Volume 231 Biographies 18: Tong Yang Xing, Li Yongfang, Shi Tingzhu, Ma Guangyuan, Li Sizhong, Jin Yuhe

列傳十八

Biography 18

佟養性孫國瑤李永芳石廷柱馬光遠弟光輝李思忠子廕祖廕祖子鈵金玉和子維城王一屏一屏子國光國光子永譽孫得功張士彥士彥子朝璘金礪

Tong Yangxing; his grandson Guoyao; Li Yongfang; Shi Tingzhu; Ma Guangyuan and his younger brother Guanghui; Li Sizhong, his son Yinzu, his grandson Zuyinzi, and Zuyinzi's son Bin; Jin Yuhe and his son Weicheng; Wang Yiping, Yiping's son Guoguang, and Guoguang's son Yongyu; Sun Degong; Zhang Shiyan and Shiyan's son Chaolin; and Jin Li.

佟養性，遼東人。先世本滿洲，居佟佳，以地為氏。有達爾哈齊者，入明邊為商，自開原徙撫順，遂家焉。天命建元，太祖日益盛強。養性潛輸款，為明邊吏所察，置之獄，脫出，歸太祖。太祖妻以宗女，號「施吾理額駙」，授三等副將。從克遼東，進二等總兵官。

Tong Yangxing was from Liaodong. His forebears were Manchu who lived at Tongjia and took that place name as their clan. A forebear named Darhachi crossed into Ming territory as a trader, relocated from Kaiyuan to Fushun, and settled there. After the Tianming era was proclaimed, Taizu grew steadily more powerful. Yangxing secretly pledged himself to Taizu; Ming border officials detected this, jailed him, but he broke free and went over to Taizu. Taizu married him to a clanswoman, styled him Shiwuli Efu, and made him a third-rank deputy general. After the conquest of eastern Liaodong he was promoted to second-rank commander.

太祖用兵於明，明邊吏民歸者，籍丁壯為兵。至太宗天聰間，始別置一軍，國語號「烏真超哈」。五年正月，命養性為昂邦章京，諭曰：「漢人軍民諸政，付爾總理，各官受節制。爾其殫厥忠，簡善黜惡，卹兵撫民，毋徇親故，毋蔑疏遠。昔廉頗、藺相如共為將相，以爭班秩，幾至嫌釁。賴相如舍私奉國，能使令名焜耀於今日。爾尚克效之！」又諭諸漢官曰：「漢人軍民諸政，命額駙佟養性總理，各官受節制。其有勢豪嫉妒不從命者，非特藐養性，是輕國體、褻法令也，必譴毋赦！如能謹守約束，先公後私，壹意為國，則爾曹令名亦永垂後世矣。」

Whenever Taizu fought Ming, Han officials and people who came over were enrolled and their able men pressed into service. Not until Taizong's Tiancong reign was a distinct corps formed, known in Manchu as the Ujencooha. In the first month of the fifth year Yangxing was named Angbang Zhangjing and told: "All Han civil and military affairs are placed in your charge; every officer answers to you. Serve with your whole loyalty; elevate the worthy and remove the corrupt; care for soldiers and reassure the people; show no favor to kin, and do not scorn those far from you. Long ago Lian Po and Lin Xiangru held high civil and military office yet quarreled over rank until they nearly came to open rancor. Because Xiangru set private grievance aside for the realm, their good names still shine today. You must be able to do likewise!" He also told the Han officers: "Han civil and military affairs are entrusted to Efu Tong Yangxing; you are all under his authority. Any powerful man who, out of jealousy, refuses to obey does not merely slight Yangxing—he insults the state and defies its laws, and shall be punished without mercy! If you keep discipline, put the public good first, and serve the realm with undivided purpose, your own good names will endure for generations."

是歲，初鑄砲，使養性為監。砲成，銘其上曰「天祐助威大將軍」，凡四十具。師行則車載以從，養性掌焉。八月，上伐明，圍大凌河城。養性率所部載砲越走錦州道為營，擊城西台，台兵降；又擊城南，壞睥睨；翌日，擊城東台，台圮，台兵夜遁，盡殲之。九月，明兵出關援錦州，上遣親軍迎擊，養性以所部兵五百從，敵潰遁。明監軍道張春合諸路兵援大凌河，夜戰，上督騎兵擊破之。方追奔，明潰兵复陣，上命養性屯敵壘東，發砲毀敵壘。十月，攻於子章台，發砲擊台上堞，台兵多死者。十一月，祖大壽以大凌河降，上命盡籍城中所儲槍砲彈藥付養性。尋率兵隳明所置台壕，自大凌河至於廣寧。

That year the first cannon were cast, with Yangxing placed in charge of the work. When they were ready, each was inscribed "General Tianyou Zhuwei"; forty pieces were made in all. On campaign they were hauled on wagons under Yangxing's command. In the eighth month the sovereign marched against Ming and laid siege to Dalinghe. Yangxing led his men with the guns along the Jinzhou road, set camp, and shelled the western bastion until its garrison surrendered; then battered the south wall and smashed the parapet; the next day he struck the eastern bastion, which collapsed; the garrison fled by night and was wiped out to the last man. In the ninth month Ming forces came through the pass to relieve Jinzhou; the sovereign sent his household troops to intercept them, and Yangxing followed with five hundred of his own men; the enemy broke and fled. Zhang Chun, the Ming army supervisor, united columns to relieve Dalinghe; in a night battle the sovereign led cavalry and routed them. While the pursuit was still on, broken Ming units re-formed; the sovereign ordered Yangxing to take position east of their camp and blast the stockade apart with cannon. In the tenth month they assaulted Yuzizhang bastion, shelled the parapet, and killed many of its defenders. In the eleventh month Zu Dashou surrendered Dalinghe; the sovereign had every gun, cannon, and round in the city inventoried and handed over to Yangxing. He then led troops to tear down Ming bastions and trenches from Dalinghe all the way to Guangning.

六年春正月，上幸城北演武場閱兵，養性率所部烏真超哈試砲，擐甲列陣，軍容甚肅。上嘉養性能治軍，因追獎大凌河戰功，賜雕鞍良馬一、白金百，遂遍及諸將，自石廷柱以下皆有賜，設宴以勞之。養性疏言：「新編漢兵，馬步僅三千有奇，宜盡籍漢民為兵，有事持火器而戰，無事則為農。火器攻城，非砲不克，三眼槍、佛朗機鳥槍特城守器耳，宜增鑄大砲。兵食未足，宜令民廣開墾，無力者官畀牛若種，穫則以十一償。」四月，上自將伐察哈爾，命與貝勒阿巴泰、杜度，大臣揚古利、伊爾登留守。七月，卒。順治間，追諡勤惠。

In the first month of the sixth year the sovereign reviewed troops at the drill ground north of the city; Yangxing led his Ujencooha in a gunnery trial, armor on and ranks drawn up, with a discipline that greatly impressed. Pleased with Yangxing's command of troops, the sovereign rewarded his service at Dalinghe with a carved saddle, a fine horse, and a hundred taels of silver, then extended gifts to every general from Shi Tingzhu down and held a feast in their honor. Yangxing memorialized: "The newly formed Han force numbers barely three thousand horse and foot; all Han subjects should be enrolled—armed with firearms in war, farming in peace. Firearms can take a city only with heavy cannon; three-barreled guns, breech-loading swivel pieces, and muskets serve chiefly for defense—we should cast more large guns. Army rations are still short; the people should be urged to open new fields, and where they lack means the state should supply oxen or seed, to be repaid at one tenth of the harvest." In the fourth month the sovereign marched in person against the Chahar and left Yangxing to hold the capital with Princes Abatai and Dudu and ministers Yangguli and Ilden. He died in the seventh month. Under Shunzhi he was posthumously titled Qinhui (Diligent and Kind).

子普漢，改襲二等昂邦章京。卒，以弟六十襲。崇德四年，漢軍旗制定，隸漢軍正藍旗。順治四年，改二等精奇尼哈番。遇恩詔，累進三等伯。

His son Puhan inherited the title as second-rank Angbang Zhangjing. When Puhan died, his younger brother Liushi succeeded. In the fourth year of Chongde, when the Han Army banners were fixed, the family was assigned to the Plain Blue Han banner. In Shunzhi 4 the rank was changed to second-class jingqini hapang. At successive amnesties the rank rose until he became a third-class count.

國瑤，六十子也，襲爵。康熙九年，授本旗副都統。十二年，吳三桂反，特命國瑤為鄖陽提督，帥師鎮撫。十三年，襄陽總兵楊來嘉以穀城叛附三桂，鄖陽副將洪福應來嘉，劫部兵千餘攻國瑤。國瑤率游擊杜英、佟大年以健丁三百拒戰，福退，復至，苦戰數日，斬二百餘級，福敗遁。事聞，加左都督。十四年，福挾諸叛將分五道來犯，复擊敗之，逐戰泥河口、板橋河，斬其將林躍等七輩、兵數百人。

Guoyao, Liushi's son, inherited the peerage. In Kangxi 9 he was made deputy lieutenant-general of his banner. In Kangxi 12, when Wu Sangui rose in rebellion, Guoyao was specially named brigade commander at Xunyang to hold the region with his troops. In the thirteenth year Yang Jiajia, the Xiangyang commander, rebelled at Gucheng and went over to Wu Sangui; Hong Fu, deputy at Xunyang, followed him, seized more than a thousand government troops, and attacked Guoyao. Guoyao met them with guerrilla officers Du Ying and Tong Danian and three hundred picked men; Hong Fu withdrew, returned, and after days of hard fighting lost more than two hundred killed before he was driven off. When word reached the court he was promoted to Left Commissioner-in-chief. In the fourteenth year Hong Fu and other rebel commanders advanced in five columns; Guoyao beat them again, pursued them to Nihekou and Banqiaohe, and killed seven of their officers including Lin Yue and several hundred men.

十五年，四川叛將譚弘與福等復分道來犯，弘屯鄖江北，福掠鄖江南，相聲援；國瑤分兵御之，戰坪溝、戰黃畈、戰九里岡，又渡鄖江戰江南岸，皆勝，焚其舟及械，斬獲無算。福復遣眾伏鄖江兩岸，以三十餘舟順江下，泊琵琶灘，偪鄖陽運道為寨。國瑤及將軍噶爾漢、撫治楊茂勳等率水陸兵大破之，戰陡嶺，福敗走，運道复通。敘功，加一等。

In the fifteenth year the Sichuan rebel Tan Hong and Hong Fu again attacked by separate routes; Tan Hong held the north bank of the Han at Xunyang while Hong Fu raided the south, each supporting the other; Guoyao divided his forces to meet them, fought at Pinggou, Huangfan, and Jiuligang, crossed the Han to strike the south bank, and won every engagement, burning their boats and arms and taking heads and prisoners beyond count. Hong Fu again posted men on both banks of the Han and sent more than thirty boats downstream to Pipa Beach, where they built a camp threatening the Xunyang supply line. Guoyao, General Garhan, pacification commissioner Yang Maoxun, and others led combined land and river forces to crush them at Douling; Hong Fu fled, and the supply route was reopened. For this service his rank was raised one degree.

十六年，以捐俸賚軍賑難民，加太子少保。十七年，進討來嘉、福，戰於房縣，獲其將五十二輩、印十二、劄牌二十四，遂克其城，進复保康。十八年，與噶爾漢等攻興安，久而不下，命削戰陡嶺所敘加一等。六月，授福建將軍。二十八年，卒，諡忠愨。乾隆初，定封二等子。達爾哈齊子養真，自有傳。

In the sixteenth year he was made Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent for giving his salary to supply the army and relieve refugees. In the seventeenth year he marched against Yang Jiajia and Hong Fu, fought at Fangxian, captured fifty-two rebel officers, twelve seals, and twenty-four tally-plaques, took the city, and went on to recover Baokang. In the eighteenth year he and Garhan besieged Xing'an without success for a long time, and the extra rank granted for Douling was taken back. In the sixth month he was appointed general of Fujian. He died in the twenty-eighth year and was posthumously titled Zhongmin (Loyal and Resolute). Early in the Qianlong reign the hereditary rank was fixed as second-class viscount. Darhachi's son Yangzhen has a separate biography.

李永芳，遼東鐵嶺人。在明官撫順所游擊。太祖克烏喇，烏喇貝勒布佔泰走葉赫。太祖伐葉赫，葉赫愬於明。明使告太祖，誡毋侵葉赫。太祖以書與明，言葉赫渝盟悔婚，复匿布佔泰，不得已而用兵，躬詣撫順所，永芳迎三里外，導入教場，太祖出書畀永芳，乃引師還。

Li Yongfang was from Tieling in Liaodong. Under the Ming he held the post of guerrilla commander at the Fushun garrison. When Taizu took Ula, the Ula beile Buizhan fled to Yehe. When Taizu marched against Yehe, Yehe appealed to the Ming court. Ming sent envoys warning Taizu not to attack Yehe. Taizu wrote to Ming that Yehe had broken its pact and repudiated a marriage alliance, was again sheltering Buizhan, and that he had been forced to take up arms; he went in person to Fushun, where Yongfang met him three li outside the post, escorted him to the drill ground, received the letter, and Taizu then withdrew his army.

