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忠義五
Loyalty and Righteousness, Part Five
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陳元桂張順 〈（張貴）〉 範天順牛富邊居誼陳炤 〈（王安節）〉 尹玉李芾尹穀 〈（楊霆）〉 趙卯發唐震趙與檡 〈（趙孟錦）〉 趙淮
Chen Yuangui, Zhang Shun The compiler's note names Zhang Gui and ends the interpolated heading.〉 Fan Tianshun, Niu Fu, Bian Juyi, Chen Zhao The compiler's note names Wang Anjie and ends the interpolated heading.〉 Yin Yu, Li Fei, Yin Gu The compiler's note names Yang Ting and ends the interpolated heading.〉 Zhao Maofa, Tang Zhen, Zhao Yushi The compiler's note names Zhao Mengjin and ends the interpolated heading.〉 Zhao Huai
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初，親戚有勸其移治者，元桂曰：“子亦為浮議所搖耶？ 時事如此，與其死於饑饉，死於疾病，死於盜賊，孰若死於守土之為光明俊偉哉？ ”家人或請登舟，不許，且戒之曰：“守臣家屬豈可先動，以搖民心。 ”敏子以聞，贈寶章閣待制，賜緡錢十萬，與一子京官、一子選人恩澤，立廟北門，諡曰正節。
Earlier, kinsmen had urged him to move his seat of government elsewhere. Yuangui said, "Are you swayed by loose talk as well? These are the times we live in. Better to die holding this post than to die of famine, sickness, or bandits — what death could be brighter or more worthy? " When his family asked to board boats and flee, he refused and warned them, "How can a defending official's household leave first and unsettle the people? " Minzi reported his death to court. Yuangui was posthumously appointed Baozhangge Attendant-in-Waiting, granted one hundred thousand strings of cash, one son received a capital-office appointment and another selector's preferment, a shrine was raised at the north gate, and he was given the posthumous title Upright Integrity.
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張順，民兵部將也。 襄陽受圍五年，宋闖知其西北一水曰清泥河，源於均、房，即其地造輕舟百艘，以三舟聯為一舫，中一舟裝載，左右舟則虛其底而掩覆之。 出重賞募死士，得三千。 求將，得順與張貴，俗呼順曰“矮張”，貴曰“竹園張”，俱智勇，素為諸將所服，俾為都統。 出令曰：“此行有死而已，汝輩或非本心，宜亟去，毋敗吾事。 ”人人感奮。
Zhang Shun served as a deputy commander in the militia bureau. After Xiangyang had been under siege for five years, the Song discovered a waterway to the northwest called the Qingni River, rising in Jun and Fang. There they built a hundred light vessels, joining three into one flotilla — the center boat laden, the flanking boats hollowed beneath and decked over. Heavy rewards were posted to recruit men ready to die; three thousand answered. When leaders were sought, Shun and Zhang Gui were chosen. Folk called Shun "Short Zhang" and Gui "Bamboo Garden Zhang." Both were clever and daring, long trusted by the other commanders, and were appointed joint commanders-in-chief. They proclaimed, "This voyage ends only in death. If any among you lack true resolve, leave now — do not ruin what we mean to do. " Every man was stirred to fervor.
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漢水方生，發舟百艘，稍進團山下。 越二日，進高頭港口，結方陳，各船置火槍、火炮、熾炭、巨斧、勁弩。 夜漏下三刻，起矴出江，以紅燈為識。 貴先登，順殿之，乘風破浪，徑犯重圍。 至磨洪灘以上，北軍舟師布滿江麵，無隙可入。 眾乘銳凡斷鐵縆攢杙數百，轉戰百二十里，黎明抵襄城下。 城中久絕援，聞救至，踴躍氣百倍。 及收軍，獨失順。 越數日，有浮屍溯流而上，被介胄，執弓矢，直抵浮梁，視之順也，身中四槍六箭，怒氣勃勃如生。 諸軍驚以為神，結塚斂葬，立廟祀之。
As the Han swelled, the hundred boats set out and edged forward to the foot of Tuan Mountain. Two days later they reached Gaotou Harbor, drew up in square formation, and armed each vessel with fire-lances, cannon, hot coals, heavy axes, and strong crossbows. In the third quarter of the night watch they weighed anchor and entered the river, red lanterns serving as their signals. Gui took the lead and Shun closed the rear. They rode wind and broke waves, driving straight into the thick of the blockade. Above Mohong Shoals the northern fleet covered the river, leaving no opening. Riding their momentum, they severed hundreds of iron cables and clustered stakes, fought a hundred and twenty li, and at dawn reached the walls of Xiangyang. The city had long gone without relief. When word of rescue came, men leapt for joy and their spirit swelled a hundredfold. When the force withdrew, Shun alone was lost. Days later a body floated upstream in armor, bow in hand, drifting straight to the pontoon bridge. It was Shun — four spear wounds, six arrow wounds — yet his wrathful bearing still blazed as though he lived. The troops marveled, deeming him divine. They raised a mound, buried him with honor, and founded a shrine in his name.
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張貴既抵襄，襄帥呂文煥力留共守。 貴恃其驍勇，欲還郢，乃募二士能伏水中數日不食，使持蠟書赴郢求援。 北兵增守益密，水路連鎖數十里，列撒星樁，雖魚蝦不得度。 二人遇樁即鋸斷之，竟達郢，還報，許發兵五千駐龍尾洲以助夾擊。
Once Zhang Gui reached Xiangyang, its commander Lü Wenhuan pressed him to remain and defend the city together. Confident in his daring, Gui wished to return to Ying. He recruited two men who could stay underwater for days without food and sent them with wax-sealed dispatches to Ying to beg for reinforcements. The northern forces tightened their blockade. The waterway was chained for tens of li, studded with stake barriers so dense that not even fish could pass. The pair sawed through every stake they met, reached Ying at last, and returned with word that five thousand troops would be posted at Longwei Shoal for a joint strike.
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刻日既定，乃別文煥東下，點視所部軍，洎登舟，帳前一人亡去，乃有過被撻者。 貴驚曰：“吾事泄矣，亟行，彼或未及知。 ”復不能銜枚隱跡，乃舉炮鼓噪發舟，乘夜順流斷縆破圍冒進，眾皆辟易。 既出險地，夜半天黑，至小新城，大兵邀擊，以死拒戰。 沿岸束荻列炬，火光燭天如白晝。 至勾林灘，漸近龍尾洲，遙望軍船旗幟紛披，貴軍喜躍，舉流星火示之。 軍船見火即前迎，及勢近欲合，則來舟皆北兵也。 蓋郢兵前二日以風水驚疑，退屯三十里，而大兵得逃卒之報，據龍尾洲以逸待勞。 貴戰已困，出於不意，殺傷殆盡，身被數十槍，力不支見執，卒不屈，死之。 乃命降卒四人舁屍至襄，令於城下曰：“識矮張乎？ 此是也。 ”守陴者皆哭，城中喪氣。 文煥斬四卒，以貴祔葬順塚，立雙廟祀之。
With the day set, he bade Wenhuan farewell and sailed east to muster his men. As he boarded, a man from before his tent vanished — one recently flogged for a fault. Gui cried in alarm, "Our plan is out. Sail now — they may not yet know. " Yet silence was impossible. Cannon thundered and drums roared as the fleet launched. Under cover of night they ran downstream, cutting cables and smashing through the blockade; all who met them gave way. Clear of the narrows at midnight in utter dark, they reached Little New City, where the main force intercepted them. They fought to the death. Reed bundles lined the banks, torches blazing until the sky shone white as noon. At Goulin Shoal, nearing Longwei Shoal, they sighted distant warships with banners flying. Gui's men leapt for joy and raised signal fires. The fleet saw the signal and came to meet them — but as they closed to join, every approaching vessel was northern. Two days earlier Ying's troops, unnerved by wind and current, had fallen back thirty li, while the main force, warned by the deserter, held Longwei Shoal and waited fresh for their weary enemy. Gui's men were already spent. Caught off guard, they were nearly annihilated. He took dozens of wounds, collapsed, and was taken — yet would not yield and died. Four surrendered soldiers were ordered to carry his body to Xiangyang and call beneath the wall, "Do you know Short Zhang? Here he is. " Men on the walls wept, and the city's spirit broke. Wenhuan executed the four soldiers, buried Gui beside Shun's tomb, and raised twin shrines to both.
