1
趙時賞
Zhao Shishang
2
趙時賞，字宗白，和州宗室也，居太平州。 咸淳元年擢進士第，累官知宣州旌德縣。 德祐元年，北軍至境，時賞擁民兵捍戰有功，升直寶章閣、軍器太監。 從二王入閩中。 益王即位，擢知邵武軍。 未幾，言者以棄城論罷之。
Zhao Shishang, whose style name was Zongbai, belonged to the imperial clan of He Prefecture and made his home in Taiping Prefecture. In the first year of the Xianchun reign he passed the jinshi examination and eventually rose to serve as magistrate of Jingde County in Xuan Prefecture. When the northern armies reached the frontier in the first year of Deyou, Shishang rallied militia to resist them with notable success and was promoted to Direct Associate of the Baozhang Pavilion and Commissioner of Military Equipment. He accompanied the two imperial princes into Fujian. After Prince Yi ascended the throne, he was appointed administrator of Shaowu Circuit. Soon afterward, critics accused him of abandoning his post and he was removed from office.
3
文天祥開都督府於南劍，奏辟參議軍事、江西招討副使。 與宗室孟溁提兵趣贛州，取道石城，復寧都縣。 數以偏師當一面，戰比有勝。 時賞風神明俊，議論慷慨，有策謀，尤為天祥所知。 及空坑之役，兵敗走吳溪，為追兵所執，不屈死之。
When Wen Tianxiang established his headquarters at Nanjian, he recommended Shishang as military adviser and as vice commissioner for the Jiangxi pacification campaign. Together with the imperial clansman Meng Fen he marched toward Ganzhou, traveling by way of Shicheng and recovering Ningdu County. Repeatedly he held an entire sector with only a detached column, and battle after battle he came away victorious. Shishang was handsome and quick-witted, spoke boldly, possessed real strategic talent, and enjoyed Wen Tianxiang's especial trust. At the disaster of Kongkeng his force was routed; fleeing to Wuxi he was captured by pursuers and put to death rather than yield.
4
時賞在軍中時，見同列盛輜重，飾姬侍，歎曰：「軍行如春遊，其能濟乎？」 及被執，見係累它僚屬至者，時賞輒麾去，云：「小小簽廳官爾，執此何為？」 由是得脫者眾。
In camp he once saw his fellows weighed down with baggage and attended by concubines in full finery. He sighed and said, "If an army marches like a spring pleasure tour, how can it prevail?" After his capture, whenever he saw other bound officials brought in, he would dismiss them, saying, "They are only petty registry clerks—why bother seizing them?" In this way many of them escaped capture.
5
趙希洎
Zhao Xiji
6
趙希洎，宗室子，居宜春。 歷官至戶部尚書。 咸淳中，迕丞相賈似道，出領廣東轉運使。 德祐元年，制置使黃萬石檄其勤王，得潰卒數百，道經廬陵，郡守邀其軍，遂與從子必向避地贛州。 亂定歸裏，時袁守聶嵩孫，希洎內姻也，勉之內款，不能屈。 文天祥兵敗，以失言與必向俱被囚，辭節愈厲，家人饋食，則碎器覆諸地，俱不食，據榻而死。
Zhao Xiji, a member of the imperial clan, lived at Yichun. He eventually rose to the post of Minister of Revenue. During the Xianchun era he crossed Chancellor Jia Sidao and was posted out as transport commissioner for Guangdong. In the first year of Deyou, Pacification Commissioner Huang Wanshi called on him to march to the emperor's defense. He gathered several hundred scattered soldiers, but when he passed Luling the prefect pressed him to leave his troops behind, so he withdrew with his nephew Bixiang to Ganzhou. After order was restored he returned home. Nie Sungsun, the Yuan prefect, was related to Xiji by marriage and urged him to submit quietly to the new regime, but could not break his resolve. After Wen Tianxiang's defeat both men were imprisoned on account of an ill-considered remark. Their defiance only hardened. When their families brought food they smashed the dishes and scattered the food on the ground; neither would eat, and both died where they lay on their couches.
7
劉子薦
Liu Zijian
8
劉子薦，字貢伯，吉州安福人。 父夢驥，以進士歷官知澧州，沒於王事。 子薦以父任為湘鄉尉，以獲盜功調撫州司錄。 有訴王應亨毆死荷擔黃九者，獄成矣，子薦閱爰書，疑而駁之。 俄烈風迅雷辟獄戶，裂吏扌契，殺人者實孔目馮汝能，非應亨也。 獄遂白，得免死者八人。 事聞，頒諭天下之為理官者。 改知贛縣，監行在左藏庫，通判常德府，知融州。 陛辭，度宗尉之曰：「廣郡凋瘵，賴卿撫摩。」 子薦對曰：「臣當推行德化，以安其民。」 至官，以廉靜著聞。
Liu Zijian, whose style name was Gongbo, came from Anfu in Ji Prefecture. His father Mengji, a jinshi graduate who rose through the civil service, served as prefect of Li Prefecture and died in the line of duty. Zijian entered service through his father's privilege as assistant magistrate of Xiangxiang, and for capturing bandits was transferred to the post of recorder of Fuzhou. In a case charging Wang Yingheng with beating the porter Huang Jiu to death, the verdict had already been finalized, but Zijian examined the file, found grounds for doubt, and rejected the judgment. Soon afterward a violent storm burst open the prison gate and split the shackles of the clerk involved: the real killer was the registry clerk Feng Runeng, not Yingheng. The case was finally clarified, and eight men who would have been put to death were spared. When word of the affair reached the throne, an edict was promulgated to magistrates throughout the empire. He was appointed magistrate of Gan County, then supervised the Left Treasury at the mobile court, served as vice-prefect of Changde, and finally as prefect of Rong Prefecture. When he took leave of the throne before departing for his post, Emperor Duzong reassured him, saying, "Those distant prefectures are ravaged and impoverished; I depend on you to restore them." Zijian answered, "Your servant will spread virtuous governance to bring peace to the people." Once in office he won renown for integrity and restraint.
