1
三年春正月乙丑朔，以大行太皇太后在殯，不視朝。 癸酉，升許州爲潁昌府。 丙子，降潁昌囚罪一等，徒以下釋之。 戊寅，上太皇太后諡曰慈聖光獻。 戊子，詔審刑院、刑部斷議官失入者，歲具數罰之。 己丑，高麗國遣使來貢。 白虹貫日。 辛卯，于闐國大首領阿令顛顙溫等來貢。 癸巳，白虹貫日。
Spring, year three, yichou new moon: the court held no audience while the late empress dowager lay in state. On guiyou, Xu was raised to Yingchang prefecture. On bingzi, Yingchang sentences were lightened one grade and laborers were freed. On wuyin, the late empress dowager received the title Cisheng Guangxian. On wuzi, misjudging sentencing officials faced yearly tallies and penalties. On jichou, Goryeo presented tribute. A white rainbow crossed the sun. On xinmao, Khotan’s chief Alingdian Suwen and others offered tribute. On guisi, a white rainbow crossed the sun again.
2
二月丙午，以翰林學士章惇參知政事。 丙辰，始御崇政殿視朝。 丁巳，命輔臣禱雨。
Second month, bingwu: Zhang Dun joined the council as participating administrator. On bingchen, the throne first held audience in Chongzheng Hall. On dingsi, chief ministers were told to pray for rain.
3
三月乙丑，工部侍郎、同平章事吳充罷爲觀文殿大學士、西太一宮使。 癸酉，葬慈聖光獻皇后于永昭陵。 丙子，南丹州入貢，以刺史印賜之。 乙酉，祔慈聖光獻皇后神主于太廟。 戊子，降兩京、河陽囚罪一等，民緣山陵役者，蠲其賦。 己丑，以慈聖光獻皇后弟昭德軍節度使曹佾爲司徒兼中書令，改護國軍節度使，余親屬加恩有差。
Third month, yichou: Wu Chong left the council for Hanlin scholar-at-large and West Great One commissioner. On guiyou, Cisheng Guangxian was interred at Yongzhao. On bingzi, Nandan paid tribute and received a prefect’s seal. On yiyou, her tablet joined the Ancestral Temple. On wuzi, capital and Heyang sentences were lightened and mausoleum laborers were freed from tax. On jichou, Cao Yi became grand mentor and councilor, took Huguo command, and kin were rewarded by degree.
4
夏四月乙未，觀文殿大學士吳充薨。 丁酉，封宗暉爲濮陽郡王，濮安懿王子孫皆進官一等。 己亥，遼遣耶律永芳等來賀同天節。 乙巳，以瀘州夷乞弟侵擾，詔邊將討之。 戊申，乞弟寇戎州，兵官王宣等戰歿。 甲寅，罷群牧行司，復置提舉買馬監牧司。 乙卯，令御史分案諸路監司。 庚申，詔御史台六察以糾劾多寡爲殿最，任滿取旨升黜。 辛酉，增國子監歲賜錢六千緡。
Fourth month, yiwei: Wu Chong died. On dingyou, Zonghui became Prince of Puyang and Pu’an Yi’s line rose one grade. On jihai, Yelü Yongfang came from Liao for Shared Heaven. On yisi, Qi Di’s Luzhou raids drew orders for border commanders to strike. On wushen, Qi Di hit Rongzhou; Wang Xuan and others fell. On jiayin, the pastoral acting office closed and the horse-purchase directorate returned. On yimao, censors were assigned cases over circuit commissioners. On gengshen, censorial bureaus were ranked by impeachment counts and posted by imperial order. On xinyou, the imperial academy gained six thousand strings yearly.
5
五月乙丑，詔自今三伏內，五日一御前殿。 辛巳，以潁昌進士劉堂上《制盜十策》，授徐州蕭縣尉。 甲申，復命韓存寶經制瀘夷。 詔改都大提舉導洛通汴司爲都提舉汴河堤岸司。 是月，青州臨朐、益都石化爲面。
Fifth month, yichou: during the three fu heats, audience came every five days. On xinsi, Liu Tang’s ten anti-bandit policies won him Xiao county magistrate. On jiashen, Han Cunbao resumed command over Luz barbarians. The Luo-Bian water office became the Bian embankment directorate. That month, stone at Linqu and Yidu reportedly turned to flour.
6
六月甲午，日有五色雲。 戊戌，詔省宗室教授，存十三員。 丙午，詔中書詳定官制。 罷兵部勾當公事官。 詔河北、河東、陝西路各選文武官一員提舉義勇保甲。 壬子，詔罷中書門下省主判官，歸其事於中書。 是月，安州、臨江軍產芝及連理麥。
Sixth month, jiawu: five-colored clouds ringed the sun. On wuxu, clan lecturers were cut to thirteen. On bingwu, the Secretariat was to codify the official hierarchy. War ministry assignment clerks were abolished. Each of Hebei, Hedong, and Shaanxi posted one officer for volunteers and baojia. On renzi, Secretariat-Chancellery chief administrators were removed and work went to the Secretariat. That month, auspicious fungus and twin wheat appeared at An and Linjiang.
7
秋七月庚午，河決澶州。 甲戌，詔自今遇大禮罷上尊號。 癸未，彗出太微垣。 丙戌，避殿減膳，詔求直言。 丁亥，罷群神從祀明堂。 戊子，太白晝見。
Seventh month, gengwu: the Yellow River broke at Cao. On jiaxu, great rites no longer brought honorific titles for the throne. On guiwei, a comet rose in the Taiwei asterism. On bingxu, the throne left court, ate sparingly, and called for frank remonstrance. On dinghai, minor gods were dropped from Bright Hall rites. On wuzi, Venus shone at noon.
