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卷99 志七十四 乐六 乐章四 筵宴舞曲大宴笳吹乐番部合奏

Volume 99 Treatises 74: Music 6, Yue Zhangsi, Yan Yan Wu Qu Da Yan Jia Chui Le Fan Bu He Zou

Chapter 99 of 清史稿 · Draft History of Qing
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1
Treatise 74
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Music 6
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Chapter 4 of Musical Airs: banquet dance pieces, great-banquet reed-pipe music, and frontier tribal ensemble.
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On New Year's Day, the Winter Solstice, and the Longevity celebrations—the three great festivals—the Qinglong dance is accompanied by music in nine chapters.
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綿綿 駿 西 耀 駿 調 西
Resplendent is great Qing, granted Heaven's mandate. May its radiance prolong imperial fortune for ages without end. Heaven blesses this appointed festival; good omens bloom on the palace steps. Tribute flows from every land; long may the Sovereign live a thousand years. From our earliest ancestors, the house was founded at Edo. On Changbai Mountain, a magpie carried a red fruit in its bill. As vines bear melon after melon, our line has grown ever more auspicious. Ancestor after ancestor arose in succession, heaping blessing upon renewed glory. They broadened the ancient realm until it reached the eastern sea. Holy ruler follows holy ruler; their succession shall endure forever. Chapter One: His sacred achievement blazes forth; he rose like a dragon taking flight. In his thirteenth year under arms, he first struck out on the path of conquest. To right grievances and pacify the realm, he first took Tümen. Where his army pointed, mighty neighbors trembled in fear. The Nine Clans raided in secret; they were wiped clean as if swept away. The five Mongol tribes came to acknowledge the imperial title. Our victorious forces on four fronts annihilated the enemy within five days. He established the capital in Liaodong and Shenyang; the royal city towers secure. Auspicious clouds of five hues appeared; the river froze overnight. Heaven aided the worthy; he rose to power as destiny ordained. Chapter Two: Heaven endowed him with wisdom; he sheltered the empire beneath his care. Far lands bowed and near ones came home; he spread civilizing virtue far and wide. From every direction they rallied to his side, massing like clouds and following in his train. He founded the Bureau of Longevity and brought every branch of government under order. He devised the national script, taking its forms from the traditions of Jie and the Yellow Emperor. Its sounds harmonize with the primal notes and shall never alter through the ages. He established the army's regulations; banners and standards flutter in splendor. Whether plain or bordered, they forever settled peace in every quarter. He laid vast plans and brought a great undertaking to completion. Blessings granted without limit; good fortune resounds through a thousand generations. Chapter Three: He nurtured a wise successor and carried forward his ancestors' designs. He displayed supreme virtue and welcomed Heaven's abundant grace. He soothed the disloyal and won over the hesitant; Korea submitted in good faith. For ages they have served as the eastern vassal; keep your tribute regalia in due order. Thirty-five districts bent their foreheads to the ground in homage. Westward to Buddhist realms, guests arrived through layers of interpreters. He campaigned against Ming and washed it away; his armies blazed across Qi and Lu. Like lightning he swept the borderlands, yet though he could take them, he did not keep them. He overran the lands of Song and Xing, again and again annihilating hostile forces. A hundred campaigns, a hundred triumphs—thus he won his greatest honors. Chapter Four: His virtue ranges wide; he openly received the great imperial title. He founded the nation and proclaimed the reign era; great Qing was fixed forever. He knit the nine clans in harmony and set every human relation in its proper place. He prized virtue and cherished the worthy as his own limbs and inmost strength. He opened the three academies, taking antiquity as his mirror and honoring the Confucian way. Sacrifices at the suburban altars and in the ancestral temple adorned the royal enterprise. Ranks and titles were apportioned; the six ministries carried on the administration. Every office was well ordered; all the realms took their standard from him. His majesty subdued the heartland; his virtue matched the heavens above. He reverently upheld the mandate without fail—grand deeds and towering merit. Chapter Five: Heaven granted the sacred regalia; he united all the world within the seas. He destroyed the great rebels until heaven and earth were cleansed. The moment he took up arms, blessing fell like gentle, timely rain. He proclaimed the completion of his martial task and became sovereign of gods and men. He personally governed great affairs, tightening discipline and setting the realm in order. He established ritual and composed music, proclaiming the enduring standards of the state. He welcomed counsel and entrusted the worthy, heedful in small things and far-sighted in great ones. He codified the laws and tempered punishments, leaving statutes for all time. Industrious and frugal, he founded the dynasty in loyalty and steadfast virtue. The mandate was made new; he held himself to unremitting care. Chapter Six: The sacred sovereign set the highest standard; his Way surpassed every king of old. For sixty-one years his reign and blessing endured. Heaven endowed him with brilliance; while still young he took the throne. Filial toward both palaces, his virtue towers through the ages. Three rebellions stirred; in a single campaign he swept them away. The seas were pacified forever; the waves fell still and the leviathan was quieted. He led the six armies in person and thrice campaigned beyond the desert. His majesty inspired awe and his grace won hearts; he uprooted the stubborn and raised up the weak. His feats matched those of Yu; his tours followed the model of Shun. Across the breadth of heaven and earth, all honored and drew near to him. Chapter Seven: As Heaven's course is strong and unceasing, the sacred sovereign took it as his model. He mastered the classics and toiled in governance, both sovereign and teacher to his people. He made 'no slackening' his watchword, rising before dawn and eating after dusk. He alone bore the realm's burdens and brought peace to every land. Culture was the warp and arms the woof; earth was leveled and Heaven's work fulfilled. He stood at the center in perfect harmony; his virtue rang clear as jade and bronze. For endless ages may we behold his glory and proclaim his blazing renown. Revering Heaven and toiling for the people, he embodied the cosmic origin and ruled as sage. Heaven's judgment shines clear; may every king who follows walk in reverent care. Model yourselves on the imperial ancestors; may the throne prosper forever. Chapter Eight: The imperial design shines forth; all within the six directions lives in harmony. Stars shine and clouds gleam; wind and rain arrive in their proper seasons. He gathered every blessing; the four seasons ran in perfect harmony. Imperial grace suffused the realm; the Way's light shone upon the throne's destiny. It spread east and covered west; the north was soothed and the south brought into accord. By land and sea, tribute and gifts all reached the imperial stair. As the sun rises and the moon endures, all the world bows and shares in blessing. The people beat the earth in joy and sing in the streets; they hail long life with resounding praise. The grand rites proceed in stately order; praise resounds on every side. Carrying on our ancestors' blessing, may rising peace be celebrated forever. Nine chapters.
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In Jiaqing 1, at the banquet for the Retired Emperor, the Qinglong dance was performed to music in nine chapters.
