1
職官九 〈（敘遷之製）〉
Official Posts, Part Nine (Regulations for graded promotion.)
2
○群臣敘遷流內銓流外出官文散官武散官爵勳功臣檢校官兼官試秩紹興以後階官文臣京官至三師敘遷之製
Regulations for graded promotion: all ministers; inner and outer selection streams; outgoing appointments; civil and military prestige titles; enfeoffments, honors, and meritorious subjects; titular and concurrent posts; probationary ranks; post-Shaoxing rank titles; and civil officials from capital posts through the Three Preceptors.
3
諸寺、監主簿，秘書省校書郎，秘書省正字 〈（有出身轉大理評事，無出身轉太常寺奉禮郎。 內帶館職同有出身，後族、兩府之家轉太祝。）〉
Registrars of the various directorates and offices; Secretariat collators; and Secretariat proofreaders. (Degree-holders advanced to Dali Reviewer; men without examination origin advanced to Ceremonial Officer of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices. Concurrent academy appointees followed the degree-holder track; imperial in-laws and families of the Two Grand Councils advanced to Taizhu.)
4
太常寺太祝，奉禮郎 〈（有出身轉諸寺、監丞，無出身轉大理評事，內帶館職同有出身。）〉
Taizhu of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices and ceremonial officers. (Degree-holders advanced to vice director of a directorate or office; men without examination origin advanced to Dali Reviewer; concurrent academy appointees followed the degree-holder track.)
5
大理評事 〈（有出身轉大理寺丞，第一人及第轉著作佐郎； 無出身轉諸寺、監丞。 內帶館職同有出身。 後族、兩府之家，審刑院詳議，刑部詳覆、詳斷、檢法、法直官，轉光錄寺丞。）〉
Dali Reviewer (Degree-holders advanced to vice director of the Court of Dali; the palace-examination top finisher advanced to Assistant Editor of the Historiography Office; men without examination origin advanced to vice director of a directorate or office. Concurrent academy appointees followed the degree-holder track. Imperial in-laws, families of the Two Grand Councils, and the Court for Review of Punishments’ deliberators together with the Ministry of Justice’s detailed reviewers, adjudicators, legal examiners, and legal drafters advanced to vice director of the Directorate of Imperial Genealogy.)
6
諸寺、監丞 〈（有出身轉著作佐郎，無出身轉大理寺丞。 內帶館職同有出身。）〉
Vice directors of the various directorates and offices (Degree-holders advanced to Assistant Editor of the Historiography Office; men without examination origin advanced to vice director of the Court of Dali. Concurrent academy appointees followed the degree-holder track.)
7
大理款丞有出身轉殿中丞，元出身轉太子中舍。 內帶館職同有出身，或轉太子中允。 後族、兩府之家，審刑院詳議，刑部詳覆、詳斷，中書堂後官，轉太子右讚善大夫。
From the Court of Dali vice directorship: degree-holders advanced to Palace Vice Director; men without examination origin advanced to Middle Attendant of the Heir Apparent. Concurrent academy appointees followed the degree-holder track, or could advance to Junior Attendant of the Heir Apparent. Imperial in-laws, families of the Two Grand Councils, the Court for Review of Punishments’ deliberators, the Ministry of Justice’s detailed reviewers and adjudicators, and Secretariat rear-office officials advanced to Right Supporter of the Heir Apparent.
8
著作佐郎有出身轉秘書丞，內第一人及第太常丞； 無出身轉太子左讚善大夫。 內帶館職同有出身。 特旨轉秘書郎、著作郎、宗正丞。
Degree-holding Assistant Editors advanced to Secretariat Director; the top palace-examination finisher among them advanced to vice director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices; men without examination origin advanced to Left Supporter of the Heir Apparent. Concurrent academy appointees followed the degree-holder track. By special edict they could advance to Secretariat Gentleman, Historiography Editor, or vice director of the Imperial Clan Court.
9
太子左右讚善大夫、中舍、洗馬 〈（轉殿中丞。 內帶館職轉太常丞。 太子中允轉太常丞，特旨轉秘書郎、著作郎、宗正丞。）〉 太常、宗正、秘書丞，著作郎，秘書郎 〈（轉太常博士，特旨轉左、右正言，監察御史。 宗正丞，無出身轉國子博士。）〉
Left and Right Supporters of the Heir Apparent, Middle Attendants, and Grooms of the Heir Apparent (Advanced to Palace Vice Director. Concurrent academy appointees advanced to vice director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices. Junior Attendants of the Heir Apparent advanced to vice director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices; by special edict they could advance to Secretariat Gentleman, Historiography Editor, or vice director of the Imperial Clan Court.) Vice directors of the Courts of Imperial Sacrifices, Imperial Clan, and Secretariat; Historiography Editors; and Secretariat Gentlemen (Advanced to Erudite of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices; by special edict to Left or Right Rectifier or Investigating Censor. From the Imperial Clan vice directorship, men without examination origin advanced to Erudite of the Directorate of Education.)
10
殿中丞 〈（有出身轉太常博士，無出身轉國子監博士。 內帶館職同有出身。）〉
Palace Vice Director (Degree-holders advanced to Erudite of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices; men without examination origin advanced to Erudite of the Directorate of Education. Concurrent academy appointees followed the degree-holder track.)
11
太常、國子博士 〈（轉後行員外郎，特旨轉左、右司諫，殿中侍御史。）〉 左、右正言 〈（轉左、右司諫，帶待制已上職轉起居舍人。）〉 監察御史 〈（轉殿中侍御史。）〉
Erudites of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices and the Directorate of Education (Advanced to Rear-Rank Vice Director; by special edict to Left or Right Remonstrance Officer or Attending Censor in the Palace.) Left and Right Rectifiers (Advanced to Left or Right Remonstrance Officer; holders of Attendant-in-Waiting rank or above advanced to Attendant Recorder of the Emperor.) Investigating Censor (Advanced to Attending Censor in the Palace.)
12
後行員外郎 〈（轉中行員外郎，特旨轉起居舍人、侍御史。）〉
Rear-Rank Vice Director (Advanced to Middle-Rank Vice Director; by special edict to Attendant Recorder of the Emperor or Attending Censor.)
13
左、右司諫 〈（轉起居郎、起居舍人，帶待制已上職轉吏部員外郎。）〉 殿中侍御史 〈（轉侍御史。）〉 中行員外郎 〈（轉前行員外郎。）〉
Left and Right Remonstrance Officers (Advanced to Attendant Gentleman or Attendant Recorder; holders of Attendant-in-Waiting rank or above advanced to Vice Director of the Ministry of Personnel.) Attending Censor in the Palace (Advanced to Attending Censor.) Middle-Rank Vice Director (Advanced to Front-Rank Vice Director.)
14
起居郎，起居舍人 〈（轉兵部員外郎，帶待制已上職轉禮部郎中。）〉 侍御史 〈（轉同封員外郎。）〉 前行員外郎 〈（轉後行郎中。）〉 後行郎中 〈（轉中行郎中。）〉
Attendant Gentleman and Attendant Recorder of the Emperor (Advanced to Vice Director of the Ministry of War; holders of Attendant-in-Waiting rank or above advanced to Director of the Ministry of Rites.) Attending Censor (Advanced to Vice Director of the Office of Enfeoffment.) Front-Rank Vice Director (Advanced to Rear-Rank Director.) Rear-Rank Director (Advanced to Middle-Rank Director.)
15
中行郎中 〈（轉前行郎中。）〉
Middle-Rank Director (Advanced to Front-Rank Director.)
16
右常調轉員外郎者轉右曹。 內有出身自屯田，無出身自虞部，贓罪敘復人自水部轉。 水部司門庫部虞部比部駕部屯田都官職方
Regular right-track promotions to vice director advanced within the right bureaus. Degree-holders entered from the Bureau of Agriculture; men without examination origin from the Bureau of Forestry; officials restored after corruption convictions from the Bureau of Waterways. Waterways, Gatekeeping, Storehouses, Forestry, Audits, Transport, Agriculture, Justice, and Military Appointments
17
任發運、轉運使副，三司、天封府判官，侍讀，侍講，天章閣侍講，崇政殿說書、開封府推官、府界提點，三司子司主判官，大理少卿，提點刑獄，提點鑄錢監，諸王府翊善、侍讀、記室，中書提點五房公事堂後官轉左曹。 〈（內有出身自祠部，無出身自主客，堂後官自膳部轉。）〉 膳部倉部考功主客金部司勳祠部度支司封
Transport commissioners and deputies; judges of the Three Departments Commission and the Directorate of the Hall of Heavenly Patterns; Readers- and Lecturers-in-Waiting; lecturers at the Pavilions of Heavenly Patterns and for the Promotion of Governance; Kaifeng investigating officers and boundary intendants; sub-commission chief judges; Court of Dali vice directors; judicial-prison and coinage intendants; princely supporters, readers, and recorders; and Secretariat Five-Bureau rear-office supervisors advanced within the left bureaus. (Degree-holders entered from the Bureau of Sacrifices; men without examination origin from the Bureau of Receptions; rear-office officials from the Bureau of Provisions.) Provisions, Granaries, Evaluations, Receptions, Coinage, Honors, Sacrifices, Revenue, and Enfeoffment
18
任發運、轉運使副，三司、開封府判官，左曹轉左名曹。 內無出身隻轉祠部、度支、司封，有出身合轉右名曹，準此。 任三司副使，知雜，修撰，修起居注，直舍人院，轉左名曹。 工部刑部兵部
Transport commissioners and deputies and judges of the Three Departments Commission or Kaifeng advanced from the left bureaus to the left named bureaus. Men without examination origin rotated only through Sacrifices, Revenue, and Enfeoffment; degree-holders jointly advanced through the right named bureaus on the same principle. Deputy Three Departments commissioners, miscellaneous affairs supervisors, compilers, daily-activity compilers, and Drafting Academy direct attendants advanced to the left named bureaus. Works, Justice, and War
19
帶待制已上職，左右曹、右名曹轉左名曹，仍隔一資超轉。 中行郎中轉左、右司郎中。
Holders of Attendant-in-Waiting rank or above advancing from the left or right bureaus or the right named bureaus to the left named bureaus still skipped one rank. Middle-Rank Directors advanced to Left or Right Bureau Directors.
20
〈（戶部轉左司，刑部、度支、金部、倉部、都官、比部、司門轉右司。）〉 禮部戶部吏部
(The Ministry of Revenue advanced to the Left Bureau; the Ministry of Justice and the bureaus of Revenue, Coinage, Granaries, Justice, Audits, and Gatekeeping advanced to the Right Bureau.) Rites, Revenue, and Personnel
21
前行郎中 〈（有出身轉太常少卿，無出身轉司農少卿，內見任左曹衛尉少卿，帶待制已上職轉右諫議大夫。）〉
Front-Rank Director (Degree-holders advanced to Vice Director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices; men without examination origin to Vice Director of the Directorate of Agriculture; those currently in the left bureaus to Vice Director of the Court of Imperial Guards; holders of Attendant-in-Waiting rank or above to Right Remonstrance Grandee.)
22
左、右司郎中 〈（帶待制已上職轉諫議大夫。 左司轉左諫議，右司轉左諫議，帶翰林學十者，轉中書舍人。）〉 衛尉、司農少卿 〈（轉光祿少卿，帶館職轉光祿卿。）〉
Left and Right Bureau Directors (Holders of Attendant-in-Waiting rank or above advanced to Remonstrance Grandee. The Left Bureau advanced to Left Remonstrance; the Right Bureau also advanced to Left Remonstrance; Hanlin Academicians advanced to Secretariat Drafter.) Vice Directors of Imperial Guards and Agriculture (Advanced to Vice Director of Imperial Brightness; holders of an academy post advanced to Director of Imperial Brightness.)
23
光祿少卿 〈（轉司家卿，帶館職轉光祿卿。）〉 太常少卿 〈（轉光祿卿，任三司副使、修撰，取旨。）〉 司家卿 〈（轉少府監，帶館職轉光祿卿。）〉 少府監 〈（轉衛尉卿，帶館職轉光祿卿。）〉
Vice Director of Imperial Brightness (Advanced to Director of Agriculture; holders of an academy post advanced to Director of Imperial Brightness.) Vice Director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices (Advanced to Director of Imperial Brightness; deputy Three Departments commissioners or compilers advanced by imperial order.) Director of Agriculture (Advanced to Director of Imperial Manufactories; holders of an academy post advanced to Director of Imperial Brightness.) Director of Imperial Manufactories (Advanced to Director of Imperial Guards; holders of an academy post advanced to Director of Imperial Brightness.)
24
衛尉 〈（轉光祿卿。）〉 光祿卿 〈（轉秘書監。）〉 秘書監 〈（轉太子賓客。）〉 中書舍人 〈（轉禮部侍郎。）〉
Director of Imperial Guards (Advanced to Director of Imperial Brightness.) Director of Imperial Brightness (Advanced to Director of the Secretariat.) Director of the Secretariat (Advanced to Household Companion of the Heir Apparent.) Secretariat Drafter (Advanced to Vice Minister of Rites.)
25
諫議大夫 〈（轉給事中。）〉 給事中 〈（轉工部侍郎，帶翰林學士己上職轉禮部侍郎。）〉 太子賓客 〈（轉工部侍郎。）〉 工部侍郎 〈（轉刑部侍郎，兩府轉戶部侍郎，宰相轉兵部侍郎。）〉
Remonstrance Grandee (Advanced to Recipient of Edicts.) Recipient of Edicts (Advanced to Vice Minister of Works; holders of Hanlin Academician rank or above advanced to Vice Minister of Rites.) Household Companion of the Heir Apparent (Advanced to Vice Minister of Works.) Vice Minister of Works (Advanced to Vice Minister of Justice; members of the Two Grand Councils advanced to Vice Minister of Revenue; grand councilors to Vice Minister of War.)
26
禮部侍郎 〈（轉戶部侍郎，宰相轉吏部侍郎。）〉 刑部侍郎 〈（轉兵部侍郎，兩府轉吏部侍郎，宰相轉禮部尚書。）〉 戶部侍郎 〈（轉吏部侍郎，宰相轉禮部尚書。）〉
Vice Minister of Rites (Advanced to Vice Minister of Revenue; grand councilors advanced to Vice Minister of Personnel.) Vice Minister of Justice (Advanced to Vice Minister of War; members of the Two Grand Councils advanced to Vice Minister of Personnel; grand councilors to Minister of Rites.) Vice Minister of Revenue (Advanced to Vice Minister of Personnel; grand councilors advanced to Minister of Rites.)
27
兵部侍郎 〈（轉右丞，兩府轉左丞，宰相轉禮部尚書。）〉 吏部侍郎 〈（轉左丞，宰相轉禮部尚書。）〉 左、右丞 〈（轉工部尚書，兩府轉禮部尚書。）〉 工部尚尚書 〈（轉禮部尚書，兩府轉刑部尚書。）〉
Vice Minister of War (Advanced to Right Vice Director; members of the Two Grand Councils advanced to Left Vice Director; grand councilors to Minister of Rites.) Vice Minister of Personnel (Advanced to Left Vice Director; grand councilors advanced to Minister of Rites.) Left and Right Vice Directors (Advanced to Minister of Works; members of the Two Grand Councils advanced to Minister of Rites.) Minister of Works (Advanced to Minister of Rites; members of the Two Grand Councils advanced to Minister of Justice.)
28
禮部尚書 〈（轉刑部尚書，兩府轉戶部尚書。）〉 刑部尚書 〈（轉戶部尚書，兩府轉兵部尚書。）〉 戶部尚書 〈（轉兵部尚書，兩府轉吏部尚書。）〉 兵部尚書 〈（轉吏部尚書，兩府轉太子少保，宰相轉右仆射。）〉
Minister of Rites (Advanced to Minister of Justice; members of the Two Grand Councils advanced to Minister of Revenue.) Minister of Justice (Advanced to Minister of Revenue; members of the Two Grand Councils advanced to Minister of War.) Minister of Revenue (Advanced to Minister of War; members of the Two Grand Councils advanced to Minister of Personnel.) Minister of War (Advanced to Minister of Personnel; members of the Two Grand Councils advanced to Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent; grand councilors to Right Vice Director.)
