Monthly Chronicle of the Qin-Chu Interregnum

太史公讀秦楚之際，曰：初作難，發於陳涉；虐戾滅秦，自項氏；撥亂誅暴，平定海內，卒踐帝祚，成於漢家。五年之閒，號令三嬗。自生民以來，未始有受命若斯之亟

When the Grand Historian read the Qin-Chu interregnum, he said: 'The first outbreak of trouble arose from Chen She;' With cruelty and violence the Xiang clan extinguished Qin; They restored order and executed the violent, pacified All under Heaven, finally ascended the imperial throne, and accomplished it for the Han house. In the space of five years, authority changed hands three times. Since human beings first arose, no one had ever received the Mandate with such sudden urgency.

昔虞、夏之興，積善累功數十年，德洽百姓，攝行政事，考之于天，然後在位。湯、武之王，乃由契、后稷修仁行義十餘世，不期而會孟津八百諸侯，猶以為未可，其后乃放弒。秦起襄公，章於文、繆，獻、孝之後，稍以蠶食六國，百有餘載，至始皇乃能并冠帶之倫。以德若彼，用力如此，蓋一統若斯之難也。

In former times when Yu and Xia rose to power, they accumulated virtue and piled up merit for decades, their moral influence reaching the common people. They acted as regents and administered government affairs, were tested by Heaven, and only then took the throne. The kingship of Tang and Wu came from Xie and Hou Ji cultivating benevolence and practicing righteousness for more than ten generations; unexpectedly they gathered eight hundred feudal lords at Mengjin, yet still considered the time not yet right; only afterward did they overthrow and assassinate the tyrants. Qin arose with Duke Xiang, became eminent under Wen and Mu, and after Xian and Xiao gradually devoured the six states like a silkworm eating leaves, over more than a hundred years, until the First Emperor could unite the civilized states. Using virtue like that, employing force like this—truly unification is as difficult as this.

秦既稱帝，患兵革不休，以有諸侯也，於是無尺土之封，墮壞名城，銷鋒鏑，鉏豪桀，維萬世之安。然王跡之興，起於閭巷，合從討伐，軼於三代，鄉秦之禁，適足以資賢者為驅除難耳。故憤發其所為天下雄，安在無土不王。此乃傳之所謂大聖乎？豈非天哉，豈非天哉！非大聖孰能當此受命而帝者乎？

After Qin called itself emperor, it worried that warfare would never cease because of the feudal lords, so it granted no inch of land in enfeoffment, demolished famous cities, melted down weapons and arrows, uprooted heroes and bullies, to maintain peace for ten thousand generations. Yet the rise of kingly rule began in alleyways and marketplaces; alliances to attack and punish surpassed the Three Dynasties. Qin's prohibitions, as they bore upon the people, were just enough to give worthy men the means to clear away difficulty. Therefore, in a burst of anger he made himself a hero of All under Heaven—why should one without territory not become king? Is this not what the traditions call a "great sage"? Is it not Heaven's doing? Is it not Heaven's doing! Who but a great sage could have borne such a Mandate and risen as emperor?

公元前	秦	楚	項	趙	齊	漢	燕	魏	韓
209	二世元年
	七月	楚隱王陳涉起兵入秦。
	八月	二。葛嬰為涉徇九江，立襄彊為楚王。		武臣始至邯鄲，自立為趙王，始。
	九月。楚兵至戲。	三。周文兵至戲，敗。而葛嬰聞涉王，即殺彊。	項梁號武信君。	二	齊王田儋始。儋，狄人。諸田宗彊。從弟榮，榮弟橫。	沛公初起。	韓廣為趙略地至薊，自立為燕王始。	魏王咎始。咎在陳，不得歸國。
208	二年十月	四。誅葛嬰。	二	三	二。儋之起，殺狄令自王。	二。擊胡陵、方與，破秦監軍。	二	二