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範天順，荊湖都統也。 襄陽受圍，天順日夕守戰尤力。 及呂文煥出降，天順仰天歎曰：“生為宋臣，死當為宋鬼。 ”即所守處縊死。 贈定江軍承宣使，製曰：“賀蘭擁兵，坐視睢陽之失； 李陵失節，重為隴士之羞。 今有人焉，得其死所，可無褒恤，以示寵綏？ 範天順功烈雖卑，忠義莫奪，自均、房泛舟之役克濟於艱，而襄、樊坐甲之師益堅所守。 俄州刺史為降將軍，爾乃不屈自經，可謂見危致命。 ”封其妻宜人，官其二子，仍賜白金五百兩，田五百畝。
Fan Tianshun was the Jinghu regional commander-in-chief. During the siege of Xiangyang, Tianshun fought at the walls day and night with exceptional zeal. When Lü Wenhuan surrendered, Tianshun looked skyward and sighed, "Alive I served the Song; dead I shall be a Song ghost. " He hanged himself on the spot he had held. He was posthumously made Military Commissioner of the Dingjiang Army. The edict read, "Helan held his army yet watched Suiyang fall; Li Ling broke faith and brought fresh shame on the men of Longxi. Now here is one who found his proper death — shall we not honor and comfort him to show imperial favor? Fan Tianshun's deeds were modest, yet his loyalty was unshakable. From the boat mission out of Jun and Fang he prevailed through hardship, and the garrisons at Xiangyang and Fancheng held all the firmer. When the Ezhou prefect became a surrendered general, he refused to yield and hanged himself — truly meeting danger and giving his life. " His wife was enfeoffed as Lady Yiren, both sons received offices, and five hundred taels of silver and five hundred mu of land were granted besides.
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牛富，霍丘人。 製置司遊擊砦兵籍。 勇而知義。 為侍衛馬軍司統製。 戍襄陽五年，移守樊城，累戰不為衄，且數射書襄陽城中遺呂文煥，相與固守為唇齒。 兩城凡六年不拔，富力居多。 城破，富率死士百人巷戰，死傷不可計，渴飲血水。 轉戰前，遇民居燒絕街道，身被重傷，以頭觸柱赴火死。 贈靜江軍節度使，諡忠烈，賜廟建康。
Niu Fu came from Huoqiu. He served on the roster of the Pacification Commission's raiding camp. Brave and mindful of duty. He rose to controller of the Palace Guard Horse Army. He garrisoned Xiangyang five years, then shifted to Fancheng. Battle after battle he held his ground, and repeatedly shot messages into Xiangyang to Lü Wenhuan so the two cities stood firm together like lips and teeth. For six years neither city fell — Fu's strength bore much of the credit. When the city fell, Fu led a hundred die-hards into the alleys. Casualties were beyond counting; parched, they drank bloody water. Fighting forward through streets burned bare, he took grave wounds, dashed his head against a pillar, and threw himself into the flames. He was posthumously made Military Governor of the Jingjiang Army, titled Loyal and Fierce, and granted a shrine at Jiankang.
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裨將王福見富死，歎曰：“將軍死國事，吾豈宜獨生！ ”亦赴火死。
Deputy commander Wang Fu, seeing Fu die, sighed, "Our general died for the realm — how can I live on alone? " He too cast himself into the fire and died.
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邊居誼，隨人也。 初事李庭芝，積戰功至都統製。 鹹淳十年，以京湖製置帳前都統守新城。 居誼善禦下，得士心，凡戰守之具，治之皆有法。
Bian Juyi came from Sui prefecture. He first served under Li Tingzhi and, through accumulated battle honors, rose to overall controller. In the tenth year of Xianchun (1274) he was appointed front headquarters overall commander under the Jing-Hu Pacification Commission to defend New City. Juyi governed his men well and won their hearts. Every implement of war and defense he ordered by sound method.
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大兵至沙陽，守將王大用不降，麾兵攻城，破之，執大用。 呂文煥至新城，意其小壘可不攻而破，居誼率舟師拒之，文煥列沙陽所斬首招降，不從。 明日，縛大用至壁下，使呼曰：“邊都統急降，不然禍即至矣。 ”居誼不答。 又射榜檄入壁中，居誼曰：“吾欲與呂參政語耳。 ”文煥聞之，以為居誼降己也，馳馬至，伏弩亂發，中文煥者三，並中其馬，馬仆，幾鉤得之，眾挾文煥以他馬奔走。 越二日，總製黃順挾一人開東門走出降。 明日，使順來招之，居誼曰：“若欲得新城邪？ 吾誓以死守此，何可得也。 ”順又呼其部曲，部曲欲縋城出，居誼悉驅以入，當門斬之。 文煥乃麾兵攻城，以火具卻之，旋蟻附而上。 居誼乃取其家金盡散將士，往來督戰。 會暮，破侵漢樓，樓火延毀民居，居誼度力不支，走還第，拔劍自殺，不殊，赴火死。 丞相伯顏壯其勇，購得其屍燼中，觀之。 事聞，贈利州觀察使，立廟死所。
When the main force reached Shayang, defender Wang Dayong refused to yield. They stormed the city, took it, and seized Dayong. Lü Wenhuan reached New City expecting the small fort to fall without a fight. Juyi led the river fleet against him. Wenhuan paraded heads taken at Shayang to demand surrender; Juyi refused. Next day they bound Dayong beneath the wall and made him shout, "Commander Bian, surrender now or ruin is upon you. " Juyi made no reply. They shot proclamations over the wall. Juyi said, "I only wish to speak with Vice-Commissioner Lü. " Wenhuan heard this and thought Juyi meant to yield. He galloped up; hidden crossbows loosed in a volley. Wenhuan took three bolts, his horse several more. The horse fell; grappling hooks nearly took him, but his men dragged him onto another mount and fled. Two days later overall controller Huang Shun opened the east gate with a companion and went out to surrender. Next day they sent Shun to parley. Juyi said, "You want New City? I have sworn to hold it to the death — you shall not have it. " Shun called to his officers. Some tried to lower themselves over the wall to flee. Juyi drove them back in and beheaded them at the gate. Wenhuan ordered the assault. Fire weapons beat them back briefly, then they swarmed the walls like ants. Juyi took his family's gold, gave it all to the troops, and ranged the walls urging them on. At dusk the Qinhan Tower fell; flames spread through the town. Seeing resistance spent, Juyi ran home, tried to fall on his sword but did not die cleanly, and threw himself into the fire. Chancellor Bayan admired his courage, paid to recover his body from the ashes, and looked upon it. When word reached court, he was posthumously made Regional Inspector of Lizhou and a shrine was raised where he died.