29
吏部尚書 〈（轉太子少保，宰相轉左仆射。）〉 太子少保 〈（轉太子少傅。）〉 右仆射 〈（轉左仆射。）〉 太子少傅 〈（轉太子少師。）〉
Minister of Personnel (Advanced to Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent; grand councilors advanced to Left Vice Director.) Junior Guardian of the Heir Apparent (Advanced to Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent.) Right Vice Director (Advanced to Left Vice Director.) Junior Mentor of the Heir Apparent (Advanced to Junior Preceptor of the Heir Apparent.)
30
左仆射 〈（轉司空。）〉 司空 〈（轉司徒。）〉 太子少師 〈（轉太子太保）〉 司徒 〈（轉太保。）〉
Left Vice Director (Advanced to Sikong, Minister of Works.) Sikong, Minister of Works (Advanced to Situ, Minister of Education.) Junior Preceptor of the Heir Apparent (Advanced to Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent) Situ, Minister of Education (Advanced to Grand Guardian.)
31
太子太保 〈（轉太子太傅。）〉 太子太傅 〈（轉太子太師。）〉 太子太師 〈（轉傅太保。）〉 太保 〈（轉太傅。）〉
Grand Guardian of the Heir Apparent (Advanced to Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent.) Grand Mentor of the Heir Apparent (Advanced to Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent.) Grand Preceptor of the Heir Apparent (Advanced to Grand Guardian.) Grand Guardian (Advanced to Grand Tutor.)
32
太傅 〈（轉太尉。）〉 太尉 〈（轉太師。）〉
Grand Tutor (Advanced to Grand Commandant.) Grand Commandant (Advanced to Grand Preceptor.)
33
太師 〈（太師、太傅、太保謂之三師，太尉、司徒、司空謂之三公。 凡除授，則自司徒遷太保，自太傅遷太尉，檢校亦如之。）〉 治平三年，翰林學士賈黯奏：“近者皇子封拜，並除檢校太傅。 臣按官儀，自後魏以來，以太師、太傅、太保為三師，太尉、司徒、司空為三公，國朝因之。 《六典》曰：‘三師，訓導之官也。 ’蓋天子之所師法。 今皇太子以師傅名官，於義弗安，莫甚於此，蓋前世因循，失於厘正。 臣愚以謂自今皇子及宗室卑者除官，並不可帶師傅之名，隨其敘遷改授三公之官。 ”詔：“侯將來，因加改正。 ”自此，皇子及宗室卑行，遂不除三師官。
Grand Preceptor (The Grand Preceptor, Grand Tutor, and Grand Guardian constitute the Three Preceptors; the Grand Commandant, Minister of Education, and Minister of Works constitute the Three Excellencies. On appointment, promotion ran from Minister of Education to Grand Guardian and from Grand Tutor to Grand Commandant; provisional designations followed the same sequence.) In Zhiping 3, Hanlin academician Jia Yan submitted: “Lately, whenever imperial sons were enfeoffed, they were all given the provisional title Grand Tutor as well. I have checked the office regulations: since the Later Wei, the Three Preceptors have been Grand Preceptor, Grand Tutor, and Grand Guardian, and the Three Excellencies Grand Commandant, Minister of Education, and Minister of Works; the Song continues that arrangement. The Six Offices Canon says, ‘The Three Preceptors are officers of instruction and guidance. They are the men whom the Son of Heaven takes as his teachers and models. Yet the heir apparent now bears offices called Preceptor and Tutor; nothing offends ritual logic more sharply. It is sheer inertia from earlier ages—a correction long overdue. I humbly propose that hereafter, when imperial sons and junior members of the clan are appointed, none should carry the titles Preceptor or Tutor; let promotions follow seniority into offices among the Three Excellencies instead. The throne replied: “We shall wait for a suitable occasion and revise the practice then. After that, imperial sons and junior clansmen were no longer given the Three Preceptors.
34
宋初，台、省、寺、監官猶多蒞本司，亦各有員額資考之製，各以曹署閑劇著為月限，考滿則遷，慶恩止轉階、勳、爵、邑。 建隆二年，始以右監門衛將軍魏仁滌為右神武將軍，水部員外郎朱洞為都官員外郎，監察御史李鑄為殿中侍御史，以仁滌等掌麹蘖、領關征外有羨也。 自是，廢歲滿敘遷之典。 是後，多掌事於外，諸司互以他官領之，雖有正官，非別受詔亦不領本司之務。 又官有其名而不除者甚眾，皆無定員、無月限，不計資品，任官者但常食其奉而已。 時議以近職為貴，中外又以差遣別輕重焉。
Early in the dynasty, officials of the commissions, ministries, directorates, and supervisory agencies still largely served in their home offices, each with fixed quotas and merit-review rules; every agency's workload set the monthly term, and when review ended came promotion—while amnesties advanced only rank, honors, titles, and fiefs. In Jianlong 2, Wei Rendì of the Right Gate Guard was first made Right Divine Tiger General, Zhu Dong of the Water Ministry a Capital Investigation junior director, and Li Zhu a palace attending censor—since they managed distillery duties and frontier transit levies with profits beyond quota. Thereafter the rule of promotion upon completing the annual term was discarded. Later most business was conducted on assignment away from the capital; agencies were commonly headed by outsiders; even nominal incumbents did not run their home offices without a specific edict. Many offices existed in name only; without fixed quotas or monthly terms, rank ceased to matter, and appointees merely collected salary. Opinion prized service close to the throne; inside and outside the court, temporary assignments likewise sorted prestige.
35
武臣三班借職至節度使敘遷之製 〈（三班借職以下，亦有磨勘轉官法，緣未受真命，今不具錄。）〉 三班借職 〈（轉三班奉職。）〉 三班奉職 〈（轉左班殿直。）〉
Ranked promotion for martial officers: from Three-Rank Probationary Officer to military commissioner (Officers below Three-Rank Probationary Officer also had merit-review promotion rules, but since they held no formal commission yet, they are omitted here.) Three-Rank Probationary Officer (Advanced to Three-Rank Service Officer.) Three-Rank Service Officer (Advanced to Left Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant.)
36
右班殿直 〈（轉左班殿直。）〉 左班殿直 〈（轉右侍禁）〉 右侍禁 〈（轉右侍禁。）〉 左侍禁 〈（轉西頭供奉官。）〉
Right Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant (Advanced to Left Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant.) Left Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant (Advanced to Right Palace Attendant Guard) Right Palace Attendant Guard (Advanced to Right Palace Attendant Guard.) Left Palace Attendant Guard (Advanced to Western Head Palace Attendant.)
37
西頭供奉官 〈（轉東頭供奉官。）〉 東頭供奉官 〈（轉內殿崇班。）〉 內殿崇班 〈（轉內殿承製。）〉
Western Head Palace Attendant (Advanced to Eastern Head Palace Attendant.) Eastern Head Palace Attendant (Advanced to Inner Hall Honored Array.) Inner Hall Honored Array (Advanced to Inner Hall Artisan-in-Waiting.)
38
內殿承製 〈（製轉供備庫使，有戰功轉禮賓副使，特旨東西染院、西京作坊）〉 副使，有戰功，並謂曾經 〈（轉官酬獎。）〉 供備庫使 〈（轉西京左藏庫副使，有戰功轉如京副使。）〉
Inner Hall Artisan-in-Waiting (From Inner Hall Artisan-in-Waiting one advanced to Commissary Stores commissioner; with military merit to vice commissioner of Guest Reception; by special edict to the Eastern and Western Dyeworks or Western Capital Workshops as〉 vice commissioners—with military merit, all meaning those who had received (Advanced as compensation for a rank transfer.) Commissioner of Commissary Stores (Advanced to vice commissioner of the Western Capital Left Treasury; with military merit to vice commissioner for Capital Reception.)
39
禮賓副使 〈（轉崇儀副使，有戰功轉洛苑副使。）〉 西染院副使 〈（轉如京副使，有戰功轉內園副使。）〉 東染院副使 〈（轉洛苑副使，有戰功轉文思副使。）〉
Vice Commissioner of Guest Reception (Advanced to vice commissioner of Honored Rites; with military merit to vice commissioner of the Luoyang Park.) Vice Commissioner of the Western Dyeworks (Advanced to vice commissioner for Capital Reception; with military merit to vice commissioner of the Inner Gardens.) Vice Commissioner of the Eastern Dyeworks (Advanced to vice commissioner of the Luoyang Park; with military merit to vice commissioner of the Bureau of Imperial Manufactories.)
40
西染院使 〈（轉如京使，有戰功轉內園使。）〉 東染院使 〈（轉洛苑使，有戰功轉文思使。）〉 西京作坊使 〈（轉文思使，有戰功轉莊宅使。）〉 西京左藏庫使 〈（轉文思使，有戰功轉西莊宅使。）〉
Commissioner of the Western Dyeworks (Advanced to commissioner for Capital Reception; with military merit to commissioner of the Inner Gardens.) Commissioner of the Eastern Dyeworks (Advanced to commissioner of the Luoyang Park; with military merit to commissioner of the Bureau of Imperial Manufactories.) Commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops (Advanced to commissioner of the Bureau of Imperial Manufactories; with military merit to commissioner of Crown Estates.) Commissioner of the Western Capital Left Treasury (Advanced to commissioner of the Bureau of Imperial Manufactories; with military merit to commissioner of the Western Crown Estates.)
41
崇儀使 〈（轉六宅使，有戰功轉西作坊使。）〉 如京使 〈（轉莊宅使，有戰功轉東作坊使。）〉 洛苑使 〈（轉西作坊使，有戰功轉左藏庫使。）〉 內園使 〈（轉東作坊使，有戰功轉內藏庫使。）〉
Commissioner of Honored Rites (Advanced to commissioner of the Six Residences; with military merit to commissioner of the Western Workshops.) Commissioner for Capital Reception (Advanced to commissioner of Crown Estates; with military merit to commissioner of the Eastern Workshops.) Commissioner of the Luoyang Park (Advanced to commissioner of the Western Workshops; with military merit to commissioner of the Left Treasury.) Commissioner of the Inner Gardens (Advanced to commissioner of the Eastern Workshops; with military merit to commissioner of the Inner Treasury.)
42
文思轉 〈（轉左藏庫使，有戰功轉右騏驥使。）〉 六宅使 〈（轉內藏庫使，有戰功轉左騏驥使。）〉 莊宅使 〈（轉右騏驥使，有戰功轉宮苑使。）〉 西作坊使 〈（轉左騏驥使，有戰功轉宮苑使。）〉
Promotions from the Bureau of Imperial Manufactories (Advanced to commissioner of the Left Treasury; with military merit to commissioner of the Right Fine Steeds.) Commissioner of the Six Residences (Advanced to commissioner of the Inner Treasury; with military merit to commissioner of the Left Fine Steeds.) Commissioner of Crown Estates (Advanced to commissioner of the Right Fine Steeds; with military merit to commissioner of the Palace Park.) Commissioner of the Western Workshops (Advanced to commissioner of the Left Fine Steeds; with military merit to commissioner of the Palace Park.)
43
東作坊使 〈（轉宮苑使。）〉 左藏、內藏、左右騏驥、宮苑使 〈（並轉皇城使。）〉
Commissioner of the Eastern Workshops (Advanced to commissioner of the Palace Park.) Commissioners of the Left Treasury, Inner Treasury, Left and Right Fine Steeds, and Palace Park (All advanced to Imperial City commissioner.)
44
皇城使 〈（轉遙郡刺史。 凡已上使、副，除皇城係東班，餘並西班。 其東班翰林以下十九司使、副，雖有見在官及遷轉法，並授伎術官。）〉 遙郡刺史 〈（轉遙郡團練使，特旨轉正刺史。）〉
Imperial City Commissioner (Advanced to remote-prefecture prefect. All commissioners and deputies listed above belonged to the Western Rank except the Imperial City commissioner, who belonged to the Eastern Rank. For the Eastern Rank's nineteen bureaus from the Hanlin Academy down, despite substantive posts and promotion rules, all appointees were technical officers.) Remote-Prefecture Prefect (Advanced to remote-prefecture regimentation commissioner; by special edict to substantive prefect.)
45
遙郡團練使 〈（轉遙郡防禦使，特旨轉正團練使。）〉 刺史 〈（轉團練使。）〉 團練使，遙郡防禦使 〈（轉防禦使。）〉 防禦使 〈（轉觀察使。）〉
Remote-Prefecture Regimentation Commissioner (Advanced to remote-prefecture defense commissioner; by special edict to substantive regimentation commissioner.) Prefect (Advanced to regimentation commissioner.) Regimentation Commissioner; Remote-Prefecture Defense Commissioner (Advanced to defense commissioner.) Defense Commissioner (Advanced to observation commissioner.)
46
觀察使 〈（轉節度觀察留後。）〉 節度觀察留後 〈（轉節度使。）〉 節度使武臣自通事舍人轉橫班例
Observation Commissioner (Advanced to circuit intendant.) Circuit Intendant (Advanced to military commissioner.) Ranked promotion for martial officers and military commissioners: from Communications Attendant through the Horizontal Rank
47
通事舍人 〈（轉西上閤門副使。 其東上閤門副使，非特恩不遷。）〉 東、西上閤門副使 〈（轉引進副使。）〉 引進副使 〈（轉客省副使。）〉 客省副使 〈（轉西上閤門使。）〉
Communications Attendant (Advanced to Western Upper Palace Gate vice commissioner. The Eastern Upper Palace Gate vice commissioner was not advanced except by special favor.) Eastern and Western Upper Palace Gate Vice Commissioners (Advanced to Introducing vice commissioner.) Introducing Vice Commissioner (Advanced to Guest Reception vice commissioner.) Guest Reception Vice Commissioner (Advanced to Western Upper Palace Gate commissioner.)
48
西上閤門使 〈（轉東上閤門使。）〉 東上閤門使 〈（轉四方館使。）〉 四方館使 〈（轉引進使。）〉 引進使 〈（轉客省使。）〉
Western Upper Palace Gate Commissioner (Advanced to Eastern Upper Palace Gate commissioner.) Eastern Upper Palace Gate Commissioner (Advanced to Four Directions Hall commissioner.) Four Directions Hall Commissioner (Advanced to Introducing commissioner.) Introducing Commissioner (Advanced to Guest Reception commissioner.)