	十一月	五。周文死。	三	四。李良殺武臣，張耳、陳餘走。	三	三。殺泗水守。拔薛西。周市東略地豐沛閒。	三	三。齊、趙共立周市，市不肯，曰「必立魏咎」云。
	十二月	六。陳涉死。	四		四	四。雍齒叛沛公，以豐降魏。沛公還攻豐，不能下。	四	四。咎自陳歸，立。
	端月	楚王景駒始，秦嘉立之。	五。涉將召平矯拜項梁為楚柱國，急西擊秦。	趙王歇始，張耳、陳餘立之。	五。讓景駒以擅自王不請我。	五。沛公聞景駒王在留，往從，與擊秦軍碭西。	五	五。章邯已破涉，圍咎臨濟。
	二月	二。嘉為上將軍。	六。梁渡江，陳嬰、黥布皆屬。	二	六。景駒使公孫慶讓齊，誅慶。	六。攻下碭，收得兵六千，與故凡九千人。	六	六
	三月	三	七	三	七	七。攻拔下邑，遂擊豐，豐不拔。聞項梁兵眾，往請擊豐。	七	七
	四月	四	八。梁擊殺景駒、秦嘉，遂入薛，兵十餘萬眾。	四	八	八。沛公如薛見項梁，梁益沛公卒五千，擊豐，拔之。雍齒奔魏。	八	八。臨濟急，周市如齊、楚請救。
	五月		九	五	九	九	九	九
	六月	楚懷王始，都盱台，故懷王孫，梁立之。	十。梁求楚懷王孫，得之民閒，立為楚王。	六	十。儋救臨濟，章邯殺田儋。榮走東阿。	十。沛公如薛，共立楚懷王。	十	十。咎自殺，臨濟降秦。	韓王成始。
	七月	二。陳嬰為柱國。	十一。天大雨，三月不見星。	七	齊立田假為王，秦急圍東阿。	十一。沛公與項羽北救東阿，破秦軍濮陽，東屠城陽。	十一	咎弟豹走東阿。	二
	八月	三	十二。救東阿，破秦軍，乘勝至定陶，項梁有驕色。	八	楚救榮，得解歸，逐田假，立儋子市為齊王，始。	十二。沛公與項羽西略地，斬三川守李由於雍丘。	十二		三
	九月	四。徙都彭城。	十三。章邯破殺項梁於定陶，項羽恐，還軍彭城。	九	二。田假走楚，楚趨齊救趙。田榮以假故，不肯，謂「楚殺假乃出兵。」項羽怒田榮。	十三。沛公聞項梁死，還軍，從懷王，軍於碭。	十三	魏豹自立為魏王，都平陽，始。	四
	後九月。	五。拜宋義為上將軍。	懷王封項羽於魯，為次將，屬宋義，北救趙。	十。秦軍圍歇鉅鹿，陳餘出收兵。	三	十四。懷王封沛公為武安侯，將碭郡兵西，約先至咸陽王之。	十四	二	五
207	三年十月	六	二	十一。章邯破邯鄲，徙其民於河內。	四。齊將田都叛榮，往助項羽救趙。	十五。攻破東郡尉及王離軍於成武南。	十五。使將臧荼救趙。	三	六
	十一月	七。拜籍上將軍。	三。羽矯殺宋義，將其兵渡河救鉅鹿。	十二	五	十六	十六	四	七
	十二月	八	四。大破秦軍鉅鹿下，諸侯將皆屬項羽。	十三。楚救至，秦圍解。	六。故齊王建孫田安下濟北，從項羽救趙。	十七。（救趙）至栗，得皇訢、武蒲軍。與秦軍戰，破之。	十七	五。豹救趙。	八
	端月	九	五。虜秦將王離。	十四。張耳怒陳餘，棄將印去。	七	十八	十八	六	九
	二月	十	六。攻破章邯，章邯軍卻。	十五	八	十九。得彭越軍昌邑，襲陳留。用酈食其策，軍得積粟。	十九	七	十
	三月	十一	七	十六	九	二十。攻開封，破秦將楊熊，熊走滎陽，秦斬熊以徇。	二十	八	十一
	四月	十二	八。楚急攻章邯，章邯恐，使長史欣歸秦請兵，趙高讓之。	十七	十	二十一。攻潁陽，略韓地，北絕河津。	二十一	九	十二
	五月	二年一月	九。趙高欲誅欣，欣恐，亡走，告章邯謀叛秦。	十八	十一	二十二	二十二	十	十三
	六月	二	十。章邯與楚約降，未定，項羽許而擊之。	十九	十二	二十三。攻南陽守齮，破之陽城郭東。	二十三	十一	十四
	七月	三	十一。項羽與章邯期殷虛，章邯等已降，與盟，以邯為雍王。	二十	十三	二十四。降下南陽，封其守齮。	二十四	十二	十五。申陽下河南，降楚。
	八月。趙高殺二世。	四	十二。以秦降都尉翳、長史欣為上將，將秦降軍。	二十一。趙王歇留國。陳餘亡居南皮。	十四	二十五。攻武關，破之。	二十五	十三	十六
	九月子嬰為王。	五	十三	二十二	十五	二十六。攻下嶢及藍田。以留侯策，不戰皆降。	二十六	十四	十七
206	十月	六	十四。項羽將諸侯兵四十餘萬，行略地，西至於河南。	二十三。張耳從楚西入秦。	十六	二十七。漢元年，秦王子嬰降。沛公入破咸陽，平秦，還軍霸上，待諸侯約。	二十七	十五。從項羽略地，遂入關	十八
	十一月	七	十五。羽詐阬殺秦降卒二十萬人於新安。	二十四	十七	二十八。沛公出令三章，秦民大悅。	二十八	十六	十九
	十二月	八。分楚為四。	十六。至關中，誅秦王子嬰，屠燒咸陽。分天下，立諸侯。	二十五。分趙為代國。	十八。項羽怨榮，分齊為三國。	二十九。與項羽有纳，見之戲下，講解。羽倍約，分關中為四國。	二十九。臧荼從入，分燕為二國。	十七。分魏為殷國。	二十。分韓為河南國。

Years BCE	Qin	Chu	Xiang	Zhao	Qi	Han (Liu Bang)	Yan	Wei	Han (former state)
209	First year of the Second Emperor
	Seventh month	King Yin of Chu, Chen She, raised troops and marched into Qin.
	Eighth month	Two. Ge Ying for She toured Jiujiang, established Xiang Qiang as Chu king.		wuchen first reached Handan and declared himself King of Zhao.
	Ninth month. The Chu troops reached Xi.	Three. Zhou Wen's troops reached Xi and were defeated. When Ge Ying heard that Chen She had become king, he immediately killed Qiang.	Xiang Liang styled Martial Faith Lord.	Two	King Tian Dan of Qi first appears. Dan was a man of Di. Several branches of the Tian clan were powerful. His younger cousin was Rong; Rong's younger brother was Heng.	Pei Gong first rose.	Han Guang seized territory for Zhao as far as Ji, then declared himself King of Yan.	King Jiu of Wei began his reign. Jiu was at Chen and could not return to his state.
