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列傳一百二
Biographies 102
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高天喜鄂實三格和起唐喀祿阿敏道滿福
Gao Tianxi, E Shi, San Ge, He Qi, Tang Kalu, A Mindao, Man Fu
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豆斌端濟布諾爾本
Dou Bin, Duanjibu, Nuoerben
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高天喜，甘肅西寧人。 天喜本準噶爾人，雍正中為我師所俘。 高氏撫為子，因從其族籍。 從軍，累擢保寧堡守備。 乾隆二十二年，副將軍兆惠擊伊犁，天喜從參將邁斯漢赴援。 遇噶勒雜特賊百餘，擊殺之，獲其駝馬。 既，聞兆惠被困濟爾哈朗，議馳救，邁斯漢怯不進。 巴里坤辦事大臣雅爾哈善以聞，上即奪邁斯漢官以命天喜。 尋遷金塔協副將。 再遷西寧鎮總兵，授領隊大臣。 二十三年十月，師攻葉爾羌，兆惠議出間道襲取賊輜重，渡黑水。 天喜督兵修橋渡師，未及半，賊大至。 天喜聞兆惠陷賊陣，舍橋亟赴之，奮與賊戰，與鄂實、三格、特通額俱沒於陣。 上賦詩惜之。 諡果義，又賜其家白金千。
Gao Tianxi was a native of Xining in Gansu. Tianxi was originally a Zunghar who had been taken prisoner by the Qing forces during the Yongzheng reign. The Gao family adopted and raised him as their son, and he was entered on their clan register accordingly. He took up military service and rose through repeated promotions to the post of defender of Baoning Fort. In the twenty-second year of the Qianlong reign, when Deputy General-in-Chief Zhaohui marched against Ili, Tianxi went as a subordinate of Colonel Maisihan to reinforce him. They came upon a band of more than a hundred Galjut rebels, routed them, and seized their camels and horses. Soon afterward they learned that Zhaohui was trapped at Jierhalang. When a rapid rescue was proposed, Maisihan hung back out of fear and refused to move. Yarghashi, the minister resident at Barkul, reported the matter to the throne, and the emperor at once removed Maisihan from office and put Tianxi in command. He was soon promoted to assistant deputy commander at Jinta. He was promoted again to commander of the Xining garrison and appointed a leading-column grand minister. In the tenth month of the twenty-third year, as the army advanced on Yarkand, Zhaohui proposed a flanking march along a side route to seize the enemy baggage train and cross the Black River. Tianxi directed his men in building a bridge to get the army across, but before even half the force had crossed, a large rebel host appeared. Hearing that Zhaohui was caught in the enemy lines, Tianxi left the bridge unfinished and rushed to his relief. He fought the rebels with desperate valor and fell in battle together with E Shi, San Ge, and Tetonge. The emperor composed a poem lamenting his death. He was posthumously honored with the title Guoyi, and his family was granted a thousand taels of silver besides.
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鄂實，西林覺羅氏，滿洲鑲藍旗人，大學士鄂爾泰第二子。 出為叔父鄂禮後。 自廕生授三等侍衛。 累遷本旗副都統、左翼前鋒統領。 兄鄂容安死阿睦爾撒納之亂，鄂實請從軍，授參贊大臣，佐定邊將軍成袞扎布，出西路。 二十二年夏，成袞扎布令逐捕扎那噶爾布，鄂實以地險馬疲，中道引還。 上手詔詰責曰：「若謂地險，賊何以能行？ 若謂馬疲，賊馬何獨能壯健？」 左授藍翎侍衛。 是冬，鄂實逐扎哈沁賊，斬一百四十餘級，獲牲械。 上謂：「今當大雪，馬力應疲乏，尚能勦賊。 彼時鄂實為參贊大臣，有事但諉諸將軍。 茲以負罪，乃直前勦賊，朕知其隱矣。」 量遷三等侍衛。 死事，上令仍視前鋒統領賜卹，諡果壯。
E Shi, of the Xilin Gioro clan, belonged to the Manchu Bordered Blue Banner and was the second son of Grand Secretary Ortai. He was established as heir to his uncle E Li. Through hereditary privilege he received appointment as a third-rank imperial bodyguard. He rose through successive promotions to vice commander of his banner and commander of the Left Vanguard. When his elder brother Erong'an was killed in Amursana's rebellion, E Shi volunteered for active service. He was appointed deputy assisting grand minister to support Pacification General Cheng'enjab on the western campaign route. In the summer of the twenty-second year, Cheng'enjab ordered a pursuit of Zanagarbu, but E Shi turned the troops back halfway, pleading dangerous terrain and exhausted horses. The emperor sent a personal edict of rebuke: "If the ground is too dangerous, how do the rebels manage to cross it? If our horses are worn out, why are the enemy's horses alone still fresh and strong?" He was demoted to the rank of blue-plume imperial bodyguard. That winter he pursued the Zhahakin rebels, killing more than a hundred and forty of them and capturing livestock and arms. The emperor remarked, "There is heavy snow now, and the horses ought to be exhausted—yet you were still able to rout the rebels. When you were deputy assisting grand minister, you used to push every difficulty off onto the general. Now that you are under a cloud, you charge straight at the enemy—I see what you are really about." He was nevertheless promoted to third-rank imperial bodyguard. He died in action. The emperor ordered that he receive the condolence grants due a vanguard commander and honored him posthumously with the title Guozhuang.
