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十二諸侯年表

Chronicle of the Twelve Feudal Lords

Chapter 14 of 史記 · Records of the Grand Historian
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1
鹿 西
The Grand Historian, reading the Spring and Autumn Annals, the chronological tables, and the secret records, never failed to lay down his book and sigh when he came to King Li of Zhou. He said, "Alas, Master Zhi had already foreseen it!" When King Zhou fashioned ivory chopsticks, the Viscount of Ji sighed in dismay. When the Zhou way declined, poets took the marriage bed as their theme, and composed "Guan Ju." When benevolence and righteousness decayed, "Deer Cry" was composed as a critique. When it came to King Li, his refusal to hear his faults made the ministers fear punishment, and disaster followed. King Li fled to Zhi, chaos began in the capital itself, and the Gonghe then administered the government. After this, some ruled through force, the strong bullied the weak, and they raised armies without consulting the Son of Heaven. Yet they upheld the royal house's righteousness and carried out punitive campaigns as alliance leaders. Authority passed to the Five Hegemons, the feudal lords ran wild, and extravagance, lawlessness, traitorous ministers, and usurping sons multiplied. Qi, Jin, Qin, and Chu were utterly insignificant during Zhou's prosperous era, their fiefs no more than a hundred li or fifty li. Jin guarded the Three Rivers, Qi faced the eastern sea, Chu bordered the Jiang and Huai, and Qin relied on Yong province's natural defenses. Rulers of the four seas rose in succession, each replacing the last as hegemon. Those whom Wen and Wu praised and greatly enfeoffed all inspired awe and obedience. This is why Confucius clarified the kingly way, seeking audience with more than seventy rulers without success. He therefore observed the western Zhou court, discussed historical records and ancient traditions, rose up in Lu, and compiled the Spring and Autumn Annals. It ran from Duke Yin to the capture of the unicorn in Duke Ai's time, condensing the language and style and removing tedious repetitions to establish principles of righteousness. The kingly way was complete, and human affairs were thoroughly covered. The disciples of the seventy worthies received his transmitted teachings orally, for the wording contained passages of criticism, mockery, praise, concealment, and depreciation that could not be committed to writing. The Lu gentleman Zuoqiu Ming feared that disciples would each follow different doctrines and become content with their own opinions, thereby losing the truth. So, based on Confucius's historical records, he thoroughly discussed their sayings and completed the Zuo Tradition Spring and Autumn Annals. Duo Jiao wrote a commentary for King Wei of Chu, but since the king could not read the Spring and Autumn Annals in full, he selected examples of success and failure and in the end produced forty chapters called the Duo Family Annals. During King Xiaocheng of Zhao's reign, his chancellor Yu Qing drew from the Spring and Autumn Annals above and observed recent developments below, also writing eight chapters called the Yu Family Spring and Autumn Annals. Lü Buwei was chancellor to King Zhuangxiang of Qin and, revering antiquity, edited and gathered material from the Spring and Autumn Annals and from the time of the six states, arranging it into eight surveys, six discussions, and twelve records, which he called the Lü Family Spring and Autumn Annals. And like Xun Qing, Mencius, Gongsun Gu, Han Fei, and their followers, each collected fragments from the text of the Spring and Autumn Annals to write books, with greatly differing accounts. The Han chancellor Zhang Cang calendared the five virtues, and the senior grand master Dong Zhongshu expounded the principles of the Spring and Autumn Annals, writing about them at length.
公元前
840十六十一晉釐侯司徒元年十九十五十五二十四二十五二十五
839十七十二二十十六十六二十五二十六二十六
838十八十三二十一十七十七二十六二十七二十七
837甲子十九十四楚熊嚴元年二十二十八十八蔡夷侯元年二十八二十八
836二十十五二十三十九十九二十九二十九
835二十一十六二十四二十二十三十三十
834二十二十七十一二十五二十一二十一曹幽伯彊元年三十一
833二十三十八十二二十六二十二二十二三十二
832二十四十九十三二十七二十三二十三三十三
831十一二十五二十十四二十八二十四陳釐公孝元年三十四
830十二二十六二十一十一十五宋惠公鲒元年二十五三十五
829十三二十七二十二十二十六二十六三十六
828十四宣王即位,共和罷。二十八二十三十三十七二十七三十七
827甲戌宣王元年二十九二十四十四十八楚熊霜元年二十八十一三十八
826三十二十五十五十九二十九十二燕釐侯莊元年
825魯武公敖元年二十六十六二十三十十三曹戴伯鮮元年
824齊厲公無忌元年十七二十一三十一十四
823十八二十二三十二十五
822晉獻侯籍元年二十三三十三十六
821秦莊公其元年楚熊徇元年三十四十一十七
820十一三十五十二十八
819十二三十六十三十九
818十三三十七十四二十
817甲申十一十四三十八十五二十一
816十二十五三十九十六二十二十一
815十三魯懿公戲元年齊文公赤元年十六四十十七二十三十一十二
814十四十七四十一十八二十四十二十三
813十五十八四十二十九二十五十三十四
812十六十一十九衛武公和元年二十二十六十四十五
811十七穆侯弗生元年十一十一二十二十一二十七十五十六
810十八十二十二二十一二十二二十八十六十七
809十九十三十三二十二二十三蔡釐侯所事元年十七十八
808二十四取齊女為夫人。十四十四二十三二十四十八十九
807甲午二十一十五十五二十四二十五十九二十
806二十二魯孝公稱元年,伯御立為君,稱為諸公子云。伯御,武公孫。十六十六二十五二十六二十鄭桓公友元年始封。周宣王母弟。二十一
805二十三十一七以伐條生太子仇。十七十七二十六二十七二十一二十二
804二十四十二十八十八二十七二十八二十二二十三
803二十五齊成公說元年十九十九二十八二十九二十三二十四
802二十六十以千畝戰。生仇弟成師。二子名反,君子譏之。後亂。二十二十二十九十一三十二十四二十五
801二十七十一二十一二十一三十十二三十一二十五二十六
800二十八十二二十二二十二三十一宋惠公薨。十三三十二二十六二十七
799二十九十三二十三楚熊鄂元年宋戴公立。元年十四三十三十一二十七二十八
798三十十四二十四十五三十四十二二十八二十九
797甲辰三十一十五二十五十六三十五十三二十九三十
796三十二十一周宣王誅伯御,立其弟稱,是為孝公。十六二十六十七三十六十四三十十一三十一
795三十三十二十七二十七十八陳武公靈元年十五曹惠伯雉元年十二三十二
794三十四十三齊莊公贖元年十八二十八十九十六十三三十三
793三十五十四十九二十九二十十七十四三十四
792三十六十五二十三十二十一十八十五三十五
791三十七十六二十一三十一二十二十九十六三十六
790三十八十七二十二三十二楚若敖元年二十三二十十七燕頃侯元年
789三十九十八二十三三十三十一二十四二十一十八
788四十十九二十四三十四十二二十五二十二十九
787甲寅四十一二十二十五三十五十三二十六二十三二十
786四十二二十一二十六三十六十四二十七二十四二十一
785四十三二十二二十七穆侯卒,弟殤叔自立,太子仇出奔。三十七十五二十八十一二十五十一二十二
784四十四二十三十一晉殤叔元年三十八十六二十九十二二十六十二二十三
783四十五二十四十二三十九十七三十十三二十七十三二十四
782四十六二十五十三四十十八三十一十四二十八十四二十五
781幽王元年二十六十四四仇攻殺殤叔,立為文侯。四十一十九三十二十五二十九十五二十六
780二三川震。二十七十五晉文侯仇元年四十二十一二十三十三陳夷公說元年三十十六二十七十一
779三王取褒姒。二十八十六四十三十二二十一三十四三十一十七二十八十二
778二十九十七四十四十三二十二三十五三十二十八二十九十三
777甲子三十十八秦襄公元年十四二十三三十六陳平公燮元年三十三十九三十十四
776三十一十九十五二十四三十七三十四二十三十一十五
775三十二二十十六二十五三十八三十五二十一三十二十六
774三十三二十一十七二十六三十九三十六二十二三十三十七
773三十四二十二十八二十七四十三十七二十三三十四十八
772三十五二十三十九二十八四十一三十八二十四三十五十九
771十一幽王為犬戎所殺。三十六二十四七始列為諸侯。二十二十九四十二三十九二十五三十六以幽王故,為犬戎所殺。二十
770平王元年東徙雒邑。三十七二十五十一八初立西畤,祠白帝。二十一三十四十三四十二十六鄭武公滑突元年二十一
769三十八二十六十二二十二三十一四十四四十一二十七二十二
768魯惠公弗湦元年二十七十三二十三三十二四十五四十二二十八二十三
767甲戌二十八十四十一二十四三十三四十六十一四十三二十九二十四
766二十九十五十二伐戎至岐而死。二十五三十四四十七十二四十四三十燕哀侯元年
765三十十六秦文公元年二十六宋武公司空元年四十八十三四十五三十一
764三十一十七二十七四十九十四四十六三十二燕鄭侯元年
763三十二十八楚霄敖元年五十十五四十七三十三
762三十三十九五十一十六四十八三十四
761三十四二十五十二十七蔡共侯興元年三十五十娶申侯女武姜。
760十一三十五二十一五十三十八三十六十一
759十二三十六二十二五十四十九蔡戴侯元年曹穆公元年十二
758十三十一三十七二十三五十五二十十三
757甲申十四十二三十八二十四楚蚡冒元年衛莊公楊元年二十一十四生莊公寤生。
756十五十三三十九二十五十作鄜畤。二十二曹桓公終生元年十五
755十六十四四十二十六十一十一二十三十六
754十七十五四十一二十七十二十二陳文公圉元年生桓公鮑、厲公他。他母蔡女。十七生大叔段,母欲立段,公不聽。十一
753十八十六四十二二十八十三十三十八十二
752十九十七四十三二十九十四十四十九十三
751二十十八四十四三十十五十五二十十四