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陳炤，字光伯，常州人。 少工詞賦，登第，為丹徒縣尉，曆兩淮製置司參議官、大軍倉曹壽春府教授，復入帥幕，改知朐山縣，仍兼主管機宜文字。 尋丁母憂歸。
Chen Zhao, styled Guangbo, came from Changzhou. As a youth he excelled at regulated verse and fu. After passing the examinations he was magistrate of Dantu, then staff adviser on the Two Huai Pacification Commission, granary clerk and professor at Shouchun, returned to a commander's staff, became magistrate of Qushan, and still oversaw confidential papers. He soon returned home to mourn his mother.
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北兵至常，常守趙與鑒走匿，郡人錢訔以城降。 淮民王通居常州，陰以書約劉師勇，許為內應。 朝議乃以姚希得子訔知常州。 師通肋常州，走錢訔，執安撫戴之泰等，遂迎訔以入。 訔以照久任邊知兵，辟為通判。 或謂照曰：“今辟難有辭矣。 ”照曰：“鄉邦淪沒，何可坐視，與其偷生而苟全，不若死之愈也。 ”遂墨衰而出。 凡可以備禦者，無不為之。
When northern troops reached Changzhou, prefect Zhao Yujian fled into hiding and local man Qian Yin surrendered the city. Wang Tong, a Huai native living in Changzhou, secretly wrote Liu Shiyong pledging to serve as an inside contact. Court then appointed Yao Xide's son Yin prefect of Changzhou. Shiyong and Tong seized Changzhou, drove off Qian Yin, arrested pacification commissioner Dai Zhitan and others, and welcomed Yin into the city. Yin, knowing Zhao's long frontier service and military knowledge, appointed him vice-prefect. Someone told Zhao, "Now you have a ready excuse to avoid danger. Zhao replied, "Our homeland is lost — how can we stand by? Better to die than live on in shame and safety. He donned unhemmed mourning dress and went out to fight. He left nothing undone that might serve defense.
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訔入常甫十餘日，大軍攻常，照等率義兵戰禦，自夏徂冬不能下。 以功加帶行提轄文思院。 常將張彥攻呂城，兵敗而降，因盡言常城中虛實，遂急攻之。 照等晝夜城守，招之不下。 丞相伯顏自將圍其城，照與訔持以忠義，協力固守。 再加訔太府寺丞，照幹辦諸軍糧料院，常將士皆轉五官。 城益急，常兵阻壕水為陳，矢盡亦不降。 城破，訔死之，照猶斂兵巷戰，家人請曰：“城東北門圍未合，可走常熟入臨安也。 ”照曰：“去此一步，非死所矣。 ”日中兵至，死焉。 事上，追贈訔龍圖閣待制，希得贈太師，照直寶章閣，並官其子。
Yin had held Changzhou barely ten days when the main force attacked. Zhao and others led militia in defense; from summer through winter the city would not fall. For his service he was made acting superintendent of the Wensi Court with belt insignia. Changzhou general Zhang Yan attacked Lücheng, was beaten and surrendered, and revealed the city's full situation — after which the assault intensified. Zhao and his men held the walls day and night and would not yield to summons. Chancellor Bayan personally besieged the city. Zhao and Yin stood on loyalty and righteousness and held together. Yin was promoted to vice director of the Grand Storehouse, Zhao to staff officer of the army provisions bureau, and every Changzhou officer and soldier advanced five ranks. As the siege tightened, defenders dammed the moat to form a battle line. When arrows ran out, they still would not yield. When the city fell, Yin died. Zhao still rallied men for street fighting. His family urged, "The northeast gate is not yet sealed — flee through Changshu to Lin'an. Zhao said, "One step from here is no longer where a man should die. At midday the enemy came, and there he died. When word reached court, Yin was posthumously made Longtu Attendant-in-Waiting, Xide posthumously Grand Preceptor, Zhao direct Baozhangge attendant, and their sons received offices.
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王安節，節度使堅之子也。 少從其父守合州有功，安節等兄弟五人皆受官。 堅為賈似道所忌，出知和州，鬱鬱而死。
Wang Anjie was the son of Military Commissioner Wang Jian. As a youth he followed his father in the successful defense of Hezhou. Anjie and his four brothers all received appointments. Jian earned Jia Sidao's enmity, was posted out as prefect of Hezhou, and died in grief.
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安節至鹹淳末為東南第七副將。 德祐初，似道潰師蕪湖，列城皆降，不降者亦棄城遁。 時安節駐兵江陵，即走臨安，上疏乞募兵為捍禦，授閣門祗候、浙西添差兵馬副都監。 收兵入平江，合張世傑兵戰鳳皇港，有功，轉三官。
By the end of Xianchun (1274) Anjie was seventh deputy general of the southeast. Early in Deyou (1275), Sidao's army collapsed at Wuhu. City after city surrendered; those that did not still abandoned their posts and fled. Anjie was then stationed at Jiangling. He rushed to Lin'an, memorialized to raise troops for defense, and was made Gate Attendant and additional vice director of Western Zhe military affairs. He gathered troops at Pingjiang, joined Zhang Shijie at Fenghuang Harbor, distinguished himself, and advanced three ranks.
18
劉師勇復常州，攻走王良臣，師勇還平江，以安節與張詹守常。 已而良臣導大兵攻常，常城素惡，安節等築柵以守，相拒兩月不下。 大元丞相伯顏自將攻之，屢遣使招降，亦不下。 丞相怒，麾兵破其南門，安節揮雙刀率死士巷戰，臂傷被執。 有求其姓名者，安節呼曰：“我王堅子安節也。 ”降之不得，乃殺之。
Liu Shiyong retook Changzhou, drove off Wang Liangchen, returned to Pingjiang, and left Anjie and Zhang Zhan to hold the city. Soon Liangchen led the main force against Changzhou. The city was naturally strong; Anjie and his men built palisades and held for two months. Great Yuan Chancellor Bayan personally besieged it and repeatedly sent envoys to demand surrender; they still would not yield. Enraged, the chancellor stormed the south gate. Anjie fought the alleys with twin blades at the head of die-hards until a wounded arm brought him down. When asked his name, Anjie cried, "I am Wang Jian's son, Anjie! They could not make him yield, and killed him.