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三格，棟鄂氏，滿洲正白旗人。 自諸生授藍翎侍衛。 累遷黑龍江副都統。 命將索倫、巴爾呼兵三千，佐參贊大臣策楞出西路，為領隊大臣。 策楞以怯懦逮，三格亦坐奪官。 旋复授正白旗蒙古副都統。 攻呼爾璊台吉賽音伯勒克等，再戰，掠其牧地，予三等輕車都尉世職。 二十二年春，定邊將軍成袞扎布令逐捕扎那噶爾布，未得。 秋，師至博羅和羅，遇叛黨額林沁達瓦等百餘戶，三格與戰。 會布魯古特台吉琿齊、呼爾璊台吉達瓦斬扎那噶爾布偽請降，並請招額林沁達瓦，三格信之，遽引師還，琿齊等旋遁去。 坐奪官，並削世職，以兵伍自效。 死事，上命仍視副都統賜卹，諡剛勇。
San Ge, of the Donggo clan, belonged to the Manchu Plain White Banner. Having passed the licentiate examination, he was appointed a blue-plume imperial bodyguard. He rose through successive promotions to vice commander at Heilongjiang. He was ordered to lead three thousand Solon and Barghu troops in support of Deputy Assisting Grand Minister Celeng on the western route and was appointed a leading-column grand minister. When Celeng was arrested for cowardice, San Ge was stripped of office as well. He was soon reappointed vice commander of the Mongol Plain White Banner. He attacked the Khurlet taiji Sayinbelik and others, fought them twice, and raided their pastures, for which he was granted the hereditary rank of third-class commandant of light chariots. In the spring of the twenty-second year, Pacification General Cheng'enjab ordered a pursuit of Zanagarbu, but failed to take him. In autumn the army reached Boluheluo, where San Ge engaged more than a hundred rebel households led by Elinjindawa and others. The Burut taiji Hunqi and the Khurlet taiji Dawa had killed Zanagarbu and now offered a false surrender, asking also to bring over Elinjindawa. San Ge believed them, withdrew the army at once, and Hunqi and his party promptly fled. He was dismissed from office, stripped of his hereditary rank as well, and reduced to serving in the ranks to redeem himself. He died in action. The emperor ordered that he receive the condolence grants due a vice commander and honored him posthumously with the title Gangyong.
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天喜、鄂實、三格並祀昭忠祠，予騎都尉兼雲騎尉世職。 回部平，圖形紫光閣。 特通額，策楞子也，附見策楞傳。
Tianxi, E Shi, and San Ge were all enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty and granted the combined hereditary ranks of commandant of cavalry and commandant of the cloud cavalry. After the Muslim regions were pacified, their portraits were hung in the Hall of Purple Splendor. Tetonge was Celeng's son; his career is recorded in Celeng's biography.
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和起，馬佳氏，滿洲鑲藍旗人。 其先世阿音布，國初以軍功授拜他喇布勒哈番世職。 和起襲職，授盛京協領。 累擢寧夏副都統。 乾隆十九年，命與侍衛海福將千人佐定西將軍永常討達瓦齊，遷寧夏將軍。 永常劾和起兵不及額，而和起先疏言將九百人以往，留百人護輜重，上得永常疏，不之罪也。 尋又命偕提督豆斌為巴里坤辦事大臣，策楞代永常為定西將軍，复劾和起送兵馬遲誤，當奪官，留任。 旋复官，授欽差大臣關防，召詣京師諮軍事。 達什達瓦所屬宰桑訥默庫、曼集、烏達瑚們都等在軍私還游牧，命和起嚴鞫得實，以降人請予寬典，上不許，命正軍法。
He Qi, of the Magiya clan, belonged to the Manchu Bordered Blue Banner. His ancestor Ayinbu received the hereditary rank of baitalabure hafan at the founding of the dynasty for military service. He Qi inherited the rank and was appointed a garrison colonel at Mukden. He rose through successive promotions to vice commander at Ningxia. In the nineteenth year of the Qianlong reign he was ordered, together with imperial bodyguard Haifu, to lead a thousand men in support of Pacification-of-the-West General Yongchang's campaign against Dawachi, and was promoted to general at Ningxia. Yongchang impeached He Qi for bringing fewer troops than required, but He Qi had already reported that he would advance with nine hundred men and leave a hundred to guard the baggage train. When the emperor read Yongchang's memorial, he declined to punish He Qi. He was soon appointed, together with provincial commander Dou Bin, minister resident at Barkul. When Celeng replaced Yongchang as Pacification-of-the-West General, he impeached He Qi again for tardiness in moving troops and horses. He Qi should have been dismissed, but was allowed to remain in office. His rank was soon restored, he received the seal of an imperial commissioner, and he was summoned to the capital for consultation on military affairs. The zaisangs Nemuku, Manji, Udahundu, and others under Dashdawa had slipped away from the army to return to their pastures. He Qi was ordered to investigate the matter rigorously and established the facts beyond dispute. Surrendered tribesmen pleaded for leniency, but the emperor refused and ordered them dealt with under military law.
