Volume 431 Biographies 218: Guo Songlin, Li Changle, Yang Dingxun, Tang Diankui, Tang Dingkui, Teng Siwu, Luo Guozhong

列傳二百十八

Biography 218

郭松林李長樂楊鼎勳唐殿魁唐定奎

Guo Songlin, Li Changle, Yang Dingxun, Tang Diankui, and Tang Dingkui

滕嗣武駱國忠

Teng Siwu and Luo Guozhong

郭松林，字子美，湖南湘潭人。咸豐六年，隸曾國荃軍，從援江西，克安福，從剿永新、太和、萬安、蓮花廳、龍泉，敘獎把總。進圍吉安府城，七年，石達開率悍黨來援，邀擊於吉水三曲灘，松林首陷陣，多斬獲，收復新喻、峽江、吉水。八年，隨克吉安，擢守備。九年，克景德、浮梁，賜花翎。十年，圍安慶，會剿陳玉成於小池驛，進壁集賢關，每戰皆捷。十一年，克安慶，擢游擊，賜號奮勇巴圖魯。克廬江、無為、運漕鎮，下沿江要隘，擢參將。

Guo Songlin, style name Zimei, was from Xiangtan in Hunan. In 1856 he joined Zeng Guoquan's forces, marched to relieve Jiangxi, took Anfu, and helped clear Yongxin, Taihe, Wan'an, Lianhua subprefecture, and Longquan, for which he was commended and given the rank of corporal. He pressed the siege of Ji'an. In 1857 Shi Dakai led a fierce rebel force to the relief; Songlin met them at Sanqu tan in Jishui, was first into the enemy ranks, won heavy kills and captures, and recovered Xinyu, Xiajiang, and Jishui. In 1858 he helped take Ji'an and was promoted to garrison commander. In 1859 he took Jingde and Fuliang and was awarded the peacock feather. In 1860 he joined the siege of Anqing, fought Chen Yucheng at Xiaochi post station, pushed forward to camp at Jixian Pass, and won every engagement. In 1861 Anqing fell; he was promoted to battalion commander and given the title Brave Baturu. He took Lujiang, Wuwei, and Yuncao town, seized the vital Yangtze strongpoints, and was promoted to brigade commander.

同治元年，李鴻章率淮軍八千赴上海，松林從，與偽忠王李秀成偽慕王譚紹光大戰滬西，破賊眾十萬。會攻太倉，砲擊城隳，士卒爭進，浮橋斷，賊乘之，死數百人，松林力禦，始得收軍。二年，克太倉，松林敗賊茜涇、支塘，會克崑山、新陽，以總兵用。李秀成合水陸數十萬援江陰，犯常熟，劉銘傳謀乘賊未定擊之。賊北自北漍，南至張涇橋，東自陳市，西至長壽，縱橫六七十里，築壘憑河，勢大熾。銘傳進北漍攻其左，松林進南漍攻其右，周盛波等進麥市橋為中路，黃翼升以水師助之。松林敗賊陳市，越南漍趨張涇，揮刀盪決，血染衣盡赤，賊大潰走。銘傳、盛波等同破賊，自顧山以西皆盡，以總兵記名。尋克江陰，以提督記名。又破賊緱山、梅村、麻塘橋，松林受矛傷，既而蘇州、無錫皆复，加頭品頂戴。

In 1862 Li Hongzhang led eight thousand Huai Army men to Shanghai, and Songlin went with him. West of the city he fought the rebel kings Li Xiucheng and Tan Shaoguang and routed a rebel host of one hundred thousand. In the assault on Taicang, artillery smashed the wall and the men surged in. The pontoon bridge gave way; the rebels pressed the opening and several hundred were killed before Songlin fought them off and pulled the force back. In 1863 Taicang fell. Songlin beat the rebels at Qianjing and Zhitang, helped take Kunshan and Xinyang, and was appointed acting major general. Li Xiucheng gathered several hundred thousand land and river forces to relieve Jiangyin and menaced Changshu. Liu Mingchuan proposed hitting them before they were fully in position. The rebels stretched from Beigang north to Zhangjing Bridge south and from Chen market east to Changshou west—sixty or seventy li in every direction—throwing up river-line forts until their position was formidable. Mingchuan pushed on Beigang against their left flank, Songlin on Nangang against their right, Zhou Shengbo and others up the center at Maishi Bridge, and Huang Yisheng's fleet supported from the water. Songlin routed the rebels at Chen market, crossed Nangang toward Zhangjing, and hacked his way through until his clothes were soaked red with blood; the enemy broke and fled in rout. Mingchuan, Shengbo, and the rest smashed the rebel line; west of Gushan the enemy was cleared away. Songlin was entered on the rolls for major general. Jiangyin fell soon after, and he was entered on the rolls for provincial military commander. He beat the rebels again at Goushan, Meicun, and Matang Bridge. Songlin took a spear wound; soon Suzhou and Wuxi were recovered, and he received the first-rank cap button.

三年，克宜興、荊溪，敗賊張渚，毀賊壘，收溧陽，解常熟圍，授福山鎮總兵。大破三河口賊營，賊爭道，六浮橋盡斷，屍塞河，水為不流。克常州，進剿浙西，克長興，复湖州，功皆最。賊走廣德、徽州，合江寧、杭州賊自江西竄閩。四年，李鴻章檄松林率五千人航海赴援，克漳州、漳浦、雲霄、詔安，賊竄廣東嘉應，遂破滅。

In 1864 he took Yixing and Jingxi, routed the rebels at Zhangzhu, destroyed their forts, recovered Liyang, raised the siege of Changshu, and was made major general of Fushan garrison. He shattered the rebel camps at Sanhekou. In the scramble for escape all six pontoon bridges collapsed; corpses choked the river until the water barely moved. Changzhou fell. He pushed into western Zhejiang, took Changxing, and recovered Huzhou—each time with the highest credit. The rebels fled toward Guangde and Huizhou; forces from Nanjing and Hangzhou, mingling with rebels from Jiangxi, broke into Fujian. In 1865 Li Hongzhang ordered Songlin to sail south with five thousand men. He took Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Yunxiao, and Zhao'an; the rebels fled to Jiaying in Guangdong and were wiped out.