8
八月乙巳，罷省、寺、監官領空名者。 癸丑，遣王存等賀遼主生辰、正旦。 戊午，彗不見。 九月壬戌，增宣祖定州東安墳地二十頃及守園戶。 丙寅，御殿復膳。 乙亥，正官名。 以開府儀同三司易中書令、侍中、同平章事，特進易左、右僕射，自是以下至承務郎易秘書省校書郎、正字、將作監主簿有差，檢校僕射以下及階散憲銜並罷，詳在《職官志》。 辛巳，大饗明堂，以英宗配，赦天下。 癸未，薛向、孫固並爲樞密副使。 乙酉，詔即景靈宮作十一殿，以時王禮祠祖宗。 以王安石爲特進，改封荊國公。 丙戌，進封岐王顥爲雍王，嘉王頵爲曹王，並爲司空。 文彥博爲太尉。 封曹佾爲濟陽郡王，宗旦爲華陰郡王。 馮京爲樞密使。 薛向罷知潁州。 丁亥，以呂公著爲樞密副使。 閏九月乙卯，加文彥博河東、永興軍節度使，以富弼爲司徒。
Eighth month, yisi: honorary posts in ministries and directorates were stripped. On guichou, Wang Cun’s mission wished Liao birthday and New Year. On wuwu, the comet faded. Ninth month, renxu: twenty qing and guard households were added to Xuanzu’s Ding tomb. On bingyin, the throne returned to court and full rations. On yihai, official titles were standardized. Grand councilor posts became open-folder grandees, vice premiers became specially advanced, lower ranks were remapped to secretariat and works clerks, and acting or honorary titles were dropped—see Offices and Titles. On xinsi, the Bright Hall rite paired Yingzong and an empire-wide amnesty followed. On guiwei, Xue Xiang and Sun Gu joined the military commission as deputies. On yiyou, Jingling gained eleven halls for seasonal ancestral rites. Wang Anshi became specially advanced Duke of Jing. On bingxu, Hao became Prince of Yong and Juan Prince of Cao, both works ministers. Wen Yanbo became grand marshal. Cao Yi became Prince of Jiyang and Zongdan Prince of Huayin. Feng Jing headed the military commission. Xue Xiang left for Ying prefecture. On dinghai, Lü Gongzhu joined the military commission as deputy. Intercalary ninth month, yimao: Wen Yanbo took Hedong and Yongxing; Fu Bi became grand mentor.
9
十一月己丑朔，日當食，雲陰不見。 十二月甲辰，遼遣蕭偉等來賀正旦。
Eleventh month, jichou new moon: an eclipse was due but clouds hid it. Twelfth month, jiachen: Xiao Wei came from Liao for New Year.
10
四年春正月乙未，命步軍都虞候林廣代韓存寶經制瀘夷。 庚子，詔試進士加律義。 辛亥，于闐來貢。 馮京罷知河陽。 孫固知樞密院，龍圖閣直學士韓縝同知樞密院事。
Spring, year four, yiwei: Lin Guang replaced Han Cunbao over Luz barbarians. On gengzi, jinshi candidates faced an added penal-code section. On xinhai, Khotan presented tribute. Feng Jing left for Heyang. Sun Gu led the military commission and Han Zhen served as co-administrator.
11
二月辛未，置秦州鑄錢監。 己卯，分東南團結諸軍爲十三將。
Second month, xinwei: Qinzhou got a mint. On jimao, southeast united troops split into thirteen commands.
12
三月乙未，詔在京官毋舉辟執政有服親。 癸卯，章惇罷知蔡州。 甲辰，以翰林學士張璪參知政事。 乙巳，命官閱九軍營陣法于京城南。 戊申，大閱。 丙辰，董氈遣使來貢。
Third month, yiwei: capital officials could not recommend mourning kin to the council. On guimao, Zhang Dun went to Cai prefecture. On jiachen, Zhang Zao joined the council. On yisi, officials inspected nine-army formations south of the city. On wushen, a grand military review was held. On bingchen, Dongzhan offered tribute.
13
夏四月癸亥，遼遣耶律祐等來賀同天節。 御延和殿閱試保甲。 己巳，詔罷南郊合祭天地，自今親祀北郊，如南郊儀，有故不行，則以上公攝事。 壬申，慮囚。 山陰縣主簿餘行之謀反，伏誅。 乙酉，河決澶州小吳埽。
Fourth month, guihai: Yelü You came from Liao for Shared Heaven. At Yanhe Hall the throne reviewed baojia drills. On jisi, combined southern rites ended; the throne would worship at the northern suburb, with a senior duke as stand-in when needed. On renshen, prisoners were reviewed. Yu Xingzhi of Shanyin rebelled and was put to death. On yiyou, the Yellow River broke Xiaowusao at Cao.
14
五月丁酉，詔河東路提點刑獄劉定專振被水民。 戊申，封晉程嬰爲成信侯，公孫杵臼爲忠智侯，立廟於絳州。
Fifth month, dingyou: Liu Ding was to aid Hedong flood victims. On wushen, Cheng Ying and Gongsun Chujiu received marquisates and temples at Jiang.
15
六月戊午，河北諸郡蝗生。 癸未，命提點開封府界諸縣公事楊景略、提舉開封府界常平等事王得臣督諸縣捕蝗。
Sixth month, wuwu: locusts struck Hebei. On guiwei, Yang Jinglüe and Wang Dechen directed metropolitan counties against locusts.