後三歲為天命元年，又三歲，始用兵於明。四月甲辰昧爽，師至撫順所，遂合圍，執明兵一，使持書諭永芳曰：「明發兵疆外衛葉赫，我乃以師至。汝一游擊耳，戰亦豈能勝？今諭汝降者：汝降，則我即日深入；汝不降，是誤我深入期也。汝多才智，識時務，我國方求才，稍足備任使，猶將舉而用之，與為婚媾；況如汝者有不加以寵榮與我一等大臣同列者乎？汝若欲戰，我矢豈能識汝？既不能勝，死復何益？且汝出城降，我兵不復入，汝士卒皆安堵。若我師入城，男婦老弱必且驚潰，亦大不利於汝民矣。勿謂我恫喝，不可信也。汝思區區一城且不能下，安用興師？失此弗圖，悔無及已。降不降，汝熟計之。毋不忍一時之忿，違我言而僨事也！」永芳得書，立城南門上請降，而仍令軍士備守具。上命樹雲梯以攻，不移時，師登陴，斬守備王命印等。永芳冠帶乘馬出降，固山額真阿敦引永芳下馬，匍匐謁上，上於馬上以禮答之，傳諭勿殺城中人。東州、馬根單二城及沿邊諸台堡五百餘，悉下。是日，上駐撫順。明日，命隳其城，乃還。編降民千戶，遷之赫圖阿喇。命依明製設大小官屬，授永芳三等副將，轄其眾，以上第七子貝勒阿巴泰女妻焉。太祖伐明取邊城，自撫順始；明邊將降太祖，亦自永芳始。

Three years later came the first year of Tianming; three years after that he first opened hostilities against Ming. At dawn on jiachen of the fourth month the army reached Fushun and closed the siege; a Ming soldier was taken to bear a letter to Yongfang: "Because Ming sent troops beyond the frontier to shield Yehe, I have come with my army. You are only a guerrilla commander—how could you hope to win in battle? Hear what surrender means: if you yield, I march deeper that very day; if you refuse, you delay the day I was to advance inland. You are clever and know which way the wind blows; our state is seeking men of ability, and if you are fit for office we shall raise and employ you and ally with you by marriage; would a man like you not be honored and ranked with my highest ministers? If you choose to fight, can my arrows pick you out from the rest? Since you cannot win, what good is dying? If you come out and surrender, my troops will not enter the city and your soldiers will remain unmolested. If my army storms the walls, men, women, and children will panic and scatter—a great calamity for your people. Do not call this an empty threat—you may trust my word. Think: if I could not take this one small town, why would I raise an army at all? Miss this chance and regret will come too late. Surrender or resist—weigh it carefully. Do not let a moment's anger make you defy me and ruin everything!" Yongfang read the letter and appeared on the south gate offering surrender, yet still had his men prepare to defend. The sovereign ordered assault ladders raised; in no time his men were on the wall and beheaded the garrison commander Wang Mingyin and others. Yongfang came out in full dress on horseback to surrender; Gushan Ejen Adun helped him dismount; he crawled forward to pay homage, and the sovereign answered him courteously from horseback and proclaimed that no one in the city was to be killed. Dongzhou, Magendan, and more than five hundred border forts and platforms all submitted. That day the sovereign encamped at Fushun. The next day he ordered the walls torn down and withdrew. The surrendered people were organized into a thousand households and resettled at Hetuala. Offices great and small were established on the Ming model; Yongfang was made third-rank deputy general over his followers, and a daughter of the sovereign's seventh son, Prince Abatai, was given him in marriage. Taizu's conquest of Ming border towns began with Fushun; and Ming border generals who went over to Taizu also began with Yongfang.

是年七月，上复伐明，拔清河。四年，克鐵嶺。六年，下遼、瀋。永芳皆從，以功授三等總兵官。明巡撫王化貞及諸邊將屢遣諜招永芳，永芳輒執奏，上嘉獎，敕免死三次。

That same year, in the seventh month, the sovereign again attacked Ming and took Qinghe. In the fourth year he captured Tieling. In the sixth year he took Liaoyang and Shenyang. Yongfang took part in all of them and, for his service, was made a third-rank commander. The Ming grand coordinator Wang Huazhen and other frontier generals repeatedly sent spies to win Yongfang over, but Yongfang always seized them and reported to the throne; the sovereign praised him and granted three exemptions from the death penalty.

太宗即位，以朝鮮與明將毛文龍相應援，納逋逃，命貝勒阿敏等帥師討之，永芳從。上諭阿敏等曰：「朝鮮理當討，然非必欲取之。凡事相機度義而行。」克義州，分兵攻鐵山，擊走文龍；進下定州、安州，次平壤，其官民皆遁，遂渡大同江。朝鮮王李倧使齎書迎師，諸貝勒答書歷數其罪，許以遣大臣蒞盟，當班師。使既行，師復進，次黃州，倧使馳告已遣大臣蒞盟。阿敏欲遂攻其都城，諸貝勒謂宜待所遣大臣至，永芳進曰：「我等奉上命，仗義而行。前與朝鮮書，許以遣大臣蒞盟當班師，今食言不義。盍暫駐待之？」諸貝勒皆是其言，阿敏怒，叱永芳曰：「爾蠻奴，何多言！我豈不能殺爾耶？」師再進，次平山，倧所遣大臣至師，卒如永芳議，遣劉興祚、庫爾纏如倧所，蒞盟而還。

After Taizong came to the throne, Joseon's coordination with the Ming general Mao Wenlong and its sheltering of fugitives prompted him to send Prince Amin and others against Korea; Yongfang went with them. The sovereign told Amin and the others: "Korea deserves chastisement, but we do not necessarily mean to conquer it. In everything, act as circumstances and principle require." They captured Uiju, sent detachments against Tieshan, and drove off Wenlong; then took Jeongju and Anju and halted at Pyongyang, whose officials and people had all fled; they crossed the Daedong River. King Injo of Joseon sent envoys with letters welcoming the army; the princes answered with a bill of his crimes and promised that if he sent ministers to swear alliance, they would withdraw. Once the envoys had gone, the army pushed on again and stopped at Hwangju, where Injo sent word by fast courier that ministers were already on their way to swear alliance. Amin wanted to press on and attack the capital, but the princes argued they should wait for the promised ministers. Yongfang stepped forward and said: "We carry out the sovereign's orders and act in good faith. In our earlier letter to Korea we promised that if ministers came to swear alliance we would withdraw; to break that promise would be dishonorable. Why not halt here and wait for them?" The princes all agreed with him. Amin flew into a rage and shouted at Yongfang: "You barbarian slave—why so many words! Do you think I cannot kill you?" The army advanced again and stopped at Pyeongsan; Injo's ministers reached camp, and in the end, as Yongfang had urged, Liu Xingzuo and Kuerchan were sent to Injo's court to swear alliance before the army withdrew.

八年，永芳卒，有子九人。漢軍旗制定，隸正藍旗漢軍。次子李率泰，自有傳。

In the eighth year Yongfang died, survived by nine sons. When the Han Eight Banners were established, his family was registered in the Plain Blue Banner Han corps. His second son, Li Shuaite, has his own biography.

第三子剛阿泰，順治初，官宣府總兵。時姜瓖為亂，山西北境諸州縣土寇蜂起，瓖既平，所部竄匿代州、定襄、繁峙五台山中。剛阿泰先後逐捕，諸山砦悉平。旋以屬吏侵餉劾罷。

The third son, Gangatai, was appointed garrison commander of Xuande-fu at the start of the Shunzhi reign. While Jiang Xiang was in revolt, local bandits rose across northern Shanxi; after Jiang was crushed, his scattered followers took refuge in the Wutai Mountains around Daizhou, Dingxiang, and Fanshi. Gangatai hunted them down in successive campaigns until every mountain stronghold was cleared. He was soon impeached and removed from office after a subordinate was found to have embezzled pay and provisions.

第五子巴顏，天聰八年襲父爵，例改三等昂邦章京。崇德間，以參領從太宗徵科爾沁；圍錦州，與洪承疇戰松山城下：皆有功。七年，定漢軍八旗，以巴顏為正藍旗固山額真。八年九月，從鄭親王濟爾哈朗等徵寧遠，拔中後所、前屯衛。順治元年，進二等昂邦章京。旋與固山額真石廷柱剿寇昌平，與固山額真葉臣徇直隸饒陽，河南懷慶，山西澤州、潞安諸府縣，師還，賜白金五百。二年，從定西大將軍和洛輝自陝西徇四川，流寇孫守法、賀珍犯西安，再戰大破之，逐至黑水峪，斬守法；又破流寇一隻虎於商州，克延安諸路山寨。四年，例改二等精奇尼哈番。五年，進一等精奇尼哈番。討叛將薑瓖，從睿親王多爾袞复渾源州；從英親王阿濟格复左衛；從巽親王滿達海復朔州、汾州及太谷諸縣。巴顏在軍將左翼，挾火器以攻，所向皆克。八年，敘平姜瓖功，复遇恩詔，進一等伯。九年，卒。乾隆間，定封號曰昭信。四十年正月，命以其族改隸鑲黃旗。

The fifth son, Bayan, inherited his father's rank in the eighth year of Tiancong; by regulation it was converted to third-rank Angbang Zhangjing. During the Chongde era he served as a staff colonel under Taizong in the campaign against the Khorchin; at the siege of Jinzhou and in the battle with Hong Chengchou below Songshan—distinguishing himself in both. In the seventh year, when the Han Eight Banners were fixed, Bayan was appointed Gushan Ejen of the Plain Blue Banner. In the ninth month of the eighth year he joined Prince Cheng Jirhalang and others against Ningyuan and captured Zhonghousuo and Qiantunwei. In the first year of Shunzhi he was raised to second-rank Angbang Zhangjing. He then worked with Gushan Ejen Shi Tingzhu to suppress bandits at Changping, and with Gushan Ejen Yechen swept Raoyang in Zhili, Huaiqing in Henan, and Zezhou, Lu'an, and other counties in Shanxi; on returning from campaign he received five hundred taels of silver. In the second year he followed Grand General Heluo Hui, Pacifier of the West, from Shaanxi into Sichuan; when the bandits Sun Shoufa and He Zhen struck at Xi'an, he routed them in two battles, pursued them to Heishuiyu, and killed Shoufa; He also defeated the bandit Yizhihu at Shangzhou and took the mountain strongholds throughout the Yan'an region. In the fourth year his title was converted by regulation to second-rank Jingqi Niha Fan. In the fifth year he was raised to first-rank Jingqi Niha Fan. In the campaign against the rebel Jiang Xiang he followed Prince Rui Dorgon in retaking Hunyuanzhou; followed Prince Ying Ajige in retaking Zuowei; and followed Prince Xun Manduhai in retaking Shuozhou, Fenzhou, Taigu, and other counties. In the field Bayan led the left wing, attacking with firearms, and carried every position he assaulted. In the eighth year his service in crushing Jiang Xiang was rewarded, and on a further grace edict he was raised to first-rank baron. He died in the ninth year. Under Qianlong his hereditary title was fixed as Zhaoxin. In the first month of the fortieth year his entire clan was ordered transferred to the Bordered Yellow Banner.

石廷柱，遼東人。先世居蘇完，姓瓜爾佳氏。明成化間，有布哈者，為建州左衛指揮。布哈生阿爾松阿，嘉靖中襲職。阿爾松阿生石翰，移家遼東，遂以「石」為氏。石翰子三：國柱、天柱、廷柱。萬曆之季，廷柱為廣寧守備，天柱為千總。太祖師至，巡撫王化貞走入關，天柱先與諸生郭肇基出謁，且曰：「吾曹已守城門矣。」翌日入城，廷柱從眾降，授世職游擊，俾轄降眾。

Shi Tingzhu was from Liaodong. His ancestors lived at Suwan and belonged to the Guwalgiya clan. In the Chenghua era of Ming, a man named Buha served as commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard. Buha's son Arsungga inherited the post during the Jiajing reign. Arsungga's son Shi Han moved the family to Liaodong and adopted "Shi" as the surname. Shi Han had three sons: Guozhu, Tianzhu, and Tingzhu. In the late Wanli era Tingzhu was garrison commandant of Guangning and Tianzhu a company captain. When Taizu's army arrived, Grand Coordinator Wang Huazhen fled through the pass; Tianzhu went out first with the licentiate Guo Zhaoji to meet them and said: "We have already secured the city gates. The next day they entered the city; Tingzhu surrendered with the rest, was given the hereditary rank of guerrilla commander, and put in charge of the surrendered troops.

