1
列傳一百二
Biographies 102
4
Gao Tianxi was a native of Xining in Gansu. Tianxi was originally a Zunghar who had been taken prisoner by the Qing forces during the Yongzheng reign. The Gao family adopted and raised him as their son, and he was entered on their clan register accordingly. He took up military service and rose through repeated promotions to the post of defender of Baoning Fort. In the twenty-second year of the Qianlong reign, when Deputy General-in-Chief Zhaohui marched against Ili, Tianxi went as a subordinate of Colonel Maisihan to reinforce him. They came upon a band of more than a hundred Galjut rebels, routed them, and seized their camels and horses. Soon afterward they learned that Zhaohui was trapped at Jierhalang. When a rapid rescue was proposed, Maisihan hung back out of fear and refused to move. Yarghashi, the minister resident at Barkul, reported the matter to the throne, and the emperor at once removed Maisihan from office and put Tianxi in command. He was soon promoted to assistant deputy commander at Jinta. He was promoted again to commander of the Xining garrison and appointed a leading-column grand minister. In the tenth month of the twenty-third year, as the army advanced on Yarkand, Zhaohui proposed a flanking march along a side route to seize the enemy baggage train and cross the Black River. Tianxi directed his men in building a bridge to get the army across, but before even half the force had crossed, a large rebel host appeared. Hearing that Zhaohui was caught in the enemy lines, Tianxi left the bridge unfinished and rushed to his relief. He fought the rebels with desperate valor and fell in battle together with E Shi, San Ge, and Tetonge. The emperor composed a poem lamenting his death. He was posthumously honored with the title Guoyi, and his family was granted a thousand taels of silver besides.
5
E Shi, of the Xilin Gioro clan, belonged to the Manchu Bordered Blue Banner and was the second son of Grand Secretary Ortai. He was established as heir to his uncle E Li. Through hereditary privilege he received appointment as a third-rank imperial bodyguard. He rose through successive promotions to vice commander of his banner and commander of the Left Vanguard. When his elder brother Erong'an was killed in Amursana's rebellion, E Shi volunteered for active service. He was appointed deputy assisting grand minister to support Pacification General Cheng'enjab on the western campaign route. In the summer of the twenty-second year, Cheng'enjab ordered a pursuit of Zanagarbu, but E Shi turned the troops back halfway, pleading dangerous terrain and exhausted horses. The emperor sent a personal edict of rebuke: "If the ground is too dangerous, how do the rebels manage to cross it? If our horses are worn out, why are the enemy's horses alone still fresh and strong?" He was demoted to the rank of blue-plume imperial bodyguard. That winter he pursued the Zhahakin rebels, killing more than a hundred and forty of them and capturing livestock and arms. The emperor remarked, "There is heavy snow now, and the horses ought to be exhausted—yet you were still able to rout the rebels. When you were deputy assisting grand minister, you used to push every difficulty off onto the general. Now that you are under a cloud, you charge straight at the enemy—I see what you are really about." He was nevertheless promoted to third-rank imperial bodyguard. He died in action. The emperor ordered that he receive the condolence grants due a vanguard commander and honored him posthumously with the title Guozhuang.
6
San Ge, of the Donggo clan, belonged to the Manchu Plain White Banner. Having passed the licentiate examination, he was appointed a blue-plume imperial bodyguard. He rose through successive promotions to vice commander at Heilongjiang. He was ordered to lead three thousand Solon and Barghu troops in support of Deputy Assisting Grand Minister Celeng on the western route and was appointed a leading-column grand minister. When Celeng was arrested for cowardice, San Ge was stripped of office as well. He was soon reappointed vice commander of the Mongol Plain White Banner. He attacked the Khurlet taiji Sayinbelik and others, fought them twice, and raided their pastures, for which he was granted the hereditary rank of third-class commandant of light chariots. In the spring of the twenty-second year, Pacification General Cheng'enjab ordered a pursuit of Zanagarbu, but failed to take him. In autumn the army reached Boluheluo, where San Ge engaged more than a hundred rebel households led by Elinjindawa and others. The Burut taiji Hunqi and the Khurlet taiji Dawa had killed Zanagarbu and now offered a false surrender, asking also to bring over Elinjindawa. San Ge believed them, withdrew the army at once, and Hunqi and his party promptly fled. He was dismissed from office, stripped of his hereditary rank as well, and reduced to serving in the ranks to redeem himself. He died in action. The emperor ordered that he receive the condolence grants due a vice commander and honored him posthumously with the title Gangyong.