16
秋七月己丑，太白晝見。 庚寅，西邊守臣言夏人囚其主秉常，詔陝西、河東路討之。 甲午，鄜延、涇原、環慶、熙河、麟府路各賜金銀帶、錦襖、銀器、鞍轡、象笏。 甲辰，韓存寶坐逗留無功伏誅。 丁未，大軍進攻米脂砦。 己酉，詔曾鞏充史館修撰，專典史事。 詔內外官司舉官悉罷。 令大理卿崔台符同尚書吏部，審官東西、三班院議選格。
Seventh month, jichou: Venus at noon. On gengyin, Xia’s imprisonment of Bingchang brought orders for Shaanxi and Hedong to attack. On jiawu, five western circuits received belts, brocade, silver, saddlery, and ivory tablets. On jiachen, Han Cunbao was put to death for delay and failure. On dingwei, imperial forces assaulted Mizhi fort. On jiyou, Zeng Gong was named history compiler in charge of annals. All official nomination by ministries was abolished. Cui Taifu joined Personnel and the review bureaus to draft selection rules.
17
八月乙卯朔，罷中書堂選，悉歸有司。 丙辰，詔蠲河北東路災傷州軍今年夏料役錢。 辛酉，夏人寇臨川堡，詔董氈會兵伐之。 以金州刺史燕達爲武康軍節度使。 己巳，復置滑州。 丁丑，熙河經制李憲敗夏人於西市新城，獲酋首三人、首領二十余人。 庚辰，又襲破于女遮穀，斬獲甚衆。 辛巳，司馬光、趙彥若上所修《百官公卿年表》十卷，《宗室世表》三卷。
Eighth month, yimao new moon: Secretariat promotions ended and selection returned to the ministries. On bingchen, summer levies were forgiven in storm-hit Hebei East posts. On xinyou, a Xia raid on Linchuan drew Dongzhan into counterattack. Yan Da moved from Jin to Wukang command. On jisi, Huazhou was re-established. On dingchou, Li Xian routed Xia at Xishi New City and took three chieftains and over twenty leaders. On gengchen, Li Xian struck again at Nüzhe Valley and took a heavy toll. On xinsi, Sima Guang and Zhao Yanruo submitted ten juan of official annals and three juan of clan tables.
18
九月乙酉，董氈遣使來貢，且言已遣首領洛施軍篤喬阿公等將兵三萬會擊夏國。 李憲復蘭州古城。 戊子，蘭州新順首領巴令謁等三族率所部兵攻夏人撒逋宗城，敗之。 己亥，王珪上《國朝會要》。 壬寅，閱河北保甲於崇政殿，官其優者三十六人。 甲辰，祥定郊廟奉祀禮儀。 丙午，詔諭夏主左右并嵬名部族諸部首領，并許自歸。 戊申，太白犯斗。 庚戌，夏兵救米脂砦，鄜延經略副使-种諤率衆擊破之。 辛亥，种諤又敗夏人於無定川。
Ninth month, yiyou: Dongzhan’s tribute envoys promised thirty thousand allies under Luoshi and Junduqiao for the Xia campaign. Li Xian retook ancient Lanzhou. On wuzi, Balinye’s three allied tribes stormed Sabozong and beat the Xia garrison. On jihai, Wang Gui submitted the dynastic institutional compendium. On renyin, the court reviewed Hebei baojia at Chongzheng Hall and commissioned thirty-six top men. On jiachen, suburban and temple rites were codified. On bingwu, Xia courtiers and Weiming chiefs were told they might come over freely. On wushen, Venus crossed the Dipper. On gengxu, Zhong E smashed Xia relief columns marching on Mizhi. On xinhai, Zhong E beat Xia again at the Wuding River.
19
十月丁巳，米脂砦降。 己未，拂菻國來貢。 庚申，熙河兵至女遮谷，與夏人遇，戰敗之。 乙丑，涇原兵至磨哆隘，遇夏人，與其統軍梁大王戰，敗之，追奔二十里，斬大首領沒囉臥沙、監軍使梁格鬼等十五級，獲首領統軍侄訖多埋等二十二人。 己巳，入銀州。 庚午，環慶行營經略使高遵裕復清遠軍。 种諤遣曲珍等領兵通黑水安定堡，路遇夏人，與戰，破之，斬獲甚衆。 癸酉，復韋州。 乙亥，李憲敗夏人于屈吳山。 丁丑，曲珍與夏人戰於蒲桃山，敗之。 戊寅，种諤入夏州。 詔諸將存撫降人。 辛巳，史館修撰曾鞏乞收采名臣高士事蹟遺文，詔從之。 涇原節制王中正入宥州。
Tenth month, dingsi: Mizhi fortress capitulated. On jiwei, Fuolin presented tribute. On gengshen, Hexi troops met and routed Xia at Nüzhe Valley. On yichou, Jingyuan troops crushed Liang the Great King at Moduo Pass, chased them twenty li, and took fifteen heads and twenty-two prisoners. On jisi, Song forces entered Yinzhou. On gengwu, Gao Zunyu retook Qingyuan Army. Zhong E sent Qu Zhen to secure Black Water and Anding; en route they ambushed Xia and took many heads. On guiyou, Weizhou was retaken. On yihai, Li Xian routed Xia at Quwu Mountain. On dingchou, Qu Zhen beat Xia at Putao Mountain. On wuyin, Zhong E marched into Xiazhou. Generals were ordered to feed and register the surrendered. On xinsi, Zeng Gong won approval to collect writings of famous ministers and recluses. Wang Zhongzheng of Jingyuan entered Youzhou.