五年，曾國荃調松林率新募湘軍剿捻匪於德安，克應城、雲夢，复敗之皁河、楊澤。追至臼口，中伏，松林傷足，臥地不能起。將卒不見松林，复闖入陣，負而出之。弟芳珍戰死。松林以創重假歸。六年，創愈，李鴻章令統萬人號武毅軍。時東捻任柱已斃，餘黨走壽光，松林要擊，破之杞城。賊沿海南走，阻瀰河，捻酋牛喜子麾白旗賊犯劉銘傳軍；賴文光麾藍旗賊犯松林軍。兩軍縱擊，賊大潰，壽光民圩皆出助殺，賊赴瀰河死，浮屍二萬餘，俘萬餘人，奪獲騾馬二萬匹。賊酋徐昌先、范汝增、任定皆伏誅。賴文光鳧水南奔，松林疾馳六百里，追至清江。文光死奔，至揚州瓦窯鋪，為吳毓蘭所擒。東捻平。

In 1866 Zeng Guoquan sent Songlin with fresh Hunan recruits to fight the Nian at De'an. He took Yingcheng and Yunmeng and beat them again at Zaohe and Yangze. In the pursuit to Jiukou they walked into an ambush. Songlin was shot in the foot and could not get up. When his men could not find him, they plunged back into the fight and carried him out. His younger brother Fangzhen was killed in the fighting. Songlin went home on leave to recover from his wounds. In 1867, once he had healed, Li Hongzhang put him in command of ten thousand men as the Wuyi Army. The eastern Nian chief Ren Zhu was already dead; the survivors fled to Shouguang. Songlin cut them off and crushed them at Qicheng. The rebels fled down the coast and were stopped at the Mi River. The Nian chief Niu Xizi led the White Banner force against Liu Mingchuan; Lai Wenguang led the Blue Banner force against Songlin. Both sides let loose the pursuit and the rebels collapsed. Villagers around Shouguang turned out to help slaughter them. Thousands drowned in the Mi River; more than twenty thousand bodies floated on the water, more than ten thousand were taken alive, and twenty thousand pack animals were captured. The rebel chiefs Xu Changxian, Fan Ruzeng, and Ren Ding were all put to death. Lai Wenguang fled south across the rivers. Songlin raced six hundred li in pursuit as far as Qingjiang. Wenguang fled headlong to Wayao post station near Yangzhou, where Wu Yulan seized him. The eastern Nian rebellion was ended.

七年春，西捻犯畿輔，松林敗之安平，再破之茌平。自臨邑築長圍至馬頰河，松林偕潘鼎新、王心安守之，敗賊於海豐，追至德州，歷十六晝夜，斬捕過半。六月，松林會潘鼎新大破之沙河，俘斬四千。捻走黃、運、徒駭河間，松林與銘傳縱橫要擊，張總愚赴水死。西捻平，賜黃馬褂，予輕車都尉世職。授湖北提督，調直隸。光緒六年，卒於官，優恤，建專祠，諡武壯。

In the spring of 1868 the western Nian raided the capital districts. Songlin beat them at Anping and again at Chiping. From Linyi they threw a long cordon to the Majia River, which Songlin held with Pan Dingxin and Wang Xin'an. They routed the rebels at Haifeng, chased them to Dezhou, and in sixteen days and nights killed or captured more than half the force. In the sixth month he and Pan Dingxin shattered the rebels at Shahe, killing or capturing four thousand. The Nian fled among the Huang, Yun, and Tuhai rivers. Songlin and Mingchuan cut them off wherever they turned; Zhang Zongyu drowned himself. With the western Nian suppressed, he received the yellow riding jacket and a hereditary Commandant of Light Chariots. He was made provincial military commander of Hubei, then transferred to Zhili. He died in office in 1880. The court granted exceptional mourning honors, built him a special shrine, and gave him the posthumous title Wuzhuang.

李長樂，字漢春，安徽盱眙人。同治元年，以外委從郭松林隸淮軍，充營官。克柘林、奉賢、南匯、川沙、金山，解松江圍，复青浦，擢千總。戰四江口，松林軍方泰鎮，長樂率所部深入，近賊壘。夜半，趣軍士起，曰：「今陷賊中，旦明賊覺，無得脫者。盍出奇計劫之！」遂投火賊幕，鼓角乘之，賊驚擾，長樂奮呼進，大破之。又設伏黃渡，擊之半濟，又敗之吳淞江南。四江口圍解，擢都司，賜花翎。

Li Changle, style name Hanchun, was from Xuyi in Anhui. In 1862, as an acting sub-officer, he followed Guo Songlin into the Huai Army and served as battalion commander. He took Zhelin, Fengxian, Nanhui, Chuansha, and Jinshan, raised the siege of Songjiang, recovered Qingpu, and was promoted to sergeant. At Sijiangkou, while Songlin's main force was at Fangtai, Changle led his men deep into rebel territory until they were almost on the enemy stockade. At midnight he roused his men and said, "We are trapped in the middle of the enemy camp. At dawn they will find us, and none of us will get out. Why not strike first with a surprise raid?" He set fire to the rebel tents, sounded drums and horns, and threw the camp into panic. Changle led the charge with a battle cry and routed them completely. He ambushed them at Huangdu as they were crossing the river, then beat them again south of the Wusong. The siege at Sijiangkou was raised. He was promoted to company commander and awarded the peacock feather.

