢河自阿嚕科爾沁入，逕車爾百湖岡，東流，入科爾沁，蒙名西拉木倫河，即遼河之西源也。北，沙河、阿祿昆都侖河，東流入科爾沁。額百里昆都侖河，源出愁思嶺，東流，亦入科爾沁。札魯特右翼札薩克駐圖爾山南，在喜峰口東北一千二百里。西南距京師一千六百四十里。牧地同。其山：南曰嵬石山蒙名札拉克。西南，托幾山。西，小白雲山蒙名巴哈插漢拖羅海山。西北，色爾奔山、幾祿克山、大青羊山蒙名伊克特黑。北，花山、蛇山、小青羊山蒙名巴漢特黑。其水：西北曰魁屯河，一名陰涼河，源出賀爾戈圖五藍山，東南流，會天河。北，阿里雅河，源出大赤峰，西流逕花山，入阿嚕科爾沁。他魯河源出大青羊山，南流，合阿里雅河。

The Jarud tribe comprised two banners, lying northeast of Xifengkou. Under the Han it formed the northern borderland of Liaodong Commandery. Under the Tang it fell under the Yingzhou Protectorate-General. Under the Liao it was territory of the Shangjing Circuit. Under the Jin it belonged to Beijing Circuit. Under the Yuan it belonged to Shangdu Circuit. Under the Ming it was held by the Mongol Jarud; later it came under the Khalkha. In early Qing a marriage alliance was formed with Jarud Khan Neqi. Later beile Seben led troops to aid the Ming; the Taizu attacked and captured him, then soon released him to return home. In the second year of Tiancong, Seben and others, harried by Chakhar, submitted with Neqi and their whole tribes; Neqi was enfeoffed as beile to head the Left Wing, and Seben as beile to head the Right Wing, both lines inheriting in perpetuity. The Left and Right shared the same pasturelands at the sources of the Hagul and Ar Khundlun rivers. It bordered Khorchin to the east, the Khalkha Left Wing to the south, Aru Khorchin to the west, and Ujimchin to the north. It measured 125 li from east to west and 460 li from north to south. Its latitude was 45°30′ north. It lay 3° east of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Xifengkou. The Jarud Left Wing zasak was stationed north of Qiqi Linghua Tuoluo Sea Mountain, 1,100 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,510 li southwest of the capital. Its pasturelands lay at the sources of the Hagul and Ar Khundlun rivers; the Dabusutu River here drains into sandy ground. Its mountains: to the north lay Wild Magpie Mountain (known in Mongolian as Bayan Khara) and Bagachak Duo'er Mountain. To the northeast lay Qulie Mountain, known in Mongolian as Budunhua Tuoluo Sea. To the southwest lay Gahai Ridge and Che'erbaihu Ridge. To the west lay Dushi Ridge. To the southeast lay Guilesu Tai. Its waters: to the south, the Huang River enters from Aru Khorchin territory, passes Che'erbaihu Ridge, flows east into Khorchin as the Xilamuren River — known in Mongolian as the Xilamuren River and the western source of the Liao River. To the north, the Sha River and the Alu Khundlun River flow east into Khorchin territory. The E'baili Khundlun River rises on Chousi Ridge, flows east, and likewise enters Khorchin territory. The Jarud Right Wing zasak was stationed south of Tu'er Mountain, 1,200 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,640 li southwest of the capital. Its pasturelands were the same. Its mountains: to the south lay Weishi Mountain, known in Mongolian as Zhala Ke. To the southwest lay Tuoji Mountain. To the west lay Little White Cloud Mountain, known in Mongolian as Baha Chahan Tuoluo Sea Mountain. To the northwest lay Se'erben Mountain, Jiluke Mountain, and Great Blue Sheep Mountain, known in Mongolian as Iketehei. To the north lay Flower Mountain, Snake Mountain, and Little Blue Sheep Mountain, known in Mongolian as Bahan Tehei. Its waters: to the northwest, the Kuitun River, also called the Yinliang River, rises on He'ergotu Wulan Mountain, flows southeast, and joins the Tian River. To the north, the Aliya River rises on Great Chifeng, flows west past Flower Mountain, and enters Aru Khorchin territory. The Talu River rises on Great Blue Sheep Mountain, flows south, and joins the Aliya River.

翁牛特部二旗：在古北口東北。唐，饒樂都督府地。遼置饒州匡義軍節度，屬上京道。金，北京路地。元為魯王分地。明初以烏梁海置衛為外籓，後自稱翁牛特，本服屬於阿嚕科爾沁。天聰七年，濟農索音、貝勒東率所部來降，後封索音郡王，主右翼，東貝勒，主左翼，並襲封。所部東界阿嚕科爾沁，南界喀喇沁及敖漢，西界熱河禁地，北界巴林及克什克騰。廣三百里，袤一百六十里。北極高四十三度十分。京師偏東二度五十分。貢道由喜峰口。翁牛特左翼札薩克駐札喇峰西綽克溫都爾，在古北口東北六百八十里。西南距京師九百二十里。牧地介潢河、老哈河之間。東界阿嚕科爾沁，南界敖漢，西界克什克騰，北界巴林。廣三百里，袤九十里。北極高四十三度十分。京師偏東二度五十分。其山：東曰小華山蒙名巴哈哈爾占、大松山蒙名伊克納喇蘇台。南，兆呼圖插漢拖羅海山。西，勃突山蒙名布墩、吐頹山蒙名巴爾哈岱。西北，古爾板土爾哈山。東南，阿爾齊土插漢岡。東北：兔麛山。其水：北曰潢河，自克什克騰入，東流逕巴林，又東流入境，又東北流，老河自敖漢來會，逕札魯特南、喀爾喀北，入科爾沁。翁牛特右翼札薩克駐哈齊特呼朗，在古北口外五百二十里。西南距京師七百六十里。牧地在熱河圍場東北，老哈河南岸。東界敖漢，南界喀喇沁右翼，西界圍場，北界克什克騰。廣二百四十里，袤一百里。北極高四十三度十分。京師偏東二度五十分。其山：東曰烏蘭布通山、夏屋山蒙名伊克布庫圖爾。東南，花和博圖山、阿爾渾查克插漢拖羅海山、棗山蒙名齊巴哈。南，古爾板拖羅海山、遮蓋山蒙名阿惠喀喇。西南，巴倫桑噶蘇台山、大黑山、額類蘇圖山。西，徒古爾喀喇山、博多克圖山。西北，巴顏布爾噶蘇台山、黃山蒙名洪戈爾峨博。北，馬鞍山蒙名西喇得伯僧、海他漢山。其水：南曰錫伯河，自喀喇沁北流入境，東北流，會麞河入老河。麞河，蒙名西爾哈，亦自喀喇沁流入境，東北流，逕巴顏喀喇山，東北會英金河，又東逕五藍峰北入老河。西北，烏拉岱河，源出楊木嶺，南流，經博多克圖山，折東北流，會麞河。西，巴倫撒拉河，源出葛爾齊老東北，東南流，逕巴爾圖山，折東北流，會烏拉岱河。西，車爾伯呼河，源出奴克都呼爾山，東南流，會麞河。英金河，源出嘏蟆嶺，東南流，亦會麞河，又東入老河。奴古台河、珠爾河、拜拉河，皆與英金河會。北，卓索河，源出海他漢山，東流會麞河，入老河。

The Ongniud tribe comprised two banners, lying northeast of Gubeikou. Under the Tang it was territory of the Raole Protectorate-General. Under the Liao, Raozhou was established as the Kuangyi Army commandery, subordinate to the Shangjing Circuit. Under the Jin it was territory of Beijing Circuit. Under the Yuan it formed the appanage of the Prince of Lu. In early Ming, Urianghai was organized as a guard in the outer dependencies; later it styled itself Ongniud and had long been subject to Aru Khorchin. In the seventh year of Tiancong, jinong Suoyin and Beile Dong led their followers to submit; Suoyin was later enfeoffed as junwang to head the Right Wing, and Dong as beile to head the Left Wing, both lines inheriting in perpetuity. Its territory bordered Aru Khorchin to the east, Kharchin and Aohan to the south, the Rehe forbidden preserve to the west, and Baarin and Keshiketeng to the north. It measured 300 li from east to west and 160 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°10′ north. It lay 2°50′ east of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Xifengkou. The Ongniud Left Wing zasak was stationed at Zhala Peak west of Chuo Ke Wenduer, 680 li northeast of Gubeikou. It lay 920 li southwest of the capital. Its pasturelands lay between the Huang and Lao rivers. It bordered Aru Khorchin to the east, Aohan to the south, Keshiketeng to the west, and Baarin to the north. It measured 300 li from east to west and 90 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°10′ north. It lay 2°50′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the east lay Little Hua Mountain (known in Mongolian as Bahaha'erzhan) and Great Pine Mountain (known in Mongolian as Ik Narasutai). To the south lay Zhaohutu Chahan Tuoluo Sea Mountain. To the west lay Botu Mountain (known in Mongolian as Budun) and Tuyui Mountain (known in Mongolian as Ba'erhadai). To the northwest lay Gu'erban Tu'erha Mountain. To the southeast lay Arqitu Chahan Ridge. To the northeast lay Young Deer Mountain. Its waters: to the north, the Huang River enters from Keshiketeng territory, flows east past Baarin, then east into the banner, then turns northeast; the Lao River comes from Aohan to join it, passes south of Jarud and north of the Khalkha, and enters Khorchin territory. The Ongniud Right Wing zasak was stationed at Haqite Hulang, 520 li beyond Gubeikou. It lay 760 li southwest of the capital. Its pasturelands lay northeast of the Rehe hunting preserve, on the south bank of the Lao River. It bordered Aohan to the east, the Kharchin Right Wing to the south, the hunting preserve to the west, and Keshiketeng to the north. It measured 240 li from east to west and 100 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°10′ north. It lay 2°50′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the east lay Ulanbutong Mountain and Xiawu Mountain (known in Mongolian as Ike Bukutur). To the southeast lay Huohebotu Mountain, Arhunzhake Chahan Tuoluo Sea Mountain, and Jujube Mountain (known in Mongolian as Qiba Ha). To the south lay Gu'erban Tuoluo Sea Mountain and Zhegai Mountain (known in Mongolian as Ahui Khara). To the southwest lay Balun Sangga Sutai Mountain, Great Black Mountain, and Eleisu Tu Mountain. To the west lay Tugur Khara Mountain and Bodoktu Mountain. To the northwest lay Bayan Burgasutai Mountain and Yellow Mountain (known in Mongolian as Honggor Ebo). To the north lay Ma'an Mountain (known in Mongolian as Xilade Boeng) and Haitahan Mountain. Its waters: to the south, the Xibo River enters the banner from north of Kharchin territory, flows northeast, joins the Roe Deer River, and enters the Lao River. The Roe Deer River, known in Mongolian as Xir Ha, likewise enters from Kharchin territory, flows northeast past Bayan Khara Mountain, turns northeast to join the Yingjin River, then flows east past the north side of Wulan Peak and into the Lao River. To the northwest, the Wuladai River rises on Yangmu Ridge, flows south past Bodoktu Mountain, turns northeast, and joins the Roe Deer River. To the west, the Balun Sala River rises northeast of Ge'erqi Lao, flows southeast past Bartu Mountain, turns northeast, and joins the Wuladai River. To the west, the Che'erbo Hu River rises on Nukedu Hu'er Mountain, flows southeast, and joins the Roe Deer River. The Yingjin River rises on Guama Ridge, flows southeast to join the Roe Deer River, then turns east into the Lao River. The Nugutai, Zhuer, and Baila rivers all flow into the Yingjin River. To the north, the Josotu River rises on Haitahan Mountain, flows east to join the Roe Deer River, and enters the Lao River.