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調 𡎴 輿
Great is the Retired Emperor; radiant fortune descends from Heaven. His reign completed a full sixty-year cycle; blessings return in unending round. In the bingchen year the new reign began; he personally received the sacred mandate. Heaven's grace guided him in silence; he reverently carried on his ancestors' martial legacy. From the outset he matched the founding mandate and never surpassed the measure of his forebears. He raised up a worthy heir and passed on the ancestral rites in full. On the first morning of spring he solemnly inaugurated a new era of glory. In the great hall the mandate was handed on; blessings flowed without limit. Holding fast to singleness and the mean, he reverently preserved the teaching passed heart to heart. He stands beside Yu and Shun; age after age he rose toward benevolent long life. Chapter One: The sacred sovereign holds Heaven's mandate and reverently performs every rite. Solemn stands the great altar; faithfully he honors the rites of old. At the southern altar he took his station; for every rite he was present in person. He prayed at the new-grain offering and divined the harvest; at the rain sacrifice he read the dragon signs. He ascended and descended before the spirits; pure offerings rose in fragrant blessing. The four seasons ran in harmony; the hundred spirits delighted in his offerings. Rain and shine, cold and heat, winds and seasons all came in their proper time. He reverently pondered the eight virtues; the nine domains flourished in radiant peace. His years mounted to the highest age, and he grew only more devout, never slackening. He richly received Heaven's blessings; responses gathered and multiplied on every side. Chapter Two: His designs and glorious deeds shine on; the foundation of blessing is beyond measure. He faced Heaven in reverence; rising incense clearly reached on high. He yearned for the ancestors as if seeing them on the wall; he honored their enduring teaching as his model. Each dawn he rose in wary care and studied the precious records of the realm. Four times he came to the eastern capital and paid homage at the imperial tombs. He recalled the hardships of founding the realm and kept the founding age ever in mind. His might was proclaimed in arms; his transforming rule made all the realm orderly. He reverently followed the ancient statutes and vowed never to forget them. Line upon line, generation after generation—bright is the heir who carries on the throne. For ten thousand years may this blessing be bestowed. Chapter Three: The sage directed the state and took every matter of governance in hand. His sincerity was deep and enduring; day after day he toiled without rest. Reverence was the sign of long life; vigor was the strength of Heaven within him. He saw clearly to every corner of the realm and labored through every hour of the day. With vermilion brush he marked memorials; on the crimson steps he received his ministers. He urged farming and plowed the sacred field; he toured the realm to spread righteous rule. He surveyed dikes and embankments from the rivers to the sea. He drilled in arms and trained in diligence; to the frontier domains he granted grace and peace. His singleness of purpose never ceased; thus he won long life. He preserved peace through steadfast constancy; no record of old can match him. Chapter Four: The people answered like grass in the wind; the sovereign's grace was like spring. The great cosmic balance worked in silence; all within heaven and earth shared his benevolence. Five times he remitted the poll tax and grain dues; thrice he waived the granary levies. He canceled debts and eased taxes until his grace reached the people's very bones. He inquired into planting and harvest and spread care to every corner of the realm. When distant regions sent appeals, he answered with lavish relief. He brought hidden popular grievances to light and chose the finest plans of his officials. He reversed unjust sentences in the prisons; the people relied on his comforting care. Like heaven and earth he sheltered all; like sun and moon he shone upon the realm. The people could scarcely name his bounty; truly they enjoyed Heaven's favor. Chapter Five: His sacred designs ranged wide; civilizing virtue spread throughout the land. His Way rose bright as the golden mirror; symbols of rule shone at the jade throne. He rectified ritual and compiled canonical texts; he ordered the Odes and regulated the Music Bureau. The Four Treasuries were catalogued; the seven library halls majestically housed the classics. At the lecture hall he composed learned works; historical mirrors were issued and discussed. Scholars gathered at the imperial academy; classics were engraved on stone for all to study. Three thousand works of prose were assembled; fifty thousand poems were compiled. His writings tower like the Milky Way; they shine like sun and stars. He cultivated the people and spread learning; lists of imperial favor followed one after another. Fine timber flourished everywhere—talented men rose in splendid array. Chapter Six: His imperial designs shone resplendent; he carried on the legacy of martial glory. Distant lands accepted the imperial calendar; far tribes followed his sway. In the northwestern tribes and the Muslim borderlands, his armies struck again and again. Twenty thousand leagues were mapped; the imperial hunting domains were thereby opened. Jinchuan was pacified again; the Gong and Bo regions were brought to submission. His tower ships struck terror; the coastal regions were pacified and stilled. Burma, Meng, and the frontier passes; Annam and the southern realms bowed in submission. Tibet was secured and the lamas kept in peace; frontier tribes turned toward the imperial court. Ten times he proclaimed his great victories; his speed matched Yu and Tang of old. The recalcitrant Miao submitted in turn; he inherited the imperial purple glory. Chapter Seven: He embodied the nine blessings of the Great Plan; the Son of Heaven received them in due time. Ages of good fortune opened before him; generation after generation, blessing gathered. The imperial seal bore the words 'Ten Perfect Victories'; the hall plaque read 'Fourfold Attainment.' The sixty-year cycle turned full round; the eternal principle unfolded through change. He opened the feast of ten thousand years of life; again and again he held banquets for the elderly. The imperial treasury of books was opened and explained; celestial signs were clearly proclaimed. Virtue is the foundation; blessing is what he amassed. His edicts shone with literary splendor; the dynastic design overflowed with celebration. Blessings multiplied like the nine 'like' verses; peace reigned in every quarter. His glory shone on from reign to reign; may it brighten our imperial rites. Chapter Eight: The Retired Emperor established his virtue; he equaled the Five Emperors and rose to the Three Sovereigns. He accepted the exalted title yet yielded in humility; his deep grace reached everywhere alike. All living things flourished; even the islands beyond the seas felt his harmonious rule. The Son of Heaven attended his pleasure; younger princes came bearing their credentials. The fountain of blessing grew ever wider; celebratory fortune extended far and wide. The jade register marked the age; the stars shone bright in their courses. Pure blessing gathered in radiance; vigor and health met with every good fortune. His glory opened a new imperial age; may the throne be secured forever. The age turned its full cycle; the correct calendar ran on through tireless care. May his years match the sages of old; long may we sing his praise as of Tai and Lai. Nine chapters.
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In Qianlong 26, for the Empress Dowager's seventieth Longevity celebration, the Qinglong dance was performed to music in twenty chapters.
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綿 輿 綿 綿綿 祿 宿
The Empress Dowager's long life grows ever fuller; the Emperor receives it in deepest filial devotion. Blessing vast as mountains and seas; shouts of joy rise across the realm. Chapter One: In the xinsi year the celebration is held; her longevity reaches seventy, grand and glorious. Joyful in this age of peace, dancers celebrate throughout the world. Chapter Two: The Empress Dowager's compassion is vast and deep; within the palace all is kept in harmony. Her grace flows through a hundred generations; long may this springtime joy endure. Chapter Three: In this flourishing age blessings gather; the days of prayer for good harvest grow longer. Officials and people reverently offer their praise; celebration and grace spread to every quarter. Chapter Four: On the sacred festival a grand banquet opens; stately dances are presented one after another. Here is blessed longevity and peace; gods and men rejoice together. Chapter Five: At golden dawn the palace gates open; ranks of ceremonial guards are drawn up in order. Officials great and small take their places at court; the assembly celebrates without end. Chapter Six: The Emperor's benevolence and filial piety are complete; the Holy Mother's fortune and long life endure together. Searching the records of antiquity, seldom has such glory been seen. Chapter Seven: Bright and joyous is this golden age; the vital breath of heaven fills the air. The Empress Dowager's sacred life knows no limit; the Emperor's filial devotion never ceases. Chapter Eight: Like the rising sun, like the enduring moon. Her gracious long life stretches on, as Mount Nan is our sign. Chapter Nine: The Emperor's sacred rule reaches its height; every creature shares richly in his grace. Thus the Holy Mother is gladdened; rightly should her fortune and long life be exalted. Chapter Ten: Great filial piety shines forth; blessings endure long. All under heaven rejoice; the age is joyful and secure. Chapter Eleven: In this sacred age culture flourishes; all things flourish in glad abundance. Many blessings are truly received; clarity and peace endure forever. Chapter Twelve: Distant lands offer loyalty, declaring themselves subjects and bearing tribute. Tributary states number in the thousands; they gather like clouds with joyful hearts. Chapter Thirteen: Distant lands are all at peace; his virtue and might have spread far abroad. Long rule and lasting peace; compassionate care brings ever greater joy. Chapter Fourteen: The Muslim tribes come together to celebrate; his civilizing influence grows ever deeper; bearing boundless grace, they bring joy to the imperial court. Chapter Fifteen: They ascend the golden steps; the feast of celebration is spread. They perform the stately dance; supreme virtue reaches to the ends of the earth. Chapter Sixteen: Bells and drums stand ready; harmonious music brings joyous delight. The palace receives new maps of the realm; the imperial assembly grows ever greater. Chapter Seventeen: Rain and shine arrive in season; year after year the harvest is abundant. The realm is secure and prosperous; in leisure and joy all share the same blessing. Chapter Eighteen: Saturated and steeped in his deep grace. The nine provinces and every land bear his bounty more than ever before. Chapter Nineteen: The Holy Mother enjoys great health and ease; in celebration she bestows grace on every soul. May she gather every blessing; may it never end through ten thousand ages. Chapter Twenty.
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In Qianlong 36, for the Empress Dowager's eightieth Longevity celebration, the Qinglong dance was performed to music in eighteen chapters.
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祿 輿 殿
Long live the Holy Mother—long in years and sound in health. The Emperor has passed sixty; his rule of filial piety shines ever brighter. The realm is steeped in transforming breath; supreme harmony fills the air. Every blessing has come; pure good fortune is your constant portion. Chapter One: A new year begins; eight decades of Longevity are celebrated this day. Bright fortune endures from this day; days of celebration lengthen as the moon climbs. Chapter Two: The Emperor performs the stately dance; the Holy Mother feasts in delight. Harmonious breath fills the realm; fortune and blessing gather here. Chapter Three: The palace is newly adorned in red; auspicious clouds gather and blend. Auspicious signs gather, like pine and cypress ever flourishing. Chapter Four: Bearing the palanquin they set forth in season, journeying east to Mount Tai. They climb the sacred peak to perform the rites; the hundred spirits guard and follow. Chapter Five: A sacred monastery was founded at Putuo; prayers were offered to extend her gracious blessing. Chiefs of every tribe and domain came to bow and behold the imperial majesty. Chapter Six: All under heaven rejoice together; tribute flows from every land. The jade book proclaims her honored title; resplendent is the Hall of the Empress Dowager. Chapter Seven: The feast and music are ready; grandsons and great-grandsons perform the dance. Composed verses match the rhythm; blessings are pronounced again and again. Chapter Eight: Long life high as the southern mountain; fortune wide as the eastern sea. This age surpasses all prosperity; through all history there has been no equal. Chapter Nine: Generation after generation rejoices in sweetness; gathered in order, fortune's path is secure. They present the ruyi scepter shoulder to shoulder, together praying for her sacred long life. Chapter Ten: The golden gate opens to resounding song; ceremonial guards stand in splendid array. All officials rejoice in congratulation; all honor and draw near. Chapter Eleven: On this day of peace in every quarter, the people come in bustling throngs. All declare: How glorious is this age! Celebration is proclaimed for ten thousand years. Chapter Twelve: His deep grace overflows; within and beyond the court, blessing reigns. Officials and people bear his virtue; with time their devotion grows ever deeper. Chapter Thirteen: His great transforming influence advances; bright and glorious it shines. The common people are steeped in his civilizing grace. Chapter Fourteen: Her compassionate teaching is the model throughout the realm; it is the Holy Mother's legacy. Rich blessing saturates all without exception; may it never cease through the ages. Chapter Fifteen: Year after year the harvest is abundant; favorable winds and timely rains bring good omens. Heaven bestows its aid; in accord with the imperial heart, peace descends. Chapter Sixteen: Distant tribes show sincere devotion within; the Torghut Mongols returned to our domain. Leading tens of thousands of households, they hailed long life and bowed low, coming like clouds. Chapter Seventeen: Her gracious face is joyful and at ease; her virtue and grace fill the entire world. Pure blessing forever celebrates her dwelling; for endless ages all share in joy. Chapter Eighteen.