750二十一十九四十五三十一十六十六二十一十五
749二十二二十四十六三十二十七十七蔡宣侯楷論元年二十二十六
748二十三二十一四十七三十三十八十八生魯桓公母。二十三十七
747甲午二十四二十二四十八三十四十九作祠陳寶。十一宋宣公力元年十一二十四十八
746二十五二十三四十九三十五二十十二十二十一二十五十九
745二十六二十四五十晉昭侯元年封季父成師于曲沃,曲沃大於國,君子譏曰:「晉人亂自曲沃始矣。」二十一十三十三十文公卒。十二二十六二十
744二十七二十五五十一二十二十四十四陳桓公元年十三二十七二十一
743二十八二十六五十二二十三十五十五十四鄭莊公寤生元年祭仲相。二十二
742二十九二十七五十三二十四十六十六十五二十三
741三十二十八五十四二十五十七十七愛妾子州吁,州吁好兵。十六二十四
740三十一二十九五十五二十六武王立。十八十七二十五
739三十二三十五十六潘父殺昭侯,納成師,不克。昭侯子立,是為孝侯。二十七十九十一十八二十六
738三十三三十一五十七二十八二十十二十九二十七
737甲辰三十四三十二五十八二十九十一二十一十三二十二十八
736三十五三十三五十九三十十二二十二十四二十一二十九
735三十六三十四六十三十一十三二十三夫人無子,桓公立。十五二十二三十
734三十七三十五六十一三十二十四衛桓公完元年十一十六二十三三十一
733三十八三十六六十二三十三十五二弟州吁驕,桓黜之,出奔。十二十七二十四十一三十二
732三十九三十七六十三三十四十六十三十八二十五十二三十三
731四十三十八六十四九曲沃桓叔成師卒,子代立,為莊伯。三十五十七十四十九二十六十三三十四
730四十一三十九齊釐公祿父元年三十六十一十八十五二十二十七十四三十五
729四十二四十二同母弟夷仲年生公孫毋知也。十一三十七十二十九公卒,命立弟和,為穆公。十六二十一二十八十五三十六
728四十三四十一十二三十八十三宋穆公和元年十七二十二二十九十六燕穆侯元年
727甲寅四十四四十二十三三十九十四十八二十三三十十七
726四十五四十三十四四十十五十九二十四三十一十八
725四十六四十四十五四十一十六二十二十五三十二十九
724四十七四十五十六曲沃莊伯殺孝侯,晉人立孝侯子卻為鄂侯。四十二十七十一二十一二十六三十三二十
723四十八四十六晉鄂侯卻元年曲沃強於晉。四十三十八十二二十二二十七三十四二十一
722四十九魯隱公息姑元年母聲子。四十四十九十三二十三二十八三十五二十二段作亂,奔。
721五十四十五二十十四二十四二十九三十六二十三公悔,思母不見,穿地相見。
720五十一三二月,日蝕。十一四十六二十一九公屬孔父立殤公。馮奔鄭。十五二十五三十三十七二十四侵周,取禾。
719桓王元年十二四十七二十二宋殤公與夷元年十六州吁弒公自立。二十六衛石碏來告,故執州吁。三十一三十八二十五
718二使虢公伐晉之曲沃。五公觀魚于棠,君子譏之。十三六鄂侯卒。曲沃莊伯復攻晉。立鄂侯子光為哀侯。四十八二十三二鄭伐我。我伐鄭。衛宣公晉元年共立之。討州吁。二十七三十二三十九二十六十一
717甲子六鄭人來渝平。十四晉哀侯光元年四十九二十四二十八三十三四十二十七始朝王,王不禮。十二
716十五二莊伯卒,子稱立,為武公。五十二十五二十九三十四四十一二十八十三
715八易許田,君子譏之。十六秦寧公元年二十六三十三十五四十二二十九與魯祊,易許田。十四
714九三月,大雨雹,電。十七二十七三十一蔡桓侯封人元年四十三三十十五
713十八二十八七諸侯敗我。我師與衛人伐鄭。三十二四十四三十一十六
712十一大夫翬請殺桓公,求為相,公不聽,即殺公。十九二十九三十三四十五三十二十七
711魯桓公允元年母宋武公女,生手文為魯夫人。二十三十三十四四十六三十三以璧加魯,易許田。十八
710二宋賂以鼎,入於太廟,君子譏之。二十一三十一華督見孔父妻好,悅之。華督殺孔父,及殺殤公。宋公馮元年華督為相。三十五四十七三十四燕宣侯元年
709十一三翬迎女,齊侯送女,君子譏之。二十二晉小子元年三十二三十六四十八三十五
708十二二十三三十三十一三十七四十九三十六
707甲戌十三伐鄭。二十四三十四十二三十八弟他殺太子免。代立,國亂,再赴。五十三十七伐周,傷王。
706十四二十五山戎伐我。曲沃武公殺小子。周伐曲沃,立晉哀侯弟湣為晉侯。晉侯湣元年三十五侵隨,隨為善政,得止。十三陳厲公他元年五十一三十八太子忽救齊,齊將妻之。
705十五二十六十一三十六十四二生敬仲完。周史卜完後世王齊。五十二三十九
704十六二十七十二三十七伐隨,弗拔,但盟,罷兵。十五十一五十三四十
703十七二十八秦出子元年三十八十六十二五十四四十一
702十八二十九三十九十七十三五十五四十二
701十九十一三十四十十執祭仲。十八太子伋弟壽爭死。十四曹莊公射姑元年四十三
700二十十二三十一四十一十一十九七公淫蔡,蔡殺公。十五鄭厲公突元年十一
699二十一十三三十二釐公令毋知秩服如太子。四十二十二衛惠公朔元年陳莊公林元年桓公子。十六十二
698二十二十四三十三六三父殺出子,立其兄武公。四十三十三十七三諸侯伐我,報宋故。十三
697甲申二十三十五天王求車,非禮。齊襄公諸兒元年貶毋知秩服,毋知怨。秦武公元年伐彭,至華山。四十四十四三朔奔齊,立黔牟。十八四祭仲立忽,公出居櫟。燕桓侯元年
696莊王元年生子穨。十六公會曹,謀伐鄭。十一四十五十五衛黔牟元年十九鄭昭公忽元年忽母鄧女,祭仲取之。
695二有弟克。十七日食,不書日,官失之。十二四十六十六二十二渠彌殺昭公。
694十八公與夫人如齊,齊侯通焉,使彭生殺公於車上。四殺魯桓公,誅彭生。十三四十七十七蔡哀侯獻舞元年鄭子亹元年齊殺子亹,昭公弟子。
693四周公欲殺王而立子克,王誅周公,克奔燕。魯莊公同元年十四四十八十八鄭子嬰元年子亹之弟。
692十五四十九十九陳宣公杵臼元年杵臼,莊公弟。
691十六五十宋湣公捷元年十一
690八伐紀,去其都邑。十七五十一王伐,隨告夫人心動,王卒軍中。十二燕莊公元年
689五與齊伐衛,納惠公。十八楚文王貲元年始都郢。十三
688十九二伐申,過鄧,鄧甥曰楚可取,鄧侯不許。十四
687甲午七星隕如雨,與雨偕。十一二十十一十齊立惠公,黔牟奔周。十五
686十一八子糾來奔,與管仲俱避毋知亂。十二毋知殺君自立。二十一十二衛惠公朔復入。十四年十六
685十二九魯欲與糾入,後小白,齊距魯,使生致管仲。齊桓公小白元年春,齊殺毋知。二十二十三十五十七
684十三十齊伐我,為糾故。二十三十四六息夫人,陳女,過蔡,蔡不禮,惡之。楚伐蔡,獲哀侯以歸。十六十一楚虜我侯。十八
683十四十一臧文仲弔宋水。二十四十五九宋大水,公自罪。魯使臧文仲來弔。十七十二十九十一
682十五十二二十五十六十萬殺君,仇牧有義。十八十一十三二十十二
681釐王元年十三曹沫劫桓公。反所亡地。五與魯人會柯。二十六十七宋桓公御說元年莊公子。十九十二十四二十一十三
680十四二十七十八二十十三十五二十二十四十一
679十五七始霸,會諸侯于鄄。二十八曲沃武公滅晉侯湣,以寶獻周,周命武公為晉君,并其地。十九十一二十一十四十六二十三鄭厲公元年厲公亡後十七歲復入。十二
678十六晉武公稱并晉,已立三十八年,不更元,因其元年。二十葬雍,初以人從死。十二伐鄧滅之。二十二十五十七二十四二諸侯伐我。十三
677甲辰十七三十九武公卒,子詭諸立,為獻公。秦德公元年武公弟。十三二十三十六十八二十五十四
676惠王元年取陳后。十八晉獻公詭諸元年二初作伏,祠社,磔狗邑四門。楚堵敖谡元年二十四十七十九二十六十五
675二燕、衛伐王,王奔溫,立子穨。十九十一秦宣公元年七取衛女。文公弟。二十五十八二十二十七十六伐王,王奔溫,立子穨。
674二十十二二十六十九蔡穆侯肸元年二十八十七鄭執我仲父。
673四誅穨,入惠王。二十一十三二十七二十二十九七救周亂,入王。十八
672五太子母早死。惠后生叔帶。二十二十四陳完自陳來奔,田常始此也。五伐驪戎,得姬。四作密畤。五弟惲殺堵敖自立。二十八二十一厲公子完奔齊。三十鄭文公捷元年十九
671二十三公如齊觀社。十五楚成王惲元年十一二十九二十二三十一二十
670二十四十六十二三十二十三曹釐公夷元年二十一
669二十五十七八盡殺故晉侯群公子。十三三十一二十四二十二
668二十六十八九始城絳都。十四衛懿公赤元年二十五二十三
667甲寅十賜齊侯命。二十七十九十五二十六二十四
666十一二十八二十十一十六二十七二十五
665十二二十九二十一十二太子申生居曲沃,重耳居蒲城,夷吾居屈。驪姬故。十一十七二十八二十六
664十三三十二十二十三十二十八二十九十一二十七
663十四三十一二十三伐山戎,為燕也。十四秦成公元年十九三十十二二十八
662十五三十二莊公弟叔牙鴆死。慶父弒子般。季友奔陳,立湣公。二十四十五二十三十一十三十一二十九
661十六魯湣公開元年二十五十六滅魏、耿、霍。始封趙夙耿,畢萬魏,始此。十一二十一三十二十四曹昭公元年十二三十
660十七二慶父殺湣公。季友自陳立申,為釐公。殺慶父。二十六十七申生將軍,君子知其廢。十二二十二翟伐我。公好鶴,士不戰,滅我國。國怨,惠公亂,滅其後,更立黔牟弟。衛戴公元年三十三十五十三三十一
659十八魯釐公申元年哀姜喪自齊至。二十七殺女弟魯莊公夫人,淫故。十八秦穆公任好元年十三二十三衛文公燬元年戴公弟也。三十四十六十四三十二
658十九二十八為衛築楚丘。救戎狄伐。十九荀息以幣假道于虞以伐虢,滅下陽。十四二十四二齊桓公率諸侯為我城楚丘。三十五十七十五三十三
657甲子二十二十九與蔡姬共舟,蕩公,公怒,歸蔡姬。二十十五二十五三十六十八以女故,齊伐我。十六燕襄公元年
656二十一三十率諸侯伐蔡,蔡潰,遂伐楚,責包茅貢。二十一申生以驪姬讒自殺。重耳奔蒲,夷吾奔屈。四迎婦于晉。十六齊伐我,至陘,使屈完盟。二十六三十七十九十七
655二十二三十一二十二滅虞、虢。重耳奔狄。十七二十七三十八二十十八
654二十三三十二率諸侯伐鄭。二十三夷吾奔梁。十八伐許,許君肉袒謝,楚從之。二十八三十九二十一十九
653二十四三十三二十四十九二十九四十二十二二十
652二十五襄王立,畏太叔。三十四二十五伐翟,以重耳故。二十三十公疾,太子茲父讓兄目夷賢,公不聽。四十一二十三曹共公元年二十一
651襄王元年諸侯立王。九齊率我伐晉亂,至高梁還。三十五夏,會諸侯于葵丘。天子使宰孔賜胙,命無拜。二十六公卒,立奚齊,里克殺之。及卓子。立夷吾。九夷吾使郤芮賂,求入。二十一三十一公薨,未葬,齊桓會葵丘。四十二二十四二十二
650三十六使隰朋立晉惠公。晉惠公夷吾元年誅里克,倍秦約。十丕鄭子豹亡來。二十二宋襄公茲父元年目夷相。四十三二十五二十三
649三戎伐我,太叔帶召之。欲誅叔帶,叔帶奔齊。十一三十七十一救王伐戎,戎去。二十三伐黃。十一四十四二十六二十四有妾夢天與之蘭,生穆公蘭。
648十二三十八使管仲平戎于周,欲以上卿禮,讓,受下卿。十二二十四十二四十五二十七二十五
647甲戌十三三十九使仲孫請王,言叔帶,王怒。四饑,請粟,秦與我。十三丕豹欲無與,公不聽,輸晉粟,起雍至絳。二十五十三陳穆公款元年二十八二十六十一
646十四四十五秦饑,請粟,晉倍之。十四二十六滅六、英。十四二十九二十七十二
645十五五月,日有食之。不書,史官失之。四十一六秦虜惠公,復立之。十五以盜食善馬士得破晉。二十七十五蔡莊侯甲午元年二十八十三
644十六四十二王以戎寇告齊,齊徵諸侯戍周。七重耳聞管仲死,去翟之齊。十六為河東置官司。二十八七隕五石。六鷁退飛,過我都。十六二十九十四
643十七四十三十七二十九十七三十十五
642十八齊孝公昭元年十八三十十八十一三十一十六
641十一十九十九滅梁。梁好城,不居,民罷,相驚,故亡。三十一十九十二三十二十七
640十二二十十一二十三十二十一二十十三三十三十八
639十三二十一十二二十一三十三執宋襄公,復歸之。十二召楚盟。二十一十四三十四十九
638十四叔帶復歸於周。二十二五歸王弟帶。十三太子圉質秦亡歸。二十二三十四十三泓之戰,楚敗公。二十二十五三十五君如楚,宋伐我。二十
637甲申十五二十三六伐宋,以其不同盟。十四圉立,為懷公。二十三迎重耳於楚,厚禮之,妻之女。重耳願歸。三十五重耳過,厚禮之。十四公疾死泓戰。二十三重耳從齊過,無禮。十一十六重耳過,無禮,僖負羈私善。三十六重耳過,無禮,叔詹諫。二十一
636十六王奔汜。汜,鄭地也。二十四晉文公元年誅子圉。魏武子為魏大夫,趙衰為原大夫。咎犯曰「求霸莫如內王。」二十四以兵送重耳。三十六宋成公王臣元年二十四十二十七三十七二十二
635十七晉納王。二十五二十五欲內王,軍河上。三十七二十五十三十一十八三十八二十三
634十八二十六三宋服。二十六三十八三倍楚親晉。衛成公鄭元年十四十二十九三十九二十四
633十九二十七十孝公薨,弟潘因衛公子開方殺孝公子,立潘。四救宋,報曹、衛恥。二十七三十九使子玉伐宋。四楚伐我,我告急於晉。十五十三二十四十二十五
632二十王狩河陽。二十八公如踐土會朝。齊昭公潘元年會晉敗楚,朝周王。五侵曹伐衛,取五鹿,執曹伯。諸侯敗楚而朝河陽,周命賜公土地。二十八會晉伐楚朝周。四十晉敗子玉于城濮。五晉救我,楚兵去。三晉伐我,取五鹿。公出奔,立公子瑕會晉朝,復歸衛。十六會晉伐楚,朝周王。十四會晉伐楚,朝周王。二十一晉伐我,執公,復歸之。四十一二十六
631二十一二十九二十九四十一四晉以衛與宋。陳共公朔元年十五二十二四十二二十七
630二十二三十七聽周歸衛成公。與秦圍鄭。三十圍鄭,有言即去。四十二五周入成公,復衛。十六二十三四十三秦、晉圍我,以晉故。二十八
629二十三三十一三十一四十三十七二十四四十四二十九
628二十四三十二九文公薨。三十二將襲鄭,蹇叔曰不可。四十四十八二十五四十五文公薨。三十
627甲午二十五三十三僖公薨。六狄侵我。晉襄公驩元年破秦于殽。三十三襲鄭,晉敗我殽。四十五十九二十六鄭穆公蘭元年秦襲我,弦高詐之。三十一
626二十六魯文公興元年二伐衛,衛伐我。三十四敗殽將亡歸,公復其官。四十六王欲殺太子立職,太子恐,與傅潘崇殺王。王欲食熊蹯死,不聽。自立為王。十一九晉伐我,我伐晉。二十二十七三十二
625二十七三秦報我殽,敗于汪。三十五伐晉報殽,敗我于汪。楚穆王商臣元年以其太子宅賜崇,為相。十二二十一二十八三十三
624二十八三公如晉。四秦伐我,取王官,我不出。三十六以孟明等伐晉,晉不敢出。二晉伐我。十三十一二十二二十九三十四
623二十九五伐秦,圍邧、新城。三十七晉伐我,圍邧、新城。三滅江。十四十二公如晉。二十三三十三十五
622三十十一六趙成子、欒貞子、霍伯、臼季皆卒。三十八四滅六、蓼。十五十三二十四三十一三十六
621三十一十二七公卒。趙盾為太子少,欲更立君,恐誅,遂立太子為靈公。三十九繆公薨。葬殉以人,從死者百七十人,君子譏之,故不言卒。十六十四十一二十五三十二三十七
620三十二十三晉靈公夷皋元年趙盾專政。秦康公罃元年十七公孫固殺成公。十五十二二十六三十三三十八
619三十三襄王崩。八王使衛來求金以葬,非禮。十四二秦伐我,取武城,報令孤之戰。宋昭公杵臼元年襄公之子。十六十三二十七三十四三十九
618頃王元年十五三率諸侯救鄭。八伐鄭,以其服晉。十七十四二十八三十五十楚伐我。四十
617甲辰十六四伐秦,拔少梁。秦取我北徵。四晉伐我,取少梁。我伐晉取北徵。十八十五二十九曹文公壽元年十一燕桓公元年
616十一敗長翟于鹹而歸,得長翟。十七四敗長翟長丘。十九十六三十十二
615十二十八六秦取我羈馬。與秦戰河曲,秦師遁。六伐晉,取羈馬。怒,與我大戰河曲。十一二十十七三十一十三
614十三十九七得隨會。七晉詐得隨會。十二二十一十八三十二十四
