Volume 344 Biographies 131: Lei Bao, E Lei Deng Bao, Hu Shixian, De Leng Tai

勒保，字宜軒，費莫氏，滿洲鑲紅旗人，大學士溫福子。由中書科筆帖式充軍機章京。乾隆三十四年，出為歸化城理事同知。坐事當褫職，高宗以溫福方徵金川，特原之。授兵部主事，仍直軍機處。累遷郎中，出為江西贛南道，調安徽廬鳳道。以母憂去官，命為庫倫辦事章京。四十五年，充辦事大臣。累擢兵部侍郎，仍留庫倫。五十年，內召。未幾，授山西巡撫。五十二年，署陝甘總督，尋實授。五十六年，大軍徵廓爾喀，治西路駝馬、裝糧、台站，加太子太保。

Le Bao, courtesy name Yixuan, belonged to the Feimo clan of the Bordered Red Banner; he was the son of Grand Secretary Wen Fu. He entered service as a Hanlin Secretariat clerk and was appointed a Grand Council secretary. In Qianlong 34 he was posted as the Guihua City subprefect in charge of local affairs. He was liable to dismissal for misconduct, but Emperor Gaozong spared him because Wen Fu was campaigning in Jinchuan. He was made a war secretary while remaining on duty at the Grand Council. After successive promotions to director he served as Gannan intendant in Jiangxi, then as Luzhou-Fengyang intendant in Anhui. He resigned in mourning for his mother and was then named a Khuree affairs clerk. In year 45 he became commissioner for affairs. He rose to vice minister of war while still stationed at Khuree. In year 50 he was recalled to court. Soon afterward he was made governor of Shanxi. In year 52 he acted as Shaanxi-Gansu governor-general, then received the full post. In year 56, during the Gurkha campaign, he handled camels, horses, grain transport, and relay stations on the western route and was made Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent.

初，安徽奸民劉松以習混元教戍甘肅，复倡白蓮教，與其黨湖北樊學明、齊林，陝西韓龍，四川謝添繡等謀不軌。五十九年，勒保捕劉松誅之，而鬆黨劉之協、宋之清傳教於河南、安徽。以鹿邑王氏子曰發生者，詭明裔硃姓，煽動愚民，事覺被捕。詔誅首惡，赦餘黨，發生以童幼免死，戍新疆。之協遠颺不獲，各省大索，官吏奉行不善，頗為民擾。武昌府同知常丹葵在荊州、宜昌株連數千人，川、楚民方以苗事困軍興，無賴者又因禁私鹽、私鑄失業，益仇官，亂機四伏矣。

Earlier, Liu Song of Anhui, exiled to Gansu for the Hunyuan sect, revived the White Lotus faith; with Fan Xueming and Qi Lin in Hubei, Han Long in Shaanxi, Xie Tianxiu in Sichuan, and others, he plotted rebellion. In year 59 Le Bao seized and executed Liu Song, yet Liu Zhixie and Song Zhiqing carried the doctrine into Henan and Anhui. A Luyi Wang clansman named Fasheng posed as a Zhu descendant of the Ming and incited the people; exposed, he was arrested. The court executed the chief culprits and pardoned the rest; Fasheng, being young, was spared and sent to Xinjiang. Zhixie escaped and eluded capture; empire-wide searches, badly run by local officials, became a serious nuisance to the people. Wuchang subprefect Chang Danqi implicated thousands in Jingzhou and Yichang; Sichuan and Hubei were already burdened by Miao wars, and men ruined by bans on private salt and coining turned against the magistrates—unrest was brewing everywhere.

六十年，勒保調雲貴總督。湖南、貴州苗疆不靖，福康安督師進討，勒保赴軍，安撫正大、銅仁、鎮遠降苗，並治軍需。雲南威遠倮匪擾邊，勒保將赴剿，會倮匪即平，福康安、和琳相繼卒於軍，命偕明亮、鄂輝接辦軍務，未至，而湖北教匪熾，蔓延川、陝。林之華、覃加耀踞長陽黃柏山，福寧攻之不克，勒保往會剿，嘉慶二年春，連戰敗之。方乘勝薄其巢，而貴州南籠仲苗王囊仙等叛，詔勒保督師討之。王囊仙者，洞灑寨苗婦，當丈寨韋七綹須，以囊仙有幻術，推為首。分遣其黨大王公、李阿六、王抱羊圍南籠府，及府屬之永豐、黃草壩、捧鮓、新城、冊亨，安順府屬之永寧、歸化諸城。冊亨陷，滇、黔道梗。三月，勒保至，令總兵德英額、札郎阿、袁敏分守東、西、北三路。其南際滇、粵，諮兩廣總督吉慶、雲南巡撫江蘭防之；自率按察使常明、副將施縉，進克關嶺。抵永寧，副將巴圖什裡已解其圍，都司周廷翰援歸化，圍亦解。會提督珠隆阿擊永豐，自率總兵張玉龍、七格，解新城圍，進至南籠，圍始解。詔嘉南籠固守，賜名興義。遣常明、施縉解黃草壩圍。賊悉眾圍捧鮓、永豐益急，分兵援之，先解捧鮓圍，自率常明、施縉攻洞灑、當丈賊巢。賊縱火自焚，都司王宏信、千總洪保玉冒烈焰入，擒王囊仙、韋七綹須，旋解永豐圍。吉慶亦自廣西至，复冊亨。六月，仲苗平，詔改永豐曰貞豐，錫封勒保一等侯爵，號曰威勤。

In year 60 he was transferred to the Yunnan-Guizhou governor-generalship. With Hunan and Guizhou Miao borders in turmoil, Fuk'ang'an led the campaign; Le Bao joined him, pacified surrendering Miao in Zhengda, Tongren, and Zhenyuan, and managed supplies. Weiyuan Lolo raiders in Yunnan drew him to campaign, but they were pacified first. Fuk'ang'an and Helin died in the field; he was ordered with Mingliang and E'hui to succeed them, but before he arrived Hubei sect rebels surged into Sichuan and Shaanxi. Lin Zhihua and Tan Jiayao held Huangbai Mountain in Changyang; after Funing failed, Le Bao joined the siege and in spring of Jiaqing 2 won a series of victories. As he was closing on their stronghold, the Zhong Miao of Guizhou's Nalong rose under Wang Nangxian, and he was ordered to command against them. Wang Nangxian was a Dongsa Miao woman married to Wei Qishuo of Dangzhai; credited with magic, she was made chief. She sent the Great Duke Gong, Li A'liu, and Wang Baoyang to besiege Nanlong and its dependencies—Yongfeng, Huangcaoba, Pengzha, Xincheng, Ceheng—as well as Yongning and Guihua in Anshun. Ceheng fell and traffic between Yunnan and Guizhou was cut. In month 3 Le Bao arrived and posted De Ying'e, Zhalang A, and Yuan Min on the east, west, and north. On the south, along the Yunnan and Guangdong border, he coordinated with Ji Qing and Yunnan governor Jiang Lan; he himself led Chang Ming and Shi Jin to recover Guanling. At Yongning, Batu Shili had already broken the siege; Zhou Tinghan had relieved Guihua too. Zhulong A struck Yongfeng while Le Bao with Zhang Yulong and Qige relieved Xincheng, reached Nanlong, and ended the siege. The throne commended Nanlong's defense and renamed it Xingyi. He dispatched Chang Ming and Shi Jin to lift the Huangcaoba siege. Rebels tightened the sieges of Pengzha and Yongfeng; he detached reinforcements, freed Pengzha first, then led Chang Ming and Shi Jin against Dongsa and Dangzhai. The rebels torched themselves; Wang Hongxin and Hong Baoyu charged the flames, captured Wang Nangxian and Wei Qishuo, and Yongfeng was relieved. Ji Qing advanced from Guangxi and retook Ceheng. In month 6 the Zhong Miao were pacified; Yongfeng became Zhenfeng, and Le Bao received a first-class marquisate styled Weiqin.

九月，調湖廣總督。時川、楚賊氛愈熾，立青、黃、藍、白、線等號，又設掌櫃、元帥、先鋒、總兵等偽稱。先命永保總統諸軍，易以惠齡，又易以宜綿，皆不辦；至是宜綿薦勒保以自代，允之。三年正月，至四川梁山，賊曾柳起石壩山，而白號王三槐、青號徐天德、藍號林亮工諸賊聚開縣。勒保先破石壩山，斬曾柳，詔嘉為入川第一功。調授四川總督。三槐走達州，與藍號冉文儔合，惟亮工仍在開縣之開州坪，勒保令副都統六十七、總兵富森布剿之；親追三槐，九戰皆捷。賊走巴州，掠閬中、蒼溪而西，追之急，復東入儀隴。勒保以賊踪靡定，所至裹脅，乃畫堅壁清野策，令民依山險扎寨屯糧，團練鄉勇自衛。賊由儀隴趨孫家梁，欲與白號羅其清合。偕惠齡、恆瑞截剿，三槐南竄渠縣，文儔遁入其清寨。勒保留惠齡、恆瑞剿孫家梁，仍親躡三槐。五月，三槐犯大竹，分竄梁山、墊江、新寧，東奔開縣，亮工出為犄角，擊走之，斬其黨林定相。天德來援，敗之，擒其黨張洪鈞，天德奔新寧。三槐與冷天祿踞雲陽安樂坪，進圍之。七月，誘三槐降，擒之，械送京師，詔晉封公爵。

In month 9 he became Huguang governor-general. Sichuan and Hubei rebels now used Green, Yellow, Blue, White, and Red bands and bogus ranks—steward, marshal, vanguard, commander. Yong Bao was first made supreme commander, then Hui Ling, then Yi Mian—none succeeded; at last Yi Mian recommended Le Bao as his successor, and the court agreed. In month 1 of year 3 he reached Liangshan; Zeng Liu held Shibashan while Wang Sanhuai (White), Xu Tiande (Green), and Lin Lianggong (Blue) massed at Kaixian. He first stormed Shibashan and killed Zeng Liu—the court hailed it as his first Sichuan victory. He was then made Sichuan governor-general. Sanhuai fled to Dazhou to join Ran Wencong (Blue); Lin Lianggong stayed at Kaizhouping; Le Bao sent Liushiqi and Fusenbu against him; he personally pursued Sanhuai and won nine straight fights. They raided through Bazhou, Langzhong, and Cangxi westward, then doubled back into Yilong under pressure. Finding rebels shifting unpredictably and dragging locals along, Le Bao ordered mountain stockades, stored grain, and trained militia—the fortified-village strategy. They left Yilong for Sunjialiang to link with Luo Qiqing's White band. With Hui Ling and Hengrui he intercepted them; Sanhuai fled to Quxian and Wencong into Qiqing's camp. Le Bao left Hui Ling and Hengrui at Sunjialiang and again chased Sanhuai himself. In month 5 Sanhuai struck Dazhu, scattered toward Liangshan, Dianjiang, and Xining, then raced to Kaixian; Lianggong's support force was routed and Lin Dingxiang killed. Tiande's relief was beaten, Zhang Hongjun taken, and Tiande fled to Xining. Sanhuai and Leng Tianlu held Anleping in Yunyang; Le Bao closed in. In month 7 he lured Sanhuai into surrender, captured him, and sent him to Beijing; Le Bao was raised to duke.