208	Second year tenth month	Four. Executed Ge Ying.	Two	Three	Second year. When Tian Dan rose, he killed the magistrate of Di and made himself king.	Second year. He attacked Huling and Fangyu and defeated the Qin supervising army.	Two	Two
	Eleventh month	Five. Zhou Wen died.	Three	Four. Li Liang killed wuchen, Zhang Er, Chen Yu fled.	Three	Three. Killed Si Shui guard. Pulled Xue west. Zhou Shi east seized territory Feng Pei between.	Three	Three. Qi and Zhao together wished to make Zhou Shi king, but Shi refused, saying, "Wei Jiu must be established."
	Twelfth month	Six. Chen She died.	Four		Four	Four. Yong Chi rebelled against Pei Gong and surrendered Feng to Wei. Pei Gong returned to attack Feng but could not take it.	Four	Four. Jiu from Chen returned, established.
	First month	King Jing Ju of Chu began his reign; Qin Jia established him.	Five. She general Zhao Ping falsely appointed Xiang Liang as Chu pillar state, urgently west attacked Qin.	King Xie of Zhao began his reign; Zhang Er and Chen Yu established him.	Five. Reprimanded Jing Ju for arbitrarily becoming king without consulting me.	Five. Pei Gong heard that King Jing Ju was at Liu; he went to join him, and together they attacked the Qin army west of Dang.	Five	Fifth year. After Zhang Han had defeated Chen She, he surrounded Jiu at Linji.
	Second month	Two. Jia became supreme general.	Six. Liang crossed Jiang, Chen Ying, Qing Bu all attached.	Two	Six. Jing Ju sent Gongsun Qing to reprimand Qi, executed Qing.	Six. Attacked and took Dang, gathered six thousand troops, with former altogether nine thousand.	Six	Six
	Third month	Three	Seven	Three	Seven	Seventh year. He attacked and captured Xiayi, then attacked Feng but could not take it. Hearing that Xiang Liang's troops were numerous, he went to request help attacking Feng.	Seven	Seven
	Fourth month	Four	Eighth year. Xiang Liang attacked and killed Jing Ju and Qin Jia, then entered Xue with more than 100,000 troops.	Four	Eight	Eight. Pei Gong went to Xue to see Xiang Liang; Liang added five thousand troops to Pei Gong's force, attacked Feng, and took it. Yong Chi fled to Wei.	Eight	Eighth year. Linji was in danger, so Zhou Shi went to Qi and Chu to request rescue.
	Fifth month		Nine	Five	Nine	Nine	Nine	Nine
	Sixth month	King Huai of Chu first appears. His capital was Xutai. He was the grandson of the former King Huai of Chu, and Xiang Liang established him.	Ten. Xiang Liang sought the grandson of King Huai of Chu, found him among the people, and established him as King of Chu.	Six	Ten. Dan rescued Linji, Zhang Han killed Tian Dan. Rong fled Dong'e.	Ten. Pei Gong went to Xue; together they established King Huai of Chu.	Ten	Ten. Jiu committed suicide, Linji surrendered to Qin.	King Cheng of Han began his reign.
	Seventh month	Two. Chen Ying became pillar state.	Eleventh year. Heavy rain fell from the sky, and for three months the stars were not seen.	Seven	Qi established Tian Jia as king, Qin urgently surrounded Dong'e.	Eleven. Pei Gong and Xiang Yu went north to rescue Dong'e, defeated the Qin army at Puyang, and slaughtered eastward at Chengyang.	Eleven	Jiu younger brother Bao fled Dong'e.	Two
	Eighth month	Three	Twelfth year. They rescued Dong'e, defeated the Qin army, and rode the victory to Dingtao. Xiang Liang showed signs of arrogance.	Eight	Chu rescued Rong, allowing him to return, expelled Tian Jia, and established Shi, son of Dan, as King of Qi.	Twelve. Pei Gong and Xiang Yu went west to seize territory and beheaded Sanchuan commandant Li You at Yongqiu.	Twelve		Three
	Ninth month	Four. Moved capital Pengcheng.	Thirteen. Zhang Han defeated and killed Xiang Liang at Dingtao, Xiang Yu feared, returned army Pengcheng.	Nine	Two. Tian Jia fled to Chu; Chu urged Qi to rescue Zhao. Because of Jia, Tian Rong refused, saying, "Only if Chu kills Jia will I send troops." Xiang Yu was angry at Tian Rong.	Thirteen. Pei Gong heard that Xiang Liang had died, returned with his army, followed King Huai of Chu, and encamped at Dang.	Thirteen	Wei Bao declared himself King of Wei and made Pingyang his capital.	Four
	After nine months.	Five. Appointed Song Yi as supreme general.	King Huai of Chu enfeoffed Xiang Yu at Lu, made him deputy general, and assigned him to Song Yi; they went north to rescue Zhao.	Ten. Qin army surrounded Xie Julu, Chen Yu went out gathered troops.	Three	Fourteen. King Huai of Chu enfeoffed Pei Gong as Marquis of Wu'an, had him lead the troops of Dang commandery westward, and agreed that whoever first entered Xianyang would be king.	Fourteen	Two	Five