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In Daoguang 25, for the Empress Dowager's seventieth Longevity celebration, the Qinglong dance was performed to music in nine chapters.
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The sun rises and the moon endures; Heaven's course never ceases. The Holy Mother's long life is boundless as Heaven. Chapter One: Deep as a still pool, firm as a mountain; Earth's way is constant. The Holy Mother's long life matches Earth's boundless reach. Chapter Two: The day is auspicious, the month is fortunate. Jade cups are set forth, golden music is performed. The pitch pipes stir with spring's breath; the festival of seven decades is celebrated. Chapter Three: The Emperor presents the cup, assisting in dragon robes. With his left he touches Shun's zither; with his right he pours Yao's wine. Together with all the realm, he wishes long life for the Holy Mother. Chapter Four: The Holy Mother feasts in joy, pleased, at ease, and in health. He consults the celebratory precedents and reviews the established statutes. Grace is spread far and favor opened wide; blessing is bestowed on every land. Chapter Five: Every land celebrates; the four seas share one spring. From our finest scholars down to the common people. Looking up to her glorious example, all follow virtue and sing of benevolence. Chapter Six: Gentle winds blow, sweet rains fall; fine grain bears six ears to the stalk. Auspicious wheat with double ears. The fountain of blessing is the Holy Mother's gift. Chapter Seven: The people offer incense and flowers; along every street, song and dance. Reverently they pray that the Holy Mother receive abundant blessing. Joy fills every corner; shouts of celebration rise across the realm. Chapter Eight: The Emperor's sacred virtue comes from the Holy Mother alone. The dragon pool glows with spring; phoenix wine gathers auspicious blessing. May compassionate blessing endure; may her years extend beyond count. Nine chapters.
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In Tongzhi 13, for the Empress Dowager's fortieth Longevity celebration, the Xingqi dance was performed to music in twenty chapters.
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𨌈𨌈 綿 輿 祿 祿
The Empress Dowager's long life knows no bound; filial devotion turns together toward the throne. Many blessings fulfill the three prayers; Heaven sends down a hundred auspicious signs. Chapter One: In the jiaxu year we reverently mark her fourth decade. All under heaven offer blessings; the realm bustles in orderly celebration. Chapter Two: Greatness endures, the sacred register unbroken; at the festival of Eternal Spring they offer the hymn of lasting renewal, and joy resounds to every corner of the realm. Chapter Three: Blessing spreads to every corner; great civilizing influence unfolds beneath the jade canopy of state. The people look up in devoted trust; her line of succession endures for a thousand years. Chapter Four: Eleven years of regency from behind the curtain, with close kin and worthy ministers at her side. They sing of lasting peace under her care; martial achievement flourishes and civil rule is proclaimed abroad. Chapter Five: The Emperor is raised under her nurturing hand; her instructive rule lights the path for his succession. He inherits her far-reaching counsel; vast blessing brings a wealth of bright fortune. Chapter Six: The people flourish; primordial transforming power permeates all. Cutbacks are halted and rent arrears are forgiven. Joy and benefit spread everywhere; the people revel as if drunk on finest wine. Bright harmony everywhere; joy upon joy, pleasure upon pleasure. Chapter Seven: Distant lands lie smooth as a whetstone; her civilizing influence reaches far and wide. A mighty foundation is laid; her compassionate heart truly brings ever greater joy. Chapter Eight: The Emperor excels in benevolence and filial piety; the Holy Mother shares every blessing with him. In this flourishing age the people live in joy; in this bright season all things glow with harmony. Chapter Nine: A thousand gates of the celestial palace open wide; her peaceful carriage, drawn as by phoenix, arrives. Her virtuous radiance shines everywhere in joy; gladness mounts the Spring Terrace. Chapter Ten: The air is lush and verdant; row on row colored banners stand in ordered ranks. Officials stand in egret and mandarin ranks beside her; at court the celebration knows no end. Chapter Eleven: A splendid banquet opens in the daylily chamber; cups for ten thousand years are offered again and again. On this blessed day she is long-lived and well; spirits and mortals rejoice together. Chapter Twelve: Our Emperor dances with colored streamers; the Holy Mother's heart is light. Supreme harmony pervades all; blessing and prosperity follow in its wake. Chapter Thirteen: The Five Excellences are performed; the nine kindreds are brought near. They sing the Ding of Unicorn; all are bathed in great grace. Root and branch feel her deep benevolence for a hundred generations; the imperial clan grows ever closer in kinship. Chapter Fourteen: Feudal princes and tribal chiefs all come as guests; from distant lands, through repeated translation, tribute is presented. How deep is the people's longing for her; all who live honor her as their own kin. Chapter Fifteen: They hurry together to the court; children dance for joy, praying for her long life. Caps and belts are bestowed along the frontier; small and great alike revere her majesty. Chapter Sixteen: The Emperor's rule is thorough and doubly prosperous; draped in his robe he governs with reverent ease. Thus he brings joy to his long-lived mother; blessing and ease are rightly hers. Chapter Seventeen: Great filial piety shines forth; blessing and health are hers. May it never cease; may pure blessing endure long. Chapter Eighteen: Five winds and ten rains portend good fortune; again and again the Canon of Great Plenty records a bountiful harvest. How flourishing this peaceful, prosperous age; divine merit blazes bright, adorning the jade register of state. Chapter Nineteen: Together they move through the realm that heaven and earth sustain; ascending the golden steps to wish her long life. Her compassionate face is joyful, serene, and pleased; may she endure as heaven and earth endure. Chapter Twenty.
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In Guangxu 10, for the Empress Dowager's fiftieth Longevity celebration, the Xingqi dance was performed to music in twenty chapters.
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祿 調 便
Supreme is the feminine pole; her endurance knows no bound. Ah, how fine her luminous virtue, rich with inner grace. Blessings pile at the gate as at Yao's court; auspiciousness spreads within her canopy as at Si's. When she is at ease, her long life is ever more secure. Chapter One: Stars shine at the southern arc; the sun moves through the northern tract. Reed pipes sound in the crimson chamber; lucky plants renew on the red steps. The Grand Astrologer reads the clouds; Ling Lun tunes the jade pitch pipes. Above and below are in harmony; they receive a hundred blessings from Heaven. Chapter Two: Heaven's heart renews at dawn; her sacred day is Eternal Spring. Every land joins in celebration; tribute rises to the sky. Lunar rites extend to the farthest reach; auspicious clouds gather at the central palace. Ritual and music flourish in her age; joy links Heaven and humanity. Chapter Three: What is the ritual? Jade tablets and resounding statutes. Phoenix banners wheel in splendor; phoenix incense drifts in wondrous fragrance. Golden banners gleam in assembly; jade guards and cloudlike standards spread wide. Solemn harmony fills the Hall of Lasting Joy; thriving age brings ever greater prosperity. Chapter Four: What is the music? The Shao, resounding, bright, and sublime. Heaven's song meets the pitch pipes; cloudlike dancers move in solemn ritual. Splendor unfolds without end; the eight winds wheel and return. Jade tokens and golden harmony mark the emblem of enduring music. Chapter Five: Fortune flourishes through virtue; celebration grows from accumulated goodness. Reverent and dignified she presides; near to health and never weary of care. Her instruction flows to every quarter; grace and splendor fill the inner palace. Every rite and record is complete; jade tablets are offered in full observance. Chapter Six: She helps elevate every branch of government and guides our Emperor. Bows and arrows are laid away; auspicious tributes arrive by land and sea. Felt-tent lands settle in order; island peoples come as guests to the throne. Kindness and harmony reach every land; reverent awe makes her glory shine the brighter. Chapter Seven: In vast transforming power she rises to match the great vault of Heaven. Spring nourishes and summer fosters; within and without she shelters all. The scented qin eases every care; fine jade is offered to pray for abundance. Harmony prevails for ten thousand years; a hundred households flourish and thrive. Chapter Eight: Outstanding talent rises like trees in Deng Forest; wondrous gifts are gathered from Kun's peaks. The worthy are sought far and wide; offices and duties are assigned to ministers and teachers. The Four Ministers are clear-sighted; the Three Residences are broadly consulted. Worthies are advanced as in the Gathering Ears; their praise rings like the Airs and Hymns. Chapter Nine: The sage ruler sits above; fragrant offerings bring peace and harmony. Compassionate clouds shade the distant reaches; beloved sunlight spreads in abundance. Benevolent beasts return to the marshes; spirit birds rest on the branches. Scholars rejoice at court; common folk sing in the fields. Chapter Ten: The Emperor exalts rule through filial piety; personally he upholds Heaven's law. With fixed tassels before the elevated curtain, jade chimes sound in the Hall of Compassion. His ritual demeanor is unceasing; his longing for her rises like steam toward Shun's example. A hundred rites are complete; the four seas receive them all. Chapter Eleven: The imperial kin are displayed in full splendor at this fine seasonal gathering. They mark the moon and watch the stars; pearls and beads are strung in order. The jade spring runs ever deeper; the jade leaves know her sheltering shade. She teaches frugality and displays reverence; in celebration she bestows favor. Chapter Twelve: Ministers throng the court in stately array. People gaze toward the crimson screen; Heaven looks down on the night of celebration. Rich words shine with ornament; sagely filial devotion is shown in jade. They shout homage to Mount Song, pray for splendor; sing praise as of Lu and Yao. Chapter Thirteen: Frontier chiefs too join the court ceremony. Libation treasures overflow the steps; tribute blessings crowd the courtyard. Guests arrive with jade and horses; gifts go forth of gold and rhinoceros horn. Having received the imperial blessing, all rejoice before the great ritual vessels. Chapter Fourteen: The Emperor's command is proclaimed again, cord upon cord of decree. He encourages farming and grants rent relief; he advances office and proclaims stipends. Joy fills the Spring Terrace; spacious ease fills the Summer House. Celebratory rewards rise like clouds; shouts of joy roll fast as thunder. Chapter Fifteen: Bright rites proclaim the season; her gracious face is joyful and at ease. Radiance turns upon the jade steps; jade cups sound with joyful music. Brilliant is her sacred filial devotion; abundant blessing and flourishing peace abound. The Hook and Tong constellations shine bright; extended blessings bloom fragrant. Chapter Sixteen: The imperial canopy endures today; her righteous teaching dates from antiquity. At Guirui she became consort to Shun; at Tushan she assisted Yu the Great. Her eminent virtue shines brilliantly; norm upon norm descends through the ages. With supreme blessing and good fortune, her distant line is fit to endure. Chapter Seventeen: The sexagenary cycle turns; the cyclical canopy revolves without end. The Changes' Great Expansion; Fu Xi's Former Heaven diagram. The Great Plan unfolds blessing; the primal element is tuned to harmony. Heaven blesses the sage; may she endure here for ten thousand years. Chapter Eighteen: Lofty stand the five sacred peaks; of them Mount Tai is supreme. Abundant are a hundred rivers; the sea receives them all. Heaven and earth are pure and solemn; every region flourishes in harmony. Deep grace floods like waves; her noble years tower like mountains. Chapter Nineteen: Spiritual gifts abound; the flourishing age is peaceful and lush. Imperial radiance gathers and shines; her maternal example is pure blessing. Far and near are one; great and small bow in homage. Long life and supreme blessing; may her line flourish ever after. Chapter Twenty.
