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卷八十九 志第四十二 地理五

Volume 89 Treatises 42: Geography 5

Chapter 89 of 宋史 · History of Song
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Chapter 89
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1
Fujian Circuit; Chengdu Superior Prefecture Circuit; Tongchuan Superior Prefecture Circuit; Lizhou Circuit; and Kuizhou Circuit
2
Fujian Circuit. It had six prefectures: Fu, Jian, Quan, Nanjian, Zhang, and Ting. It had two army commands: Shaowu and Xinghua. It had forty-seven counties. After the court moved south, Jian Prefecture was elevated to a superior prefecture. In the thirty-second year of the Shaoxing era (1162), there were 1,390,565 registered households and 2,828,852 persons.
3
鹿
Fuzhou: a metropolitan area command, seat of Changle commandery, and headquarters of the Weiwu Army military governorship. It had formerly headed the Fujian Circuit commission; in the third year of Jianyan (1129) it was elevated to a metropolitan command. In the Chongning era it had 211,552 registered households. Its tribute items included lychee, agar, and laver. In the Yuanfeng era its tribute included red-flower banana cloth. It had twelve counties: Min, upper-grade.
4
Houguan, upper-grade.
5
Fuqing, upper-grade.
6
Gutian, upper-grade. It was a county of the Tang. It had the Baoxing silver office and the Gutian gold pit.
7
Yongfu, upper-grade, had the Huangyang and Baode silver offices.
8
Changxi, upper-grade. It had the Yulin silver office and a salt works. Changle, close-grade. It had the Haitan Mountain salt works.
9
Luoyuan, middle-grade. It had formerly been Yongzhen County. Minqing, middle-grade.
10
Ningde, middle-grade. It was established in the time of Wang Shenzhi
11
Huai'an, upper-grade. In the fifth year of Taiping Xingguo (980) it was created by splitting off territory from Min County.
12
Lianjiang. Upper-grade.
13
Jianning Superior Prefecture, upper rank: formerly Jian Prefecture and seat of Jian'an commandery. Formerly a military prefecture; in the first year of Duangong (988) it became the seat of the Jianning Army military governorship; in the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1162), because it had been Emperor Xiaozong's former residence, it was elevated to superior-prefecture status. In the Chongning era it had 196,566 registered households. Its tribute items included fire-arrows, stalactite, and dragon tea. In the Yuanfeng era its tribute included dragon-phoenix tea and other teas, as well as silk floss. It had seven counties: Jian'an, upper-grade. It was a county of the Han. It had the Beiyuan tea processing facility, the Longbei supervisory warehouse, and the Shishe, Yongxing, and Dingdi silver offices.
14
Pucheng, upper-grade. It had the Yusheng, Jiaoxi, and Jinzhu silver offices.
15
Jiahe, upper-grade. It had formerly been Jianyang County. It had the four silver offices of Quling. In the first year of Jingding (1260) it received its present name.
16
Songxi, close-grade.
17
Chong'an, upper-grade. In the fifth year of Chunhua (994) Chong'an Station was elevated to county status.
18
Zhenghe, close-grade. In the third year of Xianping (1000) Guanli Town was elevated to county status. In the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115) Guanli was renamed Zhenghe County. It had the Tianshou silver office.
19
Ouning. Upper-grade. It was abolished in the third year of Xining (1070) and restored in the fourth year of Yuanyou (1089).
20
It had one mint: Fengguo. Established in the second year of Xianping (999), it cast copper coin.
21
Nan'an, middle-grade.
22
Tong'an, middle-grade. It had four salt works: Anren, Shangxia Malan, and Zhuangban.
23
Hui'an, upper-grade. In the sixth year of Taiping Xingguo (981) it was created by splitting off territory from Jinjiang. It had 129 salt pavilions.
24
Yongchun, middle-grade. It was a Min-Taoyuan county and had the Yiyang iron office.
25
Anxi, lower-grade. It had the Qingyang iron office.
26
Dehua. Lower-grade. It had the Chishui iron office.
27
Nanjian Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Jianpu commandery and under military administration. In the fourth year of Taiping Xingguo (979) the prefix "Nan" was added to its name. In the Chongning era it had 119,561 registered households. Its tribute included native fennel. In the Yuanfeng era its tribute included tea. It had five counties: Jianpu, close-grade. It had formerly been Longjin County and was renamed under the Southern Tang. It had the Dayan and Shicheng silver offices, and five tea processing facilities including Lei and Dashu.
28
Jiangle, upper rank. In the fourth year of Taiping Xingguo (979) it was transferred from Jian Prefecture to this jurisdiction. It had the Shipai and Anfu silver offices.
29
Shunchang, upper rank. The Southern Tang elevated Yongshun Station to county status. Sha, middle-grade. It had the Longquan silver office.
30
Youxi. Upper rank. It had nine silver offices, including Youxi and Baoying.
31
Zhangzhou, lower rank: seat of Zhangpu commandery and under military administration. In the Chongning era it had 100,469 registered households. Its tribute items included eaglewood and sharkskin. It had four counties: Longxi, upper-grade. It had the Wuguan, Mudu, and Zhongzha salt works.
32
Zhangpu, upper-grade. It had the Huangdun salt works.
33
Longyan, upper-grade. It had the Daji and Baoxing silver offices.
34
Changtai. Upper-grade. In the fifth year of Taiping Xingguo (980) it was transferred from Quan Prefecture to this jurisdiction.
35
Ting Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Linting commandery and under military administration. In the fifth year of Chunhua (994) the Shanghang and Wuping stations were both elevated to counties, and in the first year of Yuanfu (1098) Qingliu County was carved out of Changting and Ninghua. In the Chongning era it had 81,454 registered households. Its tribute included wax candles. It had five counties: Changting, upper-grade. It had the Shangbao tin office, the Guihe and Bakou silver offices, and the Juxi iron office.
36
Ninghua, upper-grade. It had the old and new Longmen silver pits. Shanghang, upper rank. It had the Zhongliao gold office. In the second year of Tiansheng (1024) the county seat was moved east of Zhongliao station, and in the fourth year of Qiandao (1168) it was moved to the walled city.
37
Wuping, upper rank.
38
Qingliu. After the court moved south, one county was added: Liancheng. It had originally been Liancheng Fort in Changting County and was promoted to county status in the third year of Shaoxing (1133).
39
Shaowu Army Command, equal in status to a lower prefecture. In the fifth year of Taiping Xingguo (980) it was established as an army command from Shaowu County of Jian Prefecture, with Guihua and Jianning counties also placed under its jurisdiction. In the Chongning era it had 87,594 registered households. Its tribute included sining silk. It had four counties: Shaowu, upper-grade. It had three salt works including Huangtu, the Longxu copper office, and three iron offices including Baoji.
40
Guangze, upper-grade. In the sixth year of Taiping Xingguo (981) it was established as a county by splitting off from Shaowu. It had the Taiping silver office and the Xin'an iron office.
41
Taining, upper-grade. It had been Guihua County under the Southern Tang. In the first year of Yuanyou (1086) it was renamed Taining. It had the Tiloiqi gold office and the Jiangyuan silver office.
42
Jianning. Upper-grade. It had three silver offices, including Longmen.
43
綿
Xinghua Army Command, equal in status to a lower prefecture. In the fourth year of Taiping Xingguo (979) Taiping Army Command was established from the territories of Youyang and Baizhang in Quan Prefecture and was soon renamed. It had 63,157 registered households, and its tribute included cotton and ramie cloth. It had three counties: Putian, upper-grade. It was transferred from Quan Prefecture together with Xianyou to this jurisdiction. Xianyou, upper-grade.
44
Xinghua. Middle-grade. In the fourth year of Taiping Xingguo (979) it was established as a county by splitting off from Putian.
45
西
Fujian Circuit was essentially the territory of ancient Minyue. Its land bordered the sea to the southeast, while in the northwest steep peaks rose to meet the rivers. The Wang clan held it by force for nearly fifty years and divided the region among themselves. At the beginning of the Song dynasty the region was fully recovered. It produced silver, copper, and Ge Yue cloth, and was rich in tea, salt, and marine goods. The people were content in their homes and secure in their livelihoods; streams irrigated the fields, the farmland was rich and fertile, and there was little fear of famine. Yet the land was narrow and cramped, and the registered population was very large; Even barren and stony ground was nearly all under cultivation, land prices steadily rose, and lawsuits over fields were common. Local custom believed in spirits and honored sacrifice, placed great weight on Buddhism, and was broadly similar to Jiangnan and the two Zhe regions. Yet many pursued learning, delighted in lecturing and recitation, loved literary composition, and an especially large number passed the civil examinations.