9
主管仙都觀，廣西經略司檄為參議官。 德祐二年十一月，北兵至靜江，權經略使馬塈遣子薦提徭兵藥弩手守城東門，勢不支。 時瀛國公已入燕，子薦取笏書其上云：「我頭可斷，膝不可屈。」 登城北望再拜，取所衣袍瘞之，語左右曰：「事急不可為，吾有以死守。」 或諷子薦遁去，子薦曰：「死事，義也，何以遁為？」 竟死之。
He was placed in charge of Xiandu Abbey, and the Guangxi military commission appointed him as advisory officer. In the eleventh month of the second year of Deyou the northern armies reached Jingjiang. Acting Commissioner Ma Que sent Zijian with corvée militia and crossbow units to hold the eastern gate, but the defense could not hold. By then the young emperor had already been taken to Yan. Zijian took his court tablet and wrote on it, "My head may be cut off, but my knees will not bend." He mounted the wall, bowed twice toward the north, buried the robe he was wearing, and told those around him, "There is nothing more to be done in this emergency; I have my own way to die defending my post." Some suggested he flee, but Zijian said, "To die in the performance of duty is what righteousness demands—why should I flee?" He died at his post.
10
黃文政
Huang Wenzheng
11
有黃文政者，淮人。 戍蜀，軍潰，間道走靜江。 馬塈邀與同守，城破，文政被執，大詬不屈。 大軍斷其舌，以次劓刖之，文政含胡叱咄，比死不絕聲。
There was a man named Huang Wenzheng from the Huai region. While garrisoned in Shu, his unit was routed and he made his way by hidden paths to Jingjiang. Ma Que asked him to join the defense. When the city fell he was captured and poured abuse on his captors without yielding. The army cut out his tongue and then mutilated him piece by piece. Huang still mumbled curses and shouts until he died without falling silent.
12
呂文信
Lu Wenxin
13
呂文信，文德之弟也。 仕至武功大夫、沿江副司諮議官。 德祐初，帥舟師次南康斛林，夾白鹿磯與北兵遇，戰死。 特贈寧遠軍承宣使。 子師憲，特與帶行閣職，與兩子承信郎恩澤。 仍立廟賜額。
Lu Wenxin was the younger brother of Lu Wende. He rose to the rank of Grandee of Military Achievement and served as advisory officer of the coastal sub-commission. Early in the Deyou era he commanded a fleet stationed at Huluin in Nankang, met the northern armies near Bailu Rock, and died fighting. He was posthumously granted the rank of Commissioner-in-ordinary of the Ningyuan Army. His son Shixian was specially granted an honorary portfolio appointment, and both sons were given Chengxin Lang favors. A shrine was also erected and granted an honorific plaque.
14
河湖砦巡檢張興宗亦死之。 贈武翼郎，賜緡錢三萬，仍與一子承信郎恩澤。
Zhang Xingzong, inspector of the river and lake stockades, also died in the fighting. He was posthumously awarded the rank of Wuyi Lang, granted thirty thousand strings of cash, and one son was given Chengxin Lang favor.
15
鍾季玉
Zhong Jiyu
16
鍾季玉，饒州樂平人。 淳祐七年舉進士，調為都大坑冶屬，改知萬載縣。 淮東制置使李庭芝薦之，遷審計院，改宗正寺簿，又遷樞密院編修，出知建昌軍。 會有旨江西和糴，季玉至郡才半年，屬歲旱，度其經賦不能辦，請於朝，和糴得減三之一。 遷提舉常平，未幾，改轉運判官，皆不赴。 後以江西轉運判官強起之。 郡大胥以賄敗，前使百計護之，季玉卒窮治，投嶺表。 俄以秘書丞召還，遭前使構讒而封駁之，改都大提點坑冶。 北兵渡江，季玉徙寓建陽，兵至，不屈死之。
Zhong Jiyu came from Leping in Rao Prefecture. In the seventh year of Chunyou he passed the jinshi examination, was assigned to the chief mining intendant's office, and then appointed magistrate of Wanzai County. Li Tingzhi, pacification commissioner for Huaidong, recommended him for advancement through the Audit Court and Clan Temple offices to compiler at the Privy Council, and finally for appointment as administrator of Jianchang Circuit. An imperial order required united grain procurement in Jiangxi. Jiyu had been in office only half a year when drought struck. Judging that local revenues could not meet the quota, he petitioned the court and secured a one-third reduction in the procurement levy. He was promoted to intendant of the Ever-Normal Granaries and shortly afterward named transport vice-commissioner, but declined both appointments. Later he was compelled to accept appointment as Jiangxi transport vice-commissioner. A chief clerical officer of the prefecture was convicted of bribery. The previous commissioner had shielded him by every possible means, but Jiyu finally prosecuted the case to the end and had him sent into exile in Lingnan. He was soon recalled as Secretariat Director, but the former commissioner fabricated charges against him and the appointment was blocked; he was reassigned instead as chief mining intendant. When the northern armies crossed the Yangzi he withdrew to Jianyang. When enemy troops arrived he refused to submit and was put to death.
17
有潘方者，溫州平陽人。 寶祐四年進士，調監慶元府市舶。 慶元降附，方不屈赴水死。
There was also a man named Pan Fang from Pingyang in Wenzhou. He passed the jinshi examination in the fourth year of Baoyou and was assigned to supervise the maritime trade office of Qingyuan Prefecture. When Qingyuan surrendered Fang refused to yield and drowned himself.
18
耿世安，為武翼大夫、淮東副總管、兩淮都撥發官。 初，諜報大兵至，制置使賈似道調世安提兵往漣水軍增戍。 眾方猶豫，世安徑迎至漁溝，以三百騎入陳鏖擊，自午至酉，身被七創，猶能追殺潰兵。 收兵還，至數里沒。 事聞，贈五官，立廟淮安，賜額忠武。
Geng Shian held the rank of Grandee of Military Achievement, served as vice commander-in-chief of Huaidong, and as dispatch officer for the entire Huai region. When scouts first reported that the main northern army was approaching, Pacification Commissioner Jia Sidao ordered Shian to lead troops to reinforce Lianshui Circuit. While others still hesitated, Shian rode straight to Yugou and charged into the enemy line with three hundred horsemen. He fought from noon until evening, took seven wounds, and still managed to pursue and cut down the fleeing troops. He withdrew with his troops, but a few li from camp he drowned. When word reached court he was posthumously advanced five ranks, a shrine was erected at Huai'an, and granted the plaque "Loyal and Martial."