7
Tianxi, E Shi, and San Ge were all enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty and granted the combined hereditary ranks of commandant of cavalry and commandant of the cloud cavalry. After the Muslim regions were pacified, their portraits were hung in the Hall of Purple Splendor. Tetonge was Celeng's son; his career is recorded in Celeng's biography.
8
He Qi, of the Magiya clan, belonged to the Manchu Bordered Blue Banner. His ancestor Ayinbu received the hereditary rank of baitalabure hafan at the founding of the dynasty for military service. He Qi inherited the rank and was appointed a garrison colonel at Mukden. He rose through successive promotions to vice commander at Ningxia. In the nineteenth year of the Qianlong reign he was ordered, together with imperial bodyguard Haifu, to lead a thousand men in support of Pacification-of-the-West General Yongchang's campaign against Dawachi, and was promoted to general at Ningxia. Yongchang impeached He Qi for bringing fewer troops than required, but He Qi had already reported that he would advance with nine hundred men and leave a hundred to guard the baggage train. When the emperor read Yongchang's memorial, he declined to punish He Qi. He was soon appointed, together with provincial commander Dou Bin, minister resident at Barkul. When Celeng replaced Yongchang as Pacification-of-the-West General, he impeached He Qi again for tardiness in moving troops and horses. He Qi should have been dismissed, but was allowed to remain in office. His rank was soon restored, he received the seal of an imperial commissioner, and he was summoned to the capital for consultation on military affairs. The zaisangs Nemuku, Manji, Udahundu, and others under Dashdawa had slipped away from the army to return to their pastures. He Qi was ordered to investigate the matter rigorously and established the facts beyond dispute. Surrendered tribesmen pleaded for leniency, but the emperor refused and ordered them dealt with under military law.
9
In the eleventh month of the twenty-first year, the Khoyit taiji Bayar rebelled and raided more than five hundred Zhahakin households. Pacification Deputy General-in-Chief Zhaohui ordered He Qi to take a hundred Solon troops to look into the affair and summoned the Turfan beg Mangalik and others to assemble at Buzhan. Meanwhile the Galjut zaisang Hasake Xila and the Burut taiji Nima were secretly in league with Bayar and falsely promised to meet He Qi with five hundred men. When He Qi saw troops approaching, he became suspicious. He sent Mangalik to scout them out, and Mangalik lied, reporting, "They are our own troops!" Before long Nima and his men advanced with weapons drawn. Mangalik raised a shout from the rear, and rebel forces swarmed in from every side. He Qi had only a hundred men under his command. Badly wounded, he killed several rebels with his own blade, took a musket ball in the thigh, and fought on foot through the day until nightfall, when his strength gave out. As he lay dying, He Qi ordered the Solon bodyguards Nugude and Zhangjinbu to fight their way out and report to Zhaohui, using the peacock feather he wore as proof of their message. Then he died. He was posthumously honored with the title Wulie, ennobled as a first-class baron with descent by a first-class viscount, and enshrined in both the Shrine of Worthy Officials and the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty. In the twenty-third year, after the army returned, Nima and his son were captured, sent to the capital in cages, and ordered executed before He Qi's tomb. His son Helongwu has a biography of his own.