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In Guangxu 20, for the Empress Dowager's sixtieth Longevity celebration, the Xingqi dance was performed to music in twenty chapters.
19
綿 耀
The Empress Dowager's fortune and longevity are unending alike; the Emperor's benevolence and filial piety are complete. Heaven blesses the Holy Mother and grants her a great span of years. Chapter One: In the yang of the sexagenary year, its yin lies in Dunzang. The day is auspicious; the month is blessed. Chapter Two: The royal assembly achieves great unity; the cycle of years turns fivefold. Ten thousand states for ten thousand years, to receive splendid blessing. Chapter Three: How admirable her maternal example; she sustains our sage ruler. Called benevolent and wise; truly civil and martial. Chapter Four: What is his martial prowess? Deep counsel within the imperial canopy. He pacifies the sacred land; his might awes foreign realms. Chapter Five: What is his civil achievement? He honors learning and treats the worthy with ritual. Literary brilliance shines like the Milky Way spanning heaven. Chapter Six: What is his wisdom? His light reaches ten thousand li. Court and country are one family; palace and government move as one. Chapter Seven: What is his benevolence? Like Tang, like Yao. He remits rents and opens the treasury to ease the people's labor. Chapter Eight: The people's labor rests; the multitude may live at ease. Though the realm is at ease, he does not cease; he seeks to end every affliction. Chapter Nine: From heaven's reach to every land beneath, all are steeped to the marrow. The sage Emperor's virtue; the Holy Mother's compassion. Chapter Ten: Flourishing and beautiful, they present auspicious blessing. Vast and glorious, pure blessing is hers without cease. Chapter Eleven: Seal upon seal like silken cords; all bow and prostrate in homage. Songs in fields and streets reach even children and the aged. Chapter Twelve: Through many tongues they arrive; tributary states number in the tens of thousands. All breathe harmony; they praise: How glorious is this age! Chapter Thirteen: Great is filial devotion, the sage Emperor's care. With all the realm he supports her; he forever secures this vast foundation. Chapter Fourteen: He dispenses celebration and bestows favor; deep grace overflows, ever flourishing and prosperous. Long life without end of harm. Chapter Fifteen: He inscribes fine registers and jade chapters; he spreads the jade banquet and presents jade cups. They gaze upon the golden steps, solemn and august; elegant music sounds, harmonious and grand. Chapter Sixteen: Zithers and lutes stand ready; bells and chime-stones ring from their stands. Drums beat with resonant sound; dancers move with soaring grace. Chapter Seventeen: Across the eight directions his benevolent care ranges far. We pray for the Holy Mother's long life; may it match Earth's boundless reach. Chapter Eighteen: Heaven wears its canopy; her renown fills every quarter; we pray for the Holy Mother's long life. May it be boundless as Heaven. Chapter Nineteen: Bearing Heaven's path, lifting Earth's blessing, may she reach a hundred years. For all creation, a thousand years; may fortune's path be peaceful. Chapter Twenty.
20
In Qianlong 45, for the Gaozong Emperor's seventieth Longevity celebration, the Qinglong dance was performed to music in nine chapters.
21
Ten thousand myriad years to the Emperor; blessing flows like the ocean's source. Vast primal breath, spring warmth; his favor overflows and fills heaven and earth. Chapter One: In the gengzi year we reverently mark seven decades. Great peace has its omens; grand celebration renews day by day. Chapter Two: The Panchen Lama paid homage from Tibet; from every quarter all come to worship with raised hopes. Auspicious mist gathers in abundant years; the Dharma wheel turns; Buddhist teaching spreads far. Chapter Three: At the Lizheng Gate, resounding song opens forth. Princes and ministers bow and dance, gazing upon the imperial procession. Banners veil the mist; fragrance shines brightly. Five-colored clouds shine bright; incense smoke ascends. Chapter Four: Long has he revered Heaven and served the people; pure virtue spreads through the four seas. The Emperor's life, ten thousand myriad years, firm as the southern mountain. Chapter Five: The many Mongol princes; the Oirat of Qinghai. He loves them as his own children; generation after generation devote their hearts to him. Chapter Six: The Torghut Mongols return in submission; military glory at Jinchuan shakes the realm. Heaven's great virtue gives life; they dance in celebration and come to audience. Chapter Seven: Vast longevity and many blessings; proclaimed joy knows no bound. Like pine and cypress in full leaf; ten thousand leaves ever verdant. Chapter Eight: Princes, grandsons, and great-grandsons raise cups and wish him long life. They pray grand celebration year on year; may he endure as long as heaven and earth. Nine chapters.
22
In Qianlong 55, for the Gaozong Emperor's eightieth Longevity celebration, the Qinglong dance was performed to music in eighteen chapters.
23
綿綿 祿
Ten thousand myriad years to the Emperor; blessing flows like the ocean's source. His nurturing virtue spreads far; harmony and ease reach every border. Chapter One: In the gengxu year we reverently mark eight decades. Spirits and men offer blessing; splendid fortune ever advances. Chapter Two: The palace gates open wide; lords hail long life. Auspicious light veils the mist; all sing and dance as one. Chapter Three: He reveres Heaven and serves the people; the year records great abundance. Long life knows no bound; his years endure as mountains. Chapter Four: Civil brilliance shines like sun and moon; martial glory reaches every land. Righteous rule nurtures with benevolence; far and near all come to court. Chapter Five: Feasting a thousand elders of venerable brow; bestowing bamboo cloth, they bow to his vast gift. Proclaiming joy they bow upon the vermilion steps; all wish him long life and abundant fortune. Chapter Six: Deep care for the imperial house; bestowing robes of rank. The five colors blaze bright; the nine clans draw near in kinship. Chapter Seven: Root and branch for a hundred generations feel his grace; joy fills every heart and kinship grows ever warmer. Chapter Eight: At the Imperial Academy he presents the offering; civil teaching flourishes anew. Talents rejoice in nurture; they are pillars of the state. Chapter Nine: He compiles the Four Repositories; eminent scholars rejoice and take heart. He favors the realm of arts, spanning past and present. Chapter Ten: He collates the canon and translates Buddhist scriptures; he spreads good karma and blesses all beings. Compassionate clouds spread far, light crystal-bright; gentle winds and sweet rains fill every border. Chapter Eleven: Frontier princes and tribal chiefs all come as guests; distant lands through many tongues present tribute. They draw near his light and admire his rule, honoring kinship alike; like children they yearn for him, court and country alike. Chapter Twelve: The king of Annam hastens to court; bowing low, he dances in joy and prays for endless years. Honored with cap and belt, he ranks among the scholar-officials; his teaching reaches far and the maritime lands are tranquil. Chapter Thirteen: Burma comes to court; favored, it receives the imperial edict. Seals are issued and investiture bestowed; forever pacifying the southern frontier. Chapter Fourteen: Frontier tribes are transformed; they devote their hearts to great peace. Grace soaks to the marrow; awe and reverence are all sincerity. Chapter Fifteen: Sage illumination shines on every side; blessing and peace extend without end. Auspicious omens arrive again and again; for endless ages. Chapter Sixteen: Forever receiving Heaven's protection; auspicious signs ever increase. They chant the ninefold blessings; the throne's fortune extends for ten thousand generations. Chapter Seventeen: Sons, grandsons, and great-grandsons perform the colorful dance; long life and health, they pray for pure blessing. Year after year fortune's path increases; heaven and earth combine in virtue, vast and wide alike. Chapter Eighteen: The Zhonghe dance music surpasses the Shao; all under heaven share one voice of joy. Celebrating long life, abundant fortune is received; receiving Heaven's aid, none fail to bear it. Chapter Eighteen.