19
丁黼，成都制置使也。 嘉熙三年，北兵自新井入，詐豎宋將李顯忠之旗，直趨成都。 黼以為潰卒，以旗榜招之，既審知其非，領兵夜出城南迎戰，至石筍街，兵散，黼力戰死之。 方大兵未至，黼先遣妻子南歸，自誓死守。 至是，從黼者惟幕客楊大異及所信任數人，大異死而復蘇。 黼帥蜀，為政寬大，蜀人思之。 事平，賜額立廟。
Ding Fu served as pacification commissioner of Chengdu. In the third year of Jiaxi the northern army entered through Xinjing, flying the banner of the Song general Li Xianzhong as a ruse, and advanced straight on Chengdu. Fu at first took them for routed Song troops and tried to summon them with a banner placard. Once he saw they were the enemy he led his forces out at night through the south gate to meet them. At Shijun Street his men dispersed and Fu died fighting to the last. Even before the main army arrived he had sent his wife and children south and sworn to defend Chengdu to the death. By then only his staff adviser Yang Dayi and a few trusted retainers remained with him; Dayi was struck down but revived. As governor of Shu he had ruled with lenient policies, and the people of Shu long remembered him fondly. After order was restored a shrine was established and granted an honorific plaque.
20
米立，淮人，三世為將。 從陳奕守黃州，奕降，立潰圍出。 江西制置使黃萬石署為帳前都統製。 大兵略江西，立迎戰於江坊，被執不降，係獄。 行省遣萬石諭之曰：「吾官階一個先牌寫不盡，今亦降矣。」 立曰：「侍郎國家大臣，立一小卒爾，何足道。 但三世食趙氏祿，趙亡，何以生為？ 立乃生擒之人，與投拜者不同。」 萬石再三說之，不屈，遂遇害。
Mi Li, a native of the Huai region, came from three generations of military men. He followed Chen Yi in defending Huang Prefecture. When Yi surrendered, Li broke through the encirclement and escaped. Jiangxi Pacification Commissioner Huang Wanshi appointed him commander-in-chief of the forward headquarters. When the main army overran Jiangxi he met them in battle at Jiangfang, was captured, refused to submit, and was thrown into prison. The Branch Secretariat sent Wanshi to persuade him, saying, "Even one honor plaque cannot list all my ranks—and now even I have surrendered." Li answered, "You, Vice Commissioner, are a great minister of the state; I am only a petty soldier—what comparison is there? Yet for three generations my family has eaten the Song emperor's stipend. With the Zhao house fallen, how could I go on living? I was taken alive; I am not like those who came forward and bowed in submission." Wanshi urged him again and again, but he would not yield and was finally put to death.
21
趙文義者，郢州都統製。 更戍歸，與北兵遇，力戰死之。 初，開州之役，文義兄武義亦死焉。
Zhao Wenyi served as commander-in-chief of E Prefecture. On returning from a tour of garrison duty he encountered the northern army and died fighting. Earlier, in the fighting at Kai Prefecture, Wenyi's elder brother Wuyi had also died.
22
有楊壽孫者，為雲安軍主簿兼教參佐忠勝軍。 端平中，北兵至中江縣，與將官何庚、安惟臣、田廣澤、歹坤等連戰二日，俱死之。 壽孫贈通直郎，官一子下州文學。 庚等各贈承節，一子進勇副尉。
There was a man named Yang Shousun who served as registrar of Yun'an Circuit and as instructor-assistant to the Zhongsheng Army. During the Duanping era the northern army reached Zhongjiang County. With the officers He Geng, An Weichen, Tian Guangze, Dai Kun, and others he fought for two consecutive days and they all died. Shousun was posthumously awarded Tongzhi Lang and one son was granted the post of literary fellow in a subprefecture. Geng and the others were each posthumously awarded Chengjie, and one son of each was made Jinyong Vice-Commandant.
23
侯字道子，溫州樂清人。 三貢於鄉，兩試轉運司，皆第一。 以武舉授合浦尉，柳城令，侍衛步軍司幹辦公事，侍衛馬軍行司計議官。 寶祐五年，制置使賈似道辟通判海州兼河南府計議官。 李鬆壽據山東，突出漣、泗，鏖城下，死之，懃室遇害。 太學生三十一人言於朝，即海州賜廟旌忠，諡曰節毅，仍立廟其鄉。 所著有《霜崖集》。
Hou Fu, whose style name was Daozi, came from Yueqing in Wen Prefecture. He submitted himself three times for the local examinations and twice took the transport commission examinations, ranking first every time. Through the military examination he was appointed assistant magistrate of Hepu and magistrate of Liucheng, then served as staff officer of the Palace Step Army and as planning officer of the Palace Horse Army executive office. In the fifth year of Baoyou, Pacification Commissioner Jia Sidao appointed him vice-prefect of Haizhou and concurrently planning officer for Henan Prefecture. When Li Songshou held Shandong he broke out toward Lian and Si, fought fiercely beneath the city walls, and died; his wife Qin was also killed in the fighting. Thirty-one Imperial Academy students petitioned the court, which promptly granted Haizhou a shrine honoring loyalty, gave him the posthumous title Jieyi, and ordered a shrine built in his home district as well. He was the author of Collected Works from Frost Cliff.
24
王孝忠，為鎮江前軍統製兼淮東路分，戍淮陰。 楊貴叛，孝忠率眾迎戰，勝氣百倍。 俄水軍統製朱信降賊，孝忠孤軍力不敵，死焉。
Wang Xiaozhong served as commander-in-chief of the Jiangqian Vanguard Army and as sub-commissioner for Huaidong Circuit, with his garrison at Huaiyin. When Yang Gui rebelled, Xiaozhong led his men out to fight and their fighting spirit soared. Soon afterward the naval commander Zhu Xin went over to the rebels. Xiaozhong, left alone and outnumbered, died in the fighting.