207	Third year tenth month	Six	Two	Eleven. Zhang Han broke Handan, moved its people to Henei.	Four. Qi general Tian Du rebelled against Rong, went to assist Xiang Yu rescue Zhao.	Fifteen. Attacked and broke Dongjun wei and Wang Li army at Chengwu south.	Fifteen. Sent general Zang Tu rescue Zhao.	Three	Six
	Eleventh month	Seven. Appointed Ji supreme general.	Three. Yu falsely killed Song Yi, led his troops crossed river rescued Julu.	Twelve	Five	Sixteen	Sixteen	Four	Seven
	Twelfth month	Eight	Fourth year. He greatly defeated the Qin army below Julu, and the generals of the feudal lords all submitted to Xiang Yu.	Thirteen. Chu rescue arrived, Qin siege lifted.	Six. Former Qi king Jian grandson Tian An took Jibei, followed Xiang Yu rescued Zhao.	Seventeen. (Rescue Zhao) arrived Li, got Huang Xin, Wu Pu army. Battled with Qin army, broke it.	Seventeen	Five. Bao rescued Zhao.	Eight
	First month	Nine	Five. Captured Qin general Wang Li.	Fourteen. Zhang Er angry at Chen Yu, abandoned general seal left.	Seven	Eighteen	Eighteen	Six	Nine
	Second month	Ten	Six. Attacked and broke Zhang Han, Zhang Han army retreated.	Fifteen	Eight	Nineteen. Got Peng Yue army Changyi, raided Chenliu. Used Li Yiji strategy, army got stored grain.	Nineteen	Seven	Ten
	Third month	Eleven	Seven	Sixteen	Nine	Twentieth year. He attacked Kaifeng and defeated the Qin general Yang Xiong. Xiong fled to Xingyang, and Qin beheaded him as a warning.	Twenty	Eight	Eleven
	Fourth month	Twelve	Eight. Chu urgently attacked Zhang Han, Zhang Han feared, sent chief clerk Xin return Qin request troops, Zhao Gao refused him.	Seventeen	Ten	Twenty-one. Attacked Yingyang, raided Han lands, north cut off river crossings.	Twenty-one	Nine	Twelve
	Fifth month	Second year first month	Nine. Zhao Gao desired execute Xin, Xin feared, fled ran away, told Zhang Han plotting rebel Qin.	Eighteen	Eleven	Twenty-two	Twenty-two	Ten	Thirteen
	Sixth month	Two	Tenth year. Zhang Han made an agreement with Chu to surrender, but the matter was not yet settled; Xiang Yu accepted the agreement and then attacked him.	Nineteen	Twelve	Twenty-three. Attacked Nanyang defender Yi, broke him east of Yangcheng walls.	Twenty-three	Eleven	Fourteen
	Seventh month	Three	Eleven. Xiang Yu met Zhang Han at Yinxu. Zhang Han and the others had already surrendered; Xiang Yu made a covenant with them and made Zhang Han King of Yong.	Twenty	Thirteen	Twenty-fourth year. He took Nanyang by surrender and enfeoffed its defender, Yi.	Twenty-four	Twelve	Fifteen. Shen Yang took Henan, surrendered to Chu.
	Eighth month. Zhao Gao killed Second Emperor.	Four	Twelve. Made Qin surrender major Yi, chief clerk Xin supreme generals, led Qin surrender army.	Twenty-one. Zhao king Xie stayed in state. Chen Yu fled resided Nanpi.	Fourteen	Twenty-five. Attacked Wuguan, broke it.	Twenty-five	Thirteen	Sixteen
	Ninth month Ziying became king.	Five	Thirteen	Twenty-two	Fifteen	Twenty-six. Attacked took Yao and Lantian. With Liu Hou strategy, without battle all surrendered.	Twenty-six	Fourteen	Seventeen
206	Tenth month	Six	Fourteenth year. Xiang Yu led more than 400,000 troops of the feudal lords, advanced while seizing territory, and reached Henan in the west.	Twenty-three. Zhang Er followed Chu west entered Qin.	Sixteen	Twenty-seven. Han first year, Qin prince Ziying surrendered. Pei Gong entered broke Xianyang, pacified Qin, returned army Baxiang, awaited feudal lords agreement.	Twenty-seven	Fifteen. Followed Xiang Yu raided lands, then entered Guan.	Eighteen
	Eleventh month	Seven	Fifteen. Yu fraudulently pit killed Qin surrender soldiers two hundred thousand people at Xin'an.	Twenty-four	Seventeen	Twenty-eight. Pei Gong issued three chapter proclamation, Qin people greatly pleased.	Twenty-eight	Sixteen	Nineteen
	Twelfth month	Eight. Divided Chu into four.	Sixteen. Arrived Guan Zhong, executed Qin prince Ziying, massacred burned Xianyang. Divided the world, established feudal lords.	Twenty-five. Divided Zhao into Dai state.	Eighteen. Xiang Yu resented Rong, divided Qi into three states.	Twenty-nine. Had grievance with Xiang Yu, met him below Xi, made peace. Yu broke agreement, divided Guanzhong into four states.	Twenty-nine. Zang Tu followed entered, divided Yan into two states.	Seventeen. Divided Wei into Yin state.	Twenty. Divided Han into Henan state.