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二十一年十一月，輝特台吉巴雅爾叛，掠扎哈沁五百餘戶。 定邊右副將軍兆惠令和起將索倫兵百人往按，檄吐魯番伯克莽阿里克等集闢展，而噶勒雜特宰桑哈薩克錫喇、布魯特台吉尼瑪陰應巴雅爾，詭以兵五百會。 和起望兵至，疑之。 令莽阿里克诇之，紿告曰：「我兵也！」 逾時，尼瑪等操戈前，莽阿里克自後譟，賊眾蜂集。 和起所將兵僅百人，負重創，手刃數賊，股中槍，徒步轉戰，至夜力盡。 和起垂死，命索倫侍衛努古德、彰金布突圍出，以所戴孔雀翎為識報兆惠，遂死之。 諡武烈，追封一等伯，以一等子世襲，祀賢良、昭忠二祠。 二十三年，師還，獲尼瑪及其子檻送京師，命戮於和起墓前。 子和隆武，自有傳。
In the eleventh month of the twenty-first year, the Khoyit taiji Bayar rebelled and raided more than five hundred Zhahakin households. Pacification Deputy General-in-Chief Zhaohui ordered He Qi to take a hundred Solon troops to look into the affair and summoned the Turfan beg Mangalik and others to assemble at Buzhan. Meanwhile the Galjut zaisang Hasake Xila and the Burut taiji Nima were secretly in league with Bayar and falsely promised to meet He Qi with five hundred men. When He Qi saw troops approaching, he became suspicious. He sent Mangalik to scout them out, and Mangalik lied, reporting, "They are our own troops!" Before long Nima and his men advanced with weapons drawn. Mangalik raised a shout from the rear, and rebel forces swarmed in from every side. He Qi had only a hundred men under his command. Badly wounded, he killed several rebels with his own blade, took a musket ball in the thigh, and fought on foot through the day until nightfall, when his strength gave out. As he lay dying, He Qi ordered the Solon bodyguards Nugude and Zhangjinbu to fight their way out and report to Zhaohui, using the peacock feather he wore as proof of their message. Then he died. He was posthumously honored with the title Wulie, ennobled as a first-class baron with descent by a first-class viscount, and enshrined in both the Shrine of Worthy Officials and the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty. In the twenty-third year, after the army returned, Nima and his son were captured, sent to the capital in cages, and ordered executed before He Qi's tomb. His son Helongwu has a biography of his own.
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唐喀祿，他塔喇氏，蒙古正藍旗人。 自筆帖式再遷理籓院員外郎。 乾隆十九年，賜副都統銜，命赴北路軍董理新降輝特台吉阿睦爾撒納、班珠爾等游牧地。 唐喀祿疏言：「班珠爾所屬多老稚不能耕，慮飢餒。」 上以距耕時尚遠，責其瑣屑，命撤還。 扎薩克林丕勒多爾濟初命同董理游牧，將軍別有指揮，唐喀祿疏請留。 上責其不當，左遷理籓院筆帖式。 尋复授員外郎，命送濟隆呼圖克圖自巴林赴伊犁，董理定邊右副將軍薩喇爾游牧。 复賜副都統銜，授領隊大臣，將駐防扎布堪兵千人，從定邊右副將軍哈達哈赴哈薩克，逐捕阿睦爾撒納。 賊渠固爾班和卓遁入烏梁海，唐喀祿報哈達哈督兵擒之，賜孔雀翎。 阿睦爾撒納令其徒達瓦藏布入掠，唐喀祿令索倫總管鄂博什將五百人御之，降其眾三百。 尋命屯科布多。 授理籓院侍郎、鑲藍旗蒙古副都統。
Tang Kalu, of the Tatara clan, belonged to the Mongol Plain Blue Banner. Starting as a clerk, he was promoted twice to vice director in the Court of Colonial Affairs. In the nineteenth year of the Qianlong reign he received the brevet rank of vice commander and was sent to the northern army to oversee the pastures of the newly surrendered Khoyit taijis Amursana, Banzhur, and others. Tang Kalu memorialized, "Many of those under Banzhur are old or young and cannot farm; I fear they will go hungry." The emperor replied that the planting season was still far off, rebuked him for fussing over trifles, and ordered him recalled. The jasak Lambeldorji had originally been ordered to oversee the pastures jointly with him, but when the general issued separate instructions Tang Kalu memorialized asking to stay on. The emperor rebuked him for overstepping his authority and demoted him to clerk in the Court of Colonial Affairs. He was soon reappointed vice director and ordered to escort the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu from Baringol to Ili and to oversee the pastures of Pacification Deputy General-in-Chief Sarlar. He received the brevet rank of vice commander again, was appointed a leading-column grand minister, and led a thousand garrison troops from Zhabukan in support of Pacification Deputy General-in-Chief Hadaha's march into Kazakhstan to hunt down Amursana. The rebel leader Gurbankhoja fled into Uriankhai. Tang Kalu urged Hadaha to press the pursuit and capture him, and was rewarded with a peacock feather. Amursana sent his follower Davazangbu on a raiding incursion. Tang Kalu ordered Solon commander Eboshi to meet him with five hundred men and accepted the surrender of three hundred of his followers. He was soon ordered to establish a garrison at Kobdo. He was appointed vice president of the Court of Colonial Affairs and vice commander of the Mongol Bordered Blue Banner.