24
In Jiaqing 14, for the Renzong Emperor's fiftieth Longevity celebration, the Qinglong dance was performed to music in nine chapters.
25
綿綿 祿
Ten thousand myriad years to the Emperor; longevity boundless as heaven. Upholding virtue with steadfast constancy, he receives vast blessing; precious omens abound and grace floods like waves. Chapter One: In the jisi year the sacred festival marks five decades. Chapter Two: The six directions flourish and prosper; spring sunshine beams brightly. Chapter Three: Our Emperor's merit and virtue cover the eight directions; sweeping away all evils, he ascends the throne of peace. Steadfastly he takes the sages as his model; forever he pacifies the people and lays down arms. Chapter Four: The people's livelihood is secured; primal transformation moistens all. He checks decline and shrinkage; he widens relief for the orphaned and destitute. They are filled with meals and gruel; they inherit robes and padded garments. They rejoice in brightness and ease; they rest in comfort and delight. Chapter Five: He is their ruler, he is their teacher. Great is his tolerance and protection; he spreads teaching and thought. None is thicker than his instruction of the imperial clans. None is more benevolent than his admonition to the Eight Banners. Chapter Six: Inheriting the throne with reverent diligence, frugal virtue comes first; with sincere and gracious heart, never turning back. The treasury is full, mindful of the people's hardship; harmony is gathered, his achievement dredging the rivers. Chapter Six: He values the people's farming and weaving; rain, sunshine, cold, and heat are timely. He compiles illustrations for presenting garments; he collates records of his ancestors. Great filial piety is complete; nurturing the people is the treasure. Chapter Eight: Dukes, ministers, and scholars; eminent talents and venerable elders. Clouds bestow, mountains respond; descending blessing repeatedly flourishes. Melon vines extend without end; above, the imperial heart is pleased. Chapter Nine: Receiving Heaven's aid, he governs every border; great mandate and splendid fortune now rise ever higher. Throughout the land proclaimed joy; through many tongues tribute is presented; for ten thousand years, fortune and blessing forever received. Nine chapters.
26
In Jiaqing 24, for the Renzong Emperor's sixtieth Longevity celebration, the Qinglong dance was performed to music in nine chapters.
27
西
The nine regions have auspicious fortune; myriad blessings flourish; in true winter nurturing warmth daily loads with yang. The Emperor receives Heaven's gift and bestows it on the people; sage longevity is abundant and long without bound. Chapter One: The ten stems and twelve branches mark the year's cycle returning to its start. The Emperor's longevity equals heaven; the cycle turns for ten thousand jiazi. Chapter Two: North to the uttermost fringe, south to the carved foreheads; farming extends straight past Kunlun to the west. The Yellow River is tranquil day by day flowing east; waves clear, the mirror sea reflects the morning sun. Chapter Three: Auspicious winds soar; auspicious clouds rise; the people roam the realm of longevity; the transforming sun is constant. The age is vast and grand; many reach venerable age; born in great peace, from high ancestors onward. Chapter Four: Thick is the people's livelihood; he examines their faults. He establishes fine grain; weeds and tares are uprooted. He honors correct teaching; shame and reform are achieved. He favors the masses; the Emperor's virtue is everywhere. Chapter Five: Inheriting the imperial line, receiving ancestral grace; royal enterprise was arduous, filial thought without limit. Cherishing Liaodong, long ago the imperial carriage; following the lessons, never weary. Chapter Six: The Emperor labors for the myriad people; saving them is his virtuous policy. Whether rain or sunshine, Heaven's heart responds in accord. Joyful is the spring terrace; abundant years repeatedly celebrate. Chapter Seven: Sun and moon now rise ever higher; rivers and peaks all effect submission. Blessings offered from every land are the same; ladders and ships gather precious tribute. Chapter Eight: In the jisi year grace was universally bestowed; now in this jimao year, the sixtieth sacred festival. Imperial favor overflows; the sea rejoices in peace; we pray to meet the decadal celebration, for all creation beyond count. Nine chapters.
28
In Qianlong 48, at the Qianqing Palace universal banquet for imperial clansmen, the Shide dance was performed to music in nine chapters.
29
祿 便
Heaven opened the sacred Qing; the Aisin Gioro first arose. Successive ancestors continued the thread; unifying the realm within the seas. Chapter One: Tracing auspiciousness from Changbai, the line was transmitted and the dynasty set forth. Territory vast and great; all draw near in joy and pleasure. Chapter Two: The sage Emperor established the pole; he is compared in height to Heaven. Pure constancy and abundant fortune; flourishing posterity and exalted clans. Chapter Three: Deep affection for the nine clans; grace bestowed singularly thick. Golden yellow belt hangs down; lofty caps and ranks are conferred. Chapter Four: Branches flourish, calyxes bloom; the imperial heart is then pleased. Fine reception of Heaven's harmony; in spring the year loads with brightness. Chapter Five: At the jade palace the banquet is spread; clansmen gather. Embroidered emblems fill the court; ranks and rows are distinguished in order. Chapter Six: The imperial gaze has joy; gifts are frequently bestowed. Attendants are granted tea; grace encompasses dew-like moisture. Chapter Seven: Sincere benevolence and universal favor; the great treasury distributes gold. Imperial compassion is already deep; thereby the clansmen are harmonized. Chapter Eight: Clansmen bow and dance; proclaimed joy and congratulatory prayer. For endless ages, forever pacified with many blessings. Nine chapters.
30
In early Qianlong, on the imperial tour to Shengjing, at the banquet, the Qinglong dance was performed to music in one chapter.
31
駿 殿
Heaven's bright mandate; sincerely the Taizu was born. Granted sage wisdom; he covered the eastern lands. Of the sage Taizu, he founded the base and created the enterprise. He first devised the national script; one writing for the six harmonies. Thus like the Taizong, he succeeded and received Heaven's mandate. He first created the central realm; nurturing with benevolence, governing with righteousness. The Taizong is like Heaven; greatly he covers all with pure virtue. Illustrious is great Qing; earnestly it established the imperial pinnacle. Rising Capital rose anew; Prosperous Capital flourished in turn. Through utmost benevolence alone, the nine regions entrusted him with the mandate. Reverently the sage emperor yearned and reflected in deep remembrance. Following the ways of his ancestors, he blessed our worthy armies. Reverently reading the veritable records, his glory shines like sun and stars. The ancestral enterprise was arduous; at heart he was deeply troubled. Then he issued a clear edict, proclaiming it to officials and people alike. Reverently he visited the ancestral tombs, then turned toward Mukden. The emperor showed steadfast sincerity; at the imperial tombs he paid his respects. Civil and military ministers rushed forward in loyal service. Our emperor is sacred; nothing small or great escapes his care. His civil and military ministers share his sympathy and care in all they know. Then beyond the border passes; then through Mongolia. Reviewing the Seven Aimans, the frontier tribes danced for joy. His imperial radiance came from afar; in felt robes they all assembled. The emperor's heart was moved with care; gifts and bounty flowed generously. Receiving the emperor's grace, they blessed our sage sovereign. Palms joined in worship, his grace spreads everywhere. Arriving at K'er-su, the imperial procession set forth on the hunt. With his hand he struck down a tiger; from horseback he shot a bear as it fell. Heroic is our emperor; his arrow flies true as if splitting the target. Beasts taken were beyond count; ten thousand men feasted to their fill. Then he came to the ancient homeland; then he visited the three imperial tombs. Serving in person and in spirit, my heart is at peace. He shrank not from distance, nor feared hardship on the road. The rites completed, yet his heart still clings fondly. The emperor's great filial piety; he performed the sacrifices with utmost reverence. Solemnly conducting the bright rites, all the realm takes him as their model. His imperial benevolence is earnest; he honors age and respects the elderly. His inquiries were attentive; his virtue spread vast and wide. At Shengjing he arrived; holding court to review the troops. Entering Chongzheng Hall, his grace spread across the entire realm.
32
In Qianlong 8, on the tour to Shengjing at the great banquet, the Gaozong Emperor composed the Shide dance music in ten chapters.