蒙古巴林部貝勒囊努克背盟劫掠，廷柱從上討之，取其寨，收牲畜以還，進三等副將。天聰三年，太宗命率兵搜剿明故毛文龍所轄諸島，敵自石城島來犯，擊斬二百人，俘十九人。尋從上伐明，薄明都。四年，師還，至沙河驛，廷柱與達海諭城中軍民出降；又與達海以千人诇漢兒莊，漢兒莊與三屯營、喜峰口諸堡先已降而复叛，至是復降。

When the Balin Mongol prince Nangnuk broke the alliance and raided, Tingzhu joined the sovereign's punitive expedition, seized his camp, drove off the livestock, and was promoted to third-rank deputy general. In the third year of Tiancong Taizong sent him to sweep the islands once held by the Ming general Mao Wenlong; when the enemy attacked from Shicheng Island he killed two hundred men and took nineteen prisoners. He soon followed the sovereign against Ming and pressed close to the capital. In the fourth year, on the return march at Shahe Post, Tingzhu and Dahai persuaded the city's soldiers and civilians to surrender; he and Dahai then reconnoitered Han'erzhuang with a thousand men; Han'erzhuang, Santunying, Xifengkou, and other forts that had submitted and rebelled now surrendered again.

五年，明總兵祖大壽築城大凌河，上自將圍之。大壽窮蹙，使從子澤潤射書請降，並乞上令廷柱往議。廷柱與達海至城南，先使薑桂诇大壽，桂故明千總，為我軍所俘。大壽使游擊韓棟從桂出迎廷柱，並以其義子可法為質。廷柱乃逾壕與語，大壽言決降，惟乞速取錦州，俾妻子得相見。廷柱以告，上復遣廷柱諭指，大壽乃降。是時佟養性為烏真超哈昂邦章京，廷柱為副。六年，養性卒，廷柱代為昂邦章京。從伐察哈爾，多斬獲。七年，從貝勒岳託伐明，攻旅順，師還，上酌金卮以勞，進三等總兵官。八年，從伐明，攻應州，克石家村堡。九年，復從伐明，與明兵戰大凌河西，斬明副將劉應選，獲游擊曹得功等。

In the fifth year the Ming commander Zu Dashou fortified Dalinghe, and the sovereign personally led the siege. Hard pressed, Dashou had his nephew Zerun shoot in a letter offering surrender and asked that the sovereign send Tingzhu to negotiate. Tingzhu and Dahai reached the south wall and first sent Jiang Gui, a former Ming company captain now in Qing hands, to sound out Dashou. Dashou sent Guerrilla Commander Han Dong out with Gui to receive Tingzhu and offered his adopted son Kefa as hostage. Tingzhu crossed the moat to parley; Dashou declared he would surrender, but begged that Jinzhou be taken quickly so he could be reunited with his wife and children. Tingzhu reported back, the sovereign sent him again to state the terms, and Dashou surrendered. At that time Tong Yangxing was Angbang Zhangjing of the Ujencooha, with Tingzhu as his deputy. In the sixth year Yangxing died, and Tingzhu took his place as Angbang Zhangjing. He joined the campaign against the Chahar and won many kills and captures. In the seventh year he followed Prince Yue Tuo against Ming and assaulted Lüshun; on the army's return the sovereign rewarded him from a golden goblet and promoted him to third-rank commander. In the eighth year he joined the Ming campaign, attacked Yingzhou, and captured Shijia Village fort. In the ninth year he again campaigned against Ming, fought west of Dalinghe, killed the Ming vice commander Liu Yingxuan, and captured Guerrilla Commander Cao Degong and others.

崇德元年，上自將伐朝鮮，命廷柱帥所部整兵械，儲糗崿，挾火器以從。二年，既定朝鮮，還攻皮島，廷柱與戶部承政馬福塔攻其北隅。尋追論朝鮮王李倧謁上時廷柱亂班釋甲，及縱士卒違法妄行罪，解任，罰鍰，奪賞賚。是年分烏真超哈為左、右翼，以廷柱為左翼固山額真。三年，上與諸臣論兵事，舉呂尚相勗，廷柱言：「呂尚制閫外專生殺，故所向有功。今臣等若有過下部逮訊，雖牛錄以下亦當比肩對簿，其何以堪？」諸臣以其言戇，請下刑部議罪論死，上命宥之。是年十月，從伐明，攻錦州，克城外諸屯堡，進破城旁台。台上餘敵兵潛自間道走，廷柱弗追擊，部議降爵罰鍰，上復命宥之。

In the first year of Chongde the sovereign personally invaded Korea and ordered Tingzhu to ready his troops, stock provisions, and bring firearms. In the second year, after Korea was pacified, he turned to attack Pidao; Tingzhu and Board of Revenue Chancellor Ma Futa struck its northern flank. He was soon punished for breaking ranks and doffing his armor when King Injo paid homage, and for letting his men act lawlessly—removed from office, fined, and stripped of rewards. That year the Ujencooha was split into left and right wings, and Tingzhu was appointed Gushan Ejen of the Left Wing. In the third year, as the sovereign discussed military affairs with his ministers and held up Lü Shang as a model, Tingzhu said: "Lü Shang held sole power of life and death outside the capital, and so he always prevailed. If we err today and the lower ministries arrest us for questioning, even men below the niru rank must stand side by side in court—how can we endure that?" The ministers thought his words reckless and asked that he be sent to the Board of Punishments for trial and a death sentence; the sovereign pardoned him. That October he joined the Ming campaign, attacked Jinzhou, captured the stockaded villages outside the walls, and destroyed a nearby platform. The survivors on the platform escaped by a hidden path; Tingzhu did not pursue. The ministry proposed demotion and a fine, but the sovereign pardoned him again.

四年二月，上自將伐明，烏真超哈諸將孔有德、耿仲明、尚可喜、馬光遠及廷柱皆率所部從。上駐軍松山，命廷柱攻城南台，毀其堞，台兵不能禦，守將王昌功等四十餘人出降。上登松山南岡度地形，命廷柱從。可喜以砲攻城南門之左，廷柱與光遠先取城西南隅台，諸將繼進，攻城，城堞皆盡，會以日暮罷。明日攻益急，城兵守禦甚固，我兵緣雲梯上不能入，死者二十餘人，廷柱兄子達爾漢亦被創。上召詢諸將，皆謂攻必克。翌日復集議，有德、仲明、可喜、光遠欲鑿地道以攻，廷柱持不可。上責廷柱曰：「爾為主將，恇怯無鬥志，與諸將異議。爾豈因兄子被創，故驚怖不欲戰耶？」廷柱惶恐，對曰：「臣昔嘗巡邏至此，知地中有水石不可穿，且亦不能越壕而過，故不敢不言。今眾皆謂可攻，臣焉敢獨異？」乃與有德等鳩役於城南鑿地道。初，祖大壽既降，請得入錦州，乃復叛，為明守；至是，聞松山急，遣蒙古兵三百乘夜入城，诇得我軍謀，多為備，地道不能達，乃罷攻。師還，部議廷柱攻城不盡力，當罷任罰鍰，上仍命宥之。時烏真超哈复析為八旗，合二旗為一固山，於是漢軍旗制始定。廷柱隸正白旗。

In the second month of the fourth year the sovereign personally campaigned against Ming; the Ujencooha generals Kong Youde, Geng Zhongming, Shang Kexi, Ma Guangyuan, and Tingzhu all led their troops with him. The sovereign encamped at Songshan and ordered Tingzhu to take the south platform; he smashed its parapet, the defenders could not hold, and garrison commander Wang Changgong and more than forty others surrendered. The sovereign climbed the southern ridge of Songshan to survey the ground and had Tingzhu accompany him. Kexi shelled the left flank of the south gate; Tingzhu and Guangyuan first seized the southwest corner platform; the other generals pressed the assault until the parapets were gone, then broke off at dusk. The next day the attack intensified; the defenders held firm; our men mounted scaling ladders but could not break in; more than twenty were killed, and Tingzhu's nephew Darhan was wounded. The sovereign called the generals in and asked their view; all said the city would surely fall. They met again the next day; Youde, Zhongming, Kexi, and Guangyuan wanted to tunnel under the walls, but Tingzhu objected. The sovereign rebuked Tingzhu: "You are the chief commander—timid and spiritless, at odds with the other generals. Are you frightened and unwilling to fight because your nephew was wounded?" Alarmed, Tingzhu replied: "Your servant once patrolled here and knows the ground is full of water and stone and cannot be tunneled, and that one cannot cross the moat that way—I dared not keep silent. Now that all say it can be done, how could I alone dissent?" He then joined Youde and the others in pressing laborers to dig a tunnel south of the city. Earlier, Zu Dashou had surrendered and asked to be allowed into Jinzhou, then rebelled again and held it for Ming; Now, hearing Songshan was hard pressed, he sent three hundred Mongol troops into the city by night; they learned of our tunnel plan, the defenders made ready, the tunnel failed to reach the wall, and the assault was called off. On the army's return the ministry proposed that Tingzhu had not fought hard enough and should be removed and fined; the sovereign pardoned him again. At that time the Ujencooha was reorganized into Eight Banners, two banners to each gushan, and the Han Banner system was fixed. Tingzhu was registered in the Plain White Banner.

六年七月，廷柱上言：「錦州為遼左首鎮，我師築壘浚壕，誓必翦滅，以策進取，誠至計也。第明恃大壽為保障，我師圍之急，彼必益發援兵，並力一戰。宜及此時簡精銳，分佈各旗屯田所，遇警即並進。如敵已立營，以砲環擊，伺其稍動，我師即突起乘之，轉戰過錦州，至松山、杏山間，敵必敗走，則錦州破矣。錦州既破，關外八城聞而震動。昔年克瀋陽，遼陽從之下；克沙嶺，廣寧亦從之下。此其明徵也。近聞喀爾喀扎薩克圖揚言取歸化，恐陰欲取鄂爾多斯。臣擬令鄂爾多斯移牧黃河南，使與歸化相接，彼此策應。仍選才勇將士挾火器戍焉，而令王貝勒帥師道宣、大，略應州、雁門。歸化有警，輕騎倍道赴援。明所恃為遼東援者，不過宣大、陝西榆林、甘肅寧夏諸路。我師西入，諸路自顧不遑，豈能復出援遼哉？此一舉而兩得也。明援兵自寧遠至松山，所齎行糧不過六七日，其鋒少挫，勢必速退；即宿留數日，終且託糧盡而返。宜設伏於高橋險★C7處，鑿壕截擊，仍發勁兵綴其後，使進退無路，則彼援兵皆折而降我矣。我師遇敵步兵，每奮勇陷陣，彼軍多火器，恐致傷夷。宜诇敵遠離城郭，或憑據高阜，水竭糧匱，乃環而攻之。夜則鑿壕以守，晝則發砲以擊。不一二日，勢且生變，其斃可坐俟也。洪承疇書生耳，所統援遼諸鎮，皆烏合亡命，外張聲勢，內實恇懾。如大壽為我師所破，承疇與諸將縱得脫去，亦東市就僇而已。彼聞上恩豢降將，或慕義納款，亦未可料。今明災異迭見，流寇方熾，乘時應運，定鼎中原，機不可失。」疏入，上深嘉之。九月，師圍松山，敵夜犯廷柱營，廷柱力禦，斬十餘級，獲刀甲、槍砲無算，進二等昂邦章京。七年，定漢軍八旗，置八固山，以廷柱為鑲紅旗固山額真。

In the seventh month of the sixth year Tingzhu memorialized: "Jinzhou is the chief fortress of eastern Liaodong; our army is entrenching and vowing to destroy it as the key to further advance—a sound strategy indeed. But Ming relies on Dashou as its shield; the tighter we press the siege, the more relief they will send for a decisive battle. We should now pick elite troops and station them at each banner's garrison-farm posts so they can march out together at the first alarm. If the enemy has already encamped, surround them with artillery; when they stir, our troops should strike at once, fight past Jinzhou to the ground between Songshan and Xingshan, the enemy will break and flee, and Jinzhou will fall. Once Jinzhou falls, the eight cities beyond the pass will hear of it and tremble. In years past, when Shenyang fell, Liaoyang submitted in turn; when Shaling was taken, Guangning followed as well. That is clear proof. I have lately heard that the Khalkha Zasagtu Khan openly vows to take Guihua, and I fear he secretly aims at Ordos as well. I propose that Ordos be moved to pasture south of the Yellow River, adjoining Guihua so the two can cover each other. Select able and brave officers with firearms to garrison the area, and have Prince Wang and the beile lead troops via Xuanfu and Datong to sweep Yingzhou and Yanmen. If Guihua comes under attack, light cavalry should ride by forced marches to its relief. Ming's relief for Liaodong depends on no more than the Xuan-Da route, Yulin in Shaanxi, and Ningxia in Gansu. If our army strikes westward, those routes will be hard pressed to defend themselves—how could they march out again to save Liaodong? One stroke would secure a double gain. Ming relief from Ningyuan to Songshan carries rations for scarcely six or seven days; once their vanguard is checked, they will surely pull back at once; even if they stay a few days longer, in the end they will claim their grain is spent and withdraw. Set ambushes at high bridges and narrow passes, dig trenches to cut them off, and send crack troops to cling to their rear until they can neither advance nor retreat—then their relief force will break and surrender to us. Our men always charge boldly when they meet enemy foot soldiers, but the Ming force is heavy with firearms, and I fear we will suffer needless losses. We should wait until the enemy is far from walled towns, or has taken a high hill with water gone and grain spent, and only then surround and attack. By night we should dig trenches and hold our ground; by day open cannon fire on them. Within a day or two their situation will turn, and their ruin can be awaited without stirring. Hong Chengchou is only a scholar; the Liaodong relief garrisons under him are a mob of desperate men who bluster outwardly but are inwardly terrified. If Dashou is broken by our army, even should Chengchou and his generals escape, they will only face execution at Dongshi. When they hear how generously Taizong treats surrendered generals, some may be moved to submit—it cannot be ruled out. Ming's omens now appear in succession and roving rebels flourish; to seize the moment, answer Heaven's mandate, and fix the empire in the Central Plain—the chance must not be lost. When the memorial reached court, Taizong praised it warmly. In the ninth month the army besieged Songshan; the enemy struck Tingzhu's camp by night, but Tingzhu beat them off, killed more than ten, and took countless arms and cannon; he was raised to second-rank Angbang Zhangjing. In the seventh year the Han Eight Banners were established with eight gushan, and Tingzhu was appointed Gushan Ejen of the Bordered Red Banner.

