1
額亦都費英東子索海孫倭黑何和禮子多積禮和碩圖都類
E Yidu; Fei Yingdong; his son Suo Hai; his grandson Wohei; He Heli; his sons Duo Jili and Heshuotu; and Dulei.
2
安費揚古扈爾漢
Anfiyanggu; Hu Erhan.
3
額亦都，鈕祜祿氏，世居長白山。 以資雄鄉里。 祖阿陵阿拜顏，移居英崿峪。 父都陵阿巴圖魯。 歲壬戌，額亦都生。 幼時，父母為仇家所殺，匿鄰村以免。 年十三，手刃其仇。 有姑嫁嘉木瑚寨長穆通阿，往依焉。 穆通阿子哈思護，長額亦都二歲，相得甚懽。 居數歲，庚辰，太祖行經嘉木瑚寨，宿穆通阿家。 額亦都與太祖語，心知非常人，遂請從，其姑止之，額亦都曰：「大丈夫生世間，能以碌碌終乎？ 此行任所之，誓不貽姑憂。」 翌日，遂從太祖行。 是歲太祖年二十二，額亦都年十九。 太祖為族人所惎，數見侵侮，矢及於戶，額亦都護左右，卒弭其難。
E Yidu belonged to the Niohuru clan; his family had lived on Changbai Mountain for generations. His family wealth made him the most formidable man in the locality. His grandfather Aringa Baibayan relocated the clan to Ying'eyu. His father was Dulungga Baturu. He was born in the renxu year. While still a child, his parents were murdered by a feuding clan; he took refuge in a neighboring village. At the age of thirteen he killed the murderer himself. An aunt of his was married to Mutongga, headman of the Jiamuhu stockade, and he went to live under that roof. Mutongga's son Hasihu was two years E Yidu's senior, and the two became inseparable companions. Some years later, in the gengchen year, the Taizu was traveling through Jiamuhu and spent the night at Mutongga's house. Speaking with the Taizu, E Yidu sensed at once that he was no ordinary man and asked to join him. His aunt objected, but E Yidu said, "Can a man who enters this world expect to end his days in obscurity? Wherever this road takes me, I swear I will not be the cause of sorrow to you, Aunt." The following day he left with the Taizu. The Taizu was twenty-two that year; E Yidu was nineteen. Clansmen bore the Taizu ill will and harassed him again and again—arrows even struck his doorway. E Yidu stood guard at his side until the danger finally passed.
4
居三年，歲癸未，太祖起兵，額亦都從，討尼堪外蘭，攻圖倫城，先登； 攻色克濟城，掩敵無備，取之，獲其牛馬、甲士； 又別將兵攻舒勒克布佔，克其城。 額亦都驍果善戰，所向克捷，太祖知其能，日見信任。 歲丁亥八月，令將兵取巴爾達城。 至渾河，秋水方至，不能涉，以繩約軍士，魚貫而渡，夜薄其城，率驍卒先登，城兵驚起拒，跨堞而戰，飛矢貫股著於堞，揮刀斷矢，戰益力，被五十餘創，不退，卒拔其城。 師還，太祖迎於郊，燕勞，其所俘獲悉畀之，號為「巴圖魯」。 薩克察來攻，額亦都率數卒出禦，為所敗； 夜入其城，進攻克尼瑪蘭、章家二城，索爾瑚寨。 師還，太祖迎勞如初。 界籓有科甚者，以勇聞，盜九馬以遁，額亦都單騎追斬之，盡返所盜馬。 嘉木瑚人貝揮巴顏謀叛附哈達，太祖命額亦都討之，誅其父子五人以徇。
Three years on, in the guiwei year, the Taizu took up arms. E Yidu marched with him against Nikhan Wailan, stormed Tulun, and was the first man over the wall; he struck Sekiji before the enemy was ready, took the town, and seized its cattle, horses, and armored fighters; and he led a separate detachment against Shulekebuzhan and reduced that city as well. E Yidu was bold and masterful in war; his campaigns were invariably successful. Recognizing his talent, the Taizu came to rely on him more with each passing day. In the eighth month of the dinghai year he was ordered to take Bardai with an army. At the Hun River the autumn waters were high and the army could not cross. He roped the men together and had them ford in single file. That night they closed on the city; at the head of picked warriors he was first over the wall. The defenders rushed to meet him. Fighting from the parapet, a stray arrow drove through his thigh and pinned him to the merlon; he hacked off the shaft with his sword, fought on with redoubled fury, took more than fifty wounds, and would not yield until the city fell. On the army's return the Taizu welcomed him outside the walls, held a feast in his honor, handed over the entire haul of prisoners and spoils, and gave him the title Baturu, "the Brave." When Sakcha attacked, E Yidu went out with only a handful of men and was driven back; but that night he stole into the enemy town, pressed forward, and took Nikmalan, Zhangjia, and the Suoerhu stockade. On his return the Taizu received and honored him just as he had after his first triumph. A man of extraordinary build on the border, renowned for valor, stole nine horses and fled. E Yidu rode after him alone, killed him, and brought back every horse. Beihuibayan of Jiamuhu plotted to rebel and join Hada. The Taizu sent E Yidu against him; he put five men of that house to death, father and sons together, as an example to others.
5
歲癸巳九月，葉赫等九部合師來侵，攻我黑濟格城，太祖親御之，陣於古勒山。 令額來犯，奮擊，殪九人，敵卻，我師乘之，擒葉赫貝勒布寨。 九部師？ 亦都以百騎挑戰，敵悉皆潰，遂乘勝略諾賽寨及兆佳村。 有齊法罕者，戰沒，額亦都直入敵陣，以其屍還。 訥殷路守佛多和山自固。 太祖命額亦都？ 者，九部之一也，其長搜穩塞克什，既敗歸，复聚七寨之偕噶蓋、安費揚古，以兵千人圍其寨，克之，斬搜穩塞克什，太祖以所乘馬賜之。 歲己亥秋，從征哈達，滅之。
In the ninth month of the guisi year, Yehe and eight other tribes joined forces to invade and assaulted Heijige. The Taizu took the field in person and formed his line at Gule Mountain. He ordered E Yidu forward with a hundred horsemen to offer battle. When the enemy came on in full strength he struck hard, killed nine men, and forced them back; our troops followed up and took the Yehe beile Buzhai prisoner. The allied armies of the nine tribes broke and fled. E Yidu again rode out with a hundred horsemen; the enemy lines collapsed entirely. Pressing the advantage, he overran the Nuosai stockade and Zhaojia village. When Qifahan was killed in the fighting, E Yidu charged deep into the enemy formation and recovered his corpse. The Neyinlu people held Mount Foduohe and refused to yield. The Taizu ordered E Yidu, together with Gagai and Anfiyanggu, to move against them. The Neyinlu were one of the nine allied tribes. Their chief Suwensakexi, beaten once, had rallied the people of seven stockades to defend Mount Foduohe. E Yidu invested the place with a thousand men, stormed it, and cut off Suwensakexi's head. The Taizu rewarded him with his own mount. In the autumn of the jihai year he joined the expedition against Hada and helped bring about its destruction.
6
歲丁未五月，從貝勒巴雅喇等伐東海渥集部，取赫席黑、俄漠和蘇魯、佛訥赫拖克索等三路，俘二千人。 九月，從征輝發，滅之。 歲庚戌十一月，太祖命將兵千，撫渥集部那木都魯、綏分、寧古塔、尼瑪察四路，降其長康古禮等十九人。 旋乘勝取雅攬路，俘萬人。 歲辛亥，太祖命偕何和禮、扈爾漢將兵二千伐渥集部虎爾哈路，圍札庫塔城三日，招之不下，遂攻克其城，斬千級，俘二千人。 環近各路悉降，令其長土勒伸、額勒伸護其民五百戶以還。 歲癸丑，從征烏拉，滅之。
In the fifth month of the dingwei year he marched with Bayara and other beiles against the Eastern Sea Woji, securing the Hexihei, Emohesulu, and Fonehetuokesuo routes and taking two thousand captives. In the ninth month he joined the campaign against Huifa and helped destroy that state. In the eleventh month of the gengxu year the Taizu sent him with a thousand men to bring the Namudulu, Suifen, Ningguta, and Nimacha routes of the Woji under control; nineteen chiefs, including Kanguli, submitted to him. He immediately followed up by taking the Yalan route and bringing away ten thousand captives. In the xinhai year the Taizu sent him with He Heli and Hu Erhan and two thousand troops against the Hu'erha route of the Woji. They besieged Zhakuta for three days; when the defenders would not yield, they carried the place by assault, killed a thousand men, and took two thousand prisoners. Every nearby route then submitted. He left the chiefs Tuleshen and Eleshen to escort five hundred households home under guard. In the guichou year he joined the campaign against Ula and helped destroy it.