阿嚕科爾沁部一旗：札薩克駐琿圖爾山東托果木台，在古北口東北千一百里。西南距京師一千三百四十里。遼，臨潢府地。金，大定府北境。元為遼王分地。明初於烏梁海地置衛為外籓，後自號阿嚕科爾沁。天聰六年，部長達賴為察哈爾所侵，率其子穆章來降，後封穆章貝勒，世襲，掌旗。牧地哈奇爾河、傲木倫河於此合流為達布蘇圖河。東界巴彥塔拉，南界翁牛特左翼什喇木蘭，西界蘇布山，北界烏蘭嶺。廣三百三十里，袤四百二十里。北極高四十度三十分。京師偏東三度五十分。貢道由喜峰口。其山：東北曰渾圖山。東，伊克陀惠山。東南，峨博圖山。南，庫格圖山、連山蒙名賀爾博拖羅海。西北，棗山蒙名齊巴哈圖。西南，巴漢阿拍札哈山、伊克阿拍札哈山。西，珍珠山蒙名蘇布、樂游山蒙名得訥格爾。南：潢河，蒙名西喇木倫河，自巴林入，逕他木虎噶察岡，入札魯特。西南：烏爾圖綽農河，自巴林入，逕刻勒峰，東南流，會哈喜爾河。又西北有和戈圖綽農河，源出西喇溫都爾山，南流，會烏爾圖綽農河，入哈喜爾河。哈喜爾河源出薩碧爾漢山南流逕庫格圖山，折而東流入札魯特。東北：阿里雅河，自札魯特右翼入，西南流，會哈喜爾河。西北：枯爾圖河，源出白石山，西流入巴林，會烏爾圖綽農河。尹札漢河，北流入烏珠穆沁。

The Aru Khorchin tribe comprised one banner; its zasak was stationed at Tuoguomutai east of Huntu'er Mountain, 1,100 li northeast of Gubeikou. It lay 1,340 li southwest of the capital. Under the Liao it was territory of Linhuang Prefecture. Under the Jin it formed the northern borderland of Dading Prefecture. Under the Yuan it was the princely domain of the Liaowang. In early Ming a guard was established in Urianghai territory among the outer dependencies; later the tribe styled itself Aru Khorchin. In the sixth year of Tiancong the tribal leader Dalai, harried by Chakhar, led his son Muzhang in submission; Muzhang was later enfeoffed as beile in a hereditary line and given charge of the banner. Its pasturelands lay where the Haqier and Aomulun rivers converge to form the Dabusutu River. It bordered Bayan Tara to the east, the Ongniud Left Wing's Shilamulan pasture to the south, Subu Mountain to the west, and Wulan Ridge to the north. It measured 330 li from east to west and 420 li from north to south. Its latitude was 40°30′ north. It lay 3°50′ east of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Xifengkou. Its mountains: to the northeast lay Huntun Mountain. To the east lay Ike Tuohui Mountain. To the southeast lay Ebo Tu Mountain. To the south lay Kugetu Mountain and Lian Mountain (known in Mongolian as He'erbo Tuoluo Sea). To the northwest lay Jujube Mountain (known in Mongolian as Qiba Hatu). To the southwest lay Bahan Apazaha Mountain and Ike Apazaha Mountain. To the west lay Pearl Mountain (known in Mongolian as Subu) and Leyou Mountain (known in Mongolian as Denege'er). To the south: the Huang River, known in Mongolian as the Xilamuren River, enters from Baarin territory, passes Tamuhugacha Ridge, and flows into Jarud. To the southwest: the Wurtu Chuonong River enters from Baarin territory, passes Kele Peak, flows southeast, and joins the Haxier River. Farther northwest the Hegotu Chuonong River rises on Xila Wenduer Mountain, flows south to join the Wurtu Chuonong River, and enters the Haxier River. The Haxier River rises south of Sabierhan Mountain, flows south past Kugetu Mountain, turns east, and enters Jarud territory. To the northeast: the Aliya River enters from the Jarud Right Wing, flows southwest, and joins the Haxier River. To the northwest: the Ku'ertu River rises on White Stone Mountain, flows west into Baarin territory, and joins the Wurtu Chuonong River. The Yinzahan River flows north into Ujimchin territory.

克什克騰部一旗：札薩克駐吉拉巴斯峰，在古北口東北五百七十里。南距京師八百十里。遼，上京道地。金屬北京路。元屬上都路及應昌路地。明為蒙古所據。天聰八年，滅察哈爾，克什克騰索諾木戴青來歸，授掌旗一等台吉，世襲。牧地在圍場北，當潢河之源。東界畢勒固圖和嶺，南界布圖坤，西界克勒特格伊場，北界烏蘇池。廣三百三十四里，袤三百五十七里。北極高四十三度。京師偏東一度。貢道由獨石口。其山：東曰蜘蛛山蒙名阿爾札、高澱山蒙名音納哈喀喇。東南，寧楚渾杜爾賓山。西南，恩都爾花山。西，烏素圖杜爾賓山、大黑山蒙名巴顏喀喇。西北，巴漢衣色里山、博爾多克山。北，黃山蒙名巴顏洪戈爾、木葉山蒙名几几恩都爾。東北，馬尾山蒙名叟幾。西：潢河，大遼水西一源也，蒙名西喇木倫，源出百爾赫賀爾洪，東北流，會諸水，逕旗北，又東流入巴林。又東，逕阿嚕科爾沁南、翁牛特北，又東北流，會老河，逕札魯特南、喀爾喀北，折東南流，逕科爾沁左翼，又南會大遼水，入邊城，是為遼河。西：薩里克河，源出烏素圖杜爾賓山，東北流，入潢河。西北：衣爾都黑河，源出烏素圖杜爾賓山，西流，會伊黑庫窩圖河，東北流，入潢河。西北：格類河，源出興安山東，南流，會穆名河入潢河。東北：釜河蒙名陀惠，源出岳碧爾山，北流入黑河。西南：高涼河，蒙名拜查，源出拜查泊，東北流，入潢河。東北：阿爾達圖河，源出興安山，西北流入烏珠穆沁，北流會葫蘆谷爾河。西北：捕魚兒海，蒙名達爾，公姑、野豬等四河流入其中，周數十里。

The Keshiketeng tribe comprised one banner; its zasak was stationed at Jilabasi Peak, 570 li northeast of Gubeikou. It lay 810 li south of the capital. Under the Liao it was territory of the Shangjing Circuit. Under the Jin it fell under the Beijing Circuit. Under the Yuan it fell under Shangdu Circuit and Yingchang Circuit territory. Under the Ming it was held by the Mongols. In the eighth year of Tiancong, after Chakhar was destroyed, Keshiketeng Sonom Daiqing submitted and was appointed hereditary first-rank taiji in charge of the banner. Its pasturelands lay north of the hunting preserve, at the source of the Huang River. It bordered Bilegutu Heling to the east, Butukun to the south, Keletege Yichang to the west, and Wusu Chi to the north. It measured 334 li from east to west and 357 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43° north. It lay 1° east of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Dushikou. Its mountains: to the east lay Spider Mountain (known in Mongolian as Arzha) and Gaodian Mountain (known in Mongolian as Yinahakhara). To the southeast lay Ningchu Hondurbin Mountain. To the southwest lay Endurhua Mountain. To the west lay Wusutu Durbin Mountain and Great Black Mountain (known in Mongolian as Bayan Khara). To the northwest lay Bahan Yiselii Mountain and Bo'erduoke Mountain. To the north lay Yellow Mountain (known in Mongolian as Bayan Honggor) and Muye Mountain (known in Mongolian as Jijien Dur). To the northeast lay Mawei Mountain (known in Mongolian as Souji). To the west: the Huang River — the western source of the Great Liao River, known in Mongolian as the Xilamuren — rises at Bai'erhe He'erhong, flows northeast as it gathers tributaries, passes north of the banner, and then flows east into Baarin territory. Farther east it passes south of Aru Khorchin and north of Ongniud, turns northeast to join the Lao River, runs south of Jarud and north of the Khalkha, bends southeast through the Khorchin Left Wing, then south to meet the Great Liao River, enters the border wall, and becomes the Liao River. To the west: the Salike River rises on Wusutu Durbin Mountain, flows northeast, and enters the Huang River. To the northwest: the Yierduhei River rises on Wusutu Durbin Mountain, flows west to join the Yiheikuwotu River, then turns northeast into the Huang River. To the northwest: the Gelei River rises east of the Xing'an Range, flows south to join the Muming River, and enters the Huang River. To the northeast: the Fu River, known in Mongolian as Tuohui, rises on Yuebi'er Mountain, flows north, and enters the Hei River. To the southwest: the Gaoliang River, known in Mongolian as Baicha, rises at Baicha Lake, flows northeast, and enters the Huang River. To the northeast: the Ardatur River rises in the Xing'an Range, flows northwest into Ujimchin territory, turns north, and joins the Hulugu'er River. To the northwest: Buyur Lake, known in Mongolian as Da'er, receives the Gonggu, Wild Boar, and two other rivers — four in all — and measures several tens of li around.