20
十一月癸未朔，日有食之。 丁亥，諸軍合攻靈州，种諤敗夏人于黑水。 己丑，李憲敗夏人於囉逋川。 辛卯，种諤降橫河平人戶，破石堡城，斬獲甚衆。 辛丑，師還。 癸卯，种諤至夏州索家平，兵衆三萬人，以無食而潰。 丙午，高遵裕以師還，夏人來追，遂潰。 十二月辛未，林廣破乞弟于納江。 乙亥，慈聖光獻皇后禫祭，宰臣王珪等上表請聽樂，不許，自是五表，乃從之。 戊寅，遼遣蕭福全等來賀正旦。
Eleventh month, guimao new moon: a solar eclipse. On dinghai, the coalition besieged Lingzhou while Zhong E routed Xia on the Black Water. On jichou, Li Xian beat Xia on the Luobu River. On xinmao, Zhong E took Hengheping families, stormed Shibao, and slaughtered the garrison. On xinchou, the campaign force withdrew. On guimao, Zhong E’s thirty thousand starved into rout at Suojiaping. On bingwu, Gao Zunyu’s retreat turned into a rout under Xia pursuit. Twelfth month, xinwei: Lin Guang crushed Qi Di on the Najiang. On yihai, after five pleas from Wang Gui and the cabinet, music was allowed at the empress dowager’s end-of-mourning rites. On wuyin, Liao envoys came for New Year.
21
五年春正月癸未朔，不受朝。 丙申，御宣德門觀燈。 己亥，白虹貫日。 庚子，責授高遵裕郢州團練副使、本州安置。 乙巳，作新渾儀、浮漏。 辛亥，詔再議西討，以熙河經制李憲爲涇原、熙河蘭會安撫制置使，李浩權安撫副使。
Fifth year, spring, guimao new moon: no court audience. On bingshen, the emperor watched lanterns at Xuande Gate. On jihai, a white rainbow spanned the sun. On gengzi, Gao Zunyu was punished with exile as Ezhou training vice commissioner. On yisi, new astronomical instruments were cast. On xinhai, Li Xian was put in charge of the western front with Li Hao as his deputy.
22
三月壬辰，親策進士。 甲午，策武舉。 己亥，以日當食，避殿減膳，赦天下，降死罪一等，流以下原之。 詔杭州歲修吳越王墳廟。 壬寅，鄜延路副總管曲珍敗夏人于金湯。 乙巳，賜進士、諸科出身千四百二十八人。 丙午，雨土。
Third month, renchen: the palace examination for jinshi. On jiawu, the military examination was held. On jihai, eclipse observances brought amnesty and one-grade sentence cuts through exile. Hangzhou was ordered to maintain the Wu-Yue royal shrines annually. On renyin, Qu Zhen routed Xia at Jintang. On yisi, 1,428 degree holders of jinshi and other subjects received posts. On bingwu, dust fell like rain from the sky.
23
夏四月壬子朔，日食不見。 甲寅，御殿復膳。 丁巳，遼遣耶律永端等來賀同天節。 己未，沈括奏遣曲珍將兵綏德城，應援討葭蘆寨左右見聚羌落，詔從之。 乙丑，以直龍圖閣徐禧知制誥、權御史中丞。 癸酉，官制成。 以王珪爲尚書左僕射兼門下侍郎，蔡確爲尚書右僕射兼中書侍郎。 甲戌，太中大夫章惇爲門下侍郎，張璪爲中書侍郎，翰林學士薄宗孟爲尚書左丞，翰林學士王安禮爲尚書右丞。 錄唐段秀實後，復其家。 丁丑，同知樞密院呂公著罷知定州。
Fourth month, renzi new moon: the eclipse passed unseen. On jiayin, the court ended eclipse austerity and resumed banquets. On dingsi, Liao envoys came for Shared Heaven. On jiwei, Shen Kuo won approval to send Qu Zhen from Suide against Jialu and neighboring Qiang camps. On yichou, Xu Xi became drafting edict-writer and acting censor-in-chief. On guiyou, the new official system was finished. Wang Gui became left vice premier; Cai Que became right vice premier. On jiaxu, Zhang Dun and Zhang Zan took the vice ministries; Bo Zongmeng and Wang Anli became left and right vice directors. Tang loyalist Duan Xiushi’s line was re-enrolled and restored. On dingchou, Lü Gongzhuo left the council for Dingzhou.
24
五月辛已朔，行官制。 丁亥，賞蠻將士有差。 癸巳，豐州卒張世矩等作亂，伏誅。 其党王安以母老，詔特原之。 作尚書省。 戊戌，詔兩省官人舉可任御史者各二人。 甲辰，遣給事中徐禧治鄜延邊事。
Fifth month, xinsi new moon: the new bureaucracy went into force. On dinghai, frontier soldiers received graded rewards. On guisi, Zhang Shiju’s Fengzhou mutiny ended in execution. Wang An, a co-conspirator, was spared for his mother’s sake. The new Ministry compound was completed. On wuxu, each palace official was told to name two censor candidates. On jiachen, Xu Xi was dispatched to oversee the Fuyan frontier.
25
八月庚戌朔，封御侍武氏爲才人。 壬子，進封均國公傭爲延安郡王。 以昭容朱氏爲賢妃。 庚申，帝有疾。 詔歲以四孟月朝獻景靈宮。 辛未，遣韓忠彥等賀遼主生辰、正旦。 鳳州團練使种諤以行軍迂道，降授文州刺史。 壬申，詔罷增減幕職、州縣官奉。 甲戌，城永樂。 戊寅，河決原武。
Eighth month, gengxu new moon: Attendant Wu became Talented Lady. On renzi, Duke Yong of Junguo became Prince of Yan’an. Concubine Zhu was raised to Honored Consort. On gengshen, the emperor was ill. Four times a year the court was to worship at Jingling Palace. On xinwei, Han Zhongyan’s mission left for Liao. Zhong E lost rank to Wenshi prefect for marching by a roundabout route. On renshen, salary adjustments for staff and county officials ended. On jiaxu, fortifications rose at Yongle. On wuyin, the Yellow River burst at Yuanwu.