613六頃王崩。公卿爭政,故不赴。十四彗星入北斗,周史曰:七年,宋、齊、晉君死。二十昭公卒。弟商人殺太子自立,是為懿公。八趙盾以車八百乘納捷菑,平王室。楚莊王侶元年二十二陳靈公平國元年三十三十五
612匡王元年十五六月辛丑,日蝕,齊伐我。齊懿公商人元年九我入蔡。二十三三十四晉伐我。莊侯薨。六齊入我郛。十六
611十六二不得民心。三滅庸。九襄夫人使衛伯殺昭公。弟鮑立。二十四蔡文侯申元年十七
610十七齊伐我。三伐魯。十一率諸侯平宋。十一宋文公鮑元年昭公弟。晉率諸侯平我。二十五十八
609十八襄仲殺嫡,立庶子為宣公。四公刖邴歜父而奪閻職妻,二人共殺公,立桓公子惠公。十二十二二十六十九
608魯宣公俀元年魯立宣公,不正,公室卑。齊惠公元元年取魯濟西之田。十三趙盾救陳、宋,伐鄭。秦共公和元年六伐宋、陳,以倍我服晉故。三楚、鄭伐我,以我倍楚故也。二十七二十與楚侵陳,遂侵宋。晉使趙盾伐我,以倍晉故。
607甲寅六匡王崩。二王子成父敗長翟。十四趙穿殺靈公,趙盾使穿迎公子黑诈于周,立之。趙氏賜公族。四華元以羊羹故陷於鄭。二十八十一二十一與宋師戰,獲華元。十一
606定王元年晉成公黑诈元年伐鄭。八伐陸渾,至雒,問鼎輕重。五贖華元,亡歸。圍曹。二十九十二宋圍我。二十二華元亡歸。十二
605九若敖氏為亂,滅之。伐鄭。三十十三鄭靈公夷元年公子歸生以黿故殺靈公。十三
604三中行桓子荀林父救鄭,伐陳。三十一十楚伐鄭,與我平。晉中行桓子距楚,救鄭,伐我。十四鄭襄公堅元年靈公庶弟。楚伐我,晉來救。十四
603四與衛侵陳。秦桓公元年十一三十二與晉侵陳。十一晉、衛侵我。十五十五
602十二三十三十二十六十六
601八七月,日蝕。六與魯伐秦,獲秦諜,殺之絳市,六日而蘇。三晉伐我,獲諜。十三伐陳,滅舒蓼。三十四十三楚伐我。十一十七燕宣公元年
600七使桓子伐楚。以諸侯師伐陳救鄭。成公薨。十四伐鄭,晉郤缺救鄭,敗我。十一三十五十四十二十八五楚伐我,晉來救,敗楚師。
599十四月,日蝕。十公卒。崔杼有寵,高、國逐之,奔衛。晉景公據元年與宋伐鄭。十五十二衛穆公鸱元年齊崔杼來奔。十五夏徵舒以其母辱,殺靈公。十三十九六晉、宋、楚伐我。
598十一齊頃公無野元年十六率諸侯誅陳夏徵舒,立陳靈公子午。十三陳成公午元年靈公太子。十四二十
597甲子十二三救鄭,為楚所敗河上。十七圍鄭,鄭伯肉袒謝,釋之。十四伐陳。十五二十一八楚圍我,我卑辭以解。
596十一十三十八十五十六二十二
595十二十四五伐鄭。十九圍宋,為殺使者。十六殺楚使者,楚圍我。十七二十三文公薨。十晉伐我。
594十三十五初稅畝。六救宋,執解揚,有使節。秦伐我。二十圍宋。五月,華元告子反以誠,楚罷。十七華元告楚,楚去。十八曹宣公廬元年十一佐楚伐宋,執解揚。
593十四十六七隨會滅赤翟。十一二十一十八十九十二
592十五十七日蝕。七晉使郤克來齊,婦人笑之,克怒,歸去。八使郤克使齊,婦人笑之,克怒歸。十二二十二十九二十文侯薨。十三
591十六十八宣公薨。八晉伐敗我。九伐齊,質子彊,兵罷。十三二十三莊王薨。二十蔡景侯固元年十四十一
590十七魯成公黑肱元年春,齊取我隆。十四楚共王審元年二十一十五十二
589十八二與晉伐齊,齊歸我汶陽,竊與楚盟。十晉郤克敗公於鞍,虜逢丑父。十一與魯、曹敗齊。十五二秋,申公巫臣竊徵舒母奔晉,以為邢大夫。冬,伐衛、魯,救齊。二十二十一穆公薨。與諸侯敗齊,反侵地。楚伐我。十六十三
588十九三會晉、宋、衛、曹伐鄭。十一頃公如晉,欲王晉,晉不敢受。十二始置六卿。率諸侯伐鄭。十六宋共公瑕元年衛定公臧元年十一七伐鄭。十七晉率諸侯伐我。十四
587甲戌二十四公如晉,晉不敬,公欲倍晉合於楚。十二十三魯公來,不敬。十七四子反救鄭。十二十八晉欒書取我氾。襄公薨。十五
586二十一定王崩。十三十四梁山崩。伯宗隱其人而用其言。十八五伐鄭,倍我故也。鄭悼公來訟。十三鄭悼公費元年公如楚訟。燕昭公元年
585簡王元年十四十五使欒書救鄭,遂侵蔡。十九十四七晉侵我。二悼公薨。楚伐我,晉使欒書來救。吳壽夢元年
584十五十六以巫臣始通於吳而謀楚。二十七伐鄭。十五十一鄭成公睔元年悼公弟也。楚伐我。二臣巫來,謀伐楚。
583十六十七復趙武田邑。侵蔡。二十一十六九晉伐我。十二
582十七頃公薨。十八執鄭成公,伐鄭。秦伐我。二十二伐晉。九救鄭。冬,與晉成。十七十三三與楚盟。公如晉,執公伐我。
581十公如晉送葬,諱之。齊靈公環元年十九二十三十八十一十四四晉率諸侯伐我。
580十一晉厲公壽曼元年二十四與晉侯夾河盟,歸,倍盟。十一十九十二十五
579十二二十五十二二十十三十六
578十三會晉伐秦。四伐秦。三伐秦至涇,敗之,獲其將成差。二十六晉率諸侯伐我。十三十一晉率我伐秦。十一二十一十四十七晉率我伐秦。七晉率我伐秦。
577甲申十四二十七十四十二十二定公薨。二十二十五曹成公負芻元年
576十五始與吳通,會鍾離。五三郤讒伯宗,殺之,伯宗好直諫。秦景公元年十五許畏鄭,請徙葉。十三華元奔晉,復還。衛獻公衎元年二十三十六二晉執我公以歸。十一十與魯會鍾離。
575十一十六宣伯告晉,欲殺季文子,文子得以義脫。六敗楚鄢陵。十六救鄭,不利。子反醉,軍敗,殺子反歸。宋平公成元年二十四十七十倍晉盟楚,晉伐我,楚來救。十二十一
574十二十七十七二十五十八十一十三昭公薨。十二
573十三十八成公薨。八欒書中行偃殺厲公,立襄公曾孫,為悼公。十八為魚石伐宋彭城。三楚伐彭城,封魚石。二十六十九十二與楚伐宋。燕武公元年十三
572十四簡王崩。魯襄公午元年圍宋彭城。十晉伐我,使太子光質於晉。晉悼公元年圍宋彭城。十九侵宋,救鄭。四楚侵我,取犬丘。晉誅魚石,歸我彭城。五圍宋彭城。二十七二十十三晉伐敗我,兵次洧上,楚來救。十四
571靈王元年生有髭。二會晉城虎牢。十一二率諸侯伐鄭,城虎牢。二十二十八二十一十四成公薨。晉率諸侯伐我。十五
570十二三魏絳辱楊干。二十一使子重伐吳,至衡山。使何忌侵陳。二十九倍楚盟,楚侵我。二十二鄭釐公惲元年十六楚伐我。
569四公如晉。十三四魏絳說和戎、狄,狄朝晉。二十二伐陳。三十楚伐我。成公薨。二十三十七
568五季文子卒。十四二十三伐陳。陳哀公弱元年二十四十八
567甲午十五二十四二十五十一十九
566十六十一二十五圍陳。十一三楚圍我,為公亡歸。二十六十二五子駟使賊夜殺釐公,詐以病卒赴諸侯。二十
565八公如晉。十七十二二十六伐鄭。十一十二二十七鄭侵我。十三鄭簡公嘉元年釐公子。二十一
564九與晉伐鄭,會河上,問公年十二,可冠,冠於衛。十八與晉伐鄭。九率齊、魯、宋、衛、曹伐鄭。秦伐我。十三伐晉,楚為我援。二十七伐鄭,師于武城,為秦。十二晉率我伐鄭。十三晉率我伐鄭。師曹鞭公幸妾。二十八十四晉率我伐鄭。二誅子駟。晉率諸侯伐我,我與盟。楚怒,伐我。二十二
563九王叔奔晉。十楚、鄭侵我西鄙。十九令太子光、高厚會諸侯鍾離。十率諸侯伐鄭。荀罃伐秦。十四晉伐我。二十八使子囊救鄭。十三鄭伐我,衛來救。十四救宋。二十九十五三晉率諸侯伐我,楚來救。子孔作亂,子產攻之十一二十三
562十一三桓分為三軍,各將軍。二十十一率諸侯伐鄭,秦敗我櫟。公曰:「吾用魏絳九合諸侯,」賜之樂。十五我使庶長鮑伐晉救鄭,敗之櫟。二十九與鄭伐宋。十四楚、鄭伐我。十五伐鄭。三十十六四與楚伐宋,晉率諸侯伐我,秦來救。十二二十四
561十一十二公如晉。二十一十二十六三十十五十六三十一十七十三二十五壽夢卒。
560十二十三二十二十三十七三十一吳伐我,敗之。共王薨。十六十七三十二十八十四吳諸樊元年楚敗我。
559十三十四日蝕。二十三衛獻公來奔。十四率諸侯大夫伐秦,敗棫林。十八晉諸侯大夫伐我,敗棫林。楚康王昭元年共王太子出奔吳。十七十八孫文子攻公,公奔齊,立定公弟狄。三十三十九十五二季子讓位。楚伐我。
558十四十五日蝕。齊伐我。二十四伐魯。十五悼公薨。十九十八衛殤公狄元年定公弟。十一三十四二十十六
557甲辰十五十六齊伐我。地震。齊復伐我北鄙。二十五伐魯。晉平公彪元年我敗楚于湛阪。二十三晉伐我,敗湛阪。十九十二三十五二十一十七
556十六十七齊伐我北鄙。二十六伐魯。二十一二十伐陳。三伐曹。十三宋伐我。三十六二十二衛伐我。十八
555十七十八與晉伐齊。二十七晉圍臨淄。晏嬰。三率魯、宋、鄭、衛圍齊,大破之。二十二五伐鄭。二十一晉率我伐齊。十四三十七二十三成公薨。十一晉率我圍齊。楚伐我。十九武公薨。
554十八十九二十八廢光,立子牙為太子。光與崔杼殺牙自立。晉、衛伐我。四與衛伐齊。二十三二十二五晉率我伐齊。十五三十八曹武公勝元年十二子產為卿。燕文公元年
553十九二十日蝕。齊莊公元年二十四二十三十六三十九十三
552二十二十一公如晉。日再蝕。六魯襄公來。殺羊舌虎。二十五二十四十七四十十四
551二十一二十二孔子生。三晉欒逞來奔,晏嬰曰「不如歸之」。七欒逞奔齊。二十六二十五十八四十一十五
550二十二二十三四欲遣欒逞入曲沃伐晉,取朝歌。二十七二十六九齊伐我。十九四十二十六十一
549二十三二十四侵齊。日再蝕。五畏晉通楚,晏子謀。二十八十一與齊通。率陳、蔡伐鄭救齊。二十七二十楚率我伐鄭。四十三楚率我伐鄭。十七范宣子為政。我請伐陳。十二
548二十四二十五齊伐我北鄙,以報孝伯之師。六晉伐我,報朝歌。崔杼以莊公通其妻,殺之,立其弟,為景公。十伐齊至高唐,報太行之役。二十九公如晉,盟不結。十二吳伐我,以報舟師之役,射殺吳王。二十八十一二十一鄭伐我。四十四十八伐陳,入陳。燕懿公元年十三諸樊伐楚,迫巢門,傷射以薨。
547甲寅二十五二十六齊景公杵臼元年如晉,請歸衛獻公。十一誅衛殤公,復入獻公。三十十三率陳、蔡伐鄭。二十九十二齊、晉殺殤公,復內獻公。二十二楚率我伐鄭。四十五十九楚率陳、蔡伐我。吳餘祭元年
546二十六二十七日蝕。二慶封欲專,誅崔氏,杼自殺。十二三十一十四三十衛獻公衎後元年二十三四十六二十
545二十七二十八公如楚。葬康王。三冬,鮑、高、欒氏謀慶封,發兵攻慶封,慶封奔吳。十三三十二十五康王薨。三十一二十四四十七二十一四懿公薨。三齊慶封來奔。
544景王元年二十九吳季札來觀周樂,盡知樂所為。四吳季札來使,與晏嬰歡。十四吳季札來,曰「晉政卒歸韓、魏、趙。」三十三楚熊郟敖元年三十二二十五四十八十一二十二吳季札謂子產曰:政將歸子,子以禮,幸脫於厄矣。」燕惠公元年齊高止來奔。四守門閽殺餘祭。季札使諸侯。
543三十十五三十四三十三衛襄公惡元年二十六四十九為太子取楚女,公通焉,太子殺公自立。十二二十三諸公子爭寵相殺,又欲殺子產,子成止之。
542三十一襄公薨。十六三十五三王季父圍為令尹。三十四二十七蔡靈侯班元年十三二十四
541魯昭公稠元年昭公年十九,有童心。十七秦后子來奔。三十六公弟后子奔晉,車千乘。四令尹圍殺郟敖,自立為靈王。三十五二十八十四二十五
540二公如晉,至河,晉謝還之。八田無宇送女。十八齊田無宇來送女。三十七楚靈王圍元年共王子,肘玉。三十六二十九十五二十六
539九晏嬰使晉,見叔向,曰「齊政歸田氏。」叔向曰:「晉公室卑。」十九三十八三十七三十十六二十七夏,如晉。冬,如楚。六公欲殺公卿立幸臣,公卿誅幸臣,公恐,出奔齊。
538四稱病不會楚。二十三十九三夏,合諸侯宋地,盟。伐吳朱方,誅慶封。冬,報我,取三城。三十八六稱病不會楚。三十一十七稱病不會楚。二十八子產曰:三國不會。十楚誅慶封。
537甲子十一二十一秦后子歸秦。四十公卒。后子自晉歸。四率諸侯伐吳。三十九三十二十八二十九十一楚率諸侯伐我。
536十二公如晉,請伐燕,入其君。二十二齊景公來,請伐燕,入其君。秦哀公元年五伐吳,次乾谿。四十三十三十九三十九齊伐我。十二楚伐我,次乾谿。
535七季武子卒。日蝕。十三入燕君。二十三入燕君。六執芋尹亡人入章華。四十一九夫人姜氏無子。三十四二十三十一燕悼公元年惠公歸至卒。十三
534十一八公如楚,楚留之。賀章華臺。十四二十四七就章華臺,內亡人實之。滅陳。四十二衛靈公元年三十五弟招作亂,哀公自殺。二十一三十二十四
533十二十五二十五八弟棄疾將兵定陳。四十三陳惠公吳元年哀公孫也。楚來定我。二十二三十三十五
532十三十六二十六春,有星出婺女。七月,公薨。四十四平公薨。十一二十三三十四十六
531十四十一十七晉昭公夷元年十醉殺蔡侯,使棄疾圍之。棄疾居之,為蔡侯。宋元公佐元年十二靈侯如楚,楚殺之,使棄疾居之,為蔡侯。二十四三十五十七
530十五十二朝晉至河,晉謝之歸。十八公如晉。十一王伐徐以恐吳,次乾谿。民罷於役,怨王。五公如晉,朝嗣君。蔡侯廬元年景侯子。二十五三十六公如晉。吳餘昧元年
529十六十三十九十二棄疾作亂自立,靈王自殺。復陳、蔡。五楚平王復陳,立惠公。二楚平王復我,立景侯子廬。二十六鄭定公寧元年
528十七十四二十楚平王居元年共王子,抱玉。二十七燕共公元年
527甲戌十八后太子卒。十五日蝕。公如晉,晉留之葬,公恥之。二十一二王為太子取秦女,好,自取之。曹平公須元年
526十九十六二十二六公卒。六卿彊,公室卑矣。十一吳僚元年
525二十十七五月朔,日蝕。彗星見辰。二十三晉頃公去疾元年十二四與吳戰。五火,欲禳之,子產曰:不如脩德。二與楚戰。
524二十一十八二十四十三八火。十一火。十火。四平公薨。六火。五共公薨。
523二十二十九地震。二十五十四十二十一曹悼公午元年燕平公元年
522二十三二十齊景公與晏子狩,入魯問禮。二十六獵魯界,因入魯。十五七誅伍奢、尚,太子建奔宋,伍胥奔吳。十公毋信。詐殺諸公子。楚太子建來奔,見亂,之鄭。十三十二九平侯薨。靈侯孫東國殺平侯子而自立。八楚太子建從宋來奔。五伍員來奔。
521二十四二十一公如晉至河,晉謝之,歸。日蝕。二十七十六八蔡侯來奔。十一十四十三蔡悼侯東國元年奔楚。
520二十五二十二日蝕。二十八六周室亂,公平亂,立敬王。十七十二十五十四
519敬王元年二十三地震。二十九十八十吳伐敗我。十三十六十五吳敗我兵,取胡、沈。十一楚建作亂,殺之。八公子光敗楚。
518二十四⒧鵒來巢。三十十九十一吳卑梁人爭桑,伐取我鍾離。十四十七十六蔡昭侯申元年悼侯弟。十二公如晉,請內王。
517甲申二十五公欲誅季氏,三桓氏攻公,公出居鄆。三十一二十十二十五十八十七十三
516二十六齊取我鄆以處公。三十二彗星見。晏子曰:「田氏有德於齊,可畏。」十知櫟、趙鞅內王於王城。二十一十三欲立子西,子西不肯。秦女子立,為昭王。宋景公頭曼元年十九十八十四十一
515二十七三十三十一二十二楚昭王珍元年誅無忌以說眾。二十十九十五十二公子光使專諸殺僚,自立。
514二十八公如晉,求入,晉弗聽,處之乾侯。三十四十二六卿誅公族,分其邑。各使其子為大夫。二十三二十一二十曹襄公元年十六吳闔閭元年
513二十九公自乾侯如鄆。齊侯曰:主君。公恥之,復之乾侯。三十五十三二十四二十二二十一鄭獻公蠆元年十一
512三十三十六十四頃公薨。二十五四吳三公子來奔,封以扞吳。二十三二十二十二三三公子奔楚。
511三十一日蝕。三十七晉定公午元年二十六五吳伐我六、潛。二十四二十三十三四伐楚六、潛。
510十晉使諸侯為我築城。三十二公卒乾侯。三十八二率諸侯為周築城。二十七二十五二十四五平公弟通殺襄公自立。十四
509十一魯定公宋元年昭公喪自乾侯至。三十九二十八七囊瓦伐吳,敗我豫章。蔡侯來朝。二十六二十五十朝楚,以裘故留。曹隱公元年十五六楚伐我,迎擊,敗之,取楚之居巢。
508十二四十二十九二十七二十六十一十六
507甲午十三四十一三十九蔡昭侯留三歲,得裘,故歸。二十八二十七十二與子常裘,得歸,如晉,請伐楚。十七
506十四與晉率諸侯侵楚。四十二六周與我率諸侯侵楚。三十一楚包胥請救。十吳、蔡伐我,入郢,昭王亡。伍子胥鞭平王墓。十一二十九與蔡爭長。二十八十三與衛爭長。楚侵我,吳與我伐楚,入郢。十八九與蔡伐楚,入郢。
505十五五陽虎執季桓子,與盟,釋之。日蝕。四十三三十二十一秦救至,吳去,昭王復入。十二三十陳懷公柳元年十四曹靖公路元年十九