喀爾喀左翼部一旗：札薩克駐察罕和碩圖，在喜峰口東北八百四十里。西南距京師一千二百五十里。古鮮卑地。唐屬營州都督府。遼，上京道南境。金屬北京路。明為喀爾喀所據，後屬於西路札薩克圖汗。元太祖十六世孫格埒森札居杭愛山，始號喀爾喀，其孫巴延達喇為西路札薩克圖汗之祖，即今外蒙古四部之一。清初酋長古木布伊爾登與札薩克圖汗來降，後封貝勒，世襲，主左翼。牧地當養息牧河源。東界科爾沁，南界土默特左翼，西界奈曼，北界札魯特。廣一百二十五里，袤二百三十里。北極高四十三度四十二分。京師偏東五度二十七分。貢道由喜峰口。其山：東曰喀海拖羅海山。南，達祿拖羅海山、巴漢哈伯他海山。西南，五灰山蒙名烏尼蘇台、大黑山蒙名巴顏喀喇、青山蒙名博羅惠博羅溫都爾，與奈曼東南接界。東南，他木虎岡。北：潢河，自翁牛特流入，又東流入科爾沁。西北：老河，蒙名老哈，自奈曼入，東北流，會潢河。東南：養息牧河，源出旗南，東北流，逕喀海拖羅海山，又東南，會庫昆河，逕養息牧牧廠，東流入彰武台邊門，西至廣寧，又東南流入遼河。南：庫昆河，源出五灰山，東流入土默特。以上統盟於昭烏達。盟地在翁牛特左翼境內。

The Khalkha Left Wing tribe comprised one banner; its zasak was stationed at Chahan Heshitu, 840 li northeast of Xifengkou. It lay 1,250 li southwest of the capital. It was ancient Xianbei territory. Under the Tang it fell under the Yingzhou Protectorate-General. Under the Liao it formed the southern borderland of the Shangjing Circuit. Under the Jin it fell under the Beijing Circuit. Under the Ming it was held by the Khalkha; later it came under the Western Route Zasagtu Khan. Gelsenzha, sixteenth-generation descendant of Genghis Khan, settled on Hang'ai Mountain and first took the name Khalkha; his grandson Bayandara was ancestor of the Western Route Zasagtu Khan — one of the four tribes of Outer Mongolia today. In early Qing the chieftain Gumubuyirdeng and the Zasagtu Khan submitted; he was later enfeoffed as hereditary beile and given charge of the Left Wing. Its pasturelands lay at the source of the Yangximu River. It bordered Khorchin to the east, the Tumed Left Wing to the south, Naiman to the west, and Jarud to the north. It measured 125 li from east to west and 230 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°42′ north. It lay 5°27′ east of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Xifengkou. Its mountains: to the east lay Kahai Tuoluo Sea Mountain. To the south lay Dalu Tuoluo Sea Mountain and Bahan Habotu Sea Mountain. To the southwest lay Five Ash Mountain (known in Mongolian as Wuni Sutai), Great Black Mountain (known in Mongolian as Bayan Khara), and Green Mountain (known in Mongolian as Bolohui Bolowenduer), where the banner meets Naiman's southeastern border. To the southeast lay Tamuhu Ridge. To the north: the Huang River enters from Ongniud territory and flows east into Khorchin. To the northwest: the Lao River, known in Mongolian as Lao Ha, enters from Naiman territory, flows northeast, and joins the Huang River. To the southeast: the Yangximu River rises south of the banner, flows northeast past Kahai Tuoluo Sea Mountain, turns southeast to join the Kukun River, passes the Yangximu pasture, flows east through the Zhangwutai border gate, west to Guangning, and then southeast into the Liao River. To the south: the Kukun River rises on Five Ash Mountain and flows east into Tumed territory. The tribes above were united in the Zhaowuda league. The league seat lay within Ongniud Left Wing territory.

烏珠穆沁部二旗：在古北口東北。遼，上京道北境。金屬北京路。元屬上都路。明為蒙古所據，自號烏珠穆沁，察哈爾汗族也。林丹汗暴虐，貝勒多爾濟偕塞楞往依喀爾喀。天聰八年來歸，封多爾濟親王，主右翼，塞楞貝勒，主左翼，並世襲。其地東界索倫，西界浩齊特，南界巴林，北界瀚海。廣三百六十里，袤四百二十五里。貢道由獨石口。烏珠穆沁右翼札薩克駐巴克蘇爾哈台山，在古北口東北九百二十三里。南距京師一千一百六十三里。牧地有音札哈河流入於沙，有胡蘆古爾河，瀦於阿達克諾爾。東界左翼，南界巴林，西界浩齊特左翼，北界車臣汗中右旗。廣三百六十里，袤二百一十里。北極高四十四度四十五分。京師偏東一度十分。其山：東曰瑞鹿山蒙名布虎圖。西，大小黃鷹山、黑山蒙名喀喇圖。西北，雙山蒙名賀岳爾俄得、烏里雅台山。東北，賽音恩都爾山。水則東南：賀爾洪河，源出噶木爾站，西流入蘆水。禿河一名葫蘆古爾，源出古什克騰東北，名阿爾達圖河，西北流入右翼，為葫蘆古爾河，又北流入阿達可池。烏珠穆沁左翼札薩克駐鄂爾虎河之側奎蘇陀羅海，在古北口東北一千一百六十里。南距京師一千四百里。牧地當索岳爾濟山之西。有鄂爾虎河，繞其游牧，匯於和里圖諾爾。東界霍尼雅爾哈賴圖，南界庫冽圖，西界達賴蘇圖，北界額里引什里。廣二百五十六里，袤二百一十五里。北極高四十六度二十分。京師偏東二度二十分。其山：東南曰哈爾站五藍峰。北，色爾蚌峰。水則東北：色野爾齊河，源出哈老圖泊，西南入蘆水。東南：音札哈河，自阿嚕科爾沁入，西北亦入蘆水。

The Ujimchin tribe comprised two banners northeast of Gubeikou. Under the Liao it formed the northern borderland of the Shangjing Circuit. Under the Jin it fell under the Beijing Circuit. Under the Yuan it fell under Shangdu Circuit. Under the Ming the Mongols held this territory; they took the name Ujimchin and belonged to the Chakhar khanate. When Ligdan Khan ruled harshly, beile Dorji and Sengge withdrew to Khalkha territory. In the eighth year of Tiancong they submitted; Dorji was enfeoffed as prince to head the Right Wing and Sengge as beile to head the Left Wing, both posts hereditary. Its territory bordered Solon territory to the east, Khuuchid to the west, Baarin to the south, and the Hanhai (Gobi) to the north. It measured 360 li from east to west and 425 li from north to south. Its tribute route ran through Dushikou. The zasak of the Ujimchin Right Wing was stationed at Bak Sur Khatai Mountain, 923 li northeast of Gubeikou. It lay 1,163 li south of the capital. Its pasturelands included the Yinzhaha River, which sinks into the sands, and the Hulu Gu'er River, which pools at Adak Nor. It bordered the Left Wing to the east, Baarin to the south, the Khuuchid Left Wing to the west, and the Khalkha Tsetsen Khan's Middle Right Banner to the north. It measured 360 li from east to west and 210 li from north to south. Its latitude was 44°45′ north. It lay 1°10′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the east lay Auspicious Deer Mountain (known in Mongolian as Buhutu). To the west lay Great and Small Yellow Hawk Mountains and Black Mountain (known in Mongolian as Khara Tu). To the northwest lay Twin Mountains (known in Mongolian as He'yuer Ede) and Uliyatai Mountain. To the northeast lay Saiyin Endur Mountain. Its waters: to the southeast, the He'erhong River rises at Gamur Station and flows west into the Lu River. The Tu River, also known as the Hulu Gu'er, rises in northeastern Keshiketeng as the Ardutu River, flows northwest through the Right Wing as the Hulu Gu'er River, and then north into Adak Chi. The zasak of the Ujimchin Left Wing was stationed at Kuisu Tuoluo Sea on the Orkhon River, 1,160 li northeast of Gubeikou. It lay 1,400 li south of the capital. Its pasturelands lay west of Soyurji Mountain. The Orkhon River wound through its nomadic pastures and emptied into Helitu Nor. It bordered Honiyar Khailatu to the east, Kulietu to the south, Dalai Sutu to the west, and Elying Shili to the north. It measured 256 li from east to west and 215 li from north to south. Its latitude was 46°20′ north. It lay 2°20′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the southeast lay Harzhan Wulan Peak. To the north lay Se'erbeng Peak. Its waters: to the northeast, the Seyeqi River rises at Halaotu Bo and flows southwest into the Lu River. To the southeast: the Yinzhaha River enters from Aru Khorchin territory and likewise flows northwest into the Lu River.

阿巴哈納爾部二旗：在張家口東北。漢，上谷郡北境。晉屬元魏。隋、唐為突厥地。遼為上京道西境。金為北京路西北境。元屬上都路。明為蒙古所據，號所部曰阿巴哈納爾，本役屬於喀爾喀車臣汗。崇德間，台吉塞冷、董夷思拉布來降，後封董夷思拉布貝子，主左翼，塞冷貝勒，主右翼，並襲封。所部東界浩齊特，西界阿巴噶右翼，南界正藍旗察哈爾，北界瀚海。廣百八十里，袤四百三十六里。貢道：右翼由張家口，左翼由獨石口。阿巴哈納爾右翼札薩克駐永安山，在張家口東北六百四十里。東南距京師一千五十里。牧地有達里岡愛諾爾。東界希爾當山，南界博羅溫都爾岡，西界哈喇堂，北界華陀羅海山。廣六十里，袤三百一十里。北極高四十三度三十分。京師偏東二十分。其山：南曰巴爾達木山。東，特爾墨山。北，哈納峰、僧機圖山。西，賀爾賀山。東南，大熊山蒙名巴賴都爾。東北，床山蒙名席勒。西北，雙山蒙名和岳爾察罕陀羅海山。其水：南曰韭河，蒙名郭和蘇台，自正藍旗察哈爾入，逕博羅岡，西北入阿巴噶。南，息雞淀，蒙名哈雅。東，葦淀，蒙名呼魯蘇檯布祿都。西南，褒勒泊。西北，袞布祿都泊。北，葛都爾庫泉、和幾葛爾泉。阿巴哈納爾左翼札薩克駐烏爾呼拖羅海山，在獨石口東北五百八十里。東南距京師一千一百里。牧地同上。東與北皆界浩齊特，南界阿巴噶，西界右翼旗。廣一百二十里，袤三百一十八里。北極高四十三度五十三分。京師偏東二十八分。其山：西曰色爾騰洪戈爾山，一名黃山。西北，布爾漢山、觸寶山、覆舟山蒙名呼里翁戈春。其水：北有黑勒泊。西北，達藍圖裡泉。