順治元年四月，從師入關，破李自成。五月，與固山額真巴顏等平昌平土寇。六月，與固山額真巴哈納帥師撫定山東諸郡縣。七月，移師會固山額真葉臣共克太原。山西、河南悉平。師還，賜白金五百兩，進一等昂邦章京。四年，改一等精奇尼哈番。六年，從討叛將薑瓖，复渾源、太谷、朔州、汾州。十二年五月，授鎮海將軍，駐防京口。十四年二月，以老乞休，加少保兼太子太保，致仕，進三等伯，世襲。十八年二月，卒，贈少傅兼太子太傅，諡忠勇，立碑紀績。

In the fourth month of the first year of Shunzhi he entered the pass with the army and defeated Li Zicheng. In the fifth month he joined Gushan Ejen Bayan and others in suppressing bandits at Changping. In the sixth month he and Gushan Ejen Bahana led troops to pacify the prefectures and counties of Shandong. In the seventh month he marched to join Gushan Ejen Yechen in capturing Taiyuan. Shanxi and Henan were fully pacified. On returning from campaign he received five hundred taels of silver and was raised to first-rank Angbang Zhangjing. In the fourth year his title was converted to first-rank Jingqi Niha Fan. In the sixth year he joined the campaign against the rebel Jiang Xiang and recovered Hunyuan, Taigu, Shuozhou, and Fenzhou. In the fifth month of the twelfth year he was made General Who Guards the Sea and posted at Jingkou. In the second month of the fourteenth year he asked to retire on account of age; he was given the additional titles of Junior Guardian and Junior Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent, left office, and was raised to third-rank Baron, inheritable. In the second month of the eighteenth year he died; he was posthumously made Junior Mentor and Junior Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent, given the posthumous name Zhongyong, and honored with a stele recording his deeds.

廷柱兄國柱，亦自廣寧降，與天柱先後授三等副將。廷柱六子，三子華善，四子石琳，自有傳。

Tingzhu's elder brother Guozhu also surrendered at Guangning; he and Tianzhu were in turn made third-rank deputy generals. Tingzhu had six sons; his third son Huashan and fourth son Shilin have separate biographies.

馬光遠，順天大興人。明建昌參將。天聰四年，我師克永平，光遠以所部降，命隸正藍旗，授梅勒額真，賜冠服、鞍馬。五年，上复伐明，圍大凌河，光遠從，招城南台降，得百總一、男婦五十餘，即畀光遠育焉。

Ma Guangyuan was a native of Daxing in Shuntian. Under Ming he had served as garrison commander at Jianchang. In the fourth year of Tiancong, when our army took Yongping, Guangyuan surrendered with his troops; he was assigned to the Plain Blue Banner, made Meile Ejen, and given court dress, saddle, and horse. In the fifth year Taizong again attacked Ming and besieged Dalinghe; Guangyuan went with him, induced the southern platform to surrender, and took one company commander and more than fifty men and women, whom he was entrusted to care for.

六年十一月，光遠疏言：「六部既設，當建內閣，選清正練達二三臣為總裁，日黎明入閣。八家固山、六部承政，有事詣閣集議，請上指揮。」並議置六科，立八道言官。翌日再疏，申言六科職掌。七年正月，烏真超哈昂邦章京佟養性及光遠合疏言：「上及諸貝勒豢漢官恩厚，臣等叨冒首領。上有命，敢不竭心力。臣等有罪，聽諸臣彈劾。諸漢官如或抗令欺公，誑言誤事，諉避偷安，玩法科斂，臣等當彈劾，不敢避忌。惟慮諸漢官茹怨，以蜚語中臣等，臣等得罪，雖死不知其故。乞上及諸貝勒鑒臣等意，今後有過失，即時處分；有讒言，即時質問：俾僉邪不得行其險慝。」三月，光遠疏陳整飭軍政：省戎器，視牧馬，習砲，治砲車，節火藥，謹城守，制火箭，建藏砲儲藥之局，贍鑄砲造藥之役，厚養砲兵，凡十事。七月，上命舊隸滿洲戶下漢人十丁授棉甲一，得千五百八十人，命光遠等統之，分補舊甲喇缺額。

In the eleventh month of the sixth year Guangyuan memorialized: "Now that the Six Ministries exist, a Grand Secretariat should be established, with two or three upright and seasoned ministers chosen as chiefs to enter the Secretariat each day at dawn. The gushan of the Eight Houses and the ministers of the Six Ministries, when business arises, should meet in the Secretariat and seek Taizong's direction. He also proposed establishing the Six Offices of Scrutiny and appointing censors for eight circuits. The next day he memorialized again, setting out the duties of the Six Offices. In the first month of the seventh year Tong Yangxing, Angbang Zhangjing of the Ujencooha, and Guangyuan jointly memorialized: "Taizong and the princes have shown Han officials great favor; we, your subjects, presumptuously lead the ranks. When Taizong gives a command, we dare not withhold our full effort. If we are guilty, let the other officials impeach us. If any Han official disobeys orders, deceives the public, speaks falsehoods and ruins affairs, shirks duty for ease, or treats the law lightly and extorts levies, we shall impeach him without fear or favor. We only fear that Han officials will harbor resentment and use slander against us; if we are punished, we may die without knowing why. We beg Taizong and the princes to discern our intent: hereafter, if we err, punish us at once; if there is slander, question it at once, so the wicked cannot work their malice. In the third month Guangyuan memorialized on tightening military administration in ten points: economize weapons, inspect horse pasturage, drill with cannon, repair gun carriages, conserve gunpowder, strengthen city defense, make rockets, establish bureaus for storing cannon and powder, supply the labor of casting guns and making powder, and generously maintain gunners. In the seventh month Taizong ordered that for every ten Han men formerly registered under Manchu households, one cotton armor be issued, yielding 1,580 men; Guangyuan and others were ordered to command them and fill vacancies in the old jalan.

時孔有德、耿仲明來降，克旅順。光遠言：「有德等初來，登萊、旅順並各島兵艦隨至江口不敢歸，畏明法也。今旅順既失，江口兵艦必退保登萊。宜急遣水師逐彼舟後，乘風而西。上親帥師取山海，進攻北京，不半載大事可定。」十月，授一等總兵官。八年三月，疏請出師：「一自薊東入，一自八里鋪趨山海關，內外夾攻，先取其水關，則山海關易下也。既克山海關，還取祖大壽，整旅而西，進攻北京，塞衝要，阻運道，不數月必有內變。但乞上於出師之日，戒諭將士，毋殺，毋淫，毋掠貨財，毋焚廬舍。四方聞之，皆引領而歸上矣。」四月，改一等昂邦章京。九年七月，甄別轄治漢人各官，以各堡戶丁增減行賞罰，丁減初額三之一者削世職為民。光遠疏言：「各官功次不等，皆蒙敕賜世襲，得之至艱。今以養人不如法，皆罷為民，眾情驚懼。乞恩從重議罰，而毋遽奪世職；令戴罪視事，使功不如使過。臣為王法持平，敢昧死以請。」梅勒額真張存仁亦以為言，上從之。十年四月，諸臣勸進，漢將列孔有德、耿仲明、尚可喜、石廷柱及光遠，凡五人。

At this time Kong Youde and Geng Zhongming surrendered, and Lüshun was taken. Guangyuan said: "When Youde and the others first came over, the warships of Deng-Lai, Lüshun, and the island posts followed to the river mouth but dared not return for fear of Ming law. Now that Lüshun has fallen, the warships at the river mouth will surely fall back to defend Deng-Lai. We should urgently send a naval force to follow their ships, riding the wind westward. Taizong should personally lead the army to take Shanhai Pass, advance on Beijing, and within half a year the great enterprise can be settled. In the tenth month he was made first-rank commander-in-chief. In the third month of the eighth year he memorialized requesting a campaign: "One force should enter from east of Ji, another press on Shanhaiguan from Balipu; with inner and outer pincers, take the water gate first, and Shanhaiguan will then fall easily. Once Shanhaiguan is taken, return to take Zu Dashou, regroup and march west, attack Beijing, block the strategic passes, and cut the supply routes—in a few months there will surely be internal upheaval. We only beg that on the day the army marches out, Taizong admonish the officers and soldiers: do not kill, do not commit licentious acts, do not plunder goods, do not burn dwellings. When all quarters hear this, they will all turn to Taizong in submission. In the fourth month his title was changed to first-rank Angbang Zhangjing. In the seventh month of the ninth year officials governing Han people were appraised; rewards and punishments followed the rise or fall of household registers in each fortress, and those whose population fell by one third of the original count were stripped of hereditary office and reduced to commoners. Guangyuan memorialized: "The officers' merits differ, yet all received imperial grants of hereditary rank—gaining it was exceedingly hard. Now, because they did not maintain their people properly, all are dismissed to commoner status, and public sentiment is alarmed and fearful. We beg grace to impose heavier penalties after deliberation, but not to strip hereditary offices at once; Let them serve their posts while bearing guilt, so that redeeming faults may serve better than doing merit. Your subject, upholding the royal law in fairness, dares risk death to make this request. Meile Ejen Zhang Cunren spoke similarly, and Taizong agreed. In the fourth month of the tenth year, when the officials urged accession, the Han generals named were Kong Youde, Geng Zhongming, Shang Kexi, Shi Tingzhu, and Guangyuan—five in all.

崇德元年十二月，從伐朝鮮，克平壤、江華島。二年八月，分烏真超哈為兩翼，置固山額真二。以廷柱轄左翼，光遠轄右翼。三年，上伐明，攻錦州，烏真超哈運火器為前驅。尋與有德以火器克台五，復與廷柱克李雲屯、柏士屯、郭家堡、開州、井家堡，俘七百有三，得牲畜稱是。光遠率甲喇額真郎紹貞圍攻錦州城旁台，敵遁，不追擊，上詰之，光遠妄辯，當奪職，上命罰鍰。四年，上复伐明，光遠以所部克松山西南隅台，降其將楊文顯，攻城不克。語詳石廷柱傳。師還，數其罪而罷之；又以庇所部參將季世昌鑄砲子不中程，論死，上特宥之。六月，析烏真超哈為八旗，置固山額真四，復起光遠為正黃、鑲黃兩旗固山額真。漢軍旗制定，光遠隸鑲黃旗。順治四年，以老病乞休。康熙二年，卒，諡誠順。以弟之子思文襲爵。恩詔進三等伯。乾隆初，定封一等子。

In the twelfth month of the first year of Chongde he joined the campaign against Korea and took Pyongyang and Ganghwa Island. In the eighth month of the second year the Ujencooha was split into two wings and two Gushan Ejen were appointed. Tingzhu commanded the Left Wing and Guangyuan the Right Wing. In the third year Taizong attacked Ming and besieged Jinzhou; the Ujencooha transported firearms as vanguard. Soon he and Youde took five platforms with firearms; then with Tingzhu he took Li Yuntun, Baishitun, Guojia Fort, Kaizhou, and Jingjia Fort, capturing 703 persons and a comparable number of livestock. Guangyuan, leading Jalan Ejen Lang Shaozhen, besieged a platform beside Jinzhou; the enemy fled and he did not pursue; Taizong questioned him; Guangyuan answered falsely and should have been dismissed—Taizong ordered a fine instead. In the fourth year Taizong again attacked Ming; Guangyuan with his command took the southwest platform of Songshan and induced its general Yang Wenxian to surrender, but could not take the city. The account is given in detail in Shi Tingzhu's biography. When the army returned, his offenses were counted and he was dismissed; Also for shielding his subordinate regimental commander Ji Shichang, whose cast cannonballs failed to meet specification—a capital offense—Taizong specially pardoned him. In the sixth month the Ujencooha was reorganized into Eight Banners with four Gushan Ejen appointed, and Guangyuan was restored as Gushan Ejen of the Plain Yellow and Bordered Yellow Banners. When the Han Banner system was fixed, Guangyuan was assigned to the Bordered Yellow Banner. In the fourth year of Shunzhi he asked to retire on account of old age and illness. In the second year of Kangxi he died and was given the posthumous name Chengshun. His younger brother's son Siwen inherited the title. By grace edict he was posthumously raised to third-rank Baron. In the early Qianlong reign the fief was fixed at first-rank viscount.