46
綿 綿
Chengdu Superior Prefecture Circuit. It had one superior prefecture: Chengdu. It had twelve prefectures: Mei, Shu, Peng, Mian, Han, Jia, Qiong, Jian, Li, Ya, Mao, and Wei. It had two army commands: Yongkang and Shiquan. It had one supervisory office: Xianjing. It had fifty-eight counties. After the court moved south, there were three superior prefectures: Chengdu, Chongqing, and Jiading. There were eleven prefectures: Mei, Peng, Mian, Han, Qiong, Li, Ya, Mao, Jian, Wei, and Long. There were two army commands: Yongkang and Shiquan. In the second year of Chunxi (1175) there were 2,580,000 registered households and 7,420,000 persons.
47
西 西 使 使 使 使 使
Chengdu Superior Prefecture, a secondary prefecture, was originally Yizhou, seat of Shu commandery and headquarters of the Jiannan West Circuit military governorship. In the sixth year of Taiping Xingguo (981) it was reduced to a prefecture. In the first year of Duangong (988) it was restored as the Jiannan West Circuit Chengdu Superior Prefecture. In the fifth year of Chunhua (994) it was reduced to Yizhou and the military governorship was abolished. In the fifth year of Jiayou (1060) it was restored as a superior prefecture. In the sixth year of Jiayou (1061) the military governorship was restored. It formerly oversaw military command for the Chengdu Superior Prefecture Circuit. In the third year of Jianyan (1129) its concurrent jurisdiction over Lizhou Circuit was abolished. In the first year of Shaoxing (1131) it oversaw the Chengdu Circuit pacification commissioner. In the fifth year of Shaoxing (1135) it concurrently held the four-circuit pacification and strategic planning grand commissioner. In the tenth year of Shaoxing (1140) a frontier pacification commissioner was established, the strategic planning commission was abolished, and the prefect concurrently served as this circuit's pacification commissioner. In the eighteenth year of Shaoxing (1148) frontier pacification was abolished and the strategic planning commission was restored; In the sixth year of Qiandao (1170) it was again abolished and merged into the pacification commission, while the prefect still concurrently served as this circuit's pacification commissioner. In the second year of Chunxi (1175) the strategic planning commission was restored and the frontier pacification commission was abolished. In the first year of Kaixi (1205) frontier pacification was established and the strategic planning commission was abolished. Before long, both commissions were established; Later frontier pacification was abolished, but the strategic planning grand commissioner remained in place. In the seventh year of Jiading (1214) the character "grand" was removed from the title. In the Chongning era it had 182,090 registered households and 589,930 persons. Its tribute included patterned silk, brocade, fine sining cloth, and stationery paper. It had nine counties: Chengdu, secondary red grade.
48
Huayang, secondary red grade. Xindu, secondary capital-district grade.
49
Pi, secondary capital-district grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Xipu County was abolished and merged into it as a town.
50
Shuangliu, secondary capital-district grade. Wenjiang, secondary capital-district grade.
51
Xinfan, secondary capital-district grade. It had been Han Fan County and was renamed under the Former Shu.
52
Guangdu, secondary capital-district grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Ling Prefecture was abolished, and Guiping and Ji counties were merged into it as towns.
53
Lingquan. Secondary capital-district grade. It had formerly been called Lingchi and was renamed in the fourth year of Tiansheng (1026).
54
Mei Prefecture, upper rank, seat of Tongyi commandery; in the second year of Zhidao (996) it was promoted to a defense command. In the Chongning era it had 72,809 registered households and 192,384 persons. Its tribute included bran gold and croton seeds. It had four counties: Meishan, upper-grade. It was Tongyi County under the Sui. Renamed at the beginning of the Taiping Xingguo era (976).
55
Pengshan, upper-grade.
56
Danling, upper-grade.
57
Qingshen. Close-grade.
58
Chongqing Prefecture, close-grade: formerly Shu Prefecture, seat of Tang'an commandery and under military administration. In the fourteenth year of Shaoxing (1144), because it was Emperor Gaozong's princely residence, it was elevated to the Chongqing Army military governorship. In the fourth year of Chunxi (1177) it was elevated to a prefecture. In the Chongning era it had 67,835 registered households and 273,050 persons. Its tribute items included spring gauze and single-thread gauze. It had four counties: Jinyuan, upper-grade.
59
Xinjin,
60
Jiangyuan, upper-grade. It was Tang'an County under the Tang. Renamed in the fourth year of Kaibao (971).
61
Yongkang. Upper-grade. Shu Prefecture carved out territory from Qingcheng to establish the county.
62
鹿
Peng Prefecture, close-grade: seat of Mengyang commandery and under military administration. In the Chongning era it had 57,524 registered households. Its tribute items included gauze. It had three counties: Jiulong, upper-grade. It was a county of the Tang. In the second year of Xining (1069) Bengkou County was established; in the fourth year (1071) it was abolished as a county and merged into it as a town. It had the Lujiao stockade and the Bengkou and Mutou tea fields.
63
Chongning, upper-grade. It was Tangchang County. Renamed in the first year of Chongning (1102).
64
Mengyang. Upper-grade.
65
綿西 綿沿使 使綿 沿使 使 西
Mian Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Baxi commandery and under military administration. In the third year of Shaoxing (1133) the prefect concurrently served as frontier pacification commissioner for Mian, Wei, and Mao prefectures and Shiquan Army, commanding garrison troops and horses. In the fifth year of Shaoxing (1135) the Sichuan and Xia frontier pacification deputy commissioner moved his headquarters to Mian Prefecture; in the sixth year (1136) the post was abolished. In the twenty-first year of Shaoxing (1151) the frontier pacification commissioner was abolished. In the first year of Jiaxi (1237) it became the seat of the Sichuan strategic planning deputy commissioner. In the Chongning era it had 122,915 registered households and 230,409 persons. Its tribute items included twill silk and ning cloth. It had five counties: Baxi, upper-grade.
66
Zhangming, upper-grade.
67
Weicheng, close-grade.
68
Luojiang, close-grade.
69
Yanquan. Middle-grade.
70
Han Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Deyang commandery and under military administration. It had 120,900 registered households and 527,252 persons. Its tribute items included ramie cloth. It had four counties: Luo, upper-grade.
71
Shifang, upper-grade.
72
綿
Mianzhu, upper-grade.
73
Deyang. Upper-grade.
74
Jiading Prefecture, upper rank: formerly Jia Prefecture, seat of Qianwei commandery and under military administration. In the fourth year of Qiande (966) Suishan, Luomu, and Yujin counties were abolished. In the second year of Qingyuan (1196) because it was Emperor Ningzong's princely residence, it was elevated to a prefecture. In the first year of Kaixi (1205) it was elevated to the Jiaqing Army military governorship. In the Chongning era it had 71,652 registered households and 210,472 persons. Its tribute items included bran gold. It had five counties: Longyou, upper rank. In the first year of Xuanhe (1119) it was renamed Jiaxiang; later the former name was restored. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Pingqiang County was abolished and merged into it.
75
Hongya, upper rank. In the fourth year of Chunhua (993) it was transferred from Mei Prefecture to this jurisdiction.
76
Jiajiang, middle-grade.
77
Emei, middle-grade.
78
Qianwei. Lower-grade. In the fourth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1011) the county seat was moved to Chenfei town.
79
It had one mint: Fengyuan. It cast iron coin.
80
Qiong Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Linqiong commandery and under military administration. In the Chongning era it had 79,279 registered households and 193,032 persons. Its tribute items included silk cloth. It had six counties: Linqiong, upper-grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Linxi County was abolished as a county and merged into it as a town, with its territory also incorporated into Yizheng, Pujiang, and Huojing.
81
Yizheng, upper-grade.
82
Anren, upper-grade. It had the Yangong stockade.
83
Dayi, upper-grade. It had the Si'an stockade.
84
Pujiang, upper rank. It had the Yanjing salt office and the Yanjing stockade.
85
Huojing. Middle-grade. In the third year of Kaibao (970) the county seat was moved to Pingle town; in the third year of Zhidao (997) it was restored to the former location.
86
It had one mint: Huimin. It cast iron coin. It was abolished in the third year of Jianyan (1129).
87
綿
Jian Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Yang'an commandery and under military administration. In the Chongning era it had 41,888 registered households and 95,619 persons. Its tribute items included cotton wadding and bran gold. It had two counties: Yang'an, upper rank.
88
Pingquan. Middle-grade.
89
Li Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Hanyuan commandery and under military administration. In the Chongning era it had 2,722 registered households and 9,080 persons. Its tribute items included red pepper. It had one county: Hanyuan. Lower-grade. In the sixth year of Qingli (1046) Tongwang County was abolished and merged into it. The abolished former Feiyue County had a trade depot.