The Abagal tribe comprised two banners northeast of Zhangjiakou. Under the Han it formed the northern borderland of Shanggu Commandery. Under the Jin it fell under Northern Wei. Under the Sui and Tang it was Turkic territory. Under the Liao it formed the western borderland of the Shangjing Circuit. Under the Jin it formed the northwest frontier of the Beijing Circuit. Under the Yuan it fell under Shangdu Circuit. Under the Ming the Mongols held this territory and called their tribe Abagal; they had originally been subject to the Khalkha Tsetsen Khan. During the Chongde reign, taiji Sengge and Dongyi Silab submitted; Dongyi Silab was later enfeoffed as beizi to head the Left Wing and Sengge as beile to head the Right Wing, both titles inheritable. Its territory bordered Khuuchid to the east, the Abag Right Wing to the west, the Chahar Plain Blue Banner to the south, and the Hanhai to the north. It measured 180 li from east to west and 436 li from north to south. Tribute routes: the Right Wing through Zhangjiakou, the Left Wing through Dushikou. The zasak of the Abagal Right Wing was stationed at Yong'an Mountain, 640 li northeast of Zhangjiakou. It lay 1,050 li southeast of the capital. Its pasturelands included Daligangai Nor. It bordered Xierdang Mountain to the east, Bolowendu'er Gang to the south, Halatang to the west, and Huatuoluo Sea Mountain to the north. It measured 60 li from east to west and 310 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°30′ north. It lay 20′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the south lay Bardamu Mountain. To the east lay Termo Mountain. To the north lay Hana Peak and Sengjitu Mountain. To the west lay He'erhe Mountain. To the southeast lay Great Bear Mountain (known in Mongolian as Balaidur). To the northeast lay Bed Mountain (known in Mongolian as Xile). To the northwest lay Twin Mountains (known in Mongolian as Heyue'er Chahan Tuoluo Sea Mountain). Its waters: to the south, the Jiu River — known in Mongolian as Guohesutai — enters from Chahar Plain Blue Banner territory, passes Boluo Gang, and flows northwest into Abag territory. To the south lay Xiji Dian (known in Mongolian as Haya). To the east lay Reed Dian (known in Mongolian as Hulusutai Buludu). To the southwest lay Baole Bo. To the northwest lay Gunbuludu Bo. To the north lay Geduerku Spring and Hejige'er Spring. The zasak of the Abagal Left Wing was stationed at Wuerhu Tuoluo Sea Mountain, 580 li northeast of Dushikou. It lay 1,100 li southeast of the capital. Its pasturelands were the same as described above. It bordered Khuuchid to the east and north, Abag to the south, and the Right Wing banner to the west. It measured 120 li from east to west and 318 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°53′ north. It lay 28′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the west lay Se'erteng Honggor Mountain, also known as Yellow Mountain. To the northwest lay Burhan Mountain, Chubao Mountain, and Capsized Boat Mountain (known in Mongolian as Huliwenggechun). Its waters: to the north lay Heile Bo. To the northwest lay Dalantuoli Spring.

浩齊特部二旗：在獨石口東北。遼，上京道西境。金屬北京路。元屬上都路。明為蒙古所據。察哈爾汗族也。林丹汗暴虐，其貝勒博羅特、台吉噶爾瑪色旺往依喀爾喀。天聰八年來降，以博羅特主左翼，噶爾瑪色旺主右翼，並郡王，襲封。所部東北界烏珠穆沁，南界克什克騰，西界阿巴噶。廣一百七十里，袤三百七十五里。貢道由獨石口。浩齊特右翼札薩克駐特古力克呼圖克湖欽，在獨石口東北六百九十里。東南距京師一千一百九十里。牧地當錫林河下游，北瀦為達母鄂謨。東界布爾勒吉山，南界札哈蘇台池，西界布爾色克陀羅海，北界哈魯勒陀羅海。廣七十五里，袤三百七十五里。北極高四十四度。京師偏東三分。其山，右翼主山：東南，古爾板賀老圖山、古爾板俄得山。東，伊爾伯都山。南，布當圖山。北，胡呂山蒙名阿拉忒。西北，阿拍達蘭圖山。水則東：白濼蒙名柴達木。東南：大魚濼。南：松子泉蒙名和爾多。東北：察得爾泉。西北：昆都侖泉、布哈泉。浩齊特左翼札薩克駐烏默黑塞里，在獨石口東北六百八十五里。東南距京師一千一百八十五里。牧地濱大小吉里河。東界額爾起納克登，南界小吉里河源，北界奇塔特哈覃陀羅海，西界瑪齊布勒克烏蘭哈達。廣九十五里，袤三百一十里。北極高四十四度五分。京師偏東四分。其山：東南曰薩爾巴山。西北，野狐山蒙名烏納格忒。北，蘇門峰。西北，五藍峰。水則東南：天鵝濼、庫魯爾圖泉。北，沖戈爾泊。西南，阿祿布里都泊。西北，賀老圖泉。

The Khuuchid tribe comprised two banners northeast of Dushikou. Under the Liao it formed the western borderland of the Shangjing Circuit. Under the Jin it fell under the Beijing Circuit. Under the Yuan it fell under Shangdu Circuit. Under the Ming it was held by the Mongols. They belonged to the Chakhar khanate. When Ligdan Khan ruled harshly, his beile Borot and taiji Garmasewang withdrew to Khalkha territory. In the eighth year of Tiancong they surrendered; Borot was placed in charge of the Left Wing and Garmasewang of the Right Wing, both enfeoffed as junwang with inheritable titles. Its territory bordered Ujimchin to the northeast, Keshiketeng to the south, and Abag to the west. It measured 170 li from east to west and 375 li from north to south. Its tribute route ran through Dushikou. The zasak of the Khuuchid Right Wing was stationed at Tegulik Hutuk Lakeqin, 690 li northeast of Dushikou. It lay 1,190 li southeast of the capital. Its pasturelands lay along the lower Xilin River, pooling to the north at Damu E'mo. It bordered Buerleji Mountain to the east, Zhahasutai Chi to the south, Buerseke Tuoluo Sea to the west, and Halule Tuoluo Sea to the north. It measured 75 li from east to west and 375 li from north to south. Its latitude was 44° north. It lay 3′ east of the capital. Its mountains — the Right Wing's principal peaks: to the southeast lay Gurban Helaotu Mountain and Gurban Ede Mountain. To the east lay Yierbedu Mountain. To the south lay Budangtu Mountain. To the north lay Hulu Mountain (known in Mongolian as Alate). To the northwest lay Apaidalantu Mountain. Its waters: to the east lay White Marsh (known in Mongolian as Chaidamu). To the southeast lay Great Fish Marsh. To the south lay Pine Nut Spring (known in Mongolian as He'erduo). To the northeast lay Chader Spring. To the northwest lay Kundulun Spring and Buha Spring. The Khuuchid Left Wing zasak was stationed at Wumeiheiseri, 685 li northeast of Dushikou. It lay 1,185 li southeast of the capital. Its pasturelands bordered the Da and Xiao Jili rivers. It bordered E'erqina Keden to the east, the headwaters of the Xiao Jili River to the south, Qitate Haqintuoluo Sea to the north, and Maqibuleke Ulan Hada to the west. It measured 95 li from east to west and 310 li from north to south. Its latitude was 44°05′ north. It lay 4′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the southeast lay Sa'erba Mountain. To the northwest lay Yehu Mountain (known in Mongolian as Unaget). To the north lay Sumen Peak. To the northwest lay Wulan Peak. Its waters: to the southeast lay Swan Marsh and Kuluer Spring. To the north lay Chongge'er Marsh. To the southwest lay Alubulidu Marsh. To the northwest lay Helaotu Spring.

阿巴噶部二旗：在張家口東北。漢，上谷郡北境。晉為拓跋氏地。隋、唐為突厥地。遼，上京道西境。金屬北京路。元屬上都路。明為蒙古所據，號所部曰阿巴噶。本役屬於察哈爾。林丹汗暴虐，濟農都思噶爾、貝勒多爾濟往依喀爾喀。天聰九年來降，後以多爾濟主右翼，都思噶爾主左翼，並封郡王，世襲。所部東界阿巴哈納爾，西界蘇尼特，南界正藍旗察哈爾，北界瀚海。廣二百里，袤三百十里。右翼貢道由張家口。左翼貢道由獨石口。阿巴噶左翼札薩克駐巴顏額倫，在獨石口東北五百五十里。南距京師一千七十里。牧地環錫林河。東界巴爾啟台之哈喇鄂博噶圖，南界烏蘇圖土魯格池，西界什爾登山，北界哈布塔噶陀羅海。廣一百二十里，袤一百八十里。北極高四十三度五十分。其山：東南曰哈爾塔爾山、喀喇得伯僧山、邵龍山。西南，武歷山蒙名哲爾吉倫、察里爾圖山。南，哈斯胡雅斯坡。其水：東南，陰涼河，蒙名魁屯，源出卓索圖站，流入旗界。東南，鶴壘斗勒泊。北，金河泊。西南，西喇布里都泊。阿巴噶右翼札薩克駐科布爾泉，在張家口東北五百九十里。南距京師一千里。牧地有庫爾察罕諾爾，為固爾班烏斯克河所瀦。東界哈畢喇噶泉，南界伊柯什噶，西界庫庫勒，北界華陀博。廣八十里，袤三百一十里。北極高四十三度三十分。京師偏西二十分。其山：東南曰色幾庫山。南，硃爾哈台拖羅海山。西北，馬尼圖拖羅海山、白石山蒙名插漢七老圖。北，阿拍濟哈山、霸特山蒙名克色克拖羅海、羖羊山蒙名特克拖羅海。其水：東南，韭河，蒙名郭和蘇台，自阿巴哈納爾入，逕色幾庫山，西流入白海子。南，噶爾圖泊。東南，渾圖泊。西南，呼爾泊、鴛鴦濼蒙名昂吉爾圖。東，硃爾克額勒蘇圖泉。北，赤泉。東北，哈碧爾漢泉。

