1
孝武帝二十八男：文穆皇后生廢帝子業、豫章王子尚，陳淑媛生晉安王子勛，阮容華生安陸王子綏，徐昭容生皇子子深，何淑儀生松滋侯子房，史昭華生臨海王子頊，殷貴妃生始平孝敬王子鸞，次永嘉王子仁，與皇子子深同生，何婕妤生皇子子鳳，謝昭容生始安王子真，江婕妤生皇子子玄，史昭儀生邵陵王子元，次齊敬王子羽，與始平孝敬王子鸞同生，江美人生皇子子衡，楊婕妤生淮南王子孟，次皇子子況，與皇子子玄同生，次南平王子產，與永嘉王子仁同生，次晉陵孝王子雲，次皇子子文，並與始平孝敬王子鸞同生，次廬陵王子輿，與淮南王子孟同生，次南海哀王子師，與始平孝敬王子鸞同生，次淮陽思王子霄，與皇子子玄同生，次皇子子雍，與始安王子真同生，次皇子子趨，與皇子子鳳同生，次皇子子期，與皇子子衡同生，次東平王子嗣，與始安王子真同生，杜容華生皇子子悅。 安陸王子綏、南平王子產、廬陵王子輿並出繼。 皇子子深、子鳳、子玄、子衡、子況、子文、子雍未封，早夭。 子趨、子期、子悅未封，為明帝所殺。
Emperor Xiaowu had twenty-eight sons. Empress Wenmu bore the Deposed Emperor Ziye and Yuzhang Prince Zi Shang. Lady Chen bore Jin'an Prince Zi Xun. Ruan Ronghua bore Anlu Prince Zi Sui. Xu Zhaorong bore Prince Zi Shen. He Shuyi bore Songzi Marquis Zi Fang. Shi Zhaohua bore Linhai Prince Zi Xu. Noble Consort Yin bore Shiping Xiaojing Prince Zi Luan, then Yongjia Prince Zi Ren (twins with Prince Zi Shen). Lady He bore Prince Zi Feng. Xie Zhaorong bore Shi'an Prince Zi Zhen. Lady Jiang bore Prince Zi Xuan. Lady Shi bore Shaoling Prince Zi Yuan, then Qi Jing Prince Zi Yu (twins with Shiping Xiaojing Prince Zi Luan). Lady Jiang bore Prince Zi Heng. Lady Yang bore Huainan Prince Zi Meng, then Prince Zi Kuang (twins with Prince Zi Xuan), then Nanping Prince Zi Chan (twins with Yongjia Prince Zi Ren), then Jinling Xiao Prince Zi Yun and Prince Zi Wen (all twins with Shiping Xiaojing Prince Zi Luan), then Luling Prince Zi Yu (twins with Huainan Prince Zi Meng), then Nanhai Ai Prince Zi Shi (twins with Shiping Xiaojing Prince Zi Luan), then Huaiyang Si Prince Zi Xiao (twins with Prince Zi Xuan), then Prince Zi Yong (twins with Shi'an Prince Zi Zhen), then Prince Zi Qu (twins with Prince Zi Feng), then Prince Zi Qi (twins with Prince Zi Heng), then Dongping Prince Zi Si (twins with Shi'an Prince Zi Zhen). Du Ronghua bore Prince Zi Yue. Anlu Prince Zi Sui, Nanping Prince Zi Chan, and Luling Prince Zi Yu were all given in adoption to continue other lines. Princes Zi Shen, Zi Feng, Zi Xuan, Zi Heng, Zi Kuang, Zi Wen, and Zi Yong were never enfeoffed and died in childhood. Zi Qu, Zi Qi, and Zi Yue had received no fiefs when Emperor Ming had them put to death.
2
豫章王
Prince of Yuzhang
3
豫章王子尚字孝師，孝武帝第二子也。
Yuzhang Prince Zi Shang, whose style name was Xiaoshi, was Emperor Xiaowu's second son.
4
孝建三年，年六歲，封西陽王，食邑二千戶。 仍都督南徐兗二州諸軍事、北中郎將、南兗州刺史。 其年，遷揚州刺史。 大明二年，加撫軍將軍。 三年，分浙江西立王畿，以浙江東為揚州，命子尚都督揚州江州之鄱陽晉安建安三郡諸軍事、揚州刺史，將軍如故，給鼓吹一部。 五年，改封豫章王，戶邑如先，領會稽太守。 七年，加使持節，進號車騎將軍。 其年，又加散騎常侍，以本號開府儀同三司。 時東土大旱，鄞縣多疁田，世祖使子尚上表至鄞縣勸農。 又立左學，召生徒，置儒林祭酒一人，學生師敬，位比州治中； 文學祭酒一人，比西曹； 勸學從事二人，比祭酒從事。 前廢帝即位，罷王畿復舊，徵子尚都督揚、南徐二州諸軍事，領尚書令，解督東揚州，餘如故。
In the third year of the Xiaojian era, when he was six, he was made Prince of Xiyang with a fief of two thousand households. At the same time he was appointed to command the armies of Southern Xu and Yan, with the titles Northern Central Army General and Governor of Southern Yan. That year he was reassigned as Governor of Yangzhou. In the second year of Daming he received the additional title General Who Pacifies the Army. In the third year the court carved out the lands west of the Zhe River as the royal domain and made the eastern bank Yangzhou. Zi Shang was ordered to command Yangzhou and Jiangzhou's Poyang, Jin'an, and Jian'an commanderies, retaining his general's rank as Governor of Yangzhou, and was granted a full ensemble of martial music. In the fifth year his title was changed to Prince of Yuzhang with the same fief as before, and he served concurrently as Governor of Kuaiji. In the seventh year he received the Staff of Authority and was advanced to General of Chariots and Cavalry. That year he was further named Regular Attendant of the Scattered Cavalry and, while keeping his existing rank, was granted an establishment with privileges equal to the Three Excellencies. The eastern provinces were then in severe drought, and Yin County had extensive terraced fields. The Emperor sent Zi Shang to submit a memorial and travel to Yin County to promote farming. He also founded a left academy, enrolled students, and appointed a Libationer of the Forest of Scholars whom the students were to honor as their teacher, with rank comparable to a provincial aide; one Libationer of Letters, equal in standing to the western bureau; and two aides for encouraging study, each with rank comparable to an aide of the libationers. After the Former Deposed Emperor took the throne, the royal domain was abolished and the old administrative divisions restored. Zi Shang was recalled to command Yang and Southern Xu, appointed Director of the Secretariat, and relieved of his authority over Eastern Yangzhou; his other titles remained unchanged.