90
It oversaw fifty-four attached prefectures. Luoyan, Sugu, Qinshang, Heqin, Juchuan, Zherong, Pengkou, Baipo, Bolu, Mingchuan, Chiyingpi, Pengshi, Dadu, Michuan, Mushu, Hedong, Nuozha, Fulan, Changhua, Guihua, Suchuan, Congxia, Heliang, Hedu, Fumu, Dongchuan, Shanggui, Huachuan, Beichuan, Jichuan, Fu'e, Beidi, Cangrong, Yechuan, Qiongchen, Guilin, Huchuan, Diezong, Langmi, Langguo, Shangqin, Shipeng, Yanma, Juecha, Qiongchuan, Huqiong, Jiaochuan, Kaiwang, Shangpeng, Beipeng, Bozhong, Jiuhu, Yaojian, and Mingchang.
91
Ya Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Lushan commandery and under military administration. In the Chongning era it had 27,464 registered households and 62,378 persons. Its tribute items included bran gold. It had five counties: Yandao, middle-grade. It had the Diaomen stockade.
92
Lushan, upper rank. It had the Lingguan stockade.
93
Mingshan, middle-grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Baizhang County was reduced to town status and merged into it, and in the second year of Yuanyou (1087) it was restored.
94
Rongjing, lower-middle grade.
95
Baizhang. Lower-middle grade
96
It had one tea field within the prefectural city. It was established in the ninth year of Xining (1076).
97
西
It oversaw forty-four attached prefectures. Dangma, Sanjing, Laifeng, Mingpei, Qiantai, Ligong, Huazhong, Luolin, Longyang, Linbo, Linshao, Longpeng, Ganchuan, Jingchuan, Huomei, Muzhu, Baipo, Dangpin, Yancheng, Zhongchuan, Qianyi, Changlei, Qianbing, Baipian, Huiye, Furen, Tuimei, Zuozhong, Huolin, Jinlin, Nuozuo, Sangong, Bulan, Qianma, Luopeng, Lunchuan, Rangchuan, Yuannan, Beilu, Kuilong, Huichuan, Jinchuan, Dongjialiang, and Xijialiang.
98
使綿
Mao Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Tonghua commandery and under military administration. In the ninth year of Xining (1076) a Weirong Army commissioner was established at Wenchuan County, and Shiquan County was placed under Mian Prefecture. In the Chongning era it had 568 registered households and 1,377 persons. Its tribute items included musk. It had one county: Wenshan. It had one lower stockade: Zhenqiang. It was established in the ninth year of Xining (1076). It had one pass: Jizong. It was established in the ninth year of Xining (1076). After the court moved south, one county was added: Wenchuan. Lower-grade. It had a horse-trading field. It oversaw ten attached prefectures. Tang, Zhi, Shi, Tu, Yuan, Fei, Qian, Ke, Xiang, and Ju. Chunqi City had originally been the attached Bao Prefecture; in the fourth year of Zhenghe (1114) it was established as Qi Prefecture with a county called Chunqi; in the third year of Xuanhe (1121) the prefecture was abolished and it became a city under Mao Prefecture. Shouning Stockade had originally been the attached Zhi Prefecture; in the sixth year of Zhenghe (1116) Shouning Army was established beyond the Dazao River, five li from Mao Prefecture; in the eighth year (1118) it was reduced to a stockade; in the third year of Xuanhe (1121) the stockade was reduced to a fort, and Fuweng Pass was also abolished and made Fuweng Fort. Yanning Stockade had originally been Weirong Army, built during the Xining era; in the sixth year of Zhenghe (1116) Tang Yanjun and others submitted their lands, the army city was rebuilt, and it was renamed Yanning; in the third year of Xuanhe (1121) it was reduced to a stockade under Mao Prefecture; in the fourth year (1122) the stockade and Shouning Fort were also abolished and merged into Wenchuan County.
99
使
Wei Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Weichuan commandery and under military administration. It was originally Wei Prefecture. In the third year of Jingyou (1036), because its name was easily confused with that of another Wei Prefecture, it was given its present name. In the Chongning era it had 2,020 registered households and 3,013 persons. Its tribute items included danggui and qianghuo. It had two counties: Baoning, lower-grade. Under the Tang it was Xuecheng County and was renamed under the Southern Tang. Tonghua. Lower-grade. It was renamed Jinchuan in the first year of Tiansheng (1023). It was restored in the fourth year of Jingyou (1037). In the third year of Zhiping (1066) Tonghua Army was abolished and incorporated into the county. It had a trade market. It oversaw two attached prefectures. Bao and Ba. Jiahui Stockade had originally been the attached Ba Prefecture; in the fourth year of Zhenghe (1114) it was established as Heng Prefecture with a county called Jiahui; in the third year of Xuanhe (1121) the prefecture was abolished, the county was made a stockade, and it came under Wei Prefecture. Tonghua Army was built during the Xining era between Bao and Ba prefectures. In the third year of Zhenghe (1113) Dong Shunzi submitted his lands and the army city was rebuilt under the old name; in the third year of Xuanhe (1121) the army commissioner was reduced to a supervisory officer and it came under Wei Prefecture.
100
使
Yongkang Army Command, equal in status to a lower prefecture. It was originally Guankou town in Daojiang County, Peng Prefecture. Under the Tang the Zhenjing Army was established. In the fourth year of Qiande (966) it was changed to Yong'an Army, and Qingcheng from Shu Prefecture and Daojiang County came under it. In the third year of Taiping Xingguo (978) it was changed to Yongkang Army. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) it was abolished and made a stockade; In the ninth year (1076) the Yongkang Army commissioner was restored at the Daojiang county seat and it came under Peng Prefecture. At the start of the Yuanyou era the former status was restored. It had two counties: Daojiang, upper-grade. During Qiande it came under from Peng Prefecture. In the fifth year of Xining (1072), when the army was abolished, it returned to Peng Prefecture; later the army was again established here. It had a horse-trading field. Qingcheng. Upper-grade. During Qiande it came under from Shu Prefecture. When the army was abolished in the fifth year of Xining (1072) it returned to Shu Prefecture; the year when it again came under is unknown.
101
Xianjing Supervisory Office, equal in status to a lower prefecture. It was originally Ling Prefecture. In the third year of Zhidao (997) it was promoted to training-command status. It was abolished in the fourth year of Xianping (1001), when counties were first established. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) it was abolished and made Lingjing Supervisory Office. In the fourth year of Xuanhe (1122) it was renamed Xianjing Supervisory Office. In the first year of Longxing (1163) it was changed to Long Prefecture. In the Chongning era it had 32,853 registered households and 104,545 persons. Its tribute items included bitter medicine seeds and euphorbia seeds. It had two counties: Renshou, middle-grade; Jingyan, Lower-middle grade. After the court moved south, two counties were added: Guiping, lower-middle grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) it was abolished and merged into Guangdu. It was restored in the sixth year of Qiandao (1170). Ji. Lower-middle grade. Its abolition and restoration followed the same pattern as above. It had one town: Da'an. It was formerly Yong'an town. It was renamed in the second year of Chongning (1103). It had one salt well.
102
綿 綿 使
Shiquan Army was originally Shiquan County in Mian Prefecture. In the seventh year of Zhenghe (1117) it was established as an army; Yongkang from Shu Prefecture and Long'an and Shenquan from Mian Prefecture came under it. In the third year of Xuanhe (1121) it was reduced to an army commissioner, and the counties returned to their former jurisdictions. In the seventh year of Xuanhe (1125) it was restored to full army status. It had three counties: Shiquan, lower-grade.
103
Shenquan, upper rank. It had the Shiguan stockade.
104
Long'an. Upper rank. It had the Sanpan stockade and a tea field. In the first year of Xuanhe (1119) Long'an was renamed Anchang; later the original name was restored. After the Baoyou era it became the army command seat.
105
It had nine forts. They were established in the first year of Chonghe (1118). Huitong, Jing'an, Jiaping, Tongjin, Hengwang, Pinglong, Lingxiao, Songcui, and Lianyun.
106
Tongchuan Superior Prefecture Circuit. It had two superior prefectures: Tongchuan and Suining. It had nine prefectures: Guo, Zi, Pu, Chang, Xu, Lu, He, Rong, and Qu. It had three army commands: Changning, Huai'an, and Guang'an. It had one supervisory office: Fushun. In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1162) it had 805,364 registered households and 2,636,476 persons.
107
使
Tongchuan Superior Prefecture, close-grade: seat of Zitong commandery and headquarters of the Jiannan East Circuit military governorship. It was originally Ziz Prefecture. In the fourth year of Qiande (966) it was renamed Jingrong Army and Dongguan County was established. During the Taiping Xingguo era it was renamed Anjing Army. In the second year of Duangong (989) it became East Circuit; In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080) the two characters "Jiannan" were restored to the title. In the first year of Chonghe (1118) it was elevated to superior prefecture status. It formerly also oversaw the office of inspecting troops and bandits for Ziz Prefecture, Guo Prefecture, Qu Prefecture, Huai'an Army, and Guang'an Army. In the sixth year of Qiandao (1170) the Southern Lu pacification commissioner was elevated to Tongchuan Superior Prefecture Circuit pacification commissioner. In the Chongning era it had 109,609 registered households and 447,565 persons. Its tribute items included twill silk, azurite, and malachite. It had ten counties: Qi, upper-grade. It had thirty-four salt wells.