49
客省使
Guest Reception Commissioner
50
右內客省使至閤門使謂之橫班，皇城使以下二十名謂之東班，洛苑使以下二十名謂之西班，初猶有正官充者，其後但以檢校官為之，或領觀察使、防禦使、團練使、刺史。 〈（景祐元年詔：“副使自今改正使，於本額下五資遷之。 ”舊無定員，慶曆四年詔：“客省、引進、四方館使各一人，東、西上閤門使共四人，閤門、引進、客省副使共六人，閤門通事舍人八人。 ”治平二年，樞密院奏：“嘉祐三年詔：‘非軍職當罷、橫行歲滿當遷及有戰功殊績，皆不得除正任。 當遷，則改州名，或加檢校官、勳、封，食邑。 ’自降詔以來，正任刺史以上絕升進之望。 今欲因知藩要州郡，或路分總管，如再經改州名或加檢校官、勳、封食邑已及十年者，與遷官，至節度觀察留後止。 又客省、引進、四方館舊置使三員，東、西上閤門舊置使四員，今並增為六員。 閤門、引進、客省，舊制副使六員，今並增為八員。 閤門舊通事舍人八員，今增為十員。 凡所增置，須見任官當遷及有闕乃補。 其皇城使改官及七年，如曾曆邊任、有本路監司總管五人已上共薦者，欲除遙郡刺史至遙郡防禦使止。 ”詔：“自今皇城、宮苑副使當磨勘者，各於本班使額自下升五資改諸司使。 其自左藏庫副使已上因酬獎及非次改官者，聽如舊。 餘皆從樞密院之請。 ”初，英宗謂執政曰：“諸司副使改轉使，當從供備庫使始，今對行升五資，太優。 ”於是合議條奏而為此例。）
From the Inner Guest Reception commissioner through the Palace Gate commissioner constituted the Horizontal Rank; Imperial City commissioner and the twenty ranks below it formed the Eastern Rank; Luoyang Park commissioner and the twenty ranks below it formed the Western Rank. At first substantive officials still held these posts; later they were filled only with acting appointments, sometimes concurrently as observation, defense, or regimentation commissioner, or prefect. (An edict of Jingyou 1 stated: "Vice commissioners shall henceforth be promoted to commissioners, advancing five ranks of seniority within their established quota. " There had been no fixed quota. In Qingli 4 an edict fixed one commissioner each for Guest Reception, Introducing, and the Four Directions Hall; four for the Eastern and Western Upper Palace Gates combined; six vice commissioners for the Palace Gate, Introducing, and Guest Reception offices; and eight Palace Gate Communications Attendants. " In Zhiping 2 the Bureau of Military Affairs reported: "The Jiayou 3 edict ruled that officers due for dismissal for lacking a military post, Horizontal Rank officers whose years of service were complete, and those with exceptional military merit were not to receive substantive appointments. When promotion was due, the prefectural name was changed, or an acting rank, order of merit, enfeoffment, or fief income was added. ' Since that edict, holders of substantive appointments from prefect upward have had no prospect of further promotion. The memorial proposed that route commanders or those governing important frontier prefectures who, after a further change of prefectural name or addition of acting rank, merit, enfeoffment, or fief income, had served ten years, might be promoted—but only as far as circuit intendant. Guest Reception, Introducing, and the Four Directions Hall, formerly three commissioners each, and the Eastern and Western Upper Palace Gates, formerly four each, were all increased to six. Palace Gate, Introducing, and Guest Reception vice commissioners were increased from six to eight. Palace Gate Communications Attendants were increased from eight to ten. All new posts were to be filled only when an incumbent was due for promotion and a vacancy existed. Imperial City commissioners who had held rank seven years after a change of appointment, with frontier service and joint recommendation by five or more circuit supervisors and route commanders, might be appointed remote-prefecture prefect through remote-prefecture defense commissioner. " The response edict stated: "Henceforth, when Imperial City and Palace Park vice commissioners underwent merit review, each would advance five ranks of seniority from the bottom of that rank's commissioner quota to a bureau commissioner. Those from Left Treasury vice commissioner upward who changed rank by compensation award or extraordinary promotion might follow the former practice. All other points followed the Bureau of Military Affairs' request. " Earlier Emperor Yingzong had told the chief ministers: "Bureau vice commissioners promoted to commissioner should begin from the Commissary Stores commissioner; advancing five ranks in parallel was too generous. " The council then jointly deliberated, memorialized the articles, and established this precedent.)
51
宗室自率府副率至侍中敘遷之製）〉 太子右內率府副率 〈（轉太子右監門率府率。）〉 太子右監門率府率 〈（轉右千牛衛將軍。）〉 右千牛衛將軍 〈（轉右監門衛大將軍。）〉
Ranked promotion for the imperial clan: from vice commandant of a rate office through Attendant-in-Waiting) Vice Commandant of the Heir Apparent's Right Inner Rate Office (Advanced to Commandant of the Heir Apparent's Right Gate Guard Rate Office.) Commandant of the Heir Apparent's Right Gate Guard Rate Office (Advanced to General of the Right Thousand-Ox Guard.) General of the Right Thousand-Ox Guard (Advanced to Great General of the Right Gate Guard.)
52
右監門衛大將軍 〈（轉遙郡刺史。）〉
Great General of the Right Gate Guard (Advanced to remote-prefecture prefect.)
53
遙郡刺史 〈（轉遙郡團練使，繼諸王後、見封國公及特旨，即轉正刺史。）〉
Remote-Prefecture Prefect (Advanced to remote-prefecture regimentation commissioner; following imperial princes, upon enfeoffment as state duke, or by special edict, to substantive prefect.)
54
遙郡團練使 〈（轉遙郡防禦使。 繼諸王後、見封國公及特旨，即轉正團練使。）〉 刺史 〈（轉團練使）〉 團練使 〈（轉防禦使）〉
Remote-Prefecture Regimentation Commissioner (Advanced to remote-prefecture defense commissioner. Following imperial princes, upon enfeoffment as state duke, or by special edict, to substantive regimentation commissioner.) Prefect (Advanced to regimentation commissioner) Regimentation Commissioner (Advanced to defense commissioner.)
55
防禦使 〈（轉觀察使。）〉 觀察使 〈（轉節度觀察留後。）〉 節度觀察留後 〈（轉節度使，特旨轉左、右衛上將軍。）〉 左、右衛上將軍節度使 〈（轉節度使同中書門下平章事。）〉
Defense Commissioner (Advanced to observation commissioner.) Observation Commissioner (Advanced to circuit intendant.) Circuit Intendant (Advanced to military commissioner; by special edict to senior general of the Left or Right Palace Guard.) Left or Right Palace Guard Senior General, Military Commissioner (Advanced to military commissioner with associate grand councilor of the Secretariat-Chancellery status.)
56
節度使同中書門下平章事 〈（轉節度使兼侍中。）〉 節度使兼侍中。
Military Commissioner with Associate Grand Councilor of the Secretariat-Chancellery Status (Advanced to military commissioner concurrently Attendant.) Military Commissioner concurrently Attendant.
57
內臣自皇城使特恩遷轉例 〈（合該磨勘，並臨時用例，取旨改轉。）〉 皇城使 〈（轉昭宣使。 國朝亦有外官為昭宣使者。）〉 昭宣使 〈（轉宣政使。）〉
Precedent for special-favor promotion of eunuch officials from Imperial City commissioner (Those due for merit review, together with temporary precedents, were reassigned by imperial order.) Imperial City Commissioner (Advanced to Zhaoxuan commissioner. The dynasty also appointed outside officials as Zhaoxuan commissioners.) Zhaoxuan Commissioner (Advanced to Xuanzheng commissioner.)
58
宣政使 〈（轉宣慶使。）〉 宣慶使 〈（轉景福殿使。）〉 景福殿使 〈（轉延福宮使。）〉 延福宮使 〈（凡不轉昭宣已上五使者，並轉遙郡。）
Xuanzheng Commissioner (Advanced to Xuanqing commissioner.) Xuanqing Commissioner (Advanced to Jingfu Hall commissioner.) Jingfu Hall Commissioner (Advanced to Yanfu Palace commissioner.) Yanfu Palace Commissioner (Those not advanced to the five commissioners from Zhaoxuan upward all advanced to remote-prefecture posts.
59
入內內侍省內臣敘遷之製。）〉
Ranked promotion for inner-palace eunuch officials of the Inner Attendant Directorate.)
60
祗候班 〈（雖有轉官法，近年無遷轉之人，惟敘官者一級當一官，內侍省同。）〉 北班內品 〈（轉後苑散內品。）〉 後苑散內品 〈（轉後苑勾當事內品）〉
Attendant-in-Waiting Rank (Although promotion rules existed, in recent years no one had been promoted; only seniority ranking counted one grade as one post—the Inner Attendant Directorate followed the same rule.) Northern Rank Inner Attendant (Advanced to Rear Garden probationary inner attendant.) Rear Garden Probationary Inner Attendant (Advanced to Rear Garden duty inner attendant)
61
後苑勾當事內品 〈（轉後苑內品。）〉 後苑內品 〈（轉把門內品。）〉 把門內品 〈（轉入內內品。）〉 入內內品 〈（轉貼祗候內品。）〉
Rear Garden Duty Inner Attendant (Advanced to Rear Garden inner attendant.) Rear Garden Inner Attendant (Advanced to gatekeeping inner attendant.) Gatekeeping Inner Attendant (Advanced to inner-palace inner attendant.) Inner-Palace Inner Attendant (Advanced to attached attendant-in-waiting inner attendant.)
62
貼祗候內品 〈（轉祗候小內品。）〉 祗候小內品 〈（轉祗候內品。）〉 祗候內品 〈（轉祗候高班內品。）〉 祗候高班內品 〈（轉祗候高品。）〉
Attached Attendant-in-Waiting Inner Attendant (Advanced to junior attendant-in-waiting inner attendant.) Junior Attendant-in-Waiting Inner Attendant (Advanced to attendant-in-waiting inner attendant.) Attendant-in-Waiting Inner Attendant (Advanced to senior-rank attendant-in-waiting inner attendant.) Senior-Rank Attendant-in-Waiting Inner Attendant (Advanced to senior-rank attendant-in-waiting.)
63
祗候高品 〈（轉祗候殿頭。）〉 祗候殿頭右係責降及責降人保引。 內待班 〈（轉黃門。）〉
Senior-Rank Attendant-in-Waiting (Advanced to hall head attendant-in-waiting.) Attendant-in-Waiting hall head: the right register was for demoted persons and their guarantors. Inner Attendant Rank (Advanced to Huangmen attendant.)
64
黃門 〈（轉高班。）〉 高班 〈（轉高品。）〉 高品 〈（轉殿頭。）〉 內侍殿頭 〈（轉內西頭供奉官。）〉
Huangmen Attendant (Advanced to senior class.) Senior Class (Advanced to senior rank.) Senior Rank (Advanced to hall head.) Inner Attendant Hall Head (Advanced to Inner Western Head Palace Attendant.)
65
內西頭供奉官 〈（轉內東頭供奉官。）〉 內東頭供奉官 〈（東頭供奉官已上轉官，依外官。） 內侍省內臣敘遷之製。） 祗候班）〉
Inner Western Head Palace Attendant (Advanced to Inner Eastern Head Palace Attendant.) Inner Eastern Head Palace Attendant (For promotion from Eastern Head Palace Attendant and above, follow outer-official regulations. Regulations for ranked promotion of eunuch officials of the Inner Attendant Directorate.) Attendant-in-Waiting Rank)
66
後苑散內品 〈（轉散內品。）〉 散內品 〈（轉北班內品。）〉 北班內品 〈（轉後苑勾當事內品。）〉 後苑勾當事內品 〈（轉後苑內品。）〉
Rear Garden Probationary Inner Attendant (Advanced to probationary inner attendant.) Probationary Inner Attendant (Advanced to Northern Rank inner attendant.) Northern Rank Inner Attendant (Advanced to Rear Garden duty inner attendant.) Rear Garden Duty Inner Attendant (Advanced to Rear Garden inner attendant.)
67
把門內品、後苑內品 〈（轉內品。）〉 內品 〈（轉貼祗候內品。）〉 貼祗候內品 〈（轉祗候內品。）〉 祗候內品 〈（轉祗候高班內品。）〉
Gatekeeping Inner Attendant, Rear Garden Inner Attendant (Advanced to inner attendant.) Inner Attendant (Advanced to attached attendant-in-waiting inner attendant.) Attached Attendant-in-Waiting Inner Attendant (Advanced to attendant-in-waiting inner attendant.) Attendant-in-Waiting Inner Attendant (Advanced to senior-rank attendant-in-waiting inner attendant.)
68
祗候高班內品 〈（轉祗候高品。） 祗候高品）〉
Senior-Rank Attendant-in-Waiting Inner Attendant (Advanced to senior-rank attendant-in-waiting. Senior-Rank Attendant-in-Waiting)
69
右係責降及責降人保引 〈（亦有非賣降由奏薦而除者。 入內內侍省同。）〉 內侍班黃門 〈（轉高班。）〉 高班 〈（轉高品。）〉
The right register was for demoted persons and their guarantors (There were also appointments by memorial recommendation, not through demotion-reduction. The Inner-Palace Inner Attendant Directorate followed the same rule.) Inner Attendant Rank, Huangmen Attendant (Advanced to senior class.) Senior Class (Advanced to senior rank.)
70
高品 〈（轉殿頭。）〉 殿頭 〈（轉內西頭供奉官。）〉 內西頭供奉官 〈（轉內東頭供奉官。）〉 內東頭供奉官 〈（東頭供奉官已上轉官，依外官例。）〉
Senior Rank (Advanced to hall head.) Hall Head (Advanced to Inner Western Head Palace Attendant.) Inner Western Head Palace Attendant (Advanced to Inner Eastern Head Palace Attendant.) Inner Eastern Head Palace Attendant (For promotion from Eastern Head Palace Attendant and above, follow outer-official precedent.)
71
右宋初以來，內侍未嚐磨勘轉官，唯有功乃遷。 至景祐中，詔：“內臣入仕三十年，累有勤勞，經十年未嚐遷者，奏聽旨。 ”猶無磨勘定格也。 慶曆以後，其製漸隳。 黃門有勞至減十五年，而入仕才五七年有勞至高品已上者，兩省因著十年磨勘之例，而減年復在其中。 嘉祐六年，樞密院始議厘革。 乃詔：“內臣入仕並三十年磨勘，已磨勘者，其以勞得減年者毋得過五年。”
On the right: From early Song, inner attendants had never undergone merit-review promotion; only merit brought advancement. In the Jingyou era, an edict stated: "Inner officials who had entered service for thirty years with accumulated merit, and who had gone ten years without promotion, might memorialize for imperial decision. " Yet there was still no fixed quota for merit review. After Qingli, the system gradually collapsed. Huangmen attendants with merit could have up to fifteen years reduced, yet some who had entered service only five or seven years with merit advanced to Senior Rank and above; the Two Departments therefore set a ten-year merit-review rule, and year reductions were counted within it. In the sixth year of Jiayou, the Bureau of Military Affairs first proposed reform. An edict then stated: "Inner officials on entering service were all subject to thirty-year merit review; for those already reviewed, merit-based year reductions could not exceed five years.
72
選人選京官之製有出身：
Regulations for selectees advancing to capital officials—those with examination origin:
73
判、司、簿、尉，七考除大理寺丞。 〈（不及七考，光祿寺丞。 不及五考，大理評事。 不及三考，奉禮郎。）〉
For magistrates, administrators, clerks, and constables, seven appraisals advanced one to vice director of the Court of Dali. (With fewer than seven appraisals, vice director of the Court of Imperial Enjoyment. With fewer than five appraisals, Dali Reviewer. With fewer than three appraisals, Ceremonial Officer of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices.)
74
初等職官，知令、錄，六考除大理寺丞。 〈（不及六考，光祿寺丞。 不及三考，大理評事。）〉
For primary-grade functional officials serving as magistrate or registrar, six appraisals advanced one to vice director of the Court of Dali. (With fewer than six appraisals, vice director of the Court of Imperial Enjoyment. With fewer than three appraisals, Dali Reviewer.)
75
兩使職官，知令、錄，六考除著作佐郎。 〈（不及六考，大理寺丞。 不及三考，光祿寺丞。）〉
For dual-commission functional officials serving as magistrate or registrar, six appraisals advanced one to Assistant Editor of the Historiography Office. (With fewer than six appraisals, vice director of the Court of Dali. With fewer than three appraisals, vice director of the Court of Imperial Enjoyment.)
76
支、掌、防、團判官，六考除太子中允。 〈（不及六考，著作佐郎。）〉 節、察判官，六考除太常丞， 〈（不及六考，太子中允。）〉 無出身：
For administrative, supervisory, defense, and training-camp judicial officers, six appraisals advanced one to Junior Attendant of the Heir Apparent. (With fewer than six appraisals, Assistant Editor of the Historiography Office.) For military-commissioner and surveillance-commissioner judicial officers, six appraisals advanced one to vice director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, (With fewer than six appraisals, Junior Attendant of the Heir Apparent.) Those without examination origin:
77
判、司、簿、尉，七考除衛尉寺丞。 〈（不及七考，大理評事。 不及五考，奉禮郎。 不及三考，守將作監主簿。）〉
For magistrates, administrators, clerks, and constables, seven appraisals advanced one to vice director of the Court of Imperial Guards. (With fewer than seven appraisals, Dali Reviewer. With fewer than five appraisals, Ceremonial Officer of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices. With fewer than three appraisals, acting chief secretary of the Directorate of Imperial Works.)
78
初等職官，知令、錄，六考除衛尉寺丞。 〈（不及六考，大理評事。 不及三考，奉禮郎。）〉
For primary-grade functional officials serving as probationary magistrate or registrar, six appraisals advanced one to vice director of the Court of Imperial Guards. (With fewer than six appraisals, Dali Reviewer. With fewer than three appraisals, Ceremonial Officer of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices.)