The Abag tribe comprised two banners northeast of Zhangjiakou. Under the Han it formed the northern borderland of Shanggu Commandery. Under the Jin it was Tuoba clan territory. Under the Sui and Tang it was held by the Turks. Under the Liao it formed the western borderland of the Shangjing Circuit. Under the Jin it fell under the Beijing Circuit. Under the Yuan it fell under Shangdu Circuit. Under the Ming the Mongols held this territory and named their tribe Abag. They had originally been subject to Chakhar. When Ligdan Khan ruled harshly, jinong Tusigar and beile Dorji withdrew to Khalkha territory. In the ninth year of Tiancong they surrendered; Dorji was later placed in charge of the Right Wing and Tusigar of the Left Wing, both enfeoffed as junwang with inheritable titles. Its territory bordered Abagal to the east, Sunid to the west, the Chahar Plain Blue Banner to the south, and the Hanhai to the north. It measured 200 li from east to west and 310 li from north to south. The Right Wing's tribute route ran through Zhangjiakou. The Left Wing's tribute route ran through Dushikou. The Abag Left Wing zasak was stationed at Bayan Elun, 550 li northeast of Dushikou. It lay 1,070 li south of the capital. Its pastures ringed the Xilin River. To the east it bordered the Hala Ebo Gatu of Ba'erqitai; to the south, Wusutu Tuluge Chi; to the west, Shi'erdeng Mountain; and to the north, Habutaga Tuoluo Sea. It measured 120 li from east to west and 180 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°50′ north. Its mountains: to the southeast lay Ha'erta'er Mountain, Kaladeboseng Mountain, and Shaolong Mountain. To the southwest lay Wuli Mountain (known in Mongolian as Zherjilun) and Chali'ertu Mountain. To the south lay Hasihuyasi Slope. Its waters: to the southeast, the Yinliang River — known in Mongolian as Kuitun — rises at Zhuosuotu Station and flows into the banner territory. To the southeast lay Heleidoule Marsh. To the north lay Jinhe Marsh. To the southwest lay Xilabulidu Marsh. The Abag Right Wing zasak was stationed at Kobuer Spring, 590 li northeast of Zhangjiakou. It lay 1,000 li south of the capital. Its pasturelands included Kurchahan Nuor, impounded by the Gurban Usk River. To the east it bordered Habila Spring; to the south, Yikeshiga; to the west, Kukule; and to the north, Huatuobo. It measured 80 li from east to west and 310 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°30′ north. It lay 20′ west of the capital. Its mountains: to the southeast lay Sejiku Mountain. To the south lay Zhuerhatai Tuoluo Sea Mountain. To the northwest lay Manitu Tuoluo Sea Mountain and Baishi Mountain (known in Mongolian as Chahan Qilaotu). To the north lay Apaijiha Mountain, Bate Mountain (known in Mongolian as Kesek Tuoluo Sea), and Ram Mountain (known in Mongolian as Tek Tuoluo Sea). Its waters: to the southeast, the Jiu River — known in Mongolian as Guohesutai — enters from Abagal territory, passes Sejiku Mountain, and flows west into White Sea Marsh. To the south lay Ga'ertu Marsh. To the southeast lay Huntu Marsh. To the southwest lay Hu'er Marsh and Mandarin Duck Marsh (known in Mongolian as Angjirtu). To the east lay Zhuerke Elesutu Spring. To the north lay Chi Spring. To the northeast lay Habierhan Spring.

蘇尼特部二旗：在張家口北。漢，上谷、代二郡北境。後漢，烏桓、鮮卑地。隋、唐為突厥地。遼置撫州。金因之，屬西京路。元為興和路地。明為蘇尼特所據，察哈爾汗族也。天聰九年，其濟農叟塞、貝勒滕吉思來朝，後封叟塞郡王，主右翼，滕吉思弟滕吉泰郡王，主左翼，襲封。東界阿巴噶右翼，西界四子部落，南界察哈爾正藍旗牧廠，北界瀚海。廣四百六里，袤五百八十里。貢道由張家口。蘇尼特右翼札薩克駐薩敏錫勒山，在張家口北五百五十里。東南距京師九百六十里。牧地在瀚海北。東界額爾蘇霍吉爾，南界烏科爾齊老，西界特莫格圖，北界吉魯格。廣二百四十六里，袤二百八十里。北極高四十三度二分。京師偏西二度一分。其山：南曰布爾色克山、福山蒙名克什克、和爾和山。西南，烏克爾硃爾克山、俄爾綽克山。西，德林山。東北，巴輪明安拖羅海山、嵬名山蒙名札喇。東南，努倫坡。其水：西南曰長水，蒙名烏爾圖，源出和爾和山。東南，占木土鹽泊。南，西喇布祿泊、滾泊。電局在西蘇尼特王府東北七十里。蘇尼特左翼札薩克駐和林圖察伯台岡，在張家口北五百七十里。東南距京師九百八十里。牧地當固爾班烏斯克河。東界庫庫勒山，南界察罕池，西界色柯爾山，北界阿爾噶里山。廣一百六十里，袤三百里。北極高四十三度三分。京師偏東一度二分。其山：東南曰巴顏特克山一名羖䍽山。西北，喀爾他和邵山。北，博錐拖羅海山、拜音拖羅海山一名祥古山。其水：東南曰努克黑忒水，一名兔園水，自察哈爾正藍旗入，逕福山北流入呼爾泊。西，古爾板馬潭泊。東南，呼爾泊。西南，黑山濼。以上統盟於錫林郭勒。盟地在阿巴噶左翼、阿巴哈納爾左翼兩旗界內。

The Sunid tribe comprised two banners north of Zhangjiakou. Under the Han it formed the northern borderland of Shanggu and Dai commanderies. Under the Later Han it was Wuhuan and Xianbei territory. Under the Sui and Tang it was held by the Turks. The Liao established Fuzhou here. The Jin retained it under the Western Capital Circuit. Under the Yuan it fell within Xinghe Circuit. Under the Ming the Sunid held this territory; they belonged to the Chakhar khanate. In the ninth year of Tiancong its jinong Saose and beile Tenggis presented themselves at court; Saose was later enfeoffed as junwang and placed in charge of the Right Wing, and Tenggis's younger brother Tengjitai as junwang over the Left Wing, both with inheritable titles. It bordered the Abag Right Wing to the east, the Four Sons tribe to the west, the Chahar Plain Blue Banner pasture office to the south, and the Hanhai to the north. It measured 406 li from east to west and 580 li from north to south. Its tribute route ran through Zhangjiakou. The Sunid Right Wing zasak was stationed at Samin Xile Mountain, 550 li north of Zhangjiakou. It lay 960 li southeast of the capital. Its grazing lands lay north of the Hanhai. To the east it bordered E'ersuhuo Jier; to the south, Wuke'er Qilao; to the west, Temoge Tu; and to the north, Jiluge. It measured 246 li from east to west and 280 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°02′ north. It lay 2°01′ west of the capital. Its mountains: to the south lay Bu'erseke Mountain, Fu Mountain (known in Mongolian as Keshike), and He'erhe Mountain. To the southwest lay Wuke'er Zhuerke Mountain and E'erchuoke Mountain. To the west lay Delin Mountain. To the northeast lay Balun Ming'an Tuoluo Sea Mountain and Weinan Mountain (known in Mongolian as Zhala). To the southeast lay Nulun Slope. Its waters: to the southwest, the Changshui — known in Mongolian as Wurtu — rises from He'erhe Mountain. To the southeast lay Zhanmutu Salt Marsh. To the south lay Xilabulu Marsh and Gun Marsh. The telegraph bureau stood 70 li northeast of the West Sunid princely residence. The Sunid Left Wing zasak was stationed at Helin Tucha Botai Gang, 570 li north of Zhangjiakou. It lay 980 li southeast of the capital. Its pastures straddled the Gurban Usk River. To the east it bordered Kukule Mountain; to the south, Chahan Chi; to the west, Seke'er Mountain; and to the north, A'ergali Mountain. It measured 160 li from east to west and 300 li from north to south. Its latitude was 43°03′ north. It lay 1°02′ east of the capital. Its mountains: to the southeast lay Bayan Tek Mountain, also known as Ram Mountain. To the northwest lay Ka'erhe and Shaoshan. To the north lay Bozhui Tuoluo Sea Mountain and Bayin Tuoluo Sea Mountain, also known as Xianggu Mountain. Its waters: to the southeast, the Nukehei River — also called Tu Garden River — enters from Chahar Plain Blue Banner, passes north of Fushan, and flows into Hu'er Marsh. To the west lay Gurban Matan Marsh. To the southeast lay Hu'er Marsh. To the southwest lay Heishan Marsh. The banners above were united in the Xilingol league. The league seat lay within the territory shared by the Abag Left Wing and Abagal Left Wing banners.

四子部落一旗：札薩克駐烏蘭額爾濟坡，在張家口西北五百五十里。東南距京師九百六十里。漢，雁門、定襄二郡北境。晉為拓跋氏地。唐為振武軍地。遼為豐州地，屬西京道。金屬西京路。元屬大同路。明為阿祿喀爾喀所據，分與四子，號四子部。天聰八年，貝勒鄂木布來朝，後敘功封郡王，襲封。牧地有錫喇察漢諾爾，錫喇木倫河瀦之。東北界蘇尼特，西界歸化城土默特，南界鑲紅旗察哈爾。廣二百三十五里，袤二百四十里。北極高四十二度四十一分。京師偏西四度二十二分。貢道由張家口。其山：東曰博濟蘇克山。東南，陰山。南，白爾白狼山一名新婦山、爾多斯山。西南，納札海山、阿祿蘇門峰。西北，獨牛山蒙名烏克爾圖祿。東北：陽山蒙名北蘭。西，富峪蒙名巴顏鄂坡蘇。西北：黃水河，蒙名西喇木倫，自喀爾喀右翼入，東北流，出喀倫邊。西：希巴爾台泉、雅孫哈柏濟爾泉。南：噶爾哈圖泉。西南：德本得泉、青堿泉蒙名博羅虎濟爾。西北：白石泉蒙名插漢齊老。

The Four Sons tribe comprised one banner; the zasak was stationed at Wulan E'erji Slope, 550 li northwest of Zhangjiakou. It lay 960 li southeast of the capital. Under the Han it formed the northern borderland of Yanmen and Dingxiang commanderies. Under the Jin it was Tuoba clan territory. Under the Tang it fell within Zhenwu Army territory. Under the Liao it was Fengzhou, part of the Western Capital Circuit. Under the Jin it fell under the Western Capital Circuit. Under the Yuan it fell under Datong Circuit. Under the Ming Alu Khalkha held this territory, apportioned it among the Four Sons, and the tribe took the name Four Sons. In the eighth year of Tiancong, Beile Emu came to court; later his service was rewarded with enfeoffment as a prince of the second rank, the title passing in inheritance. Its pastures centered on Xilachahan Lake, which the Xilamuren River backs up. To the northeast it bordered Sunid; to the west, Guihua Tumed; and to the south, Bordered Red Banner Chahar. It measured 235 li from east to west and 240 li from north to south. Its latitude was 42°41′ north. It lay 4°22′ west of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Zhangjiakou. Its mountains: to the east lay Bojisuoke Mountain. To the southeast lay the Yin Mountains. To the south lay Baier Bailang Mountain, also known as New Bride Mountain and Ordos Mountain. To the southwest lay Nazhaihai Mountain and Alu Sumen Peak. To the northwest lay Lone Ox Mountain (known in Mongolian as Uke'ertu Lu). To the northeast lay Yang Mountain (known in Mongolian as Beilan). To the west lay Fuyu (known in Mongolian as Bayan Epo Su). To the northwest: the Yellow Water River — known in Mongolian as Xilamuren — enters from Khalkha Right Wing territory, flows northeast, and leaves the border at Kulun. To the west lay Xiba'ertai Spring and Yasunhabaijier Spring. To the south lay Ga'erhatu Spring. To the southwest lay Deben Springs and Qingjian Spring (known in Mongolian as Boluohujier). To the northwest lay White Stone Spring (known in Mongolian as Chahan Qilao).