108
Zhongjiang, upper-grade. It had been Xuanwu County under the Sui. It was renamed in the fifth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1012). It had salt wells.
109
Fucheng, upper-grade. It had four towns and twenty-seven salt wells.
110
Shehong, close-grade. It had salt wells.
111
Yanting, close-grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Yongtai County was abolished and merged into it as a town. It had six salt wells.
112
Tongquan, upper rank. It had three iron smelteries.
113
Feiwu, middle-grade. It had five salt wells.
114
Tongshan, middle-grade. It had a copper smeltery.
115
Dongguan, lower-middle grade. It had four salt wells.
116
Yongtai. Lower-middle grade. It had originally been a commandant office and became a county after the court moved south.
117
Suining Superior Prefecture, an area command: seat of Suining commandery and headquarters of the Wuxin Army military governorship. It was originally Sui Prefecture. In the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115) it was elevated to superior prefecture status. In the fifth year of Xuanhe (1123) it was elevated to major prefecture status. In the third year of Duanping (1235), amid military disorder, the seat was provisionally moved to Pengxi stockade. In the Chongning era it had 49,132 registered households and 102,555 persons. Its tribute items included chupu twill silk. It had five counties: Xiaoxi, upper-grade. It had been Fangyi County under the Sui. It was renamed at the beginning of the Taiping Xingguo era.
118
Pengxi, upper-grade.
119
Changjiang, close-grade. In the third year of Duanping (1235) the three counties below were all abolished.
120
Qingshi, close-grade.
121
Suining. Middle-grade. It was a county under the Tang. In the sixth year of Xining (1073) Qingshi County was abolished and merged into it. In the seventh year of Xining (1074) it was restored.
122
Shunqing Prefecture, middle rank: formerly Guo Prefecture, seat of Nanchong commandery and under training-command status. In the third year of Baoqing (1227), because it was where Emperor Lizong had first held his princely residence, it was elevated to a prefecture and placed under Jiannan East Circuit. In the third year of Duanping (1235) there was military disorder. In the ninth year of Chunyou (1249) the seat was moved to Qingju Mountain. In the Chongning era it had 55,493 registered households and 130,313 persons. Its tribute items included silk cloth and asparagus root. It had three counties: Nanchong, upper-grade. In the sixth year of Xining (1073) Liuxi County was abolished and merged into it as a town; In the twenty-seventh year of Shaoxing (1157) it was restored as a county.
123
西
Xichong, upper-grade.
124
Liuxi. Upper-grade.
125
Zi Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Ziyang commandery and under military administration. In the fifth year of Qiande (967) Yueshan, Danshan, Yinshan, and Qingxi counties were abolished. In the second year of Xuanhe (1120) Longshui was renamed Zichuan; later the original name was restored, and it was abolished in the third year of Chunyou (1243). In the Chongning era it had 32,287 registered households and 47,219 persons. Its tribute items included bran gold. It had four counties: Panshi, close-grade. It had eighteen salt wells and one iron smeltery.
126
Ziyang, close-grade.
127
Longshui, lower-middle grade.
128
Neijiang. Lower-grade. It had sixty-six salt wells.
129
Pu Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Anyue commandery and under military administration. In the fifth year of Qiande (967) Chongkan and Puci counties were abolished. In the third year of Duanping (1235) there was military disorder. In the third year of Chunyou (1243) the seat was established in a defensible position. It was abolished after the Baoyou era. In the Chongning era it had 32,118 registered households and 73,221 persons. Its tribute items included kudzu cloth and asparagus root. It had three counties: Anyue, lower-middle grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Pukang County was abolished and merged into it.
130
Anju, middle-grade.
131
Lezhi. Lower-grade.
132
Chang Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Changyuan commandery and under military administration. In the Chongning era it had 36,456 registered households and 92,055 persons. Its tribute items included bran gold and silk. It had three counties: Dazu, upper-grade.
133
Changyuan, upper-grade. In the fourth year of Xianping (1001) the seat was moved to Luoshi.
134
Yongchuan. Upper-grade.
135
Xu Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Nanxi commandery and under military administration. During the Qiande era (963–968) Kaibian and Guishun counties were abolished. It was originally Rong Prefecture and was renamed in the fourth year of Zhenghe (1114). In the third year of Xianchun (1267) the seat was moved to Denggao Mountain. In the Chongning era it had 16,448 registered households and 36,668 persons. Its tribute items included kudzu cloth. It had four counties: Yibin, middle-grade. It had been Yibin County under the Tang. It was renamed in the first year of Taiping Xingguo (976). In the fourth year of Xining (1071) Yibin County was abolished and merged into Bodao as a town. In the fourth year of Zhenghe (1114) Bodao was renamed Yibin.
136
Nanxi, middle-grade. During the Qiande era (963–968) the seat was moved to the old Fencheng. It had salt wells.
137
Xuanhua. It had been Yibin County under the Tang. It was renamed in the first year of Taiping Xingguo (976). In the fourth year of Xining (1071) it was reduced to a town under Bodao. In the first year of Xuanhe (1119) the town was restored as a county and given the present name.
138
Qingfu. It had originally been outer frontier territory of Xu Prefecture. In the third year of Zhenghe (1113) it was established as Xiang Prefecture, with Qingfu and Laifu counties. In the third year of Xuanhe (1121) the prefecture was abolished; Laifu County was merged into Qingfu County, and it came under Xu Prefecture. It had five stockades: Rouyuan, Lecong, Qingping, Shimen, and Huaiyuan. In the first year of Jingkang (1126) Rouyuan and Lecong stockades were abolished and placed under Huaiyuan.
139
It oversaw thirty attached prefectures. Jian, Zhao, Xian, Nan, Luo, Ying, De, Wei, Yi, Fude, Bolang, Jun, Wuchang, and Zhi—all of these were in the Nan'guang Stream Caves; Shang, Xun, Langchuan, and Cheng—all of these were on the Mahu River; Xie, Qieqi, Jing, Qujiang, Geling, Pin, Gewe, Nianwei, Hao, Cong, Boling, and Qian—all of these were on the Shimen Route.
140
使 綿
Lu Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Luzchuan commandery and headquarters of the Luzchuan Army military governorship. It had originally been a military-administration prefecture. In the first year of Xuanhe (1119) it was granted an army designation. In the sixth year of Qiandao (1170) it was elevated to circuit pacification commissioner of this circuit. In the third year of Jiaxi (1239) Rong Mountain in Hejiang was fortified and Sanjiangqi in Jiang'an was fortified again; in the fourth year (1240) Anle Mountain in Hejiang was also fortified as a city. In the third year of Chunyou (1243) Shenbi Cliff was also fortified for defense. In the second year of Jingding (1261) Liu Zheng surrendered the city to the Great Yuan; later it was recovered and Jiang'an was elevated to prefecture status. In the Chongning era it had 44,611 registered households and 95,410 persons. Its tribute items included kudzu cloth. It had three counties. In the fifth year of Qiande (967) Mianshui County was abolished, and Fuyi was established as a supervisory office. In the fourth year of Zhiping (1067) Yangdi Stockade was abolished. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079) Baidiao Stockade was abolished. In the third year (1080) Pingyi Fort was abolished, and Anyuan Stockade was rebuilt at Luochi; Datong and Wuning stockades were abolished. In the fifth year (1082) Wuning Stockade was restored and placed under Changning Army.
141
Luzchuan, middle-grade.
142
西
Jiang'an, middle-grade. It had the Ningyuan, Anyi, Xiningyuan, Nantian, Wuning, Anyuan, and other stockades.
143
使
Hejiang. Middle-grade. It had six stockades: Yaoba, Qingshan, Anxi, Xiaoxi, Daitou, and Shijun. In the third year of Daguan (1109) Anxi Stockade was elevated to county status under Chun Prefecture; Later Chun Prefecture was abolished and it was restored as a stockade. In the third year of Xuanhe (1121) Yaoba Stockade was abolished; In the fourth year (1122) it was restored.
144
After the southward crossing, one county was added: Naxi. In the third year of Huangyou (1051) a stockade was established at Naxikou. In the fifth year of Shaoding (1232) it was elevated to county status.
145
It had one supervisory office: Nanjing. It had three cities: Legong City, established in the fourth year of Yuanfeng (1081).