公元前	秦	楚		項		趙		齊			漢				燕		魏		韓
	九。義帝元年。諸侯尊懷王為義帝。	十七。項籍自立為西楚霸王。	分為衡山。	分為臨江。	分為九江。	二十六。更名為常山。	分為代。	十九。更名為臨菑。	分為濟北。	分為膠東。	正月。。分關中為漢。	分關中為雍。	分關中為塞。	分關中為翟。	三十。燕	分為遼東。	十八。更為西魏。	分為殷。	二十一。韓	分為河南。
	二。徙都江南郴。	西楚主伯，項籍始，為天下主命，主十八王。	王吳芮始，故番君。	王共敖始，故楚柱國。	王英布始，故楚將。	王張耳始，故楚將。	二十七。。王趙歇始，故趙王。	王田都始，故齊將。	王田安始，故齊將。	二十。王田市始，故齊王。	二月。。漢王始，故沛公。	王章邯始，故秦將。	王司馬欣始，故秦將。	王董翳始，故秦將。	王臧荼始，故燕將。	三十一。王韓廣始，故燕王。	十九。王魏豹始，故魏王。	王司馬卬始，故趙將。	二十二。王韓成始，故韓將。	王申陽始，故楚將。
	三	二。都彭城。	二。都邾。	二。都江陵。	二。都六。	二。都襄國。	二十八。都代。	二。都臨菑。	二。都博陽。	二十一。都即墨。	三月。都南鄭。	二。都廢丘。	二。都櫟陽。	二。都高奴。	二。都薊。	三十二。都無終。	二十。都平陽。	二。都朝歌。	二十三。都陽翟。	二。都洛陽。
	四	三。諸侯罷戲下兵，皆之國。	三	三	三	三	二十九	三	三	二十二	四月	三	三	三	三	三十三	二十一	三	二十四	三
	五	四	四	四	四	四	三十	四。田榮擊都，都降楚。	四	二十三	五月	四	四	四	四	三十四	二十二	四	二十五	四
	六	五	五	五	五	五	三十一	齊王田榮始，故齊相。	五	二十四。田榮擊殺市。	六月	五	五	五	五	三十五	二十三	五	二十六	五
	七	六	六	六	六	六	三十二	二	六。田榮擊殺安。	屬齊。	七月	六	六	六	六	三十六	二十四	六	二十七。項羽誅成。	六
	八	七	七	七	七	七	三十三	三	屬齊。		八月	七。邯守廢丘，漢圍之。	七。欣降漢，國除。	七。翳降漢，國除。	七	三十七。臧荼擊廣無終，滅之。	二十五	七	韓王鄭昌始，項羽立之。	七
	九	八	八	八	八	八	三十四	四			九月	八	屬漢，為渭南、河上郡。	屬漢為上郡。	八	屬燕。	二十六	八	二	八
205	十。項羽滅義帝。	九	九	九	九	九。耳降漢。	三十五。歇復王趙。	五			十月。王至陝。	九			九		二十七	九	三	九
		十	十	十	十		三十六	六			十一月	十。漢拔我隴西。			十		二十八	十	韓王信始，漢立之。	屬漢，為河南郡。
		十一	十一	十一	十一	歇以陳餘為代王，故成安君。	三十七	七			十二月	十一			十一		二十九	十一	二
		十二	十二	十二	十二	二	三十八	八。項籍擊榮，走平原平原民殺之。			正月	十二。漢拔我北地。			十二		三十	十二	三
		二年一月	二年一月	十三	二年一月	三	三十九	項籍立故齊王田假為齊王。			二月	二年一月			二年一月		三十一	十三	四
		二	二	十四	二	四	四十	二。田榮弟橫反城陽，擊假，走楚，楚殺假。			三月。王擊殷。	二			二		三十二。降漢。	十四。降漢，卬廢。	五
		三。項羽以兵三萬破漢兵五十六萬。	三	十五	三	五	四十一	齊王田廣始。廣，榮子，橫立之。			四月。王伐楚至彭城，壞走。	三			三		三十三。從漢伐楚。	為河內郡，屬漢。	六。從漢伐楚。
		四	四	十六	四	六	四十二	二			五月。王走滎陽。	四			四		三十四。豹歸，叛漢。		七
		五	五	十七	五	七	四十三	三			六月。王入關，立太子。復如滎陽。	五。漢殺邯廢丘。			五		三十五		八
		六	六	十八	六	八	四十四	四			七月	屬漢，為隴西、北地、中地郡。			六		三十六		九
		七	七	十九	七	九	四十五	五			八月				七		三十七		十
		八	八	二十	八	十	四十六	六			九月				八		三十八。漢將信虜豹。		十一
		九	九	二十一	九	十一	四十七	七			後九月。				九		屬漢，為河東、上黨郡。		十二
204		十	十	二十二	十	十二。漢將韓信斬陳餘。	四十八。漢滅歇。	八			三年十月				十				二年一月
		十一	十一	二十三	十一	屬漢，為太原郡。	屬漢，為郡。	九			十一月				十一				二
		十二	十二	二十四	十二。布身降漢，地屬項籍。			十			十二月				十二				三
		三年一月	三年一月	二十五				十一			正月				三年一月				四
		二	二	二十六				十二			二月				二				五
		三	三	二十七				十三			三月				三				六
		四	四	二十八				十四			四月。楚圍王滎陽。				四				七
		五	五	二十九				十五			五月				五				八
		六	六	三十				十六			六月				六				九
		七	七	三十一。王敖薨。				十七			七月。王出滎陽。				七				十
		八	八	臨江王驩。始，敖子。				十八			八月。周苛、樅公殺魏豹。				八				十一
		九	九	二				十九			九月				九				十二
203		十	十	三				二十			四年十月				十				三年一月
		十一。漢將韓信破殺龍且。	十一	四		趙王張耳始，漢立之。		二十一。漢將韓信擊殺廣。			十一月				十一				二
		十二	十二	五		二		屬漢，為郡。			十二月				十二				三
		四年一月	四年一月	六		三					正月				四年一月				四
		二	二	七		四		齊王韓信始，漢立之。			二月。立信王齊。				二				五
		三。漢御史周苛入楚，死。	三	八		五		二			三月。周苛入楚。				三				六
		四	四	九		六		三			四月。王出滎陽。豹死。				四				七
		五	五	十		七		四			五月				五				八
		六	六	十一		八		五			六月				六				九
		七	七	十二	淮南王英布始，漢立之。	九		六			七月。立布為淮南王。				七				十
		八	八	十三	二	十		七			八月				八				十一
		九	九	十四	三	十一		八			九月。太公、呂后歸自楚。				九				十二
202		十	十	十五	四	十二		九			五年十月				十				四年一月
		十一	十一	十六	五	二年一月		十			十一月				十一				二
		十二。誅籍。	十二	十七。漢虜驩。	六	二		十一			十二月				十二				三
		齊王韓信徙楚王。	十三。徙王長沙。	屬漢，為南郡。	七。淮南國	三。趙國		十二。徙王楚，屬漢，為四郡。			正月。殺項籍，天下平，諸侯臣屬漢。				五年一月。燕國		復置梁國。		四。韓王信徙王代，都馬邑。	分臨江為長沙國。
		二	屬淮南國。		八	四					二月。甲午，王更號，即皇帝位於定陶。				二		梁王彭越始。		五	衡山王吳芮為為長沙王。