7
歲乙卯，定旗制，額亦都隸滿洲鑲黃旗。 天命建元，置五大臣，以命額亦都，國語謂之「達拉哈轄」。 二年，命偕安費揚古攻明馬根單、花豹衝、三岔兒諸堡，皆克之。 四年，明經略楊鎬大舉來侵，總兵杜松軍自撫順入。 三月甲申朔，諸貝勒帥師出禦。 日過午，師至太蘭岡，大貝勒代善以太祖未至，議駐軍以俟。 太宗時號四貝勒，謂：「界籓有我築城夫役，宜急護之！ 何為次，且示弱？」 額亦都大言曰：「四貝勒之言是也！」 師遂進。 師至界籓，築城夫役騰躍下山赴戰，太祖亦至，指揮夾擊，松軍遂覆，還破馬林于尚間崖、劉綎於阿布達里岡，額亦都並為軍鋒。
In the yimao year the Eight Banners were established; E Yidu was assigned to the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner. When the Tianming era began, the Five Great Ministers were created and E Yidu was named to their number—the court tongue called the office Dalahaqi. In the second year he and Anfiyanggu were ordered against the Ming strongholds of Magendan, Huabaochong, and Sancha'er; all fell. In the fourth year the Ming grand coordinator Yang Hao launched a major invasion. The commander Du Song advanced from Fushun. On the first day of the third month, jiashen, the beiles marched out to oppose them. By afternoon the force had reached Tailangang. Daishan, the senior beile, urged a halt because the Taizu had not yet come up. The Fourth Beile—later the Taizong—said, "Our laborers are building the fort at Jiefan; we must reach them at once! Why delay and look timid?" E Yidu cried out, "The Fourth Beile speaks the truth!" The column moved forward. At Jiefan the builders rushed downhill to fight. The Taizu came up as well and ordered a double envelopment; Du Song's force was annihilated. They next broke Ma Lin at Shangjianya and Liu Ting at Abudali Gang, with E Yidu always in the van.
8
太祖有所征討，額亦都皆在行間，未嘗挫衂。 每克敵受賜，輙散給將士之有功者，不以自私，太祖厚遇之，始妻以族妹，後以和碩公主降焉。
In every campaign the Taizu undertook, E Yidu marched with him and never knew a reverse. Prize after prize he handed straight to the men who had fought well, never hoarding for himself. The Taizu favored him richly—first with a clanswoman as wife, later with an imperial princess.
9
額亦都次子達啟，少材武，太祖育於宮中，長使尚皇女。 達啟怙寵而驕，遇諸皇子無皆愕。 額亦都抽刃而言？ 禮，額亦都患之。 一日，集諸子宴別墅，酒行，忽起，命執達啟，曰：「天下安有父殺子者？ 顧此子傲慢，及今不治，他日必負國敗門戶，不從者血此刃！」 乃懼，引達啟入室，以被覆殺之。 額亦都詣太祖謝，太祖驚惋久之，乃嗟嘆，謂額亦都為？ 國深慮，不可及也。
Daqi, the second son of E Yidu, showed martial promise early. The Taizu raised him in the palace and, when he came of age, matched him to a princess. Spoiled by privilege, Daqi grew insolent; in the presence of the princes he behaved without proper respect, to everyone's dismay. E Yidu drew his sword and declared, "Show the princes disrespect again and this blade will answer for it! Daqi thereafter observed a little more decorum, but his father remained uneasy. One day he feasted his sons at a country house. Wine had barely circulated when he rose abruptly and had Daqi seized. "Is there anywhere under heaven a father who slays his own son?" he said. Yet the boy is insufferably proud. Leave him unchecked and he will one day betray the realm and destroy our line. Whoever will not obey—this sword will find him!" His sons were terrified; they took Daqi inside and suffocated him under a quilt. E Yidu went to the Taizu to report what he had done. The sovereign was stunned and grieved for a long while, then sighed and said that E Yidu's care for the realm ran deeper than any man's and could not be matched.
10
累官至左翼總兵官、一等大臣，給以百人廩食，食三世。 分所部為世管牛錄三，分隸鑲黃、正白二旗。 六年，克遼陽，賜第一區。 六月，卒，年六十，太祖臨哭者三。 天聰元年，追封弘毅公。 崇德初，配享太廟。 順治十一年，世祖命立碑旌功，親為製文，詳著其戰閥，以為「忠勇忘身，有始有卒，開拓疆土，厥積懋焉」。
He rose to commander-in-chief of the Left Wing and first-rank great minister, with rations for a hundred retainers heritable for three generations. His command was split into three hereditary niru, apportioned between the Bordered Yellow and Plain White Banners. In the sixth year, when Liaoyang fell, he received a premier dwelling in the city. He died in the sixth month at sixty; the Taizu visited his coffin three times to weep. In the first year of Tiancong he was posthumously created Duke Hongyi. Early in the Chongde reign he was granted a share in sacrifices at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. In the eleventh year of Shunzhi the Shizu ordered a monument raised to his merit and wrote the inscription himself, recounting his campaigns in full and calling him "loyal and valiant, heedless of self, steadfast from first to last, who widened the realm—his deeds weighty indeed."
11
額亦都子十六人，其知名者，徹爾格、圖爾格、伊爾登、超哈爾、遏必隆，皆自有傳。 四子韓代，五子阿達海，及阿達海之子阿哈尼堪，並以從征戰死。 七子謨海，蚤歲從軍，屢立戰功，仕至都統，亦戰死。 十五子索渾，從太宗戰伐有功，授世管牛錄額真，累遷至議政大臣。
E Yidu left sixteen sons. The best known—Cheerge, Tuerge, Yierdeng, Chaohaer, and Ebilun—each has a separate biography. The fourth son Handai, the fifth son Adahai, and Adahai's son Ahanikan all fell on campaign. The seventh son Mohai took the field in his youth, won distinction again and again, rose to dutong, and likewise died in action. The fifteenth son Suohun served the Taizong in war with credit, received a hereditary niru command, and eventually became a grand councilor.
12
額亦都初授一等總兵官，康熙間改襲一等精奇尼哈番，乾隆元年改一等子。 圖爾格別封公爵，以其從孫阿里袞及阿里袞子豐升額父子相繼有功，進一等果毅繼勇公。 高宗諭：「額亦都後已進一等公，其初封子爵仍紹封如故。」
E Yidu was first ennobled as first-rank commander-in-chief; under Kangxi the line inherited a first-rank jingqiniha fan; in Qianlong's first year it became a first-rank zi. Tuerge was enfeoffed separately as duke; his collateral descendant Arigun and Arigun's son Fengsheng'e, each adding to the family's merit, were raised to first-rank Guoyi Jiyong Gong. The Gaozong directed: "E Yidu's descendants have already been raised to first-rank duke, yet the original zi title shall continue to pass down the line as before."