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唐喀祿行按諸部，輝特降人屯紮克賽，每自相劫奪，請移屯呼倫貝爾、齊齊哈爾諸地； 喀爾喀俘獲扎哈沁、特楞古特、奇爾吉斯、烏爾罕濟蘭諸部人萬餘，請以扎哈沁人移駐卡倫內； 特楞古特、奇爾吉斯、烏爾罕濟蘭人給東三省兵丁為奴； 杜爾伯特游牧請移烏蘭固木：上並從其請。 師出西路擊哈薩克錫喇，命唐喀祿屯額爾齊斯為聲援。 阿睦爾撒納敗走，唐喀祿诇知杜爾伯特貝勒巴圖博羅特、台吉阿喇善等潛與相結； 遣兵攻之輝巴朗山，擒阿喇善等，並戮烏梁海五十餘戶，遂赴塔爾巴哈台逐捕阿睦爾撒納及哈薩克錫喇，賜御用荷包、鼻煙壺。 師至塔爾巴哈台，糧罄馬乏，唐喀祿引師退，疏言遵旨撤兵，上怒，左授藍翎侍衛，佐定邊左副將軍納穆扎爾出北路。 降人和碩齊，上擢用至散秩大臣，至是令護哈薩克來使入邊，上命納穆扎爾遣唐喀祿將二百人迎之。 阿睦爾撒納竄俄羅斯，上命唐喀祿偕和碩齊駐額爾齊斯偵禦。
While touring the tribes, Tang Kalu found that Khoyit who had surrendered and been settled at Zakasai were constantly raiding one another. He asked that they be relocated to Hulunbuir, Qiqihar, and other districts; more than ten thousand captives from the Zhahakin, Terengut, Kirghiz, and Urhanjilan tribes taken by the Khalkha—he proposed moving the Zhahakin inside the border posts; assigning the Terengut, Kirghiz, and Urhanjilan as bond servants to troops in the Three Eastern Provinces; and relocating Durbot pastures to Ulan Gom—the emperor approved every request. When the army marched on the western route against Kazakh Xila, Tang Kalu was ordered to hold the Irtysh line as a supporting force. After Amursana was defeated and fled, Tang Kalu learned through intelligence that the Durbot beile Batuborot, the taiji Alashan, and others were secretly in league with him; He sent troops against them at Huibolang Mountain, captured Alashan and others, and executed more than fifty Uriankhai households besides. He then pressed on to Tarbagatai in pursuit of Amursana and Kazakh Xila and was rewarded with an imperial purse and snuff bottle from the emperor's own hand. When the army reached Tarbagatai, provisions ran out and the horses were exhausted. Tang Kalu withdrew the force and memorialized that he was obeying orders to pull back. The emperor was furious, demoted him to blue-plume imperial bodyguard, and sent him to assist Pacification Left Deputy General-in-Chief Namuzhar on the northern route. Among the surrendered leaders was Khoshuuchi, whom the emperor had promoted as far as minister without portfolio. He was now ordered to escort the Kazakh envoy across the border, and the emperor directed Namuzhar to send Tang Kalu with two hundred men to meet him. When Amursana fled into Russia, the emperor ordered Tang Kalu and Khoshuuchi to hold the Irtysh line on reconnaissance and defense.
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二十三年三月，土爾扈特舍棱等謀走俄羅斯，上命偕和碩齊逐捕。 四月，師次佈固圖河，獲舍棱弟勞章扎卜。 勞章扎卜詭為兄乞降，唐喀祿未敢信，和碩齊遽縱之還。 越日，舍棱詭約降，獻酒，和碩齊飲之，邀唐喀祿過其營，賊噪而起。 唐喀祿及侍衛富錫爾、穆倫保、佛爾慶額力戰，均遇害，和碩齊更衣降。 事聞，賜騎都尉世職，祀昭忠祠。 富錫爾、佛爾慶額，皆滿洲鑲黃旗人； 穆倫保，滿洲正白旗人：皆賜雲騎尉世職。
In the third month of the twenty-third year, when the Torghut Shelen and others plotted to flee to Russia, the emperor ordered Tang Kalu and Khoshuuchi to pursue and capture them. In the fourth month the army halted on the Bugutu River and captured Shelen's younger brother Laochangzhab. Laochangzhab falsely offered surrender on his brother's behalf. Tang Kalu was unwilling to trust him, but Khoshuuchi promptly sent him back. The next day Shelen feigned agreement to surrender and offered wine. Khoshuuchi drank it and invited Tang Kalu to his camp, where the rebels suddenly rose in uproar. Tang Kalu and the bodyguards Fuxier, Mulunbao, and Fo'erqing'e fought to the last and were all killed. Khoshuuchi changed clothes and went over to the enemy. When word reached the court, he was granted the hereditary rank of commandant of cavalry and enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty. Fuxier and Fo'erqing'e both belonged to the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner; Mulunbao belonged to the Manchu Plain White Banner. All three were granted the hereditary rank of commandant of the cloud cavalry.