26
九月丁亥，夏人三十萬衆寇永樂，曲珍戰不利，裨將寇偉等死之，夏人遂圍城。 己丑，帝以疾愈，降京畿囚罪一等，徒以下釋之。 壬辰，遣使行視畿縣民被水患者。 乙未，詔張世矩等將兵救永樂砦。 戊戌，永樂陷，給事中徐禧、內侍李舜舉、陝西轉運判官李稷死之。 己亥，詔客省、引進、四方館、東西上閣門各置使、副等職。 庚子，安化蠻寇宜州，知州王奇死之，詔贈忠州防禦使。 辛丑，賞董氈將士有差。 癸卯，滑州河水溢。
Ninth month, dinghai: three hundred thousand Xia hit Yongle; Qu Zhen was beaten back, Kou Wei fell, and the city was encircled. On jichou, the emperor’s recovery brought capital amnesty down to penal labor. On renchen, inspectors toured flood-stricken capital counties. On yiwei, Zhang Shiju was ordered to march to Yongle’s relief. On wuxu, Yongle fell and Xu Xi, Li Shunju, and Li Ji died in the disaster. On jihai, guest and gate offices received formal commissioners and deputies. On gengzi, Wang Qi died defending Yizhou against Anhua Yi and was ennobled posthumously. On xinchou, Dongzhan’s troops received graded rewards. On guimao, the Yellow River flooded Huazhou.
27
冬十月辛亥，洛口、廣武大河溢。 甲寅，知延州沈括以措置乖方，責授均州團練副使、隨州安置； 鄜延路副都總管曲珍以城陷敗走，降授皇城使。 丙辰，修定景靈宮儀。 乙丑，詔贈永樂死事臣徐禧金紫光祿大夫、吏部尚書，李舜舉昭化軍節度使，並賜諡忠湣，李稷朝奉大夫、工部侍郎，入內高品張禹勤皇城使，各推恩賜贈有差。 癸酉，貶知太原府、資政殿大學士呂惠卿知單州。
Tenth month, xinhai: the Yellow River burst at Luokou and Guangwu. On jiayin, Shen Kuo was exiled to Junzhou for botching the frontier; Qu Zhen was stripped to Imperial City commissioner for abandoning Yongle. On bingchen, Jingling Palace ritual was codified. On yichou, Yongle’s dead were ennobled—Xu Xi and Li Shunju as Zhongmin, Li Ji and Zhang Yuqin among the rest. On guiyou, Lü Huiqing was sent down from Taiyuan to Danzhou.
28
十一月戊寅朔，罷御史察諸路。 壬午，景靈宮成，告遷祖宗神御。 癸未，初行酌獻禮。 乙酉，以奉安神御赦天下，官與享大臣子若孫一人。 庚寅，紫宸殿宴侍祠官。 十二月丁巳，新樂成。 以賢妃周氏爲德妃。 辛酉，塞原武決河。 丙寅，休日御延和殿，引進對官十人。 辛未，西南龍蕃來貢。 壬申，遼遣耶律儀等來賀正旦。 丙子，錄永樂死事將皇城使寇偉等十三人及東上閣門副使景思誼等九十人，贈賜有差。
Eleventh month, wuyin new moon: circuit censor patrols ended. On renwu, Jingling Palace was finished and the ancestral regalia were summoned. On guimao, the court first performed the libation offering. On yiyou, enshrinement brought amnesty and posts for ministers’ sons and grandsons. On gengyin, Zichen Hall feasted the ritual officers. Twelfth month, dingsi: the new court music was finished. Honored Consort Zhou was raised to Virtuous Consort. On xinyou, the Yuanwu Yellow River breach was sealed. On bingyin, a rest-day audience at Yanhe Hall brought in ten officials. On xinwei, southwestern Dragon Fan sent tribute. On renshen, Yelü Yi came from Liao for New Year. On bingzi, Yongle’s dead were honored: Kou Wei and twelve other officers, Jing Siyi and eighty-nine more, with graded posthumous rewards.
29
六年春正月丁丑朔，御大慶殿受朝，始用新樂。 儀鸞司徹幕屋壞，毀玉輅。 甲申，白虹貫日。 丁亥，朝獻景靈宮。 己丑，層檀入貢。 庚寅，御宣德門觀燈。 癸巳，詔御史六察罷上下半年更易法。 乙未，詔修周、漢以來陵廟。 乙巳，御崇政殿閱武士。 丙午，封楚三閭大夫屈平爲忠潔侯。
Year six, first month, dingchou new moon: New Year court at Daqing Hall debuted the new state music. A Ceremonial Escort shed collapse wrecked the jade carriage. On jiashen, a white rainbow crossed the sun. On dinghai, he worshipped at Jingling Palace. On jichou, sandalwood tribute was received. On gengyin, he watched lantern displays at Xuande Gate. On guisi, the six Censorate circuit inspectors ended semiannual rotation. On yiwei, Zhou- and Han-era imperial tombs and temples were ordered restored. On yisi, he inspected troops at Chongzheng Hall. On bingwu, Qu Yuan was enfeoffed Marquis Loyal and Pure.
30
二月丁未，夏人數十萬衆攻蘭州，鈐轄王文鬱率死士七百餘人擊走之。 丙辰，以夏人犯蘭州，貶熙河經略使李憲爲經略安撫都總管，以王文鬱爲西上閣門使、知蘭州，副使李浩爲四方館使。 甲子，詔供備庫使高遵治、西京左藏庫副使張壽各降一官。
Second month, dingwei: Wang Wenyu’s seven hundred picked men repulsed a massive Xia assault on Lanzhou. On bingchen, after the Lanzhou raid Li Xian was demoted to frontier commissioner-general; Wang Wenyu took Lanzhou and Li Hao became Four Directions commissioner. On jiazi, Gao Zunzhi and Zhang Shou each lost one office rank.