天祿盡有三槐之眾，負嵎抗拒，圍攻久不下；黃號龍紹週、龔建、樊人傑來援，擊卻之。十月，天祿糧盡，詭請降，夜突營，大為所挫，尋走新寧。四年正月，天德為額勒登保所敗，亦竄新寧仁市鋪，與黃號王光祖合。偕額勒登保夾擊，天德走墊江，天祿走忠州。勒保令額勒登保截擊天德，總兵百祥追天祿，自率大軍策應。仁宗以前此諸軍事權不一，特授勒保經略大臣，節制川、楚、陝、甘、豫五省軍務，明亮、額勒登保為參贊。勒保以賊勢重在四川，請暫駐梁山、大竹等處督師。尋破天德，天祿分竄鄰水、長壽，复敗之，天祿為額勒登保所殲。二月，移駐達州。疏言扎寨團練，行之四川有效，請通行於湖北、陝西、河南；又言安民即以散賊，請各省被賊之區，蠲免今歲應徵錢糧：並如議行。四月，追剿天德、紹週、建、人傑及張子聰等，賊遁開縣東鄉。旋分竄竹峪關、渡口場，意圖入陝。五月，子聰勾合藍號冉天元北竄，遣額勒登保兜擊，逼回川境。子聰竄通江，藍號包正洪竄雲陽，青號王登廷竄東鄉，天德、紹週、建、人傑及線號龔文玉，白號張天倫竄大寧老林，勒保檄調諸軍分剿。六月，總兵硃射鬥殲正洪於雲陽；七月，德楞泰擒文玉於大寧；八月，提督七十五擒建、人傑於開縣：賊勢浸衰矣。

Tianlu absorbed Sanhuai's host, held out stubbornly, and the siege dragged on; Long Shaozhou, Gong Jian, and Fan Renjie (Yellow) came to relieve them and were repulsed. In month 10, starving, Tianlu feigned surrender, night-attacked the camp, was crushed, and fled to Xining. In month 1 of year 4 Eledengbao beat Tiande, who fled to Renshipu in Xining to join Wang Guangzu (Yellow). Le Bao and Eledengbao struck together; Tiande ran to Dianjiang and Tianlu to Zhongzhou. Le Bao sent Eledengbao after Tiande, Bai Xiang after Tianlu, and led the main army in support. Emperor Renzong, noting divided command, made Le Bao supreme commander over Sichuan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Gansu, and Henan, with Mingliang and Eledengbao as deputies. Judging Sichuan the main theater, he asked to stay at Liangshan and Dazhu to direct the war. Tiande was soon broken; Tianlu split toward Linshui and Changshou, was beaten again, and Eledengbao destroyed him. In month 2 he shifted his headquarters to Dazhou. He memorialized that stockades and militia had worked in Sichuan and should extend to Hubei, Shaanxi, and Henan; he also urged remitting this year's taxes in ravaged districts to win the people and starve the rebels—both requests were granted. In month 4 he pursued Tiande, Shaozhou, Jian, Renjie, and Zhang Zicong to Kaixian's Dongxiang. They then split toward Zhuyuguan and Dukouchang, aiming for Shaanxi. In month 5 Zicong and Ran Tianyuan (Blue) thrust north; Eledengbao turned them back into Sichuan. Zicong went to Tongjiang, Bao Zhenghong (Blue) to Yunyang, Wang Dengting (Green) to Dongxiang; Tiande, Shaozhou, Jian, Renjie, Gong Wenyu (Red), and Zhang Tianlun (White) hid in Daning's great forest—Le Bao divided the pursuit. In month 6 Zhu Shedou killed Zhenghong at Yunyang; in month 7 Delengtai took Wenyu in Daning; in month 8 Qishiwu seized Jian and Renjie at Kaixian—the rebels were ebbing.

會治餉大臣福寧劾勒保月餉十二萬兩，視他路為多，所辦賊有增無減；而天德復由大寧闌入湖北境，總督倭什布飛章告警。詔褫職，命尚書魁倫赴川勘問，以額勒登保代為經略。勒保能得軍心，而八旗兵素驕，稍裁抑之，遂騰蜚語，及就逮，所部將士為之訟冤。魁倫窺帝怒不測，未以上聞，稍為申辨糜餉縱賊罪，卒坐以明亮、恆瑞不聽調度；副都統訥音兵譁閧，不據實參奏；又賊犯楚境不即馳報，玩視軍務，論大辟。帝念前功，改為斬監候，解部監禁。

Then Funing, the commissary, accused Le Bao of drawing 120,000 taels a month—more than other fronts—while rebels only multiplied; Tiande again slipped from Daning into Hubei, and Governor Wo-shi-bu alarmed the throne. Le Bao was dismissed; Kuilun was sent to investigate; Eledengbao replaced him as supreme commander. Le Bao was loved by the ranks, but he curbed arrogant Banner troops; rumors spread, and when he was arrested his officers pleaded for him. Kuilun, fearing the Emperor's mood, withheld the petitions and lightly defended the waste-and-negligence charges; Le Bao was finally blamed because Mingliang and Hengrui disobeyed orders; Ne'yin's troops mutinied and he failed to report it honestly; and he delayed reporting rebels in Hubei—capital crime. Mindful of earlier service, the Emperor commuted to imprisonment awaiting execution in the ministry jails.

五年春，額勒登保等勦賊陝西，魁倫專任川事，而將士不用命。天元、子聰合黃號徐萬富、青號汪瀛、線號陳得俸，渡嘉陵江，魁倫退守潼河，事聞，起勒保赴川。三月至，賊已越潼河，赴中江截剿，連敗之，詔逮魁倫，授勒保四川提督，兼署總督。時德楞泰已大破賊於馬蹄岡，冉天元、陳得俸、雷世旺先後殄滅；合剿汪瀛於嘉陵江口，擒之。四月，擊敗高天升、馬學禮，賊遁甘肅番境，五月，复犯龍安，罷提督，專任總督。六月，賊北走甘肅，遣副都統阿哈保追之，自率兵剿川東、川北諸賊。七月，與德楞泰合擊白號苟文明、鮮大川於岳池新場，敗之，大川走死，實授總督。

In spring of year 5 Eledengbao fought in Shaanxi while Kuilun held Sichuan, yet the troops would not obey. Tianyuan and Zicong united Xu Wanfu (Yellow), Wang Ying (Green), and Chen Defu (Red), crossed the Jialing, and Kuilun retreated to the Tong—Le Bao was summoned back. In month 3 he reached Sichuan after the rebels crossed the Tong; at Zhongjiang he beat them repeatedly; Kuilun was arrested and Le Bao made provincial commander-in-chief acting governor-general. Delengtai had already won at Matigang; Tianyuan, Defu, and Shiwang were gone; a combined strike at the Jialing mouth took Wang Ying. In month 4 he beat Gao Tiansheng and Ma Xueli; they fled into Gansu tribal lands; after a Long'an raid in month 5 he kept only the governor-generalship. In month 6 rebels entered Gansu; Ahabao pursued while he cleared eastern and northern Sichuan. In month 7 he and Delengtai beat Gou Wenming and Xian Dachuan at Yuechi's Xinchang; Dachuan died fleeing; Le Bao received full governor-general rank.

八月，白號賊與青號趙麻花合，進擊，殲其黨湯思舉。麻花復合王珊向陝境，欲迎天德入川。勒保截之於江口，斃麻花，珊亦為德楞泰所誅。十二月，藍號李彬、白號楊開第、黃號齊國謨自巴州竄儀隴，德楞泰擊斃國謨，勒保亦斬開第，獨彬遁走。六年正月，移師川東，敗藍號楊步青於大寧，而樊人傑、徐萬富合藍號王士虎、冉天士擾廣元、蒼溪。遣阿哈保往援，賊偽向儀隴，陰沿嘉陵江南下，欲潛渡；馳至南部與阿哈保合擊，殲萬富。二月，藍號張士龍竄巴州，遣七十五擊斬之；自擊藍號陳朝觀、白號魏學盛，敗之巫山、雲陽間。賊北竄入陝、楚界，追至竹山。六月，賊回竄東鄉，擊敗之，擒青號何子魁，殲藍號苟文明、鮮俸先。七月，又擒徐天壽、王登高。八月，白號高見奇合魏學盛竄廣元，邀擊之，追至通江。適藍號冉學勝自老林至與合，乘夜攻之，擒學勝。詔封三等男。九月，見奇、學盛分竄南江及陝西西鄉。勒保抵南江，聞李彬方掠巴州、蒼溪，恐逾嘉陵江，亟往，賊已東竄通江；乃移兵大竹，剿湯思蛟、劉朝選，追至太平，擒其黨蕭焜。

In month 8 White rebels joined Zhao Mahua (Green); he advanced and killed Tang Siju. Mahua and Wang Shan then moved toward Shaanxi to bring Tiande back into Sichuan. Le Bao blocked them at Jiangkou, killed Mahua, and Delengtai executed Shan. In month 12 Li Bin (Blue), Yang Kaidi (White), and Qi Guomo (Yellow) fled Bazhou toward Yilong; Delengtai killed Guomo, Le Bao Kaidi—only Bin escaped. In month 1 of year 6 he moved east, beat Yang Buqing (Blue) at Daning; Fan Renjie and Xu Wanfu with Wang Shihu and Ran Tianshi (Blue) raided Guangyuan and Cangxi. He sent Ahabao; they feigned on Yilong while slipping south along the Jialing to ford secretly; he rushed to Nanbu, joined Ahabao, and destroyed Wanfu. In month 2 Zhang Shilong (Blue) fled to Bazhou; Qishiwu hunted and killed him; he himself routed Chen Chaoguan (Blue) and Wei Xuesheng (White) between Wushan and Yunyang. The rebels slipped north into the Shaanxi-Hubei borderlands and were chased to Zhushan. In month 6 they doubled back to Dongxiang; he beat them, took He Zikui of the Green band, and wiped out Gou Wenming and Xian Fengxian of the Blue band. In month 7 he also seized Xu Tianshou and Wang Dengting. In month 8 Gao Jianqi of the White band fled to Guangyuan with Wei Xuesheng; Le Bao intercepted and chased them to Tongjiang. Ran Xuesheng of the Blue band arrived from the great forest; a night attack took him. The court made him a third-class baron. In month 9 Jianqi and Xuesheng split toward Nanjiang and Shaanxi's Xixiang. At Nanjiang he learned Li Bin was raiding Bazhou and Cangxi and rushed to block a Jialing crossing—the rebels had already fled east to Tongjiang; he moved on Dazhu against Tang Sijiao and Liu Chaoxuan, pursued to Taiping, and seized Xiao Kun.