		三			九	五					三月				三		二		六	二
		四			十	六					四月				四		三		七	三
		五			十一	七					五月				五		四		八	四
		六			十二	八					六月。帝入關。				六		五		九	五
		七			二年一月	九。耳薨，謚景王。					七月				七		六		十	六。薨，謚文王。
		八			二	趙王張敖始，耳子。					八月。帝自將誅燕。				八		七		十一	長沙成王臣始，芮子。
		九。王得故項羽將鍾離辚，斬之以聞。			三	二					九月				九。反漢，虜荼。		八		十二	二
		十			四	三					後九月。				燕王盧綰始，漢太尉。		九		五年一月	三

BCE	Qin	Chu		Xiang		Zhao		Qi			Han (Liu Bang)				Yan		Wei		Han (former state)
	Nine. Righteous Emperor first year. Feudal lords honored Huai Wang as Righteous Emperor.	Seventeenth year. Xiang Ji declared himself Hegemon-King of Western Chu.	Divided into Hengshan.	Divided into Linjiang.	Divided into Jiujiang.	Twenty-six. Changed name to Changshan.	Divided into Dai.	Nineteen. Changed name to Linzi.	Divided into Jibei.	Divided into Jiaodong.	First month. Divided Guanzhong into Han.	Divided Guanzhong into Yong.	Divided Guanzhong into Sai.	Divided Guanzhong into Di.	Thirty. Yan	Divided into Liaodong.	Eighteen. Changed to Western Wei.	Divided into Yin.	Twenty-one. Han	Divided into Henan.
	Two. Moved capital to southern Jiangnan Chen.	Xiang Ji began as Hegemon-King of Western Chu, holding authority over All under Heaven and presiding over the eighteen kings.	King Wu Rui began his reign; he had formerly been Lord of Fan.	King Gong Ao began his reign; he had formerly been a Pillar of State of Chu.	King Ying Bu began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Chu.	King Zhang Er began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Chu.	Twenty-seven. King Zhao Xie began his reign; he had formerly been King of Zhao.	King Tian Du began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Qi.	King Tian An began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Qi.	Twenty. King Tian Shi began his reign; he had formerly been King of Qi.	Second month. The King of Han began his reign; he was the former Pei Gong.	King Zhang Han began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Qin.	King Sima Xin began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Qin.	King Dong Yi began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Qin.	King Zang Tu began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Yan.	Thirty-one. King Han Guang began his reign; he had formerly been King of Yan.	Nineteen. King Wei Bao began his reign; he had formerly been King of Wei.	King Sima Ang began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Zhao.	Twenty-two. King Han Cheng began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Han.	King Shen Yang began his reign; he had formerly been a general of Chu.
	Three	Two. Capital Pengcheng.	Two. Capital Zhu.	Two. Capital Jiangling.	Two. Capital Liu.	Two. Capital Xiangguo.	Twenty-eight. Capital Dai.	Two. Capital Linzi.	Two. Capital Boyang.	Twenty-one. Capital Jimo.	Third month. Capital Nanzheng.	Two. Capital Feiqiu.	Two. Capital Yueyang.	Two. Capital Gaonu.	Two. Capital Ji.	Thirty-two. Capital Wuzhong.	Twenty. Capital Pingyang.	Two. Capital Zhaoge.	Twenty-three. Capital Yangdi.	Two. Capital Luoyang.