25
張山翁字君壽，普州人。 景定三年進士。 德祐元年，為荊湖宣撫司幹官。 鄂守張晏然議納款，山翁以書譙讓之。 晏然既降，山翁被執軍前，諭曰：「若降，不失作顯官。」 山翁酬對不屈。 行省官賈思貞義之，貸不殺。 後居黃鵠山，聚徒教授而終。 有《南紀》、《緇林藏》、《雲山》、《相鋤》等集。
Zhang Shanweng, whose style name was Junshou, came from Pu Prefecture. He passed the jinshi examination in the third year of Jingding. In the first year of Deyou he served as staff officer of the Jinghu Pacification Commission. When the prefect of E, Zhang Yanran, proposed surrender, Shanweng wrote to rebuke him sharply. After Yanran surrendered, Shanweng was brought before the enemy army and told, "If you submit, you may still receive a high office." Shanweng answered without yielding. Jia Sizhen, an official of the Branch Secretariat, admired his integrity and spared his life. He later lived on Yellow Crane Mountain, gathered students to teach, and ended his life there. His works include Southern Annals, Black Forest Storehouse, Cloud Mountain, Mutual Plowing, and other collections.
26
黃申，字酉鄉，井研人。 開慶元年進士，授德安尉，攝主簿兼提點江西刑獄司簽廳，獄事多所辨明。 丞相江萬里、提刑黃震交薦之，調樂安丞。
Huang Shen, whose style name was Youxiang, came from Jingyan. He passed the jinshi examination in the first year of Kaiqing, was appointed assistant magistrate of De'an, served as acting chief clerk and registry officer of the Jiangxi Criminal Investigation Commission, and cleared up many prison cases. Chancellor Jiang Wanli and investigating commissioner Huang Zhen both recommended him, and he was transferred to assistant magistrate of Le'an.
27
申為政廉謹，有治聲。 以恩升從事郎。 大兵拔撫州，下諸縣索降狀，樂安令率其僚聯署以上。 申初聞變，悉遣家人遠避，至是獨抗不往。 令遣吏促之，申不動。 吏白令，令怒。 俄而吏民數百人集於庭，強輿致之，申顛踣於地，若中風然。 眾捽蹴詬叱曰：「為爾不順，將累我輩。」 申陽死為不聞，令無如之何。 申有惠愛在民，至暮，眾舁入置中堂，翼日或食以粥，得免。 遂去，隱巴山中以終。
In office Shen governed with integrity and caution and earned a reputation for effective administration. By imperial favor he was promoted to Associate Gentleman. When the main army took Fuzhou it demanded surrender documents from the counties, and the magistrate of Le'an had his subordinates sign and submit them jointly. When Shen first heard of the crisis he had sent his entire family away to safety; now he alone refused to go. The magistrate sent clerks to summon him, but Shen would not budge. The clerks reported back and the magistrate grew furious. Soon several hundred clerks and townspeople gathered in the courtyard and forcibly carried him off. Shen collapsed to the ground as if stricken by apoplexy. The crowd kicked and cursed him, shouting, "Because you refuse to submit, you will ruin us all." Shen pretended to be dead and paid no heed, leaving the magistrate helpless. Because Shen had shown kindness to the people, by evening the crowd carried him inside and placed him in the central hall. The next day some fed him porridge, and in this way he escaped harm. He then left office and lived in seclusion in the Ba Mountains until his death.
28
羍少與謝枋得遊，會枋得起兵安仁，首拔入幕。 執安仁令李景，景，羍里人也。 景請得以家貲二萬贖罪，羍曰：「普天之下，莫非王土。 家財獨非朝廷錢耶？」 聲其罪斬之。 景子率鄉民五千報怨，膠度勢不敵，引兵趨信州。 會守吏遁去，羍聞於朝，就攝郡事。
Chen Da had known Xie Fangde since youth. When Fangde raised troops at Anren, Da was the first to enter his staff. He seized the Anren magistrate Li Jing, who was a fellow townsman of Da. Jing asked to redeem his offense with twenty thousand in family wealth. Da said, "All under Heaven is the king's land. Is private wealth not also the court's money?" He proclaimed Jing's crimes and had him beheaded. Jing's son led five thousand villagers to take revenge. Judging that he could not hold his ground, Da led his troops toward Xin Prefecture. When the defending officials fled, Da reported to the court and assumed charge of the prefecture.
29
益王即位，羍入覲，遷宗正寺簿、太府寺丞、領江東安撫使。 出上饒，接應郡縣，所部才千餘人，屯火燒山。 越數月，戰潰，被執至豫章，元帥憐其才，羈縻館留之，遁去。 後三年復起兵，尋敗入積煙山中，自剄死。 所著有《鶴心集》，其詩多譏刺當時之士大夫。 弟年同時被執，死焉。
When Prince Yi took the throne, Da went to court and was promoted to registrar of the Clan Temple and director of the Court of the Imperial Clan, and placed in charge of the Jiangdong Pacification Commission. He marched out from Shangrao to support the prefectures and counties. His force numbered barely more than a thousand men and encamped on Fire-Burning Mountain. Several months later his army was routed. Captured and taken to Yuzhang, the commander pitied his talent and kept him under loose detention in a guesthouse, but he escaped. Three years later he raised troops again. Soon defeated, he withdrew into Accumulated-Smoke Mountain and killed himself. He wrote Collected Works of the Crane Heart, and his poems often satirize the literati of his day. His younger brother Nian was captured at the same time and also died.
30
蕭雷龍，字顯辰，建昌新城人。 景定三年進士，調臨安府學教授，通判衢州。 及州守棄城遁，朝命雷龍權知府事。
Xiao Leilong, whose style name was Xianchen, came from Xincheng in Jianchang. He passed the jinshi examination in the third year of Jingding, was assigned as professor at the Lin'an Prefecture school, and served as vice-prefect of Quzhou. When the prefect abandoned the city and fled, the court ordered Leilong to act as prefect.
31
北兵薄城下，不降，脫去還建昌。 建昌已降，雷龍與同里人黃巡檢起兵。 時大兵四合，雷龍度不可支，與黃巡檢及麾下數人奔入閩，未出境，為同安武人徐浚衝獲送縣。 權縣尹劉聖仲素與雷龍有怨，殺之。 後聖仲北來，泊舟小孤山，有巨艦衝前，建大旗書曰「蕭知府兵」，繼見雷龍坐船上，聖仲大呼，有頃不見，以驚死。
When the northern armies pressed the city walls he refused to surrender, slipped away, and returned to Jianchang. Jianchang had already surrendered, but Leilong and a fellow townsman, Inspector Huang, raised troops. The main army then closed in from all sides. Leilong judged that resistance could not be sustained and, with Inspector Huang and a few followers, fled into Fujian. Before he crossed the border he was seized by Xu Jun, a militiaman of Tong'an, and sent to the county seat. The acting county magistrate Liu Shengzhong had long borne a grudge against Leilong and had him killed. Later Shengzhong traveled north. When he moored at Little Solitary Mountain, a great ship charged ahead bearing a banner that read "Forces of Prefect Xiao," and then he saw Leilong seated aboard. Shengzhong cried out in alarm; in a moment both vanished, and he died of fright.