茂明安部一旗：札薩克駐徹特塞里，在張家口西北八百里。東南距京師二千二百四十里。漢，五原郡地。元魏，懷朔鎮地。唐，振武軍地。遼，東勝州地，屬西京道。金因之。元屬大同路。明初設衛戍守，蒙古據之，號曰茂明安。天聰八年，舉部來降。康熙三年，授僧格掌旗一等台吉，襲封。牧地當愛布哈河源。東界喀爾喀，西界烏喇特，南界歸化城土默特，北界瀚海。廣百里，袤一百九十里。北極高四十一度十五分。京師偏西六度九分。貢道由張家口。其山：東曰伊克哈達圖山。東南，和岳爾白爾克山、插漢峨博山。西南，哈拉海圖山、官山。西，羖羊山蒙名喀喇特克。西北，齊齊爾哈插漢七老山。東北，古爾板喀喇山、郭岳惠插漢七老山。南：昆都倫河，源出和岳爾白爾克山，西流，逕官山，入烏喇特。東北：布祿爾托海河，源出伊克哈達圖山，北流，會愛畢哈河。愛畢哈河源出刻勒峰，東流，逕古爾板喀喇山，入喀爾喀。南：拜星圖泉，源出哈拉海圖山，西南流，會昆都倫河。

The Maoming'an tribe comprised one banner; the zasak was stationed at Cheteseli, 800 li northwest of Zhangjiakou. It lay 2,240 li southeast of the capital. Under the Han it formed Wuyuan Commandery. Under the Northern Wei it lay within Huai Shuo Garrison territory. Under the Tang it fell within Zhenwu Army territory. Under the Liao it was Dongsheng Prefecture, part of the Western Capital Circuit. Under the Jin the arrangement continued unchanged. Under the Yuan it fell under Datong Circuit. In early Ming times guards were posted here; the Mongols then held the land and called it Maoming'an. In the eighth year of Tiancong the entire tribe submitted. In the third year of Kangxi, Senge was appointed hereditary first-rank taiji in charge of the banner. Its pastures straddled the headwaters of the Aibuh River. To the east it bordered Khalkha; to the west, Urad; to the south, Guihua Tumed; and to the north, the Hanhai. It measured 100 li from east to west and 190 li from north to south. Its latitude was 41°15′ north. It lay 6°09′ west of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Zhangjiakou. Its mountains: to the east lay Ike Hadatu Mountain. To the southeast lay Heyue'er Baierke Mountain and Chahan Ebo Mountain. To the southwest lay Halahaitu Mountain and Guan Mountain. To the west lay Ram Mountain (known in Mongolian as Karatek). To the northwest lay Qiqi'erha Chahan Qilao Mountain. To the northeast lay Gurban Khara Mountain and Guoyuehui Chahan Qilao Mountain. To the south: the Kundulun River rises on Heyue'er Baierke Mountain, flows west past Guan Mountain, and enters Urad territory. To the northeast: the Bulu'ertuohai River rises on Ike Hadatu Mountain, flows north, and joins the Aibih River. The Aibih River rises on Kele Peak, flows east past Gurban Khara Mountain, and enters Khalkha territory. To the south: Baixingtu Spring rises on Halahaitu Mountain, flows southwest, and joins the Kundulun River.

烏喇特部三旗：三札薩克同駐哈達瑪爾，在歸化城西三百六十里。東南距京師一千五百二十里。漢，五原郡。元魏，懷朔鎮。唐，中西受降城地。遼置雲內州，屬西京道。金因之。元為大同路。明為瓦喇所據。天聰七年，瓦喇台吉鄂板達爾漢來朝，率圖巴額爾赫及塞泠伊爾登二旗歸附。順治五年，敘從征功，以圖巴掌中旗，鄂木布子鄂班掌前旗，色稜子巴克巴海掌後旗，同封鎮國公，授札薩克，世襲。前、中、後三旗同牧地，當河套北岸噶札爾山南。東界茂明安，南界鄂爾多斯左翼前旗，西界鄂爾多斯右翼後旗，北界喀爾喀右翼。廣二百一十五里，袤三百里。北極高四十度五十二分。京師偏西六度三十分。貢道由殺虎口。其山：東曰昆都倫山一名居延山、狼山蒙名綽農拖羅海山。西，木納山。北，河套山、雪山蒙名叉蘇台。東北，敖西喜山、白石山蒙名插漢七老圖。西北，大青山蒙名漠喀喇、烏蘭拜星山一名赤城山。西南，席勒山一名床山。東南，漠惠圖坡。南：黃河，自鄂爾多斯西北境入，東流逕旗南，又東折南入歸化城土默特。西北：柳河，蒙名布爾哈圖，源出陽山東平地，西南流，會敖泉入黃河。哈柳圖河，源出席勒山北，南流會席勒河，逕馬神山，又西南折入黃河。北：東哈柳圖河，源出麥垛山，西南逕東西德爾山南、拜星圖北，為席漢河，又西南入黃河。烏爾圖河，源出雪山，西南流入黃河。帷山河，源出帷山，西南會黑河。黑河，蒙名喀喇木倫，自茂明安所屬地流入，西南流，逕帷山入黃河。齊齊爾哈納河，自茂明安入，西南流，逕白石山，亦會黑河。蘇爾哲河，源出雪山，西流會舍忒河。舍忒河源出敖西喜山，西流逕大青山入黃河。東：昆都倫河，東南五達河從之。

The Urad tribe comprised three banners; all three zasaks were jointly stationed at Hadama'er, 360 li west of Guihua City. It lay 1,520 li southeast of the capital. Under the Han it formed Wuyuan Commandery. Under the Northern Wei it lay within Huai Shuo Garrison. Under the Tang it fell within the Middle Western Surrender City territory. Under the Liao Yunnei Prefecture was established, part of the Western Capital Circuit. Under the Jin the arrangement continued unchanged. Under the Yuan it formed part of Datong Circuit. Under the Ming the Oirat held this territory. In the seventh year of Tiancong, Oirat Taiji Eban Darhan came to court and brought the Tubae'erge and Saileng Yierdeng banners into allegiance. In the fifth year of Shunzhi, battlefield service was rewarded: Tubazhang headed the Middle Banner, Emubu's son Eban the Front Banner, and Selengzi Bakubahai the Rear Banner; all three were enfeoffed as barons of the first rank, appointed zasak, and granted hereditary titles. The Front, Middle, and Rear banners pastured together on the Hetao's north bank, south of Gazha'er Mountain. To the east it bordered Maoming'an; to the south, Ordos Left Wing Front Banner; to the west, Ordos Right Wing Rear Banner; and to the north, Khalkha Right Wing. It measured 215 li from east to west and 300 li from north to south. Its latitude was 40°52′ north. It lay 6°30′ west of the capital. Its tribute route ran through Shahu Pass. Its mountains: to the east lay Kundulun Mountain, also known as Juyan Mountain and Lang Mountain (in Mongolian, Chuonong Tuoluo Sea Mountain). To the west lay Muna Mountain. To the north lay Hetao Mountain and Snow Mountain (known in Mongolian as Chasu Tai). To the northeast lay Aoxixi Mountain and White Stone Mountain (known in Mongolian as Chahan Qilao Tu). To the northwest lay Great Green Mountain (Mongolian Mokhara) and Wulan Baixing Mountain, also known as Chicheng Mountain. To the southwest lay Xile Mountain, also known as Bed Mountain. To the southeast lay Mohuitu Slope. To the south: the Yellow River enters from Ordos's northwest border, flows east along the banner's southern edge, then bends southeast into Guihua Tumed territory. To the northwest: the Liu River — known in Mongolian as Bu'erhatu — rises on the flatlands east of Yang Mountain, flows southwest, joins Ao Spring, and enters the Yellow River. The Haliutu River rises north of Xile Mountain, flows south to join the Xile River, passes Mashen Mountain, then bends southwest into the Yellow River. To the north: the East Haliutu River rises on Maiduo Mountain, flows southwest between the East and West De'er ranges and north of Baixingtu, becomes the Xihan River, and enters the Yellow River to the southwest. The Wurtu River rises on Snow Mountain and flows southwest into the Yellow River. The Weishan River rises on Weishan Mountain, flows southwest, and joins the Hei River. The Hei River — known in Mongolian as Karamuren — enters from Maoming'an territory, flows southwest past Weishan Mountain, and enters the Yellow River. The Qiqi'erhana River enters from Maoming'an, flows southwest past White Stone Mountain, and likewise joins the Hei River. The Su'erzhe River rises on Snow Mountain, flows west, and joins the Shete River. The Shete River rises on Aoxixi Mountain, flows west past Great Green Mountain, and enters the Yellow River. To the east lay the Kundulun River; the Wuda River to the southeast follows its course.

喀爾喀右翼部一旗：札薩克駐塔爾渾河，在張家口西北七百十里。東南距京師一千一百三十里。漢，定襄、雲中二郡北境。唐，振武軍地。遼，豐州地，屬西京道。金因之。元屬大同路。明為喀爾喀所據，台吉本塔爾，喀爾喀土謝圖汗親屬，世為台吉。順治中，與土謝圖汗有隙，來歸，封親王，主右翼。牧地在愛布哈、塔爾渾河合流處。東界四子部落，西界茂明安，南界歸化城，北界瀚海。廣百二十里，袤一百三十里。北極高四十一度四十四分。京師偏西五度五十五分。貢道由張家口。其山：東曰拜音拖羅海山、西神山。西南，哈達圖山、罽嶺蒙名毛德爾。北，白雲山蒙名插漢和邵。東北，插漢峨博山、摩禮圖峨博岡。東南，烏蘭峨博山、翁公峨博岡。西，西巴爾圖峨博岡。東南：黃水河，自歸化城土默特入境，逕翁公峨博岡，東北流，入四子部落。西北：愛畢哈河，自茂明安逕白雲山、喀喇峨博岡間，東流，出喀倫邊。以上統盟於烏蘭察布。盟地在四子部落境內，歸化城南百二十里。有五藍叉拍山，即此。