是冬，偕額勒登保、德楞泰疏言：「剿匪大局已定，請酌撤官兵。」詔以「巨賊未盡除，遽思將就了事」，嚴斥之。七年正月，复疏言：「川省自築寨練團，賊勢十去其九。擬分段駐兵，率團協力搜捕餘匪；遣熟諳軍事之道、府，正、佐各員，分專責成。兵力所不到，民力助之；民力所不支，兵力助之：庶賊無所匿。」詔如議行。是月，擒青號何讚於忠州。二月，李彬竄南江，為建昌道劉清所擒。三月，張天倫、魏學盛擾川北，遣總兵田朝貴往剿，不利；親率羅思舉等繼進，大敗賊於巴州，天倫、學盛並就殲。五月，遣羅聲皋、達斯呼勒岱剿擒白號庹向瑤；總兵張績剿青號，擒徐天培；田朝貴剿藍號，殲楊步青。七月，劉朝選糾青、藍、黃號殘匪竄大寧，勒保遣將擊之，羅思舉擒朝選，達斯呼勒岱殲賴飛隴，詔晉一等男。十月，羅思舉擒張簡，而湯思蛟敗竄亦就獲。十一月，思舉擒黃號唐明萬。時川中著名逆首率就擒殲；餘匪竄老林，不復成股。在陝、楚者亦多為額勒登保、德楞泰所殲。十二月，合疏馳奏蕆功，晉封一等伯爵，仍以「威勤」為號。

That winter he joined Eledengbao and Delengtai in urging: "The rebellion is essentially won—trim the regular armies." The throne retorted that major chiefs remained and rebuked them for trying to wind the war up too soon. In month 1 of year 7 he argued that stockades and militia had reduced rebel power in Sichuan by nine tenths. He proposed sector garrisons and militia sweeps for stragglers; and assigning experienced circuit and prefectural officers to defined responsibilities. Where the army could not go, the people would help; where the people could not hold, troops would step in—leaving the rebels no refuge. The court approved the plan. That month he took He Zan of the Green band at Zhongzhou. In month 2 Li Bin fled to Nanjiang and was taken by Liu Qing, the Jianda intendant. In month 3 Zhang Tianlun and Wei Xuesheng raided northern Sichuan; Tian Chaogui failed against them; Le Bao then led Luo Siju and others forward and crushed them at Bazhou; Tianlun and Xuesheng perished. In month 5 Luo Shenggao and Dasihuledai captured Tuo Xiangyao of the White band; Zhang Ji took Xu Tianpei of the Green band; Tian Chaogui destroyed Yang Buqing of the Blue band. In month 7 Liu Chaoxuan rallied Green, Blue, and Yellow remnants in Daning; Luo Siju seized him and Dasihuledai killed Lai Feilong; Le Bao was raised to first-class baron. In month 10 Luo Siju took Zhang Jian and Tang Sijiao was captured in flight. In month 11 Siju seized Tang Mingwan of the Yellow band. By then Sichuan's notorious rebel leaders were mostly dead or in chains; survivors hid in the great forest in scattered bands. Shaanxi and Hubei remnants fell chiefly to Eledengbao and Delengtai. In month 12 they jointly reported victory; Le Bao was made a first-class earl, still styled Weiqin.

八年，搜捕餘匪，擒白號苟文富、宋國品、張順，青號王青，招降黃號王國賢，偕額勒登保、德楞泰會奏肅清。未幾，陝西南山餘孽復起，至九年八月始平。十年，入覲，詔曰：「自嘉慶四年，勒保在川省令鄉民分結寨落，匪始無由焚劫，且助官軍擊賊。其後陝、楚仿行，賊勢乃促。今三省閭閻安堵，實得力此策為多。加太子太保、雙眼花翎，回鎮四川，與民休息。」時解散鄉勇，令入伍為兵。

In year 8 he mopped up remnants—Gou Wenfu, Song Guopin, Zhang Shun, Wang Qing—and won Wang Guoxian's surrender; with Eledengbao and Delengtai he declared Sichuan clear. Shaanxi's southern hills rebelled again and were not quiet until month 8 of year 9. In year 10 he attended court; the Emperor said Le Bao's stockades from Jiaqing 4 had stopped rebel raids and even helped government troops. Shaanxi and Hubei followed, tightening the rebels' grip. The three provinces are now largely at peace—chiefly thanks to that policy. He received Grand Guardian rank, double peacock feathers, and returned to Sichuan to let the people recover. Militia were then disbanded and enrolled as regulars.

十一年秋，陝西寧陝鎮新兵倡亂，遣總兵唐文淑往援剿，叛將蒲大芳縛首逆乞降，德楞泰受之。勒保奏劾：「叛兵罪重於逆匪，率以納降。不知畏威，安能悔罪？他兵從而生心，益驕難制。」帝韙其言，命赴陝西會治善後事宜。尋聞四川綏定新兵亦叛，桂涵捕擒首逆，磔之，餘黨並論如律。十三年，涼山夷匪擾馬邊廳，剿平之。十四年，拜武英殿大學士，仍留總督任。

In autumn of year 11 Ningshan new troops mutinied; Tang Wenshu was sent; Pu Dafang bound the leaders and surrendered—Delengtai accepted. Le Bao impeached the policy: "Mutineers outrank rebels in guilt yet are repeatedly spared by surrender. Without fear of authority there is no repentance. Other troops will take heart and grow ungovernable." The Emperor agreed and sent him to Shaanxi on pacification duty. Soon Suining's new troops rebelled too; Gui Han seized the leaders, executed them, and punished the rest. In year 13 Liangshan Yi raiders at Mabian were pacified. In year 14 he became Grand Secretary of the Hall of Military Glory while keeping the governorship.

十五年，召來京供職。坐在四川隱匿名揭帖未奏，降授工部尚書，調刑部。十六年，出為兩江總督。尋內召，复授武英殿大學士，管理吏部，改兵部，授領侍衛內大臣。十八年，充軍機大臣，兼管理籓院。十九年，以病乞休，食威勤伯全俸。二十四年，卒，詔贈一等侯，諡文襄。

In year 15 he was recalled to Beijing. He was demoted to Minister of Works, then Punishments, for hiding an anonymous placard in Sichuan without reporting it. In year 16 he became Liangjiang governor-general. Soon he was recalled, made Grand Secretary again, directed Personnel then War, and became chief imperial bodyguard commandant. In year 18 he joined the Grand Council and directed the Court of Colonial Affairs. In year 19 he retired ill, keeping the Weiqin earl's full stipend. He died in year 24; the court posthumously made him a first-class marquis with the posthumous name Wenxiang.

勒保短小精悍，多智數。知其父金川之役以剛愎敗，一反所為，寄心膂於諸將帥，優禮寮屬，俾各盡其長，卒成大功。晚入閣，益斂鋒芒，結同朝之歡，而內分涇、渭。既罷相，帝眷注不衰，命皇四子瑞親王娶其女，以恩禮終。

Le Bao was small, wiry, and resourceful. Knowing his father's Jinchuan failure came from stubbornness, he trusted his generals, honored his staff, and won the war by letting each man do his best. Late in life in the cabinet he softened his manner and courted colleagues, though factions still divided him inwardly. After leaving office he remained favored; Prince Rui married his daughter, and he died in honor.

子九，長英惠，科布多參贊大臣，襲三等威勤侯，卒；孫文厚，嗣爵。第四子英綬，工部侍郎；孫文俊，江西巡撫。

Of nine sons, the eldest Yinghui served at Kobdo, inherited the third-class Weiqin marquisate, and died; grandson Wenhou succeeded to the title. The fourth son Yingshou became vice minister of works; grandson Wenjun became Jiangxi governor.

額勒登保，字珠軒，瓜爾佳氏，滿洲正黃旗人。世為吉林珠戶，隸打牲總管。乾隆中，以馬甲從征緬甸大小金川，累擢三等侍衛，賜號和隆阿巴圖魯，乾清門行走。四十九年，剿甘肅石峰堡回匪。五十二年，平台灣。疊遷御前侍衛。五十六年，從福康安徵廓爾喀，攝駐藏大臣。攻克擦木賊寨，七戰七勝，抵帕朗古河，班師殿後，加副都統銜。論台灣、廓爾喀功，兩次圖形紫光閣。尋授副都統兼護軍統領，擢都統。

Eledengbao, courtesy name Zhuxuan, was a Guwalgiya Manchu of the Plain Yellow Banner. His family had long been Jilin pearl fishers under the hunting superintendent. Under Qianlong he campaigned in Burma and Jinchuan, rose to third-class bodyguard, received the title Helong'a Batulu, and served at the Qianqing Gate. In year 49 he fought Hui rebels at Shifengbao in Gansu. In year 52 he pacified Taiwan. He rose to imperial bodyguard. In year 56 he followed Fuk'ang'an to Gurkha and acted as Tibet resident minister. He took Camo in seven victories, reached the Palung River, covered the withdrawal, and received deputy banner commander rank. For Taiwan and Gurkha service his portrait entered the Hall of Purple Glories twice. He became deputy banner commander and acting guard commandant, then banner commander.

六十年，貴州松桃苗石柳鄧、湖南永綏苗石三保相繼叛，陷乾州。福康安視師，請額勒登保偕護軍統領德楞泰率巴圖魯侍衛赴軍。至則松桃圍已解，石柳鄧逸入石三保黃瓜寨中。額勒登保由松桃進攻，解永綏圍，克黃瓜寨。攻賊首吳半生於蘇麻寨，克西梁；半生遁高多寨，擒之：授內大臣。又獲乾州賊目吳八月，餘黨據平隴，進抵長吉山，敗之。嘉慶元年，福康安卒，和琳代。時石三保就擒，石柳鄧在平隴，乃進兵复乾州，賜花翎，署領侍衛內大臣。秋，和琳卒於軍，統兵者惟額勒登保、德楞泰及湖南巡撫姜晟三人。詔將軍明亮、提督鄂輝往會剿。十月，克平隴，石柳鄧遁踞養牛塘山梁，分兵克之。十二月，斬石柳鄧，苗縛吳八月子廷義以獻。軍事告竣，詔嘉其功最，錫封威勇侯，賜雙眼花翎。

In year 60 Shi Liudeng of Songtao, Guizhou, and Shi Sanbao of Yongshun, Hunan, rebelled and seized Qianzhou. Fuk'ang'an asked Eledengbao and Delengtai to bring Baturu guards to the front. Songtao was already relieved; Liudeng had fled into Sanbao's Huangguazhai. Eledengbao advanced from Songtao, lifted Yongshun, and took Huangguazhai. He struck Wu Bansheng at Sumazhai and took Xiliang; Bansheng fled to Gaoduo and was captured; Eledengbao became an inner court minister. He took Wu Babu of Qianzhou; remnants held Pinglong and were beaten at Changji Mountain. In Jiaqing 1 Fuk'ang'an died and Helin succeeded him. Sanbao was taken and Liudeng held Pinglong; he recovered Qianzhou, received peacock feathers, and acted as chief bodyguard commandant. That autumn Helin died in camp; only Eledengbao, Delengtai, and Jiang Sheng remained in command. Mingliang and E'hui were ordered to join the campaign. In month 10 Pinglong fell; Liudeng held Yangniutang and was driven from position after position. In month 12 Liudeng was beheaded; Miao captors sent Wu Babu's son Tingyi. The war ended; the court praised him above all, made him Marquis Weiyong, and gave double peacock feathers.