光輝，光遠弟。明武舉。與其兄光先從光遠來降。天聰七年，授光先二等參將，光輝游擊。崇德三年，任戶部理事官。以貸官商物不償，罷官，奪世職。四年六月，漢軍旗制定，授鑲黃旗梅勒額真。六年，兼任吏部。七年，以從克杏山城，复世職。師已克錦州，命光輝從固山額真孟喬芳詣錦州監鑄砲。八年，以從克中後所、前屯衛二城，進一等甲喇章京。

Guanghui was Guangyuan's younger brother. Under Ming he had been a military licentiate. Together with his elder brother Guangxian he followed Guangyuan in surrender. In the seventh year of Tiancong Guangxian was made second-rank regimental commander and Guanghui a guerrilla officer. In the third year of Chongde he was made a ministry commissioner of the Board of Revenue. For lending government goods to merchants without repayment he was dismissed from office and stripped of his hereditary rank. In the sixth month of the fourth year, when the Han Banner system was fixed, he was made Meile Ejen of the Bordered Yellow Banner. In the sixth year he concurrently held the Board of Civil Appointments. In the seventh year, for joining in the capture of Xingshan, his hereditary rank was restored. After the army had taken Jinzhou, Guanghui was ordered to go with Gushan Ejen Meng Qiaofang to Jinzhou to supervise the casting of cannon. In the eighth year, for joining in the capture of Zhonghousuo and Qiantunwei, he was raised to first-rank Jalan Zhangjing.

世祖入關定鼎，參政改侍郎，光輝仍貳吏部。順治四年，考滿，加拖沙喇哈番。五年，從征南大將軍譚泰討江西叛將金聲桓，聲桓既誅，譚泰將承製授光輝江西提督，光輝辭。既，譚泰欲以都察院理事官紀國先為都司，國先亦辭。譚泰劾國先，辭連光輝，吏議從重比，上命罷光輝梅勒額真、侍郎，降世職為拜他喇布勒哈番。七年，復任梅勒額真。八年，上命追錄光輝軍功，屢遇恩詔，累進三等阿思哈尼哈番。五月，授戶部侍郎。十月，命以兵部尚書、右副都御史總督直隸、山東、河南三行省。

When Shizu entered the pass and established the dynasty, commissioner posts became vice ministers, and Guanghui remained second-in-command at the Board of Civil Appointments. In the fourth year of Shunzhi, when his term review was complete, he was granted tušan lahafan. In the fifth year he followed the southern expedition grand general Tan Tai against the Jiangxi rebel Jin Shenghuan; after Shenghuan was executed, Tan Tai was to receive the imperial mandate appointing Guanghui military governor of Jiangxi, but Guanghui refused. Tan Tai then proposed making Censorate commissioner Ji Guoxian a brigade commander; Guoxian declined as well. Tan Tai impeached Guoxian, implicating Guanghui in the process; officials urged the severest punishment; the sovereign stripped Guanghui of Meile Ejen and vice-ministerial rank and reduced his hereditary office to baitalaburu hafan. In the seventh year he was restored as Meile Ejen. In the eighth year the sovereign ordered Guanghui's past military service recorded; through successive grace edicts he rose to third-rank ashan-i janggin. In the fifth month he was appointed vice minister of the Board of Revenue. In the tenth month he was ordered to serve as minister of the Board of War and right vice censor-in-chief, governing Zhili, Shandong, and Henan.

十年九月，膠州總兵海時行叛，為暴萊、沂間，光輝帥師討之。時行走宿遷，師從之，复走永城。光輝會漕運總督沈文奎帥師自靈壁向永城，戰洪河集西，大破之，縛時行以歸。以功加級，任子。十一年，甄別諸督撫，加太子少保，以老病乞休。十二年七月，卒，諡忠靖。

In the ninth month of the tenth year Jiaozhou garrison commander Hai Shixing rebelled and ravaged the country between Lai and Yi; Guanghui led troops against him. Shixing fled to Suqian with the army in pursuit, then fled again to Yongcheng. Guanghui joined Grand Canal transport governor Shen Wenkui and led troops from Lingbi toward Yongcheng; west of Hongheji they routed the enemy, captured Shixing bound, and returned. For his merit he was promoted in rank and his son was granted an office. In the eleventh year, when governors and grand coordinators were appraised, he was made Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent; citing age and illness he asked to retire. In the seventh month of the twelfth year he died and was posthumously titled Zhongjing.

光先，順治間遇恩詔，亦授三等阿思哈尼哈番，官山西左布政使。

During Shunzhi, Guangxian received third-rank ashan-i janggin at a grace edict and served as left provincial administration commissioner of Shanxi.

李思忠，字葵陽，鐵嶺人。父如梴，明遼東總兵官寧遠伯成梁族子也，仕明為太原同知，罷歸居撫順。太祖天命三年，始用兵於明，克撫順，得思忠，如梴徙還鐵嶺。明年，師下鐵嶺，如梴及弟如梓子一忠、存忠死之。六年，定遼陽，敕思忠收其族人，俾復故業，即授牛錄額真，予世職備禦。尋以獲諜，進游擊。

Li Sizhong, styled Kuiyang, was from Tieling. His father Ruchan was a kinsman of Ming's Liaodong regional commander and Ningyuan Earl Cheng Liang; he had served Ming as Tongzhi of Taiyuan, was dismissed, and settled at Fushun. In the third year of Tianming, when Taizu first campaigned against Ming, he took Fushun and gained Sizhong; Ruchan moved back to Tieling. The next year the army took Tieling; Ruchan and his younger brother Ruzi's sons Yizhong and Cunzhong were killed. In the sixth year, when Liaoyang was secured, Sizhong was ordered to gather his clansmen and restore their livelihoods; he was immediately made Niru Ejen and granted the hereditary rank of frontier defense commander. Soon afterward, for capturing a spy, he was promoted to guerrilla commander.

天聰三年，太宗自將伐明，取永平等四城。師還，貝勒阿敏護諸將分守，察哈喇以蒙古兵守遵化，思忠及甲喇額真英固勒岱等為之佐。既而明將謝尚忠等來攻，思忠與戰，敵三進三卻。阿敏議棄四城東還，檄察哈喇合軍出塞。時尚忠攻遵化正急，發火箭焚我軍火器，我軍方恇擾，思忠戒無輕動，徐結陣出城，挾降吏四人以俱，身為殿，出塞無一亡失。師還，上譴阿敏等，以思忠力戰，貸勿罪。五年，從固山額真楞格里等伐明，攻南海島，未至，遇明兵茨榆坨，俘十一人，得舟五。明兵爭舟，思忠與戰，砲傷額，勿卻，卒敗明兵，進二等參將。九年，察漢官所領城堡戶口盈耗，思忠轄沙河堡郎寨，增丁百十有三，上嘉賞，賜狐裘一襲，進三等梅勒章京。尋命駐蓋州。崇德二年，命修遼陽諸城，思忠疏言：「蓋州處邊，士卒任防守，餘丁僅足以耕。今棄農就役，工窳而農亦廢。請俟諸城工竟，庀役造磚從事。」上允其請。七年，漢軍旗制定，隸正黃旗。

In the third year of Tiancong Taizong personally campaigned against Ming and took Yongping and three other cities. When the army returned, Beile Amin saw the generals to their divided garrisons; Chahala held Zunhua with Mongol troops, assisted by Sizhong, Jalan Ejen Yingguledai, and others. Before long Ming generals Xie Shangzhong and others attacked; Sizhong fought them off as the enemy advanced three times and fell back three times. Amin proposed abandoning the four cities and withdrawing east, and ordered Chahala to combine the armies and leave the frontier. Shangzhong was then pressing hard on Zunhua, firing rockets that set our firearms ablaze; as our troops wavered, Sizhong forbade any rash move, drew up ranks and withdrew from the city with four surrendered officials, himself covering the rear; not a man was lost beyond the frontier. When the army returned, the sovereign rebuked Amin and the others; Sizhong, having fought hard, was pardoned. In the fifth year he followed Gushan Ejen Lenggeri and others against Ming to attack Nanhaidao; before reaching it they met Ming troops at Ciyutuo, took eleven prisoners, and seized five boats. Ming troops fought for the boats; Sizhong engaged them, was struck in the forehead by cannon fire but held his ground, finally routed the Ming force, and was promoted to second-rank regimental commander. In the ninth year the population of fortresses under Han officials was audited; Sizhong's jurisdiction at Shahe Fort Langzhai gained one hundred thirteen adult males; the sovereign commended him, granted a fox-fur coat, and promoted him to third-rank Meile Zhangjing. He was soon ordered to garrison Gaizhou. In the second year of Chongde, when the cities of Liaoyang were ordered repaired, Sizhong memorialized: "Gaizhou is a frontier post; soldiers are assigned to defense, and the remaining men barely suffice for farming. If they leave the fields for corvée now, the work will be poor and farming will collapse as well. I ask that we wait until the other cities' work is done, then organize labor and manufacture bricks for the project." The sovereign approved his request. In the seventh year, when the Han Banner system was fixed, he was assigned to the Plain Yellow Banner.

順治元年，從豫親王多鐸徇陝西，破潼關；下江南，克揚州，撫定江北州縣凡十。三年二月，命以梅勒額真戍西安。三月，擢陝西提督。恩詔，累進一等阿思哈尼哈番兼拖沙喇哈番。十一年，致仕。十四年七月，卒。

In the first year of Shunzhi he followed Prince Yu Dorgon in pacifying Shaanxi and broke through Tong Pass; then descended on Jiangnan, took Yangzhou, and pacified ten prefectures and counties north of the Yangzi. In the second month of the third year he was ordered to garrison Xi'an as Meile Ejen. In the third month he was promoted to military governor of Shaanxi. Through grace edicts he rose to first-rank ashan-i janggin with tušan lahafan. In the eleventh year he retired. In the seventh month of the fourteenth year he died.

思忠子五，第三子顯祖襲爵，世祖賜名塞白理，授二等侍衛、甲喇額真。康熙初，授隨徵江南左路總兵官，遷廣東水師提督，改浙江提督。耿精忠叛，自福建侵浙江，塞白理疏請分兵援台州，防寧波。尋從貝子傅喇塔擊走精忠將曾養性。十四年九月，卒於軍。乾隆初，定封三等男。

Sizhong had five sons; his third son Xianzu inherited the title; Shizu gave him the name Saibaili and appointed him second-rank bodyguard and Jalan Ejen. Early in Kangxi he was made commander of the left route army in the Jiangnan campaign, then transferred to naval commander of Guangdong and later to military governor of Zhejiang. When Geng Jingzhong rebelled and invaded Zhejiang from Fujian, Saibaili memorialized asking that troops be divided to relieve Taizhou and guard Ningbo. He soon followed Beizi Fuleta in driving off Jingzhong's general Zeng Yangxing. In the ninth month of the fourteenth year he died in camp. In the early Qianlong reign the fief was fixed as third-rank baron.

廕祖，思忠次子。事世祖，自廕生授戶部員外郎，三遷兵部侍郎。順治十一年，直隸災，命與尚書巴哈納等治賑。尋授兵部尚書，右副都御史，總督直隸、山東、河南三行省。疏請蠲被災諸州縣秋糧，招流民還故里，當隨地安集，以時予賑，毋使道殕。又疏言：「直隸濱海北塘、澗河、黑洋諸地，宜分兵駐守。」時議禁海船，魚鹽米麥不能轉輸，請官為編號，譏其出入，則商民皆便。並下部議行。

Yinzu was Sizhong's second son. Serving Shizu, he entered through a yin appointment as department director of the Board of Revenue and was transferred three times to vice minister of the Board of War. In the eleventh year of Shunzhi, when Zhili was stricken by disaster, he was ordered with Minister Bahana and others to manage relief. He was soon made minister of the Board of War and right vice censor-in-chief, governing Zhili, Shandong, and Henan. He memorialized to remit autumn grain tax in stricken prefectures and counties, recall displaced people to their homes, settle them locally, grant timely relief, and prevent corpses from littering the roads. He also memorialized: "Along the Zhili coast at Beitang, Jianhe, Heiyang, and other points, troops should be posted in divided garrisons." Sea vessels were then banned, blocking transport of fish, salt, rice, and wheat; he asked that officials register and inspect them on entry and exit, which would serve merchants and commoners alike. Both proposals were referred to the ministries for deliberation and implementation.