10
唐喀祿，他塔喇氏，蒙古正藍旗人。 自筆帖式再遷理籓院員外郎。 乾隆十九年，賜副都統銜，命赴北路軍董理新降輝特台吉阿睦爾撒納、班珠爾等游牧地。 唐喀祿疏言：「班珠爾所屬多老稚不能耕，慮飢餒。」 上以距耕時尚遠，責其瑣屑，命撤還。 扎薩克林丕勒多爾濟初命同董理游牧，將軍別有指揮，唐喀祿疏請留。 上責其不當，左遷理籓院筆帖式。 尋复授員外郎，命送濟隆呼圖克圖自巴林赴伊犁，董理定邊右副將軍薩喇爾游牧。 复賜副都統銜，授領隊大臣，將駐防扎布堪兵千人，從定邊右副將軍哈達哈赴哈薩克，逐捕阿睦爾撒納。 賊渠固爾班和卓遁入烏梁海，唐喀祿報哈達哈督兵擒之，賜孔雀翎。 阿睦爾撒納令其徒達瓦藏布入掠，唐喀祿令索倫總管鄂博什將五百人御之，降其眾三百。 尋命屯科布多。 授理籓院侍郎、鑲藍旗蒙古副都統。
Tang Kalu, of the Tatara clan, belonged to the Mongol Plain Blue Banner. Starting as a clerk, he was promoted twice to vice director in the Court of Colonial Affairs. In the nineteenth year of the Qianlong reign he received the brevet rank of vice commander and was sent to the northern army to oversee the pastures of the newly surrendered Khoyit taijis Amursana, Banzhur, and others. Tang Kalu memorialized, "Many of those under Banzhur are old or young and cannot farm; I fear they will go hungry." The emperor replied that the planting season was still far off, rebuked him for fussing over trifles, and ordered him recalled. The jasak Lambeldorji had originally been ordered to oversee the pastures jointly with him, but when the general issued separate instructions Tang Kalu memorialized asking to stay on. The emperor rebuked him for overstepping his authority and demoted him to clerk in the Court of Colonial Affairs. He was soon reappointed vice director and ordered to escort the Jilong Khutuktu from Baringol to Ili and to oversee the pastures of Pacification Deputy General-in-Chief Sarlar. He received the brevet rank of vice commander again, was appointed a leading-column grand minister, and led a thousand garrison troops from Zhabukan in support of Pacification Deputy General-in-Chief Hadaha's march into Kazakhstan to hunt down Amursana. The rebel leader Gurbankhoja fled into Uriankhai. Tang Kalu urged Hadaha to press the pursuit and capture him, and was rewarded with a peacock feather. Amursana sent his follower Davazangbu on a raiding incursion. Tang Kalu ordered Solon commander Eboshi to meet him with five hundred men and accepted the surrender of three hundred of his followers. He was soon ordered to establish a garrison at Kobdo. He was appointed vice president of the Court of Colonial Affairs and vice commander of the Mongol Bordered Blue Banner.
11
唐喀祿行按諸部，輝特降人屯紮克賽，每自相劫奪，請移屯呼倫貝爾、齊齊哈爾諸地； 喀爾喀俘獲扎哈沁、特楞古特、奇爾吉斯、烏爾罕濟蘭諸部人萬餘，請以扎哈沁人移駐卡倫內； 特楞古特、奇爾吉斯、烏爾罕濟蘭人給東三省兵丁為奴； 杜爾伯特游牧請移烏蘭固木：上並從其請。 師出西路擊哈薩克錫喇，命唐喀祿屯額爾齊斯為聲援。 阿睦爾撒納敗走，唐喀祿诇知杜爾伯特貝勒巴圖博羅特、台吉阿喇善等潛與相結； 遣兵攻之輝巴朗山，擒阿喇善等，並戮烏梁海五十餘戶，遂赴塔爾巴哈台逐捕阿睦爾撒納及哈薩克錫喇，賜御用荷包、鼻煙壺。 師至塔爾巴哈台，糧罄馬乏，唐喀祿引師退，疏言遵旨撤兵，上怒，左授藍翎侍衛，佐定邊左副將軍納穆扎爾出北路。 降人和碩齊，上擢用至散秩大臣，至是令護哈薩克來使入邊，上命納穆扎爾遣唐喀祿將二百人迎之。 阿睦爾撒納竄俄羅斯，上命唐喀祿偕和碩齊駐額爾齊斯偵禦。
While touring the tribes, Tang Kalu found that Khoyit who had surrendered and been settled at Zakasai were constantly raiding one another. He asked that they be relocated to Hulunbuir, Qiqihar, and other districts; more than ten thousand captives from the Zhahakin, Terengut, Kirghiz, and Urhanjilan tribes taken by the Khalkha—he proposed moving the Zhahakin inside the border posts; assigning the Terengut, Kirghiz, and Urhanjilan as bond servants to troops in the Three Eastern Provinces; and relocating Durbot pastures to Ulan Gom—the emperor approved every request. When the army marched on the western route against Kazakh Xila, Tang Kalu was ordered to hold the Irtysh line as a supporting force. After Amursana was defeated and fled, Tang Kalu learned through intelligence that the Durbot beile Batuborot, the taiji Alashan, and others were secretly in league with him; He sent troops against them at Huibolang Mountain, captured Alashan and others, and executed more than fifty Uriankhai households besides. He then pressed on to Tarbagatai in pursuit of Amursana and Kazakh Xila and was rewarded with an imperial purse and snuff bottle from the emperor's own hand. When the army reached Tarbagatai, provisions ran out and the horses were exhausted. Tang Kalu withdrew the force and memorialized that he was obeying orders to pull back. The emperor was furious, demoted him to blue-plume imperial bodyguard, and sent him to assist Pacification Left Deputy General-in-Chief Namuzhar on the northern route. Among the surrendered leaders was Khoshuuchi, whom the emperor had promoted as far as minister without portfolio. He was now ordered to escort the Kazakh envoy across the border, and the emperor directed Namuzhar to send Tang Kalu with two hundred men to meet him. When Amursana fled into Russia, the emperor ordered Tang Kalu and Khoshuuchi to hold the Irtysh line on reconnaissance and defense.