32
宋應龍者，儒生。 通兵，出入行陳三十餘年，為諮議官，寓泰州。 德祐二年六月甲寅，大兵至泰州，裨校孫貴、胡惟孝、尹端甫、李遇春開門迎降，應龍與其妻自縊於圃中。
Song Yinglong was a Confucian scholar. Skilled in military affairs, for more than thirty years he moved in and out of the battle lines as an advisory officer and lived at Taizhou. On the jiayin day of the sixth month of the second year of Deyou the main army reached Taizhou. Deputy commanders Sun Gui, Hu Weixiao, Yin Duanfu, and Li Yuchun opened the gates in welcome. Yinglong and his wife hanged themselves in the garden.
33
是時，提刑諮議褚一正字粹翁，廬州人，武舉進士。 督戰高沙被創，竟沒於水。 知興化縣胡拱辰，縣破，亦死之。
At the same time the criminal investigation advisory officer Chu Yizheng, whose style name was Cuion, a native of Luzhou, was a military examination graduate. While directing the fighting at Gaosha he was wounded and finally drowned. Hu Gongchen, magistrate of Xinghua, also died when the county fell.
34
鄒洬，字鳳叔，吉水人，後徙永豐。 少慷慨有大志，以豪俠鳴。 從文天祥勤王，補武資至將軍。 益王立，改寺丞，領江西招諭副使。 聚兵寧都，得數萬，改授江西安撫副使。 復興國、永豐二縣，進兵部侍郎兼江東、西處置副使。 及永豐敗，繼從天祥間關嶺道，未幾，復出開督府，分司永豐、興國境上。 北兵驟至，大戰，洬脫身走至潮州。 及天祥被執，洬自殺。
Zou Feng, whose style name was Fengshu, came from Jishui and later moved to Yongfeng. From youth he was bold and ambitious and won fame for his heroic spirit. He followed Wen Tianxiang in rallying to the throne and was given military standing up to the rank of general. When Prince Yi was established he was made temple director and appointed vice commissioner for Jiangxi pacification. He gathered troops at Ningdu and raised several tens of thousands of men, then was appointed Jiangxi Pacification Vice Commissioner. He recovered Xingguo and Yongfeng counties and was promoted to Vice Minister of War and concurrently vice commissioner for disposition in Jiangdong and Jiangxi. When Yongfeng fell he again followed Tianxiang along the difficult mountain route into Lingnan. Before long he came out again to reopen the headquarters and served on the Yongfeng and Xingguo border. The northern army arrived suddenly. In the great battle Feng broke free and fled to Chaozhou. When Tianxiang was captured, Feng took his own life.
35
當是時，從天祥勤王死事者，洬與劉子俊等凡十有九人，因次第其名，附見左方。
At that time nineteen men in all, including Feng and Liu Zijun, followed Tianxiang in rallying to the throne and died in his service; their names are therefore listed in order and appended below.
36
劉子俊字民章，廬陵人。 嘗中漕試。 少與文天祥同里閈，相友善。 天祥開督府興國，子俊詣府計事，補宣教郎、帶行軍器監簿兼督府機宜。 空坑兵敗，子俊收兵保洞源，接應郡縣。 尋入廣，與大兵遇，戰潰，復招集散亡，與鄒洬同趨潮州。 天祥兵敗，子俊被執，自詭為天祥，意使大兵不窮追，天祥可間走也。 未幾，別隊執天祥至，相遇於途，各爭真贗，至大將前，始得其實，乃烹子俊。
Liu Zijun, whose style name was Minzhang, came from Luling. He had once ranked first in the transport commission examination. From youth he lived in the same neighborhood as Wen Tianxiang and they were close friends. When Tianxiang opened his headquarters at Xingguo, Zijun came to discuss affairs and was appointed Instructor, honorary Military Equipment Commissioner, and concurrently headquarters planner. After the defeat at Kongkeng he gathered troops to hold Dongyuan and supported the prefectures and counties. Soon he entered Guang, met the main army, was routed, gathered the scattered remnants again, and with Zou Feng hurried to Chaozhou. When Tianxiang's army was defeated, Zijun was captured and falsely claimed to be Tianxiang, hoping the enemy would not pursue relentlessly so Tianxiang might escape by another route. Before long another detachment captured Tianxiang and brought him along. They met on the road and each disputed which was genuine. Before the commander the truth was known, and Zijun was boiled alive.
37
劉沐字淵伯，廬陵人。 文天祥鄰曲也，少相狎昵，天祥好奕，與沐對奕，窮思忘日夜以為常。 及起兵，辟補宣教郎、督府機宜。 暨天祥出使，沐領兵還。 天祥歸，開府南劍，沐收部曲來會，改授太府寺簿，專將一軍，為督府親衛。 會空坑兵敗，被執至豫章，父子同日死焉。 仲子死亂兵，季子復從天祥死嶺南。 當時江西忠義皆沐所號召。 沐性沈實而圜機，晝夜應酬，亹不倦云。
Liu Mu, whose style name was Yuanbo, came from Luling. He was Tianxiang's neighbor. From youth they were intimate companions. Tianxiang loved weiqi and played against Mu, thinking through the game day and night as their constant habit. When troops were raised he was appointed Instructor and headquarters planner. When Tianxiang went on embassy, Mu led the troops back. When Tianxiang returned and opened his headquarters at Nanjian, Mu gathered his command and came to join him. He was then made director of the Court of the Imperial Clan, given command of a separate army, and made the headquarters personal guard. At the defeat of Kongkeng he was captured and taken to Yuzhang, where father and son died on the same day. His second son died in the chaos of battle; his youngest son again followed Tianxiang and died in Lingnan. At that time the loyal and righteous men of Jiangxi were all summoned into service by Mu. Mu was deep and steady yet resourceful, answering demands day and night without weariness.