79
兩使職官，知令、錄，六考除大理寺丞。 〈（不及六考，衛尉寺丞，不及三考，大理評事。）〉
For dual-commission functional officials serving as probationary magistrate or registrar, six appraisals advanced one to vice director of the Court of Dali. (With fewer than six appraisals, vice director of the Court of Imperial Guards; with fewer than three appraisals, Dali Reviewer.)
80
支、掌、防、團判官，六考除著作佐郎。 〈（不及六考，大理寺丞。）〉 節、察判官，六考除太子中允。 〈（不及六考，著作佐郎。）〉 吏部流內銓諸色入流及循資磨勘選格入流
For administrative, supervisory, defense, and training-camp judicial officers, six appraisals advanced one to Assistant Editor of the Historiography Office. (With fewer than six appraisals, vice director of the Court of Dali.) For military-commissioner and surveillance-commissioner judicial officers, six appraisals advanced one to Junior Attendant of the Heir Apparent. (With fewer than six appraisals, Assistant Editor of the Historiography Office.) For the Ministry of Personnel Inner Flow Selection Board: various routes into the civil-service stream, and stream-entry regulations through seniority advancement, merit review, and selection criteria.
81
有出身：進士、明經入望州判、司，次畿簿、尉。 《九經》入緊州判、司，望縣簿、尉。
With examination origin: jinshi and mingjing degree-holders were posted to prestigious-prefecture administrators or magistrates, then to capital-ring county clerks or constables. Nine Classics degree-holders were posted to tight-prefecture administrators or magistrates, and to prestigious-county clerks or constables.
82
諸科、 〈（《五經》、《三禮》、《三史》、《三傳》，今雖無此科，緣見有逐色人。）〉 明法入上州判、司，緊縣簿、尉。 學究、武舉得班行人換授，入中州判、司，上縣簿、尉。
Miscellaneous examination subjects, (Five Classics, Three Rites, Three Histories, and Three Commentaries—those subjects no longer exist, but appointees of each kind still appear.) Legal-examination degree-holders were posted to upper-prefecture administrators or magistrates, and to tight-county clerks or constables. Study specialists and military-examination passers exchanged in from court-procession ranks were posted to middle-prefecture administrators or magistrates, and to upper-county clerks or constables.
83
無出身：太廟齊郎 〈（舊室長同。）〉 入中下州判、司，中縣簿、尉。
Without examination origin: Grand Temple Attendant (Formerly the same as chamber head.) They were posted to middle-lower-prefecture administrators or magistrates, and to middle-county clerks or constables.
84
郊社齊郎、舊掌坐同。 試銜白衣送銓注官，司士、文學、參軍、長史、司馬、助教得正官，並班行試換文資，入下州判、司，中下縣簿、尉。 三色人：
Suburban Sacrifice Attendants—the same as former seat keepers. White-robed probationary-rank candidates sent to the selection board: those appointed as Registrar of Merit, Literary Instructor, Military Adjutant, Chief Steward, Administrative Aide, or Assistant Instructor, together with court-procession probationers converted to civil qualifications, were posted to lower-prefecture administrators or magistrates, and to middle-lower-county clerks or constables. Three categories of persons:
85
攝官入小縣簿、尉。 進納授試銜，入下州判、司，中下縣簿、尉。 ”授太廟齊郎，入中州判、司，中縣簿、尉； 流外入下縣簿、尉。 已上並許超折地望注授。
Acting officials were posted to small-county clerks or constables. Tribute-purchase appointees receiving probationary rank were posted to lower-prefecture administrators or magistrates, and to middle-lower-county clerks or constables. "Those appointed Grand Temple Attendants were posted to middle-prefecture administrators or magistrates, and to middle-county clerks or constables; outside-stream clerks were posted to lower-county clerks or constables. All of the above were permitted appointment with override and discounting of place prestige.
86
循資常調：
Regular seniority-advancement assignments:
87
判、司、簿、尉有出身兩任四考，無出身兩任五考，攝官出判、司三任七考，並入錄事參軍。 但有舉主四人或有合使舉主二人，並許通注縣令，流外出身四任十考，入錄事參軍。 內係驅使官、沿堂五院人，隻注大郡判、司，大縣簿、尉。 進納出身三任七考，曾省試下第二任五考，入下州令、錄，仍差監當。
For magistrates, administrators, clerks, and constables: men with examination origin after two terms and four appraisals, men without examination origin after two terms and five appraisals, and acting officials after three terms as administrators and seven appraisals—all advanced to Registrar Assistant. With four recommenders, or with two appropriate recommenders, all were permitted general appointment as county magistrate; outside-stream origin after four terms and ten appraisals advanced to Registrar Assistant. Among them, attendant clerks and Five-Halls corridor staff were only posted to major-prefecture administrators or magistrates, and to major-county clerks or constables. Tribute-purchase origin after three terms and seven appraisals, or after a second term following failure in the provincial examination with five appraisals, advanced to lower-prefecture magistrate or registrar, still assigned to supervisory duty.
88
酬獎：
Merit rewards:
89
判、司、簿、尉初任循一資入知令、錄，次任二考已上入正令、錄。 知令、錄循一資入初等職官，正令錄入兩使職官。
On first assignment, magistrates, administrators, clerks, and constables advanced one rank of seniority to probationary magistrate or registrar; on the second term, with two or more appraisals, to full magistrate or registrar. Probationary magistrate or registrar advanced one rank to primary-grade functional official; full magistrate or registrar to dual-commission functional official.
90
初等職官循一資入兩使職官，兩資入支、掌、防、團判官，三資入節、察判官。 恩例：
Primary-grade functional officials advanced one rank to dual-commission functional officials; two ranks to administrative, supervisory, defense, and training-camp judicial officers; three ranks to military-commissioner and surveillance-commissioner judicial officers. Grace cases:
91
判、司、簿、尉用祖父五路及廣、桂知州帶安撫。 並知成都府、梓州及川、廣轉運提刑等恩例陳乞，循入試銜知縣，仍差監當。 奏薦：
Magistrates, administrators, clerks, and constables invoked a grandfather's service as pacification commissioner with prefect of one of the five circuits or of Guang or Gui. Together with grace petitions for knowledge of Chengdu and Zizhou prefectures and for Sichuan and Guang transport and judicial posts, they advanced to probationary-rank county magistrate, still assigned to supervisory duty. Memorial recommendations:
92
判、司、簿、尉。
Magistrates, administrators, clerks, and constables.
93
舉職官，有出身四考、有舉主三人，移初等職官，仍差知縣。 有出身四考、無出身六考注初等職官。 有出身六考、無出身七考注兩使職官。
Recommended functional officials: those with examination origin and four appraisals, with three recommenders, moved to primary-grade functional official, still assigned as county magistrate. Those with examination origin and four appraisals, or without examination origin and six appraisals, were posted to primary-grade functional officials. Those with examination origin and six appraisals, or without examination origin and seven appraisals, were posted to dual-commission functional officials.
94
舉縣令，有出身三考、無出身四考，攝官出身六考、有舉主三人，進納出身六考、有舉主四人，流外出身三任七考、有舉主六人，並移縣令。 內流外人入錄事參軍。
Recommended county magistrates: those with examination origin and three appraisals, or without examination origin and four appraisals; acting officials with examination origin and six appraisals and three recommenders; tribute-purchase origin with six appraisals and four recommenders; outside-stream origin with three terms and seven appraisals and six recommenders—all moved to county magistrate. Among them, outside-stream persons advanced to Registrar Assistant.
95
令、錄係舉人入，任內有京官舉主二人，循兩使職官、知縣。
Magistrates and registrars who entered through recommendation, with two capital officials as recommenders during the term, advanced to dual-commission functional official or county magistrate.
96
初等職官、知縣係舉人入，任內有京官職舉主二人，循兩使職官，如願知縣者聽。 磨勘：
Primary-grade functional officials and county magistrates who entered through recommendation, with two capital functional officials as recommenders during the term, advanced to dual-commission functional officials; those who wished to serve as county magistrate were permitted. Merit review:
97
判、司、簿、尉七考，知令、錄、職官六考，有京官舉主五人，內一員轉運使、副或提刑，並磨勘引見，轉合入京朝官。
Seven appraisals for magistrates, administrators, clerks, and constables; six appraisals for probationary magistrates, registrars, and functional officials; with five capital officials as recommenders, including one transport commissioner or deputy or judicial intendant—all underwent merit review with formal presentation and were transferred to the appropriate capital-region court official.
98
兩使職官、知縣係舉人入，並因舉循入，任內有京官舉主二人，磨勘引見，轉合入京官。
Dual-commission functional officials and county magistrates who entered through recommendation, and who had advanced through recommendation, with two capital officials as recommenders during the term, underwent merit review with formal presentation and were transferred to the appropriate capital official.
99
令、錄流外出身，係舉人入，任內有班行舉主三人，磨勘引見，改換班行。 差攝：長史、文學兩舉進士三舉諸科特恩與攝官
Magistrates and registrars of outside-stream origin who entered through recommendation, with three court-procession recommenders during the term, underwent merit review with formal presentation and were exchanged to court-procession rank. Provisional assignment: chief stewards and literary instructors—jinshi after two attempts, various-subject degree-holders after three attempts, special-grace appointees, and acting officials
100
已上，廣南東路長史、文學與舉人，中半差攝； 西路長史、文學七分，舉人二分，特恩攝官一分。 試補：
For the above, on the Eastern Guangnan Route chief stewards, literary instructors, and recommenders were assigned by half-and-half provisional quota; on the Western Route, chief stewards and literary instructors seven-tenths, recommenders two-tenths, special-grace acting officials one-tenth. Examination supplementation:
101
正額及額外攝官並試公案，以合格名次高下差攝。 內試不中及不能就試者，並在試中人之下。 解發：
Regular-quota and extra-quota acting officials all examined case dossiers; provisional assignments were made by pass order from highest to lowest. Among them, those who failed the examination or could not take it were all ranked below those who took the examination. Release for selection:
102
入額人一任實滿四年與解發。 如差監當、監稅，即以二年為一任，理兩攝，並解發赴銓。 海北攝官差往海南，減一年。 犯公罪展攝二年，監當虧少課利罰半月奉者，添攝一任，罰一月奉者添攝兩任。
Quota entrants after one full four-year term received release for selection. If assigned to supervisory duty or tax supervision, two years counted as one term, reckoned as two assignments, and all were released to the selection board. Acting officials from the north sea circuit sent to Hainan had one year deducted. Public offenses extended assignment by two years; for supervisory duty with shortfall in revenue and a penalty of half a month's salary, one assignment was added; for a penalty of one month's salary, two assignments were added.
103
流外出官法
Regulations for outside-stream officials
104
尚書省 〈（書令史、都省二十四司、禮部貢院、吏部流內銓、官誥院七選，都省敕庫、兵部甲庫八選，諸司驅使官、都省散官十九選，貢院散官十八選：並補正名後理，或酬獎，減一等出簿、尉。）〉
Department of State Affairs (Registry clerks, the twenty-four bureaus of the Secretariat, the Ministry of Rites examination yard, the Ministry of Personnel Inner Flow Selection Board, and the Patent Office: seven selection cycles; the Secretariat edict storehouse and Ministry of War armor storehouse: eight cycles; various office attendant clerks and Secretariat miscellaneous officials: nineteen cycles; examination-yard miscellaneous officials: eighteen cycles—all counted after filling the regular name, or as merit reward, exiting one grade lower to clerk or constable.)
105
門下省 〈（白院令史七選，畫頭、書院、甲庫令史讚者八選，並補正名後理； 驅使官九選，授勒留官後理：並出簿、尉。）〉 中書省 〈（白院令史七選，甲庫令史八選，並補正名後理； 驅使官九選，授勒留後理，並出簿、尉。 學士院錄事補正名後理，三年出奉職。 孔目官遇大禮，從上出一名，不遇大禮七選； 驅使官遇大禮，從上三人並出簿、尉，不遇恩十選，並授勒留官後理。）〉
Chancellery (White-Hall registry clerks: seven cycles; drafting heads, academy, and armor-storehouse registry clerks and eulogists: eight cycles—all counted after filling the regular name; attendant clerks: nine cycles, counted after appointment as detained-retention official: all exited to clerk or constable.) Secretariat (White-Hall registry clerks: seven cycles; armor-storehouse registry clerks: eight cycles—all counted after filling the regular name; attendant clerks: nine cycles, counted after detained-retention appointment, all exited to clerk or constable. Academy Institute registrars, counted after filling the regular name, exited after three years to Attendant of the Imperial Clan. For registry officers, when Great Rites occurred one person exited from the top; without Great Rites, seven cycles; for attendant clerks, when Great Rites occurred three persons from the top all exited to clerk or constable; without such grace, ten cycles—all counted after appointment as detained-retention official.)
106
御史台 〈（令史七選補正名，驅使官九選授勒留官，並出簿、尉。 引讚官補正名後，遇大禮出錄事參軍。 試中刑罰人充主推，五年出奉職。 書史五年，出借職。 係諸處取到人充主推，八年出借職。 書史出三班差使。）〉
Censorate (Registry clerks: seven cycles to fill the regular name; attendant clerks: nine cycles to detained-retention official—all exited to clerk or constable. Presentation eulogists, after filling the regular name, on Great Rites exited to Registrar Assistant. Those who passed the penal-examination and served as chief presenters exited after five years to Attendant of the Imperial Clan. Document clerks: five years, to loaned-out appointment. Those recruited from various places to serve as chief presenters: eight years to loaned-out appointment. Document clerks exited to Three-Rank probationary service.)
107
三司 〈（三部都孔目官三年出西頭供奉官； 前、後行入仕三十年已上，遇大禮，從上各出二人，前行出奉職，後行出借職； 子司勾覆、開拆官五年出左、右班殿直，前、後行出二人。 同三部衙司都押衙三年出奉職，衙佐三年出借職； 通引官行首司五年出奉職：並補正名後理。）〉
Three Departments (Chief registry officers of all three departments: three cycles advanced to Western-end Commemorative Service Officer; front and rear sections with thirty or more years in office—on Great Rites, two persons from the top in each section exited; the front section to Attendant of the Imperial Clan, the rear section to loaned-out appointment; sub-office checking and opening officers: five cycles exited to left or right palace guards; front and rear sections, two persons each. The same as the Three Departments office chief supervisor: three years exited to Attendant of the Imperial Clan; assistants three years to loaned-out appointment; After filling their regular names, liaison officers' section heads in the office were promoted to Attendant of the Imperial Clan after five cycles.)
108
開封府 〈（孔目官補正名後理，五年出右班殿直。 左知客押衙六年、通引官左番行首七年的出奉職，並補正名後理。 支計官、勾覆官、開拆官、接押官出奉職，諸司行首前行出借職，並遇大禮，以入仕及三十年已上者三人出職。）〉
Kaifeng Prefecture (Registry officers, once their regular names were filled, were promoted after five years to Right Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant. Left reception chief supervisors: six years; liaison officers' left-rotation section heads: seven years to Attendant of the Imperial Clan—all counted after filling the regular name. Disbursement officers, checking review officers, opening inspection officers, and receiving custody officers advanced to Attendant of the Imperial Clan; section heads of various offices in the front section to loaned-out appointment; on Great Rites, three persons with thirty or more years since entering office were promoted.)
109
殿前司 〈（孔目官五年出右侍禁，通引官行首三年出奉職，並補正名後理。）〉
Palace Front Command (Registry officers: five years to Right Palace Attendant Guard; liaison officers' section heads: three years to Attendant of the Imperial Clan—all counted after filling the regular name.)
110
馬步軍司 〈（孔目官五年出右班殿直，通引官行首三年出借職，並補正名後理。）〉 入內、內侍兩省 〈（前、後行補正名後理，三年出奉職。）〉 大宗正司 〈（勾押官補正名後理，三年出借職。）〉
Cavalry and Infantry Command (Registry officers: five years to Right Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant; liaison officers' section heads: three years to loaned-out appointment—all counted after filling the regular name.) Inner Palace and Inner Service Directorates (Front and rear sections, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after three years to Attendant of the Imperial Clan.) Office of the Imperial Clan Elder (Checking-and-custody officers, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after three years to loaned-out appointment.)