12
In the third month of the twenty-third year, when the Torghut Shelen and others plotted to flee to Russia, the emperor ordered Tang Kalu and Khoshuuchi to pursue and capture them. In the fourth month the army halted on the Bugutu River and captured Shelen's younger brother Laochangzhab. Laochangzhab falsely offered surrender on his brother's behalf. Tang Kalu was unwilling to trust him, but Khoshuuchi promptly sent him back. The next day Shelen feigned agreement to surrender and offered wine. Khoshuuchi drank it and invited Tang Kalu to his camp, where the rebels suddenly rose in uproar. Tang Kalu and the bodyguards Fuxier, Mulunbao, and Fo'erqing'e fought to the last and were all killed. Khoshuuchi changed clothes and went over to the enemy. When word reached the court, he was granted the hereditary rank of commandant of cavalry and enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty. Fuxier and Fo'erqing'e both belonged to the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; Mulunbao belonged to the Manchu Plain White Banner. All three were granted the hereditary rank of commandant of the cloud cavalry.
13
A Mindao, of the Turguci clan, belonged to the Mongol Bordered Red Banner. His family had long lived in Chahar. His father Ajisi had served as a vice director on the campaign against Galdan in the Kangxi reign. When provisions ran out midway, the troops were left starving. Ajisi addressed the troops, saying, "We officers and soldiers have received the dynasty's grace for generations and are ready to die on the march. We swear to press forward with all our strength." The men all assented. There followed the victory at Zhaomodu. The Kangxi Emperor praised his conduct and granted him the hereditary rank of tosahura hafan. He died.
14
阿敏道，襲職。 雍正初，累遷二等侍衛。 九年，命將巴里呼兵百人自固爾班塞堪赴巴爾坤佐軍，又命偕侍讀學士查克丹調喀爾喀兵三千率之往。 尋复偕護軍統領費雅思哈赴烏爾輝音扎罕練兵。 乾隆元年，準噶爾乞和，撤軍，阿敏道還京，授鑲藍旗察哈爾總管。 十九年，師收烏梁海，將察哈爾兵以從，加副都統銜。 二十年，遷所獲巴爾沁人等於齊拉罕。 師定伊犁，定北將軍班第奏以阿敏道督台站。 是年，阿睦爾撒納叛，班第陷賊。 阿巴噶斯、哈丹附逆肆掠，台站中斷。 阿敏道輒督兵巡徼，使驛遞恆得相續。 會定西將軍永常自木壘退駐烏爾圖布拉克，撤阿敏道還。 上奪永常官，以策楞代將。 命阿敏道將精騎詣伊犁求班第消息。 策楞不即遣，上詰責之。 尋將千人捕阿巴噶斯、哈丹賊眾。
A Mindao inherited the rank. Early in the Yongzheng reign he rose through successive promotions to second-rank imperial bodyguard. In the ninth year he was ordered to lead a hundred Barghu troops from Gurbansaihan to Barkul to support the campaign, and was also directed, together with Hanlin reader Zhakedan, to mobilize three thousand Khalkha troops and lead them there. He soon joined garrison commander Feiyasaha at Wuerhuiyinzhahan to drill troops. In the first year of the Qianlong reign the Zunghars sued for peace and the army withdrew. A Mindao returned to the capital and was appointed commander of the Chahar Bordered Blue Banner. In the nineteenth year, when the army recovered Uriankhai, he led Chahar troops on the campaign and received the brevet rank of vice commander. In the twentieth year he relocated the captured Barghin and others to Qilahan. After the army pacified Ili, Pacification-of-the-North General Bandi recommended A Mindao to supervise the courier stations. That same year Amursana rebelled and Bandi was trapped by the enemy. Abaghas and Hadan joined the rebellion and raided freely, severing the courier lines. A Mindao repeatedly led patrols so that the relay posts could stay in contact. Pacification-of-the-West General Yongchang had meanwhile withdrawn from Mulei to Wuerhtubulake and recalled A Mindao. The emperor removed Yongchang from office and put Celeng in command. He ordered A Mindao to take picked cavalry to Ili to learn Bandi's fate. Celeng did not send him at once, and the emperor rebuked him for the delay. He soon led a thousand men against the rebel bands of Abaghas and Hadan and captured them.