19
尹玉，寧都人。 以捕盜功為贛州三砦巡檢。 秩滿城居，從文天祥勤王。 及天祥至平江，調玉同淮將張全、廣將朱華拒大兵，戰於伍牧，全等軍敗，以淮、廣軍先遁，曾全、胡遇、謝榮、曾玉以贛州四指揮軍亦遁，唯玉殘軍五百殊死戰。 玉手殺數十人，箭集於胄如蝟毛，援絕力屈，遂被執。 大軍橫四槍於其項，以梃擊之死。 餘兵猶夜戰，殺人馬蔽田間，無一降者。 質明，生還者四人。 贈玉濠州圍練使，官其二子，賜田二頃，以恤其家。
Yin Yu came from Ningdu. For capturing bandits he was made inspector of Ganzhou's three stockades. When his term ended he settled in the city and followed Wen Tianxiang to the emperor's aid. When Tianxiang reached Pingjiang, Yu was sent with Huai general Zhang Quan and Guang general Zhu Hua to hold the main force at Wumu. Quan's army broke; Huai and Guang troops fled first, then Zeng Quan, Hu Yu, Xie Rong, and Zeng Yu with Ganzhou's four command armies. Only Yu's five hundred remnants fought on to the death. Yu killed dozens with his own hands. Arrows bristled on his helmet like a hedgehog. Cut off and spent, he was taken. The enemy laid four spears across his neck and beat him to death with clubs. His remaining men fought through the night; dead men and horses covered the fields, and none surrendered. At dawn, four men survived. Yu was posthumously made Haozhou militia commissioner; both sons received offices and two qing of land to support the family.
20
李芾，字叔章，其先廣平人，中徙汴。 高祖升起進士，為吏有廉名。 靖康中，金人破汴，以刃迫其父，升前捍之，與父俱死。 曾祖椿徙家衡州，遂為衡人。
Li Fei, styled Shuzhang, came originally from Guangping and later moved to Bian. His great-grandfather Sheng passed the examinations and earned a name for integrity in office. During the Jingkang crisis, when the Jurchens took Bian, they threatened his father with blades. Sheng stepped forward to shield him and died with his father. His great-grandfather Chun moved the family to Hengzhou, and they became Heng natives.
21
芾生而聰警，少自樹立，名其齋曰無暴棄。 魏了翁一見禮之，謂有祖風，易其名曰肯齋。 初以蔭補南安司戶，辟祁陽尉，出振荒，即有聲。 攝祁陽縣，縣大治，辟湖南安撫司幕官。 時盜起永州，招之，歲餘不下。 芾與參議鄧提千三百人破其巢，禽賊魁蔣時選父子以歸，餘黨遂平。 攝湘潭縣，縣多大家，前令束手不敢犯。 芾稽籍出賦，不避貴勢，賦役大均。
Fei was clever from childhood and early made his mark, naming his study No Waste or Abandonment. Wei Liaoweng honored him at first meeting, said he bore his ancestors' spirit, and renamed his study Willing Studio. He entered office by yin privilege as Nan'an revenue clerk, was summoned as Qiyang assistant magistrate, relieved famine, and won immediate renown. Acting magistrate of Qiyang, he brought the county to order and joined the Hunan Pacification Commission staff. Bandits rose in Yongzhou; summons to surrender failed for more than a year. Fei and staff adviser Deng led thirteen hundred men, stormed the bandits' lair, captured chiefs Jiang Shixuan and his son, and pacified the rest. As acting magistrate of Xiangtan — a county of powerful clans whose previous magistrate had dared not touch them. Fei audited registers, assessed levies without fear of powerful families, and equalized taxes and labor.
22
入朝，差知德清縣。 屬浙西饑，芾置保伍振民，活數萬計。 遷主管酒庫所。 德清有妖人扇民為亂，民蜂起附之，至數萬人。 遣芾討之，盜聞其來，眾立散歸。 除司農寺丞，曆知永州，有惠政，永人祠之。 以浙東提刑知溫州。 州瀕海多盜，芾至盜息，遂以前官移浙西。 時浙西亦多盜，群穴太湖中，芾跡得其出沒按捕之，盜亦駭散。 作虎丘書院以祠尹焞，置學官，親為學規以教之，學者甚盛。
He went to court and was assigned magistrate of Deqing. When Western Zhe suffered famine, he organized mutual-aid groups and saved tens of thousands. He was promoted to oversee the imperial Wine Treasury. A sorcerer in Deqing stirred rebellion; tens of thousands flocked to him. Fei was sent to suppress them; at word of his coming the rebels dispersed at once. He was made vice director of the Agriculture Office, served as prefect of Yongzhou with benevolent rule, and Yongzhou erected a shrine to him. As Eastern Zhe investigating censor he became prefect of Wenzhou. The coastal prefecture was rife with pirates; when Fei arrived, piracy ceased, and he was transferred to Western Zhe in his former role. Western Zhe too swarmed with bandits nesting in Lake Tai. Fei tracked their movements, arrested them, and scattered them in fear. He founded Tiger Hill Academy to honor Yin Chun, appointed school officers, wrote regulations himself, and drew a great host of students.
23
鹹淳元年，入知臨安府。 時賈似道當國，前尹事無巨細先關白始行，芾獨無所問。 福王府有迫人死者，似道力為營救，芾以書往復辨論，竟置諸法。 嚐出閱火具，民有不為具者，問之，曰：“似道家人也。 ”立杖之。 似道大怒，使台臣黃萬石誣以贓罪，罷之。
In the first year of Xianchun (1265) he became prefect of Lin'an. Jia Sidao held power. The previous prefect reported every matter to Sidao before acting; Fei alone did not. Someone died under coercion at the Prince of Fu's mansion. Sidao fought to save him; Fei argued by letter back and forth and in the end had him punished by law. Once inspecting fire equipment, he found a man who had not supplied his quota. Asked why, the man said, "He is of Sidao's household. Fei had him beaten on the spot. Sidao was furious and had censor Huang Wanshi frame him for corruption and remove him from office.
24
大軍取鄂州，始起為湖南提刑。 時郡縣盜擾，民多奔竄，芾令所部發民兵自衛，縣予一皂幟，令曰：“作亂者斬幟下。 ”民始帖然。 乃號召發兵，擇壯士三千人，使土豪尹奮忠將之勤王，別召民兵集衡為守備。 未幾，似道兵潰蕪湖，乃復芾官，知潭州兼湖南安撫使。 時湖北州郡皆已歸附，其友勸芾勿行，曰：“無已，即以身行可也。 ”芾泣曰：“吾豈昧於謀身哉？ 第以世受國恩，雖廢棄中猶思所以報者，今幸用我，我以家許國矣。 ”時其所愛女死，一慟而行。
When the main force took Ezhou, he was recalled as Hunan investigating censor. Bandits ravaged the prefectures; people fled in panic. Fei ordered militia mobilized for self-defense, gave each county a black banner, and proclaimed, "Rebels will be beheaded beneath this banner. The people then settled. He then raised troops, chose three thousand stalwarts, and sent local leader Yin Fenzhong to the emperor's aid while summoning militia to Heng for defense. Soon Sidao's army collapsed at Wuhu. Fei was restored to office as prefect of Tanzhou and Hunan Pacification Commissioner. Hubei's prefectures had all submitted. A friend urged Fei not to go: "If you must, go alone at least. Fei wept and said, "Do you think I do not know how to save myself? Our house has received the state's grace for generations. Even in disgrace I sought how to repay it. Now that I am called, I pledge my family to the realm. His beloved daughter had just died; he grieved once and set out.