十四年四月，疏發河南管河道方大猷貪惏狀，上切責河道總督楊方興失劾，奪大猷官，鞫治論死。有高鼎者，據五台山為亂，出三岔口擾真定，廕祖遣井陘道陳安國諭降，悉散其黨。疏言：「太行天下險，三岔居其衝，林密山深，藏奸甚易。自鼎降，其黨散在民間，雖戍以兵，視營壘為傳舍。當置游擊一，定額兵六百，耑司守禦。」上從之。

In the fourth month of the fourteenth year he exposed the corruption of Henan canal commissioner Fang Dayou; the sovereign sharply rebuked Grand Canal governor Yang Fangxing for failing to impeach him, stripped Dayou of office, tried him, and sentenced him to death. Gao Ding seized Wutai Mountain in rebellion and raided Zhending through Sanchakou; Yinzu sent Jingxing circuit intendant Chen Anguo to accept his surrender and fully dispersed his band. He memorialized: "The Taihang range is the greatest barrier in the realm; Sanchakou sits on its vital pass; dense forest and deep mountains make hiding criminals all too easy. Since Ding surrendered, his followers have scattered among the people; though troops are posted there, the camps serve them only as inns. A guerrilla commander should be posted with a fixed quota of six hundred troops devoted solely to frontier defense." The sovereign approved.

是歲廕祖年才二十有九，會湖南北用兵，上察廕祖才，加太子太保，移督湖廣。師方徇貴州，故李自成諸將郝永忠、袁宗第、劉體純、李來亨輩挾十餘萬人降於明，踞鄖、襄間，擾餉道。廕祖請選襄陽水師及均、黃、漢陽諸營兵二千人戍穀城，地扼上游；選武昌洞庭營兵千人戍九谿，斷通蜀道。十五年，漢陽、天門、潛江、沔陽諸郡縣水災，上命廕祖治賑，民賴以得拯。

That year Yinzu was only twenty-nine; with Hunan and Hubei at war, the sovereign recognized his ability, made him Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent, and transferred him to governor-general of Huguang. The army was then pacifying Guizhou; former Li Zicheng generals Hao Yongzhong, Yuan Zongdi, Liu Tichun, Li Laiheng, and others, with more than one hundred thousand men, had surrendered to Ming and held the Yun-Xiang region, raiding supply lines. Yinzu asked that two thousand troops be drawn from the Xiangyang naval force and the Jun, Huang, and Hanyang garrisons to garrison Gucheng, which commands the upper reaches; and one thousand troops from the Wuchang Dongting garrison to garrison Jiuxi, blocking the route into Shu. In the fifteenth year floods struck Hanyang, Tianmen, Qianjiang, Mianyang, and other prefectures and counties; the sovereign ordered Yinzu to manage relief, and the people were saved through his efforts.

十六年，經略大學士洪承疇疏請發湖北提鎮標兵六千人戍雲南，廕祖以承疇已發湖廣兵萬三千五百有奇，湖南新收降人數万，鄖、襄間流賊未殄，留兵不宜復發，請敕承疇就滇中召募，下部議行。复疏議：「討永忠等，請敕四川總督李國英帥師駐重慶，扼巫峽，阻達州；西安將軍富喀禪帥師趨興安；河南協剿兵詣襄陽合軍。臣督諸軍分出彝陵、襄陽、鄖陽，三道深入，期一舉滅賊。」疏既上，會鄭成功犯江南，詔將軍明安達哩將荊州駐防兵赴援，部議緩師期。十七年，以疾乞罷。康熙三年，卒。祀直隸、山東、河南、湖廣名宦。

In the sixteenth year frontier commissioner Hong Chengchou asked to send six thousand Hubei banner troops to Yunnan; Yinzu replied that Chengchou had already dispatched more than thirteen thousand five hundred Huguang troops, that Hunan had just absorbed tens of thousands of surrenders, and that bandits in the Yun-Xiang region were not yet destroyed; further dispatch was inadvisable, and Chengchou should recruit within Yunnan; the proposal was referred to the ministries. He memorialized again with a plan: "To suppress Yongzhong and the others, Sichuan governor-general Li Guoying should be ordered to lead troops at Chongqing, holding Wuxia Gorge and blocking Dazhou; Xi'an general Fukacan should lead troops toward Xing'an; Henan coordinated suppression troops should join the main force at Xiangyang. I will direct the armies in three columns from Yiling, Xiangyang, and Yunyang, advancing deep to destroy the bandits in one stroke." After the memorial was submitted, Zheng Chenggong invaded Jiangnan; the sovereign ordered General Mingadali to lead Jingzhou garrison troops to the relief; the ministries postponed the campaign schedule. In the seventeenth year he asked to be dismissed on grounds of illness. In the third year of Kangxi he died. He was enshrined in the temples of eminent officials of Zhili, Shandong, Henan, and Huguang.

鈵，廕祖子。事聖祖，自佐領授兵部員外郎。十三年，以參將從征吳三桂，再遷御史。二十七年，湖廣夏逢龍為亂，上授鈵湖北按察使。累擢兵部侍郎。三十五年，上親征噶爾丹，命與左都御史於成龍等督餉。三十七年，授山東巡撫，以疾辭，改授安徽巡撫。三十九年，疾未瘳，被彈事罷。四十二年，山東飢，鈵請往助賑，卒於賑所。

Bin was Yinzu's son. Serving Shengzhu, he rose from company captain to department director of the Board of War. In the thirteenth year, as regimental commander he joined the campaign against Wu Sangui and was promoted twice to censor. In the twenty-seventh year Xia Fenglong rebelled in Huguang; the sovereign appointed Bin provincial surveillance commissioner of Hubei. He was repeatedly promoted to vice minister of the Board of War. In the thirty-fifth year the sovereign personally campaigned against Galdan and ordered him, with left censor-in-chief Yu Chenglong and others, to supervise supplies. In the thirty-seventh year he was made governor of Shandong; citing illness he declined and was instead appointed governor of Anhui. In the thirty-ninth year, still unrecovered from illness, he was impeached and dismissed. In the forty-second year, when Shandong suffered famine, Bin volunteered to assist in relief and died at the relief station.

金玉和，遼東人。仕明為開原千總。太祖克開原，玉和降，授甲喇額真，予世職三等副將。漢軍旗制定，隸正黃旗。天聰五年，擢禮部承政。六年，上閱兵，玉和與額駙佟養性等率所轄烏真超哈擐甲列陣試砲，上賚以鞍馬。八年，考績，進二等副將。崇德元年，坐與吏部參政李延庚互舉子弟，罷官，降世職三等甲喇章京。二年，從武英郡王阿濟格伐明皮島，以水師戰不利，玉和不赴援，論死，上特宥之，但削世職。四年，复授甲喇額真。六年，從圍明錦州，屢敗敵。敵夜攻壕塹，擊卻之，斬級五十。七年，錦州下，並克塔山，予世職牛錄章京。八年，從鄭親王濟爾哈朗伐明寧遠，與王國光同克前屯衛、中後所二城。順治元年，擢工部參政。敘寧遠功，進三等甲喇章京。既入關，遷梅勒額真。從軍河南，署懷慶總兵官。時李自成竄陝西，餘黨掠河南，犯濟源縣城，玉和帥師往援，至則城已陷，夜半遇賊，力戰，中流矢，沒於陣。河南巡撫羅綉錦疏報得玉和遺骸於柏鄉西，請賜卹，進二等梅勒章京。乾隆初，定封二等男。

Jin Yuhe was from Liaodong. Under Ming he served as a thousand-commander at Kaiyuan. When Taizu took Kaiyuan, Yuhe surrendered, was made Jalan Ejen, and granted the hereditary rank of third-rank deputy general. When the Han Banner system was fixed, he was assigned to the Plain Yellow Banner. In the fifth year of Tiancong he was promoted to chief minister of the Board of Rites. In the sixth year at a troop review, Yuhe and the emperor's son-in-law Tong Yangxing and others led their Ujencooha in armor and drawn ranks to test cannon; the sovereign rewarded them with saddles and horses. In the eighth year, upon merit review, he was promoted to second-rank deputy general. In the first year of Chongde, for mutually recommending their sons and nephews with Board of Civil Appointments commissioner Li Yangeng, he was dismissed and his hereditary rank reduced to third-rank Jalan Zhangjing. In the second year he followed Prince Ying Ajige against Ming at Pidao; the naval force fared poorly and Yuhe failed to reinforce it; he was sentenced to death, but the sovereign specially pardoned him, stripping only his hereditary rank. In the fourth year he was again appointed Jalan Ejen. In the sixth year he joined the siege of Ming's Jinzhou and repeatedly defeated the enemy. The enemy attacked the trenches by night; he drove them back and took fifty heads. In the seventh year Jinzhou fell and Tashan was also taken; he was granted the hereditary rank of Niru Zhangjing. In the eighth year he followed Prince Zheng Jirhalang against Ming at Ningyuan and, together with Wang Guoguang, took Qiantunwei and Zhonghousuo. In the first year of the Shunzhi reign, he was promoted to Vice Minister of the Ministry of Works. In recognition of his service at Ningyuan, he was raised to third-rank Jalan Zhangjing. After the Qing armies crossed the Shanhaiguan Pass, he was promoted to Meiren Ejen. He marched with the army into Henan and was appointed acting Regional Commander of Huaqing Prefecture. Li Zicheng had by then fled to Shaanxi, but his remnants were still raiding Henan and attacked the county seat of Jiyuan. Yuhe led his forces to their relief, but by the time he arrived the city had already fallen. At midnight he met the enemy in battle, fought until an arrow struck him, and died in combat. The Governor of Henan, Luo Xiujin, reported in a memorial that Yuhe's body had been recovered west of Baixiang and petitioned for posthumous honors; Yuhe was posthumously promoted to second-rank Meiren Zhangjing. In the early Qianlong reign, the hereditary rank was standardized as second-class Baron.

金維城，玉和子也。崇德初，師攻錦州，維城以甲喇額真奉命與梅勒額真金礪督餉，屢從伐明有功。克中後所、前屯衛二城，維城亦在行間。累官正白旗漢軍梅勒額真，兼兵部參政，世職至牛錄章京。從入關，改兵部侍郎，兼梅勒額真如故。順治四年，改拜他喇布勒哈番。考績，加拖沙喇哈番。復從定湖廣，同克武岡、沅州、靖州，進一等阿達哈哈番。調正黃旗漢軍梅勒額真。十年，坐總兵任珍行賕罷官，降世職為三等。十五年，卒。

Jin Weicheng was the son of Yuhe. In the early Chongde reign, when the Qing besieged Jinzhou, Weicheng—then serving as Jalan Ejen—was ordered to supervise logistics alongside Meiren Ejen Jin Li. He took part in repeated campaigns against the Ming and distinguished himself repeatedly. When Zhonghousuo and Qiantunwei fell, Weicheng was among the troops in the field. He rose through the ranks to Meiren Ejen of the Plain White Banner Han Army while also serving as Vice Minister of the Ministry of War; the hereditary rank descended to Niru Zhangjing. After the Qing entered China proper, he was appointed Vice Minister of the Ministry of War while retaining his post as Meiren Ejen. In Shunzhi year 4, his hereditary rank was changed to Tatabure Hafan. After a performance review, he was granted the additional rank of Toosara Hafan. He joined the campaign to pacify Huguang, helping capture Wugang, Yuanzhou, and Jingzhou, and was promoted to first-rank Adaha Hafan. He was reassigned as Meiren Ejen of the Plain Yellow Banner Han Army. In Shunzhi year 10, he was dismissed from office after being implicated in bribery by Regional Commander Ren Zhen, and his hereditary rank was reduced to third class. He died in Shunzhi year 15.

子世礪，康熙間，以佐領從平南大將軍賚塔徵福建，敗敵江東橋。鄭成功將劉國軒攻漳州，世礪戰死，予世職拖沙喇哈番。

His son Shili, during the Kangxi reign, served as a Company Commander under Commander-in-Chief Saiha on the Fujian campaign and routed the enemy at Jiangdong Bridge. When Liu Guoxuan, a general under Zheng Chenggong, attacked Zhangzhou, Shili was killed in battle; he was posthumously granted the hereditary rank of Toosara Hafan.