二年，移師剿湖北教匪。時林之華、覃加耀踞長陽黃柏山，地險糧足，總督福寧攻之久不下。三月，額勒登保至，克四方台。賊遁鶴峰芭葉山，其險隘曰大拏口，六月克之。賊竄宣恩、建始，分兵三路進，十月，斃之華於大茅田，而加耀遁施南山中，尋竄長樂硃裡寨，三面懸崖，惟東南一徑。十二月，遣死士縋登，掘地窖火藥轟之，賊爭走，墜崖，坑谷皆滿。惟加耀偕賊二百遁，踞歸州終報寨。詔斥額勒登保縱賊，降三等伯爵。三年春，加耀始就擒，仍以蕆事緩，奪爵職、花翎，予副都統銜，命赴陝西協剿襄匪高均德、姚之富、齊王氏等。會李全自盩厔至藍田，欲與諸賊合，擊走之。姚之富、齊王氏失援，遂為明亮、德楞泰所殲。進剿均德於兩岔河，賊分竄商州、鎮安。四月，赴荊州會剿張漢潮，敗之竹山，躡追，由陝西入四川。九月，擊漢潮於廣元，擒其子正漋。與德楞泰等合剿川匪羅其清。其清踞營山之箕山，已為德楞泰所破，竄大鵬寨。額勒登保與德楞泰、惠齡、恆瑞四路進攻，十月合圍。其清突走青觀山，樹柵距險。額勒登保鑑於黃柏山、芭葉山頓兵之失，議主急攻，親逼柵前，席地坐，令楊遇春督兵囊土立營，且戰且築，諸軍繼之，攻擊七晝夜。賊不支，竄渡巴河，踞遂風寨廢堡。德楞泰同至，圍之數重，勢垂克，薄暮，忽傳令撤圍。賊傾巢夜潰，遲至黎明始馳追，賊四路逃竄，至方山坪已散盡，獲其清於石穴，逸匪數日內並為民兵擒獻。是役，賊趨絕地，無外援，開網縱之，飢疲就縛，士卒不損，竟全功焉，复花翎。十二月，追徐天德、冷天祿於合州。

In year 2 he turned to the Hubei sect rebels. Lin Zhihua and Tan Jiayao held well-supplied Huangbai Mountain in Changyang; Funing had besieged them in vain. In month 3 Eledengbao arrived and took Sifangtai. They fled to Hefeng's Baye Mountain; its Danakou pass fell in month 6. They slipped into Xuan'en and Jianshi; in month 10 he killed Zhihua at Damaotian while Jiayao hid on Shinan Mountain, then Changle Zhuli—cliffs on three sides, one path southeast. In month 12 daredevils roped in; a powder mine blew the stockade; rebels rushed out, fell from cliffs, and filled the ravines. Only Jiayao escaped with two hundred men and held Zhongbao in Guizhou. The court rebuked him for letting Jiayao escape and cut him to third-class earl. In spring of year 3 Jiayao was taken, but delay cost him his title and feathers; he became deputy banner commander and went to Shaanxi against Gao Junde, Yao Zhifu, and Qi Wangshi. Li Quan moved from Zhouzhi toward Lantian to join the rebels; Eledengbao drove him off. Zhifu and Qi Wangshi, cut off, were destroyed by Mingliang and Delengtai. He pressed Junde at Liangcha River; the rebels split toward Shangzhou and Zhen'an. In month 4 he joined the hunt for Zhang Hanchao, beat him at Zhushan, and pursued into Sichuan. In month 9 he struck Hanchao at Guangyuan and took his son Zhengyong. With Delengtai he jointly suppressed Luo Qiqing in Sichuan. Luo Qiqing held Jishan in Yingshan but Delengtai had already broken him; he fled to Dapeng stockade. In month 10 Eledengbao, Delengtai, Hui Ling, and Hengrui closed in from four sides. Qiqing broke out to Qingguan Mountain and fortified the heights. Mindful of Huangbai and Baye, Eledengbao pressed a rush assault; he sat before the palisade while Yang Yuchun raised earthworks under fire for seven days and nights. They broke, crossed the Ba River, and held ruined Suifeng stockade. Delengtai joined the siege; victory was near when at dusk came orders to lift the investment. The bandits evacuated by night; pursuit lagged until dawn; they scattered; Qiqing was taken in a cave and the rest rounded up by militia within days. Trapped without relief, they were starved into capture with few troop losses; his feathers were restored. In month 12 he pursued Xu Tiande and Leng Tianlu at Hezhou.

四年春，詔以勒保為經略大臣，額勒登保與明亮同授副都統為參贊。三月，追冷天祿於大竹，聞蕭佔國、張長庚由閬州竄營山，回軍迎擊。賊踞黃土坪，臨江負山，令總兵硃射鬥繞出雞猴寨，截其西；自率楊遇春由東襲攻城隍廟，賊西走，為射鬥所扼，夾擊，殲其半，越山竄走尚數千。乘夜圍擊於譚家山，隕崖死及生擒幾盡，斬佔國、長庚。有冒難民逃出者，投冷天祿，述兵威，天祿曰：「我曾於安樂坪破經略兵數万，何懼此乎？」時踞岳池，距大軍不遠，天祿遣大隊先行，自率悍黨八百殿後。額勒登保冒雨由間道進至廣安，令穆克登布據石頭堰以待，楊遇春潛出賊後；自將索倫勁騎沖之，賊死鬥，天祿斃於箭。次日，迫其大隊於石筍河，斬溺過半，先渡者追殲之。旬日間連殄三劇賊，疊詔嘉賚，先封二等男爵，晉一等。四月，追剿白號張子聰於雲陽，子聰糾合黃號樊人傑、線號蕭焜、卜三聘等，疊敗之寒水壩，賊稍散。五月，子聰復合冉天元窺陝境，扼御之。子聰竄通江，追敗之於苟家坪，又敗天元於木老壩。七月，天元竄鎮龍關，欲與王登廷合，登廷屯馬鞍寨，擊走之。窮追至大竹、東鄉，援賊麕至，分兵進擊，擒斬甚眾，仍躡登廷。

In spring of year 4 Le Bao became supreme commander; Eledengbao and Mingliang were made deputy banner commanders as his deputies. In month 3 he pursued Leng Tianlu at Dazhu; hearing Xiao Zhanguo and Zhang Changgeng were raiding from Langzhou into Yingshan, he turned back. They held Huangtuping above the river; Zhu Shedou was sent around Jihou stockade to block the west; Eledengbao led Yang Yuchun from the east; the rebels were caught between him and Shedou, half destroyed, though thousands escaped over the hills. A night battle at Tanjia Mountain sent many over the cliffs; Zhanguo and Changgeng were beheaded. Refugee impostors reached Leng Tianlu and praised the army; Tianlu said, "At Anleping I broke the supreme commander's host—why fear them?" He held Yuechi near the main force; Tianlu sent the bulk ahead with eight hundred veterans in the rear. Eledengbao marched through rain by a bypath to Guang'an, posted Mukedengbu at Shitouyan, and sent Yang Yuchun behind the rebels; He charged with Solon cavalry; Tianlu fell to arrows in the melee. Next day at Shixun River more than half were killed or drowned; survivors who crossed were hunted down. In ten days three major chiefs fell; edicts piled praise on him; he rose from second-class to first-class baron. In month 4 he pursued Zhang Zicong at Yunyang; Zicong rallied Fan Renjie, Xiao Kun, Bu Sanpin, and others; repeated defeats at Hanshuiba scattered them. In month 5 Zicong joined Ran Tianyuan to probe Shaanxi and was blocked. Zicong fled to Tongjiang, was beaten at Goujiaping, and Tianyuan at Mulaoba. In month 7 Tianyuan aimed for Zhenlong Pass to join Wang Dengting; Dengting at Ma'an stockade was driven off. Pressed toward Dazhu and Dongxiang, he divided forces, killed many, and kept after Dengting.

額勒登保戰績為諸軍最，湖北道員胡齊崙治餉餽送諸將，事發，獨無所受，詔嘉其「忠勇公清，為東三省人傑」。八月，勒保以罪逮，命代為經略，授領侍衛內大臣，補都統。疏陳軍事曰：「臣前數年止領一路偏師，今任經略，當籌全局。教匪本屬編氓，宜招撫以散其眾，然必能剿而後可撫，必能堵而後可剿。從前湖北教匪多，脅從少；四川教匪少，脅從多。今楚賊盡逼入川，其與川東巫山、大寧接壤者，有界嶺可扼，是湖北重在堵而不在剿。川、陝交界，自廣元至太平，千餘裡隨處可通，陝攻急則入川，川攻急則入陝，是漢江南北剿堵並重。川東、川北有嘉陵江以限其西南，餘皆崇山峻嶺，居民近皆扼險築寨，團練守禦；而川北形勢更便於川東，若能驅各路之賊偪川北，必可聚而殲旃：是四川重在剿而不在堵。但使所至堡寨羅布，兵隨其後，遇賊迎截夾擊，以堵為剿，事半功倍，此則三省所同。臣已行知陝、楚，曉諭修築，並定賞格，以期兵民同心蹙賊。至從征官兵，日行百十里，旬月尚可耐勞，若閱四五年之久，騾馬尚且踣斃，何況於人？續調新募者，不習勞苦，更不如舊兵。臣一軍尚能得力者，以兵士所到之處，亦臣所到之處；兵士不得食息，臣亦不得食息。自將弁以及士卒，無不一心一力，而各路不能盡然。近日不得已，將臣兵與各提鎮互相更調，以期人人精銳。」又言：「軍中出力人員，應隨時鼓勵，令各路領兵大員，自行保奏，以免諮送遲延。」帝並韙之。

Eledengbao led the armies in victories; when commissary Hu Qilun was prosecuted for supply abuses, Eledengbao alone had taken nothing—the court praised his loyal, incorruptible service. In month 8 Le Bao was arrested; Eledengbao replaced him as supreme commander, became chief bodyguard commandant, and regained banner commander rank. He memorialized: "I once led a wing; as supreme commander I must see the whole field. These rebels are peasants; inducement scatters them—but suppression must come first, and blocking before suppression. In Hubei there were many rebels and few coerced followers; in Sichuan few rebels but many coerced followers. Now Hubei rebels are squeezed into Sichuan; along the Wushan-Daning border ridges can hold them—Hubei needs blocking more than chasing. From Guangyuan to Taiping the Sichuan-Shaanxi line has a thousand li of crossings—pressure on either side shifts the rebels; both chase and block matter along the Han. East and north Sichuan are bounded southwest by the Jialing; elsewhere people hold passes in stockades with militia; Northern Sichuan is easier to defend than the east; drive all bands north and they can be annihilated—Sichuan must chase more than block. With stockades everywhere and troops behind, intercept and pincer—block as chase—and the three provinces share the same method. I have urged Shaanxi and Hubei to build stockades and set rewards so troops and people squeeze the rebels together. Campaign troops can march a hundred li a day for a month; over four or five years even mules die—what of men? Fresh recruits suffer worse than veterans. My army works because I go where my men go; when they cannot rest, neither can I. My men are united; other routes are not. I have lately swapped troops with other commanders to sharpen every unit." He also asked that front-line heroes be rewarded promptly by their own commanders without central delay." The Emperor approved both proposals.