	Four	Three. Feudal lords dismissed Xi troops, all went to their states.	Three	Three	Three	Three	Twenty-nine	Three	Three	Twenty-two	Fourth month	Three	Three	Three	Three	Thirty-three	Twenty-one	Three	Twenty-four	Three
	Five	Four	Four	Four	Four	Four	Thirty	Four. Tian Rong attacked Du, Du surrendered to Chu.	Four	Twenty-three	Fifth month	Four	Four	Four	Four	Thirty-four	Twenty-two	Four	Twenty-five	Four
	Six	Five	Five	Five	Five	Five	Thirty-one	King Tian Rong of Qi began his reign; he had formerly been Chancellor of Qi.	Five	Twenty-four. Tian Rong attacked killed Shi.	Sixth month	Five	Five	Five	Five	Thirty-five	Twenty-three	Five	Twenty-six	Five
	Seven	Six	Six	Six	Six	Six	Thirty-two	Two	Six. Tian Rong attacked killed An.	Belonged to Qi.	Seventh month	Six	Six	Six	Six	Thirty-six	Twenty-four	Six	Twenty-seven. Xiang Yu executed Cheng.	Six
	Eight	Seven	Seven	Seven	Seven	Seven	Thirty-three	Three	Belonged to Qi.		Eighth month	Seven. Han defended Feiqiu, Han surrounded him.	Seven. Xin surrendered to Han, state eliminated.	Seven. Yi surrendered to Han, state eliminated.	Seven	Thirty-seven. Zang Tu attacked Guang Wuzhong, extinguished it.	Twenty-five	Seven	King Zheng Chang of Han began his reign; Xiang Yu established him.	Seven
	Nine	Eight	Eight	Eight	Eight	Eight	Thirty-four	Four			Ninth month	Eight	Belonged to Han, became Weinan, Heshang commanderies.	Belonged to Han as Shang commandery.	Eight	Belonged to Yan.	Twenty-six	Eight	Two	Eight
205	Ten. Xiang Yu extinguished Righteous Emperor.	Nine	Nine	Nine	Nine	Nine. Er surrendered to Han.	Thirty-five. Xie again became king of Zhao.	Five			Tenth month. King arrived at Shan.	Nine			Nine		Twenty-seven	Nine	Three	Nine
		Ten	Ten	Ten	Ten		Thirty-six	Six			Eleventh month	Ten. Han captured our Longxi.			Ten		Twenty-eight	Ten	King Xin of Han began his reign; Han established him.	Belonged to Han, became Henan commandery.
		Eleven	Eleven	Eleven	Eleven	Xie made Chen Yu Dai king, former Cheng'an lord.	Thirty-seven	Seven			Twelfth month	Eleven			Eleven		Twenty-nine	Eleven	Two
		Twelve	Twelve	Twelve	Twelve	Two	Thirty-eight	Eight. Xiang Ji attacked Rong. Rong fled to Pingyuan, where the people of Pingyuan killed him.			First month	Twelve. Han captured our Beidi.			Twelve		Thirty	Twelve	Three
		Second year first month	Second year first month	Thirteen	Second year first month	Three	Thirty-nine	Xiang Ji established former Qi king Tian Jia as Qi king.			Second month	Second year first month			Second year first month		Thirty-one	Thirteen	Four
		Two	Two	Fourteen	Two	Four	Forty	Two. Tian Rong younger brother Heng rebelled Chengyang, attacked Jia, fled Chu, Chu killed Jia.			Third month. King attacked Yin.	Two			Two		Thirty-two. Surrendered to Han.	Fourteen. Surrendered to Han, Ang deposed.	Five
		Three. Xiang Yu with troops thirty thousand broke Han troops fifty-six thousand.	Three	Fifteen	Three	Five	Forty-one	King Tian Guang of Qi began his reign. Guang was Rong's son, and Heng established him.			Fourth month. King attacked Chu reached Pengcheng, defeated fled.	Three			Three		Thirty-three. Followed Han attacked Chu.	Became Hedong commandery, belonged to Han.	Six. Followed Han attacked Chu.
		Four	Four	Sixteen	Four	Six	Forty-two	Two			Fifth month. The king fled to Xingyang.	Four			Four		Thirty-four. Bao returned, rebelled against Han.		Seven
		Five	Five	Seventeen	Five	Seven	Forty-three	Three			Sixth month. The king entered the passes and established the crown prince. He again went to Xingyang.	Five. Han killed Han at Feiqiu.			Five		Thirty-five		Eight
		Six	Six	Eighteen	Six	Eight	Forty-four	Four			Seventh month	Belonged to Han, became Longxi, Beidi, Zhongdi commanderies.			Six		Thirty-six		Nine
		Seven	Seven	Nineteen	Seven	Nine	Forty-five	Five			Eighth month				Seven		Thirty-seven		Ten
		Eight	Eight	Twenty	Eight	Ten	Forty-six	Six			Ninth month				Eight		Thirty-eight. Han general Xin captured Bao.		Eleven
		Nine	Nine	Twenty-one	Nine	Eleven	Forty-seven	Seven			Later ninth month.				Nine		Belonged to Han, became Hedong, Shangdang commanderies.		Twelve
204		Ten	Ten	Twenty-two	Ten	Twelve. Han general Han Xin executed Chen Yu.	Forty-eight. Han extinguished Xie.	Eight			Third year tenth month				Ten				Second year first month
		Eleven	Eleven	Twenty-three	Eleven	Belonged to Han, became Taiyuan commandery.	Belonged to Han, became commandery.	Nine			Eleventh month				Eleven				Two
		Twelve	Twelve	Twenty-four	Twelve. Bu personally surrendered to Han, lands belonged to Xiang Ji.			Ten			Twelfth month				Twelve				Three
		Third year first month	Third year first month	Twenty-five				Eleven			First month				Third year first month				Four
		Two	Two	Twenty-six				Twelve			Second month				Two				Five
		Three	Three	Twenty-seven				Thirteen			Third month				Three				Six