The Khalkha Right Wing tribe comprised one banner; the zasak was stationed on the Ta'erhun River, 710 li northwest of Zhangjiakou. It lay 1,130 li southeast of the capital. Under the Han it formed the northern borderland of Dingxiang and Yunzhong commanderies. Under the Tang it fell within Zhenwu Army territory. Under the Liao it was Fengzhou, part of the Western Capital Circuit. Under the Jin the arrangement continued unchanged. Under the Yuan it fell under Datong Circuit. Under the Ming the Khalkha held this territory; the taiji Bentar, a kinsman of the Khalkha Tushetu Khan, held the title of taiji in succession. During the Shunzhi reign, after a breach with the Tushetu Khan, he submitted to the Qing and was enfeoffed as a prince of the first rank in charge of the right wing. Its pastures lay at the confluence of the Aibuh and Ta'erhun rivers. To the east it bordered the Four Sons tribe; to the west, Maoming'an; to the south, Guihua City; and to the north, the Hanhai. It measured 120 li from east to west and 130 li from north to south. Its latitude was 41°44′ north. It lay 5°55′ west of the capital. Its tribute route passed through Zhangjiakou. Its mountains: to the east lay Baiyin Tuoluo Sea Mountain and Xishen Mountain. To the southwest lay Hadatu Mountain and Ji Ridge (known in Mongolian as Maode'er). To the north lay White Cloud Mountain (known in Mongolian as Chahan Hosho). To the northeast lay Chahan Ebo Mountain and Molitu Ebo Ridge. To the southeast lay Wulan Ebo Mountain and Wenggong Ebo Ridge. To the west lay Xibartu Ebo Ridge. To the southeast: the Yellow Water River enters from Guihua Tumed territory, runs past Wenggong Ebo Ridge, flows northeast, and enters Four Sons territory. To the northwest: the Aibih River enters from Maoming'an, flows east between White Cloud Mountain and Khara Ebo Ridge, and exits at the karun frontier. The banners above were united in the Ulanqab league. The league seat lay in Four Sons territory, 120 li south of Guihua City. This was the Wulan Chabai Mountain referred to above.

鄂爾多斯舊六旗，又增設一旗，共七旗：在綏遠西二百八十五里河套內。東南距京師一千一百里。秦，新秦中。漢，朔方郡地。晉，前後趙、前後秦、赫連夏地。元魏為夏州北境。隋於其地東置勝州、西置豐州，後改榆林、五原二郡。唐置州，復改郡。五代、宋、金屬西夏。元立西夏、中興等路。後廢，其地東屬東勝、雲內二州，延安、寧夏等路。明初置東勝等州，立屯戍，耕牧其中。嘉靖中，套西吉納部落擊破和實居此，是為鄂爾多斯。天聰九年，額林臣來歸，賜濟農之號。順治六年，封郡王等爵有差，七旗皆授札薩克，自為一盟於伊克昭。東界歸化城土默特，西界喀爾喀，南界陝西長城，北界烏喇特。東、西、北三面距河，自山西偏頭關至陝西寧夏街，延長二千餘里。貢道由殺虎口。乾隆元年裁。鄂爾多斯左翼中旗正中近東。札薩克駐敖西喜峰，在札拉谷西一百六十里，本隋、唐勝州地。牧地有納瑪帶泊，喀錫拉河出旗界東北流瀦焉。東至袞額爾吉廟，接左翼前旗，南至神木縣邊城，西至察罕額爾吉，接右翼前旗，北至喀賴泉，接右翼後旗。廣一百一十五里，袤三百二十里。北極高三十九度三十分。京師偏西七度。其水：東曰紫河，蒙名五藍木倫，源出台石坡西平地，西南流入陝西邊境。東，袞額爾吉河，源出袞額爾吉坡南平地，西南流，會哈楚爾河。哈楚爾河源出喀楚爾坡西平地，西南流，會紫河，入神木，為屈野河。鄂爾多斯左翼前旗套內東南。古榆林塞。札薩克駐札拉谷，在湖灘河朔西百四十五里。明，榆林左衛地。牧地當偏關西。左倚黃河，東界湖灘河朔，南界清水河，西界左翼中旗，北界左翼後旗。廣二百四十五里，袤二百一十里。北極高三十九度四十分。京師偏西五度四十分。東南：和岳爾喀喇拖羅海山一名夾山、黑山蒙名喀喇和邵。北：巴漢得石峰。西北：得石峰。東北：昆兌河，源出平地，東南流入黃河。東南：小昆兌河，亦東南流入黃河。東：布林河，源出查木，塔爾奇爾河，源出噶克插冒頓；哈岱河，源出賀爾博金坡南平地，均東南流入黃河。芹河，蒙名伊克西喇爾幾台，源出杜爾伯特拜坡東平地，南流入邊城，為陝西府谷縣清水川。小芹河，源出得勒蘇台坡南平地，克丑河，源出噶克插冒頓東平地，南西河，源出科爾口，俱東入芹河。西南：麞河，蒙名西爾哈，源出常樂堡，合葫盧海南流入紅石峽。鄂爾多斯左翼後旗套內東北。札薩克駐巴爾哈遜湖，在黃河帽帶津西百四十里。隋、唐，勝州、榆林郡治。牧地當山西五原廳南、薩拉齊廳西。東界薩拉齊，南界左翼前旗，西界左翼中旗，北界烏喇特。廣二百八十里，袤一百五十里。北極高四十度四十分。京師偏西八度。東南：退諾克拖羅海山，山西為拜圖拖羅海山。南：伊克翁公岡、巴漢翁公岡。東南：插漢拖羅海岡。西北：車根木倫河，源出撒爾奇喇地，東流入黃河。烏爾巴齊河，源出平地，黑河蒙名伊克土爾根，源出虎虎冒頓地；西：兔毛河，蒙名陶賴昆兌，源出敖柴達木，柳河，蒙名布爾哈蘇台，源出插漢拖羅海岡，喀賴河，源出硃爾漢虎都克，西都喇虎河，源出吳烈泉，東坎台河，源出布木巴泉，均北流入黃河。鄂爾多斯右翼中旗正西近南。札薩克駐錫拉布里多諾爾，在鄂爾吉虎泊西南二百六十里。漢朔方郡南境。牧地當寧夏東北騰格里泊。東北皆界右翼後旗，南界右翼前旗，西界賽音諾顏左翼後旗。廣三百二十里，袤四百八十里。北極高三十九度四十分。京師偏西九度。南：蘇海阿祿山、賀佟圖山。西：色爾騰山。西北：黃草山蒙名庫勒爾齊、鄂藍喀喇陀羅海山、色爾蚌喀喇山。西南：庫葛爾黑河，源出庫葛爾黑泉，南流入邊，又西折出邊，入黃河。西北：伊克托蘇圖河，源出布海札剌克地，西流會黃河。西：巴漢托蘇圖河，源出巴惠泉，西北流，會依克托蘇圖河，入黃河。鄂爾多斯右翼前旗套內西南。札薩克駐巴哈諾爾，在敖西喜★西九十里。隋、唐，夏、勝二州地。牧地當陝西懷遠西北大鹽濼。東界左翼中旗，南界懷遠，西界右翼中旗，北界右翼後旗。廣一百八十里，袤二百七十里。北極高三十八度二十分。京師偏西九度。其山：南曰恩多爾拜山、岩靈山一名錦屏山。東南，總材山蒙名磨多圖。西南，巴音山。東南：上稍兒河，源出鯀布里都，南流入邊城。南：席伯爾河，源出蟒喀圖虎爾虎地，南流會西克丑河入邊城，為榆林之榆溪。阿爾塞河，源出恩多爾拜山南平地，西南流，會席伯爾河。西南：金河蒙名西喇烏素，源出磨虎喇虎地，南流會哈柳圖河，東南流，合細河、金河二水，入榆林邊，至波羅營，會西來之額圖渾，為無定河。細河，蒙名納林河，源出托里泉，南流亦會哈柳圖河。石窯川河，蒙名額圖渾，源出賀佟圖山北平地，東南流，合數小水，入懷遠邊，為恍忽都河，又折而東北，至波羅營，會海克圖河，為無定河。東：忒默圖插漢池，一名大鹽濼。西南：烏楞池，一名紅鹽池。南：長鹽池，蒙名達布蘇圖。鄂爾多斯右翼後旗套內西北。札薩克駐鄂爾吉虎諾爾河，在巴爾哈孫泊西一百七十里。隋、唐，豐州、九原郡治地。牧地當山西五原廳西、甘肅寧夏東北。右倚黃河，東界左翼後旗，南界左翼中旗，西界右翼中旗。北界烏喇特。廣一百八十里，袤一百六十里。北極高四十度四十分。京師偏西八度。西：馬陰山蒙名阿克塔賀邵。東南：吳烈鄂博拖羅海岡。西南：達爾巴漢岡。西：赤沙河，蒙名烏藍，源出赤沙泉，東北流，入鍋底池。西南：黃水河，蒙名西喇木倫，源出馬陰山北平地，東北流，入古爾板泊。鍋底池，周二十餘里，產鹽。兔河、赤沙河二水注其中，土名喀喇莽奈。鄂爾多斯右翼前末旗順治六年授二等台吉。康熙十四年晉一等。乾隆元年，以族繁增旗一，授札薩克，世襲，掌右翼前末旗，附右翼前旗游牧。札薩克駐所，距綏遠城七百二十里。內蒙古驛凡五道：曰喜峰口，古北口，獨石口，張家口，殺虎口。自喜峰口至札賚特為一路，計千六百餘里，設十六驛。自古北口至烏珠穆沁為一路，計九百餘里，設九驛。自獨石口至浩齊特為一路，計六百餘里，設六驛。自張家口至四子部落為一路，計五百餘里，設五驛。自殺虎口至烏喇特為一路，計九百餘里，設九驛。自歸化城至鄂爾多斯計八百餘里，設八驛，仍為殺虎口一路。各驛站均設水泉佳勝處。以上自為一盟於伊克昭，與上五盟同列內札薩克。