時徐天德敗於湖北，折回川東，漸衰弱；而王登廷與冉天元、苟文明合阮正漋竄廣元，賊勢重在川北。九月，率楊遇春殲正漋於雲霧山。十一月，登廷、天德、天元及樊人傑會合抗拒，疊戰於巴州何家院、東君壩，擒賊目賈正舉、王國安，追至蒼溪貓兒埡。額勒登保以天元善戰，令楊遇春、穆克登布合左右翼力擊。穆克登布輕進，為天元所乘，傷亡甚眾；賊萃攻經略中營，血戰竟夜，賊始退，次日，登廷在南江為鄉團所擒。額勒登保以實聞，詔嘉其不諱敗，不攘功，不鬼大臣。天元竄開縣，額勒登保病留太平，遣楊遇春、穆克登布追之。將與德楞泰夾擊，而楊開甲、辛聰、王廷詔、高天升、馬學禮諸賊以川北守禦嚴，無所掠，乘間由老林竄陝西城固、南鄭，提督王文雄不能禦，前路賊且入甘肅。額勒登保疏請以川事付魁倫、德楞泰，自力疾赴陝，而德楞泰先已西行赴援，不及回軍。

Xu Tiande, beaten in Hubei, had doubled back east and was fading; Wang Dengting, Tianyuan, Gou Wenming, and Ruan Zhengyong massed in northern Sichuan. In month 9 Yang Yuchun destroyed Zhengyong at Yunwu Mountain. In month 11 the chiefs united; battles at Hejiayuan and Dongjunba took Jia Zhengju and Wang Guo'an; pursuit reached Mao'erya. Because Tianyuan fought well, Eledengbao ordered Yang Yuchun and Mukedengbu to hit both flanks. Mukedengbu advanced rashly and suffered heavy loss; They stormed Eledengbao's headquarters all night; next day militia took Dengting at Nanjiang. He reported honestly; the court praised him for not hiding defeat, seizing credit, or blaming superiors. Tianyuan fled to Kaixian; ill, Eledengbao stayed at Taiping and sent Yang Yuchun and Mukedengbu after him. A pincer with Delengtai was planned, but Kaijia, Xin Cong, Tingzhao, Tiansheng, and Xueli slipped through the great forest into Shaanxi; Wang Wenxiong failed to stop them and they threatened Gansu. He asked to leave Sichuan to Kuilun and Delengtai and go to Shaanxi ill; Delengtai was already westward.

五年春，天元糾脅日眾，乘魁倫初受事，遂奪渡嘉陵江，硃射鬥戰死。未幾，潼河复失守，川中震動。詔逮魁倫，起勒保與德楞泰同辦川賊，責額勒登保與那彥成專剿陝賊。時那彥成破南山餘賊於隴山、伏羌，德楞泰追王廷詔、楊開甲於成縣。額勒登保亦至，乃令德楞泰回川西，自與那彥成分三路，遏賊入川及北竄之路。楊遇春、穆克登布破張天倫於岷州，慶成等破張世龍於洮河。廷詔、開甲合犯大營，擊走之，分兵追賊。大軍移剿高天升、馬學禮，迭敗之，賊逾渭北竄，尋要之於鞏昌，又要廷詔、開甲於岷州。諸賊並逼回渭南，而張世龍等走秦州，將趨北棧。留那彥成追高、馬二賊，自率楊遇春、岱森保回陝，令王文雄及總兵索費英阿等分扼南北棧。張漢潮已為明亮所殲，餘黨留陝者糾合复眾。張世龍、張天倫為大兵所驅，竄滇安，皆注漢北山中，東向商、雒，賊复蔓延。嚴詔詰責，召那彥成回京。閏四月，額勒登保率楊遇春連敗賊於商、雒、兩岔河，令遇春扼龍駒寨，使不得犯河南。賊乃回竄，留後隊綴官軍，連破之洵陽大、小、中溪，設伏溪口，擒斬三千餘，斃藍號劉允恭、劉開玉，於是漢潮餘黨略盡，晉封三等子。楊開甲、辛聰、張世龍、張天倫、伍金柱、戴仕傑等皆西竄。五月，令楊遇春等追擊金柱等於漢陰手扳崖，陣斃賊目龐洪勝等。進攻楊開甲等於洋縣茅坪，賊踞山巔，誘之出戰，伏兵繞賊後夾擊，陣斬開甲。六月，賊竄甘肅徽縣、兩當，藍號陳杰偷越棧道，擒之。八月，遇春斬伍金柱於成縣，斃宋麻子於兩當，賊復回竄陝境。疏陳軍事，略謂：「賊踪飄忽，時分時合，隨殺隨增，東西回竄，官軍受其牽綴，稍不慎即墮術中，堵剿均無速效，自請治罪。」又言：「地廣兵單，請將防兵悉為剿兵，防堵責鄉勇，促築陝、楚寨堡以絕擄掠。」溫詔慰勞，以剿捕責諸將，防堵責疆吏，分專其任。會賊逼武關，截擊走之。

In spring of year 5 Tianyuan's host grew; Kuilun, newly in command, lost the Jialing crossing and Zhu Shedou fell. Soon the Tong River fell again and Sichuan was alarmed. Kuilun was arrested; Le Bao and Delengtai took Sichuan; Eledengbao and Nayancheng took Shaanxi. Nayancheng had beaten southern-hill remnants; Delengtai pursued Tingzhao and Kaijia at Chengxian. Eledengbao sent Delengtai back west and with Nayancheng blocked paths into Sichuan and north. Yang Yuchun beat Zhang Tianlun at Minzhou; Qingcheng beat Zhang Shilong on the Tao. Tingzhao and Kaijia attacked headquarters and were repulsed; pursuit was divided. The main army beat Tiansheng and Xueli, drove them north of the Wei, intercepted at Gongchang, and caught Tingzhao and Kaijia at Minzhou. All bands were pushed to Weinan while Shilong aimed for the northern plank road through Qinzhou. He left Nayancheng after Gao and Ma and with Yang Yuchun and Daisenbao held the plank roads through Wang Wenxiong and Suofei Ying'a. Hanchao was gone; Shaanxi remnants regrouped. Shilong and Tianlun fled to Dian'an and into the Hanbei hills toward Shang and Luo—the rebellion spread again. The court rebuked them sharply and recalled Nayancheng. In intercalary month 4 he beat rebels at Shang, Luo, and Liangcha River and posted Yang Yuchun at Longju to bar Henan. They doubled back; he ambushed them at Xunyang's streams, killed three thousand, took Liu Yungong and Liu Kaiyu, and was made third-class viscount. Kaijia, Xin Cong, Shilong, Tianlun, Wu Jinzhu, Dai Shijie, and others fled west. In month 5 Yang Yuchun killed Pang Hongsheng at Shoubanya in Hanyin. At Yangxian's Maoping he lured Kaijia out and killed him with a rear ambush. In month 6 rebels entered Huixian and Liangdang; Chen Jie of the Blue band crossed the plank road and was taken. In month 8 Yuchun killed Wu Jinzhu at Chengxian and Song Mazi at Liangdang; rebels re-entered Shaanxi. He confessed that rebels split and merged unpredictably, that troops were always one step behind, and asked punishment. He asked to turn garrisons into strikers, leave blocking to militia, and build stockades in Shaanxi and Hubei. The Emperor comforted him, leaving pursuit to generals and blocking to local officials. When rebels threatened Wuguan he turned them back.

六年春，奏設寧陝鎮為南山屏障，如議行。二月，楊遇春擒王廷詔於川、陝交界鞍子溝，擒高天德、馬學禮於寧羌龍洞溪，三賊皆最悍。詔晉二等子，复雙眼花翎。時賊之著者，陝西冉學勝、伍懷志，湖北徐天德、苟文明，四川樊人傑、冉天泗、王士虎等，尚不下十餘股。四月，剿學勝於渭河南岸，又蹙之於漢南，賊遁平利。張天倫糾合五路屯洵陽高塘嶺、劉家河，令楊遇春擊走之。五月，穆克登布擒伍懷志於秦嶺。七月，遇春擒冉天泗、王士虎於通江報曉埡，徐天德、冉學勝並為他師所殲；而姚之富子馨佐及白號高見奇、辛斗等方擾寧羌，督諸將進剿，逼入川北。九月，總兵楊芳等擒辛鬥於通江。十月，豐伸、桑吉斯塔爾擒高見奇於達州。於是賊首李元受、老教首閻天明等各率眾降，賊勢窮蹙。條上搜捕事宜，詔嘉獎，晉封三等伯。十一月，苟文明合各路殘匪竄階州，裹脅复眾，回竄廣元、通江。十二月，敗之於瓦山溪，文明竄開縣大寧。七年正月，斬黃號辛聰於南江，文明由西鄉偷渡漢江。額勒登保自請罪，降一等男，詔以川匪責德楞泰、勒保等，額勒登保兼西安將軍，仍專辦陝賊。二月，文明竄入南山，與宋應伏、劉永受合，督師入山搜剿。六月，殲其眾於龔家灣，文明僅以身免，劉永受潛遁，為鄉民所殲。七月，殲文明於寧陝花石岩，晉一等伯。疏陳軍事將竣，請撤東三省及直隸、兩廣兵，遠地鄉勇分別遣留。遂窮搜南山餘匪，八月，擒苟文齊，斃張芳。赴平利與德楞泰會剿楚匪，五戰，擒斬過半。十月，斃青號熊方青於達州，盡殲竹溪股匪。十一月，令穆克登布追賊通江鐵鐙台，擒景英、蒲添香、賴大祥，及湖北老教首崔連樂，晉三等侯。著名匪首率就殲，零匪散竄老林。十二月，疏告蕆功，詔嘉額勒登保：「運籌決策，悉中機宜，躬親行陣，與士卒同甘苦，厥功最偉。」晉封一等侯，世襲罔替，授御前大臣，加太子太保，賜用紫韁。餘論封行賞有差。

In spring of year 6 he won approval to establish Ningshan garrison as a southern-hill barrier. In month 2 Yang Yuchun took Tingzhao at Anzigo and Tiansheng and Xueli at Longdongxi—the fiercest chiefs. He was made second-class viscount and regained double peacock feathers. Notable bands still active included Xuesheng and Huaizhi in Shaanxi, Tiande and Wenming in Hubei, and Renjie, Tiansi, and Shihu in Sichuan—more than ten groups. In month 4 he beat Xuesheng south of the Wei and drove him toward Pingli. Tianlun massed five bands at Xunyang; Yang Yuchun drove them off. In month 5 Mukedengbu took Wu Huaizhi on the Qinling. In month 7 Yuchun took Tiansi and Shihu at Baoxiaoya in Tongjiang; Tiande and Xuesheng fell to other commands; Gao Jianqi, Xin Dou, and Yao Zhifu's son Xinzuo still raided Ningqiang until driven into northern Sichuan. In month 9 Yang Fang took Xin Dou at Tongjiang. In month 10 Feng Shen and Sangjisitaer took Gao Jianqi at Dazhou. Chiefs including Li Yuanshou and Yan Tianming surrendered; the rebellion was cornered. His mop-up plan was praised and he was made third-class earl. In month 11 Gou Wenming rallied remnants at Jiezhou, grew again, and doubled back through Guangyuan and Tongjiang. In month 12 he beat them at Washanxi; Wenming fled toward Daning. In month 1 of year 7 he killed Xin Cong at Nanjiang; Wenming crossed the Han at Xixiang. He asked punishment and was cut to second-class baron; Sichuan went to Delengtai and Le Bao while he kept Shaanxi as Xi'an general. In month 2 Wenming entered the southern hills with Song Yingfu and Liu Yongshou; Eledengbao searched the mountains. In month 6 their host was destroyed at Gongjiawan; Wenming escaped and Yongshou was killed by villagers. In month 7 Wenming fell at Ningshan's Huashiyan and Eledengbao became first-class earl. He urged withdrawing troops from the northeast, Zhili, and the south, and disbanding or keeping distant militia as fit. In month 8 he took Gou Wenqi and killed Zhang Fang in the southern hills. At Pingli he joined Delengtai; five fights killed or captured more than half. In month 10 he killed Xiong Fangqing at Dazhou and wiped out the Zhuxi band. In month 11 Mukedengbu took Jing Ying, Pu Tianxiang, Lai Daxiang, and Cui Lianle at Tongjiang; Eledengbao became third-class marquis. Major chiefs were gone; stragglers hid in the great forest. In month 12 he reported completion; the throne praised his strategy and sharing soldiers' hardships above all. He became perpetual first-class marquis, imperial attendant minister, Grand Guardian, with purple bridle privilege. Others were enfeoffed and rewarded in due measure.