13
費英東，瓜爾佳氏，蘇完部人。 父索爾果，為部長。 太祖起兵之六年，歲戊子，索爾果率所部五百戶來歸。 費英東時年二十有五，善射，引強弓十餘石。 忠直敢言，太祖使佐理政事，授一等大臣，以皇長子台吉褚英女妻焉。 兌沁巴顏者，費英東女兄之夫也，有逆謀，費英東擒而誅之。 旋授扎爾固齊，扎爾固齊職聽訟治民。
Fei Yingdong belonged to the Guwalgiya clan and came from the Suwan tribe. His father Suoerguo was chief of the tribe. In the sixth year of the Taizu's uprising, the wuzi year, Suoerguo brought five hundred households of his people to submit. Fei Yingdong was twenty-five at the time, a master archer who could bend a bow rated at more than ten piculs. Frank and fearless in counsel, he was set to help govern; the Taizu made him a first-rank great minister and gave him the eldest imperial son Taiji Cuying's daughter as wife. Duiqinbayan, who had married Fei Yingdong's elder sister, plotted treason; Fei Yingdong arrested him and put him to death. He was soon named Zargaci—an office charged with hearing suits and governing the people.
14
以歸。 歲戊戌正月，太祖？ 太祖命費英東伐瓦爾喀部，取噶嘉路，殺其酋阿球，降其命費英東從台吉褚英、巴雅喇，伐瓦爾喀部安褚拉庫路，將兵千，克屯寨二十餘，收所屬村落。 歲己亥秋九月，哈達、葉赫二部構兵，哈達貝勒孟格布祿乞援於太祖，太祖命費英東及噶蓋將兵二千戍哈達； 既而貳於明，費英東等以其謀聞，哈達以是亡。
Those who had submitted were sent home. In the first month of the wuxu year the Taizu ordered Fei Yingdong against the Warka: he took the Gajia route, killed the chief Aqiu, and brought the people in; then, with Taiji Cuying and Bayara, he marched on the Antulaku route with a thousand men, reduced more than twenty fortified villages, and brought every dependent settlement under control. In the ninth month of the jihai year Hada and Yehe went to war. The Hada beile Menggebulu begged the Taizu for help; the Taizu sent Fei Yingdong and Gagai with two thousand men to hold Hada; but Hada soon leaned toward the Ming. Fei Yingdong reported the treachery, and Hada was destroyed on that account.
15
歲丁未春正月，瓦爾喀部蜚悠城長策穆特黑請徙所部屬太祖，太祖命費英東從貝勒舒爾哈齊等將兵三千以往，收環城居民五百戶，分兵三百授扈爾漢，使護之先行。 烏喇貝勒布佔泰發兵萬人要諸途，費英東從諸貝勒督後軍至，大敗烏喇兵。 夏五月，太祖命費英東從貝勒巴雅喇伐渥集部，略赫席黑等路，俘二千人以還。 歲辛亥秋七月，渥集部烏爾古宸、木倫二路掠他路太祖所賜甲，太祖命費英東從台吉阿巴泰將千人討之，俘千餘人以還。 歲癸丑，從太祖伐烏喇，滅之。
In the first month of the dingwei year Cemutehei, chief of Feiyoucheng in the Warka, asked to bring his people under the Taizu. Fei Yingdong marched with Surhaci and other beiles and three thousand men, gathered five hundred households from the ring of settlements, detached three hundred soldiers for Hu Erhan, and sent him forward as escort. The Ula beile Buzhantai threw ten thousand men across the route. Fei Yingdong came up with the beiles at the rear and shattered the Ula force. In the fifth month of summer the Taizu sent him with Bayara against the Woji, sweeping the Hexihei and neighboring routes and returning with two thousand prisoners. In the seventh month of the xinhai year the Wuernchen and Mulun routes of the Woji raided armor the Taizu had granted another branch. Fei Yingdong marched with Taiji Abatai at the head of a thousand men, punished them, and brought back more than a thousand captives. In the guichou year he followed the Taizu against Ula and helped destroy it.
16
歲乙卯，太祖將建號，設八旗，命費英東隸鑲黃旗，為左翼固山額真； 置五大臣輔政，以命費英東，仍領一等大臣、扎爾固齊如故。 明年歲丙辰，太祖遂建國，改元天命。 三年，始用兵於明，費英東從攻撫順。 明總兵張承廕以萬騎來援，據險而陣，火器競發。 費英東馬驚旁逸，諸軍為之卻，費英東旋馬大呼，麾諸軍並進，遂破之。 太祖歎曰：「此真萬人敵也！」 四年，明大舉來侵，分道深入。 明總兵杜松屯薩爾滸山巔，費英東所部屬左翼，合諸旗奮擊破之，松戰死，明師以是沮敗。 秋八月，太祖伐葉赫，費英東從，薄其城，城人飛石投火。 太祖命且退，費英東曰：「我兵已薄城，安可退也？」 又命之，費英東曰：「城垂克，必毋退！」 遂拔其城。 太宗諭金台石降，費英東在側，相與詰責，卒獲金台石，葉赫以是破。
In the yimao year, as the Taizu prepared to proclaim his state and organize the Eight Banners, Fei Yingdong was assigned to the Bordered Yellow Banner as gushan ejen of the Left Wing; The Five Great Ministers were established to aid rule, and Fei Yingdong was one of them, retaining his first-rank great ministership and the Zargaci post unchanged. In the following year, bingchen, the Taizu proclaimed his state and adopted the reign title Tianming. In the third year he opened hostilities against the Ming; Fei Yingdong joined the assault on Fushun. Ming commander Zhang Chengyin rode to the rescue with ten thousand cavalry, formed on difficult ground, and poured musket fire into the lines. When Fei Yingdong's mount bolted sideways the whole line wavered; he turned back, roared, and drove every unit forward at once until the Ming force collapsed. The Taizu exclaimed, "Here is a man who could face ten thousand!" In the fourth year the Ming launched a major invasion, advancing in separate columns deep into our lands. Ming commander Du Song held the Sarhu heights; Fei Yingdong's division formed the Left Wing. The banners charged together and shattered the enemy; Song fell in battle and the Ming campaign collapsed. In the eighth month the Taizu marched on Yehe. Fei Yingdong went with him; when they closed on the walls the garrison rained stones and fire. The Taizu ordered a pullback. Fei Yingdong protested, "We are already at the walls—how can we pull back now?" When the order came again he said, "The city is within our grasp—we must not retreat!" They pressed the assault and took the city. The Taizong called on Jintai Shi to yield; Fei Yingdong stood beside him and both pressed the man with stern rebuke until Jintai Shi was captured and Yehe fell.
17
費英東事太祖，轉戰，每遇敵，身先士卒，戰必勝，攻必克，摧鋒陷陣，當者輒披靡； 國事有闕失，輒強諫，毅然不稍撓：佐太祖成帝業，功最高。 五年春三月，太祖定武功爵，授費英東三等總兵官。 是月，費英東卒，年五十有七。 方疾革，日向西，雲起，有聲鏗鍧，雷電雨雹交至，不移時而霽。 太祖將臨喪，諸貝勒以日晏諫，太祖曰：「吾股肱大臣，與同休戚，今先彫喪，吾能無悲乎？」 遂往，哭之慟，至夜分始還。 秋九月，太祖祭貝勒穆爾哈齊墓，出郊，因至費英東墓，躬奠酒者三，泣數行下。
In every campaign under the Taizu he met the enemy at the head of the column; battle brought victory, assault brought capture; he shattered formations and none who stood before him held firm; when policy faltered he spoke bluntly and would not bend; in helping the Taizu build the dynasty his merit stood above all others. In the third month of the fifth year the Taizu established military peerages and made Fei Yingdong a third-rank commander-in-chief. That same month Fei Yingdong died, aged fifty-seven. At the height of his illness the sun hung in the west when clouds gathered with a thunderous roar; lightning, rain, and hail struck together, then passed as quickly as they had come. The Taizu meant to go to the bier himself; the beiles pleaded that the hour was late. He said, "This man was my right hand; we shared weal and woe alike. He leaves before me—how could I not mourn?" He went, wept until he was spent, and did not return until far into the night. In the ninth month, after sacrificing at the tomb of Beile Murhaci, the Taizu went beyond the walls and stopped at Fei Yingdong's grave; he poured wine himself three times and wept until tears ran in streams.