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阿敏道，圖爾格期氏，蒙古鑲紅旗人，世居察哈爾。 父阿吉斯，康熙間討噶爾丹，以員外郎從軍，中道糧匱，兵苦飢。 阿吉斯言於眾曰：「我等官兵世受國恩，甘斃道路。 誓竭力前進。」 眾皆諾。 於是有昭莫多之勝。 聖祖嘉其能，予拖沙喇哈番世職。 卒。
A Mindao, of the Turguci clan, belonged to the Mongol Bordered Red Banner. His family had long lived in Chahar. His father Ajisi had served as a vice director on the campaign against Galdan in the Kangxi reign. When provisions ran out midway, the troops were left starving. Ajisi addressed the troops, saying, "We officers and soldiers have received the dynasty's grace for generations and are ready to die on the march. We swear to press forward with all our strength." The men all assented. There followed the victory at Zhaomodu. The Kangxi Emperor praised his conduct and granted him the hereditary rank of tosahura hafan. He died.
14
阿敏道，襲職。 雍正初，累遷二等侍衛。 九年，命將巴里呼兵百人自固爾班塞堪赴巴爾坤佐軍，又命偕侍讀學士查克丹調喀爾喀兵三千率之往。 尋复偕護軍統領費雅思哈赴烏爾輝音扎罕練兵。 乾隆元年，準噶爾乞和，撤軍，阿敏道還京，授鑲藍旗察哈爾總管。 十九年，師收烏梁海，將察哈爾兵以從，加副都統銜。 二十年，遷所獲巴爾沁人等於齊拉罕。 師定伊犁，定北將軍班第奏以阿敏道督台站。 是年，阿睦爾撒納叛，班第陷賊。 阿巴噶斯、哈丹附逆肆掠，台站中斷。 阿敏道輒督兵巡徼，使驛遞恆得相續。 會定西將軍永常自木壘退駐烏爾圖布拉克，撤阿敏道還。 上奪永常官，以策楞代將。 命阿敏道將精騎詣伊犁求班第消息。 策楞不即遣，上詰責之。 尋將千人捕阿巴噶斯、哈丹賊眾。
A Mindao inherited the rank. Early in the Yongzheng reign he rose through successive promotions to second-rank imperial bodyguard. In the ninth year he was ordered to lead a hundred Barghu troops from Gurbansaihan to Barkul to support the campaign, and was also directed, together with Hanlin reader Zhakedan, to mobilize three thousand Khalkha troops and lead them there. He soon joined garrison commander Feiyasaha at Wuerhuiyinzhahan to drill troops. In the first year of the Qianlong reign the Zunghars sued for peace and the army withdrew. A Mindao returned to the capital and was appointed commander of the Chahar Bordered Blue Banner. In the nineteenth year, when the army recovered Uriankhai, he led Chahar troops on the campaign and received the brevet rank of vice commander. In the twentieth year he relocated the captured Barghin and others to Qilahan. After the army pacified Ili, Pacification-of-the-North General Bandi recommended A Mindao to supervise the courier stations. That same year Amursana rebelled and Bandi was trapped by the enemy. Abaghas and Hadan joined the rebellion and raided freely, severing the courier lines. A Mindao repeatedly led patrols so that the relay posts could stay in contact. Pacification-of-the-West General Yongchang had meanwhile withdrawn from Mulei to Wuerhtubulake and recalled A Mindao. The emperor removed Yongchang from office and put Celeng in command. He ordered A Mindao to take picked cavalry to Ili to learn Bandi's fate. Celeng did not send him at once, and the emperor rebuked him for the delay. He soon led a thousand men against the rebel bands of Abaghas and Hadan and captured them.
15
二十一年，授鑲藍旗蒙古副都統。 時回酋布拉呢敦、霍集占有異志，定邊右副將軍兆惠诇知之，遣阿敏道將索倫兵百、厄魯特兵三千赴葉爾羌、喀什噶爾慰撫，且使致二渠。 至庫車，霍集占佈在焉，閉城拒我師。 阿敏道斬遊騎四十餘，圍之。 城人詭言曰：「厄魯特吾仇，慮為害。 撤還即納降。」 阿敏道遂命厄魯特兵退，僅留索倫兵百。 或慮有變，阿敏道曰：「吾招撫回眾，惟期於國有濟，何暇他慮？」 遂入，為霍集占所執。
In the twenty-first year he was appointed vice commander of the Mongol Bordered Blue Banner. The Muslim chieftains Burhanuddin and Khojijaha were then nursing rebellious designs. Zhaohui learned this through intelligence and sent A Mindao with a hundred Solon troops and three thousand Oirat troops to Yarkand and Kashgar to reassure the populace and summon the two khojas. When he reached Kucha, Khojijaha was there and shut the gates against the Qing forces. A Mindao killed more than forty mounted scouts and laid siege to the city. The townspeople deceived him, saying, "The Oirats are our enemies, and we fear they will harm us. Withdraw them and we will surrender at once." A Mindao then ordered the Oirat troops to withdraw, keeping only a hundred Solon soldiers. When some warned of treachery, A Mindao said, "I am winning over the Muslim people solely for the good of the state. How can I spare thought for anything else?" He entered the city and was seized by Khojijaha.