33
西 耀
Of old when Qing was created, it was Heaven, not man, that wrought it. A heavenly maiden descended with favor; at Changbai she opened the gate. Thence our ancestor was born; I dare not speak his name. Succeeding and inheriting in turn, down to me the great-great-grandson. Chapter One: I, the great-great-grandson of many generations, hold only my ancestors in remembrance. From the west the clouds came; my heart turned east in longing. Traversing this ancient land, I look up to trace the first design. The imperial ford crossed the stream; binding this great foundation. Chapter Two: Illustrious is the Taizu; he first received the mandate at Xingjing. Hada and Huifa repeatedly violated their alliances. Like a dragon seen in the field, like a tiger born on the wind. Thirteen suits of armor; the royal enterprise thereby rose. Chapter Three: Then measuring, then moving, expanding this Shenyang. Square walls and encircling moat, the Great Chamber and Bright Hall. Not at peace, not at rest; not dwelling, not at ease. The affair differed from releasing Jie; why harbor thoughts of the Shang? Chapter Four: Greatly succeeding the Taizong, truly carrying forward the former achievements. Lofty there at Songshan, bright weapons gleaming like snow. With few opposing many, pestles floated in flowing blood. Alas, no old veterans remain to recount it in detail for me. Chapter Five: I have come to the old domain, gazing upon Qiaoshan. Comforting my yearning remembrance, even in dreams. Chongzheng and Qingning — there the southern pavilion was opened. Splendid yet not extravagant; firmly secure indeed. Chapter Six: Our ancestors revered Heaven and honored the spirits. Holding a pig, pouring from a gourd; all ranks without ornament. The curtain hangings are spread again; vessels and stands are set out anew. Not altered, not replaced; following our forebears. Chapter Seven: Our forebears dwelt here, displaying color and laughter. Now I have come in reflection; the sage sun looks down. He grants wine to our Zhou kin; loyal ministers are summoned together. There are also honored guests; joyful words shared in delight. Chapter Eight: Admirable is this eastern land, truly the heavenly storehouse. Thick soil and deep water; the Zhou plain is rich and broad. The elders of Nanyang, here they speak of antiquity. Some ascend to sing; some rise to dance. Chapter Nine: Our song is already performed; our dance is also displayed. Old family surviving customs — how dare we fail to follow them? Vast purity and rich blessing, covering the boundless expanse. Do not cease to draw it forth; tell it to our posterity. Ten chapters.
34
In Qianlong 14, on the triumphant return from Jinchuan, at the banquet, the Qinglong dance was performed to music in one chapter.
35
滿 西
The sage era of Qianlong; the realm is governed in peace. The sovereign is solely enlightened; his ministers are solely worthy. Auspicious fortune flourishes grandly; excellent virtue abundantly displayed. Governing the eight borders; favor spreads to distant regions. The petty Jinchuan bandits, stupid and obstinately blind. At that time not following the way, leaping about on the remote border. Heaven's punishment was applied; proclaiming guilt and executing the charge. Long drives with swift carriages; thick clouds gather there. Sage strategy broadly deployed; decisions made ten thousand li away. Then selecting worthy ministers; relying on able assistants. They are loyal and brave; strategizing military achievement. Hearts firm as metal and stone; sincerity reaching the azure vault. Taking the lead before the multitude, treading rocky mountain paths. Morning and evening exhausting effort; sharing labor and hardship alike. Traitors are punished; enemy spies are driven off. National law brightly displayed; our martial prowess greatly raised. Den-holes ceased; cliff nests were destroyed. Strong stockades were overthrown; lofty blockhouses were ruined. Then their souls were stripped away; then their courage was lost. Trembling in fear, legs shaking, they hid in pits. Like rats scurrying into holes, like fish swimming in a cauldron. Crying out in wailing lament, again and again begging for mercy. The chief minister upheld righteousness, indignant and wishing to sweep them away. The emperor's virtue cherishes life; he ordered collective execution spared. The six compact articles are reverently followed. The imperial favor is reverently received; the net is loosened and benevolence bestowed. Greatly reform their hearts. Crawling prostrate, they rushed to attend. Clearing the road and building the altar; fragrant clouds embrace the way. Imperial benevolence spreads broadly; the six harmonies overflow. Reviving what was withered and decayed; granting them rebirth. Deployed were the full troops; in a full month the achievement was complete. How could it be so swift? The imperial design was relied upon. Divine merit shines brilliantly; heaven and earth open wide. Stratagem within the ninefold palace; bright as sun and moon. Carved on fine jade; proclaimed in the historical annals. The rites of the great ceremony are complete; music plays the ascent to peace. The merit of the campaign is fully achieved; the celebratory banquet is set forth. Grand harmony mingles and blends; pervading and harmonizing the universe. Auspicious clouds twine and swirl; celestial patterns link like pearls. Ladder-ships and tribute gifts; for a hundred million years. In Qianlong 25, when the Western Regions were pacified, at the banquet, the Desheng dance was performed to music in one chapter.
36
滿
The ancestors' design was continued and completed; distant rebels were cut down and extinguished. Planning with composure; the frontier was expanded by twenty thousand li. Rivers and plains were thereby opened wide; then land was surveyed and fields laid out. Temple calculations were vast and deep; Heaven's heart was in accord. Internal strife among the Dzungars; they begged grace and submitted. Ranks and titles were granted to princes and dukes; their dependents were compassionately cared for. The demon-spirit chief; prostrate at the imperial court. Favored with frontier investiture; bearing the battle-axe with sole command. Dawachi was captured; reborn through gracious pardon. Thinking of the army's toil; lofty enfeoffment and Jin investiture granted. The chief was crafty and cunning; about to face Heaven's punishment. Vainly hoping for what was not his due; he rebelled midway. Turning back with a double heart; abandoning wife and children. Servants and dependents scattered; the great villain deserved it. Drawing water ten thousand li, wishing to extinguish the spreading prairie fire. Like that mad chief, he merely burned himself. Fleeing to Russia, plague destroyed his life. The distant region honored the king; offerings were brought to the border. Manchu and Solon troops, crossing waves in flying passage. Valiant beyond resistance; steep ridges they crossed. Capturing the fugitives; gathering their livestock. Taking their women and children. Like smashing rotten wood. Where bow and arrow were applied, rebel strongholds could not withstand. Eager to escape like a fleeing rabbit; shaken and terrified beyond measure. Stupid are those rebel masses, making rebellion and change. Imperial virtue moistens and nourishes; the orphaned and alone thereby live. How could one say exhausting the troops? How could one say repeated warfare? Seizing the timely conjunction; how could one bear not to pacify the distant? Looking back at those in bonds; releasing their restraints. Just returned to Kucha; rumors were spread and fanned. Only that vicious leader, betraying his lord beyond compare. Not mindful of imperial grace; how could one not gnash the teeth? Ili already pacified; all the tribes came as guests in submission. Planning long in advance; all the Hui peoples were gathered back. The two bandits fled in rout; generals were ordered to pursue and intercept. Beyond their den and nest; straight to Badakhshan. Then dispatching attendants; thereby learning the situation. The Hui chief beat his forehead; presenting severed ears and heads, offering sincerity. Remote antiquity cannot be traced; the successive histories all stand. Exterminating bandits like this; there is no parallel. The comet-broom is cleanly swept; the realm ascends to peace. The army goes forth with righteousness; within and without forever clear. Sagely counsel is solely sincere; from dusk to dawn without rest. Grandly presenting the merit of the skin; the sage heart is thereby pleased. Those who follow us prosper; those who oppose us perish. Distinguishing rewards lest any be missed; Heaven's words are greatly manifest. Rewarding merit with enfeoffment; marking the brave with bestowed names. Manifesting this earnest reward; pattern and splendor thereby bright. Punishing and rooting out the chief villains; the great achievement is announced complete. Like spring nurturing things; virtue harmonizes with pure tranquility. In Daoguang 8, on re-pacifying the Hui frontier, at the banquet, the Desheng dance was performed to music in twenty chapters.
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The sage era of Daoguang; virtue harmonizes the great expanse. Presenting tribute and offering gifts; with wings and with reverence. Chapter One: Stupid are these rebellious Hui; long evading punishment, petty bandits. Beaks crouching in wild borderlands; they dare be leaders of war. Chapter Two: Numerous their bands; thick their miasma. Crossing stockades to stir secretly; not restraining themselves, they burned. Chapter Three: The emperor was greatly angered; then ordered the display of might. Go forth to suppress rebellion; capture the captives and return. Chapter Four: At the Hunbashi River, first sound overcame and shook. Advancing to exterminate at Keping; none left with embers. Chapter Five: At Shagang in array; our troops already attacked. Three villages' dens destroyed; in ten days achievement was reported. Chapter Six: Achievement reported in one month; four cities swiftly recovered. The begs knelt to welcome; foreheads praised the divine speed. Chapter Seven: None red that is not a fox; none black that is not a crow. Where the star-bow points, all submit to their guilt. Chapter Eight: The emperor was moved for the eight cities; their rents and levies were remitted. The aged rejoiced in celebration; sweet rain from the nine heavens. Chapter Nine: Illustrious is the imperial counsel; ten articles are grandly spread. Criminals must be obtained; do not let punishment be delayed. Chapter Ten: Do not let punishment be delayed; do not wait to send the army. In succession triumphant return; thereby resting the weary toil. Chapter Eleven: Vast and desolate the four mountains; scouts ride all around. Where demon birds alight, the courtyard bow is bent. Chapter Twelve: The year's feast is already done; the multitude of troops are eager and strong. Fashioning cudgels to strike bandits; at Atushi village. Chapter Thirteen: We pursue their flight; from dusk to dawn. Reaching Tiegai Mountain; the escape route was suddenly cut. Chapter Fourteen: Then they lost their horses; then they dragged their weapons. Seizing their short blades; binding them with long reins. Chapter Fifteen: City willows first bud; courier riders gallop forth. Capital folk line the roads; gazing from afar at the red banners. Chapter Sixteen: Quiver bows bestowed with ribbons; reporting to Heaven and ancestors. Returning to the kind empress dowager; greatly receiving blessing. Chapter Seventeen: Carving a stele to record the affair; at the imperial gate receiving captives. Then opening the joyous banquet; dew deep, clouds suffused. Chapter Eighteen: Fine wine already excellent; rank dance enters to assist. Young and old bow heads; may our emperor live ten thousand years. Chapter Nineteen: Sacred martial prowess is raised; sacred grace is long. Sated with benevolence, nourished with righteousness; ten thousand years without bound. Twenty chapters.