太祖克開原，玉和與同官王一屏、戴集賓、白奇策，守堡百總戴一位降；下廣寧，游擊孫得功，守備張士彥、黃進、石廷柱，千總郎紹貞、陸國志、石天柱降；收遼河諸城堡，參將劉世勳，游擊羅萬言、何世延、閻印，都司金礪、劉式章、李維龍、王有功、陳尚智，備禦硃世勳、黃宗魯，中軍王志高，守堡閔雲龍、俞鴻漸、鄭登、崔進忠、李詩、徐鎮靜、鄭維翰、臧國祚、周元勳、王國泰，各以所守城堡來降。玉和、一屏、得功、士彥、廷柱、礪皆以有功授世職。廷柱自有傳。

After the Taizu took Kaiyuan, Yuhe, along with his fellow officers Wang Yiping, Dai Jibin, and Bai Qice, and the fort-garrison platoon leader Dai Yiwei, surrendered; When Guangning fell, Mobile Corps Commander Sun Degong, Garrison Commanders Zhang Shiyan, Huang Jin, and Shi Tingzhu, and Platoon Captains Lang Shaozhen, Lu Guozhi, and Shi Tianzhu all surrendered; As the Liao River fortresses were brought under control, Brigadier General Liu Shixun; Mobile Corps Commanders Luo Wanyan, He Shiyan, and Yan Yin; Assistant Commanders Jin Li, Liu Shizhang, Li Weilong, Wang Yougong, and Chen Shangzhi; Defense Officers Zhu Shixun and Huang Zonglu; Headquarters Officer Wang Zhigao; and fort-garrison officers Min Yunlong, Yu Hongjian, Zheng Deng, Cui Jinzhong, Li Shi, Xu Zhenjing, Zheng Weihan, Zang Guozuo, Zhou Yuanxun, and Wang Guotai each surrendered with the fortresses they had held. Yuhe, Yiping, Degong, Shiyan, Tingzhu, and Li were all granted hereditary ranks in recognition of their service. Shi Tingzhu has his own biography.

王一屏，先世本滿洲，姓完顏氏。初降，授牛錄額真。漢軍旗制定，隸正紅旗。天聰八年，授世職三等甲喇章京。旋卒。

Wang Yiping's ancestors were originally Manchu, of the Wanyan clan. When he first surrendered, he was appointed Niru Ejen. When the Han Army Banners were organized, he was assigned to the Plain Red Banner. In Tiancong year 8, he was granted the hereditary rank of third-rank Jalan Zhangjing. He died soon afterward.

子國光，以牛錄額真兼戶部理事官，襲職。擢正紅旗漢軍梅勒額真，兼戶部參政。八年，從鄭親王濟爾哈朗伐明，克前屯衛、中後所二城，進二等甲喇章京。順治元年，改戶部侍郎，兼梅勒額真如故。從定西大將軍和洛輝禦寇西安。考滿，進一等阿達哈哈番。遷本旗固山額真。六年，從英親王阿濟格討叛將薑瓖，克左衛、朔州、汾州、太谷四城。敘功，遇恩詔，累進一等阿思哈尼哈番。十年，從定遠大將軍、貝勒屯齊徵湖廣，擊敗明將李定國、孫可望。十二年，從寧海大將軍伊勒德援浙江，擊敗明將鄭成功、張名振。十三年二月，授兩廣總督，諭獎其才品，賜蟒服、鞍馬，加太子太保。十五年，以疾解任。十八年，聖祖即位，授鎮海將軍，帥師鎮潮州。康熙三年，與平南王尚可喜會師討碣石叛將蘇利，師至海豐，偵破敵伏，迳燈籠山。蘇利乘我軍未成列，以萬餘人搏戰，我軍左右夾擊，賊潰遁。薄碣石衛城，環攻拔之，斬蘇利及所部陳英、李慧等，遂殲其餘黨。五年，還京，仍任本旗都統。九年，卒，諡襄壯。

His son Guoguang inherited the rank while serving as Niru Ejen and concurrently as a managing official of the Ministry of Revenue. He was promoted to Meiren Ejen of the Plain Red Banner Han Army while also serving as Vice Minister of the Ministry of Revenue. In the eighth year he joined Prince Zheng Jirhalang's campaign against the Ming, helped capture Qiantunwei and Zhonghousuo, and was raised to second-rank Jalan Zhangjing. In Shunzhi year 1, he was appointed Vice Minister of the Ministry of Revenue while retaining his post as Meiren Ejen. He served under Western Pacification Commander-in-Chief Helohei in repelling rebels at Xi'an. After a successful performance review, he was promoted to first-rank Adaha Hafan. He was appointed Gushan Ejen of his banner. In Shunzhi year 6, he joined Prince Ying Ajige in suppressing the rebel Jiang Xiang and helped capture Zuowei, Shuozhou, Fenzhou, and Taigu. His achievements were formally recorded, and under a grace edict he was cumulatively raised to first-rank Ashan Janggin Hafan. In Shunzhi year 10, he joined Beile Tunqi, Commander-in-Chief of Distant Pacification, on the Huguang campaign and defeated the Ming generals Li Dingguo and Sun Kewang. In Shunzhi year 12, he joined Eastern Sea Pacification Commander Iletu in relieving Zhejiang and defeated the Ming generals Zheng Chenggong and Zhang Mingzhen. In the second month of Shunzhi year 13, he was appointed Governor-General of Liangguang. The throne commended his ability and character in an edict, granted him a python robe and saddle horse, and added the title Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent. In Shunzhi year 15, he resigned on account of illness. In Shunzhi year 18, when the Kangxi Emperor ascended the throne, he was appointed Military Governor of Zhenhai and commanded troops garrisoning Chaozhou. In Kangxi year 3, he joined Prince of Pingnan Shang Kexi to suppress the Jieshi rebel Su Li. When the army reached Haifeng, scouts uncovered and broke an enemy ambush, and the force pressed straight on to Denglong Mountain. Su Li struck while the Qing forces were still forming ranks, charging with more than ten thousand men. The Qing army attacked from both flanks, and the rebels broke and fled. They pressed on to Jieshi garrison city, surrounded it, and took it by storm. Su Li and his officers Chen Ying and Li Hui were beheaded, and the remaining rebels were wiped out. In Kangxi year 5, he returned to the capital and resumed his post as Banner General of his banner. He died in Kangxi year 9 and was given the posthumous title Xiangzhuang.

子永譽，字孝揚，襲爵。十二年，授河南提督。河北總兵蔡祿叛應吳三桂，內大臣阿密達帥師討之。上命永譽如懷慶，拊循士卒，因請留駐鎮撫。旋設安慶提督，以授永譽。耿精忠將宋標方自饒州犯徽州，十四年，永譽督兵駐建德，令參將傅爾學破標於餘幹，俘標，磔於市。尋移駐徽州。十七年，江西平。改永譽江南提督，駐松江。十九年，遷廣東將軍。二十年，疏言：「廣東瀕海，陸路兩鎮，請各以一營改練水師。」二十二年，復請留滿洲兵四千駐防廣東省城。皆如所議行。二十七年，授本旗都統。二十三年三月，命定北將軍瓦岱帥師屯張家口，诇噶爾丹，以永譽與都統喀岱等參贊軍務。三十五年，上親征噶爾丹，分漢軍為四營，永譽帥正黃、正紅二旗出中路，噶爾丹不戰遁。永譽與平北將軍馬斯喀督兵追躡，偵噶爾丹行遠，乃還。三十六年，從上至寧夏，命督餉運，貯黃河西岸，聞噶爾丹竄死，罷，還。四十三年，卒。乾隆十八年，命其族改隸滿洲正紅、鑲白二旗。

His son Yongyu, courtesy name Xiaoyang, inherited the hereditary rank. In Kangxi year 12, he was appointed Provincial Military Commander of Henan. Hebei Regional Commander Cai Lu rebelled in support of Wu Sangui, and Inner Minister Amidac led an army against him. The Emperor ordered Yongyu to Huaqing to reassure the troops, and he asked to remain there on garrison and pacification duty. The post of Provincial Military Commander of Anqing was then created and conferred on Yongyu. When Geng Jingzhong's general Song Biaofang invaded Huizhou from Raozhou, Yongyu in Kangxi year 14 directed troops stationed at Jiande and ordered Deputy Commander Fu Erxue to defeat Song at Yugan. Song was captured and executed by dismemberment in the marketplace. He soon moved his headquarters to Huizhou. Jiangxi was pacified in Kangxi year 17. Yongyu was reassigned as Provincial Military Commander of Jiangnan and stationed at Songjiang. In Kangxi year 19, he was transferred to Military Governor of Guangdong. In Kangxi year 20 he memorialized: "Guangdong lies on the coast and maintains two land garrisons; I request that one battalion from each be converted and trained as naval forces." In Kangxi year 22, he again requested that four thousand Manchu troops be kept on garrison duty in the provincial capital of Guangdong. All of these proposals were approved and implemented. In Kangxi year 27, he was appointed Banner General of his banner. In the third month of Kangxi year 23, Northern Pacification General Wadai was ordered to encamp at Zhangjiakou and scout Galdan's movements; Yongyu, together with Banner General Kadai and others, was appointed to assist in military affairs. In Kangxi year 35, the Emperor led a personal campaign against Galdan. The Han Army was divided into four camps, and Yongyu commanded the Plain Yellow and Plain Red Banners on the central route; Galdan fled without giving battle. Yongyu and Northern Pacification General Masike led the pursuit, but when scouts reported that Galdan was already far away, they turned back. In Kangxi year 36, he accompanied the Emperor to Ningxia and was ordered to supervise grain shipments stored on the west bank of the Yellow River. When word came that Galdan had fled and died, he was relieved of duty and returned. He died in Kangxi year 43. In Qianlong year 18, his clan was ordered to transfer to the Manchu Plain Red and Bordered White Banners.

孫得功，在明為廣寧巡撫王化貞中軍游擊，化貞倚得功為心膂。太祖圍西平堡，劉渠等赴援，令得功從。渠等戰死，得功潛納款於太祖，還言師已薄城，城人驚潰。化貞走入關，得功與進、紹貞、國誌等，率士民出城東三里望昌岡，具乘輿，設鼓樂，執旗張蓋，迎太祖入駐巡撫署，士民皆夾道俯伏呼萬歲。時天命七年正月庚申，月之二十四日也。上授得功游擊，隸鑲白旗，轄降眾，移駐義州。天聰六年十月，得功疏言：「上命修城，天寒土凍，徒勞民力而不能堅固，請俟春融。又上發帑畀官兵市布製冬衣，官已足用，兵人給銀五錢六分，得布不足以為衣，乞恩使人得市布一二疋，官兵均霑上澤。」七年四月，又疏言：「禁淡巴菰，令未能行。步兵皆用火器，尤宜申諭戒革。上令民輸糧，因禁百穀不得入市，貧民無所得食，則宜任民便。」八年，追敘得功廣寧功，授三等梅勒章京。旋卒，以其子孫有光襲。漢軍旗制定，改隸正白旗。以從克前屯衛、中後所及順治間討姜瓖有功，並遇恩詔，進三等精奇尼哈番。卒。乾隆初，定封一等男。得功次子思克，自有傳。

Under the Ming, Sun Degong served as mobile corps commander to Guangning Grand Coordinator Wang Huabian, on whom Huabian relied as his right-hand man. When the Taizu besieged Xiping Fort, Liu Qu and others marched to its relief, and Degong was ordered to accompany them. Qu and the others were killed in battle. Degong secretly submitted to the Taizu, then returned claiming that the Qing army was already at the walls, throwing the city into panic and rout. Huabian fled through the Pass into China proper. Degong, together with Jin, Shaozhen, Guozhi, and others, led soldiers and civilians three li east of the city to Wangchang Ridge, where they prepared an imperial carriage, arranged drums and music, and bore banners and canopies to welcome the Taizu into the grand coordinator's yamen. Soldiers and civilians lined the roads, prostrating themselves and shouting "Long live!" This took place on the gengshen day, the twenty-fourth day of the first month of the seventh year of Tianming. The Taizu appointed Degong mobile corps commander, assigned him to the Bordered White Banner to command surrendered troops, and transferred his garrison to Yizhou. In the tenth month of Tiancong year 6, Degong memorialized: "Your Majesty ordered repairs to the city walls, but the weather is cold and the earth frozen; the work wastes the people's labor without yielding solid results. I request that it wait until the spring thaw. Moreover, Your Majesty dispensed treasury funds for officers and soldiers to buy cloth for winter clothing. The officers already have enough, but common soldiers received only five qian and six fen of silver—barely enough for cloth to make a garment. I beg that each man be allowed to buy one or two bolts of cloth, so officers and soldiers alike may share in Your Majesty's bounty." In the fourth month of the seventh year, he memorialized again: "The ban on tobacco cannot yet be enforced. Foot soldiers all use firearms, so it is especially important to reiterate the prohibition and press for reform. Your Majesty ordered the people to deliver grain, and because all grain was barred from market sale, the poor had nothing to eat; this policy should rather be left to the people's convenience." In the eighth year, Degong's service at Guangning was retrospectively recorded, and he was granted third-rank Meiren Zhangjing. He died soon afterward, and his descendant Youguang inherited the rank. When the Han Army Banners were organized, the family was reassigned to the Plain White Banner. For joining in the capture of Qiantunwei and Zhonghousuo and for service against Jiang Xiang during the Shunzhi reign, and under a grace edict as well, he was raised to third-rank Jinggin Janggin Hafan. He died. In the early Qianlong reign, the hereditary rank was standardized as first-class Baron. Degong's second son, Sike, has his own biography.