31
三月辛卯，夏人寇蘭州，副總管李浩以衛城有功，復隴州團練使。 乙未，休日御延和殿，引進對官八人。 丙申，河東將薛義敗夏人于葭蘆西嶺。 戊戌，以檢校太尉、上柱國、太原郡開國公王拱辰爲武安軍節度使。 麟、府州將郭忠詔等敗夏人於乜離抑部，詔行賞有差。 己亥，河東將高永翼敗夏人於真卿流部。
Third month, xinmao: Li Hao’s defense of Lanzhou won back his Longzhou regimental command. On yiwei, a rest-day Yanhe audience brought in eight officials. On bingshen, Xue Yi beat Xia at Jialu Western Ridge. On wuxu, Wang Gongchen became Wu’an military commissioner. Guo Zhongshao and other Lin-Fu officers routed Xia at Nie-li-yi; rewards followed. On jihai, Gao Yongyi defeated Xia at Zhenqing-liu.
32
夏四月己酉，朝獻景靈宮。 辛亥，遼遣蕭固等來賀同天節。 甲子，禮部郎中林希上《兩朝寶訓》。 李浩敗夏人于巴義溪。 辛未，雨土。 壬申，御邇英閣，蔡卞進講《周禮》。
Fourth month, jiyou: he worshipped at Jingling Palace. On xinhai, Xiao Gu came from Liao for Shared Heaven. On jiazi, Lin Xi presented the Two Dynasties Precious Instructions. Li Hao routed Xia at Bayi Stream. On xinwei, dust fell like rain. On renshen, Cai Bian lectured on the Zhou Rituals at Erying Hall.
33
五月丙子朔，于闐入貢。 甲申，以時暑，趣決開封、大理獄。 庚寅，以旱，慮囚。 甲午，夏人寇蘭州，右侍禁韋定死之。 癸卯，詔賜資州孝子支漸粟帛。 是月，夏人寇麟州，知州訾虎敗之。 六月乙巳朔，詔御史台六察各置御史一員。 癸丑，詔御史中丞、兩省官各舉可任言事或監察御史五人。
Fifth month, bingzi new moon: Khotan sent tribute. On jiashen, summer heat sped Kaifeng and Supreme Court trials. On gengyin, drought prompted a prison review. On jiawu, Wei Ding fell defending Lanzhou against Xia. On guimao, the filial son Zhi Jian of Zizhou received grain and cloth. That month, Zi Hu beat back a Xia raid on Linzhou. Sixth month, yisi new moon: each of the six Censorate inspections gained a dedicated censor. On guichou, the censor-in-chief and inner-court officials each nominated five men for remonstrance or censor duty.
34
閏月乙亥朔，夏主秉常請修貢，許之。 戊寅，詔陝西、河東毋輒出兵。 丙戌，詔內外文武各舉應武舉一人。 汴水溢。 丙申，太師、守司徒、韓國公富弼薨，諡文忠。
Intercalary month, yihai new moon: Bingchang’s tribute mission was allowed. On wuyin, Shaanxi and Hedong were forbidden to mobilize on their own. On bingxu, every office was to nominate one candidate for the military exam. The Bian Canal burst its banks. On bingshen, Grand Mentor Fu Bi died and was posthumously styled Loyal.
35
秋七月乙卯，祔孝惠、孝章、淑德、章懷皇后于廟。 丙辰，以四後祔廟，降京畿囚罪一等，流以下原之。 孫固罷知河陽。 以同知樞密院韓縝知樞密院，戶部尚書安燾同知樞密院。 戊午，朝獻景靈宮。
Seventh month, yimao: Empresses Xiaohui, Xiaozhang, Shude, and Zhanghuai entered the imperial temple. On bingchen, the four empresses’ enshrinement brought a one-grade amnesty in the capital circuit and release below exile. Sun Gu left the Heyang post. Han Zhen became Military Affairs Commissioner and An Tao his associate. On wuwu, he worshipped at Jingling Palace.
36
八月丙子，賜升祔陪祠官宴於尚書省。 己卯，太白晝見。 乙酉，遣蔡京等賀遼主生辰、正旦。 辛卯，蒲宗孟罷，王安禮爲尚書左丞，吏部尚書李清臣爲尚書右丞。
Eighth month, bingzi: collateral-sacrifice officials dined at the Ministry of Revenue. On jimao, Venus appeared in daylight. On yiyou, Cai Jing led the Liao birthday and New Year mission. On xinmao, Pu Zongmeng stepped down; Wang Anli and Li Qingchen became left and right vice ministers.
37
九月癸卯朔，日有食之。
Ninth month, guimao new moon: solar eclipse.
38
冬十月癸酉朔，秉常遣使上表，請復修職貢，乞還舊疆。 戊子，封孟軻爲鄒國公。 癸巳，會稽郡王世清薨。 庚子，尚書省成。 辛丑，封馬援爲忠顯王。
Tenth month, guiyou new moon: Bingchang asked to restore tribute and recover former territory. On wuzi, Mencius became Duke of Zou. On guisi, Prince Shiqing of Kuaiji died. On gengzi, the Ministry of Revenue hall was finished. On xinchou, Ma Yuan was enfeoffed King Loyal and Manifest.