38
Great-banquet reed-pipe music: sixty-seven chapters, fixed in Qianlong 7.
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Horse-herding Song: the sovereign's joy relies on this discipline. The myriad people's joy relies on our king and lord. Households are very fitting; the husband's strength. Friends have achievement; the virtue of harmony and gathering.
40
Ancient Song, eight kinds: formation and destruction — truly the constant of human affairs. Falling into the net of delusion, wishing to lock up the reins of emotion. Fools without understanding rejoice in this as endlessly special. Clutching emptiness as existence — how could such false words be fitting?
41
Ruyi Treasure: not bathing the mind in the sutras; possessing original nature yet without illumination. Not submitting to the Buddha vehicle; speaking wondrous conduct yet listening in confusion.
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Auspicious Omen: one man first appears; ten thousand states honor him as kin. Deep grace spreads broadly; universally covering the living people. A hundred flowers spread glory; one day delights the eyes. Abhiseka treasure-light,
43
the myriad masses submit.
44
Sincere Response: O good Hu, how awe-inspiring! Assist with utmost sincerity. O good Hu, how excessive! Exhaust what one can. O good Hu, how false! Words without literary ornament. O good Hu, how idle! I dare not rest.
45
Auspicious Celebration: when the lord is sage and bright beyond bearing Heaven; when ministers are tranquil and together surpass posterity. A strong woman managing the household surpasses the husband; the ruyi pearl-gem belongs only to the filial son.
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The Like One chants: extinguishing one's own sins, relying on the Buddha's true words. If one wishes to cure illness, only good medicine remains. The bodhi lamp brings living beings out of darkness; the wisdom comb combs the entanglements of the six desires.
47
Lord's Horse Yellow: the great sea's waters cannot be measured; the heavenly storehouse treasures — how could they be exhausted? Good friends in harmony and benefit without limit; the sage has counsels extending without bound.
48
Admirable Virtue chant: the human lord can be benevolent; father to the masses. The noble person is peaceful; the multitude attach heart to heart. Admirable is that wise man; truly he is the teacher and tutor. Hiding wisdom and harboring selfishness — these are the people's bane.
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Well Done: only peace, only harmony; the mind's intent obtains what it desires. Without duplicity, without doubt; friends thereby prosper.
50
Happy Land ballad: dividing wealth among people — no grace is greater. Bestowing wisdom on people — could it not exceed a felt blanket?
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Treading the Yaoniang: the sun is about to rise; the bright stars blaze. Longevity is the omen; elegant brows full and ample. At thirty one is robust; at fifty, twilight. None is closer than grandmother; none is more honored than grandfather.
52
滿
Prayer chant: my horse paces mincingly, moving like flowing water. Handsome heroes fill the seats; friends and kin rejoice. Clans, affines, and in-laws — all rich and noble. Pouring wine for joy — both abundant and fine.
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Slow Song Fifteen: joy at eighty declines; youthful looks and lush prime, twilight's grief; grandmother is most kin, grandfather most honored.
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Tang Princess: the way of following the king — faults are rare. Occupying one's proper place in conduct — what doubt is there?
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Sincerity Song: may there be no failed affairs; follow the Way in conduct. Long without separation; conforming to kin feeling.
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Bright Light tune: gazing at those sun and moon; empty space emits light. Sage lord, sage mother — brilliant glory for ten thousand bows.
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Auspicious Master: the sun and moon's brightness — its radiance must shine. The sage lord's brightness — the masses all come.
58
祿
Sage Brightness era: meeting the sage-bright era, how blessed am I. Spread covering with grace; how rich is my fortune.
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Subtle words: sudden change — follow its natural course. Like that mirage tower; the rest of life is dim.
60
Approaching Auspicious Peace: all evil do not commit; bodhisattvas many. In dim twilight going astray — thereby falling into the three paths of woe.
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Good Government Song: what is the root of the classic? The root is clan. What is the root of the body? Mother and father. What is the root of sin? Anger, blazing. What is the root of blessing? Harmony, harmonious.
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Long Life: vain words do not suit the Way; water has ten thousand branches yet flows to the ancestor sea. Only the heterodox path's false speech — a well painting itself, not penetrating.
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Graceful Maiden: timid is the plain beast, thinking to preserve its body. Careful are the multitude of gentlemen, thinking to shelter posterity.
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Deep Dew: that foolish man — only knows his own body. This wise man — his heart encompasses the ten thousand people.
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Four Worthies chant: the six desires mutually draw; the subtle life is attachment. Alas for that colt-light, like a dream, like lightning.
66
便
Congratulating the Holy Court: compassionate expedients; forever cutting off doubting feeling. Pure Land of Ultimate Bliss — neither destroyed nor born.
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Heroic Conduct: knowing and then acting — the wise are thereby formed. Not knowing yet acting — the company of the mediocre and foolish. Considering and then moving — outstanding is that prior awakening; leading yet rashly moving — that is the lower current.
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Firm Son: the horse paces mincingly — the body does not obtain health. Thinking of this body — originally without constancy. The horse gallops soaring — life does not obtain peace. Thinking of this life — originally without birth.
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Full Moon: the good horse's virtue — in the hunt it can be shown. The good friend's conduct — in mutual association it becomes clear.
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Slow Song: good horse — how? The rider's thought. Good friend — how? Long association brings respect.
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Utmost Purity: only the emperor's strength brings labor and comfort; parents' strength frees from infancy. Riding the qiji and galloping; relying on the great arm to draw the bow open.
72
Beautiful Enfeoffed Lord tribute: lofty and exclusive in beauty — it is said: only not benevolent. Hoarding wealth to enrich oneself — before long it is quartered away. Only by not being muddled does one not take warning and fear. A vicious heart constantly sprouts — who can dwell with it?
73
Youthful Journey: Alas, cast aside in mountain caves — why not widely spread a fragrant name? Alas, ending old age in the wild grass — why not forever leave a fine name?
74
Four Heavenly Kings chant: Alas, Beimang; fine reputation proclaimed and spread. Beimang is lamentable; the green histories never change.
75
使
Winding Words: Gazing at that central grove; luxuriant are the myriad trees. Sandalwood has fragrance; born to make it alone. The myriad kinds all alike; bustling and numerous. Father and mother of the people; first appearing as one man.
76
Iron black steed carries flying and soaring; only the pinions are relied upon. Making sound, making pitch — only the heart is the classic. In shooting able to hit — only the finger is relied upon. In association able to be good — only harmony is constant.
77
Wooden Pearl: the fledgling becomes a chick — the work of hatching and transforming. Feathers used as regalia — the endowment of fate is grand. Enlightening that foolish obscurity — only the sage's achievement. Illuminating that original nature — truly in one's own person.
78
Good Union tune: only diligence makes the wise; peace cannot be embraced. Drowning in this petty joy — ultimate joy is hard to expect.
79
Zhang Fu: Qian's radiance without partiality; sacred teaching without categories. Counsel and instruction vast; mirror this without obscurity.
80
Heavenly Horse chant: the qiji does not herd with lame donkeys; the swan does not pair with the marsh pheasant. The zouyu does not approach foxes; the sage does not favor the foolish and base.
81
退
Great Dragon Horse chant: who knows the illusory body? Conceal this Buddha-nature. Who does not turn back? Buddha's grace comes to attest. Superior virtue falls; who knows the sickness? Lower scholars suddenly rise; who knows the rivalry?
82
Beginning Principles: blessing and wisdom Heaven bestows — truly hard to behold. Penetrating persons and accomplished scholars — how could they be easily met?
83
Chasing Wind, red horse: lush and bright; on the mountain is fragrant orchid. Tong and Qi; atop the head is a fine topknot.
84
Returning Wave: the head is enlightened, first appearing; arms and legs worthy, rarely matched. Worthy ones assist the royal house; do not hold the left path, you locust pests.
85
Long Forethought: exemplary conduct and stopping; the lower people are pitiable. It is fitting to extend universal love to the masses; do not oppose loyal words.