504十六王子朝之徒作亂故,王奔晉。四十四三十三十二吳伐我番,楚恐,徙鄀。十三三十一十五十魯侵我。燕簡公元年十一伐楚,取番。
503十七劉子迎王,晉入王。七齊伐我。四十五侵衛。伐魯。九入周敬王。三十四十三十四三十二齊侵我。十六十一十二
502十八八陽虎欲伐三桓,三桓攻陽虎,虎奔陽關。四十六魯伐我。我伐魯。十伐衛。三十五十四子西為民泣,民亦泣,蔡昭侯恐。十五三十三晉、魯侵伐我。四公如吳,吳留之,因死吳。十七四靖公薨。十二十三陳懷公來,留之,死於吳。
501十九九伐陽虎,虎奔齊。四十七囚陽虎,虎奔晉。十一陽虎來奔。三十六哀公薨。十五十六陽虎來奔。三十四陳湣公越元年十八曹伯陽元年十三獻公薨。十四
500二十十公會齊侯於夾谷。孔子相。齊歸我地。四十八十二秦惠公元年彗星見。十六十七三十五十九鄭聲公勝元年鄭益弱。十五
499二十一十一四十九十三二生躁公、懷公、簡公。十七十八三十六二十三國人有夢眾君子立社宮,謀亡曹,振鐸請待公孫彊,許之。十六
498二十二十二齊來歸女樂,季桓子受之,孔子行。五十遺魯女樂。十四十八十九三十七伐曹。二十一四衛伐我。十七
497甲辰二十三十三五十一十五趙鞅伐范、中行。十九二十三十八孔子來,祿之如魯。二十二十八
496二十四十四五十二十六二十二十一三十九太子蒯聵出奔。六孔子來。二十三六公孫彊好射,獻鴈,君使為司城,夢者子行。五子產卒。十九伐越,敗我,傷闔閭指,以死。
495二十五十五定公薨。日蝕。五十三十七二十一滅胡。以吳敗,我倍之。二十二鄭伐我。四十二十四六伐宋。吳王夫差元年
494二十六魯哀公將元年五十四伐晉。十八趙鞅圍范、中行朝歌。齊、衛伐我。二十二率諸侯圍蔡。二十三四十一伐晉。八吳伐我。二十五楚伐我,以吳怨故。十一二伐越。
493二十七五十五輸范、中行氏粟。十九趙鞅圍范、中行,鄭來救,我敗之。二十三二十四四十二靈公薨。蒯聵子輒立。晉納太子蒯聵于戚。二十六畏楚,私召吳人,乞遷于州來,州來近吳。八救范、中行氏,與趙鞅戰於鐵,敗我師。十二
492二十八三地震。五十六二十二十四二十五孔子過宋,桓魋惡之。衛出公輒元年二十七十宋伐我。燕獻公元年
491二十九五十七乞救范氏。二十一趙鞅拔邯鄲、柏人,有之。十惠公薨。二十五二十六十一二十八大夫共誅昭侯。十一
490三十五十八景公薨。立嬖姬子為太子。二十二趙鞅敗范中行,中行奔齊。伐衛。秦悼公元年二十六二十七三晉伐我,救范氏故。十二蔡成侯朔元年十二十一
489三十一齊晏孺子元年田乞詐立陽生,殺孺子。二十三二十七救陳,王死城父。二十八伐曹。十三吳伐我,楚來救。十三宋伐我。十二七伐陳。
488三十二七公會吳王于繒。吳徵百牢,季康子使子貢謝之。齊悼公陽生元年二十四侵衛。楚惠王章元年二十九侵鄭,圍曹。五晉侵我。十四十四宋圍我,鄭救我。十三八魯會我繒。
487甲寅三十三八吳為邾伐我,至城下,盟而去。齊取我三邑。二伐魯,取三邑。二十五二子西召建子勝於吳,為白公。三十曹倍我,我滅之。十五十五宋滅曹,虜伯陽。十四九伐魯。
486三十四二十六三伐陳,陳與吳故。三十一鄭圍我,敗之于雍丘。十六倍楚,與吳成。十五圍宋,敗我師雍丘,伐我。
485三十五十與吳伐齊。四吳、魯伐我。鮑子殺悼公,齊人立其子壬為簡公。二十七使趙鞅伐齊。四伐陳。三十二伐鄭。八孔子自陳來。十七十六十一與魯伐齊救陳。誅五員。
484三十六十一齊伐我。冉有言,故迎孔子,孔子歸。齊簡公元年魯與吳敗我。二十八三十三九孔子歸魯。十八十七十二與魯敗齊。
483三十七十二與吳會橐皋。用田賦。二十九六白公勝數請子西伐鄭,以父怨故。三十四十公如晉,與吳會橐皋。十九十八宋伐我。十三與魯會橐皋。
482三十八十三與吳會黃池。三十與吳會黃池,爭長。七伐陳。三十五鄭敗我師。十一二十十九敗宋師。十一十四與晉會黃池。
481三十九十四西狩獲麟。衛出公來奔。四田常殺簡公,立其弟驁,為平公,常相之,專國權。三十一三十六十二父蒯聵入,輒出亡。二十一二十十二十五
480四十十五子服景伯使齊,子貢為介,齊歸我侵地。齊平公驁元年景公孫也。齊自是稱田氏。三十二十一三十七熒惑守心,子韋曰「善。」衛莊公蒯聵元年二十二十一二十一十三十六
479四十一十六孔子卒。三十三十二十白公勝殺令尹子西,攻惠王。葉公攻白公,白公自殺。惠王復國。三十八二十三楚滅陳,殺湣公。十二二十二十四十七
478四十二十七三十四十三十一三十九三莊公辱戎州人,戎州人與趙簡子攻莊公,出奔。十三二十三十五十八越敗我。
477甲子四十三敬王崩。十八二十七卒。四二十五卒。三十五三十七卒。十四卒,子厲共公立。十二五十七卒。四十六十四卒。衛君起元年石傅逐起出,輒復入。十四十九卒二十四三十八卒。十六二十八卒。十九二十三卒。
BCE1YearZhouLuQiJinQinChuSongWeiChenCaiCaoZhengYanWu
84021611First year of Marquis Li of Jin, Situ.58191515242525
83931712269201616252626
838418133710211717262727
837Jiazi5191448Chu Xiong Yan first year221818First year of Marquis Yi of Cai.2828
8366201559223191922929
83572116610324202033030
8348221771142521214First year of Earl You of Cao, Qiang.31
8339231881252622225232
83210241991362723236333
831112520101472824Chen Li Gong Xiao first year7434
83012262111158First year of Duke Hui of Song, Tao.2528535
8291327221216922639636
828Fourteenth year, King Xuan ascended the throne, the Gonghe administration ended.2823131710327410737
827JiaxuXuan Wang first year29241418Chu Xiong Shuang first year428511838
82623025151925296129First year of Marquis Li of Yan, Zhuang.
8253First year of Duke Wu of Lu, Ao.2616203630713First year of Earl Dai of Cao, Xian.2
82442First year of Duke Li of Qi, Wu Ji.1721473181423
8235321822583291534
822643First year of Marquis Xian of Jin, Ji.236933101645
8217542First year of Duke Zhuang of Qin, Qi.Chu Xiong Xun first year1034111756
8208653221135121867
8199764331236131978
81810875441337142089
817jiashen119865514381521910
81612109766153916221011
81513First year of Duke Yi of Lu, Xi.First year of Duke Wen of Qi, Chi.877164017231112
8141422988174118241213
81315331099184219251314
812164411101019First year of Duke Wu of Wei, He.20261415
8111755Mu Hou Fu Sheng first year111120221271516
81018662121221322281617
80919773131322423First year of Marquis Li of Cai, Suo Shi.1718
8082088Four times took Qi women as consorts.14142352421819
807jiawu2199515152462531920
80622In the first year of Duke Xiao of Lu, Bo Yu was set up as ruler and was said to have been among the princely sons. Bo Yu was Duke Wu's grandson.106161625726420Duke Huan of Zheng, named You, was first enfeoffed in his first year. He was the younger brother of King Xuan of Zhou.21
80523211Seven, attacked Tiaosheng Crown Prince Chou.171726827521222
804243128181827928622323
803254First year of Duke Cheng of Qi, Yue.91919281029723424
8022652In the tenth year, he fought at Qianmou. He fathered Chou and his younger brother Cheng Shi. The reversal of the two sons' names drew criticism from gentlemen, and later there was disorder.2020291130824525
8012763112121301231925626
8002874122222In the thirty-first year, Duke Hui of Song died.13321026727
79929851323Chu Xiong E first yearDuke Dai of Song was established; first year.14331127828
798309614242215341228929
797jiachen31107152533163513291030
79632In the eleventh year, King Xuan of Zhou executed Bo Yu and installed his younger brother Cheng, who became Duke Xiao.8162644173614301131
7953312917275518Chen Wu Gong Ling first year15First year of Earl Hui of Cao, Zhi.1232
7943413First year of Duke Zhuang of Qi, Shu.1828661921621333
793351421929772031731434
792361532030882141841535
791371642131992251951636
790381752232Chu Ruo Ao first year1023620617First year of Marquis Qing of Yan.
789391862333211247217182
788401972434312258228193
787jiayin412082535413269239204
78642219263651427102410215
785432210In the twenty-seventh year, Mu Hou died; his younger brother Shang Shu proclaimed himself ruler, and Crown Prince Chou fled.3761528112511226
784442311Jin Shang Shu first year3871629122612237
78345241223981730132713248
78246251334091831142814259
781You Wang first year2614Four, Chou attacked and killed Shang Shu, established as Wen Hou.411019321529152610
780Year two: the three rivers shook in an earthquake.2715First year of Marquis Wen of Jin, Chou.42112033Chen Yi Gong Yue first year30162711
779Three, Wang took Bao Si.2816243122134231172812
77842917344132235332182913
777jiazi530184First year of Duke Xiang of Qin.142336Chen Ping Gong Xie first year33193014
7766311952152437234203115
7757322063162538335213216
7748332174172639436223317
7739342285182740537233418
77210352396192841638243519
771Eleven, You Wang killed by Dog Rong.362410Seven. They first received ranks among the feudal lords.20294273925Thirty-six, because of You Wang, killed by Dog Rong.20
770In King Ping's first year, the court moved east to Luoyi.372511Eight, initially established western altar, sacrificed to White Thearch.21304384026First year of Duke Wu of Zheng, Hua Tu.21
7692382612922314494127222
7683First year of Duke Hui of Lu, Fu Ting.271310233245104228323
767jiaxu42281411243346114329424
766532915Twelve, attacked Rong to Qi and died.2534471244305First year of Marquis Ai of Yan.
765643016First year of Duke Wen of Qin.26First year of Duke Wu of Song, Sikong.4813453162
7647531172272491446327First year of Marquis Zheng of Yan.