Ordos originally comprised six banners; when a seventh was added, the league comprised seven banners within the Hetao, 285 li west of Suiyuan. It lay 1,100 li southeast of the capital. Under the Qin it was Xin Qinzhong. Under the Han it formed Shuofang Commandery. Under the Jin it passed among the Former and Later Zhao, Former and Later Qin, and Helian Xia. Under the Northern Wei it formed the northern frontier of Xiazhou. The Sui placed Shengzhou in the east and Fengzhou in the west, later redesignating them as the commanderies of Yulin and Wuyuan. Under the Tang prefectures were established, then converted again to commanderies. Under the Five Dynasties, Song, and Jin it belonged to Western Xia. Under the Yuan the circuits of Western Xia and Zhongxing were established. When these were later abolished, the eastern lands fell under Dongsheng and Yunnei prefectures and the circuits of Yan'an and Ningxia. In early Ming times Dongsheng and related prefectures were established, with garrison farms for cultivation and pasture. During the Jiajing reign the Taoxi Jina tribe broke in and settled here—hence the name Ordos. In the ninth year of Tiancong, Erenchen submitted and was granted the title of jinong. In the sixth year of Shunzhi, differential enfeoffments were made as princes of varying rank; all seven banners were granted zasak and formed a separate league at Ike Zhao. To the east it bordered Guihua Tumed; to the west, Khalkha; to the south, the Shaanxi Great Wall; and to the north, Urad. The Yellow River bounds it on the east, west, and north, stretching more than 2,000 li from Piantou Pass in Shanxi to Ningxia Street in Shaanxi. Its tribute route passed through Shahu Pass. This route was abolished in the first year of the Qianlong reign. Ordos Left Wing Middle Banner lay near the center of the east. The zasak was stationed at Aoxixi Peak, 160 li west of Zhalagu, on what had been Sui and Tang Shengzhou. Its pastures included Namaidai Lake, where the Kashila River leaves the banner boundary and flows northeast to pool. It extended east to Gune'erji Temple, bordering the Left Wing Front Banner; south to the Shenmu county frontier; west to Chahan Erji, bordering the Right Wing Front Banner; and north to Kalai Spring, bordering the Right Wing Rear Banner. It measured 115 li from east to west and 320 li from north to south. Its latitude was 39°30′ north. It lay 7° west of the capital. Its waters: to the east, the Zi River (known in Mongolian as Wulan Muren) rises on the open ground west of Taishi Slope and flows southwest into the Shaanxi borderlands. To the east, the Gune'erji River rises on the open ground south of Gune'erji Slope, flows southwest, and joins the Hachu'er River. The Hachu'er River rises on the open ground west of Kachu'er Slope, flows southwest, joins the Zi River, enters Shenmu, and becomes the Quye River. Ordos Left Wing Front Banner lay in the southeast within the Hetao. The ancient Yulin frontier defense. The zasak was stationed at Zhalagu, 145 li west of Hutan Heshuo. Under the Ming it was Yulin Left Guard territory. Its pastures lay west of Pianguan. It leaned on the Yellow River to the left; to the east it bordered Hutan Heshuo; to the south, Qingshui River; to the west, the Left Wing Middle Banner; and to the north, the Left Wing Rear Banner. It measured 245 li from east to west and 210 li from north to south. Its latitude was 39°40′ north. It lay 5°40′ west of the capital. To the southeast: Heyue'er Khara Tuoluo Sea Mountain, also known as Jia Mountain and Black Mountain (known in Mongolian as Khara Hosho). To the north lay Bahande Stone Peak. To the northwest lay Deshi Peak. To the northeast: the Kundui River rises on open ground and flows southeast into the Yellow River. To the southeast: the Little Kundui River likewise flows southeast into the Yellow River. To the east: the Bulin River rises at Chamu; the Ta'erqi'er River rises at Gakechamaodun; the Hadai River rises on the open ground south of He'erbojin Slope—all flow southeast into the Yellow River. The Qin River (known in Mongolian as Ikexilao'erjitai) rises on the open ground east of Du'erbotai Slope, flows south into the frontier, and becomes the Qingshui River of Fugu County in Shaanxi. The Little Qin River rises on the open ground south of Delesutai Slope; the Ke'chou River rises on the open ground east of Gakechamaodun; the Nanxi River rises at Ke'erkou—all flow east into the Qin River. To the southwest: the Zhang River (known in Mongolian as Xi'erha) rises at Changle Fort, joins the Hulu Sea, and flows south into Hongshi Gorge. Ordos Left Wing Rear Banner lay in the northeast within the Hetao. The zasak was stationed at Barhaxun Lake, 140 li west of the Yellow River's Maodai Ford. Under the Sui and Tang it was the seat of Shengzhou and Yulin Commandery. Its pastures lay south of Wuyuan Subprefecture in Shanxi and west of Salaqi Subprefecture. To the east it bordered Salaqi; to the south, the Left Wing Front Banner; to the west, the Left Wing Middle Banner; and to the north, Urad. It measured 280 li from east to west and 150 li from north to south. Its latitude was 40°40′ north. It lay 8° west of the capital. To the southeast lay Tuinuoke Tuoluo Sea Mountain; in Shanxi it is known as Baitu Tuoluo Sea Mountain. To the south lay Ike Wenggong Ridge and Bahan Wenggong Ridge. To the southeast lay Chahan Tuoluo Sea Ridge. To the northwest: the Chegen Muren River rises in Sa'erqila territory and flows east into the Yellow River. The Wurbaqi River rises on open ground; the Hei River (known in Mongolian as Iketurgen) rises in Huhumaodun territory; To the west: the Tumao River (known in Mongolian as Taolai Kundui) rises at Aochaidamu; the Liu River (known in Mongolian as Bu'erhasutai) rises on Chahan Tuoluo Sea Ridge; the Kalai River rises at Zhu'erhan Huduke; the Xidulahu River rises at Wulie Spring; the Dongkantai River rises at Bumuba Spring—all flow north into the Yellow River. Ordos Right Wing Middle Banner lay due west, near the south. The zasak was stationed at Xilaboliduo Lake, 260 li southwest of E'erjihu Lake. Under the Han it formed the southern borderland of Shuofang Commandery. Its pastures lay northeast of Ningxia at Tengger Lake. To the northeast it bordered the Right Wing Rear Banner throughout; to the south, the Right Wing Front Banner; and to the west, the Left Wing Rear Banner of Sain Noyan. It measured 320 li from east to west and 480 li from north to south. Its latitude was 39°40′ north. It lay 9° west of the capital. To the south lay Suhai Alu Mountain and Hetongtu Mountain. To the west lay Se'erteng Mountain. To the northwest lay Yellow Grass Mountain (known in Mongolian as Kule'erqi), Elan Khara Tuoluo Sea Mountain, and Se'erbeng Khara Mountain. To the southwest: the Kuge'erhei River rises at Kuge'erhei Spring, flows south into the frontier, then bends west beyond the border and enters the Yellow River. To the northwest: the Iketuosu River rises in Buhai Zhala'ke territory, flows west, and joins the Yellow River. To the west: the Bahantuosu River rises at Bahui Spring, flows northwest, joins the Yiketuosu River, and enters the Yellow River. Ordos Right Wing Front Banner lay in the southwest within the Hetao. The zasak resided at Bahannuo'er, ninety li west of Ao Xi Xi Peak. Under the Sui and Tang it formed the territory of Xia and Sheng prefectures. Its pasturelands lay at the Great Salt Marsh northwest of Huaiyuan in Shaanxi. It bordered the Left Wing Middle Banner to the east, Huaiyuan to the south, the Right Wing Middle Banner to the west, and the Right Wing Rear Banner to the north. It measured 180 li from east to west and 270 li from north to south. Its latitude was 38°20′ north. It lay 9° west of the capital. Its mountains: to the south lay Enduo'erbai Mountain and Yanling Mountain, also known as Brocade Screen Mountain. To the southeast lay Zongcai Mountain, known in Mongolian as Modotu. To the southwest lay Bayan Mountain. To the southeast: the Shangshao'er River rises at Gunbulidu and flows south into the border defenses. To the south: the Xibo'er River rises at Mangkatughurghu, flows south to join the Xikechou River and cross the border, becoming the Yuxi of Yulin. The Arsai River rises on the open ground south of Enduo'erbai Mountain, flows southwest, and joins the Xibo'er River. To the southwest: the Jin River, known in Mongolian as Xila Usu, rises at Mohulahu, flows south to join the Haliutu River, then turns southeast; the Xi and Jin rivers unite, cross the Yulin border, reach Boluo Camp, join the Etu Hun flowing in from the west, and become the Wuding River. The Xi River, known in Mongolian as the Nalin River, rises at Tuoli Spring, flows south, and likewise joins the Haliutu River. The Shiyaochuan River, known in Mongolian as the Etu Hun, rises on the open ground north of Hetongtu Mountain, flows southeast gathering several lesser streams, enters the Huaiyuan border as the Huanghudou River, then turns northeast to Boluo Camp, joins the Haiketu River, and becomes the Wuding River. To the east lay Temetu Chaghan Lake, also called the Great Salt Marsh. To the southwest lay Wuleng Lake, also known as the Red Salt Lake. To the south lay Long Salt Lake, known in Mongolian as Dabusutu. Ordos Right Wing Rear Banner, in the northwestern interior of the bend. The zasak was stationed on the Erjihunuo'er River, 170 li west of Barhasun Lake. Under the Sui and Tang it was the administrative seat of Feng Prefecture and Jiuyuan Commandery. Its pasturelands lay west of Wuyuan Subprefecture in Shanxi and northeast of Ningxia in Gansu. It rested on the Yellow River to the west; it bordered the Left Wing Rear Banner to the east, the Left Wing Middle Banner to the south, and the Right Wing Middle Banner to the west. To the north it bordered Urad territory. It measured 180 li from east to west and 160 li from north to south. Its latitude was 40°40′ north. It lay 8° west of the capital. To the west lay Mayin Mountain, known in Mongolian as Akta Hashao. To the southeast lay Wulie Ebo Tuoluohai Ridge. To the southwest lay Darbahan Ridge. To the west: the Chisha River, known in Mongolian as Ulan, rises at Chisha Spring, flows northeast, and empties into Guodi Lake. To the southwest: the Huangshui River, known in Mongolian as Xila Muren, rises on the open ground north of Mayin Mountain, flows northeast, and empties into Gu'erban Lake. Guodi Lake has a circumference of over twenty li and yields salt. The Tu River and Chisha River both drain into it; locally it is known as Kala Mangnai. In Shunzhi 6 the Ordos Right Wing Front Subordinate Banner was granted a taiji of the second rank. In Kangxi 14 it was promoted to the first rank. In Qianlong 1, because the clan had grown numerous, an additional banner was created; a zasak was appointed with hereditary succession to govern the Right Wing Front Subordinate Banner, which pastured alongside the Right Wing Front Banner. The zasak's residence lay 720 li from Suiyuan city. Inner Mongolia had five post-road routes: Xifengkou, Gubeikou, Dushikou, Zhangjiakou, and Shahu Pass. One route ran from Xifengkou to Jasagt, a distance of over 1,600 li, with sixteen relay stations. One route ran from Gubeikou to Ujimchin, a distance of over 900 li, with nine relay stations. One route ran from Dushikou to Khuuchid, a distance of over 600 li, with six relay stations. One route ran from Zhangjiakou to the Four Sons tribe, a distance of over 500 li, with five relay stations. One route ran from Shahu Pass to Urad territory, a distance of over 900 li, with nine relay stations. From Guihua city to Ordos was a distance of over 800 li with eight relay stations, still counted as part of the Shahu Pass route. Each relay station was sited where the springs were especially good. The above constituted a separate league at Ike Juu, ranked alongside the five leagues described earlier among the Inner Zasak.

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