111
三班院 〈（勾押官補正名後理，五年出奉職。）〉 審官院 〈（令史授勒留官後理，七年出簿、尉。）〉
Three-Rank Institute (Checking-and-custody officers, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after five years to Attendant of the Imperial Clan.) Qualification Review Institute (Registry clerks, counted after appointment as detained-retention official, advanced after seven cycles to clerk or constable.)
112
九寺 〈（府史，太常、大理寺七選； 宗正、光祿、太府、太仆、衛尉、鴻臚、司農寺十選； 驅使官十九選； 宗正司楷書八選：並補正名後理，出簿、尉。）〉
Nine Courts (Office clerks: Courts of Imperial Sacrifices and Dali, seven cycles; Imperial Clan, Imperial Entertainment, Imperial Treasury, Imperial Stud, Imperial Guards, Court of State Ceremonial, and Directorate of Agriculture, ten cycles; attendant clerks: nineteen cycles; Imperial Clan Office copyists: eight cycles—all counted after filling the regular name, advanced to clerk or constable.)
113
諸監 〈（都水監勾押官補正名後理，三年出奉職。 少府、將作監府史十選，國子監八選，司天監禮生、曆生選，少府，將作監驅使官十九選：並補正名後理，出簿、尉。）〉
Various Directorates (Directorate of Waterways checking-and-custody officers, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after three years to Attendant of the Imperial Clan. Directorate of Imperial Manufactories and Directorate of Imperial Works office clerks: ten cycles; Directorate of Education: eight cycles; Directorate of Astronomy ritual and calendar specialists: per selection cycles; Directorate of Imperial Manufactories and Directorate of Imperial Works attendant clerks: nineteen cycles—all counted after filling the regular name, advanced to clerk or constable.)
114
群牧司 〈（都勾押官補正名後理，三年出奉職。）〉
Herd Management Office (Chief checking-and-custody officers, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after three years to Attendant of the Imperial Clan.)
115
客省 〈（行首補正名後理三年，勾押官五年，並出奉職。 承受並驅使官授勒留官後理，七選出簿、尉。）〉
Guest Reception Office (Section heads, after three years counted from filling the regular name; checking-and-custody officers, after five years—all advanced to Attendant of the Imperial Clan. Reception officers and attendant clerks, counted after appointment as detained-retention official, advanced after seven cycles to clerk or constable.)
116
四方館 〈（書令史補正名後理，八選； 表奏官、驅使官授勒留官後理，九選，並出簿、尉。）〉
Four Directions Hostel (Registry clerks, counted after filling the regular name, eight cycles; memorial-presenting officers and attendant clerks, counted after appointment as detained-retention official, nine cycles—all advanced to clerk or constable.)
117
閤門 〈（行首補正名後理，三年出右侍禁。 承受授勒留官後理，七選出簿、尉。）〉
Gate Department (Section heads, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after three years to Right Palace Attendant Guard. Reception officers, counted after appointment as detained-retention official, advanced after seven cycles to clerk or constable.)
118
太常禮院 〈（禮直官自補副禮直官後，六經大禮，出西頭供奉官。 禮生補正名後理，六選出簿、尉。）〉 審刑院 〈（充本院書令史後理，六選出簿、尉。）〉
Court of Imperial Sacrifices Ritual Office (Ritual liaison officers, from appointment as associate ritual liaison officer, after six cycles of Great Rites advanced to Western-end Commemorative Service Officer. Ritual specialists, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after six cycles to clerk or constable.) Sentence Review Institute (Counted from service as this institute's registry clerk, advanced after six cycles to clerk or constable.)
119
秘書殿中省 〈（令史、楷書並補正名後理，八選出簿、尉。）〉
Secretariat and Palace Directorate (Registry clerks and copyists, all counted after filling the regular name, advanced after eight cycles to clerk or constable.)
120
起居院 〈（楷書八選、驅使官十九選，並補正名後理，出薄、尉。）〉 崇文院 〈（孔目官補正名後理，遇大禮，出奉職。）〉
Daily Records Institute (Copyists: eight cycles; attendant clerks: nineteen cycles—all counted after filling the regular name, advanced to clerk or constable.) Esteeming Literature Institute (Registry officers, counted after filling the regular name, on Great Rites advanced to Attendant of the Imperial Clan.)
121
三館 〈（孔目官、四庫書直官八選，楷書七選，書直、書庫、表奏官九選，守當官十選，並授勒留官後理； 楷書補正名後理：並出簿、尉。）〉 秘閣 〈（典書、楷書並補正名後理，七選出簿、尉。）〉
Three Halls (Registry officers and four-depot book direct officers: eight cycles; copyists: seven cycles; book direct officers, book storehouse officers, and memorial-presenting officers: nine cycles; on-duty officers: ten cycles—all counted after appointment as detained-retention official; copyists, counted after filling the regular name: all advanced to clerk or constable.) Arcane Vault (Archivist officers and copyists, all counted after filling the regular name, advanced after seven cycles to clerk or constable.)
122
軍頭引見司 〈（勾押官補正名後理，五年出右班殿直。）〉 皇城司 〈（勾押官補正名後理，三年出奉職。）〉 內東門司 〈（押司官補正名後理，三年出借職。）〉
Military Head Presentation Office (Checking-and-custody officers, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after five years to Right Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant.) Imperial City Office (Checking-and-custody officers, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after three years to Attendant of the Imperial Clan.) Inner Eastern Gate Office (Custody squad officers, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after three years to loaned-out appointment.)
123
管勾往來國信所 〈（勾押官補正名後理，三年出奉職。）〉 翰林司 〈（專知官三年界滿，大將，出奉職。）〉 內藏庫 〈（專知官三年界滿，出借職。）〉 禦藥院 〈（押司官補正名後理，三年出借職。）〉
Office Supervising Incoming and Outgoing State Letters (Checking-and-custody officers, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after three years to Attendant of the Imperial Clan.) Hanlin Provision Office (Specialized duty officers: when a three-year term was completed; senior commanders advanced to Attendant of the Imperial Clan.) Inner Treasury (Specialized duty officers: when a three-year term was completed, to loaned-out appointment.) Imperial Pharmacy (Custody squad officers, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after three years to loaned-out appointment.)
124
禦書院 〈（待詔五年出左班殿直，書藝十年出右班殿直，禦書祗候十五年出借職，並補正名後理。）〉
Imperial Calligraphy Institute (Awaiting-order artists: five years to Left Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant; calligraphy specialists: ten years to Right Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant; imperial calligraphy attendants: fifteen years to loaned-out appointment—all counted after filling the regular name.)
125
進奏院 〈（進奏官補正名後理，十五年遇大禮，無過犯，從上五人出職。 有過犯經洗雪，曾經決責，出借職。 人數無定限。）〉 禦廚 〈（勾押官補正名後理，三年出職。）〉
Memorial Dispatch Institute (Memorial-dispatch officers, counted after filling the regular name—after fifteen years, on Great Rites without offense, five top-ranked persons were promoted. Those with offenses later cleared, or who had undergone disciplinary beating and fine, advanced to loaned-out appointment. (The number of appointees had no fixed limit.) Imperial Kitchen (Checking-and-custody officers, counted after filling the regular name, advanced after three years to appointment.)
126
金吾街司、仗司 〈（孔目官，表奏、勾押、驅使官，並補正名後理，十九選出簿、尉。 文臣換右職之製）〉 秘書監 〈（換防禦使。）〉 大卿、監 〈（換團練使。）〉
Golden Guard Street Bureau and Ceremonial Arms Bureau (Registry officers, memorial-presentation officers, checking-and-custody officers, and dispatch officers—all counted after filling the regular name; after nineteen selections they advanced to registrar and constable. Regulations for civil officials' exchange to right-rank posts.) Director of the Secretariat (Exchanged to defense commissioner.) Grand Directors and Commissioners (Exchanged to regimentation commissioner.)
127
秘書少監，太常、光祿少卿 〈（換刺史。）〉 少卿、監 〈（換皇城使、遙郡刺史。）〉 帶職郎中 〈（換閤門使。）〉 前行郎中 〈（換宮苑使。）〉
Vice Director of the Secretariat; vice directors of the Courts of Imperial Sacrifices and Imperial Enjoyment (Exchanged to prefect.) Vice Directors and Commissioners (Exchanged to Imperial City commissioner and remote-prefecture prefect.) Director with Attached Title (Exchanged to palace gate commissioner.) Front-Rank Director (Exchanged to commissioner of the Palace Park.)
128
中行郎中 〈（換內藏庫使。）〉 後行郎中 〈（換莊宅使。）〉 帶職前行員外郎前行員外郎並 〈（並換洛苑使。）〉
Middle-Rank Director (Exchanged to commissioner of the Inner Treasury.) Rear-Rank Director (Exchanged to commissioner of Crown Estates.) Director with Attached Title and Front-Rank Vice Director, and Front-Rank Vice Directors jointly (All exchanged to commissioner of the Luoyang Park.)
129
帶職中行員外郎，起居舍人，侍御史，中行員外郎 〈（並換西京作坊使。）〉
Director with Attached Title and Middle-Rank Vice Director; Attendant Recorder of the Emperor; Attending Censor; Middle-Rank Vice Director (All exchanged to commissioner of the Western Capital Workshops.)
130
帶職後行員外郎，左、右司諫，殿中侍御史，後行員外郎 〈（並換供備為使。 已上並帶遙郡刺史。）〉 帶職博士，左、右正言，監察御史 〈（換閤門副使。）〉
Director with Attached Title and Rear-Rank Vice Director; Left and Right Remonstrance Officers; Attending Censor in the Palace; Rear-Rank Vice Director (All exchanged to commissioner of Commissary Stores. All listed above also bore remote-prefecture prefect.) Erudite with Attached Title; Left and Right Rectifiers; Investigating Censor (Exchanged to palace gate vice commissioner.)
131
太常博士 〈（換內藏庫副使。）〉 國子博士 〈（換左藏庫副使。）〉 太常丞 〈（換莊宅副合，）〉 秘書丞 〈（換六宅副使。）〉
Erudite of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices (Exchanged to vice commissioner of the Inner Treasury.) Erudite of the Directorate of Education (Exchanged to vice commissioner of the Left Treasury.) Vice Director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices (Exchanged to vice commissioner of Crown Estates.) Vice Director of the Secretariat (Exchanged to vice commissioner of the Six Residences.)
132
殿中丞，著作郎 〈（換文思副使。）〉 太子中允 〈（換禮賓副使。）〉 太子左右讚善大夫、中舍、洗馬 〈（換供備庫副使。）〉 秘書郎，著作佐郎 〈（換內殿承旨。）〉
Palace Vice Director; Historiography Editor (Exchanged to vice commissioner of the Bureau of Imperial Manufactories.) Junior Attendant of the Heir Apparent (Exchanged to vice commissioner of Guest Reception.) Left and Right Supporters of the Heir Apparent, Middle Attendants, and Grooms of the Heir Apparent (Exchanged to vice commissioner of Commissary Stores.) Secretariat Gentleman; Assistant Editor of the Historiography Office (Exchanged to Inner Hall Draftsman-in-Waiting.)
133
大理寺丞 〈（換內殿崇班。）〉 諸司監丞，節度、觀察判官 〈（換東頭供奉官。）〉 大理評事，節度掌書記，觀察支使 〈（換西頭供奉官。）〉 太常寺太祝，奉禮郎 〈（換左侍禁。）〉
Vice Director of the Court of Dali (Exchanged to Inner Hall Honored Array.) Vice directors of the various directorates; military commission and observation commission adjutants (Exchanged to Eastern Head Palace Attendant.) Dali Evaluator; military commission secretaries; observation commission aides (Exchanged to Western Head Palace Attendant.) Grand Sacrificer of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices; Reception Gentleman (Exchanged to Left Palace Attendant Guard.)
134
初等職官，知令、錄並兩使職官，防禦、團練判官，令、錄未及三考 〈（換左班殿直。）〉 初等職官，知令、錄未及三考 〈（換右班殿直。）〉 判、司、簿、尉 〈（換三班奉職。）〉
Primary-grade functional officials serving as magistrate or registrar, and dual-commission functional officials; defense and regimentation adjutants; magistrates and registrars before the third appraisal (Exchanged to Left Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant.) Primary-grade functional officials serving as magistrate or registrar before the third appraisal (Exchanged to Right Class Palace Guard Direct Attendant.) Administrators, recorders, registrars, and constables (Exchanged to Three-Rank Service Officer.)
135
試銜齋郎並判、司、簿、尉未及三考 〈（換三班借職，已上京官至太常丞帶職，加一資換。）〉
Student Aspirant with probationary title, and administrators, recorders, registrars, and constables before the third appraisal (Exchanged to Three-Rank Probationary Officer; for capital officials through vice director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices with attached title, one additional rank of seniority was added to the exchange.)
136
右文官換右職者，除流外、進納及犯私罪情重並贓罪外，年四十以下並許試換右職。 三班使臣補換及三年、差使及五年，方許試換。 已上並召京朝官或使臣二人委保。 其文臣待制、武臣觀察使已上原換官，取旨。
As for civil officials exchanging to right-rank posts: except irregular-clerk entrants, purchasers of office, those guilty of serious private offenses, and embezzlement, all under age forty were permitted trial exchange to right-rank posts. Three-Rank envoys who had supplemented or exchanged ranks needed three years, or five years if assigned on mission, before trial exchange was permitted. All of the above required summoning two capital officials or envoys to vouch for them. For civil Academicians-in-Waiting and military officials of observation commissioner and above who originally exchanged posts, the matter was taken by imperial rescript.
137
紹興復修試換之令，淳熙增廣尚左、尚右、待左、侍右換官之格，列而書之，以見新式。 若中大夫而下文臣換官。 仍政和舊制，則不書。
In Shaoxing the trial-exchange regulations were restored; in Chunxi the exchange tables for Superior Left, Superior Right, Attendant Left, and Attendant Right were expanded and set forth in writing to show the new form. As for civil officials exchanging posts from Court Grandee downward. Those still under the old Zhenghe system were not recorded.
138
諸訓武郎至進武校尉，不曾犯贓私罪及笞刑經決而願換文資者，聽召保官二員，具家狀連保狀二本，詣登聞鼓院投進乞試。 〈（外任人候替罷就試。 文資換武者聽。）〉 準此，即授小使臣後未及三年，授進武校尉後未及五年，三省、樞密院書令史以下授使臣、進武校尉； 若保甲及試武藝並進納、流外出身，不用此令。 諸武臣試換文資，於《易》、《詩》、《周禮》、《禮記》各專一經，仍兼《論》、《孟》； 原試詩賦及依法官條試斷案、《刑統》大義者，聽。
All officers from Martial Training Gentleman through Advanced Martial Captain who had not committed embezzlement or serious private offenses or undergone disciplinary bamboo beating, yet wished to exchange to civil status, were permitted to summon two guarantor officials, prepare household registers with two copies of guarantee documents, and submit a petition for trial at the Memorial Drum Court. (Those serving outside the capital waited until their replacement term ended before taking the trial. Those exchanging civil qualifications to military status were also permitted.) By this rule: if fewer than three years had passed since appointment as junior envoy, or fewer than five years since appointment as Advanced Martial Captain, Secretariat directors and registrars of the Three Departments and Bureau of Military Affairs who had received such appointments; Community-defense appointees, martial-arts examination entrants, purchasers of office, and irregular-clerk entrants were not subject to this regulation. For military officials trial-exchanging to civil status, each specialized in one of the Changes, Odes, Rites of Zhou, and Record of Rites, and also studied the Analects and Mencius; Those who had originally been examined in poetry and rhapsody, or under legal-official regulations in case adjudication and the Great Principles of the Penal Code, were also permitted.