18
天聰六年，太宗命追封直義公。 崇德元年，始建太廟，以費英東配享。 太宗嘗諭羣臣曰：「費英東見人不善，必先自斥責而後劾之； 見人之善，必先自獎勸而後舉之：被劾者無怨言，被舉者亦無驕色。 朕未聞諸臣以善惡直奏如斯人者也！」 順治十六年，世祖詔曰：「費英東事太祖，參贊廟謨，恢擴疆土，為開創佐命第一功臣。 延世之賞，勿稱其勳，命進爵為三等公。」 康熙九年，聖祖親為文勒碑墓道，稱其功冠諸臣，為一代元勳。 雍正九年，世宗命加封號曰信勇。 乾隆四十三年，高宗復命進爵為一等公。 費英東子十，圖賴自有傳。
In the sixth year of Tiancong the Taizong posthumously created him Duke Zhiyi. When the Imperial Ancestral Temple was first raised in the first year of Chongde, Fei Yingdong was given a share in its rites. The Taizong once told his officials, "When Fei Yingdong saw another's fault he rebuked himself first and only then brought accusation; when he saw merit he exhorted himself first and only then advanced the man. The accused harbored no grudge; the promoted showed no arrogance. I have never known a minister to lay good and evil so plainly before the throne as he did!" In the sixteenth year of Shunzhi the Shizu proclaimed: "Fei Yingdong served the Taizu, shaped grand strategy, and opened the realm—the first of the founding ministers. Let his house's hereditary reward stand apart from a mere tally of merit; advance his line to third-rank duke. The perpetual bounty shall not be measured only by his deeds; command that his rank be raised to third-rank duke." In the ninth year of Kangxi the Shengzu wrote the tomb-stele inscription himself, declaring his service supreme among the ministers and a founding pillar of the dynasty. In the ninth year of Yongzheng the Shizong added the posthumous style Xinyong. In the forty-third year of Qianlong the Gaozong raised the line again to first-rank duke. Fei Yingdong had ten sons; Tulai has a separate biography.
19
索海，費英東第六子，襲總兵官。 旋坐事，奪職。 太宗天聰五年，初置六部，授刑部承政。 七年，與兵部承政車爾格偵明邊，至錦州，有所俘馘，命管牛錄事。 崇德三年，更定部院官制，改都察院左參政。 十月，從太宗伐明，略大凌河，下屯堡十四，复授刑部承政。
Suo Hai, the sixth son of Fei Yingdong, inherited the commander-in-chief title. He was soon punished for misconduct and deprived of his post. In the Taizong's fifth year of Tiancong, when the Six Ministries were first set up, he was appointed head of the Ministry of Punishments. In the seventh year he joined War Minister Cheerge on a probe of the Ming frontier, reached Jinzhou with prisoners and trophies, and was put in charge of niru administration. In the third year of Chongde the ministries were reorganized and he became Left Censor of the Censorate. In the tenth month he followed the Taizong against the Ming, swept Dalinghe, reduced fourteen stockaded posts, and was again named Minister of Punishments.
20
四年，索倫部博木博果爾等降而復叛，命索海及工部承政薩木什喀帥師往討之，克雅克薩、兀庫爾二城。 進攻鐸陳城，博木博果爾以六千人來援，乘我師後，索海設伏以待，破敵，俘四百，乘勝入其壘，博木博果爾遁去。 索海率諸將攻掛喇爾屯，攻克之，屯兵五百，斬級二百，俘百三十還。 逐敵額蘇里屯西、額爾圖屯東，俘六千九百五十六人，牛羊駝馬稱是。 師還，命貝勒杜度、阿巴泰迎勞，太宗幸實勝寺，賜宴，敘功，授二等甲喇章京。 兵部劾索海行軍不立寨，俘有逋者，當奪賞，命貰之。
In the fourth year Bumboguoer of the Solon and others submitted and then rebelled; Suo Hai and Works Minister Samushika led troops against them and captured Yaksa and Wuku'er. When they advanced on Duochen, Bumboguoer brought six thousand reinforcements against their rear. Suo Hai laid an ambush, routed the enemy, seized four hundred captives, stormed the camp, and Bumboguoer fled. Suo Hai led the generals against Gualar tun, captured it, left five hundred men as garrison, killed two hundred of the enemy, and returned with one hundred thirty captives. Pursuing the foe west of Esuli tun and east of Eertu tun, they brought in 6,956 captives and livestock in like abundance. On their return Beiles Dudu and Abatai were sent to welcome them; the Taizong came to Shisheng Temple, feasted them, tallied merit, and granted second-rank jalan gusai. The War Ministry charged Suo Hai with failing to encamp on campaign and with lost prisoners; he should have forfeited his reward, but the throne pardoned the penalty.
21
六年春，從睿親王多爾袞等出師圍錦州，坐私遣官兵歸，離城遠屯，徵還，與譚泰、阿山、葉克書等皆罰鍰。 夏，復從多爾袞等出師圍錦州，城兵出行汲小凌河，索海以兵四百邀擊，斬九十餘級，遂從攻松山，擊破明軍。 時有敏惠恭和元妃之喪，索海召降將祖大樂俳優至其帳歌舞，刑部論索海當死，削職。 上使諭之曰：「爾既至篤恭殿及大清門前。」 索海遂坐廢，終太宗世不復用。 世祖順治二年，以副都統從征四川，卒於軍。 子多頗羅，以從入關擊流賊有勞，授牛錄章京，進一等甲喇章京。 十四年，從信郡王多尼徵雲南，戰死磨盤山。
In the sixth spring he joined Prince Regent Dorgon to besiege Jinzhou; for sending troops home without leave and pitching camp too far from the walls he was recalled, and he, Tantai, Ashan, Yekešu, and others were all fined. That summer he again besieged Jinzhou with Dorgon; when defenders went to the Xiaoling River for water Suo Hai ambushed them with four hundred men and killed more than ninety, then joined the assault on Songshan and routed the Ming force. During mourning for Consort Minhui Gonghe, Suo Hai had entertainers of the surrendered general Zu Dole perform in his tent; Punishments ruled death and removed him from office. The throne sent word: "You have already come as far as the Dugong Hall and the Daqing Gate—" Suo Hai was ruined by the scandal and was never employed again while the Taizong lived. In the Shizu's second year of Shunzhi he marched to Sichuan as vice dutong and died on campaign. His son Duopiluo, for service in entering the pass and fighting the roving rebels, received jalan gusai and was later raised to first-rank jalan gusai. In the fourteenth year he followed Prince Xin Duoni to Yunnan and fell at Mopanshan.
22
倭黑，費英東諸孫。 父察哈尼。 方索海嗣父爵而黜也，太宗以納海、圖賴分襲，既又以事奪爵，復以察哈尼襲。 尋改三等昂邦章京。 卒，子倭黑，襲。 世祖初元，從入關。 四年，復更定爵秩，改三等精奇尼哈番，遇恩詔累進一等。 十六年，進三等公，並授內大臣。 康熙八年，聖祖譴鼇拜，吏部議倭黑與同族，當黜，命罷內大臣，隸驍騎營。
Wohei was a grandson in Fei Yingdong's line. His father was Chahani. When Suo Hai inherited and was then dismissed, the Taizong split the title between Nohai and Tulai; when they too lost rank for offenses, Chahani inherited again. The title was soon changed to third-rank angbang janggin. On his death his son Wohei succeeded. At the opening of the Shizu's reign he marched through the pass into China proper. In the fourth year ranks were redefined; he held third-rank jingqiniha fan, and amnesty edicts raised him step by step. In the sixteenth year he was raised to third-rank duke and appointed grand minister of the interior. In Kangxi's eighth year, when the Shengzu moved against Oboi, the Board judged Wohei kin to the faction and due for removal; he lost his interior post and was assigned to the Vanguard Brigade.