7638632183Chu Xiao Ao first year35015473382
7629733194245116483493
76110834205355217First year of Marquis Gong of Cai, Xing.35Ten, married Shen Hou's daughter Wu Jiang.4
76011935216465318236115
759121036227575419First year of Marquis Dai of Cai.First year of Duke Mu of Cao.126
75813113723868552022137
757jiashen141238249Chu Fen Mao first year9Wei Zhuang Gongyang first year2133Fourteen, gave birth to Zhuang Gong Wu Sheng.8
75615133925Ten, established Fan altar.2102224First year of Duke Huan of Cao, Zhong Sheng.159
7551614402611311323521610
75417154127124124In the first year of Duke Wen of Chen, he fathered Huan Gong Bao and Li Gong Ta. Ta's mother was a woman of Cai.63Seventeen, gave birth to younger brother Duan, mother wished to establish Duan, duke did not listen.11
753181642281351352741812
752191743291461463851913
751201844301571574962014
7502119453116816851072115
749222046321791796First year of Marquis Xuan of Cai, Kai Lun.82216
748232147331810In the eighteenth year, the mother of Duke Huan of Lu was born.107292317
747jiawu24224834Nineteen, established altar to Chen Bao.11First year of Duke Xuan of Song (Li)1183102418
74625234935201221294112519
745262450In the first year of Duke Zhao of Jin, he enfeoffed his uncle Cheng Shi at Quwo. As Quwo grew larger than the capital, the gentleman criticized, saying, "The disorder of Jin will begin at Quwo."2113313Ten, Duke Wen died.5122620
74427255122214414First year of Duke Huan of Chen6132721
743282652323155152714First year of Duke Zhuang of Zheng (Wu Sheng), Ji Zhong as chancellor.22
742292753424166163815223
741302854525177Seventeen, favored concubine son Zhou Xu, Zhou Xu fond of war.4916324
740312955626King Wu ascended.81851017425
739323056Pan Fu assassinated Duke Zhao and brought in Cheng Shi, but failed. Duke Zhao's son ascended and became Duke Xiao.27291961118526
7383331572283102071219627
737jiachen3432583294112181320728
7363533594305122291421829
735363460531613Twenty-three, consort bore no sons, Duke Huan ascended.101522930
734373561632714First year of Duke Huan of Wei (Wan)1116231031
733383662733815Two, younger brother Zhou Xu arrogant, Duke Huan deposed him, fled.1217241132
73239376383491631318251233
731403864Nine, Quwo Huan Shu Cheng Shi died, son Dai succeeded, became Zhuang Bo.35101741419261334
7304139First year of Duke Xi of Qi (Lu Fu)1036111851520271435
7294240Two, same mother younger brother Yi Zhong Yan gave birth to Gongsun Wu Zhi.113712Nineteen, duke died, commanded younger brother He established as Duke Mu.61621281536
72843413123813First year of Duke Mu of Song (He)717222916First year of Duke Mu of Yan
727jiayin4442413391428182330172
7264543514401539192431183
72546446154116410202532194
72447457Year sixteen: Quwo Zhuang Bo assassinated Duke Xiao, and the people of Jin established Duke Xiao's son Que as Duke E.4217511212633205
72348468First year of Duke E of Jin (Que), Quwo stronger than Jin.4318612222734216
72249First year of Duke Yin of Lu (Xi Gu), mother Sheng Zi.924419713232835Twenty-two, Duan rebelled, fled.7
7215021034520814242936Twenty-three, duke regretted, longed to see mother but could not, dug tunnel to meet.8
72051Three, second month, solar eclipse.1144621Nine, duke entrusted Kong Fu to establish Duke Shang. Feng fled to Zheng.15253037Twenty-four, invaded Zhou, took grain.9
719First year of King Huan41254722First year of Duke Shang of Song (Yu Yi)Sixteen, Zhou Xu assassinated duke self-established.Twenty-six, Wei Shi Que came to announce, therefore seized Zhou Xu.31382510
718Two, sent Duke Guo to attack Quwo in Jin.Five, duke viewed fish at Tang, gentleman criticized.13Year six: Duke E died. Quwo Zhuang Bo attacked Jin again and established Duke E's son Guang as Duke Ai.4823Two, Zheng attacked us. We attacked Zheng.First year of Duke Xuan of Wei (Jin), established jointly. Punished Zhou Xu.2732392611
717jiazi3Six, Zheng people came to renegotiate peace.14First year of Duke Ai of Jin (Guang)492432283340Twenty-seven, first audience with king, king did not treat courteously.12
7164715Two, Zhuang Bo died, son Cheng succeeded, became Duke Wu.5025432934412813
7155Eight, exchanged Xu fields, gentleman criticized.163First year of Duke Ning of Qin2654303542Twenty-nine, gave Beng to Lu, exchanged Xu fields.14
7146Nine, third month, great hailstorm, thunder.1742276531First year of Duke Huan of Cai (Feng Ren)433015
713710185328Seven, feudal lords defeated us. Our army with Wei attacked Zheng.6322443116
7128Year eleven: the grandee Hui asked to kill Duke Huan and sought to become chancellor; the duke would not listen, so he killed the duke.19642987333453217
7119First year of Duke Huan of Lu (Yun), mother was daughter of Duke Wu of Song, gave birth to Shou Wen as Lu consort.2075309834446Thirty-three, presented jade to Lu and exchanged the Xu fields.18
71010Two, Song bribed with a tripod that was placed in the grand temple, which the gentleman criticized.218631Hua Du saw that Kong Fu's wife was beautiful and desired her. Hua Du assassinated Kong Fu and then assassinated Duke Shang. In the first year of Duke Feng of Song, Hua Du served as chancellor.93554734First year of Duke Xuan of Yan
70911Three, Hui welcomed the woman, the Qi lord sent the woman, which the gentleman criticized.22First year of Xiao Zi of Jin7322103664835
70812423283331137749363
707jiaxuThirteen, attacked Zheng.5243934412Thirty-eight, younger brother Ta assassinated Crown Prince Mian. Replaced him on the throne, state fell into chaos, reported death twice.850Thirty-seven, attacked Zhou and wounded the king.4
706146Twenty-five, Shan Rong attacked us.Wu Gong of Quwo assassinated Xiao Zi. Zhou attacked Quwo and established Duke Ai's younger brother Min as Marquis of Jin. First year of Duke Min of Jin.10Thirty-five, invaded Sui, which practiced good governance and achieved peace.513First year of Duke Li of Chen (Ta)951Thirty-eight, Crown Prince Hu rescued Qi, Qi intended to marry him to a daughter.5
7051572621136614Two, gave birth to Jing Zhong Wan. Zhou historian divined that Wan's descendants would rule Qi.1052396
70416827312Thirty-seven, attacked Sui but could not take it, so made alliance and withdrew troops.71531153407
703179284First year of Chu Zi of Qin3881641254418
702181029523991751355429
7011911306340Ten, seized Ji Zhong.Eighteen, Crown Prince Ji and younger brother Shou contended to the death.614First year of Duke Zhuang of Cao (She Gu)4310
70020123174411119Seven, the duke debauched Cai, Cai assassinated the duke.152First year of Duke Li of Zheng (Tu)11
6992113Thirty-two, Duke Xi ordered Wu Zhi's ranked service to be like the crown prince's.854212First year of Duke Hui of Wei (Shuo)First year of Duke Zhuang of Chen (Lin), son of Duke Huan.163212
6982214339Six, the three fathers assassinated Chu Zi and established his elder brother Wu Gong.431322174Three, the feudal lords attacked us to avenge the Song matter.13
697jiashen23Fifteen, the heavenly king demanded chariots, not according to ritual.First year of Duke Xiang of Qi (Zhu Er), demoted Wu Zhi's ranked service, Wu Zhi resented it.10First year of Duke Wu of Qin, attacked Peng, reached Hua Mountain.4414Three, Shuo fled to Qi, established Qian Mu.3185Four, Ji Zhong established Hu, the duke went out to reside at Li.First year of Duke Huan of Yan
696First year of King Zhuang, gave birth to son Kui.Sixteen, the duke met with Cao to plan attacking Zheng.21124515First year of Qian Mu of Wei4196First year of Duke Zhao of Zheng (Hu), Hu's mother was Deng woman, Ji Zhong married her.2
695Two, had younger brother Ke.Seventeen, solar eclipse, day not recorded, officials erred.3123461625207Two, Qu Mi assassinated Duke Zhao.3
6943Year eighteen: the duke and his consort went to Qi; the lord of Qi seduced her and sent Peng Sheng to kill the duke in the chariot.Four, assassinated Duke Huan of Lu, executed Peng Sheng.134471736First year of Duke Ai of Cai (Xian Wu)8First year of Zi Wei of Zheng, Qi assassinated Zi Wei, disciple of Duke Zhao.4
693Four, Duke Zhou wished to assassinate the king and establish Zi Ke, the king executed Duke Zhou, Ke fled to Yan.First year of Duke Zhuang of Lu (Tong)514548184729First year of Zi Ying of Zheng, Zi Wei's younger brother.5
69252615649195First year of Duke Xuan of Chen (Chu Jiu), Chu Jiu was Duke Zhuang's younger brother.31026
69163716750First year of Duke Min of Song (Jie)6241137
69074Eight, attacked Ji, removed their capital city.178Fifty-one, king attacked, Sui informed consort's heart moved, king died in army.2735124First year of Duke Zhuang of Yan
6898Five, with Qi attacked Wei, installed Duke Hui.9189First year of King Wen of Chu (Zi), began capital at Ying.38461352
68896101910Year two: attacking Shen, they passed through Deng. The Marquis of Deng's nephew said, "Chu may be taken," but the marquis would not consent.49571463
687jiawu10Seven, stars fell like rain, together with rain.11201135Ten, Qi established Duke Hui, Qian Mu fled to Zhou.681574
68611Eight: Gongzi Jiu fled here with Guan Zhong to escape Wuzhi's disorder.Twelve, Wu Zhi killed ruler self-established.211246Duke Hui of Wei, Shuo, re-entered; fourteenth year.791685
68512Year nine: Lu wished to enter with Jiu, but after Xiao Bai, Qi blocked Lu and made them deliver Guan Zhong alive.First year of Qi Huan Gong Xiao Bai, spring, Qi killed Wu Zhi.221357158101796
68413Ten, Qi attacked us, because of Jiu.22314Year six: Lady Xi, a woman of Chen, passed through Cai; Cai did not treat her courteously, and she resented it. Chu attacked Cai, captured the Marquis of Cai, and returned.8169Eleven, Chu captured our lord.18107
68314Eleven, Zang Wen Zhong condoled Song flood.324157Nine, Song great flood, duke self-blamed. Lu sent Zang Wen Zhong to condole.17101219118
6821512425168Ten, Wan killed ruler, Qiu Mu had righteousness.18111320129
681First year of King XiThirteen, Cao Mo hijacked Huan Gong. Returned lost territory.Five, assembled with Lu people at Ke.26179First year of Duke Huan of Song (Yu Yue), Zhuang Gong's son.191214211310
68021462718102201315221411
679315Seven, began hegemony, assembled feudal lords at Juan.Year twenty-eight: Quwo Wu Gong extinguished Duke Min of Jin, presented treasures to Zhou, and Zhou commanded Wu Gong to be ruler of Jin, annexing its territory.1911321141623First year of Duke Li of Zheng, Duke Li fled seventeen years later re-entered.12
6784168When Duke Wu of Jin, Cheng, annexed Jin, he had already reigned for thirty-eight years, so the year count was not reset and continued from his original first year.Twenty, buried at Yong, began with human sacrifice.Twelve, attacked Deng extinguished it.422151724Two, feudal lords attacked us.13
677jiachen5179Thirty-nine, Wu Gong died, son Gui Zhu established, became Xian Gong.First year of Qin De Gong, Wu Gong's younger brother.13523161825314
676First year of King Hui, took Chen consort.1810First year of Jin Xian Gong Gui ZhuTwo, began making Fu sacrifice, sacrificed to She, split dogs at four gates.First year of Chu Du Ao Su624171926415
675Two, Yan and Wei attacked king, king fled to Wen, established Zi Kui.19112First year of Qin Xuan Gong2Seven, took Wei woman. Wen Gong's younger brother.251820275Sixteen, attacked king, king fled to Wen, established Zi Kui.
6743201232382619First year of Cai Mu Hou Xi286Seventeen, Zheng seized our Zhong Fu.
673Four, executed Kui, entered King Hui.211343492720229Seven, rescued Zhou disorder, entered king.18
672Five, crown prince's mother died early. Hui consort gave birth to Shu Dai.22Fourteen: Chen Wan fled here from Chen; the Tian Chang line began from this.Five, attacked Li Rong, obtained Ji.Four, established the Mi altar.Five, younger brother Yun assassinated Du Ao and established himself.1028Twenty-one, Duke Li's son Wan fled to Qi.330First year of Duke Wen of Zheng (Jie)19
6716Twenty-three, the duke went to Qi to view the suburban sacrifice.1565First year of King Cheng of Chu (Yun)112922431220
670724167621230235First year of Duke Xi of Cao (Yi)321
66982517Eight, completely slaughtered the former Jin duke's various sons.7313312462422
66892618Nine, began fortifying Jiang capital.8414First year of Duke Yi of Wei (Chi)2573523
667jiayinTen, granted the Qi lord his mandate.271910951522684624
666112820111061632795725
665122921Year twelve: Crown Prince Shensheng resided at Quwo, Chong Er at Pucheng, and Yiwu at Qu—because of Li Ji.11717428106826
6641330221312818529117927
6631431Twenty-three, attacked Shan Rong, for Yan's sake.14First year of Duke Cheng of Qin9196301281028
66215Year thirty-two: Duke Zhuang's younger brother Shu Ya died by poison. Qing Fu assassinated Zi Ban. jiyou fled to Chen and established Duke Min.2415210207311391129
66116First year of Duke Min of Lu25Year sixteen: extinguished Wei, Geng, and Huo. First enfeoffed Zhao Su at Geng and Bi Wan at Wei—this was the beginning.3112183214First year of Duke Zhao of Cao1230
66017Year two: Qing Fu assassinated Duke Min. jiyou, returning from Chen, established Shen as Duke Xi and killed Qing Fu.26Seventeen, Shen Sheng as general, gentleman knew he would be deposed.41222The Di attacked us. The duke loved cranes; his officers would not fight, and the state was extinguished. The people resented this; Duke Hui's disorder led to the extinction of his line, and his younger brother was installed. First year of Duke Dai of Wei.331521331
65918First year of Duke Xi of Lu (Shen), Ai Jiang's funeral arrived from Qi.Twenty-seven, killed younger sister Duke Zhuang's consort, because of licentiousness.18First year of Duke Mu of Qin (Ren Hao)1323First year of Duke Wen of Wei (Hui), Duke Dai's younger brother.341631432
658192Twenty-eight, built Chu Hill for Wei. Rescued from Rong Di attack.Nineteen, Xun Xi used bribes to borrow passage through Yu to attack Guo, extinguished Xia Yang.21424Two, Qi Huan Gong led feudal lords to build Chu Hill for us.351741533
657jiazi203Twenty-nine, shared boat with Cai Ji, she shook the duke, duke angered, returned Cai Ji.2031525336Eighteen, because of the woman, Qi attacked us.516First year of Duke Xiang of Yan
656214Thirty, led feudal lords to attack Cai, Cai collapsed, then attacked Chu, demanded the tribute of wrapped mugwort.Year twenty-one: Shensheng killed himself because of Li Ji's slander. Chong Er fled to Pu and Yiwu to Qu.Four, welcomed bride from Jin.Sixteen, Qi attacked us, reached Xing, sent Qu Wan to make alliance.26437196172
65522531Twenty-two, extinguished Yu and Guo. Chong Er fled to Di.51727538207183
654236Thirty-two, led feudal lords to attack Zheng.Twenty-three, Yiwu fled to Liang.6Eighteen, attacked Xu, Xu lord bared flesh to apologize, Chu followed.28639218194
653247332471929740229205
652Twenty-five, King Xiang established, feared Tai Shu.834Twenty-five, attacked Di, because of Chong Er.820Thirty, duke ill, Crown Prince Zi Fu yielded to elder brother Mu Yi as worthy, duke did not listen.84123First year of Duke Gong of Cao216
651First year of King Xiang, feudal lords established the king.Year nine: Qi led us to attack the disorder in Jin, then turned back at Gao Liang.Year thirty-five: in summer the feudal lords met at Kuiqiu. The Son of Heaven sent Grand Steward Kong to bestow sacrificial meat and commanded that there be no bowing.Year twenty-six: the duke died; Xi Qi was installed, and Li Ke killed him along with Zhuozi. Yiwu was then installed.Nine, Yiwu sent Xi Rui with bribes to seek entry.21Thirty-one, duke died, not yet buried, Qi Huan assembled Kui Qiu.942242227
650210Thirty-six, sent Xi Peng to establish Jin Duke Hui.First year of Jin Duke Hui (Yiwu), executed Li Ke, broke Qin alliance.Ten, Pi Zheng Zi Bao fled came.22First year of Duke Xiang of Song (Zi Fu), Mu Yi as chancellor.1043253238