139
換官：尚右，訓武、修武郎換宣教郎。 侍左，承直郎換從義郎。 文林、從政郎奏 〈（舉職官、知縣同。）〉 換忠翊郎，未滿三考成忠郎。 從事、修職換成忠郎，未滿三考保義郎。 迪功郎換成節郎，未滿三考承信郎。 將仕郎換承信郎，侍右，從義郎換宣義郎。 秉義郎換承事郎。 忠訓郎換承奉郎。 忠翊郎換承務郎。 成忠郎換從事郎。 保義郎換修職郎。 承節、承信郎換迪功郎。 進武校尉、進義校尉換將仕郎。 蔭補換使臣。 承奉郎換忠翊郎。 承務郎換成忠郎。 文林郎換保義郎。 從事、從政、迪功、通事郎換成節郎。 登仕、將仁郎換承信郎。
Exchange of posts: Superior Right—Martial Training and Martial Cultivation Gentlemen exchanged to Gentleman of Instruction and Proclamation. Attendant Left—Gentleman Who Upholds Integrity exchanged to Gentleman of Following Righteousness. Forest-of-Letters and Following-Governance Gentlemen (Same as Recommending Functional Officials and magistrates.) Exchanged to Loyal Assistant Gentleman; if fewer than three appraisals, to Established Loyalty Gentleman. Gentlemen Attendant and Cultivated Office exchanged to Established Loyalty Gentleman; if fewer than three appraisals, to Gentleman Who Upholds Righteousness. Gentleman of Advancing Merit exchanged to Established Integrity Gentleman; if fewer than three appraisals, to Gentleman Who Upholds Trust. Gentleman Awaiting Office exchanged to Gentleman Who Upholds Trust; Attendant Right—Gentleman of Following Righteousness exchanged to Gentleman of Proclaimed Righteousness. Gentleman Who Upholds Righteousness exchanged to Gentleman Who Upholds Affairs. Loyal Instruction Gentleman exchanged to Gentleman Who Upholds Tribute. Loyal Assistant Gentleman exchanged to Gentleman Who Upholds Duties. Established Loyalty Gentleman exchanged to Gentleman Attendant. Gentleman Who Upholds Righteousness exchanged to Gentleman of Cultivated Office. Established Integrity and Upholds Trust Gentlemen exchanged to Gentleman of Advancing Merit. Advanced Martial Captain and Advanced Righteousness Captain exchanged to Gentleman Awaiting Office. Hereditary appointees exchanged to envoys. Gentleman Who Upholds Tribute exchanged to Loyal Assistant Gentleman. Gentleman Who Upholds Duties exchanged to Established Loyalty Gentleman. Forest-of-Letters Gentleman exchanged to Gentleman Who Upholds Righteousness. Gentlemen Attendant, Following Governance, Advancing Merit, and Liaison exchanged to Established Integrity Gentleman. Gentlemen Who Enter Office and General Benevolence exchanged to Gentleman Who Upholds Trust.
140
文散官二十九
Civil prestige titles: twenty-nine
141
開府儀同三司 〈（從一）〉 特進 〈（正二）〉 光祿大夫 〈（從二）〉
Actuating Grandee Secretary Paralleling the Three Excellencies (Junior First Rank.) Special Grandee (Senior Second Rank.) Grandee of Splendid Happiness (Junior Second Rank.)
142
金紫光祿大夫 〈（正三）〉 銀青光錄大夫 〈（從三）〉 正奉大夫 〈（正四上階）〉
Grandee of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon (Senior Third Rank.) Silver-Gleam Grandee of Splendid Happiness (Junior Third Rank.) Grandee of Flourishing Tribute (Senior Fourth Rank, Upper Tier.)
143
中奉大夫 〈（正四）〉 太中大夫 〈（從四上階）〉 中大夫 〈（從四）〉
Grandee of Central Tribute (Senior Fourth Rank.) Grandee of the Palace (Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Tier.) Court Grandee (Junior Fourth Rank.)
144
中散大夫 〈（正五上）〉 朝奉大夫 〈（正五）〉 朝散大夫 〈（從五上）〉
Grandee Who Scatters the Court (Senior Fifth Rank, Upper Tier.) Grandee of Court Tribute (Senior Fifth Rank.) Grandee Who Scatters from Court (Junior Fifth Rank, Upper Tier.)
145
朝請大夫 〈（從五）〉 朝奉郎 〈（正六上）〉 承直郎 〈（正六）〉
Grandee of Court Petition (Junior Fifth Rank.) Court Tribute Gentleman (Senior Sixth Rank, Upper Tier.) Gentleman Who Upholds Integrity (Senior Sixth Rank.)
146
奉直郎 〈（從六上）〉 通直郎 〈（從六）〉 朝請郎 〈（正七上）〉
Gentleman of Upright Tribute (Junior Sixth Rank, Upper Tier.) Gentleman of Penetrating Integrity (Junior Sixth Rank.) Court Petition Gentleman (Senior Seventh Rank, Upper Tier.)
147
宣德郎 〈（正七）〉 朝散郎 〈（從七上）〉 宣奉郎 〈（從七）〉
Gentleman of Acclaimed Virtue (Senior Seventh Rank.) Court Scattered Gentleman (Junior Seventh Rank, Upper Tier.) Gentleman of Proclaimed Tribute (Junior Seventh Rank.)
148
給事郎 〈（正八上）〉 承事郎 〈（正八）〉 承奉郎 〈（從八上）〉
Gentleman Attendant of Affairs (Senior Eighth Rank, Upper Tier.) Gentleman Who Upholds Affairs (Senior Eighth Rank.) Gentleman Who Upholds Tribute (Junior Eighth Rank, Upper Tier.)
149
承務郎 〈（從八）〉 儒林郎 〈（正九上）〉 登仕郎 〈（正九）〉 文林郎 〈（從九上）〉 將仕郎 〈（從九）〉 右朝官階、勳高，遇恩加八大夫。
Gentleman Who Upholds Duties (Junior Eighth Rank.) Confucian Forest Gentleman (Senior Ninth Rank, Upper Tier.) Gentleman Who Enters Office (Senior Ninth Rank.) Forest-of-Letters Gentleman (Junior Ninth Rank, Upper Tier.) Gentleman Awaiting Office (Junior Ninth Rank.) Court-official rank holders and those with high merit honors advanced within the eight Grandee titles on grace promotions.
150
武散官三十一
Military prestige titles: thirty-one
151
驃騎大將軍 〈（從一）〉 輔國大將軍 〈（正二上）〉 鎮國大將軍 〈（正二）〉
Swift Cavalry Great General (Junior First Rank.) Assisting State Great General (Senior Second Rank, Upper Tier.) Stabilizing State Great General (Senior Second Rank.)
152
冠軍大將軍 〈（正三上）〉 懷化大將軍 〈（正三）〉 雲麾將軍 〈（從三上）〉
Champion Great General (Senior Third Rank, Upper Tier.) Cherishing Transformation Great General (Senior Third Rank.) Cloud Banner General (Junior Third Rank, Upper Tier.)
153
歸德將軍 〈（從三）〉 忠武將軍 〈（正四上）〉 壯武將軍 〈（正四）〉
Returning Virtue General (Junior Third Rank.) Loyal Martial General (Senior Fourth Rank, Upper Tier.) Robust Martial General (Senior Fourth Rank.)
154
宣威將軍 〈（從四上）〉 明威將軍 〈（從四）〉 定遠將軍 〈（正五上）〉
Proclaiming Might General (Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Tier.) Bright Might General (Junior Fourth Rank.) Pacifying Distance General (Senior Fifth Rank, Upper Tier.)
155
寧遠將軍 〈（正五）〉 遊騎將軍 〈（從五上）〉 遊擊將 〈（從五）〉
Pacifying the Far General (Senior Fifth Rank.) Roaming Cavalry General (Junior Fifth Rank, Upper Tier.) Raiding Strike General (Junior Fifth Rank.)
156
昭武校尉 〈（正六上）〉 昭武副尉 〈（正六）〉 振威校尉 〈（從六上）〉
Proclaiming Martial Captain (Senior Sixth Rank, Upper Tier.) Proclaiming Martial Deputy Captain (Senior Sixth Rank.) Quelling Might Captain (Junior Sixth Rank, Upper Tier.)
157
振威副尉 〈（從六）〉 致果校尉 〈（正七上）〉 致果副尉 〈（正七）〉
Quelling Might Deputy Captain (Junior Sixth Rank.) Delivering Fruits Captain (Senior Seventh Rank, Upper Tier.) Delivering Fruits Deputy Captain (Senior Seventh Rank.)
158
翊麾校尉 〈（從七上）〉 翊麾副尉 〈（從七）〉 宣節校尉 〈（正八上）〉
Assisting Banner Captain (Junior Seventh Rank, Upper Tier.) Assisting Banner Deputy Captain (Junior Seventh Rank.) Proclaiming Integrity Captain (Senior Eighth Rank, Upper Tier.)
159
宣節副尉 〈（正八）〉 禦武校尉 〈（從八上）〉 禦武副尉 〈（從八）〉
Proclaiming Integrity Deputy Captain (Senior Eighth Rank.) Defending Martial Captain (Junior Eighth Rank, Upper Tier.) Defending Martial Deputy Captain (Junior Eighth Rank.)
160
仁勇校尉 〈（正九上）〉 仁勇副尉 〈（正九）〉 陪戎校尉 〈（從九上）〉 陪戎副衛 〈（從九）〉
Benevolent Bravery Captain (Senior Ninth Rank, Upper Tier.) Benevolent Bravery Deputy Captain (Senior Ninth Rank.) Escort-the-Campaign Captain (Junior Ninth Rank, Upper Tier.) Escort-the-Campaign Deputy Captain (Junior Ninth Rank.)
161
右文散官階上經恩加一階，郎階上京朝官加五階，選人加一階，武散官冠軍大將軍、使相、節度使起復，改授遊擊將軍，雖中書主事、諸司吏人加授，亦無累加法，餘不常授。 已上文武三品已上服紫，五品已上服緋，九品已上服綠。
On the civil prestige-rank tier, grace promotions added one step; on the Gentleman tier, capital and court officials received five steps and selection candidates one. Among military prestige titles, Champion Great General, commissioners-with-wafer, and military commissioners returning to service were reassigned to Roaming Strike General. Even Central Secretariat clerks and agency clerks who received such appointments had no cumulative-addition method; the rest were not routinely granted. Civil and military officials of third rank and above wore purple; fifth rank and above wore scarlet; ninth rank and above wore green.
162
《元豐寄祿格》以階易官，雜取唐及國朝舊制，自開府儀同三司至將仕郎，定為二十四階，崇寧初，因刑部尚書鄧洵武請，又換選人七階。 大觀初又增宣奉、正奉、中奉、奉直等階。 政和末，又改從政、修職、迪功，而寄祿之格始備。 自開府至迪功凡三十七階。
The Yuanfeng Salary-Grade Register replaced substantive posts with rank grades, drawing on Tang and our dynasty's earlier systems. From Actuating Grandee Secretary Paralleling the Three Excellencies through Gentleman Awaiting Office it fixed twenty-four grades; at the beginning of Chongning, at Minister of Justice Deng Xunwu's request, seven grades for selection candidates were exchanged as well. At the beginning of Daguan, Proclaimed Tribute, Flourishing Tribute, Central Tribute, and Upright Tribute grades were added. At the end of Zhenghe, Following Governance, Cultivated Office, and Advancing Merit were renamed again, completing the salary-grade table. From Actuating Grandee through Advancing Merit, thirty-seven grades in all.
163
新官舊官
New Title / Old Title
164
開府儀同三司使相謂節度使兼侍中、中書令、或同平章事特進左、右仆射金紫光祿大夫吏部尚書
Actuating Grandee Secretary Paralleling the Three Excellencies: commissioner-with-wafer means military commissioner concurrent Attendant, Grand Councilor, or associate grand councilor; Special Grandee; Left and Right Vice Directors; Grandee of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon; Minister of Personnel.
165
銀青光祿大夫五曹尚書光祿大夫左、右丞宣奉大夫 〈（大觀新置。）〉 正奉大夫 〈（大觀新置。）〉
Silver-Gleam Grandee of Splendid Happiness; Five-Department Directors; Grandee of Splendid Happiness; Left and Right Vice Directors; Grandee of Proclaimed Tribute. (Newly established in Daguan.) Grandee of Flourishing Tribute (Newly established in Daguan.)
166
正議大夫六曹侍郎通奉大夫 〈（大觀新置。）〉 通議大夫給事中太中大夫右、右諫議大夫
Grandee of Correct Discussion; Six-Department Vice Directors; Grandee of Penetrating Tribute. (Newly established in Daguan.) Grandee of Penetrating Discussion; Attendant-in-Waiting within the Secretariat; Grandee of the Palace; Left and Right Remonstrance Masters.
167
中大夫秘書監中奉大夫 〈（大觀新置。）〉 中散大夫光祿卿至少府監朝議大夫太常卿、少卿，左、右司郎中
Court Grandee; Director of the Secretariat; Grandee of Central Tribute. (Newly established in Daguan.) Grandee Who Scatters the Court; Director of Splendid Happiness through Vice Director of the Palace Workshop; Grandee of Court Discussion; Director of the Imperial Ancestral Temple and Vice Directors; Left and Right Bureau Directors within the Secretariat.
168
奉直大夫 〈（大觀新置。）〉 朝請大夫前行郎中朝散大夫中行郎中朝奉大夫後行郎中
Grandee of Upright Tribute (Newly established in Daguan.) Grandee of Court Petition; before-rank Bureau Director; Grandee Who Scatters from Court; middle-rank Bureau Director; Grandee of Court Tribute; after-rank Bureau Director.
169
朝請郎前行員外郎，侍御史朝散郎中行員外郎，起居舍人朝奉郎後行員外郎，左、右司諫
Court Petition Gentleman; before-rank Bureau Vice Director, Attending Censor; Court Scattered Gentleman; middle-rank Bureau Vice Director, Palace Secretariat Recorder; Court Tribute Gentleman; after-rank Bureau Vice Director, Left and Right Bureau Remonstrance Officers.
170
承議郎左、右正言，太常、國子博士奉議郎太常、秘書、殿中丞，著作郎通直郎太子中允、讚善大夫、洗馬
Gentleman Who Upholds Discussion; Left and Right Palace Remonstrance Officers, Academician of the Imperial and National Universities; Gentleman of Court Discussion; Academicians of the Imperial Ancestral Temple, Secretariat, and Palace Affairs Directorates, Editor of Writings; Gentleman of Penetrating Integrity; Crown Prince Principal Validator, Mentor of Princes, and Groom-in-Waiting.
171
宣教郎著作佐郎，大理寺丞 〈（元豐本“宣德”，政和避宣德門改。）〉 宣義郎光祿衛尉寺、將作監丞
Gentleman of Instruction and Proclamation; Assistant Editor of Writings, Vice Director of the Court of Judicial Review. (Originally "Acclaimed Virtue" in Yuanfeng; changed in Zhenghe to avoid the Acclaimed Virtue Gate.) Gentleman of Proclaimed Righteousness; Vice Directors of the Directorate of Splendid Happiness, Guards of the Emperor, and Palace Workshop.
172
承事郎大理評事承奉郎太祝，奉禮郎承務郎校書郎，正字，將作監主簿承直郎留守、節察判官
Gentleman Who Upholds Affairs; Reviewer of the Court of Judicial Review; Gentleman Who Upholds Tribute; Grand Sacrificer and Gentleman of Court Rites; Gentleman Who Upholds Duties; Archivist and Proofreader, Master of Records of the Palace Workshop; Gentleman Who Upholds Integrity; military commissioner and circuit-intendant judge.
173
儒林郎節察掌書記、支使，防、團判官文林郎留守、節察推官，軍、監判官從事郎 〈（承直至此四階，並崇寧初換。）〉 防、團推官，監判官
Confucian Forest Gentleman; circuit-intendant secretarial aide and adjutant, defense and regimentation judge; Forest-of-Letters Gentleman; military commissioner adjutant, army and surveillance judge; Gentleman Attendant. (From Upholds Integrity through these four grades, all exchanged at the beginning of Chongning.) Defense and regimentation adjutant, surveillance judge.
174
從政郎崇 〈（崇寧通仕，政和再換。）〉 錄事參軍，縣令修職郎 〈（崇寧登仕，政和再換。）〉 知錄事參軍，知縣令
Following-Governance Gentleman (Originally General Office-Service Gentleman in Chongning; exchanged again in Zhenghe.) Recorder of a Commandery, magistrate; Cultivated-Office Gentleman. (Originally Enters Office in Chongning; exchanged again in Zhenghe.) Recorder-Administrator of a Commandery, acting magistrate.