二年，進屯常熟王莊，援賊踞陳市，阻官軍進路。從松林自南漍攻賊右，連破賊營，直趨長涇。長樂陷陣傷脛，裹創力戰敗賊，擢參將，賜號侃勇巴圖魯。尋克江陰，規無錫，出新塘橋。賊憑壘鳴砲俯擊，長樂濡絮裹身越溝進，敗之；逐奔至亭子橋，刺賊酋黃子隆中肩，又設伏兵敗援賊。李秀成圍大橋角營，從松林往援，奪其舟，賊退走，盡平梅村諸壘。會諸軍圍攻無錫，率輕騎掩至，梯城入，黃子隆就擒，長樂獲其子德懋。尋坐失察部勇，褫職留軍。進規常州，援總兵唐殿魁於奔牛，解其圍。三年，敗賊上湖橋，克宜興，复官。移軍溧陽、金壇，戰皆捷。回援常熟，解其圍，連破賊於楊舍、華墅、周莊、三河口，會攻常州。四月，合圍，長樂先登，賊酋陳坤書、黃和錦就擒，復常州，擢副將，賜號尚勇巴圖魯。

In 1863 he advanced to Wangzhuang near Changshu. Rebel reinforcements held Chen market and blocked the government advance. With Songlin he attacked the rebel right from Nangang, stormed camp after camp, and pushed straight for Changjing. Changle led the charge and took a shin wound; he bound it and fought on until the rebels broke. He was promoted to brigade commander and given the title Valiant Baturu. Jiangyin fell soon after. He turned toward Wuxi and advanced from Xintang Bridge. The rebels held the fort and raked them with cannon fire. Changle padded himself with wet cotton, crossed the ditch under fire, and routed them; pursued them to Tingzi Bridge, stabbed the rebel chief Huang Zilong in the shoulder, and ambushed and broke the relief column. Li Xiucheng besieged the camp at Daqiaojiao. Changle went with Songlin to relieve it, seized the rebel boats, and drove them off until every fort around Meicun was cleared. In the joint siege of Wuxi he led light cavalry in a surprise dash, scaled the walls on ladders, and took Huang Zilong prisoner along with his son Demao. He was soon stripped of rank for lax discipline among his men but kept with the army. He pressed the campaign against Changzhou, relieved Major General Tang Diankui at Benniu, and broke the siege there. In 1864 he routed the rebels at Shanghu Bridge, took Yixing, and was restored to rank. He moved his force to Liyang and Jintan and won every engagement. He turned back to raise the siege of Changshu, beat the rebels in turn at Yangshe, Huashu, Zhouzhuang, and Sanhekou, and joined the assault on Changzhou. In the fourth month the ring closed. Changle was first over the wall; the rebel chiefs Chen Kunshu and Huang Hejin were taken. Changzhou was recovered, he was made deputy commander, and he received the title Esteemed Brave Baturu.

從松林進克浙江長興，以總兵記名。進湖州，破呂山賊。攻賊酋黃文金於尹隆橋，官軍不利，長樂率三營別屯李家港，保糧道。賊傾巢來爭，長樂偕易用剛夾擊之，斬賊酋黃十四，破尹隆橋，遂復湖州。四年春，從松林援福建，戰於海澄赤嶺。松林分兵為八隊，長樂居中當賊首李世賢，破走之，竄漳州。長樂進屯古田，據山東形勝，賊悉銳力爭，擊卻之，复漳浦、雲霄。南趨詔安，破之梅村，復其城，加提督銜。福建平，旋師江蘇，屯鎮江。

With Songlin he advanced into Zhejiang and took Changxing, and was entered on the rolls for major general. He pushed on Huzhou and routed the rebels at Lüshan. In the attack on the rebel chief Huang Wenjin at Yinlong Bridge the government forces faltered. Changle took three battalions to a separate camp at Lijia harbor to hold the supply line. The rebels threw their full strength at him. Changle and Yi Yonggang caught them in a pincer, killed the rebel chief Huang Fourteen, broke Yinlong Bridge, and recovered Huzhou. In the spring of 1865 he followed Songlin to Fujian and fought at Chiling in Haicheng. Songlin split his force into eight columns. Changle took the center against the rebel chief Li Shixian, broke him, and drove him toward Zhangzhou. Changle advanced to Gutian and seized the heights to the east. The rebels threw their best troops at him; he drove them off and recovered Zhangpu and Yunxiao. He pushed south to Zhao'an, routed the rebels at Meicun, recovered the city, and received brevet provincial military commander. With Fujian pacified, the army returned to Jiangsu and encamped at Zhenjiang.

曾國籓督師剿捻匪，松林已歸，長樂代將其眾以從，兼統忠樸三營，為游擊之師，轉戰河南、山東間。六年，李鴻章代國籓督師，松林復至軍，增松林軍至二十餘營，號武毅軍，長樂所部曰武毅軍前軍。破任柱於贛榆，要賴文光於濰縣，長樂等並力奮擊，賊鳧水東走，躡至餘家寨，賊受創甚鉅，复要之壽光南北洋河、巨瀰河間，擒斬三萬，文光竄揚州被擒，賜黃馬褂。

When Zeng Guofan took command against the Nian, Songlin had gone home. Changle led his old troops in his stead, also took the three Zhongpu battalions as a mobile strike force, and fought back and forth between Henan and Shandong. In 1867 Li Hongzhang replaced Guofan as commander. Songlin rejoined the army, which was expanded to more than twenty battalions as the Wuyi Army; Changle's command became its vanguard. They broke Ren Zhu at Ganyu and caught Lai Wenguang at Weixian. Changle and the others hammered the rebels until they fled east across the rivers; the pursuit reached Yujia stockade and inflicted crippling losses. At Shouguang, between the Yang and Mi rivers, thirty thousand were killed or captured. Wenguang fled to Yangzhou and was taken. Changle received the yellow riding jacket.