25
大元右丞阿裏海牙既下江陵，分軍戍常德遏諸蠻，而以大兵入潭。 芾遣其將於興帥兵禦之於湘陰，興戰死。 九月，再調繼明出禦，兵不及出，而大軍已圍城。 芾慷慨登陴，與諸將分地而守，民老弱亦皆出，結保伍助之，不令而集。 十月，兵攻西壁，孝忠輩奮戰，芾親冒矢石以督之。 城中矢盡，有故矢皆羽敗，芾命括民間羽扇，羽立具。 又苦食無鹽，芾取庫中積鹽席，焚取鹽給之。 有中傷者，躬自撫勞，日以忠義勉其將士。 死傷相藉，人猶飲血乘城殊死戰。 有來招降者，芾殺之以徇。
After Great Yuan right chancellor Arighai took Jiangling, he garrisoned Changde to hold the tribal frontiers and marched the main force into Tanzhou. Fei sent general Yu Xing to hold Xiangyin; Xing fell in battle. In the ninth month he ordered Jiming out again, but troops could not deploy before the main force had encircled the city. Fei mounted the walls in high spirit, divided sectors among his generals, and old and young alike came out in mutual-aid groups to help — gathering without command. In the tenth month the enemy assaulted the west wall. Xiaozhong and his men fought fiercely while Fei braved arrows and stones to direct them. When arrows ran out and old stock had ruined fletching, Fei ordered civilian feather fans collected — feathers were ready at once. Salt ran short; Fei burned piled salt mats from the storehouse and distributed the salt. He personally comforted the wounded and daily exhorted his men with talk of loyalty and duty. Dead and wounded lay heaped, yet men still manned the walls and fought to the death. Envoys summoning surrender were killed and displayed as warning.
26
十二月，城圍益急，孝忠中炮，風不能起，諸將泣請曰：“事急矣，吾屬為國死可也，如民何？ ”芾罵曰：“國家平時所以厚養汝者，為今日也。 汝第死守，有後言者吾先戮汝。 ”除夕，大兵登城，戰少卻，旋蟻附而登，衡守尹穀及其家人自焚，芾命酒酹之。 因留賓佐會飲，夜傳令，猶手書“盡忠”字為號。 飲達旦，諸賓佐出，參議楊震赴園池死。 芾坐熊湘閣召帳下沈忠遺之金曰：“吾力竭，分當死，吾家人亦不可辱於俘，汝盡殺之，而後殺我。 ”忠伏地扣頭，辭以不能，芾固命之，忠泣而諾，取酒飲其家人盡醉，乃遍刃之。 芾亦引頸受刃。 忠縱火焚其居，還家殺其妻子，復至火所，大慟，舉身投地，乃自刎。 幕屬茶陵顧應焱、安仁陳億孫皆死。 潭民聞之，多舉家自盡，城無虛井，縊林木者累累相比。 繼明等以城降，陳毅潰圍，將奔閩，中道戰死。 事聞，贈端明殿大學士，諡忠節。 芾初至潭，遣其子裕孫出，曰：“存汝以奉祀也。 ”其孫輔叔時亦親迎於溫，皆得不死。 二王悉詔入閩官之。
In the twelfth month the siege tightened. Xiaozhong was struck by cannon and could not rise. Generals wept and pleaded, "Matters are desperate. We can die for the state — but what of the people? Fei cursed them: "The state fed you well in peace for this day alone. Hold to the death. Whoever speaks of yielding, I will kill first. On New Year's Eve the enemy scaled the walls, fell back briefly, then swarmed up like ants. Heng prefect Yin Gu and his family burned themselves; Fei poured libations of wine. He kept his staff for a final feast, passed orders through the night, and still wrote the signal character Utmost Loyalty by hand. They drank until dawn. The staff departed; adviser Yang Zhen drowned himself in the garden pool. Fei sat in Xiongxiang Pavilion, summoned retainer Shen Zhong, and gave him gold: "My strength is spent; I must die. My family must not live in shame as captives. Kill them all, then kill me. Zhong kowtowed and refused, saying he could not. Fei insisted. Zhong wept and agreed, made the family drunk on wine, then stabbed them one by one. Fei then offered his neck to the blade. Zhong burned the residence, went home and killed his wife and children, returned to the fire, wailed, threw himself to the ground, and cut his own throat. Staff members Gu Yingyan of Chaling and Chen Yisun of Anren also died. Hearing this, many Tan families destroyed themselves; no well stood empty, and bodies hung from trees in rows. Jiming and others surrendered the city. Chen Yi broke out toward Fujian and died fighting on the road. When word reached court, he was posthumously made Duanming Hall academician and titled Loyal Integrity. When Fei first reached Tanzhou, he sent out his son Yusun, saying, "I spare you to keep our sacrifices alive. His grandson Fushu was likewise received at Wenzhou, and both survived. Both imperial princes summoned them to Fujian and gave them offices.
27
芾為人剛介，不畏強禦，臨事精敏，奸猾不能欺。 且強力過人，自旦治事至暮無倦色，夜率至三鼓始休，五鼓復起視事。 望之凜然猶神明，而好賢禮士，即之溫然，雖一藝小善亦惓惓獎薦之。 平生居官廉，及擯斥，家無餘貲。
Fei was stern and upright by nature, unafraid of the powerful, sharp in affairs, and beyond the reach of fraud. He was also stronger than most men. He worked from dawn to dusk without tiring; at night he often kept at it until the third watch, rested briefly, and was up again at the fifth watch to resume business. At a distance he seemed awesome as a god; up close he was warm toward the worthy and courteous to scholars, and even the smallest talent or virtue he would earnestly praise and recommend. He lived incorruptibly in every post, and when he was dismissed and cast aside, his household had nothing left.
28
尹穀，字耕叟，潭州長沙人。 性剛直莊厲，初處郡學，士友皆嚴憚之。
Yin Gu, styled Gengsou, was from Changsha in Tanzhou. He was rigid, upright, and severe by nature. When he first entered the prefectural school, his fellow students all stood in awe of him.
29
宋以詞賦取士，季年，惟閩、浙賦擅四方。 穀與同郡刑天榮、董景舒、歐陽逢泰諸人為賦，體裁務為典雅，每一篇出，士爭學之，由是湘賦與閩、浙頡頏。 中年登進士第。 調常德推官，知崇陽縣，所至廉正有聲。
The Song recruited officials through rhapsody and fu composition, and in the dynasty's late years only Fujian and Zhejiang dominated that art. Gu and fellow Hunan writers such as Xing Tianrong, Dong Jingshu, and Ouyang Fengtai composed fu in a deliberately elegant style. Each new piece set scholars scrambling to imitate it, until Hunan fu could stand beside the Fujian and Zhejiang schools. He passed the jinshi examination in middle age. He served as investigating magistrate in Changde and as magistrate of Chongyang County, earning a reputation for integrity wherever he went.
30
丁內艱，居家教授，不改儒素。 日未出，授諸生經及朱氏《四書》，士雖有才思而不謹飭者擯不齒。 諸生隆暑必盛服，端居終日，夜滅燭始免巾幘，早作必冠而後出帷。 行市中，市人見其舉動有禮，相謂曰：“是必尹先生門人也。 ”詰人果然。
After his mother's death he stayed home to teach and lived as plainly as ever. Before dawn he taught the classics and Zhu Xi's Four Books. Talented but undisciplined students he expelled and refused to count among his pupils. Even in midsummer his students wore full dress and sat upright all day, removing caps and headcloths only after the candles were put out at night, and putting on caps again before leaving their quarters at dawn. In the marketplace people would see their courteous bearing and say to one another, "Those must be Master Yin's students. " And when questioned, it always proved true.