175
迪功郎 〈（崇寧將仕，政和再換。）〉 軍巡判官，司理，司法，司戶，主簿、尉
Advancing-Merit Gentleman (Originally Awaiting Office in Chongning; exchanged again in Zhenghe.) Circuit patrol judge; judicial, legal, household, chief recorder, and district captain posts.
176
國朝武選，自內客省至閤門使、副為橫班，自皇城至供備庫使為諸司正使，副為諸司副使，自內殿承製至三班借職為使臣，元豐未及更，政和二年，乃詔易以新名，正使為大夫，副使為郎，橫班十二階使、副亦然。 六年，及增置宣正、履正、協忠、翊衛、親衛大夫郎，凡十階，通為橫班。 自太尉至下班祗應，凡五十二階。
For the dynasty's military selection stream, Inner Guest Reception through Palace Gate commissioner and deputies formed the Horizontal Rank; Imperial City through Supply and Reserve commissioner formed bureau chiefs, with deputies as bureau deputy commissioners; Inner Hall Artisan through third-rank borrowed office formed envoys. Yuanfeng had not yet changed this; in Zhenghe 2 an edict replaced the old names—chiefs became Grandees, deputies Gentlemen, and the twelve Horizontal Rank chief and deputy grades likewise. In the sixth year, Proclaim Upright, Tread Upright, Assist Loyalty, Assist Guard, and Honored Guard Grandees and Gentlemen were added—ten grades in all, all counted in the Horizontal Rank. From Grand Marshal through Off-Duty Palace Attendant, fifty-two grades in all.
177
新官舊官太尉 〈（政和新置，以太尉本秦之主兵官、遂定為武階之首。）〉 通侍大夫內客省使正侍大夫延福宮使
New Title / Old Title / Grand Marshal (Newly established in Zhenghe; because Grand Marshal was originally the Qin office that managed troops, it was fixed as head of the military grades.) Palace Companion Grandee; Inner Guest Reception commissioner; Principal Attendant Grandee; Yanfu Palace commissioner.
178
宣正大夫履正大夫協忠大夫 〈（並政和新置。）〉 中侍大夫景福殿使中亮大夫客省使
Proclaim Upright Grandee; Tread Upright Grandee; Assist Loyalty Grandee. (All newly established in Zhenghe.) Central Attendant Grandee; Jingfu Hall commissioner; Central Glory Grandee; Guest Reception commissioner.
179
中衛大夫引進使翊衛大夫親衛大夫拱衛大夫 〈（並政和增置。）〉
Central Guard Grandee; Introduction commissioner; Assist Guard Grandee; Honored Guard Grandee; Imperial Guard Grandee. (All added in Zhenghe.)
180
左武大夫東上閤門使右武大夫西上閤門使正侍郎宣正郎
Left Martial Grandee; Eastern Upper Palace Gate chief commissioner; Right Martial Grandee; Western Upper Palace Gate chief commissioner; Principal Attendant Gentleman; Proclaim Upright Gentleman.
181
履正郎協忠郎中侍郎 〈（並政和增置。）〉 中亮郎客省副使
Tread Upright Gentleman; Assist Loyalty Gentleman; Central Attendant Gentleman. (All added in Zhenghe.) Central Glory Gentleman; Guest Reception deputy commissioner.
182
中衛郎引進副使翊衛郎拱衛郎 〈（並政和增置。）〉 左武郎東上閤門副使
Central Guard Gentleman; Introduction deputy commissioner; Assist Guard Gentleman; Imperial Guard Gentleman. (All added in Zhenghe.) Left Martial Gentleman; Eastern Upper Palace Gate deputy commissioner.
183
右武郎西上閤門副使武功大夫皇城使武顯大夫宮苑、左右騏驥、內藏庫使武顯大夫左藏庫、東西作坊使
Right Martial Gentleman; Western Upper Palace Gate deputy commissioner; Martial Achievement Grandee; Imperial City commissioner; Martial Display Grandee; Park of the Palace, Left and Right Imperial Stud, and Inner Treasury commissioners; Martial Display Grandee; Left Treasury and Eastern and Western Workshops commissioners.
184
武節大夫莊宅、六宅、文思使武略大夫內園、洛苑、如京、崇儀使武經大夫西京左藏庫使
Martial Integrity Grandee; Crown Estate, Six Residences, and Literary Thought commissioners; Martial Stratagem Grandee; Inner Park, Luoyang Park, Capital Reception, and Honored Rites commissioners; Martial Canon Grandee; Western Capital Left Treasury commissioner.
185
武義大夫西京作坊、東西染院、禮賓使武翼大夫供備庫使武功郎皇城副使武德郎宮苑、左右騏驥、內藏庫副使
Martial Righteousness Grandee; Western Capital Workshop, Eastern and Western Dyeing Courts, and Ceremonial Reception commissioners; Martial Wing Grandee; Supply and Reserve commissioner; Martial Achievement Gentleman; Imperial City deputy commissioner; Martial Virtue Gentleman; Park of the Palace, Left and Right Imperial Stud, and Inner Treasury deputy commissioners.
186
武德郎左藏庫、東西作坊副使武節郎莊宅、六宅、文思副使武略郎內園、洛苑、如京、崇儀副使
Martial Virtue Gentleman; Left Treasury and Eastern and Western Workshops deputy commissioners; Martial Integrity Gentleman; Crown Estate, Six Residences, and Literary Thought deputy commissioners; Martial Stratagem Gentleman; Inner Park, Luoyang Park, Capital Reception, and Honored Rites deputy commissioners.
187
武經郎西京左藏庫副使武義郎西京作坊、東西染院、禮賓副使。 武翼郎供備庫副使
Martial Canon Gentleman; Western Capital Left Treasury deputy commissioner; Martial Righteousness Gentleman; Western Capital Workshop, Eastern and Western Dyeing Courts, and Ceremonial Reception deputy commissioners. Martial Wing Gentleman; Supply and Reserve deputy commissioner.
188
敦武郎內殿承製修武郎內殿崇班從義郎東頭供奉官秉義郎西頭供奉官
Martial Solemnity Gentleman; Inner Hall Artisan; Martial Cultivation Gentleman; Inner Hall Honored Rank; Following Righteousness Gentleman; Eastern Head Palace Attendant; Upholding Righteousness Gentleman; Western Head Palace Attendant.
189
忠訓郎左侍禁忠翊郎右侍禁成忠郎左班殿直保義郎右班殿直
Loyal Instruction Gentleman; Left Attendant Forbidden; Loyal Assistant Gentleman; Right Attendant Forbidden; Established Loyalty Gentleman; Left Rank Palace Direct; Upholding Righteousness Gentleman; Right Rank Palace Direct.
190
承節郎三班奉職承信郎三班借職下班祗應殿侍
Upholds Integrity Gentleman; Third-Rank Service Officer; Upholds Trust Gentleman; Third-Rank Borrowed Office; Off-Duty Palace Attendant.
191
元豐官制定，有請並易內侍官名者，神宗曰：“祖宗為此名，有深意，豈可輕議？ ”政和二年，始遂改焉。 凡十有二階。 新官舊官
When the Yuanfeng official system was fixed, someone requested changing all inner-attendant titles together. Emperor Shenzong said: "Our ancestors gave these names with deep meaning—how can we discuss them lightly? In the second year of Zhenghe they were finally changed. Twelve grades in all. New Title / Old Title
192
供奉官內東頭供奉官左侍禁內西頭供奉官右侍禁殿頭左班殿直高品
Palace Attendant; Eastern Head Palace Attendant; Left Attendant Forbidden; Western Head Palace Attendant; Right Attendant Forbidden; Hall Head; Left Rank Palace Direct; High Grade.
193
右班殿直高班黃門黃門祗候侍禁祗候殿頭祗候殿直祗候高品
Right Rank Palace Direct; High Shift; Yellow Gate; Yellow Gate Attendant-in-Waiting; Attendant Forbidden Attendant-in-Waiting; Hall Head Attendant-in-Waiting; Palace Direct Attendant-in-Waiting; High Grade.
194
祗候黃門祗候高班內品內品祗候內品貼祗候內品 〈（已上三名仍舊不改。）〉
Attendant-in-Waiting; Yellow Gate Attendant-in-Waiting; High Shift; Inner Grade; Inner Grade Attendant-in-Waiting; Inner Grade Attached Attendant-in-Waiting; Inner Grade. (The three titles above were left unchanged.)
195
政和初，既易武階，遂改醫官之名，凡十有四階。 新官舊官和安、成和、成安、成全大夫軍器庫使保和大夫西綾錦使
Early in Zhenghe, after the military grades were changed, medical officer titles were renamed as well—fourteen grades in all. New Title / Old Title: Harmonious Peace, Accomplished Peace, Accomplished Tranquility, and Accomplished Fulfillment Grandees; Armory Store commissioner; Harmonious Preservation Grandee; Western Brocade Store commissioner.
196
保安大夫榷易使翰林良醫翰林醫官使和安、成和、成安、成全郎軍器庫副使保和郎西綾錦副使
Secure Preservation Grandee; Monopoly Trade commissioner; Hanlin Excellent Physician; Hanlin Medical Officer commissioner; Harmonious Peace, Accomplished Peace, Accomplished Tranquility, and Accomplished Fulfillment Gentlemen; Armory Store deputy commissioner; Harmonious Preservation Gentleman; Western Brocade Store deputy commissioner.
197
保安郎榷易副使翰林醫正翰林醫官副使
Secure Preservation Gentleman; Monopoly Trade deputy commissioner; Hanlin Medical Corrector; Hanlin Medical Officer deputy commissioner.
198
凡除職事官，以寄祿官品之高下為準：高一品已上為行，下一品為守，下二品已下為試，品同者否。 紹聖三年，戶部侍郎吳居厚言：“神宗官制，凡台、省、寺、監之製，有行、守、試三等之別。 元祐中，裁減冗費，而職事官帶行者第存虛名而已，請付有司講復舊制。 ”從之。 四年，翰林學士蔣之奇言：“所謂試，則非正官也。 今尚書、侍郎皆正官，而謂之試，失之矣。 如以其階卑，則謂之守可也。 臣請凡為正官者皆改試為守。 ”崇寧中，吏部授選人差遣，亦用資序高下分行、守、試三等。 政和三年，詔選人在京職事官，依品序帶行、守、試，其外任則否。 宣和以後，官高而仍舊職者謂之領，官卑而職高者謂之視，故有庶官視從官，從官視執政，執政視宰相。 凡道官亦視文階雲。
Whenever substantive offices were conferred, salary-rank grade set the standard: one grade higher was acting, one grade lower holding, two or more grades lower provisional; equal grades received none. In the third year of Shaosheng, Vice Minister of Revenue Wu Juhou memorialized: "In Emperor Shenzong's official system, regulations for the censorate, secretariat, courts, and directorates distinguished acting, holding, and provisional grades. During Yuanyou, redundant expenses were cut, and substantive officials with acting designations kept only empty titles; he asked that relevant offices be charged to restore the old system. The memorial was adopted. In the fourth year, Hanlin Academician Jiang Zhiqi said: "Provisional means not a regular substantive post. Directors and Vice Directors today are regular substantive posts, yet are called provisional—that is wrong. If their rank grades are lower, holding would suffice. I ask that all regular substantive posts have provisional changed to holding. During Chongning, when the Ministry of Personnel assigned selection candidates, it likewise applied acting, holding, and provisional grades by qualification sequence. In the third year of Zhenghe, an edict ordered capital substantive posts for selection candidates to bear acting, holding, or provisional designations by rank sequence; outer assignments did not. After Xuanhe, when rank was high but one kept the former substantive post it was superintending; when rank was low but substantive authority was high it was equivalent to. Hence common officials could be equivalent to attendants-in-waiting, attendants-in-waiting to councilors, and councilors to chief ministers. Daoist clerical officers likewise used civil rank grades as equivalent authority.
199
爵一十二
Enfeoffments: twelve
200
王嗣王郡王國公郡公開國公開國郡公開國縣公開國侯開國伯開國子開國男
King; Heir Prince; Prince of a Commandery; Duke of State; Commandery Duke; State-Founding Duke; State-Founding Commandery Duke; State-Founding County Duke; State-Founding Marquis; State-Founding Earl; State-Founding Viscount; State-Founding Baron
201
右封爵，皇子、兄弟封國，謂之親王。 親王之子承嫡者為嗣王，宗室近親承襲，特旨者封郡王，遇恩及宗室祖宗後承襲及特旨者封國公。 餘宗室近親並封郡公。 其開國公、侯、伯、子、男皆隨食邑：二千戶已上封公，一千戶已上封侯，七百戶已上封伯，五百戶已上封子，三百戶已上封男。 見任、前任宰相食邑、實封共萬戶。 〈（嗣王、開國郡公、縣公後不封。）〉
Above: enfeoffed titles. When imperial sons or brothers were enfeoffed with a state name, they were called Imperial Princes. An Imperial Prince's son who inherited the main line became Heir Prince; close imperial clansmen who inherited by descent might by special edict be enfeoffed Prince of a Commandery; on grace occasions, when descendants of imperial-clan ancestors inherited, or by special edict, one might be enfeoffed Duke of State. All other close imperial clansmen were enfeoffed Commandery Dukes. State-Founding Dukes, Marquises, Earls, Viscounts, and Barons followed fief households: two thousand households or more for duke; one thousand for marquis; seven hundred for earl; five hundred for viscount; three hundred for baron. Incumbent and former chief ministers together received ten thousand households in nominal and actual fief enfeoffment. (Heir Princes, State-Founding Commandery Dukes, and County Dukes were no longer enfeoffed thereafter.)
202
勳一十二
Orders of merit: twelve
203
上柱國柱國上護軍護軍上輕車都尉輕車都尉上騎都尉騎都尉驍騎尉飛騎尉雲騎尉武騎尉
Supreme Pillar of State, Pillar of State, Supreme Champion General, Champion General, Supreme Commandant of Light Chariots, Commandant of Light Chariots, Supreme Commandant of Cavalry, Commandant of Cavalry, Commandant of Valiant Cavalry, Commandant of Flying Cavalry, Commandant of Cloud Cavalry, Commandant of Martial Cavalry
204
右騎都尉已上，兩府並武臣正任已上經恩加兩轉，文武朝官加一轉。 武騎尉已上，京官加一轉，朝官雖未至驍騎尉，經恩亦便加騎都尉。 功臣
From Commandant of Cavalry upward, grace promotions gave the Two Departments and military officials in regular substantive posts two steps and civil and military court officials one. From Commandant of Martial Cavalry upward, capital officials received one step; court officials below Commandant of Valiant Cavalry were on grace promotion advanced directly to Commandant of Cavalry. Meritorious subjects
205
推忠佐理協謀同德守正亮節翊戴讚治崇仁保連經邦
Loyalty-Promoting, Governance-Assisting; Coordinated Strategizing, Shared Virtue; Upright Integrity, Illustrious Conduct; Aiding and Supporting; Praising Governance; Cherishing Humanity; Protecting and Connecting; Governing the State
206
右賜中書、樞密臣僚。 〈（宰相初加六字，餘官初加四字，其次並加兩字，舊有功臣者改賜。）〉 推忠保德翊戴守正亮節同德佐運崇仁協恭讚治宣德純誠
Above: bestowed on Secretariat and Bureau of Military Affairs officials. (Chief ministers at first received six characters, other officials four, then two more each time; those with former meritorious-subject titles were re-bestowed.) Loyalty-Promoting, Virtue-Protecting, Aiding and Supporting, Upright Integrity, Illustrious Conduct, Shared Virtue, Fortune-Assisting, Cherishing Humanity, Cooperative Respect, Praising Governance, Virtue-Proclaiming, Pure Sincerity
207
保節保順忠亮竭誠奉化效順順化右賜皇子、皇親、文武臣僚、外臣 〈（初加四字，次加兩字。）〉
Integrity-Protecting, Compliance-Protecting, Loyal Illustriousness, Exhausted Sincerity, Transformation-Offering, Effectiveness in Compliance, Compliance in Transformation. Above: bestowed on imperial sons, imperial kin, civil and military officials, and outer-circuit subjects. (At first four characters were added; thereafter two more.)