七年，從剿西捻，戰安平，馬軍失利，長樂等以步卒馳援，賊大潰；追至饒陽楊家村，又要之深州李家村，破其馬隊，斬獲無算。三月，敗賊大坯山。援提督陳振邦於大河村，解其圍，追挫之茌平、滄州，援副都統春壽於海豐郝家寨。六月，追至樂陵，擒總愚子正江、弟得華，戰商河，槍傷總愚。西捻平，以提督總兵遇缺題奏，晉博奇巴圖魯。十年，署湖北提督，尋實授。光緒五年，調湖南。六年，調直隸。近畿海防重要，奏令長樂駐蘆臺，扼大沽、北塘門戶。十五年，卒官，優恤，諡勤勇。

In 1868 he joined the campaign against the western Nian. At Anping the cavalry faltered; Changle rushed his infantry to the rescue and the rebels collapsed; the pursuit ran to Yangjia village in Raoyang and cut them off again at Lijia village in Shenzhou, shattered their cavalry, and killed or captured beyond count. In the third month he routed the rebels at Dapishan. He relieved Provincial Military Commander Chen Zhenbang at Dahe village, raised the siege, harried the rebels at Chiping and Cangzhou, and relieved Vice Commander Chun Shou at Haojia stockade in Haifeng. In the sixth month the pursuit reached Leling, where Zongyu's son Zhengjiang and brother Dehua were taken. At Shanghe Zongyu was shot. With the western Nian suppressed, he was recommended for the next provincial commander or major general vacancy and advanced to Boqi Baturu. In 1871 he served as acting provincial military commander of Hubei and soon received the full appointment. In 1879 he was transferred to Hunan. In 1880 he was transferred to Zhili. Because coastal defense near the capital mattered greatly, the court ordered Changle to garrison Lutai and guard the approaches to Dagu and Beitang. He died in office in 1889. The court granted exceptional mourning honors and the posthumous title Qinyong.

楊鼎勳，字少銘，四川華陽人。咸豐二年，應募從軍，初隸湖北按察使李孟群，克漢陽，擢把總。七年，隸提督鮑超軍。八年，戰湖口，擢千總。十年，鮑超與陳玉成大戰小池驛，鼎勳見玉成立陣中指揮，獨從壯士十數人突前擊之，玉成駭走，复太湖、潛山兩城。敘功，賜花翎。李秀成踞黟縣，鼎勳擊賊城下，奪門入，大軍繼之，復其城。十一年，復建德，擢都司。破安慶赤岡嶺賊壘，擢游擊。初，小池驛之戰，鮑超嘉其功，令將五百人，所向有功。諸將嫉之，譖於超。

Yang Dingxun, style name Shaoming, was from Huayang in Sichuan. In 1852 he enlisted, first under Li Mengqun, judicial commissioner of Hubei. When Hanyang fell he was promoted to corporal. In 1857 he joined the army of Provincial Military Commander Bao Chao. In 1858 he fought at Hukou and was promoted to sergeant. In 1860 Bao Chao fought Chen Yucheng at Xiaochi post station. Dingxun saw Yucheng directing from the line, led a dozen picked men in a headlong charge, and sent Yucheng fleeing in panic. Taihu and Qianshan were recovered. For this he was commended and awarded the peacock feather. Li Xiucheng held Yi county. Dingxun assaulted the walls, forced the gate, and broke in; the main force followed and the city was retaken. In 1861 he helped recover Jiande and was promoted to company commander. He took the rebel stronghold at Chigang Ridge outside Anqing and was made battalion commander. Earlier, after the fight at Xiaochi post station, Bao Chao commended him and put five hundred men under his command; he won success wherever he was sent. Other officers grew jealous and brought accusations against him to Bao Chao.

同治元年，李鴻章督師上海，遂去超從淮軍。虹橋、四江口諸戰有功，累擢副將。募淮勇千人，號勳字軍，屯金山張堰，扼平湖乍浦要衝，習西洋槍隊，每戰輒為軍鋒。二年，破新昌賊壘，連克楓涇，斬賊四千，生擒五百；再戰西塘，裹創奮擊，大敗之，擢總兵，賜號鋒勇巴圖魯。從程學啟規蘇州，鼎勳攻下城外堅壘，蘇州复，加提督銜。三年，會克宜興、荊溪、溧陽，解常熟、無錫圍。攻常州，賊因蘇州之殺降，惟死守。鼎勳以蜀人將淮勇，懼諸將輕己，每戰輒先，晝夜環攻，盡毀城外賊壘，血戰三日。造浮橋，率死士先登城，砲彈洞胸達背，左右扶之，絕而復蘇，遂克常州，以提督記名簡放。創愈，進克浦口，复長興，招降湖州賊黨，會克其城。追賊至皖境，克廣德。四年，偕郭松林援福建，攻烏頭門賊壘，复漳州，授江蘇蘇松鎮總兵。

In 1862, when Li Hongzhang took command at Shanghai, Dingxun left Bao Chao and joined the Huai Army. He distinguished himself at Hongqiao, Sikou, and other engagements and rose step by step to deputy commander. He raised a thousand Huai braves as the Xun Character Army, posted them at Zhangyan in Jinshan to block the Pinghu–Zhapu corridor, trained them in Western musket tactics, and in every fight led the van. In 1863 he smashed the rebel fort at Xinchang, took Fengjing in turn, killed four thousand rebels, and took five hundred prisoners; At Xitang he fought on despite his wounds, routed the enemy, was made major general, and received the title Sharp Brave Baturu. With Cheng Xueqi in the campaign for Suzhou, Dingxun carried the outer forts; when Suzhou fell he received brevet provincial military commander. In 1864 he helped take Yixing, Jingxi, and Liyang and raise the sieges of Changshu and Wuxi. At Changzhou the rebels, remembering how surrendered men had been killed at Suzhou, fought only to hold the walls. A Sichuanese leading Huai troops, Dingxun feared his peers would slight him and always led the charge. For three days and nights he ringed the city, tore down every outer rebel fort, and fought hand to hand. He threw a pontoon bridge across the moat and led stormers up first. A round went through his chest and out his back; his men caught him as he collapsed, then he came to and the city fell. He was entered on the rolls for provincial military commander and marked for appointment. Once healed he took Pukou, recovered Changxing, won over the rebel bands at Huzhou, and helped capture the city. He chased the rebels into Anhui and captured Guangde. In 1865 he joined Guo Songlin in Fujian, took the rebel stronghold at Wutou Gate, recovered Zhangzhou, and was made major general of the Jiangsu Susong garrison.