16
二十二年，上諭諸將檄霍集占送阿敏道還，不從，謀加害。 庫車伯克呼岱巴爾以告，阿敏道謀脫歸，不克，死之。 二等男署察哈爾營總旺扎勒及諸裨將繃科、耨金吹、扎木蘇
In the twenty-second year the emperor ordered the generals to demand Khojijaha's return of A Mindao. Khojijaha refused and plotted to kill him. The Kucha beg Hudaibar warned him. A Mindao tried to escape but failed and was killed. The acting second-class baron and Chahar camp commander Wangzhale, together with staff officers Bengke, Noujinchui, Zhamusu,
17
七、巴克薩拾，並索倫兵百人，皆從死。 事平，諸有功者圖形紫光閣，阿敏道列後五十功臣，加世職為騎都尉兼一云騎尉，祀昭忠祠。 旺札勒加雲騎尉，繃科等皆予雲騎尉世職。
Qi, Bakasashi, and a hundred Solon soldiers all died with him. After the rebellion was crushed, meritorious officers were portrayed in the Hall of Purple Splendor. A Mindao was ranked among the latter fifty meritorious ministers, his hereditary rank was raised to commandant of cavalry with an additional commandant of the cloud cavalry, and he was enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty. Wangzhale received an additional grant of commandant of the cloud cavalry; Bengke and the others were all granted the hereditary rank of commandant of the cloud cavalry.
18
滿福，瓜爾佳氏，滿洲鑲藍旗人。 自世管佐領累擢拉林副都統。 乾隆二十二年，遷都統，駐巴里坤。 命將吉林兵千人屯吐魯番，尋授領隊大臣。 定邊將軍成袞扎佈出珠勒都斯，令滿福將三百人巡視阿勒輝至烏納哈特十三台站，搜剿嗎哈沁。 沙拉斯、嗎唬斯既降复叛，掠台站，上命滿福自阿勒輝往剿，又令巴里坤辦事大臣阿里袞帥師與會。 阿里袞未至，滿福師次肯色嶺，與賊遇，擊之，賊敗走，偽遣人乞降，且言賊渠已就縛，請除道迎。 滿福信之，行次哈喇和落，徑險林密，下臨深溝。 滿福悟為賊所紿，急麾前隊返。 賊千餘突自林中出，圍我師。 滿福厲聲督兵力戰，被創墜溝，死之。 上以滿福雖為賊所愚，愍其捐軀，命如陣亡例議卹，諡武毅，祀昭忠祠，圖形紫光閣。
Man Fu, of the Guwalgiya clan, belonged to the Manchu Bordered Blue Banner. Starting as a hereditary company commander, he rose through successive promotions to vice commander at Lalin. In the twenty-second year of the Qianlong reign he was promoted to commander-in-chief and stationed at Barkul. He was ordered to lead a thousand Jilin troops to garrison Turfan and was soon appointed a leading-column grand minister. When Pacification General Cheng'enjab marched out of Zhuledusi, he ordered Man Fu to lead three hundred men along the thirteen courier stations from Alehui to Wuna'hate to hunt down the Mahajin. Shalasi and Mahusi had surrendered but rebelled again and raided the courier stations. The emperor ordered Man Fu to move from Alehui against them and directed minister resident at Barkul Arigun to bring troops to join the operation. Before Arigun arrived, Man Fu's force halted at Kense Ridge, met the rebels, and drove them off. The enemy then sent men with a false offer of surrender, claiming their leader was already bound and asking that the road be cleared to receive them. Man Fu believed them. At Halaholuo the path ran through dense forest along the edge of a deep ravine. Man Fu realized the rebels had deceived him and urgently ordered the vanguard to turn back. More than a thousand rebels burst from the forest and surrounded his force. Man Fu shouted orders and fought on fiercely until, wounded, he fell into the ravine and died. Though Man Fu had been fooled by the rebels, the emperor pitied his sacrifice and ordered condolence grants on the same terms as for death in battle. He was posthumously honored with the title Wuyi, enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty, and portrayed in the Hall of Purple Splendor.
19
豆斌，陝西固原人。 初以馬兵入提標，累遷肅州鎮標中營守備。 雍正間，從征準噶爾。 力戰受創，賜白金四百。 遷川陝督標前營游擊。 準噶爾犯科舍圖，率兵擊走之。 乾隆初，累遷提督，自廣東移廣西。 疏言：「各營鳥槍，舊式大小參差，坐臥倚伏，不能應手； 又質薄易熱，難收實用。 請照陝西威字號纏絲槍式改制。」 下兩廣總督議行。 俄，調還固原。 又命以提督銜領湖北宜昌鎮總兵事。 尋复歷甘肅、安西提督。 命討準噶爾，帥將標兵出駐巴里坤，以輸軍馬後時，下吏議。 旋乞病，罷。
Dou Bin was a native of Guyuan in Shaanxi. He began as a cavalry soldier in the provincial commander's establishment and rose through successive promotions to defender of the central battalion of the Suzhou garrison. During the Yongzheng reign he served on the campaign against the Zunghars. He fought fiercely, was wounded, and was rewarded with four hundred taels of silver. He was promoted to brigade commander of the vanguard battalion under the Sichuan-Shaanxi governor-general. When the Zunghars invaded Keshetu, he led troops and drove them off. Early in the Qianlong reign he rose to provincial commander, transferring from Guangdong to Guangxi. He memorialized, "In the various battalions the old-pattern muskets vary greatly in size. Whether troops sit, lie, lean, or crouch, the weapons cannot be handled readily; moreover the metal is thin and overheats easily, so they are of little practical use. He asked that they be remade according to the Shaanxi Wei-series wrapped-silk musket pattern. The matter was referred to the governor-general of the Two Guangs for implementation. He was soon transferred back to Guyuan. He was then ordered to hold the brevet rank of provincial commander while directing the Yichang garrison in Hubei. He soon served again in succession as provincial commander of Gansu and Anxi. Ordered to campaign against the Zunghars, he led his troops to garrison Barkul. Because he delivered army horses late, the case was referred to the judicial authorities. He soon pleaded illness and was dismissed.