208
拱衛翊衛衛聖保順忠勇拱極護聖奉慶果毅肅衛右賜諸班直將士禁軍初加二字，再加亦如之。 檢校官一十九
Arching Guard, Aiding Guard, Sagely Guard, Compliance-Protecting, Loyal Courage, Arching Pole, Sagely Protection, Celebration-Offering, Resolute Fruit, Solemn Guard. Above: bestowed on shift officers and forbidden-army generals; at first two characters were added, and further bestowals followed the same rule. Acting appointments: nineteen
209
太師太尉太傅太保司徒
Grand Preceptor, Grand Commandant, Grand Tutor, Grand Guardian, Minister of Education
210
司空左仆射右仆射吏部尚書兵部尚書戶部尚書刑部尚書禮部尚書工部尚書左散騎常侍右散騎常侍太子賓客國子祭酒水部員外郎
Minister of Works, Left and Right Vice Directors, Directors of the Six Ministries, Left and Right Regular Cavalier Attendants, Mentor of the Heir Apparent, Chancellor of the National University, Vice Director of the Ministry of Revenue's Water Office
211
右皇子初授官加太尉，初授樞密使、使相及曾任宰相、樞密使除節度使加太傅，初除宣微、節度加太保。 宗室初除使相加尚書左仆射，特除並換授諸司使已上加工部尚書，諸司副使加右散騎常侍。 除通事舍人、內殿崇班已上，初授加太子賓客； 副率已上並三班及吏職、蕃官軍員，該恩加國子祭酒。 四廂都指揮使止於司徒，諸軍都指揮使、忠佐馬步都軍頭止於司空，軍班都虞候、忠佐副都軍頭已上止於左、右仆射，諸軍指揮使止於吏部尚書。 其官止，遇恩則或加階、爵、功臣。
Above: at first conferral, imperial sons received Grand Commandant; on first appointment as Military Affairs commissioner, commissioner-with-wafer, or as military commissioner after serving as chief minister or Military Affairs commissioner, Grand Tutor; on first appointment as palace commissioner or military commissioner, Grand Guardian. When imperial clansmen were first appointed military commissioners, Left Vice Director was added; on special appointment or exchange to directorate commissioners and above, Director of the Ministry of Works; directorate deputy commissioners received Right Regular Cavalier Attendant. For appointment as Communications Attaché, Inner Hall Honored Rank, and above, Mentor of the Heir Apparent was added at first conferral; Deputy Commandants and above, together with Third-Rank officers and clerical, fan-official, and army staff posts, on qualifying for grace received Chancellor of the National University. Four-Pavilion Commanders-in-Chief stopped at Minister of Education; army Commanders-in-Chief and Central Loyal Horse and Foot Deputy Chiefs at Minister of Works; army-shift Deputy Supervisors and Central Loyal Deputy Chiefs and above at Left and Right Vice Directors; army commanders at Director of Personnel. When acting appointments reached the ceiling, grace might add rank grades, enfeoffments, orders of merit, or meritorious-subject titles instead.
212
兼官四御史大夫侍御史殿中侍御史監察御史
Concurrent posts, four: Censor-in-Chief, Attending Censor, Palace Attending Censor, Investigating Censor
213
右通事舍人、內殿崇班已上，初除加兼御史大夫。 宗室副率已上，初授軍頭等，經恩加兼監察御史，餘經恩以次遷入。 試秩
Above: Communications Attachés, Inner Hall Honored Rank, and above received concurrent Censor-in-Chief on first appointment. Imperial clansmen of Deputy Commandant and above, on first appointment as army chiefs and the like, received concurrent Investigating Censor on grace; others advanced by grace in sequence. Probationary ranks
214
大理司直大理評事秘書省校書郎正字寺、監主簿助教
Dali Judicial Reviewer, Dali Reviewer, Secretariat Proofreader, Secretariat Collator, directorate and court registrar, assistant instructor
215
右幕職，初授則試秘書省校書郎，再任至兩使推官，則試大理評事。 掌書記、支使、防禦、團練判官則試大理司直、評事，又加則兼監察御史。 亦有解褐試大理評事、校書郎、正字、寺監主簿、助教者，謂之試銜。 有選集，同出身例。
Above, secretarial posts: first appointment brought probationary Secretariat Proofreader; a second term through military-commissioner or circuit-intendant trainee posts brought probationary Dali Reviewer. Secretarial aides, adjutants, and defense and regimentation judges received probationary Dali Judicial Reviewer or Reviewer; further advancement added concurrent Investigating Censor. Some also on leaving the robe received probationary Dali Reviewer, Proofreader, Collator, directorate or court registrar, or assistant instructor—called probationary rank titles. They had selection registers, on the same pattern as examination origin.
216
紹興以後階官
Rank titles after the Shaoxing era
217
元豐新製以階易官，定為二十四階。 崇寧、大觀、政和相繼潤色之。 紹興舉行元祐之法，分置左右：文臣為左，餘人為右。 浮熙初，因宗室善俊建言，階官並去“左”“右”字，今任子、雜流，惟紐轉通直郎、奉直、中散二大夫如故，若帶貼職，則超資。 自開府至迪功，序次於後。
The Yuanfeng new system replaced posts with rank grades, fixing twenty-four grades. Chongning, Daguan, and Zhenghe successively refined them. Shaoxing implemented the Yuanyou method, dividing them into left and right: civil officials on the left, all others on the right. Early in Chunxi, on imperial clansman Shan Jun's memorial, Left and Right were removed from rank titles; for present hereditary sons and miscellaneous flows, only regular advancement through Gentleman of Penetrating Integrity, Gentleman of Upright Tribute, and the two Grandees Who Scatter the Court remained; attached offices brought skipped grades. From Actuating Grandee Secretary Paralleling the Three Excellencies through Advancing Merit, the sequence follows below.
218
文階開府儀同三司特進金紫光祿大夫銀青光錄大夫
Civil grades: Actuating Grandee Secretary Paralleling the Three Excellencies; Special Grandee; Grandee of Splendid Happiness with Golden Seal and Purple Ribbon; Silver-Gleam Grandee of Splendid Happiness
219
光祿大夫宣奉大夫 〈（大觀新置）〉 正奉大夫正議大夫通奉大夫 〈（大觀新置。）〉 通議大夫
Grandee of Splendid Happiness; Grandee of Proclaimed Tribute (Newly established in Daguan) Grandee of Flourishing Tribute, Grandee of Correct Discussion, Grandee of Penetrating Tribute (Newly established in Daguan.) Grandee of Penetrating Discussion
220
太中大夫 〈（以上舊為侍從官）〉 中大夫中奉大夫 〈（大觀新置）〉 中散大夫朝議大夫 〈（以上係卿、監。）〉 奉直大夫 〈（大觀新置。）〉
Grandee of the Palace (Above were formerly attendants-in-waiting posts.) Court Grandee; Grandee of Central Tribute (Newly established in Daguan) Grandee Who Scatters the Court; Grandee of Court Discussion (Above correspond to court and directorate posts.) Gentleman of Upright Tribute (Newly established in Daguan.)
221
朝請大夫朝散大夫朝奉大夫 〈（以上係正郎。）〉 朝請郎
Grandee of Court Petition, Grandee Who Scatters from Court, Grandee of Court Tribute (Above correspond to director posts.) Court Petition Gentleman
222
朝散郎朝奉郎 〈（以上係員外郎。）〉 承議郎奉議郎通直郎宣教郎
Court Scattered Gentleman; Court Tribute Gentleman (Above correspond to vice-director posts.) Gentleman Who Upholds Discussion; Gentleman of Court Discussion; Gentleman of Penetrating Integrity; Gentleman of Instruction and Proclamation
223
宣義郎承事郎承奉郎承務郎 〈（以上係京官。）〉
Gentleman of Proclaimed Righteousness; Gentleman Who Upholds Affairs; Gentleman Who Upholds Tribute; Gentleman Who Upholds Duties (Above correspond to capital official posts.)
224
右四年一轉，無出身人逐資轉，有出身人超資轉，至奉議並逐資轉，至朝議大夫有止法，仍七年一轉。 內奉直、中散二大夫有出身人不轉。 承直郎儒林郎
Above: promotion every four years; men without examination origin advanced grade by grade; men with examination origin skipped grades; through Gentleman of Court Discussion, grade by grade; from Grandee of Court Discussion upward there was a ceiling, still one step every seven years. Men with examination origin did not advance through the Grandee of Upright Tribute or the Grandee Who Scatters the Court. Gentleman Who Upholds Integrity; Confucian Forest Gentleman
225
文林郎從事郎 〈（以上崇寧新置。）〉 從政郎修職郎迪功郎 〈（以上政和更定，並係選人用舉狀及功賞改官。）〉 通仕郎
Forest-of-Letters Gentleman; Gentleman Attendant (The above were newly established in the Chongning era.) Gentlemen Who Follow Governance, Cultivate Office, and Advance Merit (The above were revised under Zhenghe and applied to selectees advancing by recommendation and merit rewards.) Gentleman of Universal Service
226
登仕郎將仕郎 〈（以上係奏補未出身官人。）〉 武階
Gentlemen Who Ascend to Office and Await Office (The above applied to officials without examination origin appointed by memorial.) Military rank titles
227
武階舊有橫行正使、橫行副使，有諸司正使、諸司副使，有使臣。 政和易以新名，正使為大夫，副使為郎，橫行正、副亦然，於是有郎居大夫之上。 至紹興，始厘正其序。
Formerly military ranks included Horizontal-Rank chiefs and deputies, directorate chiefs and deputies, and envoys. Zhenghe adopted new names: chief envoys became Grandees and deputies became Gentlemen, including the Horizontal-Rank posts—so Gentlemen could rank above Grandees. Only under Shaoxing was their order corrected.
228
太尉通侍大夫正侍大夫
Grand Commandant; Grandees of Universal and Regular Attendance
229
宣正大夫 〈（政和新置。）〉 履正大夫 〈（政和新置。）〉 協忠大夫 〈（政和新置。）〉 中侍大夫中亮大夫中衛大夫
Grandee Who Proclaims Rectitude (Newly established under Zhenghe.) Grandee Who Treads in Rectitude (Newly established under Zhenghe.) Grandee Who Assists in Loyalty (Newly established under Zhenghe.) Grandees of Central Attendance, Central Brightness, and Central Guard
230
翊衛大夫親衛大夫拱衛大夫 〈（自翊衛至此，並政和新置。）〉 左武大夫右武大夫 〈（以上為橫行十三階。）〉
Grandees Who Assist, Direct, and Bow the Guard (From Assists the Guard onward, all were newly established under Zhenghe.) Left and Right Martial Grandees (The above are the thirteen Horizontal-Rank grades.)
231
右並政和新置。 內通侍大夫舊為內客省使，國朝未嚐除人，自易武階，不遷通侍沿初意也。 轉至中侍，無磨勘，特旨除。 武功大夫武德大夫
All of the above were newly established under Zhenghe. Grandee of Inner Universal Attendance had been commissioner of the Inner Guests Bureau, a post the dynasty never filled; after the military-rank reform, bypassing Universal Attendance preserved the original intent. Promotion to Central Attendance bypassed merit review and required a special edict. Grandees of Martial Merit and Martial Virtue
232
武顯大夫武節大夫武略大夫武經大夫
Grandees of Martial Distinction, Integrity, Strategy, and Classics
233
武義大夫武翼大夫 〈（以上係舊諸司正使，八階。）〉 正侍郎宣正郎履正郎協忠郎
Grandees of Martial Righteousness and Martial Wings (The above are the former eight directorate chief-envoy ranks.) Gentlemen of Regular Attendance, Proclaiming Rectitude, Treading in Rectitude, and Assisting in Loyalty
234
中侍郎 〈（自正侍至此，並政和新置。）〉 中亮郎中衛郎翊衛郎
Gentleman of Central Attendance (From Regular Attendance onward, all were newly established under Zhenghe.) Gentlemen of Central Brightness, the Guard, and Assisting the Guard
235
親衛郎拱衛郎 〈（自翊衛至此，並政和新置。）〉
Gentlemen of the Imperial Guard and Who Bow the Guard (From Assists the Guard onward, all were newly established under Zhenghe.)
236
左武郎右武郎 〈（以上，舊為橫行副使，政和更新，增益共十二階。）〉
Left and Right Martial Gentlemen (The above were formerly Horizontal-Rank deputies; Zhenghe revised them to twelve grades in all.)
237
右自正侍至右武，舊在右武大夫之下，武功大夫之上，今從紹興厘正書。 武功郎武德郎武顯郎武節郎
From Regular Attendance through Right Martial, these posts once stood between Right Martial Grandee and Martial Merit Grandee; the present order follows the Shaoxing correction. Gentlemen of Martial Merit, Virtue, Distinction, and Integrity
238
武略郎武經郎
Gentlemen of Martial Strategy and Martial Classics
239
武義郎武翼郎 〈（以上舊諸司副使，八階。）〉 訓武郎修武郎 〈（以上為大使臣。）〉 從義郎秉節郎
Gentlemen of Martial Righteousness and Martial Wings (The above are the former eight directorate deputy-envoy ranks.) Gentlemen Who Instruct and Cultivate Martial Affairs (The above are great envoys.) Gentlemen Who Follow Righteousness and Uphold Integrity
240
忠訓郎忠翊郎成忠郎保義郎承節郎承信郎 〈（以上為小使臣。）〉
Gentlemen of Loyal Instruction, Assisting Loyalty, Completing Loyalty, Preserving Righteousness, Receiving Integrity, and Receiving Trust (The above are minor envoys.)
241
右並五年一轉，至武功大夫，有止法。 進武校尉進義校尉下班祗應進武副尉進義副尉守闕進義副尉
All of the above advanced every five years up to Martial Merit Grandee, where promotion stopped by rule. Captains Advancing in Martial Affairs and Righteousness; Lower-Duty Attendant; deputy captains advancing in martial affairs and righteousness; and awaiting-quota deputy captain of righteousness
242
進勇副尉守闕進勇副尉 〈（以上無品，二校尉參
Deputy captains advancing in courage, including awaiting-quota duty (The above had no rank grade; the two captain ranks reported to
243
吏部，下班參兵部，以下並參刑部。）〉 內侍官十二階，並政和舊制。
the Ministry of Personnel; Lower-Duty Attendants to the Ministry of War; and all below to the Ministry of Justice.) The twelve inner-attendant ranks all followed the old Zhenghe system.
244
醫官政和既易武階，而醫官亦更定焉，紹興因之，特損其額。 舊額和安大夫至良醫二十員，紹興置五員； 和安郎至醫官三十員，置四員； 醫效十員，置二員； 醫痊十員，置一員； 醫愈至祗候、大方脈一百五十員，置十五員。
When Zhenghe reformed military ranks, medical offices were revised too; Shaoxing kept the system but sharply cut quotas. Formerly twenty posts ran from Grandee of Harmonious Peace to Excellent Physician; Shaoxing allowed five; thirty posts from Gentleman of Harmonious Peace to Medical Officer were cut to four; ten Medical Efficacy posts were cut to two; ten Medical Healing posts were cut to one; one hundred fifty posts from Medical Recovery through Attendant and Great Pulse Specialist were cut to fifteen.
245
和安、成和、成安、成全大夫保和大夫保安大夫翰林良醫和安、成和、成安、成全郎保和郎保安郎
Grandees of Harmonious Peace, Accomplished Harmony, Accomplished Peace, and Accomplished Completion; Preserved Harmony and Preserved Peace; Hanlin Excellent Physician; and the corresponding gentlemen of harmonious peace, accomplished harmony, accomplished peace, accomplished completion, preserved harmony, and preserved peace
246
翰林醫正翰林醫官翰林醫效翰林醫痊翰林醫愈翰林醫證翰林醫診翰林醫候
Hanlin Medical Rectifier, Medical Officer, Medical Efficacy, Medical Healing, Medical Recovery, Medical Certification, Medical Diagnosis, and Medical Observation
247
翰林醫學
Hanlin Medical Scholar
248
右醫正而止，十四階，並政和製，餘續增焉。
The list ends at Medical Rectifier: fourteen Zhenghe ranks in all, with further titles added later.