23
吳三桂反，倭黑從征。 十三年，命以署副都統率兗州駐防兵，佐定南將軍希爾根進討，敗耿精忠將左宗邦於分宜，敗吳三桂將硃君聘、黃乃忠於袁州，遂收安福。 擊賊鸞石嶺、白水口，屢捷。 十五年，加太子太保。 從大將軍安親王岳樂复萍鄉，至長沙，擊敗吳三桂兵。 十六年，岳樂分兵授倭黑，令駐茶陵。 十七年，移屯攸縣。 十八年，從大將軍貝子彰泰下雲南，授鑲黃旗蒙古副都統。 雲南平，二十一年，擢都統。 議政大臣議諸將帥功罪，以倭黑擊賊長沙嘗引退，當譴，命罷太子太保。 三十年，卒。 子傅爾丹，自有傳。
When Wu Sangui rose in rebellion Wohei took the field. In the thirteenth year he was named acting vice dutong, led the Yanzhou garrison, and aided Pacifier of the South Xiergen; he beat Zuo Zongbang of Geng Jingzhong at Fenyi and Zhu Junpin and Huang Naizhong of Wu Sangui at Yuanzhou, then recovered Anfu. At Luanshiling and Baishuikou he struck the rebels again and again with success. In the fifteenth year he received the title Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent. He followed Commander Prince An Yuele in retaking Pingxiang, advanced to Changsha, and routed Wu Sangui's force. In the sixteenth year Yuele gave Wohei a separate command and stationed him at Chaling. In the seventeenth year he shifted his camp to Youxian. In the eighteenth year he followed Commander Prince Zhangtai into Yunnan and was made Mongol vice dutong of the Bordered Yellow Banner. After Yunnan was pacified, in the twenty-first year he was promoted to dutong. Councilors reviewed the generals' merits and faults; because Wohei had once withdrawn at Changsha he was censured and lost the Grand Guardian title. He died in the thirtieth year. His son Fuerdan has a separate biography.
24
何和禮，棟鄂氏，其先自瓦爾喀遷於棟鄂，別為一部，因以地為姓。 何和禮祖曰克徹巴顏，父曰額勒吉，兄曰屯珠魯巴顏，世為其部長。 何和禮年二十六，代兄長其部。 棟鄂部素強，克徹巴顏與章甲城長阿哈納相仇怨。 阿哈納，興祖諸孫，為「寧古塔」六貝勒之一。 棟鄂屢侵寧古塔，寧古塔借兵哈達伐棟鄂，互攻掠。
He Heli belonged to the Donggo clan. His forebears had moved from Warka to Donggo, formed a separate tribe, and took the place-name as their clan. His grandfather was Kezhebayan, his father Eleji, his elder brother Tunzhulubayan; for generations they had headed the tribe. At twenty-six He Heli succeeded his brother as tribal chief. The Donggo had long been powerful; Kezhebayan and Ahana, chief of Zhangjiacheng, nursed a bitter feud. Ahana, a descendant of Xingzu, was one of the six beiles of Ningguta. Donggo raided Ningguta again and again; Ningguta borrowed Hada troops to strike back, and the two sides harried one another.
25
太祖初起兵，聞何和禮所部兵馬精壯，乃加禮招致之。 歲戊子，太祖納哈達女為妃，行。 比還，遂以所部來附，太祖以長女妻焉。 何和禮故有妻，挾所部留故？ 何和禮率三十騎地者，求與何和禮戰，太祖面諭之，乃罷兵降。 旗制初定，何和禮所部隸紅旗，為本旗總管。 歲戊申，從太祖徵烏喇，率本旗兵破敵有功。 歲辛亥，太祖命與額亦都、扈爾漢將兵伐渥集部虎爾哈路，克扎庫塔城。 歲癸丑，從太祖再徵烏喇。 太祖招諭布佔泰，猶冀其悛悔，何和禮與諸貝勒力請進攻，遂滅烏喇。 天命建元，旗制更定，何和禮所部隸正紅旗。 置五大臣，何和禮與焉。 四年，從破明經略楊鎬。 六年，下瀋陽、遼陽，何和禮皆在行間，敘功，授三等總兵官。 九年八月，卒，年六十有四。 時費英東、額亦都、安費揚古、扈爾漢皆前卒，太祖哭之慟，曰：「朕所與並肩友好諸大臣，何不遺一人以送朕老耶？」 太宗朝，進爵為三等公。 順治十二年，追諡溫順，勒石紀功。 雍正九年，加封號曰勇勤。 子六。
When the Taizu first took up arms he heard that He Heli's warriors and horses were first-rate and sent him marked honors to win him over. In the wuzi year the Taizu married a daughter of Hada and set out on the wedding journey. On the way back He Heli brought his whole tribe to submit, and the Taizu gave him his eldest princess as wife. He Heli already had a wife who held part of the tribe back in the old lands. The people left behind demanded a fight with He Heli; the Taizu rebuked them face to face until they laid down arms and submitted. When the banners were first organized his people entered the Plain Red Banner and he became its chief. In the wushen year he joined the Taizu against Ula and led his banner to defeat the enemy with credit. In the xinhai year the Taizu sent him with E Yidu and Hu Erhan against the Hu'erha route of the Woji; they captured Zhakuta. In the guichou year he joined the Taizu's second expedition against Ula. The Taizu still hoped Buzhantai might repent and urged him to submit; He Heli and the beiles pressed for an assault, and Ula was destroyed. At the founding of Tianming, when the banners were redrawn, his people were assigned to the Plain Red Banner. When the Five Great Ministers were named, He Heli stood among them. In the fourth year he joined the victory over Ming Grand Coordinator Yang Hao. In the sixth year Shenyang and Liaoyang were taken; He Heli marched throughout and was made third-rank commander-in-chief for his service. In the eighth month of the ninth year he died, aged sixty-four. Fei Yingdong, E Yidu, Anfiyanggu, and Hu Erhan had all gone before him. The Taizu wept bitterly and said, "Of the ministers who stood shoulder to shoulder with me, could not one have stayed to see me into old age?" Under the Taizong his line was raised to third-rank duke. In the twelfth year of Shunzhi he received the posthumous name Wenshun and a stone was carved to his honor. In the ninth year of Yongzheng the supplemental style Yongqin was added. He left six sons.
26
多積禮，何和禮次子。 初授牛錄額真。 事四貝勒，從伐烏拉。 天聰間，擢甲喇額真。 從伐錦州，圍大凌河，授游擊世職。 崇德元年，帥師伐東海瓦爾喀部，俘壯丁三百餘，擢本旗梅勒額真。 四年，與鎮國公扎喀納率兵屯籓、屏二城間，卒竊馬遁去，追之勿及。 論罪，奪世職，籍沒，上命留弓矢、甲胄及三馬，仍領梅勒額真事。 六年，從擊洪承疇，率騎兵循。 七年，以老罷。 順治五年，卒。
Duo Jili was He Heli's second son. He was first made niru daikan. He attended the Fourth Beile and joined the war against Ula. In the Tiancong era he rose to jalan daikan. He marched on Jinzhou, helped besiege Dalinghe, and received a hereditary guerrilla command. In Chongde's first year he commanded against the Eastern Sea Warka, brought back more than three hundred fighting men, and was made meiren daikan of his banner. In the fourth year he camped between Fan and Ping with Prince Guoguo Zhakana; a trooper stole horses and escaped beyond pursuit. Convicted, he forfeited his hereditary post and his goods were seized; the throne let him keep bow, arrows, armor, and three horses, and he continued as meiren daikan. In the sixth year he joined the campaign against Hong Chengchou and led cavalry in coastal pursuit. In the seventh year he stepped down on account of age. He died in the fifth year of Shunzhi.