39
十二月癸卯，加上仁宗諡曰體天法道極功全德神文聖武睿哲明孝皇帝，英宗曰體乾應曆隆功盛德憲文肅武睿神宣孝皇帝。 甲辰，朝獻景靈宮。 乙巳，朝享太廟。 丙午，祀昊天上帝於圜丘，赦天下。 甲寅，文彥博乙太師致仕。 乙卯，以觀文殿大學士韓絳爲建雄軍節度使。 庚申，幸尚書省，官執政五服內未仕者一人，進尚書以下官一等。
Twelfth month, guimao: Renzong and Yingzong received their full posthumous honorific titles. On jiachen, he worshipped at Jingling Palace. On yisi, he worshipped at the ancestral temple. On bingwu, Heaven was sacrificed to at the Circular Mound and the realm was amnestied. On jiayin, Grand Mentor Wen Yanbo retired. On yimao, Han Jiang became Jianxiong military commissioner. On gengshen, at the Ministry of Revenue each chief minister’s unplaced fifth-degree mourner gained one rank up to director and below.
40
七年春正月丙午，封洺州防禦使世准爲安定郡王。 癸丑，夏人寇蘭州，李憲等擊走之。 甲寅，以賢妃朱氏爲德妃。
Year seven, first month, bingwu: Shizhun became Prince of Anding. On guichou, Li Xian repulsed a Xia raid on Lanzhou. On jiayin, Zhu of Worthy Favor became Virtuous Favor.
41
二月甲戌，太師文彥博入覲，置酒垂拱殿。 癸未，進封濮陽郡王宗暉爲嗣濮王，封宗晟爲高密郡王，宗綽爲建安郡王，宗隱爲安康郡王，宗瑗爲漢東郡王，宗愈爲華原郡王。
Second month, jiaxu: retired Grand Mentor Wen Yanbo was received and feasted at Chui’gong Hall. On guiwei, Zonghui became heir Prince of Pu while Zongcheng, Zongchuo, Zongyin, Zongyuan, and Zongyu received new princely titles.
42
三月辛丑，賜文彥博宴于瓊林苑，帝制詩以賜之。 庚申，御崇政殿大閱。 壬戌，詔賜鬼章寫經紙，還其所獻馬。 癸亥，白虹貫日。
Third month, xinchou: Wen Yanbo was banqueted at Qionlin Garden and given an imperial poem. On gengshen, troops were reviewed at Chongzheng Hall. On renxu, Gui Zhang received paper for copying sutras and had his tribute horses sent back. On guihai, a white rainbow crossed the sun.
43
夏四月辛未，大食國來貢。 乙亥，遼遣蕭浹等來賀同天節。 丁丑，賜饒州童子朱天錫五經出身。 丙戌，景靈宮天元殿門生芝草六本。 壬辰，朝獻景靈宮。 癸巳，夏人寇延州安塞堡，將官呂真敗之。
Fourth month, xinwei: Dashi sent tribute. On yihai, Xiao Jia came from Liao for Shared Heaven. On dingchou, Zhu Tiansi of Raozhou passed the Five Classics examination. On bingxu, six lucky fungus stalks appeared at Jingling’s Tianyuan gate. On renchen, he worshipped at Jingling Palace. On guisi, Lü Zhen beat back Xia at Yanzhou’s An’ai stockade.
44
五月壬子，慮囚，降死罪一等，杖以下釋之。 辛酉，白虹貫日。 壬戌，以孟軻配食文宣王，封荀況、楊雄、韓愈爲伯，並從祀。 詔諸路帥臣、監司等舉大使臣爲將領。
Fifth month, renzi: a prison review cut death sentences one grade and freed lesser offenders. On xinyou, a white rainbow crossed the sun. On renxu, Mencius joined Confucius’s sacrifice; Xunzi, Yang Xiong, and Han Yu became collateral earls. Circuit chiefs were told to nominate senior men for field command.
45
六月丙子，夏人寇德順軍，巡檢王友死之。 辛卯，江夏郡王宗惠薨。
Sixth month, bingzi: Wang You fell when Xia raided Deshun army. On xinmao, Prince Zonghui of Jiangxia died.
46
秋七月甲辰，伊、洛溢，河決元城。 丙午，遣使振恤，賜溺死者家錢。 壬子，朝獻景靈宮。 甲寅，王安禮罷。
Seventh month, jiachen: the Yi and Luo flooded and the Yellow River broke at Yuancheng. On bingwu, relief envoys went out and drowning victims’ kin received cash. On renzi, he worshipped at Jingling Palace. On jiayin, Wang Anli stepped down.
47
八月庚午，詔王光祖遣人招諭乞弟，許出降免罪補官。 是歲，乞弟死。 辛巳，遣陳睦等賀遼主生辰、正旦。
Eighth month, gengwu: Wang Guangzu was to offer Qidi surrender without punishment and with an official post. That year Qidi died. On xinsi, Chen Mu led the Liao birthday and New Year mission.
48
九月壬寅，西南龍蕃來貢。 乙巳，三佛齊來貢。 乙丑，夏人圍定西城，熙河將秦貴敗之。
Ninth month, renyin: southwestern Dragon Fan sent tribute. On yisi, Srivijaya sent tribute. On yichou, Qin Gui lifted a Xia siege of Dingxi.
49
冬十月乙亥，夏人寇熙河。 庚辰，饒州童子朱天申對於睿思殿，賜五經出身。 辛巳，朝獻景靈宮。 戊子，詔分畫交阯界，以六縣二峒賜之。 乙未，夏人寇靜邊砦，涇原將彭孫敗之。
Tenth month, yihai: Xia raided Xining circuit. On gengchen, Zhu Tianshen of Raozhou passed the Five Classics exam in Ruisi Hall. On xinsi, he worshipped at Jingling Palace. On wuzi, Jiaozhi’s border was reset and six counties and two valleys were ceded. On yiwei, Xi Xia hit Jingbian stockade and Peng Sun of Jingyuan repulsed them.