20
居數月，复授安西提督，仍令赴巴里坤兆惠師。 師攻霍集占於庫車，命斌將所部從，充領隊大臣，徼巡魯克察克、闢展、庫車諸地驛路。 兆惠被圍黑水，斌從副將軍富德自阿克蘇兼程赴援。 師次呼爾璊，霍集占以五千人迎戰，我師分兩翼，賊據高岡，斌率中軍火器進攻。 賊知我師馬力乏，擁眾相偪。 阿里袞解馬至，斌偕眾將夾擊，脅中創，仍力戰，賊大敗。 創甚遂卒，諡壯節，祀昭忠祠，予騎都尉兼雲騎尉。 上製詩惜之。 回部平，圖形紫光閣。 孫{澍}，襲世職，官至山東登州鎮總兵。
After several months he was reappointed provincial commander of Anxi and again ordered to join Zhaohui's army at Barkul. When the army attacked Khojijaha at Kucha, Bin was ordered to lead his troops, appointed a leading-column grand minister, and assigned to patrol the courier roads around Lukchak, Buzhan, Kucha, and neighboring districts. When Zhaohui was trapped at the Black River, Bin followed Deputy General-in-Chief Fude from Aksu on forced marches to relieve him. At Khur the army met Khojijaha with five thousand men. The Qing forces divided into two wings while the rebels held the high ground. Bin led the central column's firearms troops in the assault. Seeing that the Qing horses were exhausted, the rebels pressed forward in dense masses. Arigun sent up fresh horses. Bin and the other generals attacked from both sides. Though wounded in the flank, he kept fighting until the rebels were routed. His wounds proved fatal. He was posthumously honored with the title Zhuangjie, enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty, and granted the combined ranks of commandant of cavalry and commandant of the cloud cavalry. The emperor composed a poem lamenting his death. After the Muslim regions were pacified, his portrait was hung in the Hall of Purple Splendor. His grandson Sun {Shu} inherited the hereditary rank and rose to commander of the Dengzhou garrison in Shandong.
21
端濟布，瓜爾佳氏，滿洲鑲黃旗人。 自前鋒累遷頭等侍衛、鑲黃旗察哈爾總管。 乾隆二十二年，上令選兵千佐定邊將軍兆惠出西路。 自硃爾圖斯赴瑪納斯，獲得木齊鄂羅斯，並所部三百人、馬駝牛羊二千餘。 扎哈沁頭人巴哈曼集叛走，端濟布偕侍衛奎瑪岱追捕，至小衛和勒津，降所部二百戶，又得掠台站賊札木布。 師捕治厄魯特頭人噶爾藏多爾濟、扎那噶爾布等，布魯古特台吉琿齊、呼爾璊台吉達瓦斬扎那噶爾布，詣端濟布軍請降。 端濟布遽引師還，琿齊、達瓦复叛去。 上懲端濟布惟事姑息，命靖逆將軍雅爾哈善按治。 師至羅克倫孟古圖嶺，獲噶爾藏多爾濟宰桑羅卜札尼瑪、得木齊敦多克，檻送巴里坤。 上聞，命貸端濟布罪。
Duanjibu, of the Guwalgiya clan, belonged to the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner. Starting in the vanguard, he rose through successive promotions to first-rank imperial bodyguard and commander of the Chahar Bordered Yellow Banner. In the twenty-second year of the Qianlong reign the emperor ordered a thousand picked troops to assist Pacification General Zhaohui on the western route. Marching from Zhuerutusi to Manas, he captured Demuchi Eluosi together with three hundred followers and more than two thousand horses, camels, cattle, and sheep. When the Zhahakin leader Bahamanji rebelled and fled, Duanjibu and bodyguard Kuimadai pursued him to Xiaoweihelejin, accepted the surrender of two hundred households, and also captured the bandit Zhamubu, who had been raiding courier stations. While the army was pursuing the Oirat leaders Galdan Dorji, Zanagarbu, and others, the Burut taiji Hunqi and the Khurlet taiji Dawa killed Zanagarbu and came to Duanjibu's camp to offer surrender. Duanjibu abruptly withdrew the army, and Hunqi and Dawa rebelled and fled again. The emperor, angered that Duanjibu had been too indulgent, ordered Pacification General Yarghashi to investigate and discipline him. At Luokelunmengutuling the army captured Galdan Dorji's zaisang Luobuzhanima and Demuchi Dunduoke and sent them in cages to Barkul. When word reached the court, the emperor ordered Duanjibu's offense pardoned.