146
It had four forts and stockades: Jiangmen Stockade, Zhenxi Fort, Meiling Fort, and Dazhou Fort. Jiuzhi City: In the second year of Daguan (1108) Chun Prefecture was established, with Jiuzhi and Anxi counties and Meili City. In the third year of Xuanhe (1121) Chun Prefecture and Jiuzhi County were abolished and made Jiuzhi City; Anxi and Meili City were made stockades, and Cizhu Stockade was changed to a fort.
147
Wudu City. In the third year of Daguan (1109) Zi Prefecture was established, with Chengliu and Renhuai counties. In the third year of Xuanhe (1121) the prefecture was abolished and made Wudu City; Renhuai was made a fort, and Chengliu County was merged into Renhuai. Anyuan Stockade was established in the third year of Yuanfeng (1080). It was abolished in the fourth year of Daguan (1110). It was restored in the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115).
148
Bowang Stockade was established in the seventh year of Zhenghe (1117). Banqiao Fort and Zhenghe Fort were established in the sixth year of Zhenghe (1116).
149
Suiyuan Stockade. It had formerly been under Wudu City; in the third year of Xuanhe (1121) it came under the prefecture.
150
It oversaw eighteen attached prefectures. Na, Xue, Yan, Gong, Feng, Yue, Si'e, Changning, Neng, Yu, Zhe, Ding, Song, Shun, Lan, Qin, Gao, and Yao. Changning Army had originally been an attached prefecture. In the eighth year of Xining (1075) the Yi leader Degexiang submitted Changning, Yan, Feng, Gao, Xue, Gong, Yu, Si'e, and eight other prefectures; Yujing Supervisory Office was therefore established under Lu Prefecture. In the fourth year of Zhenghe (1114) it was established as Changning Army. It oversaw six stockades and forts: Meidong Stockade, established in the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115).
151
Qingping Stockade had formerly been under Xiang Prefecture; it was built in the second year of Zhenghe (1112) and granted the present name. In the third year of Xuanhe (1121) Xiang Prefecture was abolished, and the stockade came under the army.
152
Wuning Stockade was established in the seventh year of Xining (1074); it had formerly been called Xiaoxikou. In the tenth year (1077) the present name was adopted. It was abolished in the fourth year of Yuanfeng (1081). It was restored in the fifth year (1082). In the fourth year of Zhenghe (1114) Changning Army was established, with Wuning as its attached seat county. In the second year of Xuanhe (1120) the county was abolished and made a fort. In the fourth year (1122) it was restored as a stockade.
153
Ningyuan Stockade: In the first year of Huangyou (1049) Sanjiang Stockade was established. In the third year (1051) the present name was adopted. In the second year of Xuanhe (1120) the stockade was made a fort. In the fourth year (1122) it was restored as a stockade.
154
Anyi Stockade was established in the sixth year of Xining (1073); it had formerly been called Popo. It was abolished in the fourth year of Daguan (1110). It was restored in the sixth year of Zhenghe (1116).
155
Shisun Fort. It was established in the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115). It was originally named Meilai and later granted the present name.
156
After the southward crossing, it had one county: Anning. In the fourth year of Jiading (1211) Anyi Stockade was elevated to county status. It had two stockades: Wuning and Ningyuan.
157
He Prefecture, middle rank: seat of Bachuan commandery and under military administration. In the third year of Chunyou (1243) the prefectural seat was moved to Mount Diaoyu. In the Chongning era it had 48,277 registered households and 84,484 persons. Its tribute items included peony bark and baizaizi. It had five counties: Shizhao, middle-grade. It was Shijian County under Wei. The name was changed in the third year of Qiande (965).
158
Hanchu, middle-grade.
159
Bachuan, middle-grade.
160
Chishui, lower-middle grade.
161
Tongliang. Lower-middle grade. In the fourth year of Xining (1071) Chishui County was abolished and merged into it; In the seventh year (1074) it was restored.
162
Rong Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Heyi commandery and under military administration. In the fifth year of Qiande (967) Heyi County was abolished. In the third year of Duanping (1236) a site was chosen for provisional administration. It was abolished after the Baoyou era. In the Chongning era it had 16,667 registered households and 52,087 persons. Its tribute items included mottled cloth. It had four counties: Rongde, lower-middle grade. It had formerly been named Xuchuan. The name was changed in the fourth year of Zhiping (1067). In the fourth year of Xining (1071) Gongjing County was reduced to market-town status and merged into it. It had one salt supervisory office, abolished in the third year of Duanping (1236).
163
Weiyuan, middle-grade. Ziguan, middle-grade. It had salt wells.
164
Yingling. Lower-middle grade. It had salt wells.
165
綿 西
Qu Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Linshan commandery and under military administration. In the third year of Baoyou (1255) the seat was moved to Mount Liyi. In the Chongning era it had 32,877 registered households and 63,830 persons. Its tribute items included cotton wadding and maizi wood. It had three counties: Liujiang, close-grade. It was a county under Western Wei. In the third year of Jingyou (1036) Dazhu County was abolished and merged into it; In the third year of Shaoxing (1133) it was separately reestablished.
166
Linshui, lower-grade. It was a county under the Tang. In the fourth year of Qiande (966) the seat was moved to Kunlou Market-town.
167
Linshan. Lower-grade. It was a county under the Liang. In the third year of Qiande (965) the seat was moved to the old Lin Prefecture city.
168
After the southward crossing, one county was added: Dazhu.
169
Huai'an Army Command, equal in status to a lower prefecture. In the fifth year of Qiande (967) it was established as an army from Jinshui County of Jian Prefecture. In the Chongning era it had 29,625 registered households and 174,985 persons. Its tribute items included cotton wadding. It had two counties: Jinshui, upper-grade.
170
Jintang. Upper-grade. In the fifth year of Qiande (967) it was transferred from Han Prefecture to this jurisdiction.
171
西
Ningxi Army Command had originally been Guang'an Army Command and was equal in status to a lower prefecture. In the second year of Kaibao (969) it was established as an army from the Nonghui and Xinming market-towns of He and Qu prefectures. In the third year of Chunyou (1243) Daliangping was fortified as the seat of government. At the end of the Baoyou era it submitted to the Great Yuan. At the beginning of the Jingding era it was retaken. In the second year of Xianchun (1266) the army name was changed. In the Chongning era it had 47,057 registered households and 111,754 persons. Its tribute items included silk. It had three counties: Qujiang, middle-grade. In the second year of Kaibao (969) it was transferred from Qu Prefecture to this jurisdiction.
172
Yuechi, close-grade. In the second year of Kaibao (969) it was transferred from Guo Prefecture to this jurisdiction.
173
Xinming. Middle-grade. In the second year of Kaibao (969) it was transferred from He Prefecture to this jurisdiction. In the sixth year (971) the seat was moved to Danxi Market-town.
174
After the southward crossing, one county was added: Hexi. In the third year of Kaixi (1207) the market-town was elevated to county status.
175
Fushun Supervisory Office was equal in status to a lower prefecture. It had originally been Fuyi County of Lu Prefecture. It oversaw the boiling of salt. In the fourth year of Qiande (966) it was elevated to Fuyi Supervisory Office. The name was changed in the first year of Taiping Xingguo (976). In the first year of Zhiping (1064) Fushun County was established; It was abolished in the first year of Xining (1068). In the first year of Jiaxi (1237) the supervisory office was abolished due to disorder in Shu. In the first year of Xianchun (1265) the seat was moved to Mount Hutou. In the Chongning era it had 11,241 registered households and 23,716 persons. Its tribute items included kudzu cloth. It oversaw thirteen market-towns and one salt well.
176
西
Lizhou Circuit. It had one superior prefecture: Xingyuan. It had nine prefectures: Li, Yang, Lang, Jian, Wen, Xing, Peng, Zheng, and Ba. It had thirty-eight counties. It had one pass: Jianmen. After the court moved south, there were three superior prefectures: Xingyuan, Longqing, and Tongqing. There were twelve prefectures: Li, Jin, Yang, Lang, Ba, Mian, Wen, Peng, Long, Jie, Xihe, and Feng. It had two army commands: Da'an and Tianshui. In the thirty-second year of the Shaoxing era (1162) there were 371,097 registered households and 769,852 persons.