八年春，留陝搜捕，擒姚馨佐、陳文海、宋應伏等於紫陽。穆克登布遇伏戰歿。六月，移師入川，擒熊老八、趙金友於大寧，熊老八即戕穆克登布者。疏陳善後事宜：「各省酌留本省兵勇：四川一萬二千，湖北一萬，陝西一萬五千，分佈要地。隨徵鄉勇有業歸籍，無業補兵，分駐大員統率。」七月，馳奏肅清，命暫留四川經理善後。編閱陝、楚營卡事竣，振旅還京。十二月，至，行抱見禮於養心殿，獎賚有加，命謁裕陵。

In spring of year 8 he stayed in Shaanxi and took Yao Xinzuo, Chen Wenhai, and Song Yingfu at Ziyang. Mukedengbu was ambushed and killed. In month 6 he entered Sichuan and at Daning took Xiong Laoba—Mukedengbu's killer—and Zhao Jinyou. He proposed garrisons of twelve thousand in Sichuan, ten thousand in Hubei, and fifteen thousand in Shaanxi. Militia with trades went home; the rest became soldiers under senior commanders. In month 7 he reported Sichuan clear and was told to stay for pacification. After reviewing Shaanxi and Hubei posts he marched home in triumph. In month 12 he reached Beijing, was embraced in audience at the Hall of Mental Cultivation, richly rewarded, and sent to Yuling.

九年春，因前遭母憂不獲守制，補持服。尋命赴四川偕德楞泰殲餘孽。十年，回京，總理行營，充方略館總裁。八月，上幸盛京，額勒登保以病不克從，謁陵禮成，特詔加恩晉三等公爵。是月，卒於京師，年五十八。上聞震悼，回鑾親奠，御製述悲詩一章。於地安門外建專祠，曰褒忠，諡忠毅，命吉林將軍修其祖墓立碑焉。

In spring of year 9 he completed mourning he had earlier been unable to observe for his mother. He was soon sent to Sichuan with Delengtai against remnants. In year 10 he returned, directed the field headquarters, and headed the Strategic Narrative Office. In month 8 the Emperor went to Mukden; too ill to follow, Eledengbao was advanced to third-class duke when the rites ended. That month he died in Beijing at fifty-eight. The Emperor grieved, returned from Mukden to mourn in person, and wrote a lament. A Baozhong shrine was built outside Di'an Gate; his posthumous name was Zhongyi; Jilin was ordered to repair his ancestral tomb.

額勒登保初隸海蘭察部下，海蘭察謂曰：「子將才，宜略知古兵法。」以清文三國演義授之，由是曉暢戰事。天性嚴毅，諸將白事，莫敢仰視。然有功必拊循，戰勝親餉酒肉，賞巨萬不吝，人樂為用。嘗謂諸將曰：「兵條條生路，惟捨命進戰是一死路；賊條條死路，惟捨命進戰是一生路。惟有出其不意、攻其不備之一法。追賊必窮所向，不使休息。師行整伍，倉卒遇賊，即擊。每宿，四路偵探；臨敵，矢石從眉耳過，勿動。」於同列不忌功，亦不伐己功，尤嚴操守。凱旋過盧溝橋，他將輜重累累，獨行李蕭然，數騎而已。歿時，子謨爾賡額生甫數月，帝臨奠，抱置膝上，命襲侯爵，尋殤，以侄哈郎阿嗣，承襲一等威勇侯，自有傳。

Under Hailancha he was told he had a general's talent and should learn ancient military methods. Hailancha gave him the Manchu Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and he mastered campaigning. He was stern; officers reporting dared not meet his eye. Yet he rewarded merit generously, feasted men after victory, and paid huge bonuses without stint. He told his generals: "For troops every path is life except staking all on attack—that is death; for bandits every path is death except staking all on attack—that is life. Strike only where they do not expect. Never let pursued rebels rest. Keep order on the march; hit bandits the moment you meet them. Scout four ways every night; in battle let arrows pass your brow and do not flinch." He neither envied peers nor boasted, and was scrupulously honest. At Lugou Bridge other generals trailed wagonloads; he had only a few horses. His infant son Mo'ergeng was set on the Emperor's knee to inherit, soon died, and nephew Halanga succeeded as Marquis Weiyong.

額勒登保不識漢文，軍中章奏文牘，悉倚胡時顯。

Illiterate in Chinese, Eledengbao relied on Hu Shixian for all papers.

時顯，字行偕，江蘇武進人。少困科舉。乾隆中，侍郎劉秉恬治金川糧餉，從司文牘獨勤。薦授兵部主事，充軍機章京，累遷郎中。和珅用事，數與抗，出為廣東雷州知府，以親老乞留。尋從福康安徵苗有功，賜花翎。洎額勒登保剿教匪，從贊軍務，剛直無所徇，額勒登保能容之。每日跨馬與諸將偕，或有逗留，輒叱之。遇賊務當其衝，諸將無敢卻者。回營後，凡戰地曲折夷險，糧運斷續，器仗敝壞，兵卒勞飢，及賊出沒情狀，諸將功過，一一言之。軍中敬畏時顯與經略等。陳奏戰事必以實，上嘉經略，並嘉時顯。貓兒埡之戰，及擒王登廷，章奏不欺，特賜三品卿銜。在軍凡五年，累擢內閣侍讀學士、鴻臚寺卿。以勞卒於興安軍次，贈光祿寺卿，賜祭葬。

Hu Shixian, courtesy name Xingjie, was from Wujin in Jiangsu. Youth brought frustration in the examinations. Under Liu Bingtian's Jinchuan supply office he alone handled documents diligently. He became war secretary, Grand Council secretary, and rose to director. He defied Heshen, was posted to Leizhou, then stayed for an aged parent. He followed Fuk'ang'an against the Miao and received peacock feathers. He joined Eledengbao's sect-rebel campaign; upright and fearless, he was tolerated. Daily he rode with the generals and rebuked laggards. He always took the brunt; no general dared hang back. After battle he reported terrain, supply, weapons, hunger, rebel moves, and every general's merit or fault. The army feared him almost as much as Eledengbao. His truthful memorials won praise alongside Eledengbao's. For Mao'erya and Dengting's capture his honest reports won third-rank grand secretary rank. In five years in the field he rose to Hanlin reader and minister of imperial banquets. He died exhausted at Xing'an and was posthumously honored with sacrificial rites.

德楞泰，字惇堂，伍彌特氏，正黃旗蒙古人。乾隆中，以前鋒、藍翎長從征金川、石峰堡、台灣，皆有功，累遷參領，賜號繼勇巴圖魯。五十七年，從福康安徵廓爾喀，冒雨涉險，攻克熱索橋賊寨。加副都統銜，圖形紫光閣。尋授副都統，遷護軍統領。

Delengtai, courtesy name Dundang, was an Uyimat Mongol of the Plain Yellow Banner. Under Qianlong he campaigned in Jinchuan, Shifengbao, and Taiwan, rose to assistant commander, and received Jiyong Batulu. In year 57 he stormed Resuo Bridge in the Gurkha campaign through rain and danger. He received deputy banner commander rank and a place in the Hall of Purple Glories. He became deputy banner commander, then guard commandant.

六十年，率巴圖魯侍衛從福康安徵湖南苗，與額勒登保並為軍鋒。福康安既解松桃、永綏圍，高宗悅，將待以不次之賞，於是德楞泰建議深入苗地為犁庭埽穴計。苗酋吳半生踞大烏草河以抗，大兵連克沿河諸寨，渡河抵盛華哨。苗於山半立木城，堅甚，斷其汲路，火攻克之，又克古丈坪，進攻摩手寨，由間道出寨後，奪據石城，遂偕額勒登保擒半生，授內大臣。進攻鴨保寨，克木城、石卡三十餘，又克天星寨木城七，石卡五，擒賊目吳八月。

In year 60 he led Baturu guards with Fuk'ang'an against the Hunan Miao beside Eledengbao as vanguard. After Songtao and Yongshun were relieved, Delengtai proposed rooting out the Miao deep in their country. Wu Bansheng held the Dawucao River; the army took stockades along it, crossed, and reached Shenghuashao. They burned a strong hillside wooden fort, took Guzhangping and Mosho by a rear path, and with Eledengbao captured Bansheng. He took Yabao and Tianxing stockades, thirty wooden forts, and Wu Babu.

嘉慶元年，福康安、和琳相繼卒於軍，先克乾州，又從將軍明亮克平隴，擢御前侍衛，署領侍衛內大臣。克險隘養牛塘山梁，賊首石柳鄧就殲，苗疆略定，錫封二等子爵，賜雙眼花翎。二年，命偕明亮移軍四川剿教匪。時賊首徐天德、王三槐踞重石子、香爐坪，南曰分水嶺，北曰火石嶺，賊卡林立，進戰，奪嶺，三槐撲營受創逸。五月，破重石子，明亮亦破香爐坪，追殲教首孫士鳳。會襄陽賊齊王氏、姚之富、樊人傑等竄入四川，與徐、王二匪合屯開縣南天洞，擊破之，賊分走雲陽、萬縣。雲陽教首高名貴欲與天德合，以計擒之，盡殲其眾於陳家山。七月，齊王氏等由奉節、巫山東走湖北，與明亮繞出宜昌迎剿，賊南趨，留明亮屯宜昌；自赴荊州解遠安圍。八月，賊犯荊門、宜城，往援之，會總督景安以索倫勁騎至，合剿大捷，二城得全。賊欲北竄河南，扼要隘，斬賊目袁萬相等，截回湖北，賜紫韁。九月，殲賊於房縣、竹谿、竹山，賊走陝西平利，圖入川東，敗之樹河口。賊北走紫陽，又合白號高均德，西走漢中。十一月，賊窺渡漢江，令副都統烏爾圖納遜突擊於江濱，竄入川境。

In Jiaqing 1 Fuk'ang'an and Helin died; he recovered Qianzhou, took Pinglong with Mingliang, and became acting chief bodyguard commandant. He took Yangniutang, destroyed Shi Liudeng, pacified the Miao frontier, and became second-class viscount with double peacock feathers. In year 2 he and Mingliang were sent to Sichuan against sect rebels. Tiande and Sanhuai held Zhongshizi and Xiangluping between Fenshuiling and Huoshiling; Sanhuai was wounded storming the camp. In month 5 Zhongshizi and Xiangluping fell and Sun Shifeng was destroyed. Qi Wangshi, Yao Zhifu, and Fan Renjie joined Xu and Wang at Kaixian's Nantian Cave; he broke them and they split toward Yunyang. Gao Minggui of Yunyang was lured in and destroyed at Chenjiashan. In month 7 the chiefs went east through Fengjie; he and Mingliang intercepted from Yichang, left Mingliang there, and he relieved Yuan'an at Jingzhou. In month 8 he saved Jingmen and Yicheng with Jing An's Solon cavalry. He blocked their path to Henan, killed Yuan Wanxiang, turned them back into Hubei, and received purple bridle privilege. In month 9 he cleared Fangxian, Zhuxi, and Zhushan; survivors were beaten at Shuhekou. They went to Ziyang, joined Gao Junde, and moved west to Hanzhong. In month 11 Wurtunai struck them at the Han and drove them into Sichuan.