38
孫㮚字實甫，吉州龍泉人，獻簡公抃之後，天祥長妹婿也。 天祥起兵，檄㮚招忠義士，補宣教郎、帶行監官告院、知吉州龍泉縣。 天祥擁兵出贛，里人奉㮚復龍泉，拒守不下，尋為叛者所陷，執至隆興殺之。
Sun Li, whose style name was Shifu, came from Longquan in Ji Prefecture. He was a descendant of the Presented Duke Bian and was married to the daughter of Tianxiang's elder sister. When Tianxiang raised troops he summoned Li to recruit loyal and righteous men. Li was appointed Instructor, honorary Director of the Court of Imperial Patent, and magistrate of Longquan in Ji Prefecture. When Tianxiang led his army out of Gan, the villagers supported Li in recovering Longquan and held it without yielding. Soon he was trapped by rebels, captured, and killed at Longxing.
39
彭震龍字雷可，永新人，天祥次妹婿也。 性跌蕩喜事，嘗以罪墨。 天祥起兵，補宣教郎、帶行太社令、知永新縣。 會天祥出使被執，震龍遁歸，吉州已失，乃結峒獠起兵。 天祥兵出嶺，震龍接應，復永新。 大兵至，震龍為親黨所執，至帥府，腰斬之，屠永新。
Peng Zhenlong, whose style name was Leike, came from Yongxin and was married to the daughter of Tianxiang's younger sister. He was unrestrained by nature and fond of stirring events; he had once been tattooed as punishment for a crime. When Tianxiang raised troops he was appointed Instructor, honorary Director of the Imperial Ancestral Temple, and magistrate of Yongxin. When Tianxiang went on embassy and was captured, Zhenlong slipped back home. Ji Prefecture was already lost, so he rallied the cave tribes to raise troops. When Tianxiang's army came out of the Ling passes, Zhenlong supported him and recovered Yongxin. When the main army arrived, Zhenlong was seized by his own kin, taken to the commander's headquarters, cut in two at the waist, and Yongxin was put to the sword.
40
蕭燾夫，永新人，與兄敬夫俱天祥客。 燾夫為詩有豪俊氣。 天祥起兵，補從仕郎。 及彭震龍謀復其縣，燾夫讚之。 縣受屠，兄弟俱死之。
Xiao Daofu of Yongxin, together with his elder brother Jingfu, were both clients of Tianxiang. Daofu's poetry had a bold and heroic spirit. When Tianxiang raised troops he was appointed Associate Gentleman. When Peng Zhenlong planned to recover the county, Daofu supported him. When the county was put to the sword, both brothers died.
41
陳繼周字碩卿，寧都人。 淳祐三年貢於鄉。 以捕盜功行，未奏名，授廉州司法，南豐縣知錄，淮東總領幹官，藤州觀察推官，知吉州永豐縣，改知高安縣、廣東經略司準備差遣、知衡陽縣，辟淮東轉般倉、江東提點刑獄幹辦公事。
Chen Jizhou, whose style name was Shuoqing, came from Ningdu. In the third year of Chunyou he was presented at the local examinations. For merit in capturing bandits he was advanced before his name had been formally submitted. He was appointed judicial officer of Lian Prefecture, recorder of Nanfeng County, staff officer of the Huaidong Chief Intendant, observation push officer of Teng Prefecture, magistrate of Yongfeng in Ji Prefecture, then magistrate of Gao'an, prepared agent of the Guangdong Military Commission, magistrate of Hengyang County, and summoned to the Huaidong transport granary and the Jiangdong Criminal Investigation Commission.
42
未上，會咸淳十年，詔征勤王，文天祥方守贛州，即日舉兵，造繼周問計。 繼周慨然為具言閭里豪傑子弟與凡起兵之處，其為方略甚詳。 於是留繼周幕中，晝夜調度，授繼周江西安撫司準備差遣，率贛士以從。 繼周雖弱不勝衣，而年德有以服人，士視為父兄，進止疾徐惟指呼，無敢先後。 詔改繼周合入官，帶行監文思院，差充江、浙制置司主管機宜。 所部夜襲大兵於南柵門，殺傷相當，質明猶戰，渴赴水死。
Before he took up his post, in the tenth year of Xianchun an edict summoned troops to rally to the throne. Wen Tianxiang was then defending Ganzhou, raised troops that very day, and came to Jizhou to ask his counsel. Jizhou spoke earnestly and laid out in detail the local heroes and every place where troops could be raised, with his plans worked out very thoroughly. He therefore kept Jizhou on his staff, directing affairs day and night, appointed him prepared agent of the Jiangxi Pacification Commission, and led men from Gan to follow him. Though Jizhou was so frail he seemed barely able to bear his clothes, his age and virtue won men's respect. The soldiers treated him as a father or elder brother, moving only at his command, none daring to step out of order. An edict regularized Jizhou's appointment, granted him honorary Director of the Wensi Court, and detailed him as chief planner of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang Pacification Commission. His command made a night assault on the enemy at the southern stockade gate. Casualties were roughly equal, and fighting continued at dawn. Thirsty, he rushed into the water and drowned.
43
張汴字朝宗，一字次山，蜀人。 少客丞相吳潛兄弟門，出入荊閫曆年，明習韜略。 潛兄弟既罷，廢斥者十餘年。 繼文天祥起兵，辟為秘閣修撰，領廣東提舉、督府參謀，左右幕府，知無不為。 空坑兵敗，為亂兵所殺。 處置使鄒洬得其屍葬之。
Zhang Bian, whose style names were Chaozong and Cishan, came from Shu. From youth he had been a client in the household of Chancellor Wu Qian and his brothers. For years he moved in and out of the Jinghu commandery and became thoroughly versed in strategy. After the Wu brothers were dismissed, he was cast aside for more than ten years. When Wen Tianxiang raised troops he was summoned as Compiler of the Secretariat Pavilion, placed in charge of the Guangdong intendant's office and as headquarters strategist, serving in the headquarters staff and doing whatever he could. At the defeat of Kongkeng he was killed by mutinous troops. Disposition Commissioner Zou Feng recovered his body and buried it.