649Year three: the Rong attacked us; Uncle Dai summoned them. The duke wished to execute Uncle Dai, but Uncle Dai fled to Qi.11372Eleven, rescued king attacked Rong, Rong withdrew.Twenty-three, attacked Huang.21144264Twenty-four, consort dreamed heaven gave orchid, gave birth to Duke Mu Lan.9
648412Year thirty-eight: he sent Guan Zhong to mediate with the Rong at Zhou; he wished to treat him with the rites of a senior minister, but Guan Zhong declined and accepted those of a junior minister.31224312452752510
647jiaxu513Year thirty-nine: he sent Zhongsun to petition the king and spoke of Shu Dai; the king was angered.Four, famine, requested grain, Qin gave us.Year thirteen: Pi Bao wished to withhold grain, but the duke would not listen and sent grain to Jin, building a road from Yong to Jiang.25413First year of Duke Mu of Chen (Kuan)2862611
64661440Five, Qin famine, requested grain, Jin broke it.14Twenty-six, extinguished Liu, Ying.51422972712
6457Fifteen, fifth month, solar eclipse. Not recorded, historian erred.41Six, Qin captured Duke Hui, re-established him.Fifteen, because robber ate good horse knight obtained broke Jin.276153First year of Duke Zhuang of Cai (jiawu)82813
644816Forty-two, king with Rong invaders informed Qi, Qi summoned feudal lords to defend Zhou.Seven, Chong Er heard Guan Zhong died, left Di to Qi.Sixteen, established officials for east of river.28Seven, five stones fell. Six lu retreated flying, passed our capital.164292914
643917438172981753103015
6421018First year of Duke Xiao of Qi (Zhao)9183091864113116
6411119210Year nineteen: Liang was extinguished. Liang loved fortifying cities and did not dwell in them; the people were exhausted and alarmed one another, and so it perished.31101975123217
64012203112032112086133318
639132141221Thirty-three, seized Duke Xiang of Song, returned him.Twelve, summoned Chu alliance.2197143419
638Fourteen, Shu Dai returned to Zhou.22Five, returned king's younger brother Dai.Thirteen, crown prince Yu hostage Qin fled returned.2234Thirteen, Hong battle, Chu defeated duke.2210815Thirty-five, duke went to Chu, Song attacked us.20
637jiashen1523Six, attacked Song, because did not join alliance.Fourteen, Yu established, became Duke Huai.Year twenty-three: welcoming Chong Er from Chu, they treated him with generous rites and gave him a daughter in marriage. Chong Er wished to return.Thirty-five, Chong Er passed, treated thickly.Fourteen, duke died from Hong battle.Twenty-three, Chong Er from Qi passed, no courtesy.119Sixteen, Chong Er passed, no courtesy, Xi Fu Ji privately befriended.Thirty-six, Chong Er passed, no courtesy, Shu Zhan admonished.21
636Sixteen, king fled to Si. Si is Zheng territory.247In the first year of Duke Wen of Jin, he executed Zi Yu. Wei Wuzi became grandee of Wei and Zhao Shuai grandee of Yuan. Jiu Fan said, "To seek hegemony, nothing is better than securing the king within."Twenty-four, sent troops to send Chong Er.36First year of Duke Cheng of Song (Wang Chen)241210173722
635Seventeen, Jin brought in king.2582Twenty-five, wished to bring in king, army at river.372251311183823
63418269Three, Song submitted.2638Three, doubly allied with Chu and became close to Jin.First year of Duke Cheng of Wei (Zheng)1412193924
6331927Year ten: Duke Xiao died; his younger brother Pan, with the aid of Wei nobleman Kai Fang, killed Duke Xiao's son and installed Pan.Four, rescued Song, avenged Cao and Wei's humiliation.27Thirty-nine, sent Zi Yu to attack Song.Four, Chu attacked us, we urgently appealed to Jin.21513204025
632Year twenty: the king hunted at Heyang.Twenty-eight, duke went to Jian Tu to assemble for audience.First year of Duke Zhao of Qi (Pan), assembled with Jin to defeat Chu, audience with Zhou king.Year five: invaded Cao and attacked Wei, took Wulu, and seized the Marquis of Cao. The feudal lords defeated Chu and paid court at Heyang; Zhou commanded that land be granted to the duke.Twenty-eight, assembled with Jin to attack Chu and audience with Zhou.Forty, Jin defeated Zi Yu at Cheng Pu.Five, Jin rescued us, Chu troops withdrew.Year three: Jin attacked us and took Wulu. The duke fled; Prince Xia paid court to Jin and the duke returned to Wei.Sixteen, assembled with Jin to attack Chu, audience with Zhou king.Fourteen, assembled with Jin to attack Chu, audience with Zhou king.Twenty-one, Jin attacked us, seized duke, then returned him.4126
63121292629416Four, Jin gave Wei to Song.First year of Duke Gong of Chen (Shuo)15224227
63022303Seven, listened to Zhou and returned Duke Cheng of Wei. Allied with Qin to besiege Zheng.Thirty, besieged Zheng, upon hearing words withdrew.427Five, Zhou entered Duke Cheng, restored Wei.21623Forty-three, Qin and Jin besieged us, because of Jin.28
629233148314386317244429
62824325Nine, Duke Wen died.Year thirty-two: about to attack Zheng; Jian Shu said, "It cannot be done."449741825Forty-five, Duke Wen died.30
627jiawu25Thirty-three, Duke Xi died.Six, Di invaded us.First year of Duke Xiang of Jin (Huan), defeated Qin at Xiao.Thirty-three, raided Zheng, Jin defeated us at Xiao.4510851926First year of Duke Mu of Zheng (Lan), Qin raided us, Xian Gao deceived them.31
62626First year of Duke Wen of Lu (Xing)7Two, attacked Wei, Wei attacked us.Thirty-four, defeated at Xiao about to flee and return, duke restored their offices.Year forty-six: the king wished to kill the crown prince and install Zhi; the crown prince feared this and, with tutor Pan Chong, killed the king. The king had demanded bear's paw before dying, but they would not listen; he installed himself as king.11Nine, Jin attacked us, we attacked Jin.62027232
6252728Three, Qin avenged our Xiao defeat, defeated us at Wang.Thirty-five, attacked Jin to avenge Xiao, defeated us at Wang.First year of King Mu of Chu (Shang Chen), granted his crown prince's residence to Chong, made him chancellor.121072128333
62428Three, duke went to Jin.9Four, Qin attacked us, took Wang Guan, we did not go out.Thirty-six, with Meng Ming and others attacked Jin, Jin did not dare go out.Two, Jin attacked us.131182229434
62329410Five, attacked Qin, besieged Yuan and Xin Cheng.Thirty-seven, Jin attacked us, besieged Yuan and Xin Cheng.Three, extinguished Jiang.14Twelve, duke went to Jin.92330535
62230511Six, Zhao Cheng Zi, Luan Zhen Zi, Huo Bo, Jiu Ji all died.38Four, extinguished Liu and Liao.1513102431636
62131612Year seven: the duke died. Zhao Dun served as tutor to the crown prince and wished to install another ruler, but fearing execution, he installed the crown prince as Duke Ling.Year thirty-nine: Duke Mu died. He was buried with human sacrifice, and 170 persons died with him. The gentleman criticized this, and therefore the text does not record his death.51614112532737
62032713First year of Duke Ling of Jin (Yi Gao), Zhao Dun monopolized government.First year of Duke Kang of Qin (Ying)6Seventeen, Gongsun Gu killed Cheng Gong.15122633838
619Thirty-three, King Xiang died.Eight, king sent Wei to seek gold for burial, not according to ritual.14Two, Qin attacked us, took Wu Cheng, avenged Ling Gu battle.27First year of Duke Zhao of Song (Chu Jiu), Xiang Gong's son.16132734939
618First year of King Qing915Three, led feudal lords to rescue Zheng.3Eight, attacked Zheng, because submitted to Jin.217142835Ten, Chu attacked us.40
617jiachen21016Four, attacked Qin, took Shao Liang. Qin took our Bei Zheng.Four, Jin attacked us, took Shao Liang. We attacked Jin took Bei Zheng.93181529First year of Duke Wen of Cao (Shou)11First year of Duke Huan of Yan
6163Eleven, defeated Tall Di at Xian, returned, got Tall Di.175510Four, defeated Tall Di at Chang Qiu.1916302122
61541218Six, Qin took our Ji Ma. Fought Qin at He Qu, Qin army fled.Six, attacked Jin, took Ji Ma. Angry, fought great battle with us at He Qu.1152017313133
61451319Seven, got Sui Hui.Seven, Jin deceived got Sui Hui.1262118324144
613Six, King Qing died. Ministers contended for government, therefore did not report death.Year fourteen: a comet entered the Northern Dipper. The Zhou court historian said, "In seven years the rulers of Song, Qi, and Jin will die."Twenty, Duke Zhao died. Younger brother Shang Ren killed crown prince self-established, became Duke Yi.Eight, Zhao Dun with 800 chariots installed Jie Gai, pacified royal house.8First year of King Zhuang of Chu (Lu)722First year of Duke Ling of Chen (Ping Guo)335155
612First year of King KuangFifteen, sixth month xinchou, solar eclipse, Qi attacked us.First year of Duke Yi of Qi (Shang Ren)Nine, we entered Cai.928232Thirty-four, Jin attacked us. Zhuang Hou died.Six, Qi entered our outer wall.166
611216Two, did not gain people's hearts.1010Three, extinguished Yong.Nine, Xiang consort made Wei Bo kill Duke Zhao. Younger brother Bao established.243First year of Duke Wen of Cai (Shen)7177
6103Seventeen, Qi attacked us.Three, attacked Lu.Eleven, led feudal lords to pacify Song.114First year of Duke Wen of Song (Bao), Duke Zhao's younger brother. Jin led feudal lords pacified us.25428188
6094Year eighteen: Xiang Zhong killed the legitimate heir and established the concubine's son as Duke Xuan.Year four: the duke mutilated the father of Bing Que and took the wife of Yan Zhi; the two together killed the duke and installed Duke Hui, son of Duke Huan.12125226539199
6085First year of Duke Xuan of Lu (Bei), Lu established Xuan Gong, not proper, ducal house lowly.First year of Duke Hui of Qi (Yuan), took Lu Ji Xi fields.Thirteen, Zhao Dun rescued Chen and Song, attacked Zheng.First year of Qin Duke Gong (He)Six, attacked Song and Chen, because doubled submission to Jin.Three, Chu and Zheng attacked us, because doubled Chu.276410Year twenty: with Chu they invaded Chen and then invaded Song. Jin sent Zhao Dun to attack us because we had turned against Jin.10
607jiayinSix, King Kuang died.2Two, crown prince Cheng Fu defeated Tall Di.Year fourteen: Zhao Chuan killed Duke Ling; Zhao Dun had Chuan welcome Prince Hei from Zhou and installed him. The Zhao clan was granted the status of ducal kindred.27Four, Hua Yuan trapped in Zheng because of sheep stew.287511Twenty-one, fought with Song army, captured Hua Yuan.11
606First year of King Ding33First year of Duke Cheng of Jin (Hei Lie), attacked Zheng.3Eight, attacked Lu Hun, reached Luo, inquired tripod weight.Five, ransomed Hua Yuan, fled returned. Besieged Cao.2986Twelve, Song besieged us.Twenty-two, Hua Yuan fled returned.12
60524424Nine, Ruo Ao clan caused disorder, extinguished them. Attacked Zheng.6309713First year of Duke Ling of Zheng (Yi), Gong Zi Gui Sheng assassinated Duke Ling because of turtle.13
604355Three, Zhonghang Huan Zi Xun Lin Fu rescued Zheng, attacked Chen.510731Year ten: Chu attacked Zheng and made peace with us. Jin's Xinghang Huanzi blocked Chu, rescued Zheng, and attacked us.814First year of Duke Xiang of Zheng (Jian), Duke Ling's younger brother. Chu attacked us, Jin came rescued.14
603466Four, invaded Chen with Wei.First year of Duke Huan of Qin118Thirty-two, invaded Chen with Jin.Eleven, Jin and Wei invaded us.915215
6025775212933121016316
6016Eight, seventh month, solar eclipse.8Six, with Lu attacked Qin, captured Qin spy, executed Jiang market, revived after six days.Three, Jin attacked us, captured spy.Thirteen, attacked Chen, extinguished Shu Liao.1034Thirteen, Chu attacked us.11174First year of Duke Xuan of Yan
600799Seven, sent Huan Zi attacked Chu. Led feudal lords army attacked Chen rescued Zheng. Duke Cheng died.4Fourteen, attacked Zheng, Jin Xi Que rescued Zheng, defeated us.1135141218Five, Chu attacked us, Jin came rescued, defeated Chu army.
5998Fourteen, month, solar eclipse.Ten, duke died. Cui Zhu favored, Gao Guo drove out, fled Wei.First year of Duke Jing of Jin (Ju), attacked Zheng with Song.51512First year of Duke Mu of Wei (Chi), Qi Cui Zhu fled here.Fifteen, Xia Zheng Shu killed Duke Ling because of mother.1319Six, Jin Song Chu attacked us.3
598911First year of Duke Qing of Qi (Wu Ye)26Sixteen, led feudal lords executed Chen Xia Zheng Shu, established Chen Duke Ling's son Wu.132First year of Duke Cheng of Chen (Wu), Duke Ling's crown prince.142074
597jiazi10122Three, rescued Zheng, defeated by Chu at river.7Seventeen, besieged Zheng, Zheng lord bared flesh apologized, released.Fourteen, attacked Chen.321521Eight, Chu besieged us, used humble words resolved.5
5961113348181543162296
59512144Fifth year. Attacked Zheng.9Nineteenth year. Besieged Song because Song had killed Chu's envoy.Sixteenth year. Killed a Chu envoy, and Chu besieged us.5417Twenty-third year. Duke Wen died.Tenth year. Jin attacked us.7
59413Fifteenth year. The initial tax on acreage was instituted.5Sixth year. Rescued Song and seized Xie Yang, who had envoy credentials. Qin attacked us.10Twentieth year. Besieged Song. In the fifth month, Hua Yuan told Zifan the truth, and Chu withdrew.Seventeenth year. Hua Yuan informed Chu, and Chu withdrew.6518First year of Duke Xuan of Cao, Lu.Eleventh year. Assisted Chu in attacking Song and seized Xie Yang.8
59314166Seventh year. Sui Hui destroyed the Red Di.11211876192129
59215Seventeenth year. There was a solar eclipse.Seventh year. Jin sent Xi Ke to Qi; the women laughed at him. Xi Ke was angered and returned home.Eighth year. Sent Xi Ke as envoy to Qi; the women laughed at him. Xi Ke was angered and returned home.12221987Twentieth year. Duke Wen died.31310
59116Eighteen, Duke Xuan died.Eight, Jin attacked defeated us.Nine, attacked Qi, hostage Qiang, troops stopped.13Twenty-three, King Zhuang died.2098First year of Duke Jing of Cai (Gu)41411
59017First year of Duke Cheng of Lu (Hei Gong), spring, Qi took our Long.91014First year of King Gong of Chu (Shen)21109251512
58918Two, with Jin attacked Qi, Qi returned Wen Yang to us, secretly allied with Chu.Ten, Jin Xi Ke defeated duke at An, captured Peng Chou Fu.Eleven, with Lu, Cao defeated Qi.15Year two: in autumn, Duke Shen of Wu stole the mother of Zheng Shux and fled to Jin, where he was made grandee of Xing. In winter, they attacked Wei and Lu and rescued Qi.22Eleven, Duke Mu died. With feudal lords defeated Qi, reversed invaded territory. Chu attacked us.10361613
58819Three, assembled Jin, Song, Wei, Cao attacked Zheng.Eleven, Duke Qing went to Jin, wished to make Jin king, Jin did not dare accept.Twelve, began establishing six ministers. Led feudal lords attacked Zheng.163First year of Duke Gong of Song (Xia)First year of Duke Ding of Wei (Zang)114Seven, attacked Zheng.Seventeen, Jin led feudal lords attacked us.14
587jiaxu20Four, duke went to Jin, Jin not respectful, duke wished to break Jin alliance with Chu.12Thirteen, Lu duke came, not respectful.17Four, Zi Fan rescued Zheng.221258Eighteen, Jin Luan Shu took our Fan. Duke Xiang died.15
586Twenty, King Ding died.513Fourteen, Liang Mountain collapsed. Bo Zong hid the person but used his words.18Five, attacked Zheng, because broke us. Duke Dao of Zheng came to accuse.331369First year of Duke Dao of Zheng (Fei), duke went to Chu to accuse.First year of Duke Zhao of Yan
585First year of King Jian614Fifteen, sent Luan Shu to rescue Zheng, then invaded Cai.1964414Seven, Jin invaded us.10Two, Duke Dao died. Chu attacked us, Jin sent Luan Shu to rescue.2First year of Wu Shou Meng
5842715Sixteen, with wuchen began communicating with Wu to plot against Chu.20Seven, attacked Zheng.5515811First year of Duke Cheng of Zheng (Mai), Dao Gong's younger brother. Chu attacked us.3Two, minister Wu came, plotted to attack Chu.