15
In the twenty-first year he was appointed vice commander of the Mongol Bordered Blue Banner. The Muslim chieftains Burhanuddin and Khojijaha were then nursing rebellious designs. Zhaohui learned this through intelligence and sent A Mindao with a hundred Solon troops and three thousand Oirat troops to Yarkand and Kashgar to reassure the populace and summon the two khojas. When he reached Kucha, Khojijaha was there and shut the gates against the Qing forces. A Mindao killed more than forty mounted scouts and laid siege to the city. The townspeople deceived him, saying, "The Oirats are our enemies, and we fear they will harm us. Withdraw them and we will surrender at once." A Mindao then ordered the Oirat troops to withdraw, keeping only a hundred Solon soldiers. When some warned of treachery, A Mindao said, "I am winning over the Muslim people solely for the good of the state. How can I spare thought for anything else?" He entered the city and was seized by Khojijaha.
16
In the twenty-second year the emperor ordered the generals to demand Khojijaha's return of A Mindao. Khojijaha refused and plotted to kill him. The Kucha beg Hudaibar warned him. A Mindao tried to escape but failed and was killed. The acting second-class baron and Chahar camp commander Wangzhale, together with staff officers Bengke, Noujinchui, Zhamusu,
17
Qi, Bakasashi, and a hundred Solon soldiers all died with him. After the rebellion was crushed, meritorious officers were portrayed in the Hall of Purple Splendor. A Mindao was ranked among the latter fifty meritorious ministers, his hereditary rank was raised to commandant of cavalry with an additional commandant of the cloud cavalry, and he was enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty. Wangzhale received an additional grant of commandant of the cloud cavalry; Bengke and the others were all granted the hereditary rank of commandant of the cloud cavalry.
18
滿福，瓜爾佳氏，滿洲鑲藍旗人。 自世管佐領累擢拉林副都統。 乾隆二十二年，遷都統，駐巴里坤。 命將吉林兵千人屯吐魯番，尋授領隊大臣。 定邊將軍成袞扎佈出珠勒都斯，令滿福將三百人巡視阿勒輝至烏納哈特十三台站，搜剿嗎哈沁。 沙拉斯、嗎唬斯既降复叛，掠台站，上命滿福自阿勒輝往剿，又令巴里坤辦事大臣阿里袞帥師與會。 阿里袞未至，滿福師次肯色嶺，與賊遇，擊之，賊敗走，偽遣人乞降，且言賊渠已就縛，請除道迎。 滿福信之，行次哈喇和落，徑險林密，下臨深溝。 滿福悟為賊所紿，急麾前隊返。 賊千餘突自林中出，圍我師。 滿福厲聲督兵力戰，被創墜溝，死之。 上以滿福雖為賊所愚，愍其捐軀，命如陣亡例議卹，諡武毅，祀昭忠祠，圖形紫光閣。
Man Fu, of the Guwalgiya clan, belonged to the Manchu Bordered Blue Banner. Starting as a hereditary company commander, he rose through successive promotions to vice commander at Lalin. In the twenty-second year of the Qianlong reign he was promoted to commander-in-chief and stationed at Barkul. He was ordered to lead a thousand Jilin troops to garrison Turfan and was soon appointed a leading-column grand minister. When Pacification General Cheng'enjab marched out of Zhuledusi, he ordered Man Fu to lead three hundred men along the thirteen courier stations from Alehui to Wuna'hate to hunt down the Mahajin. Shalasi and Mahusi had surrendered but rebelled again and raided the courier stations. The emperor ordered Man Fu to move from Alehui against them and directed minister resident at Barkul Arigun to bring troops to join the operation. Before Arigun arrived, Man Fu's force halted at Kense Ridge, met the rebels, and drove them off. The enemy then sent men with a false offer of surrender, claiming their leader was already bound and asking that the road be cleared to receive them. Man Fu believed them. At Halaholuo the path ran through dense forest along the edge of a deep ravine. Man Fu realized the rebels had deceived him and urgently ordered the vanguard to turn back. More than a thousand rebels burst from the forest and surrounded his force. Man Fu shouted orders and fought on fiercely until, wounded, he fell into the ravine and died. Though Man Fu had been fooled by the rebels, the emperor pitied his sacrifice and ordered condolence grants on the same terms as for death in battle. He was posthumously honored with the title Wuyi, enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty, and portrayed in the Hall of Purple Splendor.