44
呂武，太平州步卒也。 文天祥出使，武應募從行，偕脫鎮江之難，沿淮東走海道，賴武力為多。 天祥開府南劍，武以武功補官，遣之結約州縣起兵相應。 道阻，復崎嶇數千里即天祥於汀、梅，挺身患難，化賊為兵。 以環衛官將數千人出江西，以遇士大夫無禮，死於橫逆，一軍揮涕而葬之。 武忠梗出天性，不避強禦，而好面折人過，多觸忌諱，故及於禍云。
Lu Wu was a foot soldier of Taiping Prefecture. When Wen Tianxiang went on embassy, Wu volunteered to accompany him. Together they escaped the danger at Zhenjiang and fled along the Huai coast by sea, relying greatly on his martial strength. When Tianxiang opened his headquarters at Nanjian, Wu was given office through military merit and was sent to arrange alliances with prefectures and counties to raise troops in response. When the road was blocked he again traveled thousands of li over rugged terrain to reach Tianxiang in Ting and Mei, throwing himself into hardship and turning bandits into soldiers. Leading several thousand men as a palace guard general into Jiangxi, he died by violence because he was rude to scholars and officials. The whole army wept as they buried him. Wu's loyalty and bluntness came from his nature. He did not avoid the powerful, yet he liked to rebuke others' faults to their faces and often gave offense, and therefore met disaster.
45
鞏信，安豐軍人。 為荊湖都統，沈勇有謀。 本隸蘇劉義部曲，文天祥開督府，劉義以信與王福、張必勝詣天祥。 信官至團練使、同督府都統製、江西招討使。 初至都府，天祥以義士千人付之，信曰：「此輩徒累人爾。」 乃招淮士數千自隨，然常怏怏曰：「有將無兵，其如彼何！」 天祥自興國趨永豐，大兵追其後，信戰於方石嶺，中數矢，傷重不能戰，自投崖石而死。 士人葬之，顏色如生。 贈清遠軍承宣使，立廟旌之。
Gong Xin came from Anfeng Army. He served as overall commander of Jinghu and was deep, brave, and resourceful. Originally he belonged to Su Liuyi's command. When Tianxiang opened his headquarters, Liuyi sent Xin with Wang Fu and Zhang Bisheng to join him. Xin rose to regimental trainer, concurrent headquarters commander-in-chief, and Jiangxi pacification commissioner. When he first arrived at headquarters, Tianxiang entrusted him with a thousand volunteer fighters. Xin said, "These men only burden others." He then recruited several thousand Huai men to follow him, yet often said in discontent, "To have generals without soldiers—what can be done against them!" Tianxiang hurried from Xingguo toward Yongfeng with the main army in pursuit. Xin fought at Fangshi Ridge, was struck by several arrows, was too gravely wounded to continue fighting, and threw himself from the cliff to his death. Scholars buried him, and his complexion looked as it had in life. He was posthumously awarded Commissioner-in-ordinary of the Qingyuan Army, and a shrine was established to honor him.
46
蕭明哲字元甫，太和人。 性剛毅有膽氣，明大節。 少舉進士，天祥開府汀州，辟充督幹架閣監軍。 師出嶺，明哲以贛縣民義復萬安，連結諸砦拒守。 兵敗，被執不屈，死於隆興。 臨刑大罵不絕口，聞者壯之。
Xiao Mingzhe, whose style name was Yuanfu, came from Taihe. He was firm and resolute by nature, courageous, and clear about great principle. In youth he passed the jinshi examination. When Tianxiang opened his headquarters at Ting Prefecture he was summoned as supervisory officer of the headquarters archive and military supervisor. When the army came out of the Ling passes, Mingzhe led the militia of Gan County to recover Wan'an and linked the stockades in defense. His army was defeated. Captured, he would not yield and died at Longxing. At execution he cursed without ceasing, and those who heard were stirred.
47
林琦，閩人也。 德祐二年，大兵既迫臨安，琦於赭山結集忠義數千人，捍禦海道。 以功補宣教郎、督府主管機宜文字，充檢院。 文天祥開府南劍，琦佐其幕。 琦外文采，內忠實，數涉患難，無怨懟辭。 及潮州移屯，琦俱被執，至惠州遁，復執之北行，赴水，為吏所拔，至建康，以憂憤死。
Lin Qi came from Fujian. In the second year of Deyou, when the main army had already pressed Lin'an, Qi gathered several thousand loyal and righteous men at Zhe Mountain to defend the sea route. For his merit he was appointed Instructor and headquarters chief planner, and made inspector. When Wen Tianxiang opened his headquarters at Nanjian, Qi served on his staff. Outwardly refined in literary grace, inwardly loyal and steadfast, he passed through many hardships without a word of complaint. When the headquarters moved to Chaozhou he was captured with the rest. At Huizhou he escaped, was captured again on the northward journey, threw himself into the water and was pulled out by guards, and at Jiankang died of grief and indignation.
48
蕭資，天祥幕下書史也。 天祥起兵，資於患難中扶持甚至。 空坑兵敗，以全督府印功，升閣門、路鈐轄。 資性和厚，臨機應變，輯穆將士，總攝細務，任腹心之寄。 潮陽移屯，與大兵遇，死之。
Xiao Zi was a clerk on Tianxiang's staff. When Tianxiang raised troops, Zi supported him through hardship to the utmost. At the defeat of Kongkeng, for preserving the headquarters seal intact he was promoted to Gate Guard and route commander. Zi was gentle and steadfast by nature, adaptable in crisis, able to harmonize officers and soldiers, oversaw detailed affairs, and was entrusted with inner counsel. When the headquarters moved to Chaoyang he met the main army and died.
49
徐臻，溫州人。 父官河南，德祐元年春，臻往省，以道阻。 會天祥勤王，臻往依之，以筆劄典樞密，小心精練。 天祥被執，臻脫難復來，願從天祥北行，扶持患難，備殫忠款，至隆興病死。
Xu Zhen came from Wenzhou. His father held office in Henan. In the spring of the first year of Deyou Zhen went to visit him but was blocked on the road. When Tianxiang rallied to the throne, Zhen went to join him and managed Privy Council documents with care and refinement. When Tianxiang was captured, Zhen escaped and came again, wishing to follow him north and support him through hardship with full loyalty, until he died of illness at Longxing.
50
金應者，性少剛知義。 為天祥職書司，入京補承信郎，官路分。 天祥奉使被執，左右皆散，應獨無畔誌。 及脫走鎮江，至淮東，以憂憤死焉。
Jin Ying was by nature somewhat stern and knew what righteousness demanded. He served Tianxiang in the Document Office, entered the capital and was given Chengxin Lang, and held a route post. When Tianxiang went on embassy and was captured, those around him all scattered, but Ying alone had no thought of desertion. When they escaped from Zhenjiang and reached Huaidong, he died there of grief and indignation.