五年，調赴河南剿捻匪，敗賊硃仙鎮，躡擊至定陶、睢寧。六年，破賊於黃陂、孝感，擢浙江提督，調湖南。十月，破賊於山東濰縣，追至夏灣，賊酋陳懷忠乞降，分軍出周家寨襲賊，大破之。追擊於諸城、膠州。東捻平，論功，予騎都尉世職。七年，馳援畿輔，破捻匪於安平，追至楊家村，降賊酋張志清。偕郭松林擊賊濬縣大邳山，又敗之衛輝，陣斬賊酋王建瀛、熊八，擒悍賊何士喜、周久於龍王廟。賊竄山東，自德州趨天津，鼎勳守運河，修牆浚壕，賊來犯，輒擊走之。會舊傷發，遽卒，數日而西捻平。李鴻章疏聞，贈太子少保，諡忠勤，建專祠。

In 1866 he was sent to Henan against the Nian, routed them at Zhuxian, and chased them to Dingtao and Suining. In 1867 he beat the rebels at Huangpi and Xiaogan, was made provincial military commander of Zhejiang, and then transferred to Hunan. In the tenth month he routed the rebels at Weixian in Shandong and pursued them to Xiawan, where the rebel chief Chen Huaizhong offered to surrender. He detached a column from Zhoujiazhai to fall on the enemy and broke them completely. He pressed the pursuit through Zhucheng and Jiaozhou. With the eastern Nian suppressed, he was rewarded with a hereditary Commandant of Cavalry office. In 1868 he hurried north to the capital districts, routed the Nian at Anping, chased them to Yangjia village, and accepted the surrender of the rebel chief Zhang Zhiqing. With Guo Songlin he fought the rebels at Dapi Mountain in Jun county, beat them again at Weihui, killed the rebel chiefs Wang Jianying and Xiong Ba on the field, and seized the hardened fighters He Shixi and Zhou Jiu at Longwang Temple. The rebels slipped into Shandong and marched from Dezhou toward Tianjin. Dingxun held the Grand Canal line, strengthened the walls and ditches, and beat back every assault. His old wounds reopened and he died suddenly; a few days later the western Nian were suppressed. Li Hongzhang reported his death to the court. He was posthumously made Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent, given the posthumous title Loyal and Diligent, and granted a private shrine.

唐殿魁，字藎臣，安徽合肥人。咸豐十年，巡撫翁同書檄率鄉團援壽州，力解城圍。又從克合肥三河汛，解六安圍，敘千總。同治元年，李鴻章率淮軍援上海，殿魁從，隸劉銘傳，克南匯、川沙、奉賢、金山衛、柘林五城，積功累擢都司，賜花翎。二年，克江陰楊舍汛城，擢游擊，賜號振勇巴圖魯。复江陰縣城，擢參將。尋克無錫，以總兵記名。

Tang Diankui, style name Jinchen, was from Hefei in Anhui. In 1860 Governor Weng Tongshu summoned him to lead local militia to Shouzhou, where he broke the siege. He also helped take the Sanhe garrison outside Hefei and raise the siege of Lu'an, and was commended as sergeant. In 1862, when Li Hongzhang brought the Huai Army to Shanghai, Diankui went with him under Liu Mingchuan and helped take Nanhui, Chuansha, Fengxian, Jinshanwei, and Zhelin. For steady service he rose to company commander and received the peacock feather. In 1863 he captured the Yangshe garrison at Jiangyin, was made battalion commander, and received the title Striking Brave Baturu. When Jiangyin city fell he was promoted to brigade commander. Wuxi fell soon after, and he was entered on the rolls for major general.

從劉銘傳攻常州，銘傳受重傷，令殿魁偕副將黃桂蘭督兵進。甫至奔牛鎮，而常州、丹陽兩路賊麕至，圍之。殿魁據石營依河岸，壁壘悉為賊轟毀，堅守二十餘日。銘傳裹創往救，殿魁從內夾擊，苦戰數日，圍始解。三年，克常州，生擒賊首陳坤書，以提督記名。四年，增募所部至三千人。從劉銘傳渡淮剿捻匪，破張寨賊壘。五年，授浙江衢州鎮總兵。追賊至湖北，克黃陂。捻匪自山東回竄，銘傳督兵追至烏官屯，殿魁繼進，殺賊五百餘。六年，調廣西右江鎮。

In the assault on Changzhou, Mingchuan was badly wounded and sent Diankui with Deputy Commander Huang Guilan to lead the advance. He had barely reached Benniu when rebels from Changzhou and Danyang converged and surrounded him. Diankui held a stone camp on the riverbank. Rebel fire wrecked his works, but he held out for more than twenty days. Mingchuan came with his wounds still bound; Diankui hit the ring from inside while Mingchuan pressed from without. After days of hard fighting the siege was broken. In 1864 Changzhou fell and the rebel chief Chen Kunshu was taken alive. Diankui was entered on the rolls for provincial military commander. In 1865 he expanded his command to three thousand men. With Liu Mingchuan he crossed the Huai against the Nian and took the rebel fort at Zhangzhai. In 1866 he was made major general of the Zhejiang Quzhou garrison. He chased the rebels into Hubei and captured Huangpi. When the Nian swung back from Shandong, Mingchuan drove them to Wuguan tun and Diankui followed up, killing more than five hundred. In 1867 he was transferred to the Guangxi Youjiang garrison.

捻首張總愚竄安陸。銘傳與鮑超約會戰於永漋河，銘傳欲先出，殿魁請少待，不從。超未至，銘軍先遇賊，部將田履安、李錫增戰沒。殿魁戰小挫，受重傷。及聞霆軍大捷，复裹創力戰，遂殞於陣。贈太子少保，予騎都尉兼雲騎尉世職，諡忠壯，建專祠。

The Nian chief Zhang Zongyu broke into Anlu. Mingchuan and Bao Chao agreed to meet the enemy at the Yongzhang River. Mingchuan wanted to move first; Diankui urged him to hold back, but he refused. Bao Chao had not yet arrived when the Ming army met the rebels. Subordinates Tian Lü'an and Li Xizeng were killed in action. Diankui's line buckled and he was badly wounded. When news came of a great victory by the Ting Army, he bound his wounds again and fought on until he fell on the field. He was posthumously made Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent, granted hereditary Commandant of Cavalry and Cloud Cavalry Commandant ranks, given the posthumous title Loyal and Valiant, and honored with a private shrine.