50
十一月丁酉朔，寇清邊砦，隊將白玉、李貴死之。 甲辰，夏國主秉常遣使來貢。 乙卯，太白晝見。 十二月戊辰，端明殿學士司馬光上《資治通鑒》，以光爲資政殿學士，降詔獎諭。 庚寅，詔門下、中書外省官同舉言事御史。 辛卯，遼遣耶律襄等來賀正旦。 是歲，河東饑。 河北水，壞洺州廬舍，蠲其稅。
Eleventh month, dingsyou new moon: Qingbian stockade was raided; squad leaders Bai Yu and Li Gui were killed. On jiachen, Bingchang of Xia sent tribute envoys. On yimao, Venus shone at noon. Twelfth month, wuchen: Sima Guang of Duanming Hall submitted the Comprehensive Mirror; he was made an Assisting Governance academician and praised by edict. On gengyin, the Secretariat-Chancellery and Outer Court were told to nominate policy-remonstrance censors together. On xinmao, Yelü Xiang of Liao came for the New Year audience. That year Hedong starved. Hebei floods wrecked Mozhou homes and its taxes were forgiven.
51
八年春正月戊戌，帝不豫。 甲辰，赦天下。 乙巳，使輔臣代禱景靈宮。 乙卯，分遣群臣禱於天地、宗廟、社稷。
Year eight, spring, first month, wuxu: the emperor fell ill. On jiachen, the realm was pardoned. On yisi, chief ministers prayed at Jingling Palace for him. On yimao, officials were sent to pray at Heaven and Earth, the temples, and the altars of soil and grain.
52
二月辛巳，開寶寺貢院火。 丁亥，命禮部鎖試別所。 癸巳，上疾甚，遷御福寧殿，三省、樞密院入見，請立皇太子及請皇太后權同聽政，許之。
Second month, xinsi: the Kaibao Temple examination yard burned. On dinghai, the Ministry of Rites locked the exams at a separate venue. On guisi, he was gravely ill and moved to Fukuning Palace; the Three Departments and Military Affairs Bureau asked for a crown prince and empress-dowager regency—and were allowed.
53
三月甲午朔，立延安郡王傭爲皇太子，賜名煦，皇太后權同處分軍國事。 乙未，赦天下，遣官告於天地、宗廟、社稷、諸陵。 丁酉，皇太后命吏部尚書曾孝寬爲冊立皇太子禮儀使。 戊戌，上崩于福寧殿，年三十有八。 皇太子即皇帝位，尊皇太后爲太皇太后，皇后爲皇太后，德妃朱氏爲皇太妃。 太皇太后權同處分軍國事。
Third month, jiawu new moon: Prince Yong of Yan'an became crown prince and was named Xu; the empress dowager would govern with him. On yiwei, the realm was pardoned and envoys reported to Heaven, Earth, temples, altars, and tombs. On dingyou, the empress dowager named Zeng Xiaokuan of the Ministry of Personnel to oversee the investiture rites. On wuxu, he died in Fukuning Palace at thirty-eight. The crown prince succeeded; the empress dowager became grand empress dowager, the empress became empress dowager, and Worthy Consort Zhu imperial noble consort. The grand empress dowager governed state affairs with him.
54
九月己亥，上大行皇帝諡曰英文烈武聖孝皇帝，廟號神宗。
Ninth month, jihai: the late emperor was titled Civil Accomplishment, Fierce Martial, Sagely Filial and temple-named Shenzong.
55
十月乙酉，葬於永裕陵。
Tenth month, yiyou: burial at Yongyu Mausoleum.
56
贊曰：帝天性孝友，其入事兩宮，必侍立終日，雖寒暑不變。 嘗與岐、嘉二王讀書東宮，侍講王陶講諭經史，輒相率拜之，由是中外翕然稱賢。 其即位也，小心謙抑，敬畏輔相，求直言，察民隱，恤孤獨，養耆老，振匱乏。 不治宮室，不事遊幸，曆精圖治，將大有爲。 未幾，王安石入相。 安石爲人，悻悻自信，知祖宗志吞幽薊、靈武，而數敗兵，帝奮然將雪數世之恥，未有所當，遂以偏見曲學起而乘之。 青苗、保甲、均輸、市易、水利之法既立，而天下洶洶騷動，慟哭流涕者接踵而至。 帝終不覺悟，方斷然廢逐元老，擯斥諫士，行之不疑。 卒致祖宗之良法美意，變壞幾盡。 自是邪佞日進，人心日離，禍亂日起。 惜哉！
Appraisal: naturally filial and brotherly, he waited on the two palaces all day through heat and cold alike. In the Eastern Palace he read with the Qi and Jia princes; when Wang Tao lectured on the classics they bowed together—and court and country called him worthy. On taking the throne he was modest before his ministers, welcomed blunt speech, looked into hidden wrongs, and cared for orphans, the aged, and the poor. He built no palaces, made no pleasure tours, and bent every effort to rule—aiming at great achievement. Soon Wang Anshi became chief minister. Wang Anshi was stubborn and sure of himself; seeing how the founders had wanted You, Ji, and Lingwu yet armies kept failing, the emperor burned to wipe away generations of shame—and Wang, with warped learning, seized the moment. Green Sprouts, Baojia, equal transport, market trade, and waterworks followed—and the land boiled while weeping protesters poured in. He never woke to it: he drove out senior statesmen, silenced critics, and pushed the laws through without hesitation. At last the founders' sound laws and good aims were almost wholly undone. After that flatterers rose day by day, loyalty thinned, and troubles multiplied. Alas!