22
扎哈沁得木齊哈勒拜等謀掠台站，參贊大臣哈寧阿檄端濟布往捕，至瑪納斯，得間諜十餘。 渡河至美羅託山，賊遁，收其游牧牲畜。 師圍庫車，端濟布將吉林、厄魯特兵以從。 霍集占將三千人自賽里木來援，屯高阜。 端濟布偕侍衛順德納等奮擊，斬二千餘級。 師攻葉爾羌，霍集占築台城東北。 端濟布及侍衛諾爾本將右翼後隊攻之，賊拒戰，复斬二千餘級。 兆惠被圍於黑水，端濟布從定邊左副將軍富德赴援，十餘戰，至呼爾璊，與兆惠軍會，賜三等輕車都尉世職，授鑲紅旗滿洲副都統。
When the Zhahakin Demuchi Halebai and others plotted to raid courier stations, Deputy Assisting Grand Minister Haning'a ordered Duanjibu to capture them. At Manas he seized more than ten spies. Crossing the river to Meiluotuo Mountain, he found the rebels had fled and seized their pastoral livestock. When the army besieged Kucha, Duanjibu led Jilin and Oirat troops on the campaign. Khojijaha brought three thousand men from Sayram to reinforce the city and encamped on high ground. Duanjibu, bodyguard Shunden'a, and others attacked fiercely and killed more than two thousand of the enemy. During the attack on Yarkand, Khojijaha built fortifications northeast of the city. Duanjibu and bodyguard Nuoerben led the right-wing rear column against them. The rebels resisted, and more than two thousand were killed again. When Zhaohui was trapped at the Black River, Duanjibu followed Pacification Left Deputy General-in-Chief Fude to relieve him. After more than ten battles they reached Khur and joined Zhaohui's army. Duanjibu was granted the hereditary rank of third-class commandant of light chariots and appointed vice commander of the Manchu Bordered Red Banner.
23
師逐賊，戰於阿爾楚爾，再戰於伊西洱庫爾淖爾，端濟布將二百人截賊逃路。 偵山有賊寨，越嶺攻之，被創，賜號塔什巴圖魯。 師還，圖形紫光閣，列前五十功臣。 卒，贈都統，諡壯節，祀昭忠祠。 諭以「端濟布力戰受傷，與陣亡者無異也」。
As the army pursued the rebels through the battles at Altur and Yixihukuer Lake, Duanjibu led two hundred men to cut off their escape. Scouts reported a rebel stockade on the mountain. He crossed the ridge to attack it, was wounded, and was granted the title Tashibatur. After the army returned, his portrait was hung in the Hall of Purple Splendor among the first fifty meritorious ministers. He died and was posthumously promoted to commander-in-chief, honored with the title Zhuangjie, and enshrined in the Shrine of Manifest Loyalty. An edict declared, "Duanjibu fought fiercely and was wounded—his service is no different from death in battle."
24
諾爾本，吳機格忒氏，滿洲正藍旗人。 以前鋒從軍。 富德獲宰桑烏巴什，遣諾爾本送兆惠軍。 道遇賊，力戰，賜號克籌巴圖魯。 師圍庫車，霍集占來援。 諾爾本偕公袞楚克，侍衛齊凌札卜、齊努渾等擊賊右翼，賊敗走，逐之六十餘裡，至鄂根河口，斬獲甚眾； 賊逃入蘇巴什山，复偕齊努渾入山搜戮：溫詔嘉焉。 師攻葉爾羌，偕端濟布戰城東，敗賊。 師還，命在乾清門行走，賚銀帛，賜騎都尉加一云騎尉世職，圖形紫光閣。 擢頭等侍衛，從明瑞徵緬甸，擊賊被創。 尋令將兵屯騰越。 還京，擢圍場總管，加副都統銜。 卒。
Nuoerben, of the Ujigit clan, belonged to the Manchu Plain Blue Banner. He served on campaign as a vanguard soldier. Fude captured the zaisang Ubashi and sent Nuoerben to deliver him to Zhaohui's army. On the march he met rebels and fought fiercely, for which he was granted the title Kechoubatur. When the army besieged Kucha, Khojijaha marched to relieve the city. Nuoerben, together with Gonggunchuke and bodyguards Qilingzhab, Qinuhun, and others, struck the enemy's right wing. The rebels broke and fled, and the pursuers drove them more than sixty li to the mouth of the Egen River, killing and capturing a great number; the survivors fled into Subashi Mountain. He entered the mountains again with Qinuhun to hunt them down, and the emperor warmly praised him in an edict. During the attack on Yarkand he fought alongside Duanjibu east of the city and routed the rebels. After the army returned, he was ordered to serve at the Qianqing Gate, rewarded with silver and silks, granted the hereditary ranks of commandant of cavalry with an additional commandant of the cloud cavalry, and portrayed in the Hall of Purple Splendor. He was promoted to first-rank imperial bodyguard and followed Mingrui on the Burma campaign, where he was wounded in action. He was soon ordered to lead a garrison at Tengyue. On returning to the capital he was promoted to director of the imperial hunting grounds and given the brevet rank of vice commander. He died.
25
論曰：高天喜驍勇善戰，與鄂實、三格奮鬥破陣，死事為最烈。 和起等倉卒為賊陷，慷慨授命。 斌與端濟布以力戰受創，得與戰死者同其血食。 旌勇勵忠，當如是也。
The commentator writes: Gao Tianxi was brave and skilled in battle. Together with E Shi and San Ge he fought with desperate valor to break the enemy lines, and among those who fell in service his death was the most heroic. He Qi and the others, caught off guard and trapped by the enemy, gave their lives with noble resolve. Bin and Duanjibu, though wounded in fierce fighting rather than killed outright, were honored to share the sacrificial rites with those who died in battle. This is how courage should be honored and loyalty encouraged.