31
晚入李庭芝製幕，用薦擢知衡州，需次於家。 潭城受兵，帥臣李芾禮以為參謀，共畫備禦策。 時城中壯士皆入衛臨安，所餘軍僅四百五十人，老弱太半。 芾糾率民丁，獎勵以義，人殊死戰，三月城不下。 大軍斷絕險要，援兵不至，穀知城危，與妻子訣曰：“吾以寒儒受國恩，典方州，誼不可屈，若輩必當從吾已耳。 ”召弟嶽秀使出，以存尹氏祀，嶽秀泣而許之死。 乃積薪扃戶，朝服望闕拜已，先取曆官告身焚之，即縱火自焚。 鄰家救之，火熾不可前，但於烈焰中遙見穀正冠端笏危坐，闔門無少長皆死焉。 芾聞之，命酒酹穀曰：“尹務實，男子也，先我就義矣。 ”務實，穀號也。
Later he joined Li Tingzhi's military commission staff, was recommended for promotion to prefect of Hengzhou, and was waiting at home for his appointment. When Tanzhou came under siege, commander Li Fei honored him with a staff post as adviser, and together they planned the city's defense. By then the city's able-bodied men had all gone to defend Lin'an. Only four hundred fifty soldiers remained, more than half of them old or infirm. Fei mustered the militia, roused them with appeals to duty, and they fought as if death meant nothing; for three months the city held. The main force sealed the strategic passes and no relief came. Seeing the city doomed, Gu bade farewell to his wife and children: "I am only a humble scholar who received the state's favor and was entrusted with a prefecture. Duty cannot bend — you must follow me in this. " He sent out his younger brother Yue Xiu to preserve the Yin line. Yue Xiu wept and vowed to die with the rest. He piled firewood, barred the door, put on court dress, bowed toward the capital, burned his appointment documents from every post he had held, and set himself ablaze. Neighbors tried to rescue them, but the flames were too fierce to approach. Through the blaze they could only see Gu seated upright in full cap and tablet, and every member of the household, young and old, perished. When Fei heard, he poured wine as an offering and said, "Yin Wushi — what a man — has died for the cause before me. Wushi was Gu's sobriquet.
32
初，潭士以居學肄業為重，州學生月試積分高等，升湘西嶽麓書院生，又積分高等，升嶽麓精舍生，潭人號為“三學生”。 兵興時，三學生聚居州學，猶不廢業。 穀死，諸生數百人往哭之，城破，多感激死義者。
Tan scholars had long prized residential study. Prefectural students who scored highest in monthly exams advanced to the Yuelu Academy in western Hunan; top scorers there advanced again to the Yuelu Seminary — a progression Tan people called the "three-tier students." Even when war broke out, the three-tier students gathered at the prefectural school and never abandoned their studies. When Gu died, hundreds of his students came to mourn him. After the city fell, many were so moved that they died for the cause.
33
楊霆，字震仲。 少有誌節。 以世澤奏補將仕郎，銓試第一，授修職郎、桂嶺主簿，有能聲。 又五中漕舉，改鄂州教授，遷復州司理參軍，轉常、澧觀察推官，擢知監利縣。 縣有疑獄，曆年不決，霆未上，微服廉得其實，立決之，人稱神明。
Yang Ting, styled Zhenzhong. Even as a youth he showed resolve and integrity. Through hereditary privilege he entered service as Gentleman for Official Service, ranked first in the appointment examination, and was made Cultivated Duty Gentleman and chief clerk of Guiling, quickly earning a name for competence. He passed the transport commission examination five times, served as instructor at Ezhou, then as judicial aide in Fuzhou, investigating magistrate under the Chang-Li observation commission, and was finally promoted to magistrate of Jianli County. The county had a doubtful case unresolved for years. Before even taking office, Ting went in disguise to investigate, learned the truth, settled it at once, and people hailed him as uncannily just.
34
辟荊湖製置司幹官。 呂文德為帥，素慢侮士，常試以難事，霆倉卒立辦，皆合其意。 一日謂曰：“朝廷有密旨，出師策應淮東，誰可往者？ ”即對曰某將可。 又曰：“兵器糧草若何？ ”即對曰某營兵馬、某庫器甲、某處矢石、某處芻糧，口占授吏，頃刻案成。 文德大驚曰：“吾平生輕文人，以其不事事也。 公材幹如此，何官不可為，吾何敢不敬。 ”密薦諸朝，除通判江陵府。
He was recruited as a staff officer on the Jinghu Military Commission. Commander Lü Wende habitually looked down on scholars and often tested them with hard tasks. Ting handled each one on the spot to Wende's satisfaction. One day Wende asked him, "The court has a secret order to march and support Huaidong. Who should go? Ting immediately named a suitable general. Wende asked again, "What about arms, grain, and fodder? Ting answered at once — which camp's troops and horses, which depot's armor, which stockpiles of arrows and stones, which stores of hay and grain — dictating to clerks until the papers were finished in moments. Wende was astonished. "All my life I have scorned literati as men who attend to nothing, yet your capacity is such that no office is beyond you. How could I fail to respect you? " He secretly recommended him to court, and Ting was appointed vice-prefect of Jiangling.
35
江陵大府，雄據上流，表裏襄、漢，西控巴蜀，南扼湖、廣。 兵民雜處，庶務叢集，霆隨事裁決，處之泰然。 暇日詣郡庠，與諸生講學，又取隸官閑田，增益廩稍。 選民之強壯，當農隙訓練之，時付以器械，雜兵行肄習，親閱試行賞以激勸之。 未幾，有能擐甲騎射者，遂皆獲其用，而兵不復擾民。
Jiangling was a great prefecture commanding the upper Yangtze, flanked by the Xiang and Han rivers, holding Ba-Shu to the west and guarding Hunan and Guangdong to the south. Soldiers and civilians lived side by side and business piled up endlessly, yet Ting decided each matter as it arose with unflappable calm. In his spare time he lectured at the prefectural school, took idle land from subordinate offices, and increased students' grain stipends. He selected able-bodied civilians, drilled them between planting seasons, armed them, mixed them with regular troops in training, personally inspected them, and rewarded performance to spur them on. Before long he had men who could don armor and shoot from horseback, all of them put to good use, and soldiers no longer harassed the populace.
36
丁內艱，德祐初，起復奉議郎、湖南安撫司參議，與安撫使李芾協力戰守。 霆有心計，善出奇應變，帥府機務，芾一以委之。 城初被圍，日夜守禦，數日西北隅破，霆麾兵巷戰，抵暮增築月城，比旦城復完，策厲將士，以死守之。 城既破，霆赴水死，妻妾奔救無及，遂皆死。
While mourning his mother he was recalled early in the Deyou era as Proposal-Discussing Gentleman and deliberative officer on the Hunan Pacification Commission, where he joined Pacification Commissioner Li Fei in the city's defense. Ting was resourceful and skilled at improvising under pressure, and Fei entrusted all headquarters business to him. When the siege began he defended day and night. After several days the northwest corner broke; Ting led street fighting, rebuilt the barbican overnight, and by dawn the wall was whole again. He rallied the garrison to hold to the death. When the city fell, Ting drowned himself. His wife and concubines rushed to save him but could not reach him in time, and all perished.