177
西 使 西 西西 西使使
Xingyuan Superior Prefecture, a secondary prefecture: seat of Liang Prefecture, Hanzhong commandery, and headquarters of the Shannan West Circuit military governorship. It formerly also conducted inspection of troops and bandits for Lizhou Circuit. In the second year of Jianyan (1128) it was elevated to circuit military command. In the fourth year (1130) it also concurrently served as this circuit's frontier pacification and pacification commissioner. Later Lizhou Circuit was divided into Eastern and Western routes: Xingyuan, Jian, Li, Lang, Jin, Yang, Ba, Peng, and Da'an belonged to the Eastern Route, with its seat at Xingyuan; Jie, Cheng, Xihe, Feng, Wen, Long, and Xing belonged to the Western Route, with its seat at Xing Prefecture. Also established were the Lizhou Circuit strategic planning commissioner for Jie, Cheng, Xihe, and Feng prefectures, and the Jingyuan and Qinfeng circuit frontier pacification and pacification commissioner. In the fourth year of Qiandao (1168) the routes were merged into one circuit, with the Xingyuan commander concurrently overseeing it; In the second year of Chunxi (1175) they were again divided; In the third year (1176) they were again merged; In the fifth year (1178) they were again divided; In the fifth year of Shaoxi (1194) they were merged once more; In the second year of Qingyuan (1196) they were again divided; In the third year of Jiading (1210) they were merged again. In the Chongning era it had 60,284 registered households and 123,540 persons. Its tribute items included rouge and safflower. It had four counties: Nanzheng, secondary red grade.
178
Chenggu, secondary capital-district grade.
179
Baocheng, secondary capital-district grade.
180
西
Xi. Secondary capital-district grade. In the second year of Zhidao (996) it was transferred to Da'an Army; In the third year (997) it was restored to this prefecture's jurisdiction. It had one tin smeltery office.
181
It had one tea field. It was established in the eighth year of Xining (1075).
182
After the court moved south, one county was added: Lianshui. Secondary capital-district grade. In the fourth year of Shaoxing (1134) it was established by splitting off territory from Nanzheng County, taking its name from the Lianshui River.
183
西 綿
Li Prefecture, an area command: seat of Yichuan commandery and headquarters of the Ningwu Army military governorship. It had formerly been the seat of the Zhaowu Army; the name was changed in the fourth year of Jingyou (1037). In the fourteenth year of Shaoxing (1144) the Eastern and Western routes were divided; In the fifth year of Shaoxi (1194) they were again merged into one; In the second year of Qingyuan (1196) they were again divided; In the third year of Jiading (1210) they were merged again; In the eleventh year (1218) they were again divided. In the third year of Duanping (1235) it was abolished due to military disorder. In the Chongning era it had 25,373 registered households and 51,539 persons. Its tribute items included gold and steel-iron. It had four counties: Miangu, middle-grade.
184
Jiameng, middle-grade.
185
Jiachuan, lower-middle grade. In the fifth year of Xianping (1002) it came under this prefecture from Ji Prefecture. In the third year of Xining (1070) Pingshu County was abolished and merged into it.
186
Zhaohua. Lower-grade. It had formerly been Yichang County of the Later Zhou. The name was changed in the fifth year of Kaibao (972).
187
使
Yang Prefecture, leading rank: seat of Yangchuan commandery and headquarters of the Wukang Army military governorship. It had formerly been the seat of the Wuding Army; the name was changed in the fourth year of Jingyou (1037). After the Jianyan period (1127 onward), a pacification commissioner for Peng, Ba, and Yang prefectures was occasionally established; the post was soon abolished. In the Chongning era it had 45,490 registered households and 98,567 persons. Its tribute items included gesi silk. It had three counties: Xingdao, upper-grade.
188
西
Xixiang, upper-grade.
189
Zhenfu. Middle-grade.
190
Lang Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Langzhong commandery. In the fourth year of Qiande (966) it was changed to the Ande Army military governorship. In the fourteenth year of Shaoxing (1144) it was placed under the Eastern Route. In the third year of Duanping (1235) there was military disorder. In the third year of Chunyou (1243) the seat was moved to Mount Dahu. In the Chongning era it had 43,936 registered households and 100,907 persons. Its tribute items included lotus twill silk. It had seven counties: Langzhong, upper-grade. The Lang River winds around three sides of the county; hence the name. In the eighteenth year of Shaoxing (1148) Yujing town was abolished as a separate unit and merged into it.
191
Cangxi, close-grade.
192
Nanbu, close-grade.
193
Xinjing, close-grade.
194
Fengguo, middle-grade. In the fourth year of Xining (1071) Qiping County was abolished and merged into it as a town.
195
Xinzheng, middle-grade.
196
西
Xishui. Lower-middle grade. In the fourth year of Xining (1071) Jin'an County was abolished and merged into it as a town.
197
Longqing Superior Prefecture, originally Jian Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Pu'an commandery and under military administration. In the fifth year of Qiande (967) Yonggui County was abolished. In the second year of Longxing (1164), because it was Emperor Xiaozong's princely residence, it was elevated to the Pu'an Army military governorship. In the first year of Shaoxi (1190) it was elevated to superior prefecture status. In the third year of Duanping (1235) there was military disorder. In the Chongning era it had 35,023 registered households and 107,573 persons. Its tribute items included morinda root. It had six counties: Pu'an, middle-grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Linjin County was abolished and merged into it as a town.
198
Zitong, upper-grade.
199
Yinping, middle-grade.
200
Wulian, middle-grade.
201
Pucheng, lower-middle grade.
202
綿
Jianmen. Lower-middle grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Jianmen Pass and Jianmen County were again placed under this prefecture's jurisdiction. It had six stockades: Xiaojian, Baimian, Tiba Stockade, Lianggu, Longju, and Tuoxi.
203
綿
Ba Prefecture, middle rank: seat of Qinghua commandery and under military administration. In the fourth year of Qiande (966) Pansdao, Guiren, and Shining counties were abolished. In the fifth year of Xianping (1002) Qinghua was placed under Ji Prefecture. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Ji Prefecture was abolished, and Bi Prefecture was also abolished; their counties came under this prefecture's jurisdiction. In the third year of Jianyan (1129) it also administered internal pacification. In the fourth year of Jiaxi (1240) there was military disorder and the population scattered. In the Chongning era it had 23,337 registered households and 41,516 persons. Its tribute items included cotton wadding. It had five counties: Huacheng, lower-middle grade. Qinghua County of Ji Prefecture was abolished as a county and merged into it as a town.
204
Nanjiang, upper rank. It had formerly been under Ji Prefecture.
205
Enxi, lower-middle grade. In the third year of Xining (1070) Qipan County was abolished as a county and merged into it as a town.
206
Zengkou, lower-grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Qizhang County was abolished as a county and merged into it as a town.
207
Tongjiang. Lower-grade. Baishi and Fuyang counties of Bi Prefecture were abolished and merged into it.
208
沿西 西
Wen Prefecture, lower-middle rank: seat of Yinping commandery and under military administration. After the Jianyan era (1127 onward) it concurrently held frontier internal pacification; the post was soon abolished, and the prefecture came under Li West Circuit. In the late Shaoqing era (~1233) its administrative office was established at Chengdu. After the Duanping era (from 1235 onward) the prefecture was abolished amid military disorder. In the Chongning era it had 12,531 registered households and 22,078 persons. Its tribute items included musk. It had one county: Qushui. Lower-middle grade. It was a county under Western Wei. It had ten stockades: Zhongshi, Pigu, Zhangtian, Mopeng, Liuquan, Luoyi, Sicun, Rongmen, Pibo, and Suinan, and one mercury office.
209
西
Mian Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Shunzheng commandery and under military administration. It was originally Xing Prefecture. In the fourteenth year of Shaoxing (1144) it became the seat of Li West Circuit. In the third year of Kaixi (1207) Wu Xi usurped authority and changed it to Kaide Superior Prefecture. After Wu Xi was executed, it was renamed Mian Prefecture. In the Chongning era it had 12,430 registered households and 19,673 persons. Its tribute items included honey and wax. It had two counties: Shunzheng, middle-grade. In the third year of Kaixi (1207) it was renamed Lueyang.
210
Changju. Lower-middle grade.
211
It had one mint: Jizhong. It cast iron coin.
212
綿
Peng Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Xi'an commandery and under military administration. In the third year of Qiande (965) Dangqu County was abolished. In the third year of Chunyou (1243) an administrative office was established at Guyü County. In the Chongning era it had 27,827 registered households and 51,472 persons. Its tribute items included sining twill silk and cotton wadding. It had four counties: Pengchi, middle-grade.
213
Yilong, middle-grade.
214
Yingshan, middle-grade. It was Langchi County in the Tang. It was renamed in the fifth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1012). In the third year of Xining (1070) Pengshan County was abolished as a county and merged into it as a town.
215
Fuyu. Lower-middle grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Liangshan County was abolished as a county and merged into it as a town.
216
After the court moved south, two counties were added: Liangshan, lower-middle grade. It was restored in the second year of Jianyan (1128).
217
Xiangru. Upper-grade. It was named for Sima Xiangru's former residence to the south. During the Jiaxi era (1237–1240) there was military disorder. In the sixth year of Baoyou (1258) it was transferred from Guo Prefecture to this jurisdiction.