唐定奎，字俊侯，殿魁弟。偕兄轉戰江蘇。從劉銘傳剿捻於山東、河南、安徽、湖北，積功累擢副將，賜花翎。同治六年，殿魁戰歿永漋河，定奎方省母回裡，奔赴軍，誓殺賊復仇，遂代領兄舊部，轉戰河南、山東。六年，殄任柱於贛榆，破賴文光於壽光，所部殺賊最多。東捻平，以提督記名。七年，從剿西捻於直隸、山東，賜號呼敦巴圖魯。銘軍凱旋，告歸終養。九年，丁母憂。劉銘傳赴陝西剿回匪，調定奎接統銘武軍，定奎請終制，命俟陝西軍事平，回籍終制。十年，定奎回防徐州。

Tang Dingkui, style name Junhou, was Diankui's younger brother. He fought alongside his brother across Jiangsu. Under Liu Mingchuan he campaigned against the Nian in Shandong, Henan, Anhui, and Hubei, rose to deputy commander on accumulated merit, and received the peacock feather. In 1867 Diankui was killed at the Yongzhang River. Dingkui had been home visiting his mother; he hurried back to camp, swore to kill rebels and avenge his brother, took over the old command, and fought on in Henan and Shandong. That year he destroyed Ren Zhu at Ganyu and routed Lai Wenguang at Shouguang; his troops accounted for more rebel dead than any other unit. With the eastern Nian suppressed, he was entered on the rolls for provincial military commander. In 1868 he joined the campaign against the western Nian in Zhili and Shandong and received the title Hodun Baturu. When the Ming army came home victorious, he asked to retire and support his parents in their old age. In 1870 he went into mourning for his mother. When Liu Mingchuan went to Shaanxi against Muslim rebels, Dingkui was called to take the Mingwu Army. He asked to complete mourning; the court told him to wait until the Shaanxi campaign ended, then return home to finish the rites. In 1871 Dingkui returned to garrison Xuzhou.

十三年，日本擾台灣，生番滋事。船政大臣沈葆楨奏請援師，李鴻章薦定奎率所部往。七月，至台灣，駐鳳山，擇險分屯。龜紋番社引日兵與刺桐腳莊民尋仇相閧，定奎示以兵威，日人引去。時疫流行，士卒先後死千餘人，定奎拊循周至，兵氣不衰，賜黃馬褂。

In 1874 Japan raided Taiwan and indigenous tribes rose in unrest. Naval Affairs Commissioner Shen Baozhen asked for reinforcements, and Li Hongzhang recommended that Dingkui lead his troops to Taiwan. In the seventh month he landed in Taiwan, posted his headquarters at Fengshan, and split his force among defensible positions. The Guiwen tribe drew in Japanese soldiers to settle a feud with the village of Citongjiao. Dingkui showed force and the Japanese pulled back. An epidemic swept the camp and killed more than a thousand men, but Dingkui nursed and encouraged his troops so morale held firm, and he was awarded the yellow jacket.

楓港、獅頭諸社番屢出戕害良民，光緒元年，游擊王開俊進剿，中伏死。內外番社結黨劫殺，各社就撫，皆懷觀望。定奎分遣七營屯東港南勢湖，自率四營當其衝，葆楨檄諸軍並聽節制。定奎上書陳兵事，略曰：「逆番晝伏莽中，夜燎山頂，精於標槍，伺間輒發。專恃深林密箐，狙擊我師，我進彼隱，我退彼見。今欲掃其巢穴，必先翦其荊棘。宜增募土勇，導引兵丁，隨山刊木，務絕根株，然後分道進兵，草薙擒狝。其有奸民接濟鹽米火藥者，按軍法，庶幾一舉可以成功。」葆楨據以入告。於是開山進兵，攻克萃山、竹坑、本武諸社。獅頭社猶負險抗拒，定奎令諸將得險即守，自剿獅頭兩社，別遣師扼斷外援，遂攻下之。移營駐守，被脅十餘社皆歸命，給衣履酒食，譯示朝廷威德，咸受約束。設招撫局，示約七條，曰：遵薙發，編戶口，獻凶逆，禁仇殺，立總目，墾番地，設番塾。以龜紋番酋充諸社總目，赦其脅從。台南大定，詔褒獎，命內渡休養士卒。授直隸正定鎮總兵。尋擢福建陸路提督。

Aborigines of Fenggang, Shitou, and neighboring communities kept raiding and killing settlers. In 1875 Battalion Commander Wang Kaijun marched against them, was ambushed, and killed. Tribes inland and along the coast banded together to raid and kill. Those that came in for pacification still held back and watched how things would go. Dingkui posted seven battalions at Donggang and Nanshihu and led four battalions against the main threat himself. Baozhen ordered all forces on the island to take his orders. Dingkui wrote to the court on the campaign, saying in brief: "The hostile tribes lie in the bush by day and signal from the hilltops by night. They are expert with javelins and attack at the first chance. They depend on deep woods and narrow ravines to snipe at our columns—when we advance they vanish, when we pull back they appear. To root out their strongholds we must first clear the undergrowth. We should recruit more local scouts to lead regular troops, cut the forest away slope by slope until nothing is left to shelter them, then advance in separate columns and scour the country clean. Anyone who supplies them with salt, grain, or powder should be punished under military law; only then may we succeed in a single campaign." Baozhen sent the memorial up to the throne. He then pushed into the hills and took the communities of Cuishan, Zhukeng, Benwu, and others. The Shitou tribe still held the high ground. Dingkui told his officers to seize and hold every strong point; he attacked the two Shitou villages himself while another column blocked outside help, and the positions fell. He moved camp to hold the ground. More than ten coerced villages submitted; he gave them clothes, shoes, food, and wine, had the court's authority explained through interpreters, and brought them all under control. He set up a pacification office and posted seven rules: adopt the queue, register households, surrender criminals, end blood feuds, appoint headmen, open tribal land to farming, and establish tribal schools. He made the Guiwen chief headman over the tribes and pardoned those who had followed under duress. Southern Taiwan was pacified. The court commended him and ordered him to return to the mainland and rest his troops. He was made major general of the Zhili Zhengding garrison. He was soon promoted to provincial military commander of Fujian's land forces.