19
Dou Bin was a native of Guyuan in Shaanxi. He began as a cavalry soldier in the provincial commander's establishment and rose through successive promotions to defender of the central battalion of the Suzhou garrison. During the Yongzheng reign he served on the campaign against the Zunghars. He fought fiercely, was wounded, and was rewarded with four hundred taels of silver. He was promoted to brigade commander of the vanguard battalion under the Sichuan-Shaanxi governor-general. When the Zunghars invaded Keshetu, he led troops and drove them off. Early in the Qianlong reign he rose to provincial commander, transferring from Guangdong to Guangxi. He memorialized, "In the various battalions the old-pattern muskets vary greatly in size. Whether troops sit, lie, lean, or crouch, the weapons cannot be handled readily; moreover the metal is thin and overheats easily, so they are of little practical use. Please have them remade according to the Shaanxi Wei-series wrapped-silk musket pattern." The matter was referred to the governor-general of the Two Guangs for implementation. He was soon transferred back to Guyuan. He was then ordered to hold the brevet rank of provincial commander while directing the Yichang garrison in Hubei. He soon served again in succession as provincial commander of Gansu and Anxi. Ordered to campaign against the Zunghars, he led his troops to garrison Barkul. Because he delivered army horses late, the case was referred to the judicial authorities. He soon pleaded illness and was dismissed.
20
After several months he was reappointed provincial commander of Anxi and again ordered to join Zhaohui's army at Barkul. When the army attacked Khojijaha at Kucha, Bin was ordered to lead his troops, appointed a leading-column grand minister, and assigned to patrol the courier roads around Lukchak, Buzhan, Kucha, and neighboring districts. When Zhaohui was trapped at the Black River, Bin followed Deputy General-in-Chief Fude from Aksu on forced marches to relieve him. At Khur the army met Khojijaha with five thousand men. The Qing forces divided into two wings while the rebels held the high ground. Bin led the central column's firearms troops in the assault. Seeing that the Qing horses were exhausted, the rebels pressed forward in dense masses. Arigun sent up fresh horses. Bin and the other generals attacked from both sides. Though wounded in the flank, he kept fighting until the rebels were routed. His wounds proved fatal. He was posthumously honored with the title Zhuangjie, enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty, and granted the combined ranks of commandant of cavalry and commandant of the cloud cavalry. The emperor composed a poem lamenting his death. After the Muslim regions were pacified, his portrait was hung in the Hall of Purple Splendor. His grandson Shu inherited the hereditary rank and rose to commander of the Dengzhou garrison in Shandong.