218
Zheng Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Jiangyou commandery and under military administration. It was originally Long Prefecture. In the fifth year of Zhenghe (1115) it was changed to Zheng Prefecture. In the first year of Shaoxing (1131) it was restored as Long Prefecture. In the third year of Duanping (1235) there was military disorder. In the sixth year of Baoyou (1258) the seat was moved to Yongcun. In the Chongning era it had 3,523 registered households and 9,294 persons. Its tribute items included bran gold, antelope horn, and aconite. It had two counties: Jiangyou, middle-grade. It had Ganpo Stockade.
219
Qingchuan. Lower-grade; originally Mapan; renamed under the Tang. In the early Kangding era (~1040) garrison troops were increased. In the third year of Duanping (1235) the territory was abandoned amid military disorder.
220
Da'an Army Command, middle rank: originally Sanquan County. It had formerly been under Xingyuan Prefecture. In the third year of Qiande (965), upon pacifying Shu, the county was placed directly under the capital prefecture. In the second year of Zhidao (996) it was established as Da'an Army Command. In the third year (997) the army command was abolished, and the county remained under the capital prefecture as before. In the third year of Shaoxing (1133) it was again promoted to an army command. In the Chongning era it had 6,075 registered households and 10,891 persons. It oversaw two market-towns: Jinniu and Qingniao. After the court moved south, Sanquan County was re-established and placed under the army command.
221
Hanyin, lower-middle grade. In the second year of Shaoxing (1132) the seat was moved to Xindian and the old county was made a town; in the third year of Jiading (1210) Jikou town was promoted to county status. It had Raofeng market-town.
222
Xunyang, middle-grade.
223
Shiquan, lower-grade.
224
Pingli. Lower-grade.
225
After the court moved south, one county was added: Shangjin. Lower-middle grade. It was originally territory of Pingli County. In the sixteenth year of Shaoxing (1146) Hugu Pass and Zhuotuoping were taken as the boundary.
226
西
Jie Prefecture, lower-middle rank: seat of Wudu commandery and under military administration. It had originally been under Qinfeng Circuit. In the early Shaoxing era (~1131) all Shaanxi territory fell to the Jin; only the five prefectures of Jie, Cheng, Min, Feng, and Tao, Fengxiang Prefecture, Heshang Plateau, and Fangshanyuan in Long Prefecture remained. In the early Shaoxing era (~1131) Yangjiaya was established as Jiaji Stockade. It had two counties: Fujin, lower-middle grade.
227
Jiangli. Lower-middle grade.
228
Liting. Middle-grade.
229
Datan, middle-grade.
230
Youchuan.
231
Feng Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Hechi commandery and under training-command status. It had formerly been under Qinfeng Circuit; in the fourteenth year of Shaoxing (1144) it came under Lizhou Circuit. It had three counties: Liangquan, upper-grade.
232
Liangdang, upper-grade.
233
Hechi. Close-grade.
234
Kuizhou Circuit. It had ten prefectures: Kui, Qian, Shi, Zhong, Wan, Kai, Da, Fu, Gong, and Zhen. It had three army commands: Yun'an, Liangshan, and Nanping. It had one mint: Daning. It had thirty-two counties. After the court moved south, there were three superior prefectures: Chongqing, Xianchun, and Shaoqing. It had eight prefectures: Kui, Da, Fu, Wan, Kai, Shi, Bo, and Si. It had three army commands: Yun'an, Liangshan, and Nanping. It had one mint: Daning. In the thirty-second year of the Shaoxing era (1162), there were 386,978 registered households and 1,134,398 persons.
235
Kui Prefecture, an area command: seat of Yun'an commandery and headquarters of the Ningjiang Army military governorship. The prefecture was originally established at Baidi City; in the third year of Jingde (1006) its seat was moved to the east of the city. In the third year of Jianyan (1129) it was elevated to Kui and Li military controller. In the fifteenth year of Chunxi (1188) the commanding official also held the Gui and Xia prefectures military office. In the Yuanfeng era it had 11,213 registered households. Its tribute items included honey and wax. It had two counties: Fengjie, middle-grade.
236
Wushan. Lower-middle grade.
237
Shaoqing Superior Prefecture, lower rank: formerly Qian Prefecture, seat of Qianzhong commandery and under military administration and the Wutai Army military governorship. In the first year of Shaoding (1228) it was promoted to superior prefecture status. In the third year of Shaoxi (1192) the inspection and pacification office was moved to Zengtan. In the Yuanfeng era it had 2,848 registered households. Its tribute items included cinnabar and wax. It had two counties: Pengshui, middle-grade. In the eighth year of Jiayou (1063) Hongdu, Yangshui, Duru, and Xinning counties were abolished and merged into it. It had four stockades: Hongdu, Xiaodong, Jieshan, and Nanxi. In the second year of Shaoxing (1132) forty-nine households formerly under Zhen Prefecture were returned to its jurisdiction.
238
鹿
Qianjiang. Lower-grade. It had twenty-nine stockades: Baishi, Menlan, Zuoshui, Yong'an, Anle, Shuanghong, Sheying, Youshui, Manzhong, Yushui, Qianping, Lujiao, Wanjiu, Liubao, Baishui, Tuxi, Xiaoxi, Shizhu, Gaowang, Mukong, Dongliu, Lichang, Pushe, Xiangyang, Xiaocun, Shimen, Maotian, Muzha, and Huyan.
239
It had forty-nine attached prefectures. Its attached prefectures were Nanning, Yuan, Qian, Qing, Jiang, Zhizhou, Man, Xi, E, Bang, He, Lao, Yi, Fuzhou, Ru, Ling, Hao, Puning, Yuan, Na, Luan, Si, Qiong, Fu, Huang, Hou, Fen, Tian, Yao, Shuangcheng, Xun, Xiang, Maolong, Zheng, Leshan, Fushui, Siyuan, Yi, Si, Nanping, Xun, Jiang, Leng, Hong, Hewu, Hui, Hao, Gu, and Xuan.
240
After the court moved south, it had fifty-six attached prefectures.
241
Shi Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Qingjiang commandery and under military administration. In the Yuanfeng era it had 19,804 registered households. Its tribute items included coptis and magnolia fruit. It had two counties: Qingjiang, lower-middle grade. It had six stockades: Gela, Yongning, Xisha, Ningbian, Jianmu, and Yiping. In the fifth month of the sixth year of Xining (1073) Yongxing Stockade of Shi Prefecture was abolished and Yiping Stockade was established. In the seventh month of the third year of Yuanfeng (1080) Yongning Stockade was abolished and Xinglang and Anque stockades were established.
242
Jianshi. Lower-middle grade. It had Liangtian Stockade.
243
It had one mint: Guangji. It was established in the third year of Shaosheng (1096) and cast iron coin.
244
綿
Xianchun Superior Prefecture, lower rank: formerly Zhong Prefecture, seat of Nanbin commandery and under military administration. In the first year of Xianchun (1265), because it was Emperor Duzong's princely residence, it was promoted to superior prefecture status. In the Yuanfeng era it had 35,950 registered households. Its tribute items included cotton wadding. It had three counties: Linjiang, lower-middle grade.
245
Dianjiang, lower-middle grade. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) Guixi County was abolished and merged into it.
246
Nanbin. Lower-grade.
247
After the court moved south, two counties were added: Fengdu, lower-grade.
248
Longqu. Lower-grade.
249
Wan Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Nanpu commandery and under military administration. In the third year of Kaibao (970) Liangshan was made an army command. In the Yuanfeng era it had 20,055 registered households. Its tribute items included gold and magnolia fruit. It had two counties: Nanpu, lower-grade. It had Pingyun Stockade.
250
Wuning. Lower-grade.
251
Kai Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Shengshan commandery and under military administration. In the Chongning era it had 25,000 registered households. Its tribute items included white sining silk and plantain seed. It had two counties: Kaijiang, upper-grade. In the fourth year of Qingli (1044) Xipu County was abolished and merged into it.
252
Qingshui. Middle-grade.
253
It was formerly named Wansui County; it was later renamed.
254
Da Prefecture, upper rank: seat of Tongchuan commandery and under military administration. It was originally Tong Prefecture. It was renamed in the third year of Qiande (965). In the fifth year of Qiande (967) Langying and Xuanhan counties were abolished. In the sixth year of Xining (1073) Sangang County was abolished; in the seventh year (1074) Shigu County was abolished and its territory was distributed among Tongchuan, Xinning, and Yongmu counties. In the Yuanfeng era it had 40,640 registered households. Its tribute items included cotton wadding. It had five counties: Tongchuan, middle-grade.
255
Baqu, middle-grade.
256
Yongmu, lower-grade. It had formerly been Yongmu County of the Sui. The name was now changed.
257
Xining, lower-grade.