51
何時字了翁，撫州樂安人，天祥同年進士也。 調廬陵尉，尋入江西轉運司幕府，還臨江軍司理參軍。 郡獄相傳，舊斬一寇，屍能行一里許。 眾神之，塐為肉身皋陶。 時至，取故牘閱，此寇嘗掠殺數人，曰：「如此可為神乎？」 命鞭之，湛於水，人服其明。 改知興國縣。
He Shi, whose style name was Ziweng, came from Le'an in Fuzhou and had passed the jinshi examination in the same year as Tianxiang. He was appointed assistant magistrate of Luling, soon entered the Jiangxi transport commission staff, and returned as judicial investigator of Linjiang Circuit. In the prefectural prison there was a tradition that the corpse of an old executed bandit could walk about a li or so. The people deified him and modeled his body in clay as the spirit of Gao Yao. When the time came, Shi took out the old dossier to read it. This bandit had once plundered and killed several people. He said, "Can such a man be made a god?" He ordered the image flogged and sunk in the water, and the people admired his clarity of judgment. He was then appointed magistrate of Xingguo County.
52
天祥起兵，辟署帥府機宜、帶行監文思院。 天祥入衛，時任留司，分司吉州。 餉運平江，天祥奏時知撫州。 吉州下，時脫身歸鄉里。 益王立，天祥開府南劍，時起兵趨興國接引，以時帶行卿監、江西提刑。 時聚兵復崇仁縣，未幾，大軍奄至，兵敗，削髮為僧，竄跡嶺南，賣卜自給，變姓名，自號堅白道人。
When Tianxiang raised troops he was appointed headquarters planner and honorary Director of the Wensi Court. When Tianxiang entered the capital on guard, Shi remained at the rear headquarters and served as deputy for Ji Prefecture. While supplying transport to Pingjiang, Tianxiang memorialized that Shi should be made prefect of Fuzhou. When Ji Prefecture fell, Shi escaped and returned to his home district. When Prince Yi was established and Tianxiang opened his headquarters at Nanjian, Shi raised troops and hurried to Xingguo to receive him. He was given honorary Supervisor and made Jiangxi investigating commissioner. Shi gathered troops and recovered Chongren County. Before long the main army suddenly arrived and his force was defeated. He shaved his head and became a monk, hid in Lingnan, supported himself by divination, changed his name, and styled himself the Daoist of Firm Whiteness.
53
又有陳子敬者，贛州人。 以貲雄鄉里，嘗從天祥遊。 天祥開閫汀州，子敬募集民兵屯皂口，據贛下流。 及天祥攻贛，子敬與合謀，忠效甚著。 空坑兵敗，復聚兵屯黃塘砦，連結山砦不降。 大軍以重兵襲其砦，砦潰，子敬不知所終。
There was also Chen Zijing, a native of Ganzhou. Wealthy and dominant in his home district, he had once traveled with Tianxiang. When Tianxiang opened his command at Ting Prefecture, Zijing recruited militia and encamped at Zaokou, holding the lower reaches of Gan. When Tianxiang attacked Gan, Zijing joined in the plan and showed great loyal service. At the defeat of Kongkeng he again gathered troops and encamped at Huangtang Stockade, linking mountain stockades that refused to submit. The main army attacked the stockade with heavy force. The stockade collapsed and Zijing's end was unknown.
54
劉士昭，太和人，嘗為針工。 與鄉人同謀復太和縣，敗，血指書帛云：「生為宋民，死為宋鬼，赤心報國，一死而已。」 因以其帛自縊死。
Liu Shizhao of Taihe had once been a needle-worker. With fellow townsmen he plotted to recover Taihe County. When defeated, he wrote in blood on silk, "Born a Song subject, dead a Song ghost, a loyal heart for the state, death alone is all." He then hanged himself with that silk.
55
其黨入獄，多乞憐苟免。 有王士敏者，獨慷慨不撓，題其裾：「此生無復望生還，一死都歸談笑間，大地盡為腥血汙，好收吾骨首陽山。」 臨刑歎曰：「恨吾病失聲，不能大罵耳。」
His companions were imprisoned, and many begged for pity to escape punishment. There was one Wang Shimin who alone was bold and unyielding. He wrote on his robe, "This life no longer hopes to return alive; one death all returns to jest and talk; the great earth all stained with bloody filth; well gather my bones at Shouyang Mountain." At execution he sighed, "I regret that my illness has robbed me of my voice so I cannot curse them loudly."
56
同時有趙孟壘者，合州人。 登開慶元年第，為金華尉。 臨安降，與從子由鑒懷太皇太后帛書詣益王，擢宗正寺簿、監軍。 復明州，戰敗見獲，不屈磔死。
At the same time there was Zhao Menglei, a native of He Prefecture. He passed the examination in the first year of Kaiqing and served as assistant magistrate of Jinhua. When Lin'an surrendered, he and his nephew Youjian carried the Grand Empress Dowager's silk letter to Prince Yi and was promoted to registrar of the Clan Temple and military supervisor. He recovered Ming Prefecture, was defeated in battle, captured, and dismembered alive without yielding.
57
方大軍駐紹興，福王與芮從子曰孟松，謀舉兵，事泄，被執至臨安。 範文虎詰其謀逆，孟松詬曰：「賊臣負國厚恩，共危社稷，我帝室之胄，欲一刷宗廟之恥，乃更以為逆乎？」 文虎怒，驅出斬之，過宋廟，呼曰：「太祖、太宗列聖之靈在天，何以使孟松至此？」 都人莫不隕淚。 既死，雷電晝晦者久之。
When the main army was stationed at Shaoxing, Prince Fu and his clansman Mengsong plotted to raise troops. The affair leaked and they were seized and taken to Lin'an. Fan Wenhui interrogated them for treason. Mengsong reviled him, "Traitor ministers betrayed the state's deep favor and together endangered the altars. I am of the imperial house and wished only to wipe away the shame of the ancestral temples—yet you call this treason?" Wenhui in anger had him driven out and executed. Passing the Song temple he cried, "The spirits of Taizu, Taizong, and the successive sages in Heaven—how could they let Mengsong come to this?" The people of the capital all shed tears. After his death, thunder and lightning darkened the day for a long time.