37
趙卯發，字漢卿，昌州人。 淳祐十年，以上舍登第，為遂寧府司戶、潼川簽判、宣城宰。 素以節行稱。 中被論罷。 鹹淳七年，起為彭澤令。 十年，權通判池州。
Zhao Maofa, styled Hanqing, was from Changzhou. In the tenth year of Chunyou he passed the examinations from the upper dormitory and served as revenue recorder in Suining Prefecture, signing clerk in Tongchuan, and magistrate of Xuancheng. He had long been known for integrity. Mid-career he was impeached and dismissed. In the seventh year of Xianchun he was recalled as magistrate of Pengze. In the tenth year he served as acting vice-prefect of Chizhou.
38
大兵渡江，池守王起宗棄官去，卯發攝州事，繕壁聚糧，為守禦計。 夏貴兵敗歸，所過縱掠，卯發捕斬十餘人，兵乃戢。 明年正月，大兵至李王河，都統張林屢諷之降，卯發忿氣填膺，瞠目視林不能言。 有問以禔身之道者，卯發曰：“忠義所以禔身也，此外非臣子所得言。 ”林以兵出巡江，陰降，歸而陽助卯發為守，守兵五百餘，柄皆歸林。 卯發知不可守，乃置酒會親友，與飲訣，謂其妻雍氏曰：“城將破，吾守臣不當去，汝先出走。 ”雍氏曰：“君為命官，我為命婦，君為忠臣，我獨不能為忠臣婦乎？ ”卯發笑曰：“此豈婦人女子之所能也。 ”雍氏曰：“吾請先君死。 ”卯發笑止之。 明日乃散其家資與其弟侄，仆婢悉遣之。
When the main force crossed the Yangtze, Prefect Wang Qizong abandoned his post and fled. Maofa took charge of the prefecture, repaired the walls, stockpiled grain, and prepared to defend. When Xia Gui's defeated army passed through looting freely, Maofa arrested and executed more than ten men, and the troops finally quieted down. The following first month the main force reached the Li-Wang River. Commander Zhang Lin repeatedly hinted that he should surrender. Maofa burned with indignation, stared at Lin with bulging eyes, and could not speak. When someone asked how to preserve one's integrity, Maofa said, "Loyalty and righteousness are how one preserves one's person — beyond that a subject has nothing to say. Lin marched out to patrol the river, secretly submitted, then returned pretending to help Maofa defend. The garrison numbered just over five hundred, but real power rested entirely with Lin. Knowing the city could not hold, Maofa held a farewell feast for kin and friends and told his wife Lady Yong, "The city will fall. As its defender I cannot leave — you should escape first. Lady Yong replied, "You hold an official commission and I am an official's wife. If you will be a loyal minister, why should I not be a loyal minister's wife? Maofa smiled and said, "That is hardly what wives and daughters are expected to do. Lady Yong said, "Then let me die before you. Maofa smiled and dissuaded her. The next day he divided his household goods among his brothers and nephews and dismissed every servant.
39
二月，兵薄池，卯發晨起書幾上曰：“君不可叛，城不可降，夫妻同死，節義成雙。 ”又為詩別其兄弟，與雍盛服同縊從容堂死。 卯發始為此堂，名“可以從容”，及兵遽，領客堂中，指所題扁曰：“吾必死於是。 ”客問其故，曰：“古人謂‘慷慨殺身易，從容就義難”，此殆其兆也。 ”卯發死，林開門降。 大元丞相伯顏入，問太守何在，左右以死對。 即如堂中觀之，皆歎息。 為具棺衾合葬於池上，祭其墓而去。 事聞，贈華文閣待制，諡文節，雍氏贈順義夫人，錄二子為京官。
In the second month the enemy closed on Chizhou. Maofa wrote on his desk that morning: "The lord must not betray, the city must not surrender — husband and wife die together, integrity paired in death. He wrote farewell poems to his brothers, then he and Lady Yong, both in full dress, hanged themselves together in the Hall of Composed Ease. When Maofa first built the hall he had named it "One May Be at Ease." When war came suddenly he led guests inside, pointed to the inscribed plaque, and said, "I shall surely die here. When they asked why, he said, "The ancients said, 'It is easy to die in a burst of passion; it is hard to meet death with composure.' This name was the sign. After Maofa died, Lin opened the gates and surrendered. Great Yuan chancellor Bayan entered and asked where the prefect was. His attendants answered that he was dead. Bayan went at once to the hall to see for himself, and all who looked sighed in admiration. He provided coffins and shrouds, buried them together on the hill above Chizhou, offered sacrifice at their tomb, and departed. When word reached court, Maofa was posthumously made Huawen Pavilion attendant drafting gentleman with the posthumous title Cultured Integrity; Lady Yong was made Lady Obedient Righteousness, and their two sons were enrolled as capital officials.
40
唐震，字景實，會稽人。 少居鄉，介然不苟交，有言其過者輒喜。 既登第為小官，有權貴以牒薦之者，震內牒篋中，已而幹政，震取牒還之，封題未啟，其人大愧。 後為他官，所至以公廉稱。 楊棟、葉夢鼎居政府，交薦其賢。
Tang Zhen, styled Jingshi, was from Kuaiji. As a young man in the countryside he was upright and would not associate casually with others, yet he was always pleased when someone pointed out his faults. After entering office as a minor official, a powerful man sent him a recommendation. Zhen filed it unopened. When the man later came seeking favors, Zhen returned the sealed memorial untouched, to the man's deep shame. In later posts he was known everywhere for fairness and integrity. Yang Dong and Ye Mengding, then in the central government, jointly recommended his merit.
41
鹹淳中，由大理司直通判臨安府。 時潛說友尹京，恃賈似道勢，甚驕蹇，政事一切無所顧讓。 會府有具獄將置辟，震力辨其非，說友爭之不得，上其事刑部，卒是震議。
During the Xianchun era he rose through the Court of Judicial Review to vice-prefect of Lin'an. At the time Qian Shuoyou governed the capital backed by Jia Sidao's power. He was insufferably arrogant and brooked no restraint in anything he did. When the prefecture had a completed case ready for execution, Zhen forcefully argued it was wrong. Shuoyou could not prevail, appealed to the Ministry of Justice, and in the end Zhen's view was upheld.
42
六年，江東大旱，擢知信州。 震奏減綱運米，蠲其租賦，令坊置一吏，籍其戶，勸富人分粟，使坊吏主給之。 吏有勞者，輒為具奏復其身，吏感其誠，事為盡力，所活無算。 州有民庸童牧牛，童逸而牧舍火，其父訟庸者殺其子投火中，民不勝掠，自誣服。 震視牘疑之，密物色之，得童傍郡，以詰其父，對如初，震出其子示之，獄遂直。 擢浙西提刑。 過闕陛辭，似道以類田屬震，震謝不能行，至部，又以疏力爭之。 趙氏有守阡僧甚暴橫，震遣吏捕治，似道以書營救，震不省，卒按以法。 似道怒，使侍御史陳堅劾去之。
In the sixth year, amid severe drought in eastern Jiang, he was promoted to prefect of Xinzhou. Zhen memorialized to cut tribute grain shipments and remit rents and levies, ordered each ward to appoint a clerk to register households, urged the wealthy to share grain, and put ward clerks in charge of distribution. He memorialized to restore the personal status of clerks who had served well. Moved by his sincerity, they worked with all their strength, and countless lives were saved. A man hired a boy to herd cattle; the boy ran off and the cattle shed burned. The father sued the hirer, claiming he had killed the boy and thrown him into the fire. Unable to bear the beating, the man falsely confessed. Zhen read the file and was suspicious. He secretly tracked down the boy in a neighboring commandery, questioned the father, who stuck to his story, then produced the living son — and the case was cleared. He was promoted to judicial intendant of western Zhejiang. At his farewell audience Sidao assigned him Leitian land. Zhen declined, saying he could not do it, and after reaching his post memorialized forcefully against the order. A Zhao clan tomb-guarding monk was notoriously brutal. Zhen sent officers to arrest him. Sidao wrote to intercede, but Zhen ignored the plea and prosecuted the monk to the full extent of the law. Sidao, enraged, had remonstrating censor Chen Jian impeach and remove him.