三年正月，均德复擾陝西褒城，與明亮夾擊，連敗之於洋縣、城固、洵陽。齊王氏、姚之富方竄廣元寧羌山中，乘虛由石泉渡漢，與均德合，東走漢陰。詔斥明亮戰不力，褫其職；嘉德楞泰每戰在前，責速剿。三月，與明亮追齊、姚二匪，由山陽至鄖西，日行百七十里，連破之於石河、甘溝，鄉勇遏其前，賊無去路，踞三岔河左右，兩山盡銳，圍攻悉殲之。齊王氏、姚之富投崖死，傳首三省。均德由鎮安竄雒南，敗之兩岔河，餘賊與李全、張天倫合。五月，又敗之五郎廟，均德走寧羌、廣元，合龍紹週、冉文儔踞渠縣大神山，有眾二萬。詔斥縱賊，奪爵職，留副都統銜。七月，偕惠齡、恆瑞攻克大神山，賊竄營山，蹙之黃渡河。均德中槍，逸入箕山坪，與羅其清合。箕山圍徑百餘裡，三面陡絕，惟東南有路可通。徐天德、王登廷、樊人傑踞鳳凰寺，阻糧道，與為犄角。八月，克鳳凰寺，賊奔箕山，負固不下。十月，分三路進攻，克之。其清退踞大鵬寨，額勒登保自閬中來會剿。十一月，賊被攻急，乘夜雨撲營。德楞泰偵知之，潛伏賊寨南門，梯而登，火其寨；額勒登保等亦襲破西門，殲其清父從國；合兵窮追，擒其清於巴州方山坪，复花翎。冉文儔竄踞東鄉麻壩，乘除夕大破之於通江。

In month 1 of year 3 he and Mingliang beat Junde at Yangxian, Chenggu, and Xunyang. Qi Wangshi and Yao Zhifu crossed at Shiquan, joined Junde, and went to Hanyin. Mingliang was stripped for weak fighting; Delengtai was praised for leading every fight and ordered to hurry. In month 3 he pursued Qi and Yao a hundred and seventy li a day to Sancha River and destroyed them. Qi Wangshi and Yao Zhifu died on the cliffs; their heads were sent through three provinces. Junde fled to Luonan, was beaten at Liangcha River, and remnants joined Li Quan and Tianlun. In month 5 he lost at Wulangmiao; Junde joined Long Shaozhou and Ran Wencong on Dashen Mountain with twenty thousand men. He was stripped for letting rebels escape but kept deputy banner commander rank. In month 7 he took Dashen Mountain; the rebels fled to Yingshan and Huangdu River. Junde was wounded, fled to Jishanping, and joined Luo Qiqing. Jishan was a hundred-li trap with only a southeast exit. Tiande, Dengting, and Renjie held Fenghuang Temple and blocked supplies. In month 8 Fenghuang Temple fell; the rebels held stubbornly on Jishan. In month 10 a three-route assault took Jishan. Qiqing retreated to Dapeng; Eledengbao came from Langzhong. In month 11, pressed hard, they night-attacked in rain. Delengtai ambushed the south gate, scaled in, and burned the stockade; Eledengbao stormed the west gate and killed Qiqing's father Congguo; together they took Qiqing at Fangshanping and Delengtai regained his feathers. Ran Wencong at Dongxiang's Maba was crushed at Tongjiang on New Year's Eve.

四年元旦，生擒文儔，盡殲其眾，予一等輕車都尉。經略勒保疏陳諸將惟額勒登保、德楞泰尤知兵，得士心，詔德楞泰專剿徐天德。天德與冷天祿竄涪州，冒難民入鶴田寨，擊走之，又敗之於開縣。三月，天德自大寧北趨，追及於太平；又遇龍紹週、唐大信等，迭擊之，賊不得犯陝境。既而天德入大寧老林，與紹週、大信及樊人傑、龔建、卜三聘、張天倫、辛聰等合，牽綴大軍。天德、建竄太平山箐，令賽衝阿分兵擊之；自擊人傑、紹週、大信、天倫於安康、紫陽，連破之，驅入川東，遂犯湖北。七月，線號龔文玉亦自夔州至，分兵追剿，擒文玉、三聘於竹谿，加予騎都尉世職。八月，命額勒登保為經略，德楞泰為參贊，赴興山截擊天德，逼回川東；躡追天倫及聰等入陝。十月，高均德改名郝以智，率賊萬，踞高家營，欲由白河窺渡漢。紹週及冉天元竄放馬場，欲趨紫陽。率賽衝阿、溫春回援，先破放馬場，進攻高家營，擒均德，檻送京師，晉封二等男爵。十一月，進兵川北，殲白號張金魁於通江，擒其黨符曰明等於廣元。十二月，追鮮大川、苟文明至川東，賊瞷大兵俱在川境，遂先後竄陝、甘。

On New Year's Day of year 4 Wencong was taken alive and his band destroyed; Delengtai became first-class commandant of light chariots. Le Bao named Eledengbao and Delengtai as the ablest generals; Delengtai was ordered to hunt Xu Tiande. Tiande and Tianlu entered Hetian stockade as refugees, were driven off, and beaten again at Kaixian. In month 3 Tiande left Daning northward; pursuit caught him at Taiping; he beat Long Shaozhou and Tang Daxin and kept them out of Shaanxi. Tiande entered Daning's great forest, joined Shaozhou, Daxin, Renjie, and others, and tied down the armies. Tiande and Jian fled to Taipingshan; Saichong'a was sent against them; he beat Renjie, Shaozhou, Daxin, and Tianlun in Ankang and Ziyang and drove them east into Hubei. In month 7 Gong Wenyu came from Kuizhou; Wenyu and Sanpin were taken at Zhuxi; he received hereditary cavalry commandant rank. In month 8 Eledengbao became supreme commander and Delengtai deputy; they drove Tiande back from Xingshan; and pursued Tianlun and Cong into Shaanxi. In month 10 Gao Junde renamed himself Hao Yizhi, held Gaojia camp with ten thousand men, and aimed to cross the Han at Baihe. Shaozhou and Tianyuan lurked at Fangmachang toward Ziyang. With Saichong'a and Wenchun he took Fangmachang and Gaojia camp, captured Junde, and was made second-class baron. In month 11 he destroyed Zhang Jinkui at Tongjiang and took Fu Yueming at Guangyuan. In month 12 he pursued Dachuan and Wenming east; seeing armies in Sichuan, they slipped into Shaanxi and Gansu.

五年正月，偕額勒登保分路抵秦州，而冉天元糾合徐萬富、汪瀛、陳得俸、張子聰、雷世旺眾五萬，遽乘間渡嘉陵江，分擾南部、西充、魁倫不能制，詔促德楞泰回援。二月，天元踞江油新店子，乃由間道進剿。賊分四路迎戰，銳甚，賽衝阿、溫春深入被圍；自馳援，夾擊竟日，殺傷相當，擒得俸，斬冉天恆，皆悍賊也。轉戰連奪險隘。三月，天元屯馬蹄岡，伏萬人火石埡後。德楞泰令賽衝阿攻包家溝，阿哈保攻火石埡，溫春攻龍子觀，自率大隊趨馬蹄岡，過賊伏數重始覺。俄伏起，八路來攻，人持束竹、濕絮禦箭銃，鏖斗三晝夜，賊更番迭進，數路皆挫敗。德楞泰率親兵數十，下馬據山巔，誓必死。天元督眾登山，直取德楞泰，德楞泰單騎衝賊中堅，將士隨之，大呼奮擊，天元馬中矢蹶，擒之，賊遂瓦解。鄉勇亦自山後至，逐北二十餘裡，擒斬無算。天元雄黠冠川賊，專用伏以陷官軍，至是五日四戰，致死決勝負，血戰破之，群賊奪氣，詔晉三等子。是月，復大破賊於劍州，又破張子聰、雷世旺於蓬溪，斬世旺，晉二等子，授成都將軍。

In month 1 of year 5 he reached Qinzhou with Eledengbao while Tianyuan crossed the Jialing with fifty thousand; Kuilun failed and Delengtai was recalled. In month 2 Tianyuan held Xindianzi in Jiangyou; Delengtai advanced by a hidden route. Four rebel columns fought fiercely; Saichong'a and Wenchun were surrounded; He rescued them in a day-long fight, took Defu, and killed Ran Tianheng. He then took pass after pass. In month 3 Tianyuan held Matigang with ten thousand ambushers at Huoshi'ya. He sent Saichong'a, Ahabao, and Wenchun on three axes and led the main body toward Matigang through hidden ambushes. Ambushers rose on eight routes with bamboo and wet cotton against shot; three days and nights of fighting repulsed several columns. Delengtai with dozens of guards held the summit and swore to die there. Tianyuan charged the summit; Delengtai rode into the rebel center, Tianyuan's horse fell, he was captured, and the rebels collapsed. Militia struck from the rear; twenty li of pursuit killed countless rebels. Tianyuan, Sichuan's craftiest ambusher, was broken in four fights in five days; Delengtai became third-class viscount. That month he won at Jianzhou and Pengxi, killed Shiwang, became second-class viscount and Chengdu general.