21
Duanjibu, of the Guwalgiya clan, belonged to the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner. Starting in the vanguard, he rose through successive promotions to first-rank imperial bodyguard and commander of the Chahar Bordered Yellow Banner. In the twenty-second year of the Qianlong reign the emperor ordered a thousand picked troops to assist Pacification General Zhaohui on the western route. Marching from Zhuerutusi to Manas, he captured Demuchi Eluosi together with three hundred followers and more than two thousand horses, camels, cattle, and sheep. When the Zhahakin leader Bahamanji rebelled and fled, Duanjibu and bodyguard Kuimadai pursued him to Xiaoweihelejin, accepted the surrender of two hundred households, and also captured the bandit Zhamubu, who had been raiding courier stations. While the army was pursuing the Oirat leaders Galdan Dorji, Zanagarbu, and others, the Burut taiji Hunqi and the Khurlet taiji Dawa killed Zanagarbu and came to Duanjibu's camp to offer surrender. Duanjibu abruptly withdrew the army, and Hunqi and Dawa rebelled and fled again. The emperor, angered that Duanjibu had been too indulgent, ordered Pacification General Yarghashi to investigate and discipline him. At Luokelunmengutuling the army captured Galdan Dorji's zaisang Luobuzhanima and Demuchi Dunduoke and sent them in cages to Barkul. When word reached the court, the emperor ordered Duanjibu's offense pardoned.
22
When the Zhahakin Demuchi Halebai and others plotted to raid courier stations, Deputy Assisting Grand Minister Haning'a ordered Duanjibu to capture them. At Manas he seized more than ten spies. Crossing the river to Meiluotuo Mountain, he found the rebels had fled and seized their pastoral livestock. When the army besieged Kucha, Duanjibu led Jilin and Oirat troops on the campaign. Khojijaha brought three thousand men from Sayram to reinforce the city and encamped on high ground. Duanjibu, bodyguard Shunden'a, and others attacked fiercely and killed more than two thousand of the enemy. During the attack on Yarkand, Khojijaha built fortifications northeast of the city. Duanjibu and bodyguard Nuoerben led the right-wing rear column against them. The rebels resisted, and more than two thousand were killed again. When Zhaohui was trapped at the Black River, Duanjibu followed Pacification Left Deputy General-in-Chief Fude to relieve him. After more than ten battles they reached Khur and joined Zhaohui's army. Duanjibu was granted the hereditary rank of third-class commandant of light chariots and appointed vice commander of the Manchu Bordered Red Banner.
23
As the army pursued the rebels through the battles at Altur and Yixihukuer Lake, Duanjibu led two hundred men to cut off their escape. Scouts reported a rebel stockade on the mountain. He crossed the ridge to attack it, was wounded, and was granted the title Tashibatur. After the army returned, his portrait was hung in the Hall of Purple Splendor among the first fifty meritorious ministers. He died and was posthumously promoted to commander-in-chief, honored with the title Zhuangjie, and enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty. An edict declared, "Duanjibu fought fiercely and was wounded—his service is no different from death in battle."
24
Nuoerben, of the Ujigit clan, belonged to the Manchu Plain Blue Banner. He served on campaign as a vanguard soldier. Fude captured the zaisang Ubashi and sent Nuoerben to deliver him to Zhaohui's army. On the march he met rebels and fought fiercely, for which he was granted the title Kechoubatur. When the army besieged Kucha, Khojijaha marched to relieve the city. Nuoerben, together with Gonggunchuke and bodyguards Qilingzhab, Qinuhun, and others, struck the enemy's right wing. The rebels broke and fled, and the pursuers drove them more than sixty li to the mouth of the Egen River, killing and capturing a great number; the survivors fled into Subashi Mountain. He entered the mountains again with Qinuhun to hunt them down, and the emperor warmly praised him in an edict. During the attack on Yarkand he fought alongside Duanjibu east of the city and routed the rebels. After the army returned, he was ordered to serve at the Qianqing Gate, rewarded with silver and silks, granted the hereditary ranks of commandant of cavalry with an additional commandant of the cloud cavalry, and portrayed in the Hall of Purple Splendor. He was promoted to first-rank imperial bodyguard and followed Mingrui on the Burma campaign, where he was wounded in action. He was soon ordered to lead a garrison at Tengyue. On returning to the capital he was promoted to director of the imperial hunting grounds and given the brevet rank of vice commander. He died.
25
The commentator writes: Gao Tianxi was brave and skilled in battle. Together with E Shi and San Ge he fought with desperate valor to break the enemy lines, and among those who fell in service his death was the most heroic. He Qi and the others, caught off guard and trapped by the enemy, gave their lives with noble resolve. Bin and Duanjibu, though wounded in fierce fighting rather than killed outright, were honored to share the sacrificial rites with those who died in battle. This is how courage should be honored and loyalty encouraged.