27
和碩圖，何和禮四子。 初襲三等總兵官。 太祖以大貝勒代善女妻焉，號和碩額駙。 太宗即位，授正紅旗固山額真。 天聰元年，從擊朝鮮，又從伐明，攻錦州、寧遠有功。 二年，從貝勒阿巴泰帥師破錦州、杏山、松山諸路。 九月，复伐察哈爾，克其四路軍。 以功加五牛錄，進爵三等公。 三年，從貝勒岳託帥師攻大安口，敗明戍兵於馬蘭峪，再敗明援兵於石門寨。 復從太宗攻遵化，率本旗兵攻其城西北，克之。 師薄燕京，結營土城關，明兵來攻，擊卻之。 复敗明師於盧溝橋，與副都統阿山等陣斬明武經略滿桂、總兵孫祖壽，獲黑雲龍、麻登雲。 師旋，克永平，帥騎兵守灤州。 五年，從圍大凌河城，以本旗兵當其西北。 明兵突圍出，與都統葉臣等夾擊破之，追奔及城壕而還。 七年，上詢伐明及朝鮮、察哈爾三國何先，和碩圖疏言：「宜先葺治諸城堡，乃覘明邊，乘瑕而入。 若天佑我，各城納款，勢不能速歸，南界六城，立界屯耕，修築可差後。 慮我兵既出，敵伺其隙，鞭長不及，難為援也。 瀋陽、牛莊、耀州三城宜先繕完，庶邊界內外皆可長驅。」 七月，和碩圖卒，上親臨哭之。 順治十二年，追諡端恪。
Heshuotu was He Heli's fourth son. He first succeeded to third-rank commander-in-chief. The Taizu married him to Daishan's daughter and styled him Heshuo Efu, imperial son-in-law. At the Taizong's accession he became gushan ejen of the Plain Red Banner. In Tiancong's first year he joined the Korean expedition and the Ming campaigns, distinguishing himself at Jinzhou and Ningyuan. In the second year he marched with Beile Abatai and broke the Jinzhou, Xingshan, and Songshan lines. In the ninth month he campaigned again against Chahar and overthrew its four-route force. For his service five niru were added and he was raised to third-rank duke. In the third year he followed Beile Yuetuo against Da'ankou, routed Ming defenders at Malanyu, and beat Ming reinforcements at Shimenzhai. He joined the Taizong again at Zunhua, led his banner against the northwest wall, and carried the place. The army closed on Yanjing and pitched camp at Tuchengguan; when Ming forces attacked they were thrown back. He routed Ming troops again at Lugou Bridge; with Ashan and other officers he killed Man Gui, Ming commissioner of military affairs, and Sun Zushou in the line, and took Heiyunlong and Madengyun prisoner. On the return march Yongping fell; he commanded cavalry to garrison Luanzhou. In the fifth year he helped besiege Dalinghe with his banner on the northwest sector. When Ming troops sallied out he and Dutong Yechen caught them in a pincer, shattered them, chased them to the moat, and withdrew. In the seventh year the court asked which enemy to strike first—Ming, Korea, or Chahar. Heshuotu advised: "Repair the frontier forts first, then watch the Ming border and strike wherever it is weak. If Heaven favors us and towns yield, we cannot march home at once; garrison and farm the six southern border posts—those works can come later. But once our armies are abroad the enemy will watch for gaps; aid cannot reach them in time. Finish Shenyang, Niuzhuang, and Yaozhou first, so the whole frontier, within and without, lies open to a long advance." He died in the seventh month and the sovereign mourned at his bier in person. In the twelfth year of Shunzhi he received the posthumous name Duankuo.
28
都類，何和禮第五子，公主出也。 初為牛錄額真，洊擢本旗固山額真。 以公主子，增領兩牛錄。 崇德元年，從太宗伐朝鮮，薄漢城，先登，城潰，率阿禮哈超哈兵入城搜剿。 以失察所部違法亂行，罰鍰，奪所分俘獲。 三年，從貝勒岳託伐明，次密雲牆子嶺。 明將以三千人來拒，都類與譚泰督部將夾擊，大敗之，獲馬百、駝二十。 軍分四道進，所當輒摧破，略地至濟南而還。 四年，從鄭親王濟爾哈朗圍錦州，坐所部退縮，又受蒙古饋遺，罰鍰。 未幾，所部訐告都類在山東時，縱廝養盜馬，私發明德王埋藏珍物，坐論死，上貸之，奪職，籍沒。 八年，復起為固山額真，鎮錦州。 順治三年，從肅親王豪格徵張獻忠，分兵定慶陽，會師西充，擊殺獻忠，與貝勒尼堪等戡定川北州縣。 師還，論功，並遇恩詔，累進二等伯。 十三年，卒。
Dulei was He Heli's fifth son, child of the imperial princess. He began as niru daikan and rose step by step to gushan ejen of his banner. As the princess's son he was given two extra niru. In Chongde's first year he joined the Korean campaign, closed on Hancheng, and was first over the wall; when it fell he led Alha Chaoha men through the streets to hunt down resistance. Because his troops had run wild without restraint he was fined and lost his share of prisoners. In the third year he followed Beile Yuetuo against the Ming and camped at Miyun Qiangziling. A Ming officer advanced with three thousand men; Dulei and Tantai directed a double envelopment, crushed them, and seized a hundred horses and twenty camels. The army moved in four columns, shattered every force in its path, and raided as far as Jinan before turning home. In the fourth year he joined Prince Zheng Jirhalang at Jinzhou; his men had given ground and he had taken Mongol gifts, so he was fined. Soon his men accused him of letting servants steal horses in Shandong and opening Prince Mingde's buried treasure; death was the sentence, but the throne spared his life, stripped his post, and seized his goods. In the eighth year he was brought back as gushan ejen to hold Jinzhou. In Shunzhi's third year he marched with Prince Su Haoge against Zhang Xianzhong, detached a force to take Qingyang, united at Xichong, killed Xianzhong, and with Beile Nikan pacified northern Sichuan. On return his merit was tallied; grace edicts raised him repeatedly to second-rank count. He died in the thirteenth year.
29
安費揚古，覺爾察氏，世居瑚濟寨。 父完布祿，事太祖，有章甲、尼麻喇人誘之叛，不從，又劫其孫以要之，終無貳志。 安費揚古少事太祖。 旗制定，隸滿洲鑲藍旗。
Anfiyanggu belonged to the Juercha clan; his people had long lived at the Huji stockade. His father Wanbulu served the Taizu. Zhangjia and Nimara men tempted him to rebel, but he refused; they even seized his grandson to force him, yet he never wavered. Anfiyanggu had served the Taizu since boyhood. When the banners were organized he entered the Manchu Bordered Blue Banner.