魁倫以失守潼河逮問，起勒保代為總督，與德楞泰合兵勦賊。四月，賊分擾遂寧、安岳，逼中江，欲趨成都。與勒保夾擊，連破之，邀擊於嘉陵江口，俘斬溺斃者數千；餘賊渡江，為達州鄉勇所敗，擒汪瀛：潼河兩岸肅清。自此德楞泰威震川中，諸將往往假其旗幟，賊望見輒走。閏四月，追賊至達州、新寧，殲劉君聘、苟文富；而白號苟文明、鮮大川、樊人傑等復由陝入川。五月，移師川北，賊走營山、渠縣，六月，敗之恩陽河；又與勒保合擊，殲苟文禮於岳池。七月，大川為民寨誘斬，文明遁。八月，追剿白號賊於東鄉，殲湯思舉，餘賊與趙麻花、王珊合。九月，與勒保夾擊於雲陽，麻花、珊先後斃。十月，湖北黃、白、藍、線四號賊合犯夔、巫。龍紹週由太平、通江北竄，兵至賊去，兵去賊至；樊人傑、冉學勝、王士虎遂由川入陝；徐天德由陝入楚。詔斥德楞泰堵剿不力，降一等男。十二月，李彬、楊開第、齊國謨合窺嘉陵江。與勒保合擊，連敗之於渠縣安仁溪、儀隴觀音河，斃開第、國謨，晉三等子。

Kuilun was arrested; Le Bao replaced him and joined Delengtai. In month 4 rebels raided toward Chengdu through Suining and Zhongjiang. With Le Bao he beat them repeatedly and killed thousands at the Jialing mouth; Survivors were beaten by Dazhou militia and Wang Ying was taken; the Tong was cleared. Delengtai's name alone now made rebels flee in Sichuan. In intercalary month 4 he destroyed Liu Junpin and Gou Wenfu at Dazhou; Wenming, Dachuan, and Renjie re-entered from Shaanxi. In month 5 he moved north; in month 6 he beat them at Enyang River; with Le Bao he destroyed Gou Wenli at Yuechi. In month 7 Dachuan was killed by a stockade trap; Wenming escaped. In month 8 he destroyed Tang Siju at Dongxiang; survivors joined Mahua and Shan. In month 9 he and Le Bao killed Mahua and Shan at Yunyang. In month 10 four Hubei bands attacked Kuizhou and Wu. Shaozhou eluded pursuit between Taiping and Tongjiang; Renjie, Xuesheng, and Shihu entered Shaanxi; Tiande entered Hubei from Shaanxi. He was rebuked for weak blocking and cut to second-class baron. In month 12 Li Bin, Kaidi, and Guomo probed the Jialing. With Le Bao he killed Kaidi and Guomo and became third-class viscount.

六年正月，白號高天升自洵陽偷渡漢江，圖竄河南，追及於山陽乾溝，破之，追殲之於野豬坪，復一等子。二月，擊龍紹週於興安，逼入川境，連敗之於大寧長壩、二郎壩。紹週竄湖北竹山、房縣，复敗之，走太平，复雙眼花翎。四月，徐天德、樊人傑合曾芝秀、陳朝觀竄陝西白河，分擾民寨。遣兵直攻其巢，擒朝觀。五月，大破賊於西鄉，天德竄紫陽。率賽衝阿、溫春蹙之仁和新灘。大雨水漲，天德溺斃。紹週乘虛闌入房縣、竹谿，截擊之，復回太平，擒其黨陳文明。八月，追至巫山、巴東，擒王鵬、李天棟。九月，紹週遁平利，令賽衝阿等追殲之，晉封二等繼勇伯，仍用巴圖魯舊號也。十二月，苟文明西擾寧羌，與額勒登保夾擊。賊竄川北，大敗之於通江，走開縣，遣兵追之。自率輕騎赴大寧，斷其入楚之路。

In month 1 of year 6 Gao Tiansheng crossed the Han toward Henan; he was destroyed at Yezhuping and Delengtai regained first-class viscount. In month 2 he drove Shaozhou from Xing'an into Daning and beat him twice. Shaozhou fled to Hubei, was beaten again at Taiping, and regained his feathers. In month 4 Tiande and Renjie with Zhixiu and Chaoguan raided Baihe stockades. He stormed their lair and took Chaoguan. In month 5 he crushed them at Xixiang; Tiande fled to Ziyang. Saichong'a and Wenchun pressed him at Renhe and Xintan. Floods drowned Tiande. Shaozhou slipped into Fangxian; Delengtai intercepted and took Chen Wenming. In month 8 he took Wang Peng and Li Tiandong at Wushan and Badong. In month 9 Shaozhou was destroyed at Pingli; Delengtai became Earl Jiyong. In month 12 Wenming raided Ningqiang; he and Eledengbao struck together. He beat them at Tongjiang; they fled to Kaixian. He raced to Daning to block their path into Hubei.

七年正月，文明復入陝北，竄老林，至秋，乃為陝軍所殲。川東零匪猶四擾，詔德楞泰仍專辦川賊。二月，破線號餘匪於奉節，又破白號張長青於雲陽。時樊人傑及崔宗和、胡明遠、戴仕傑、蒲天寶等麕聚湖北境。四月，率精兵間道抵東湖，繞出賊前，夾攻雞公山賊巢。天寶別屯當陽河，五月，冒雨進擊，天寶負創走，又敗之於穆家溝，分兵留剿；自移師東趨，直取人傑，冒雨入馬鹿坪山中，出賊不意，痛殲之。人傑竄竹山，投水死。人傑倡亂最久，諸賊聽指揮，與冉天元埒，至是伏誅，晉三等侯。七月，天寶乘間奪踞興山、房縣交界鮑家山，死守抗拒。以大軍綴其前，令總兵色爾袞、蒲尚佐率精兵出深箐攻賊巢，截其去路，擒斬殆盡。天寶遁，至竹谿墜崖死。

In month 1 of year 7 Wenming hid in the great forest until autumn when Shaanxi troops destroyed him. Eastern Sichuan still had scattered bands; Delengtai kept Sichuan command. In month 2 he broke Red remnants at Fengjie and Zhang Changqing at Yunyang. Renjie, Zonghe, Mingyuan, Shijie, and Tianbao massed on the Hubei border. In month 4 he outflanked the Jigong Mountain lair from Donghu. In month 5 he wounded Tianbao at Dangyang River and beat him at Mujiagou; he then surprised Renjie in Maping Mountain in the rain. Renjie drowned himself at Zhushan. Renjie, longest-led of the chiefs, was dead; Delengtai became third-class marquis. In month 7 Tianbao held Baojiashan stubbornly. Se'ergun and Pu Shangzuo stormed the rear while the main force pinned the front. Tianbao fell to his death on a Zhuxi cliff.

時巴東、興山尚有餘匪，皆百戰之餘，悉官軍號令及老林路迳，屢合圍，輒乘霧溜崖突竄。分軍遇之則不利，大隊趨之則兔脫，所餘無幾，而三省不能解嚴。與額勒登保、吳熊光會於竹谿議搜剿，額勒登保專任陝境，德楞泰專任楚境，先後殲戴仕傑、趙鑑、崔連洛、崔宗和、陳仕學、熊翠諸賊，迨十一月，捕斬略盡，優詔，晉封一等侯，加太子太保，命其子蘇衝阿★K7珍賚至軍宣慰。八年，駐巫山、大寧，捕逸匪曾芝秀、冉璠、張士虎、趙聰等，先後擒殲。至冬事竣，入覲熱河行在，帝大悅，御製詩賜之，恩賚優渥。尋以陝西南山餘孽擾及川境，命回鎮成都。遣將招降，數為賊害，坐降二等侯。九年，偕額勒登保窮搜老林，斬首逆苟文潤，餘匪悉平，復一等侯。十年，召授領侍衛內大臣，充方略館總裁，總理行營事務，管理兵部。

Badong and Xingshan remnants knew every forest path and broke encirclements in fog. Small parties lost; large columns found them gone—few remained, yet three provinces stayed mobilized. At Zhuxi with Eledengbao he divided Shaanxi and Hubei; by month 11 the hunt was nearly done; he became first-class marquis and Suchong'a brought imperial gifts to the army. In year 8 at Wushan and Daning he took Zhixiu, Fan, Shihu, and Cong. He attended at Rehe; the Emperor composed a poem and gave lavish rewards. Shaanxi remnants troubled Sichuan; he returned to Chengdu. Surrender envoys were killed; he was cut to second-class marquis. In year 9 he and Eledengbao cleared the great forest, killed Gou Wenrun, and regained first-class marquis. In year 10 he became chief bodyguard commandant, headed the Strategic Narrative Office, and directed War.

十一年，寧陝鎮新兵陳達順、陳先倫等作亂，命馳往剿治。叛將蒲大芳等乞降，縛獻達順等，磔之。大芳等遣戍回疆。議以降眾歸伍，詔斥寬縱，奪職。尋授西安將軍。十三年，剿定瓦石坪叛匪。十四年，晉三等公。尋卒，柩至京師，帝親奠，御製詩輓之，諡壯果。詔四川建立專祠，入祀京師昭忠祠。

In year 11 Ningshan new troops mutinied; he was sent to suppress them. Pu Dafang bound Dashun and others; they were dismembered. Dafang and others were sent to Xinjiang. A proposal to re-enlist mutineers brought rebuke and dismissal. He soon became Xi'an general. In year 13 he pacified Waishiping rebels. In year 14 he became third-class duke. He died; the Emperor mourned in person and gave the posthumous name Zhuangguo. Sichuan built him a shrine and he entered the capital Shrine of Manifest Loyalty.

德楞泰英勇超倫，戰必身先陷陣，名與額勒登保相亞。馬蹄岡之戰，轉敗為勝，時稱奇績。既卒，奉詔褒卹，特舉是役保障川西數十萬生靈，厥功最偉。在軍俘獲，必詳訊省釋，未嘗妄殺良民婦女，保全甚眾，蜀民尤感頌焉。

Delengtai was extraordinarily brave, always first in the charge, second only to Eledengbao. Matigang, where he turned defeat into victory, was called a marvel. After his death the court praised Matigang for saving hundreds of thousands in western Sichuan. He questioned captives carefully, spared civilians and women, and won deep praise in Shu.

子蘇衝阿，一品廕生，授侍衛。每德楞泰戰勝，輒擢其官，累遷至盛京副都統，署黑龍江將軍，襲一等侯。孫倭什訥，杭州將軍；曾孫希元，吉林將軍：並嗣爵。次孫花沙納，官至吏部尚書，自有傳。

His son Suchong'a, yin student of first rank, became a bodyguard. Each victory raised Suchong'a until he inherited the marquisate as Heilongjiang general. Grandson Woshine became Hangzhou general; great-grandson Xiyuan Jilin general—all inherited the title. Second grandson Huashana became minister of personnel and has his own biography.

論曰：仁宗親政，以三省久未定，卜於宮中，繇曰：「三人同心，乃奏膚功。」後事平，敘勞：額勒登保第一，德楞泰次之，勒保又次之。論戰績，勒保未足與二人比，然當德楞泰偕明亮由楚入陝，見民苦虜掠，陳堅壁清野策，廷議以築堡重勞，未之許也；勒保至四川，始力行之，推之三省，賊竟由是破滅。三人者相得益彰，未容有所優劣：勒保寬能容眾，額勒登保忠廉忘私，德楞泰仁及俘虜，識量並有過人。為國方、召，延世侯封，豈偶然哉！

The historians note: Early in Renzong's personal rule, with the three provinces still unsettled, he divined in the palace and received the line, "Three hearts in one—then the work is done." When peace came, merit was ranked: Eledengbao first, Delengtai second, Le Bao third. In pure fighting, Le Bao ranks below the other two; yet when Delengtai entered Shaanxi from Hubei he proposed stockades and cleared countryside, and the court refused as too burdensome; Le Bao enforced it in Sichuan, spread it through three provinces, and the rebels were broken by it. The three complemented one another: Le Bao was magnanimous, Eledengbao loyal and selfless, Delengtai humane even to captives—each surpassed ordinary men. To rank with the Duke of Zhou and Duke of Shao and win hereditary noble rank—was that chance?

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