沈葆楨調兩江總督，奏統所部駐防江陰。九年，傷發乞休，不允。法越用兵事起，海防戒嚴，詔促力疾赴防。十一年，和議定，病請開缺，允之。十三年，卒，優恤，諡果介。

When Shen Baozhen became governor-general of the Two Jiangs, he had Dingkui's troops posted at Jiangyin under his command. In 1883 his old wounds reopened and he asked to retire, but the court refused. When war broke out between France and Vietnam, the coast was put on alert and he was ordered to take up defense despite his illness. In 1885 peace was made. He asked to be relieved for illness, and the request was granted. He died in 1887. The court granted special mourning honors and the posthumous title Resolute and Upright.

滕嗣武，湖南麻陽人。咸豐初，從軍湖北。十年，小池驛之戰，功多，超擢都司。從攻安慶，嗣武率所部扼要築砲壘，壘未成，賊突出萬餘來爭，嗣武力擊破之。十一年，克安慶，敘功擢參將。同治元年，改隸淮軍，從李鴻章至上海，解松江圍，賜號偉勇巴圖魯。屯北簳山扼賊衝，賊犯寶山，與諸軍夾擊破之，進拔南匯，以總兵記名。

Teng Siwu was from Mayang in Hunan. In the early Xianfeng years he enlisted in Hubei. In 1860, at Xiaochi post station, he won high distinction and was promoted straight to company commander. In the assault on Anqing he seized a key point and began building batteries. Before the works were finished, more than ten thousand rebels rushed out to take them; Siwu beat them back. Anqing fell in 1861; he was commended and made brigade commander. In 1862 he joined the Huai Army, followed Li Hongzhang to Shanghai, raised the siege of Songjiang, and received the title Mighty Brave Baturu. He held Beigan Mountain to block the rebel line. When they struck Baoshan he joined a converging attack and drove them off, then took Nanhui and was entered on the rolls for major general.

二年，偕程學啟規蘇州，敗賊於正義鎮。地當要衝，以嗣武守之，輔以水師，分軍伏橋口伺賊。崑山賊勢蹙，啟西門遁。伏起，水師以巨砲環擊，賊大潰，立復其城。移軍會攻江陰。賊自無錫來援，連營數十，柵壘棋布。軍分三路進，嗣武率八營當中路，攻麥市橋，以輕兵伏河堤，燃砲毀賊壘，賊潰走，追及之三巴橋，殲獲殆盡。進次無錫城下，賊首李世賢以全軍拒戰。嗣武身先士卒，怒馬突陣，敗之謝家橋，又敗之蕩口。賊退據硃王橋堅守，嗣武出奇兵襲擊，擒斬千餘，加提督銜。既而克無錫，以提督記名。

In 1863 he joined Cheng Xueqi in the campaign for Suzhou and routed the rebels at Zhengyi. The town stood on a key crossing. Siwu held it with naval support while a detachment lay in ambush at the bridge. Pressed at Kunshan, the rebels opened the west gate and fled. The ambush sprang up and the fleet hammered them with heavy guns from all sides. The rebels broke and fled, and the city was retaken at once. He moved his troops to join the assault on Jiangyin. Rebel reinforcements marched from Wuxi, pitching dozens of linked camps with forts and stockades strewn across the field. The force advanced in three columns. Siwu led eight battalions up the center against Maishi Bridge, with light troops hidden on the riverbank. Cannon fire smashed the rebel forts; the enemy broke and fled, and the pursuit to Sanba Bridge killed or captured nearly the entire force. He pressed on to camp below Wuxi, where the rebel chief Li Shixian met him with his full army. Siwu led from the front, charging the enemy line on a spirited horse. He routed them at Xiejia Bridge and again at Dangkou. The rebels fell back to hold Zhuhuang Bridge. Siwu sent a surprise column, killed or captured more than a thousand, and received brevet provincial military commander. Wuxi fell soon after, and he was entered on the rolls for provincial military commander.

三年，會攻常州，破援賊於奔牛鎮，攻下宜興、荊溪，嗣武傷右股。四月，會圍常州，嗣武當南門，砲毀城垣，克之。七年，從李鴻章剿捻。畿輔事平。八年，授湖北鄖陽鎮總兵。十一年，卒，賜卹，諡武慎。

In 1864 he joined the assault on Changzhou, beat the relief force at Benniu, and took Yixing and Jingxi. Siwu was wounded in the right thigh. In the fourth month he joined the siege of Changzhou. Siwu held the south gate until artillery breached the wall and the city fell. In 1868 he followed Li Hongzhang against the Nian. The fighting around the capital was over. In 1869 he was made major general of Yunyang garrison in Hubei. He died in 1872. The court granted mourning honors and the posthumous title Wushen.