5833816Seventeen, restored Zhao Wu's fields. Invaded Cai.2186616Nine, Jin attacked us.12243
58249Seventeen, Duke Qing died.Eighteen, seized Zheng Duke Cheng, attacked Zheng. Qin attacked us.Twenty-two, attacked Jin.Nine, rescued Zheng. Winter, made alliance with Jin.77171013Three, made alliance with Chu. Duke went to Jin, duke seized and attacked us.54
5815Ten, duke went to Jin for funeral, concealed it.First year of Duke Ling of Qi (Huan)19231088181114Four, Jin led feudal lords to attack us.65
5806112First year of Duke Li of Jin (Shou Man)Twenty-four, allied with Jin duke across river, returned and broke alliance.1199191215576
5797123225121010201316687
5788Thirteen, assembled with Jin to attack Qin.Four, attacked Qin.Three, attacked Qin to Jing, defeated them, captured their general Cheng Chai.Twenty-six, Jin led feudal lords to attack us.13Eleven, Jin led us to attack Qin.112114Seventeen, Jin led us to attack Qin.Seven, Jin led us to attack Qin.98
577jiashen91454271412Twelve, Duke Ding died.2215First year of Duke Cheng of Cao (Fu Chu)8109
57610Fifteen, began communicating with Wu, assembled at Zhongli.6Five, three Xi slandered Bo Zong, assassinated him, Bo Zong was fond of direct remonstrance.First year of Duke Jing of QinFifteen, Xu feared Zheng, requested to move to Ye.Thirteen, Hua Yuan fled to Jin, then returned.First year of Duke Xian of Wei (Kan)2316Two, Jin seized our duke and took him back.911Ten, assembled with Lu at Zhongli.
57511Sixteen, Xuan Bo informed Jin, wished to kill Ji Wen Zi, Wen Zi escaped using righteousness.7Six, defeated Chu at Yan Ling.2Sixteen, rescued Zheng, unfavorable. Zi Fan drunk, army defeated, assassinated Zi Fan and returned.First year of Duke Ping of Song (Cheng)224173Ten, broke Jin alliance with Chu, Jin attacked us, Chu came to rescue.1211
574121787317232518411Thirteen, Duke Zhao died.12
57313Eighteen, Duke Cheng died.9Eight, Luan Shu and Zhonghang Yan assassinated Duke Li, established Duke Xiang's great-grandson as Duke Dao.4Eighteen, made Yu Shi attack Song's Peng Cheng.Three, Chu attacked Peng Cheng, enfeoffed Yu Shi.426195Twelve, attacked Song with Chu.First year of Duke Wu of Yan13
572Fourteen, King Jian died.First year of Duke Xiang of Lu (Wu), besieged Song's Peng Cheng.Ten, Jin attacked us, sent crown prince Guang as hostage to Jin.First year of Duke Dao of Jin, besieged Song's Peng Cheng.5Nineteen, invaded Song, rescued Zheng.Four, Chu invaded us, took Quan Qiu. Jin executed Yu Shi, returned Peng Cheng to us.Five, besieged Song's Peng Cheng.27206Thirteen, Jin attacked and defeated us, troops camped at Wei, Chu came to rescue.214
571In King Ling's first year, a child with a beard was born.Two, assembled with Jin at Hu Lao fortress.11Two, led feudal lords to attack Zheng, fortified Hu Lao.6205628217Fourteen, Cheng Gong died. Jin led feudal lords to attack us.315
5702312Three, Wei Jiang insulted Yang Gan.7Twenty-one, sent Zi Chong to attack Wu, reached Heng Mountain. Sent He Ji to invade Chen.67Twenty-nine, broke Chu alliance, Chu invaded us.228First year of Duke Xi of Zheng (Yun)4Sixteen, Chu attacked us.
5693Four, duke went to Jin.13Four, Wei Jiang persuaded to make peace with Rong and Di, Di came to Jin court.8Twenty-two, attacked Chen.78Thirty, Chu attacked us. Cheng Gong died.2392517
5684Five, Ji Wen Zi died.1459Twenty-three, attacked Chen.89First year of Duke Ai of Chen (Ruo)24103618
567jiawu561561024910225114719
5666716711Twenty-five, besieged Chen.1011Three, Chu besieged us, duke fled back.2612Five, Zi Si sent assassin to kill Xi Gong at night, falsely announced illness and death to feudal lords.820
5657Eight, duke went to Jin.17812Twenty-six, attacked Zheng.11124Twenty-seven, Zheng invaded us.13First year of Duke Jian of Zheng (Jia), Xi Gong's son.921
5648Year nine: with Jin they attacked Zheng and met at the River; they asked the duke's age—twelve—and he was capped in Wei.Eighteen, with Jin attacked Zheng.Nine, led Qi, Lu, Song, Wei, Cao to attack Zheng. Qin attacked us.Thirteen, attacked Jin, Chu aided us.Twenty-seven, attacked Zheng, camped at Wu Cheng, for Qin.Twelve, Jin led us to attack Zheng.Thirteen, Jin led us to attack Zheng. At Cao, duke favored consort.528Fourteen, Jin led us to attack Zheng.Year two: executed Zi Chan. Jin led the feudal lords to attack us; we made alliance with them. Chu was angered and attacked us.1022
563Nine, Wang Shu fled to Jin.Ten, Chu and Zheng invaded our western borders.Nineteen, ordered crown prince Guang and Gao Hou to assemble feudal lords at Zhongli.Ten, led feudal lords to attack Zheng. Xun Ying attacked Qin.Fourteen, Jin attacked us.Twenty-eight, sent Zi Nang to rescue Zheng.Thirteen, Zheng attacked us, Wei came to rescue.Fourteen, rescued Song.62915Year three: Jin led the feudal lords to attack us; Chu came to the rescue. Zi Kong rebelled, and Zi Chan attacked him.1123
56210Eleven, three Huan divided into three armies, each commanded army.20Year eleven: he led the feudal lords to attack Zheng; Qin defeated us at Li. The duke said, "By employing Wei Jiang I assembled the feudal lords nine times," and granted him music.Fifteen, we sent Shu Zhang Bao to attack Jin and rescue Zheng, defeated them at Li.Twenty-nine, with Zheng attacked Song.Fourteen, Chu and Zheng attacked us.Fifteen, attacked Zheng.73016Four, with Chu attacked Song, Jin led feudal lords attacked us, Qin came to rescue.1224
56111Twelve, duke went to Jin.21121630151683117513Twenty-five, Shou Meng died.
5601213221317Thirty-one, Wu attacked us, defeated them. King Gong died.161793218614First year of Wu Zhu Fan, Chu defeated us.
55913Fourteen, solar eclipse.Twenty-three, Wei Duke Xian fled here.Fourteen, led feudal lords' grandees to attack Qin, defeated at Yu Lin.Eighteen, Jin feudal lords' grandees attacked us, defeated at Yu Lin.First year of King Kang of Chu (Zhao), King Gong's crown prince fled to Wu.17Eighteen, Sun Wen Zi attacked the duke, duke fled to Qi, established Duke Ding's younger brother Di.103319715Two, jizi yielded the throne. Chu attacked us.
55814Fifteen, solar eclipse. Qi attacked us.Twenty-four, attacked Lu.Fifteen, Duke Dao died.19218First year of Duke Shang of Wei (Di), Duke Ding's younger brother.1134208163
557jiachen15Sixteen, Qi attacked us. Earthquake. Qi again attacked our northern borders.Twenty-five, attacked Lu.First year of Duke Ping of Jin (Biao), we defeated Chu at Zhan Ban.20Three, Jin attacked us, defeated at Zhan Ban.1921235219174
55616Seventeen, Qi attacked our northern borders.Twenty-six, attacked Lu.2214Twenty, attacked Chen.Three, attacked Cao.Thirteen, Song attacked us.36Twenty-two, Wei attacked us.10185
55517Eighteen, attacked Qi with Jin.Twenty-seven, Jin besieged Lin Zi. Yan Ying.Three, led Lu, Song, Zheng, Wei to besiege Qi, greatly defeated them.22Five, attacked Zheng.Twenty-one, Jin led us to attack Qi.41437Twenty-three, Duke Cheng died.Eleven, Jin led us to besiege Qi. Chu attacked us.Nineteen, Duke Wu died.6
5541819Year twenty-eight: deposed Guang and installed Ziya as crown prince. Guang, with Cui Zhu, killed Ziya and installed himself. Jin and Wei attacked us.Four, attacked Qi with Wei.23622Five, Jin led us to attack Qi.1538First year of Duke Wu of Cao (Sheng)Twelve, Zi Chan became minister.First year of Duke Wen of Yan7
55319Twenty, solar eclipse.First year of Duke Zhuang of Qi5247236163921328
55220Twenty-one, duke went to Jin. Sun eclipsed twice.2Six, Lu Duke Xiang came. Assassinated Yang She Hu.258247174031439
55121Twenty-two, Confucius born.Year three: Luan Ying of Jin came as a fugitive. Yan Ying said, "It would be better to send him back."Seven, Luan Ying fled to Qi.2692581841415410
5502223Four, wished to send Luan Ying to enter Quwo to attack Jin, take Zhao Ge.8271026Nine, Qi attacked us.1942516511
54923Twenty-four, invaded Qi. Sun eclipsed twice.Five, feared Jin communicated with Chu, Yan Ying plotted.928Eleven, communicated with Qi. Led Chen, Cai attacked Zheng rescued Qi.2710Twenty, Chu led us to attack Zheng.Forty-three, Chu led us to attack Zheng.6Seventeen, Fan Xuan Zi governed. We requested to attack Chen.612
54824Twenty-five, Qi attacked our northern borders, to avenge Xiao Bo's army.Year six: Jin attacked us to avenge Chaoge. Cui Zhu, because the duke had seduced his wife, killed him and installed his younger brother as Duke Jing.Ten, attacked Qi to Gao Tang, avenged Tai Xing campaign.Twenty-nine, duke went to Jin, alliance not concluded.Twelve, Wu attacked us, to avenge naval campaign, shot and killed Wu king.2811Twenty-one, Zheng attacked us.447Eighteen, attacked Chen, entered Chen.First year of Duke Yi of YanThirteen, Zhu Fan attacked Chu, pressed Nest Gate, injured by arrow died.
547jiayin2526First year of Qi Duke Jing (Chu Jiu), went to Jin, requested return Wei Duke Xian.Eleven, executed Wei Duke Shang, re-entered Duke Xian.30Thirteen, led Chen, Cai attacked Zheng.29Twelve, Qi, Jin executed Duke Shang, re-entered Duke Xian.Twenty-two, Chu led us to attack Zheng.458Nineteen, Chu led Chen, Cai to attack us.2First year of Wu Yu Ji
54626Twenty-seven, solar eclipse.Two, Qing Feng wished monopoly, executed Cui clan, Zhu committed suicide.12311430First year of Wei Duke Xian (Kan) later234692032
54527Twenty-eight, duke went to Chu. Buried King Kang.Year three, winter: Bao, Gao, and the Luan clan plotted against Qing Feng; they raised troops to attack Qing Feng, and Qing Feng fled to Wu.1332Fifteen, King Kang died.31224471021Four, Duke Yi died.Three, Qi Qing Feng fled here.
544First year of King JingTwenty-nine, Wu Ji Zha came to observe Zhou music, knew all music meanings.Four, Wu Ji Zha came as envoy, happy with Yan Ying.Year fourteen: Wu Jizi of Wu came and said, "In the end, the government of Jin will pass to Han, Wei, and Zhao."33First year of Chu Xiong Ju Ao323254811Year twenty-two: Wu Jizi of Wu told Zichan, "Power is about to pass to you. If you abide by ritual, you may yet escape calamity."First year of Duke Hui of Yan, Qi Gao Zhi fled here.Four, gatekeeper assassinated Yu Ji. Ji Zha made feudal lords.
54323051534233First year of Duke Xiang of Wei (Wu)26Year forty-nine: he took a woman of Chu for the crown prince; the duke seduced her, and the crown prince killed the duke and installed himself.12Year twenty-three: the various princes contended for favor and killed one another; they also wished to kill Zichan, but Zicheng stopped them.25
5423Thirty-one, Duke Xiang died.61635Three, Wang Ji Fu became Ling Yin.34227First year of Duke Ling of Cai (Ban)132436
5414First year of Duke Zhao of Lu (Chou), Duke Zhao age nineteen, had childish heart.7Seventeen, Qin Hou Zi fled here.Year thirty-six: the duke's younger brother Hou Zi fled to Jin with a thousand chariots.Four, Ling Yin Wei assassinated Ju Ao, self-established as King Ling.353282142547
5405Two, duke went to Jin, reached river, Jin apologized returned him.Eight, Tian Wu Yu sent woman.Eighteen, Qi Tian Wu Yu came to send a woman.37First year of King Ling of Chu (Wei), King Gong's son, Zhou Yu.364293152658
53963Year nine: Yan Ying went on a mission to Jin and saw Shu Xiang. Yan Ying said, "The government of Qi will pass to the Tian clan." Shu Xiang said, "The ducal house of Jin is declining."1938237530416Twenty-seven, summer, went to Jin. Winter, went to Chu.Year six: the duke wished to kill the high ministers and install favored attendants; the high ministers executed the favored attendants, and the duke, in fear, fled to Qi.9
5387Four, claimed illness would not assemble with Chu.102039Year three: in summer the feudal lords assembled in Song territory and made covenant. They attacked Wu at Zhufang and executed Qing Feng. In winter, in retaliation against us, they took three cities.38Six, claimed illness would not assemble with Chu.315Seventeen, claimed illness would not assemble with Chu.Year twenty-eight: Zi Chan said, "The three states will not assemble."7Ten, Chu executed Qing Feng.
537jiazi8511Twenty-one, Qin Hou Zi returned to Qin.Forty, duke died. Hou Zi returned from Jin.Four, led feudal lords to attack Wu.39732618298Eleven, Chu led feudal lords to attack us.
53696Twelve, duke went to Jin, requested to attack Yan, entered their ruler.Twenty-two, Qi Duke Jing came, requested to attack Yan, entered their ruler.First year of Duke Ai of QinFive, attacked Wu, camped at Qian Xi.4083371930Nine, Qi attacked us.Twelve, Chu attacked us, camped at Qian Xi.
53510Seven, jiwu Zi died. Solar eclipse.Thirteen, entered Yan ruler.Twenty-three, entered Yan ruler.2Six, seized Shu Yin refugee entered Zhang Hua.41Nine, consort Jiang had no sons.3482031First year of Duke Dao of Yan, Duke Hui returned and died.13
53411Eight, duke went to Chu, Chu detained him. Congratulated Zhang Hua Tower.14243Seven, went to Zhang Hua Tower, inside filled with refugees. Extinguished Chen.42First year of Duke Ling of WeiThirty-five, younger brother Zhao caused disorder, Duke Ai committed suicide.92132214
53312915254Eight, younger brother Qi Ji led troops to pacify Chen.432First year of Duke Hui of Chen (Wu), Duke Ai's grandson. Chu came to pacify us.102233315
532131016Twenty-six, spring, star appeared in Wu Nu. Seventh month, duke died.59Forty-four, Duke Ping died.32112334416
531141117First year of Duke Zhao of Jin (Yi)6Year ten: while drunk, he killed the Marquis of Cai and sent Qiji to besiege him. Qiji dwelt there and became Marquis of Cai.First year of Duke Yuan of Song (Zuo)43Year twelve: Marquis Ling went to Chu; Chu killed him and sent Qiji to dwell there, making him Marquis of Cai.2435517
53015Twelve, audience with Jin to the river, Jin apologized and returned.Eighteen, duke went to Jin.27Year eleven: the king attacked Xu to intimidate Wu and halted at Ganxi. The people were exhausted by corvée labor and resented the king.2Five, duke went to Jin, audience with successor ruler.4First year of Cai Lord Lu, Duke Jing's son.25Thirty-six, duke went to Jin.6First year of Wu Yu Mei
52916131938Twelve, Qi Ji caused disorder and self-established, King Ling committed suicide. Restored Chen and Cai.36Five, Chu King Ping restored Chen, established Duke Hui.Two, Chu King Ping restored us, established Duke Jing's son Lu.26First year of Duke Ding of Zheng (Ning)72
52817142049First year of King Ping of Chu (Ju), Gong Wang's son, Bao Yu.4763272First year of Duke Gong of Yan3
527jiaxuEighteen, queen's crown prince died.Fifteen, solar eclipse. Duke went to Jin, Jin detained for burial, duke ashamed.21510Two, king took Qin woman for crown prince, favored, took himself.5874First year of Duke Ping of Cao (Xu)324
526191622Six, duke died. Six ministers strong, ducal house lowly.1136985243First year of Wu Liao
52520Seventeen, fifth month new moon, solar eclipse. Comet seen at Chen.23First year of Duke Qing of Jin (Qu Ji)12Four, fought with Wu.710963Year five: there was fire; they wished to exorcise it. Zi Chan said, "It would be better to cultivate virtue."4Two, fought with Chu.