		Four	Four	Twenty-eight				Fourteen			Fourth month. Chu besieged the king at Xingyang.				Four				Seven
		Five	Five	Twenty nine				Fifteen			Fifth month				Five				Eight
		Six	Six	Thirty				Sixteen			Sixth month				Six				Nine
		Seven	Seven	Thirty one. King Ao passed away.				Seventeen			Seventh month. The king left Xingyang.				Seven				Ten
		Eight	Eight	King Huan of Linjiang began his reign. He was Ao's son.				Eighteen			Eighth month. Zhou Ke, Song Gong killed Wei Bao.				Eight				Eleven
		Nine	Nine	Two				Nineteen			Ninth month				Nine				Twelve
203		Ten	Ten	Three				Twenty			Fourth year tenth month				Ten				Third year first month
		Eleventh. Han general Han Xin defeated and killed Long Ju.	Eleven	Four		King Zhang Er of Zhao began his reign; Han established him.		Twenty first. Han general Han Xin attacked and killed Guang.			Eleventh month				Eleven				Two
		Twelve	Twelve	Five		Two		Belonged to Han, became a commandery.			Twelfth month				Twelve				Three
		Fourth year first month	Fourth year first month	Six		Three					First month				Fourth year first month				Four
		Two	Two	Seven		Four		King Han Xin of Qi began his reign; Han established him.			Second month. Established Xin as king of Qi.				Two				Five
		Third. Han imperial secretary Zhou Ke entered Chu, died.	Three	Eight		Five		Two			Third month. Zhou Ke entered Chu.				Three				Six
		Four	Four	Nine		Six		Three			Fourth month. The king left Xingyang. Bao died.				Four				Seven
		Five	Five	Ten		Seven		Four			Fifth month				Five				Eight
		Six	Six	Eleven		Eight		Five			Sixth month				Six				Nine
		Seven	Seven	Twelve	King Ying Bu of Huainan began his reign; Han established him.	Nine		Six			Seventh month. Established Bu as Huainan king.				Seven				Ten
		Eight	Eight	Thirteen	Two	Ten		Seven			Eighth month				Eight				Eleven
		Nine	Nine	Fourteen	Three	Eleven		Eight			Ninth month. Taigong, Empress Lü returned from Chu.				Nine				Twelve
202		Ten	Ten	Fifteen	Four	Twelve		Nine			Fifth year tenth month				Ten				Fourth year first month
		Eleven	Eleven	Sixteen	Five	Second year first month		Ten			Eleventh month				Eleven				Two
		Twelfth. Executed Ji.	Twelve	Seventeenth. Han captured Huan.	Six	Two		Eleven			Twelfth month				Twelve				Three
		Qi king Han Xin moved to Chu king.	Thirteenth. Moved king to Changsha.	Belonged to Han, became Nanguo commandery.	Seven. Huainan state	Three. Zhao state		Twelfth. Moved king to Chu, belonged to Han, became four commanderies.			First month. Xiang Ji was killed, the realm was pacified, and the feudal lords became subjects of Han.				Fifth year first month. Yan state		Reestablished Liang state.		Fourth. Han king Xin moved to king Dai, capital Mayi.	Divided Linjiang to become Changsha state.
		Two	Belonged to Huainan state.		Eight	Four					Second month. Jiawu day, the king changed his title, assumed the emperor position at Dingtao.				Two		King Peng Yue of Liang began his reign.		Five	Hengshan king Wu Rui became Changsha king.
		Three			Nine	Five					Third month				Three		Two		Six	Two
		Four			Ten	Six					Fourth month				Four		Three		Seven	Three
		Five			Eleven	Seven					Fifth month				Five		Four		Eight	Four
		Six			Twelve	Eight					Sixth month. The emperor entered the pass.				Six		Five		Nine	Five
		Seven			Second year first month	Ninth. Er passed away, posthumous title King Jing.					Seventh month				Seven		Six		Ten	Sixth. Passed away, posthumous title King Wen.
		Eight			Two	King Zhang Ao of Zhao began his reign; he was Er's son.					Eighth month. The emperor personally led troops to execute Yan.				Eight		Seven		Eleven	King Cheng of Changsha, named Chen, began his reign; he was Rui's son.
		Ninth. The king captured Zhongli Mo, a former general of Xiang Yu, and executed him, reporting the matter to the court.			Three	Two					Ninth month				Ninth. Rebelled against Han, captured Tu.		Eight		Twelve	Two
		Ten			Four	Three					After nine months.				King Lu Wan of Yan began his reign; he had been Han Grand Marshal.		Nine		Fifth year first month	Three

秦失其鹿，羣雄競逐。狐鳴楚祠，龍興沛谷。武臣自王，魏豹必復。田儋據齊，英布居六。項王主命，義帝見戮。以月繫年，道悠運速。洶洶天下，瞻烏誰屋？真人霸上，卒享天祿。

Qin lost the empire, and rival heroes raced to seize it. A fox cried in the Chu shrine, and the dragon rose from the valley of Pei. Wu Chen made himself king, and Wei Bao revived Wei. Tian Dan held Qi, and Ying Bu made his seat at Liu. King Xiang held command, while the Righteous Emperor was murdered. The table links years by months; the course was long, and fortune moved swiftly. All under Heaven seethed, and no one knew whose roof the crow would choose. The true ruler appeared at Bashang and finally received Heaven's allotted blessing.

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