30
歲癸未，太祖兵初起，仇尼堪外蘭，克圖倫城，攻甲版。 薩爾滸城長諾米訥、柰喀達陰助尼堪外蘭，漏師期，尼堪外蘭得遁去。 太祖憾諾米訥、柰喀達，執而殺之，使安費揚古率兵取其城。 康嘉者，太祖再從兄弟也，惎太祖英武，與羣從謀以哈達兵至，俾兆佳城長李岱為導，劫瑚濟寨。 既，引去，安費揚古方獵，聞有兵，與巴遜以十二人追及，擊破之。 歲甲申正月，從太祖攻兆佳城，獲李岱。 其黨李古里扎泰走附汪泰，安費揚古以太祖命往諭，並汪泰降之。 六月，從太祖攻馬兒墩寨，寨負險，守者甚備，矢石雜下，攻三日不克。 安費揚古夜率兵自間道攀崖而上，拔其寨。 歲丁亥六月，太祖伐哲陳部，八月，克洞城，歲戊子九月，克王甲城，安費揚古皆從戰有功。 尋攻克章甲、尼麻喇、赫徹穆諸城，又取香潭寨； 其長李墩拜湖遁走，追及於碩郭之陽，俘以獻。 歲癸巳六月，太祖略哈達富爾佳齊寨。 師還，太祖躬勒兵以殿，哈達貝勒孟格布祿率騎追至，一騎出太祖前，太祖方引弓射，復有三騎突至，太祖馬幾墜，三騎揮刀來犯，安費揚古截擊，盡斬之； 太祖亦射孟格布祿中馬踣，敵騎敗走。 太祖嘉其勇，賜號碩翁科羅巴圖魯。 九月，太祖既破九部師，閏十一月，命與額亦都、噶蓋等攻訥殷路佛多和山寨，斬其長搜穩塞克什。 歲己亥九月，從太祖滅哈達。
In the guiwei year, when the Taizu first took up arms, he campaigned against Nikhan Wailan, stormed Tulun, and attacked Jiaban. Nuomine and Naikada of Sarhü secretly helped Nikhan Wailan and revealed the date of our march, letting him escape. The Taizu hated Nuomine and Naikada, executed them, and sent Anfiyanggu to take their city. Kangjia, the Taizu's second cousin, envied his prowess and plotted with kinsmen to bring Hada troops; Li Dai of Zhaojia would guide a raid on Huji. When they withdrew Anfiyanggu was hunting; hearing soldiers abroad he and Bassun with twelve men overtook and routed them. In the first month of the jiashen year he joined the Taizu against Zhaojia and took Li Dai. The partisan Liguli Zhatai fled to Wangtai; Anfiyanggu went under orders to summon him, and Wangtai submitted as well. In the sixth month he joined the assault on Maerdun; the place was steep, the defense stout, and arrows and stones poured down for three days without success. Anfiyanggu climbed by night along a hidden path and stormed the stockade. In the sixth month of dinghai the Taizu struck the Zhecen; in the eighth month Dong fell; in the ninth month of wuzi Wangjia fell—Anfiyanggu fought in each with credit. He next reduced Zhangjia, Nimara, Hechemu, and other towns, and seized Xiangtan stockade; its chief Li Dunbaihu fled but was caught on the sunny side of Shuoguo and brought in captive. In the sixth month of the guisi year the Taizu overran the Hada Fuerjiaqi stockade. On the return the Taizu led the rearguard himself. Menggebulu of Hada pursued with cavalry. One rider darted ahead while the Taizu strung his bow; three more charged in and nearly unhorsed him; Anfiyanggu cut them all down; the Taizu also shot Menggebulu's mount from under him and the enemy horsemen fled. The Taizu praised his valor and gave him the title Suowenkolo Baturu. In the ninth month, after the nine-tribe coalition was broken, in the intercalary eleventh month he joined E Yidu and Gagai against the Neyinlu stockade on Mount Foduohe and beheaded Suwensakexi. In the ninth month of the jihai year he followed the Taizu in destroying Hada.
31
歲辛亥七月，命與台吉阿巴泰等伐渥集部烏爾古宸、木倫二路，取其地，俘其人以歸。 歲癸丑正月，從太祖滅烏喇，師薄城，安費揚古執纛先登。 尋置五大臣，安費揚古與焉。 天命元年七月，命與扈爾漢帥師伐東海薩哈連部，至兀爾簡河，刳木為舟，水陸並進，取河南北三十六寨。 八月丁巳，師至黑龍江之陽，江水常以九月始冰，是日當駐師處獨冰，寬將六十步，若浮梁。 安費揚古曰：「此天佑我國也！」 策騎先涉，眾競從之，遂取江北十一寨，降使犬、諾洛、石拉忻三路。 三年四月，太祖取撫順，明總兵張承廕等赴援，分為三營，安費揚古擊其左營，大破之，遂乘勝取三岔兒諸堡。 四年，破明經略楊鎬，滅葉赫。 六年，取瀋陽、遼陽。 安費揚古皆在行間。
In the seventh month of the xinhai year he marched with Taiji Abatai against the Wuernchen and Mulun routes of the Woji, took their lands, and returned with prisoners. In the first month of the guichou year he helped destroy Ula; when the army closed on the walls he took the standard and was first over. When the Five Great Ministers were named, Anfiyanggu stood among them. In the seventh month of Tianming's first year he and Hu Erhan led troops against the Eastern Sea Sahalian; at the Wuerjian they hollowed logs into boats, advanced by land and water, and took thirty-six stockades on both banks. On dingsi of the eighth month they reached the south bank of the Amur. The river normally freezes in the ninth month; that day alone ice formed sixty paces wide where they camped, like a bridge of planks. Anfiyanggu cried, "Heaven is aiding our state!" He rode first across; the whole army followed; they took eleven northern stockades and received the Quan, Nuoluo, and Shilaxin routes. In the fourth month of the third year Fushun fell; Zhang Chengyin and other Ming commanders came in three camps; Anfiyanggu shattered the left camp and swept on to the Sancha'er forts. In the fourth year he helped defeat Yang Hao and destroy Yehe. In the sixth year Shenyang and Liaoyang fell. Anfiyanggu marched in every campaign.
32
七年七月，卒，年六十四。 順治十六年，追諡敏壯，立碑紀其功。 太宗嘗諭羣臣曰：「昔達海、庫爾？ 勸朕用漢衣冠，朕謂非用武所宜。 我等寬袍大袖，有如安費揚古、勞薩其人者，挺身突入，能御之乎？」 當日猛士如雲，而二人尤傑出雲。
He died in the seventh month of the seventh year, aged sixty-four. In the sixteenth year of Shunzhi he received the posthumous name Minzhuang and a monument was raised to his deeds. The Taizong once told his officials, "Long ago Dahai and Kurha urged me to adopt Han dress, but I said that was no fit way to wage war. We wear wide coats and long sleeves; when men like Anfiyanggu and Laosa plunge in bodily, who can stand against them?" In those days warriors crowded the field like clouds, yet these two towered above the rest.
33
子達爾岱、阿爾岱、碩爾輝。 達爾岱以甲喇額眞事太宗。 伐明，攻大凌河，守臧家堡，取錦州、寧遠，徵朝鮮，皆有功。 順治二年，授拖沙喇哈番。 七年，追敘<ref>“敘”，原典作“敍”。 </ref>安費揚古功，進一等阿達哈哈番。 康熙五十二年，聖祖念安費揚古開國勳，別授三等阿達哈哈番，令其孫明岱分襲。 阿爾岱子都爾德及碩爾輝孫遜塔，皆有功，受爵世祖朝，別有傳。
His sons were Daerdai, Aerdai, and Shuoerhui. Daerdai served the Taizong as jalan daikan. Against the Ming he fought at Dalinghe, held Zangjiabao, took Jinzhou and Ningyuan, and campaigned in Korea with credit each time. In the second year of Shunzhi he received tosahala ha fan. In the seventh year, when Anfiyanggu's merit was tallied, the source uses an alternate character for "record" that the editors note. He was raised to first-rank adahaba fan. In Kangxi's fifty-second year the Shengzu, mindful of Anfiyanggu's founding service, granted a separate third-rank adahaba fan for his grandson Mingdai to share the succession. Aerdai's son Duerde and Shuoerhui's grandson Sunta also won distinction and ranks under the Shizu; each has his own biography.
34
扈爾漢，佟佳氏，世居雅爾古寨。 父扈喇虎，與族人相仇，率所部來歸，是歲戊子，。 旗制定，隸滿洲正白？ 太祖起兵之六年也，扈爾漢年十三，太祖養以為子。 稍長，使為侍旗。 扈爾漢感太祖撫育恩，誓效死，戰輒為前鋒。
Hu Erhan belonged to the Tong clan; his family had long lived at Yaergu stockade. His father Hulahu feuded with his clan and brought his people to submit in the wuzi year. When the banners were organized he was enrolled in the Manchu Plain White Banner. In the sixth year of the uprising Hu Erhan was thirteen; the Taizu raised him as his own son. When he came of age he was made an attendant of the imperial banner. Grateful for the Taizu's care, he swore to die in his service and always fought in the van.