5242118242135Eight, fire.Eleven, fire.Ten, fire.7Four, Duke Ping died.Six, fire.Five, Duke Gong died.3
52322Nineteen, earthquake.253146912118First year of Duke Dao of Cao (Wu)7First year of Duke Ping of Yan4
52223Twenty, Qi Duke Jing with Yan Ying hunted, entered Lu asked ritual.Twenty-six, hunted Lu borders, thereby entered Lu.415Year seven: Wu She and Wu Shang were executed; Crown Prince Jian fled to Song, and wuxu fled to Wu.Year ten: the duke was untrustworthy. He treacherously killed the various princes. The crown prince of Chu, Jian, fled here; seeing the disorder, he went to Zheng.1312Nine, Duke Ping died. Ling Hou grandson Dongguo killed Ping Hou son self-established.2Eight, Chu crown prince Jian fled here from Song.2Five, Wu Yuan fled here.
52124Twenty-one, duke went Jin river, Jin apologized, returned. Solar eclipse.27516Eight, Cai lord fled here.111413First year of Cai Dao Hou Dongguo, fled Chu.3936
52025Twenty-two, solar eclipse.28Six, Zhou court disorder, duke pacified disorder, established King Jing.179121514241047
519First year of King JingTwenty-three, earthquake.29718Ten, Wu attacked defeated us.1316Year fifteen: Wu defeated our army and took Hu and Shen.35Eleven, Chu Jian caused disorder, executed him.5Eight, Gong Zi Guang defeated Chu.
5182Twenty-four, dove nested.30819Eleven, Wu Bei Liang people disputed mulberry, attacked took Zhongli.141716First year of Cai Zhao Hou Shen, Dao Hou younger brother.6Twelve, duke went Jin, requested bring king.69
517jiashen3Twenty-five, duke wished execute Ji clan, three Huan clans attacked duke, duke went resided Yun.31920121518172713710
5164Twenty-six, Qi took our Yun to place duke.Year thirty-two: a comet appeared. Yan Ying said, "The Tian clan has won merit in Qi—they are to be feared."Ten, Zhi Li and Zhao Yang brought the king into Wang Cheng.21Year thirteen: they wished to install Zixi, but Zixi would not accept. A woman of Qin was installed as King Zhao.First year of Duke Jing of Song (Tou Man)19183814811
515527331122First year of King Zhao of Chu (Zhen), executed Wu Ji to please the multitude.2201949159Twelve, Gong Zi Guang made Zhuan Zhu assassinate Liao, self-established.
5146Twenty-eight, duke went to Jin, sought entry, Jin did not permit, placed him at Qian Hou.34Twelve, six ministers executed ducal clan, divided their fiefs. Each made their son a grandee.232321205First year of Duke Xiang of Cao1610First year of Wu He Lu
5137Year twenty-nine: the duke went from Qianhou to Yun. The lord of Qi said, "My lord." The duke was ashamed and returned to Qianhou.35132434222162First year of Duke Xian of Zheng (Chan)112
51283036Fourteen, Duke Qing died.25Four: three princes of Wu fled here, and they were enfeoffed to guard against Wu.5232273212Three, three princes fled to Chu.
5119Thirty-one, solar eclipse.37First year of Duke Ding of Jin (Wu)26Five, Wu attacked our Liu and Qian.6242384313Four, attacked Chu Liu and Qian.
510Ten, Jin made feudal lords build city for us.Thirty-two, duke died at Qian Hou.38Two, led feudal lords to build city for Zhou.276725249Five, Duke Ping's younger brother Tong assassinated Duke Xiang self-established.4145
50911First year of Duke Ding of Lu (Song), Duke Zhao's funeral arrived from Qian Hou.39328Seven, Nang Wa attacked Wu, defeated us at Yu Zhang. Cai lord came for audience.82625Ten, audience with Chu, detained because of fur coat.First year of Duke Yin of Cao515Six, Chu attacked us, counterattacked, defeated them, took Chu's Ju Chao.
508122404298927261126167
507jiawu13341530Nine, Cai Duke Zhao detained three years, obtained fur coat, therefore returned.102827Twelve, with Zi Chang fur coat, obtained return, went to Jin, requested to attack Chu.37178
506Fourteen, with Jin led feudal lords to invade Chu.442Six, Zhou with us led feudal lords to invade Chu.Thirty-one, Chu Bao Xu requested aid.Year ten: Wu and Cai attacked us, entered Ying, and King Zhao fled. Wu Zixu flogged King Ping's tomb.11Twenty-nine, contended with Cai for precedence.28Thirteen, contended with Wei for precedence. Chu invaded us, Wu with us attacked Chu, entered Ying.4818Nine, with Cai attacked Chu, entered Ying.
50515Five, Yang Hu seized Ji Huan Zi, made alliance with him, released him. Solar eclipse.43732Eleven, Qin rescue arrived, Wu withdrew, King Zhao re-entered.1230First year of Duke Huai of Chen (Liu)14First year of Duke Jing of Cao (Lu)91910
504Sixteen, because Zi Zhao's followers caused disorder, king fled to Jin.644833Twelve, Wu attacked our Fan, Chu feared, moved to Ru.13312152Ten, Lu invaded us.First year of Duke Jian of YanEleven, attacked Chu, took Fan.
503Seventeen, Liu Zi welcomed king, Jin entered king.Seven, Qi attacked us.Forty-five, invaded Wei. Attacked Lu.Nine, entered Zhou King Jing.341314Thirty-two, Qi invaded us.316311212
50218Eight, Yang Hu wished to attack three Huan, three Huan attacked Yang Hu, Hu fled Yang Pass.Forty-six, Lu attacked us. We attacked Lu.Ten, attacked Wei.35Fourteen, Zi Xi wept for people, people also wept, Cai Duke Zhao feared.15Thirty-three, Jin, Lu invaded attacked us.Four, duke went to Wu, Wu detained him, died in Wu.17Four, Duke Jing died.123Thirteen, Chen Duke Huai came, detained him, died in Wu.
50119Nine, attacked Yang Hu, Hu fled to Qi.Forty-seven, imprisoned Yang Hu, Hu fled to Jin.Eleven, Yang Hu fled here.Thirty-six, Duke Ai died.15Sixteen, Yang Hu fled here.34First year of Chen Duke Min (Yue)18First year of Cao Bo YangThirteen, Duke Xian died.414
50020Ten, duke assembled Qi lord at Jia Gu. Confucius assisted. Qi returned our territory.4812First year of Qin Duke Hui, comet appeared.1617352192First year of Duke Sheng of Zheng, Zheng increasingly weak.515
49921114913Two, gave birth to Zhao Gong, Huai Gong, Jian Gong.171836320Year three: a man of the state dreamed that many gentlemen stood at the altar of soil and plotted to destroy Cao; Zhen Duo asked to wait for Gongsun Qiang, and they agreed.2616
49822Twelve, Qi came returned female musicians, Ji Huan Zi accepted them, Confucius left.Fifty, sent female musicians to Lu.1431819Thirty-seven, attacked Cao.421Four, Wei attacked us.3717
497jiachen231351Year fifteen: Zhao Yang attacked Fan and Zhonghang.41920Thirty-eight, Confucius came, gave salary like in Lu.52254818
4962414521652021Thirty-nine, crown prince Kuai Kui fled.Six, Confucius came.23Year six: Gongsun Qiang loved archery; he presented a wild goose, and the ruler made him Minister of Works—the man of the dream was Zixing.Five, Zi Chan died.9Year nineteen: Helu attacked Yue, which defeated us and wounded his finger; he died from the wound.
49525Fifteen, Duke Ding died. Solar eclipse.53176Twenty-one, extinguished Hu. Because Wu defeated us, broke with them.Twenty-two, Zheng attacked us.407247Six, attacked Song.10First year of Wu King Fu Chai
49426First year of Duke Ai of Lu (Jiang)Fifty-four, attacked Jin.Eighteen, Zhao Yang besieged Fan and Zhonghang at Zhao Ge. Qi and Wei attacked us.7Twenty-two, led feudal lords to besiege Cai.23Forty-one, attacked Jin.Eight, Wu attacked us.Twenty-five, Chu attacked us, because of Wu resentment.8711Two, attacked Yue.
493272Year fifty-five: sent grain to the Fan and Zhonghang clans.Year nineteen: Zhao Yang besieged Fan and Zhonghang. Zheng came to their rescue, and we defeated them.82324Year forty-two: Duke Ling died. Kuai Kui's son Zhe was installed. Jin brought the crown prince Kuai Kui to Qi.9Year twenty-six: fearing Chu, they secretly summoned men of Wu and begged to move the capital to Zhoulai, which was near Wu.9Year eight: we rescued the Fan and Zhonghang clans, fought Zhao Yang at Tie, and were defeated.123
49228Three, earthquake.5620924Twenty-five, Confucius passed through Song, Huan Hui disliked him.First year of Wei Chu Gong (Zhe)1027Ten, Song attacked us.9First year of Duke Xian of Yan4
491294Fifty-seven, begged to rescue Fan clan.Twenty-one, Zhao Yang took Han Dan and Bo Ren, possessed them.Ten, Duke Hui died.2526211Twenty-eight, grandees together executed Duke Zhao.111025
490305Fifty-eight, Duke Jing died. Established favored consort's son as crown prince.Year twenty-two: Zhao Yang defeated Fan and Zhonghang. Zhonghang fled to Qi. He attacked Wei.First year of Duke Dao of Qin2627Three, Jin attacked us, because of rescuing Fan clan.12First year of Duke Cheng of Cai (Shuo)121136
489316First year of Qi Yan Ru Zi, Tian Qi falsely established Yang Sheng, killed Ru Zi.232Twenty-seven, rescued Chen, king died at Cheng Fu.Twenty-eight, attacked Cao.4Thirteen, Wu attacked us, Chu came to rescue.2Thirteen, Song attacked us.124Seven, attacked Chen.
48832Year seven: the duke met the king of Wu at Zeng. Wu demanded a hundred sets of sacrificial animals; Ji Kangzi sent Zigong to decline.First year of Duke Dao of Qi (Yang Sheng)Twenty-four, invaded Wei.3First year of King Hui of Chu (Zhang)Twenty-nine, invaded Zheng, besieged Cao.Five, Jin invaded us.143Fourteen, Song besieged us, Zheng rescued us.135Eight, Lu assembled with us at Zeng.
487jiayin33Year eight: Wu, for Zhu's sake, attacked us and reached below the walls; they made covenant and withdrew. Qi took three of our cities.Two, attacked Lu, took three towns.254Two, Zi Xi summoned Jian Zi Sheng from Wu, became Bai Gong.Thirty, Cao doubled us, we extinguished them.6154Fifteen, Song extinguished Cao, captured Bo Yang.146Nine, attacked Lu.
4863493265Three, attacked Chen, because of Chen and Wu alliance.Thirty-one, Zheng besieged us, defeated them at Yong Qiu.7Sixteen, doubled Chu, allied with Wu.5Fifteen, besieged Song, defeated our army at Yong Qiu, attacked us.710
48535Ten, with Wu attacked Qi.Year four: Wu and Lu attacked us. Baozi killed Duke Dao, and the people of Qi installed his son Ren as Duke Jian.Twenty-seven, sent Zhao Yang to attack Qi.6Four, attacked Chen.Thirty-two, attacked Zheng.Eight, Confucius came from Chen.176168Eleven, with Lu attacked Qi to rescue Chen. Executed Wu Yuan.
48436Eleven, Qi attacked us. Ran You spoke, therefore welcomed Confucius, Confucius returned.First year of Duke Jian of Qi, Lu with Wu defeated us.287533Nine, Confucius returned to Lu.187179Twelve, with Lu defeated Qi.
48337Twelve, with Wu assembled at Tao Gao. Used field tax.2298Six, Bai Gong Sheng repeatedly requested Zi Xi to attack Zheng, because of father's resentment.34Ten, duke went to Jin, with Wu assembled at Tao Gao.198Eighteen, Song attacked us.10Thirteen, with Lu assembled at Tao Gao.
48238Thirteen, with Wu assembled at Huang Chi.3Thirty, with Wu assembled at Huang Chi, contended for precedence.9Seven, attacked Chen.Thirty-five, Zheng defeated our army.11209Nineteen, defeated Song army.11Fourteen, with Jin assembled at Huang Chi.
48139Fourteen: on a western hunt, a unicorn was captured. Duke Chu of Wei fled here.Year four: Tian Chang killed Duke Jian and installed his younger brother Ao as Duke Ping; Chang served as chancellor and monopolized state power.3110836Twelve, father Kuai Kui entered, Zhe fled.2110201215
48040Fifteen, Zi Fu Jing Bo sent to Qi, Zi Gong as intermediary, Qi returned our invaded territory.First year of Duke Ping of Qi (Ao), Duke Jing's grandson. Qi from this called Tian clan.32119Year thirty-seven: Mars occupied the Heart asterism. Zi Wei said, "Good."First year of Duke Zhuang of Wei (Kuai Kui)2211211316
47941Sixteen, Confucius died.23312Year ten: Duke Sheng of Bai killed Chief Minister Zixi and attacked King Hui. Duke Ye of Ye attacked Duke Sheng; Duke Sheng killed himself, and King Hui restored the state.382Twenty-three, Chu extinguished Chen, assassinated Duke Min.12221417
4784217334131139Year three: Duke Zhuang insulted the people of Rongzhou; the people of Rongzhou, with Zhao Jianzi, attacked Duke Zhuang, who fled.132315Eighteen, Yue defeated us.
477jiaziForty-three, King Jing died.Eighteen, died at twenty-seven.Four, died at twenty-five.Thirty-five, died at thirty-seven.Fourteen, died, son Duke Li Gong established.Twelve, died at fifty-seven.Forty-six, died at fourteen.First year of Wei Jun Qi, Shi Fu drove Qi out, Zhe re-entered.Fourteen, died at nineteen.Twenty-four, died at thirty-eight.Sixteen, died at twenty-eight.Nineteen, died at twenty-three.
367
The Grand Historian says: Confucian scholars cut the text into isolated meanings; itinerant polemicists unleash their rhetoric; and neither strives to grasp events from beginning to end. Calendar keepers focus on years and months, several schools exalt divine destiny, while genealogical records and secret accounts merely note posthumous names—their language is brief, but grasping the essentials comprehensively proves difficult. Therefore, I have created chronological tables for the twelve feudal lords, from the Gonghe administration until Confucius, making clear in tabular form the major outlines of rise and decline as criticized by scholars of the Spring and Autumn Annals and Discourses of the States, written in this chapter as an essential summary for those studying and interpreting ancient texts.

Footnotes

  1. Translator's note: This column does not appear in Sima Qian's original text. It is added here for convenience.
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