張士彥，化貞中軍守備。太祖兵至，化貞走入關，士彥降。漢軍旗制定，隸正藍旗。天聰八年，與一屏同授三等甲喇章京。旋乞休。

Zhang Shiyan served as garrison commander in Wang Huabian's central army. When the Taizu's army arrived, Huabian fled through the Pass into China proper, and Shiyan surrendered. When the Han Army Banners were organized, he was assigned to the Plain Blue Banner. In Tiancong year 8, he and Yiping were both granted third-rank Jalan Zhangjing. He soon requested retirement.

子朝璘，襲職。崇德七年，授牛錄額真。從貝勒阿巴泰伐明，敗敵於膠州。八年，與國光同功，進二等甲喇章京。遷兵部理事官。順治二年，從豫親王多鐸下江南，克揚州、江陰，率兵戍蘇州，擊敗明將黃斐。四年，從恭順王孔有德等平湖南，破明將劉承胤於夕陽橋，克武岡；复破明將張先璧於黔陽，克沅州。六年，從討姜瓖，復與國光同功。考滿，遇恩詔，進一等阿思哈尼哈番，授正藍旗漢軍梅勒額真。十年，授都察院左副都御史。十三年，遷戶部侍郎。尋出為江西巡撫。江西當金聲桓亂後，民少田蕪，御史笪重光請蠲賦，下朝璘議。朝璘疏言：「田畝荒蕪，惟從容勸墾，則熟者恆熟，荒者不終荒。若急於徵賦，則始以荒為熟，漸至熟者仍荒，非足國恤民計也。南昌、瑞州二府新墾田四十餘頃，請三年後起科；未墾二千餘頃，請與豁除。」上允其請。十五年，加兵部尚書銜。十八年，擢江西總督。康熙二年，右布政使王庭疏請減南昌府屬浮糧，下朝璘議。朝璘疏言：「江西重賦，自陳友諒始，明世因之。前巡撫蔡士英請減袁、瑞二府賦額，未及南昌。南昌諸州縣，惟武寧為友諒鄉里，賦額循元、宋之舊。他六縣一州，請敕部核減。」戶部覈上南昌府屬浮糧銀十二萬五千有奇、米十四萬九千有奇，上命悉蠲之。三年，朝璘疏言：「吉安舊食粵鹽，遠且阻，請改食淮鹽。」下所司從之。四年，以江西總督省入江南，解任。五年，授福建總督。六年，以老疾乞休。越十餘年，卒。

His son Chaolin inherited the rank. In Chongde year 7, he was appointed Niru Ejen. He joined Beile Abatai's campaign against the Ming and defeated the enemy at Jiaozhou. In the eighth year, for the same achievements as Guoguang, he was raised to second-rank Jalan Zhangjing. He was appointed a managing official of the Ministry of War. In Shunzhi year 2, he followed Prince Yu Duoduo south of the Yangtze, helped capture Yangzhou and Jiangyin, garrisoned Suzhou with his troops, and defeated the Ming general Huang Fei. In Shunzhi year 4, he joined Prince Gongshun Kong Youde and others in pacifying Hunan, routed the Ming general Liu Chengyin at Xiyang Bridge, and captured Wugang; he again defeated the Ming general Zhang Xianbi at Qianyang and captured Yuanzhou. In Shunzhi year 6, he joined the campaign against Jiang Xiang and again earned equal credit with Guoguang. After his term review, a grace edict raised him to first-rank Ashan-i Janggin Hafan and appointed him Meile Ejen of the Plain Blue Banner Han Army. In Shunzhi year 10, he was appointed Left Vice Censor-in-Chief of the Censorate. In Shunzhi year 13, he was transferred to Vice Minister of the Board of Revenue. He was soon posted as governor of Jiangxi. After Jin Shenghuan's rebellion in Jiangxi, the population was depleted and fields lay fallow; censor Da Chongguang petitioned for tax relief, and the case was sent to Chaolin for recommendation. Chaolin memorialized: "When farmland lies abandoned, only by patiently encouraging reclamation will fertile land stay fertile and wasteland not remain waste forever. If taxes are pressed too hard, wasteland is first counted as cultivated land, and in time cultivated land turns to waste again—this serves neither the state nor the people. For more than forty qing of newly reclaimed land in Nanchang and Ruizhou prefectures, I ask that taxation begin only after three years; and for more than two thousand qing still unreclaimed, I ask for complete exemption." The emperor approved his request. In Shunzhi year 15, he was given the titular rank of Minister of War. In Shunzhi year 18, he was promoted to governor-general of Jiangxi. In Kangxi year 2, Right Provincial Admin Commissioner Wang Ting petitioned to reduce inflated grain levies under Nanchang prefecture, and the case was sent to Chaolin for recommendation. Chaolin memorialized: "Jiangxi's heavy tax burden began under Chen Youliang and was carried on through the Ming. The former governor Cai Shiying had sought reductions for Yuan and Rui prefectures but had not addressed Nanchang. Of Nanchang's subordinate prefectures and counties, only Wuning, Chen Youliang's home district, still followed Yuan and Song tax levels. For the other six counties and one subprefecture, I ask that the ministry be ordered to review and reduce their quotas." The Board of Revenue verified and reported more than 125,000 taels of excess grain silver and more than 149,000 shi of rice under Nanchang prefecture, and the emperor ordered all remitted. In Kangxi year 3, Chaolin memorialized: "Ji'an has long used Guangdong salt, which is distant and hard to supply; I ask that it be switched to Huai salt." The request was referred to the responsible offices and approved. In Kangxi year 4, when the Jiangxi governor-generalship was absorbed into Jiangnan, he was relieved of duty. In Kangxi year 5, he was appointed governor-general of Fujian. In Kangxi year 6, citing age and illness, he asked to retire. More than ten years later, he died.

金礪，遼東人。明武進士，為鎮武堡都司。初降，授甲喇額真，予世職三等副將。天聰五年，始設六部，以礪為兵部承政。六年，上閱兵，與玉和等並賜鞍馬。調戶部承政。八年，考績，進二等梅勒章京。崇德二年，從伐明，攻皮島，甲喇額真巴雅爾圖等先入敵陣，礪與副將高鴻中所將水師不進，前軍以是敗，坐論死，上以礪與鴻中來歸有功，特宥之。四年，漢軍旗制定，礪隸鑲紅旗，復為甲喇額真。五年，授吏部參政。六年，擢固山額真。迭克松山、塔山、前屯衛、中後所，授世職三等甲喇章京。順治元年，從入關，五月，與梅勒額真李率泰安集天津亂民；六月，復與固山額真葉臣宣撫山西。時李自成西遁，其將陳永福猶據太原，礪與葉臣潛往覘焉，城兵驟出，礪擊敗之，督本旗兵發砲克其城。師還，賜白金四百兩，進世職二等甲喇章京。二年，從順承郡王勒克德渾徵湖廣，明將馬進忠降复叛，礪與固山額真劉之源擊進忠武昌，奪戰艦六十餘，遂下湖南，戰衡州，斬明將黃朝宣；复戰長沙，斬明將楊國棟。師還，賜黃金二十兩、白金四百兩，進世職一等阿達哈哈番。

Jin Li was from Liaodong. A Ming military jinshi, he served as brigade commander of Zhenwu Fort. When he first surrendered, he was made Jalan Ejen and granted the hereditary rank of third-class deputy general. In Tiancong year 5, when the Six Ministries were first established, Li was appointed chief minister of the Board of War. In Tiancong year 6, when the emperor reviewed the troops, he and Yuhe and others were together granted saddled horses. He was transferred to chief minister of the Board of Revenue. In Tiancong year 8, after a performance review, he was raised to second-rank Meile Zhangjing. In Chongde year 2, during the campaign against the Ming and the attack on Pidao, Jalan Ejen Bayaritu and others broke into the enemy line first, while Li and the naval force under Vice General Gao Hongzhong failed to advance; the vanguard was routed, and Li was sentenced to death, but the emperor, noting that Li and Hongzhong had merited favor when they defected, specially pardoned him. In Chongde year 4, when the Han Army Banners were organized, Li was assigned to the Bordered Red Banner and again made Jalan Ejen. In Chongde year 5, he was appointed Vice Minister of the Board of Civil Appointments. In Chongde year 6, he was promoted to Gushan Ejen. He successively captured Songshan, Tashan, Qiantunwei, and Zhonghousuo, and was granted the hereditary rank of third-rank Jalan Zhangjing. In Shunzhi year 1, after entering the Pass, in the fifth month he and Meile Ejen Li Shuaitai pacified the unruly populace at Tianjin; In the sixth month he again joined Gushan Ejen Yechen in pacifying and reassuring Shanxi. Li Zicheng had already fled west, but his general Chen Yongfu still held Taiyuan; Li and Yechen went secretly to reconnoiter, and when garrison troops suddenly sallied out, Li routed them, directed his banner troops in bombarding the city, and took it. On returning from campaign, he received four hundred taels of silver and was raised in hereditary rank to second-rank Jalan Zhangjing. In Shunzhi year 2, following Prince Shuncheng Lekdehun against Huguang, the Ming general Ma Jinzhong surrendered and then rebelled again; Li and Gushan Ejen Liu Zhiyuan attacked Jinzhong at Wuchang, captured more than sixty warships, then pushed into Hunan, fought at Hengzhou, and beheaded the Ming general Huang Chaoxuan; He fought again at Changsha and beheaded the Ming general Yang Guodong. On returning from campaign, he received twenty taels of gold and four hundred taels of silver, and was raised in hereditary rank to first-rank Adaha Hafan.

六月，授平南將軍，鎮浙江。遇恩詔，加拖沙喇哈番。明魯王以海及其臣阮進、張名振屯舟山，礪與梅勒額真吳汝玠等率兵自寧波出定海，會總督陳錦破獲進於橫洋，遂克舟山，名振擁以海出走。九年，鄭成功攻漳州，命礪帥師赴援，至泉州，成功退屯江東橋。礪自長泰進屯漳州城北，分兵萬松關為犄角，七戰皆勝，漳州圍解，海澄、南靖、漳浦諸縣悉定。敘功，遇恩詔，進一等阿思哈尼哈番兼拖沙喇哈番。十一年，授陝西四川總督。十三年，引年乞休，加太子太保致仕。康熙元年，卒。

In the sixth month he was appointed Pacification General of the South and posted to garrison Zhejiang. Upon a grace edict he was granted Toosara Hafan. The Ming Prince of Lu, Yihai, and his ministers Ruan Jin and Zhang Mingzhen were encamped at Zhoushan; Li and Meile Ejen Wu Rujie and others led troops from Ningbo through Dinghai, joined Governor Chen Jin in defeating and capturing Jin at Hengyang, then took Zhoushan, while Mingzhen fled with Yihai. In Shunzhi year 9, when Zheng Chenggong attacked Zhangzhou, Li was ordered to lead relief troops; reaching Quanzhou, he found Chenggong had withdrawn to Jiangdong Bridge. Li advanced from Changtai and encamped north of Zhangzhou, detached troops at Wansong Pass as a supporting wing, won all seven battles, lifted the siege of Zhangzhou, and pacified Haicheng, Nanjing, Zhangpu, and the other counties. For his achievements, and upon a grace edict, he was raised to first-rank Ashan-i Janggin Hafan with Toosara Hafan additionally. In Shunzhi year 11, he was appointed governor-general of Shaanxi and Sichuan. In Shunzhi year 13, citing his years, he asked to retire and was granted Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent upon leaving office. He died in Kangxi year 1.

論曰：養性、廷柱先世本滿洲，懷舊來歸，申以婚媾。永芳歸附最先，思忠為遼左右族，皆蒙寵遇，各有賢子，振其家聲。光遠初佐養性，後與廷柱分將漢軍，罷而復起。玉和戰死。同時諸降將有績效，賞延於世，或其子顯者，得以類從。後先奔走，才亦盛矣。

The annalists say Yangxing and Tingzhu were of Manchu descent; drawn by old ties they returned, and marriage alliances were granted them. Yongfang was the first to defect; Sizhong came from a leading Liaodong clan; all received imperial favor, and each had worthy sons who restored their family standing. Guangyuan first served under Yangxing; later he and Tingzhu separately commanded Han Army forces, and though dismissed, he was restored to office. Yuhe fell in battle. Other defecting generals of the time who had served well received rewards extending to their heirs; or if their sons were distinguished, they could be grouped here by kind. Serving one after another in urgent duty, their talent was truly abundant.

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