43
鹹淳十年，起震知饒州。 時興國、南康、江州諸郡皆已歸附，大兵略饒。 饒兵止千八百人，震發州民城守，昧爽出治兵，至夜中始寐，上書求援，不報。 大兵使人入饒取降款，通判萬道同陰使於所部斂白金、牛酒備降禮，饒寓士皆從之。 道同風震降，震叱之曰：“我忍偷生負國邪？ ”城中少年感震言，殺使者。 民有李希聖者謀出降，械置獄中。 明年二月，兵大至，都大提舉鄧益遁去，震盡出府中金錢，書官資揭於城，募有能出戰者賞之。 眾懼不能戰，北兵登陴，眾遂潰。 震入府中玉芝堂，其仆前請曰：“事急矣，番江門兵未合，亟出猶可免。 ”震罵曰：“城中民命皆係於我，我若從爾言得不死，城中民死，我何面目生邪？ ”左右不復敢言，皆出。 有頃，兵入，執牘鋪案上，使震署降，震擲筆於地，不屈，遂死之。 兄椿與家人俱死。 張世傑尋復饒州，判官鄔宗節求震屍葬之。 贈華文閣待制，諡忠介，廟號褒忠，官其二子。
In the tenth year of Xianchun, Zhen was recalled as prefect of Raozhou. By then Xingguo, Nankang, Jiangzhou, and neighboring prefectures had all submitted, and the main force was closing on Raozhou. Raozhou had only eighteen hundred soldiers. Zhen mobilized the populace to man the walls, drilled troops from dawn until midnight, and memorialized for relief — but no answer came. The enemy sent envoys to Raozhou for a surrender document. Vice-prefect Wan Daotong secretly ordered his subordinates to collect silver, cattle, and wine for surrender gifts, and local gentry went along. Daotong pressed Zhen to surrender. Zhen rebuked him: "Do you think I would cling to life and betray the realm? Stirred by Zhen's words, the city's young men killed the envoys. A townsman named Li Xisheng plotted to surrender; Zhen had him shackled and jailed. The next February the main force arrived. Overall intendant Deng Yi fled. Zhen emptied the treasury, posted ranks and rewards on the walls, and paid anyone willing to fight. The people feared they could not hold. The northerners scaled the walls, and the defense broke. Zhen withdrew to the Jade Mushroom Hall in the yamen. His servant pleaded, "Matters are desperate — troops at Fanjiang Gate are not yet closed in. Leave now and you may yet escape. Zhen cursed him: "The city's people depend on me. If I flee and live while they die, how could I show my face again? His attendants dared say no more and left. Soon soldiers entered, laid a surrender document before him, and demanded his signature. Zhen threw the brush down, refused to yield, and was killed. His brother Chun and the entire household died as well. Zhang Shijie soon retook Raozhou; vice-prefect Wu Zongjie recovered Zhen's body and buried it. He was posthumously made Huawen Attendant-in-Waiting, titled Loyal and Upright, shrine named Commending Loyalty, and both sons received offices.
44
震客馮驥、何新之，驥後守獨鬆關，新之守閩之新壘，皆戰死。
Zhen's clients Feng Ji and He Xinzhi later held Dusong Pass and Fujian's Xinlei fort respectively; both died fighting.
45
趙與檡，為嗣秀王。 德祐二年，為浙、閩、廣察訪使。 益王之立，舅楊亮節居中秉權，與檡自以國家親賢，多所諫止，遂犯忌嫉，諸將俱憚之。 未幾，北兵逼浙東，乃命與檡出瑞安，與守臣方洪共任備禦。 朝臣言與檡有劉更生之忠，曹王皋之孝，宜留輔以隆國本。 譖者益急，卒遣之。 瑞安受圍，城中危急，與洪誓以死守。 小校李雄夜開門納外兵，與檡、洪率眾巷戰，兵敗被縶，董文炳問之曰：“汝為秀王耶？ 今能降乎？ ”與檡厲聲曰：“我國家近親，今力屈而死，分也，尚何問為？ ”遂殺之。 洪亦伏節而死。
Zhao Yushi was heir to the Prince of Xiù. In the second year of Deyou (1276) he was made investigating commissioner for Zhe, Fujian, and Guang. When the Prince of Yi was enthroned, his uncle Yang Liangjie held court power. Yushi, as imperial kin, remonstrated often, earned jealousy, and was feared by the generals. Soon northern forces pressed Eastern Zhe. He was sent to Ruian to share defense duties with defender Fang Hong. Court ministers said Yushi had Liu Gengsheng's loyalty and Cao Wanggao's filial devotion and should remain at court to strengthen the throne. Slander grew fiercer, and in the end he was sent away. Ruian was besieged and the city desperate. He and Hong swore to hold to the death. Petty officer Li Xiong opened the gates by night and let the enemy in. Yushi and Hong led street fighting, were beaten and seized. Dong Wenbing asked, "Are you the Prince of Xiù? Will you surrender now? Yushi cried harshly, "I am the emperor's close kin. My strength is spent and I die — that is fate. What more is there to ask? They killed him. Hong too upheld his integrity and died.
46
又有趙孟錦者，少不羈，遊淮以軍功為將佐。 北兵攻真州，每戰輒為士卒先，守苗再成倚之為重。 北兵重艦駐江上，孟錦乘大霧來襲，俄霧解，日已高，北兵見其兵少，逐之，登舟失足墮水，身荷重甲，溺焉。
There was also Zhao Mengjin — wild in youth, who won a general's post on the Huai through military merit. When the north attacked Zhenzhou, he led every charge. Defender Miao Zaicheng leaned on him heavily. Northern heavy ships lay in the river. Mengjin struck through thick fog; when it lifted and the sun rose high, the enemy saw how few he was and pursued. Boarding a boat he slipped into the water in full armor and drowned.
47
趙淮，丞相葵之從子也。 李全之叛，屢立戰功，累官至淮東轉運使。 德祐中，戍銀樹埧，兵敗，與其妾俱被執至瓜州，元帥阿術使淮招李庭芝，許以大官。 淮陽許諾，至揚城下，乃大呼曰：“李庭芝！ 男子死耳，毋降也！ ”元帥怒，殺之，棄屍江濱。
Zhao Huai was a nephew of Chancellor Li Kui. When Li Quan rebelled, he won repeated battle honors and rose to Huai-East transport commissioner. During Deyou he garrisoned Yingshu Ford, was defeated, and was taken with his concubine to Guazhou. Yuan marshal Aju had Huai summon Li Tingzhi with promises of high office. Huai feigned agreement. At the walls of Yangzhou he shouted, "Li Tingzhi! Men die — that is all there is to it. Do not yield! The marshal was enraged, killed him, and cast his body on the riverbank.