駱國忠，安徽鳳陽人。初陷於粵匪，授偽職，知賊必敗，陰圖反正。常熟久為賊踞，福山與狼山夾江對峙，賊設屯以扼後路，國忠任城守。同治元年，李鴻章蒞江蘇，兵威日振，國忠因水師游擊周興隆舉城薙發降。鴻章令興隆、國忠選驍健萬人，分守水陸要衝，以防蘇州竄賊。福山守賊胡經元、江勝海原約俱降，國忠遣人召之，比至福山，不得入。國忠夜率兵往，令其弟國孝攻其南，自與興隆攻其北，斷賊登舟之路，槍殪賊將侯得龍，賊舟師遁走。經元、勝海殺賊渠數人，率所部出，與國忠合。國孝越重壕毀賊壘；興隆等分兵盡拔許浦、白茅、徐涇諸壘，賊將錢壽仁亦自太倉率所部二千詣鴻章降。總兵鞠耀乾率師船泊徐涇，千總袁光政入城助守。

Luo Guozhong was from Fengyang in Anhui. He had first been swept up among the Taiping rebels and given a rebel post. Convinced they would fail, he secretly planned to defect. Changshu had long been in rebel hands. Fushan and Langshan faced each other across the river, and the rebels posted garrisons to block the rear. Guozhong was put in charge of the city's defense. In 1862 Li Hongzhang took command in Jiangsu and government power grew daily. Through Naval Battalion Commander Zhou Xinglong, Guozhong shaved his head in submission and surrendered the city. Hongzhang ordered Xinglong and Guozhong to pick ten thousand picked men and post them at the key land and river crossings to block rebel breakouts from Suzhou. The Fushan garrison commanders Hu Jingyuan and Jiang Shenghai had agreed to surrender with him, but when Guozhong's messengers reached Fushan they could not get in. Guozhong marched by night, sent his brother Guoxiao against the south wall, and with Xinglong struck the north, cutting off escape to the boats. He shot the rebel general Hou Delong, and the rebel fleet fled. Jingyuan and Shenghai killed several rebel leaders, brought their men out, and joined Guozhong. Guoxiao crossed the deep moat and smashed the rebel forts; Xinglong's columns took the forts at Xupu, Baimao, and Xujing one by one, and the rebel general Qian Shouren brought two thousand men from Taicang to surrender to Hongzhang. Major General Ju Yaoqian brought his gunboats to Xujing, and Sergeant Yuan Guangzheng entered the city to help hold it.

十二月，李秀成等以眾數万自蘇州來攻，連營十餘裡。國忠乞濟師，常勝軍五百人自海道往援，而賊由江陰再陷福山，聲援隔絕。鴻章令潘鼎新、劉銘傳、張樹珊以三千人趨福山，與黃翼升水師並進。福山城小而堅，攻之不下。常熟被圍愈亟，國忠斂兵入城，興隆屯城西虞山相犄角，為死守計。二年，賊以砲壞城東垣，國忠力拒不得入，樹雲梯緣城，亦擊卻之。賊增壘掘隧，數道並進，城危甚。會鼎新、銘傳諸軍急攻福山，賊分兵赴援，留者僅數千，國忠乃開城出戰，毀賊壘，擒其渠硃衣點。福山既克，諸軍來會，城圍始解。捷聞，優詔嘉獎，擢授國忠副將，加總兵銜，編降眾為忠字八營。會攻江陰，戰甚力，既克，賜號勁勇巴圖魯。署京口水師副將，留守江陰。三年，破丹陽援賊，以總兵記名。尋克常州，以積勞傷發，乞假歸。

In the twelfth month Li Xiucheng marched from Suzhou with tens of thousands of men and pitched a line of camps more than ten li long. Guozhong pleaded for reinforcements. Five hundred Ever-Victorious Army men came by sea, but rebels from Jiangyin retook Fushan and cut him off from help. Hongzhang sent Pan Dingxin, Liu Mingchuan, and Zhang Shushan with three thousand men to Fushan, marching in concert with Huang Yisheng's fleet. Fushan was small but tough, and the assault would not break it. As the siege of Changshu tightened, Guozhong pulled his men inside the walls while Xinglong camped on Yushan to the west so the two posts could support each other in a fight to the last. In 1863 rebel artillery smashed the eastern wall, but Guozhong held them out. When they raised scaling ladders he drove them back again. The rebels threw up more forts and dug tunnels, pressing the attack on several fronts until the city was in grave danger. While Dingxin and Mingchuan hammered Fushan, the rebels split off a relief column and left only a few thousand men before Changshu. Guozhong sallied out, smashed their forts, and captured the rebel chief Zhuyidian. When Fushan fell the relieving columns joined him and the siege was finally raised. News of the victory brought an imperial commendation. Guozhong was made deputy commander with brevet major general and his surrendered troops were organized as the eight Zhongzi battalions. He fought hard in the assault on Jiangyin, and after the city fell he received the title Stalwart Brave Baturu. He served as acting deputy commander of the Jingkou fleet and stayed to garrison Jiangyin. In 1864 he broke the Danyang relief force and was entered on the rolls for major general. Changzhou fell soon after, but overwork reopened his wounds and he went home on leave.

五年，從劉銘傳剿捻匪，轉戰湖北、河南、山東，所鄉有功。六年，東捻平，以提督記名，賜黃馬褂。九年，銘傳督辦陝西軍務，調國忠從行。十二年，卒於乾州軍中，賜卹，諡勇肅。

In 1866 he followed Liu Mingchuan against the Nian, fighting through Hubei, Henan, and Shandong with credit wherever he served. When the eastern Nian were suppressed in 1867 he was entered on the rolls for provincial military commander and awarded the yellow jacket. In 1870 Mingchuan took charge of military affairs in Shaanxi and took Guozhong with him. He died in camp at Qianzhou in 1873. The court granted mourning honors and the posthumous title Yongsu.

論曰：郭松林、李長樂、楊鼎勳、滕嗣武皆由湘、楚舊部改隸淮軍，平吳、平捻，卓著聲績。唐殿魁淮軍驍將，惜未竟功。定奎席兄餘光，名位轉出其上，固有幸有不幸哉。駱國忠智勇堅毅，識時為傑，當時名滿江南，成績可紀也。

The historians remark: Guo Songlin, Li Changle, Yang Dingxun, and Teng Siwu all came from old Hunan and Hubei units before joining the Huai Army. In pacifying the lower Yangtze and the Nian they won outstanding fame. Tang Diankui was one of the Huai Army's fiercest fighters, but he died before his work was done. Dingkui built on his brother's reputation and ended up with even greater rank and fame—was that good fortune, or ill? Luo Guozhong was shrewd, brave, and steadfast, a man who read the moment with rare clarity. His name was known throughout Jiangnan, and his record speaks for itself.

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