86
調
Level Tune: the qiji suits my frame; quiver and bow guard my person. Fine words supply my Way; classics and histories enrich my heart.
87
Wanderer's Chant: ascending that high mound — thinking of my old home. Having thoughts of two persons — do not go beyond the hall door. Ascending that lofty peak — thinking of my old home. Having thoughts of two persons — do not go beyond the courtyard wall.
88
調
Level Tune: the emperor-king has no excess; heaven and earth are harmonious and tranquil. The regional lord is perceptive; the myriad people are enriched and formed.
89
Lofty Scholar chant: the sun rises — heaven is the warp. The people's conduct — the lord is the course. Water's flow — following the pit, it fills. The female's roaming — the colt's feeling.
90
Birth of Brightness: not coveting goods and bribes — moved by brothers' reverent hearts. Not greedy for food and drink — moved by elders' sincere devotion.
91
Lofty Conduct: how to attain great peace? Gazing at the imperial thoroughfare. Human life — how constant? Well keep the thousand-gold body. The people cannot forget; fine name illuminates the spirit realm. Descendants vibrate the cord; hundreds of millions and more.
92
Chapter Three: Reverently honor the Buddha's command, like moistening sweet rain. Do not practice evil; sow this suffering of sin.
93
Round Sound: the body is without constancy; flowers reach autumn. Fame is without constancy; thunder does not remain. Wealth is without constancy; bees brew honey; Water is without constancy; the sea sends forth bubbles.
94
Balustrade: the worthy is thus worthy-worthy; the unworthy is not worthy-worthy. Bees see flowers and stop; dragonflies go fluttering away.
95
Reflective Journey: a thousand-gold fine horse is not like the forebears' bequest. Having tasted every fruit — not like mother's milk, sweet.
96
Dharma Seat: lightning is fearsome; the season reaches cinnabar brightness. Frost is fearsome; the five grains are about to ripen. Calamity is fearsome; joy is what it accomplishes. None is not fearsome; recalling the spirit-soul's first birth.
97
Guidance: the house of fire has no cool shade; the bitter road has no peace and joy. Who on the bird-path can carry one? Jambudvipa is hard to halt the foot.
98
Transformation Guidance: Jambudvipa realm, like that high mountain — crossing it is hard. Exhausting the present time; the great sea is vast — wishing to cross is truly hard.
99
Seven Treasures Saddle: gazing at that embankment; water then does not overflow. Having a lord shepherding the people — there should be no rebellion and scattering. Though birds are weary, they would rather fall to earth. The noble person is firm in poverty — unto death, no duplicity.
100
Short Song: Alas for the joy of remaining life — like the yellow orb's fullness and slant. Feeling the glorious light's passing — like green upon the leaf. When flowering glory is at the teeth — for now rejoice and forever daily.
101
Sunset Hour: hour upon hour; outside the hour there is no hour. The hour already passes — what share joy with? The yellow orb already slants; surely little warm geniality. Heaven's light already dusk; dim and dim its shade.
102
Homeland Ballad: august is the sage era; gentle as the benevolent lord. Longing, longing; day distant, day parted. There are also good friends, like elder brother, like younger brother. Day distant, day parted — cannot gaze afar and stand on tiptoe.
103
Monastic Treasure chant: offering sincerity, taking refuge — already peaceful and auspicious. Like a Buddha pagoda-temple — why so far separate? Harmonious joy and moreover delight; hands and feet lead and support. Like elder sister, like younger sister — why so far separate?
104
Brahman Introduction: curd must become ghee; father will become grandfather. Sand must become hill; mother will become old woman.
105
Three Tribes: try viewing the three realms — bubbles rise, bubbles perish. Like those autumn clouds, now rising, now sinking.
106
Five Tribes: flowing water how surging — my life is like this wandering. Though there are sage and worthy men — who can slightly linger?
107
西
In Qianlong 25, when the Western Regions were pacified, at the banquet, reed-pipe music has one chapter.
108
The celestial gate is brilliant; bells and chimes ring clearly. The whip sounds; reverently solemn — the emperor thereby feasts in peace. Bearing Heaven's pure blessing; ancestral virtue congeals as shelter. With composure settling and fixing; truly ascending the great design. Sacred virtue broadly spread; light covers the distant and near. Like arching the northern asterism; all the tribes return and halt. Compassionate grace covers and shields; the blue sea is measureless. Striving to be first in effecting submission; rushing to come as king. Statutes and patterns are thereby complete; victorious stratagem is achieved. Leaping-about petty villains; like fish strung, they offer sincerity. Heaven's awesomeness shakes in layers; the small and weak are wary and cautious. The great lord is solely benevolent; none is not a subject and bondsman. Sacred teaching broadly spread; foreheads raised, hearts aligned. The moon's frontier shares the same wind; surpassing past and present. Far-reaching counsel is in accord; the utmost borderlands are peaceful and secure. The virtue of pacification and soothing extends to remote wilds. Qian's primary achievement is grand; overflowing through the realm's bounds. Towering is the flourishing virtue; for a hundred million years.
109
In Daoguang 8, on re-pacifying the Hui frontier, at the banquet, reed-pipe music has nine chapters.
110
西
Illustrious is imperial awesomeness; displayed through the nine domains. The Hui frontier is settled for the aged; drinking to the end, labor returns. Chapter One: There is the cut-off Hui frontier; the Pure Emperor pacified it. Revering the spirits and accepting teaching; securing our frontier fence. Chapter Two: Stupid are these rebellious descendants; long evading punishment for generations. The prairie fire burns itself; law cannot pardon. Chapter Three: War chariots thereby west; like clouds, like rainbows. In one month three victories; the four cities await. Chapter Four: The four cities already governed; the ugly faction already leveled. The bow-case unstrung and spread; where does the demon bird rest? Chapter Five: The Hui villages yearly approach; owls gather and stop. Tracking footsteps in pursuit to the end; Tiegai firmly towering. Chapter Six: Bound with white cords; rewarded with red banners. New spring sends celebration; the imperial heart is laden with joy. Chapter Seven: Of old was assigned the expedition chariot; now is sung gathering ferns. Receiving blessing from Heaven's ancestor; returning grace to the kind empress dowager. Chapter Eight: Fine offerings are fitting rites; broad is the grace bestowed. Presenting the cup and bowing the head; ten thousand years of blessing and auspiciousness. Nine chapters.
111
使 西鹿-{}-調
At the great banquet, frontier-tribal combined performance: thirty-one chapters fixed in Qianlong 7; only six chapters have lyrics: Great Combined Tune, Dyed Silk Tune, Gong Mo, Elegant Governance Words, Phoenix Cry, and Riding the Courier; Those without lyrics have palace scores: Rabbit Snare, Western Flounder Tune, Governance Words, Thousand Autumns Words, Swan Words, Congratulating the Lord, Congratulating the Lady, Admiring Jiangnan, Salvation Words, Great Frontier Tune, Small Frontier Words, Wandering Leisure Words, Flourishing Words, Gorgeous Tune, Congratulating the Sage Master, White Deer Words, Combined Joy Tune, White Camel Song, Oriole Tune, Lord Words, Lady Words, Worthy Scholar Words, Dance Words, Drum Tune, and Harmonizing Tune. Not recorded.
112
Great Combined Tune: Yuan Yi is relied upon; bright spirits are honored. One heart utmost sincerity; bright service diligent only. Towering great lord; forever securing the masses. At heart beloved and supported; bowing the head, coming as subject. Thinking that human life is without constancy — together diligently cultivate good conduct. Trusting that the hundred conduct are all good — in the end peaceful, and the spirits listen.
113
Dyed Silk Tune: the great lord is supremely sage; teaching spreads through the land. Pacifying the myriad states; bowing and kneeling, serving the lord.
114
Gong Mo: illustrious is the primordial sovereign; favoring and cherishing the ten thousand regions. National outstanding talents respectful; jointly assisting state constants. Along the land's margin; sincerity broadly spread. All bow and kowtow; relying on and supporting the sage emperor.
115
Elegant Governance Words: august and sage-bright; nothing distant is not illumined. Numerous are the multitude; no thought but submission. Primary transformation and favoring heart — doing good, removing evil. The sage person's domain — long life, eternal joy.
116
Phoenix Cry: receiving Qian's substance and origin — only our sage lord. Light opening the grass wilderness — only our sage lord. Discipline and regulation of myriad government — only our sage lord. Father and mother to ten thousand states — only our sage lord. Only our sage lord — covering and shielding like heaven. Only our sage lord — renewing himself, renewing the people. Only our sage lord — within and without all peaceful. Only our sage lord — all wickedness dissolves and sinks. Bow the hand, kowtow — praise overflows the myriad people.
117
使
Riding the Courier: the great earth vast and boundless; the great sea vast and blue. How could there be no treasure? Seeking it — which direction? From antiquity in the past — to be lord, to be king. Receiving the chart, ruling the realm — mandate not of constancy. Solid heart, solid government — favoring this ten thousand regions. Sacredly holding the great treasure — only our emperor. Only our emperor — who can match strides with him?
118
Hui Frontier Music: one chapter — pitch and mode later compiled; Hui frontier music uses the national script with Han transliteration and palace scores noted at the side; now the Han transliteration carries the lyrics.
119
滿
Your banner is blessed; the White Banner is blessed.
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