35
瓦爾喀部蜚悠城初屬烏喇，貝勒布佔泰待之虐，丁未正月，城長策穆特黑請徙附太祖，太祖命貝勒舒爾哈齊等將三千人迎之，扈爾漢從。 既至蜚悠城，收環城屯寨凡五百戶，使扈爾漢與揚古利率兵三百，護以前行。 布佔泰發兵萬人邀諸路，扈爾漢結寨山巔，使蜚悠城之。 自率二百人與烏喇兵萬人各據山為陣，相持，使馳告後軍，翼日烏喇悉眾來戰，揚古利迎擊，烏喇兵稍退，會後軍至，奮擊，大破之。 夏五月，太祖命貝勒巴雅喇將千人伐渥集部，扈爾漢從，取赫席黑俄漠和蘇魯、佛訥赫拕克索三路，俘二千人。 己酉冬十二月，復命扈爾漢將千人伐渥集部，取滹野路，收二千戶以還，太祖嘉其功，賚甲胄及馬，賜號「達爾漢」。 辛亥冬十二月，復命扈爾漢及何和禮、額亦都將二千人伐渥集部虎爾哈路，克扎庫塔城，斬千餘級，俘二千人； 撫環近諸路，收五百戶以還。 癸丑，太祖討烏喇，扈爾漢及諸將皆從戰，奪門入，遂滅烏喇。 太祖置五大臣，扈爾漢與焉。
Feiyoucheng in the Warka had lain under Ula until Buzhantai mistreated it. In the first month of dingwei its chief Cemutehei asked to join the Taizu; Surhaci and other beiles went with three thousand men to receive the people, and Hu Erhan marched with them. At Feiyoucheng they gathered five hundred households from the ring of settlements and sent Hu Erhan with Yangguli and three hundred men to escort them ahead. Buzhantai threw ten thousand men across the roads. Hu Erhan entrenched on the heights and brought the five hundred Feiyoucheng households who had submitted under the camp's protection. He kept two hundred men with him while ten thousand Ula soldiers held the hills opposite. He sent word to the rear. Next day the Ula came in full strength; Yangguli met them and forced a pause; when the main body arrived the charge broke them completely. In the fifth month the Taizu sent Bayara with a thousand men against the Woji; Hu Erhan went along, swept Hexihei, Emohesulu, and Fonehetuokesuo, and brought back two thousand captives. In the twelfth month of jiyou he again led a thousand men against the Woji, took the Huye route, and returned with two thousand households. The Taizu rewarded him with armor and horses and gave him the title Dalahan. In the twelfth month of xinhai he marched again with He Heli and E Yidu and two thousand men against the Hu'erha route of the Woji; they stormed Zhakuta, killed more than a thousand, and took two thousand prisoners; they pacified the nearby routes and escorted five hundred households home. In the guichou year the Taizu struck Ula; Hu Erhan and the other commanders fought through the gates and brought Ula down. When the Five Great Ministers were created, Hu Erhan was one of them.
36
先是太祖與明盟，畫界，戒民毋竊逾，違者殺毋赦。 至天命初將十年，明民越境採參鑿礦，取樹木果蔬，殆歲有之。 太祖使扈爾漢行邊，遇明民逾塞，取而殺之，凡五十餘輩。 太祖遣綱古里、方吉納如廣寧，廣寧巡撫李維翰系諸獄，而使來責言，且求殺逾塞民者，太祖拒不許。 既乃取葉赫俘十人戮撫順關下，明亦釋使者。 是年秋七月，太祖命扈爾漢及安費揚古將二千人伐薩哈連部，道收兀爾簡河南北三十六寨； 遂進攻薩哈連部，取十一寨，降其三路。 語詳安費揚古傳。
Earlier the Taizu had made peace with the Ming and marked a border, forbidding his people to cross it for plunder on pain of death. Within ten years of Tianming, Ming subjects were crossing yearly to dig ginseng and ore and strip timber and fruit. The Taizu sent Hu Erhan to patrol the frontier; whenever he found Ming subjects beyond the barrier he killed them—more than fifty bands in all. The Taizu sent Ganguli and Fangjina to Guangning; Grand Coordinator Li Weihan jailed them and demanded the men who had killed border-crossers; the Taizu refused. He then executed ten Yehe prisoners beneath Fushun Pass; the Ming in turn released the envoys. That seventh month the Taizu sent Hu Erhan and Anfiyanggu with two thousand men against Sahalian; en route they reduced thirty-six stockades on both banks of the Wuerjian; then pressed on against Sahalian, took eleven stockades, and received three routes in submission. The fuller account appears in the biography of Anfiyanggu.
37
四年春二月，明經略楊鎬大舉四道來侵，三月，太祖督軍御之，扈爾漢從貝勒阿敏先行，與明游擊喬一琦遇，擊敗之。 時朝鮮出軍助明，其帥姜弘立屯孤拉庫嶺，一琦收殘卒匿朝鮮營。 扈爾漢從諸貝勒擊明軍，戰於薩爾滸，破明將杜松等； 戰於尚間崖，破明將馬林等：扈爾漢皆在行間。 明將劉綎自寬奠入董鄂路，牛錄額真托保等戰不利。 扈爾漢帥師與托保合軍，憑隘為伏，諸貝勒軍出瓦爾喀什林。 劉綎將率兵登阿布達里岡為陣，扈爾漢引軍扼其衝，諸貝勒繼至，東西夾擊，破之，綎戰死，明兵遂熸。 五年，太祖取瀋陽，扈爾漢從擊明總兵賀世賢等，敗之。 歷加世職至三等總兵官。 八年冬十月，卒，年甫四十？ 八，太祖親臨其喪。
In the second month of the fourth year Yang Hao invaded on four roads; in the third month the Taizu took the field and Hu Erhan marched ahead with Beile Amin, meeting and defeating Ming guerrilla Qiao Yiqi. Korea had sent aid to the Ming; Jiang Hongli held Gulakuling while Yiqi hid his survivors in the Korean camp. Hu Erhan followed the beiles against the Ming host, fought at Sarhu, and broke Du Song and the other Ming commanders; fought at Shangjianya and broke Ma Lin and the others—Hu Erhan was in the line throughout. Ming commander Liu Ting entered from Kuandian along the Dong'e route; Tuobao and other niru officers fought without success. Hu Erhan united with Tuobao, set an ambush in a defile, while the beiles' main force came through Walikashilin. Liu Ting was forming on Abudali Gang when Hu Erhan blocked the approach; the beiles came up on both flanks, shattered his force, and killed Ting on the field until the Ming army was wiped out. In the fifth year Shenyang fell; Hu Erhan joined the strike against He Shixian and other Ming commanders and routed them. He rose through successive honors to third-rank commander-in-chief. He died in the tenth month of the eighth year, only forty years old. The Taizu mourned at his funeral in person.
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扈爾漢諸子：渾塔襲三等總兵官，其後不著； 準塔別有傳； 阿拉密襲準塔世職，附見準塔傳。
Of Hu Erhan's sons, Hunta inherited third-rank commander-in-chief, but the later line is not recorded; Zhunta has his own biography; Alami succeeded to Zhunta's hereditary post, as noted in Zhunta's biography.
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論曰：國初置五大臣以理政聽訟，有征伐則帥師以出，蓋實兼將帥之重焉。 額亦都歸太祖最早，巍然元從，戰閥亦最多。 費英東尤以忠讜著，歷朝褒許，稱佐命第一。 何和禮、安費揚古、扈爾漢後先奔走，共成篳路藍縷之烈，積三十年，輔成大業，功施爛然。 太祖建號後，諸子皆長且才，故五大臣沒而四大貝勒執政。 他塔喇希福祖羅屯，傳言列五大臣，或初闕員時嘗簡補歟？ 草昧傳聞，蓋不可深考矣。
The commentator writes: At the dynasty's founding the Five Great Ministers governed and judged suits, and led armies when war came—they truly united civil rule with command of the field. E Yidu came to the Taizu before any other, stood as a founding pillar of the first companions, and left the longest record of battles. Fei Yingdong was famed above all for blunt loyalty; every reign called him the first of the founding assistants. He Heli, Anfiyanggu, and Hu Erhan served in turn through thirty years of hardship, building the enterprise until their deeds shone together. Once the Taizu had proclaimed his state his sons were grown and able; when the Five Great Ministers were gone the Four Great Beiles ruled in their place. Tradition names Luotun, ancestor of Tatara Xifu, among the Five Great Ministers—perhaps a seat was filled when one was first left empty? Such rumors from the founding days cannot be traced with certainty.