258
Dongxiang. Lower-grade.
259
After the court moved south, one county was added: Tongming. Lower-grade. It had formerly been the Tongming ward.
260
Fu Prefecture, lower rank: seat of Fuling commandery and under military administration. In the third year of Xining (1070) Wenshan County was abolished and made a town. In the fourth year of Daguan (1110) Baima Stockade was abolished. In the second year of Xianchun (1266) the seat was moved to San Tai Mountain. In the Yuanfeng era it had 18,448 registered households. Its tribute items included silk gauze. It had three counties: Fuling, lower-grade. It had the Baima salt works.
261
Lewen, lower-grade.
262
Wulong. Lower-grade. In the first year of Xuanhe (1119) Wulong County was renamed Zhi County. In the first year of Shaoxing (1131) the former name was restored.
263
Chongqing Prefecture, lower rank: formerly Gong Prefecture, seat of Ba commandery and under military administration. It had formerly been Yu Prefecture. In the first year of Chongning (1102) it was renamed Gong Prefecture; later, because it had been Emperor Gaozong's princely residence, it was elevated to prefecture status. It had formerly overseen Wanshou County; in the fifth year of Qiande (967) it was abolished. During the Yongxi era Nanping County was also abolished. In the eighth year of Qingli (1048) the attached Nan and Qin prefectures of Qian Prefecture were placed under its jurisdiction. In the fifth year of Huangyou (1053) Nanchuan County was established from Nan Prefecture. In the seventh year of Xining (1074) Nanchuan County was placed under Nanping Army Command. In the Yuanfeng era it had 42,080 registered households. Its tribute items included ramie cloth and peony bark. It had three counties: Ba, middle-grade. It had four towns: Shiying, Fengyu, Lanxi, and Xinxing.
264
Jiangjin, lower-middle grade. In the fifth year of Qiande (967) the county seat was moved to Malu town.
265
Bishan. Lower-grade.
266
It oversaw one attached prefecture. Qin Prefecture oversaw two counties: Rongyi and Fuhuan. It was led by tribal chiefs and later came under Nanping Army Command.
267
使
Yun'an Army Command, equal in status to a lower prefecture. In the sixth year of Kaibao (973) it was established as an army command from Yun'an County of Kui Prefecture. In the third year of Jianyan (1129) an army commissioner was established. In the Yuanfeng era it had 11,075 registered households. Its tribute items included silk gauze. It had one county: Yun'an. Upper-grade. It had three stockades: Siwen, Hanji, and Pingnan, as well as the Yujing salt works and Tuanyun salt well.
268
It had one supervisory office: Yun'an. In the fourth year of Xining (1071) households registered to the Yun'an Supervisory Office were split off to establish Anyi County. In the eighth year (1075) the households were returned to Yun'an County's jurisdiction and it was again made a supervisory office.
269
綿
Liangshan Army Command, equal in status to a lower prefecture and seat of Gaoliang commandery. In the second year of Kaibao (969) the army command was established from the Shi clan's garrison farm office of Wan Prefecture, and Liangshan County was transferred to its jurisdiction. In the fifth year of Xining (1072) territory from Guixi in Zhong Prefecture was also added to the army command. In the first year of Yuanyou (1086) it was returned to Wan Prefecture's jurisdiction, but soon restored to the former status. In the Yuanfeng era it had 12,277 registered households. Its tribute items included cotton wadding. It had one county: Liangshan. Lower-middle grade.
270
西
Nanping Army Command, equal in status to a lower prefecture. In the eighth year of Xining (1075) western tribal groups were brought in, and the army command was established from Tongfoba territory in Nanchuan County of Gong Prefecture. It oversaw two counties: Nanchuan, lower-middle grade. In the eighth year of Xining (1075) it was merged into Longhua. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1078) it was re-established. It had five stockades: Rongyi, Kaibian, Tong'an, Anwen, and Guizheng, as well as Qinchuan Fort.
271
Longhua. Lower-grade. In the eighth year of Xining (1075) it was transferred from Fu Prefecture to this jurisdiction. It had Qidushui Stockade; in the fourth year of Daguan (1110) the stockade was abolished.
272
Qinxi Stockade had originally been the attached Qin Prefecture, overseeing Rongyi and Fuhuan counties. In the seventh year of Xining (1074), through pacification and recruitment, Rongyi and other stockades were established and placed under Gong Prefecture; later they came under Nanping Army Command. In the second year of Daguan (1108) Qin Prefecture was separately established, along with Qinxi and Yelang counties. In the second year of Xuanhe (1120) the prefecture and counties were abolished; it took the name Qinxi Stockade and came under Nanping Army Command.
273
Daming Supervisory Office, equal in status to a lower prefecture. In the sixth year of Kaibao (973) it was established as a supervisory office from the salt spring office of Dachang County in Kui Prefecture. In the Yuanfeng era it had 6,631 registered households. Its tribute items included wax. It had one county: Dachang. Lower-middle grade. In the first year of Duangong (988) it was transferred from Kui Prefecture to this jurisdiction. Formerly sixty li south of the supervisory office; in the eighth year of Jiading (1215) the seat was moved to the Shuikou supervisory office.
274
Zhen Prefecture was established in the Zhenguan era of Tang by opening mountain passes; at the end of Tang it was lost to the Yi peoples. In the second year of Daguan (1108) the chieftains of the upper and lower Luojie tribes of Daluo submitted their lands, and Zhen Prefecture was re-established. In the third year of Xuanhe (1121) Cheng Prefecture was abolished, and Suiyang County was placed under its jurisdiction. It had two counties: Leyuan and Suiyang. These had originally been the attached Yi Prefecture; in the third year of Daguan (1109) the tribal chief submitted his lands, and Cheng Prefecture was established, overseeing five counties: Suiyang, Doushang, Yiquan, Ningyi, and Yangchuan; In the third year of Xuanhe (1121) the prefecture and Doushang and other counties were abolished, and Suiyang was placed under Zhen Prefecture. Zunyi Stockade: in the second year of Daguan (1108) Yang Wengui of Bozhou submitted his lands, and Zunyi Army and Zunyi County were established; In the third year of Xuanhe (1121) the army command and county were abolished; it took the name Zunyi Stockade and came under Zhen Prefecture.
275
Si Prefecture was established in the eighth year of Zhenghe (1118), overseeing Wuchuan, Qiongshui, and Anyi counties. In the fourth year of Xuanhe (1122) the prefecture was abolished and made Wuchuan City and county; it took the name Wuchuan City; Qiongshui and Anyi counties were both made forts and placed under Qian Prefecture. In the first year of Shaoxing (1131) it was restored as Si Prefecture. It had three counties: Wuchuan, Anyi, and Qiongshui. In the fourth year of Xuanhe (1122) they were all abolished and placed under Qian Prefecture. In the second year of Shaoxing (1132) they were restored.
276
綿使
Bozhou, seat of Leyuan commandery. In the second year of Daguan (1108) Yang Wengui and other Yi people of Nanping submitted their lands; it was established as a prefecture overseeing Bochuan, Langchuan, and Daishui counties. In the third year of Xuanhe (1121) it was abolished and made a city under Nanping Army Command. In the third year of Duanping (1236) Baimian Fort was again made Bozhou; the three counties remained abolished. In the third year of Jiaxi (1239) Bozhou was re-established and given the pacification commissioner's post. At the end of the Xianchun era, Zhen Prefecture came under its jurisdiction. It had one county: Leyuan. Middle-grade. It had Zunyi Stockade; in the third year of Kaixi (1207) it was elevated to an army command, and in the eleventh year of Jiading (1218) it was reduced again to a stockade.
277
西
The Four Circuits of Chuan and Xia broadly comprised the territories of Liang, Yong, and Jing described in the Yu Gong, with Liang predominating. Its astral territory shared allotment with Qin. It reached south to Jing and the gorges, controlled the Sword Plank Road passes in the north, and bordered the Man and Yi in the southwest. The soil suited mulberry, and its cocoon silk and woven brocades were unmatched under heaven. The land was narrow but fertile; the people farmed diligently, leaving not an inch of ground idle, and gathered three or four harvests a year. Much of what they earned went to outings and pleasure; spring-outing and medicine-market fairs were especially lavish, often lasting for months at a time. They loved music, felt little sorrow, prized luxury, were by nature light and buoyant, and delighted in empty boasting. Many scholars gathered in schools, yet clinging to their native places they rarely sought office and advancement. The people of Fuling especially honored ghostly customs: when parents fell ill many did not call in doctors or medicine, and while parents still lived they often set up separate household registers and estates. Hanzhong and Badong shared much the same customs; cut off in remote corners of the realm, this had lasted for nearly a century. After the Meng clan was pacified, imperial culture reached them, and men of letters emerged in ever greater numbers.
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