5
初，孝建中，世祖以子尚太子母弟，上甚留心。 後新安王子鸞以母幸見愛，子尚之寵稍衰。 既長，人才凡劣，凶慝有廢帝風。 太宗殞廢帝，稱太皇后令曰：「子尚頑凶極悖，行乖天理。 楚玉淫亂縱慝，義絕人經。 並可於第賜盡。」 子尚時年十六。
Early on, during the Xiaojian era, the Emperor took a keen interest in Zi Shang because he was the crown prince's younger brother by the same mother. Later Xin'an Prince Zi Luan won the Emperor's affection through his mother's favor, and Zi Shang's standing gradually declined. As he grew older, his abilities proved mediocre, and his cruelty matched the Deposed Emperor's character. After Emperor Ming killed the Deposed Emperor, he issued an edict in the Grand Empress Dowager's name: "Zi Shang is utterly stubborn and depraved, and his conduct defies Heaven's law. Chuyu has indulged in lewdness and unrestrained vice, breaking every bond of human decency. Let both be granted death in their own residences." Zi Shang was sixteen at the time.
6
楚玉，山陰公主也。 廢帝改封為會稽郡長公主，食湯沐邑二千戶，給鼓吹一部，加班劍二十人。 未及拜受而廢帝敗。 楚玉肆情淫縱，以尚書吏部郎褚淵貌美，請自侍十日，廢帝許之。 淵雖承旨而行，以死自固，楚玉不能制也。
Chuyu was the Princess of Shanyin. The Deposed Emperor re-enfeoffed her as Grand Princess of Kuaiji, with a fief of two thousand households for her upkeep, a full ensemble of martial music, and twenty armed attendants bearing ceremonial swords. She had not yet received the investiture when the Deposed Emperor was overthrown. Chuyu gave free rein to her lust. Finding Chu Yuan of the Secretariat's Ministry of Personnel handsome, she asked to keep him in attendance for ten days, and the Deposed Emperor agreed. Yuan outwardly obeyed the order but held himself firm even at the risk of death, and Chuyu could not prevail over him.
7
晉安王
Prince of Jin'an
8
晉安王子勛字孝德，孝武帝第三子也。
Jin'an Prince Zi Xun, whose style name was Xiaode, was Emperor Xiaowu's third son.
9
大明四年，年五歲，封晉安王，食邑二千戶。 仍都督南兗州徐州之東海諸軍事、征虜將軍、南兗州刺史。 七年，改督江州南豫州之晉熙新蔡郢州之西陽三郡諸軍事、前將軍、江州刺史。 八年，遷使持節、都督雍梁南北秦四州郢州之竟陵隨二郡諸軍事、鎮軍將軍、寧蠻校尉、雍州刺史。 未拜而世祖崩，以鎮軍將軍還為江州，本官如故。 眼患風，為世祖所不愛。 景和元年，加使持節。
In the fourth year of Daming, when he was five, he was made Prince of Jin'an with a fief of two thousand households. He was simultaneously appointed to command Southern Yan and Xuzhou's Donghai commandery, with the titles General Who Pacifies the Barbarians and Governor of Southern Yan. In the seventh year his command was shifted to Jiangzhou, Southern Yuzhou's Jinxing and Xincai, and Yingzhou's Xiyang, with the titles Forward General and Governor of Jiangzhou. In the eighth year he was reassigned as Bearer of the Staff of Authority to command Yong, Liang, Northern Qin, and Southern Qin, along with Yingzhou's Jingling and Sui, with the titles General Who Pacifies the Army, Colonel Pacifying the Barbarians, and Governor of Yong. Before he could assume the new post, the Emperor died. He returned to Jiangzhou as General Who Pacifies the Army, retaining his previous titles. He suffered from an eye ailment, and the Emperor did not favor him. In the first year of Jinghe he received the Staff of Authority.
10
時廢帝狂凶，多所誅害。 前撫軍諮議參軍何邁少好武，頗招集才力之士。 邁先尚太祖女新蔡公主，帝詐云主薨，殺宮人代之，顯加殯葬，而納主於後宮。 深忌邁，邁慮禍及，謀因帝出行為變，迎立子勛。 事泄，帝自率宿衞兵誅邁，使八座奏子勛與邁通謀。 又手詔子勛曰：「何邁殺我立汝，汝自計孰若孝武邪？ 可自為其所。」 遣左右朱景雲送藥賜子勛死。 景雲至盆口，停不進，遣信使報長史鄧琬。 琬等因奉子勛起兵，以廢立為名。
The Deposed Emperor was then violently deranged and executed many people. He Mai, formerly an adviser on the staff of the General Who Pacifies the Army, had loved martial pursuits since youth and gathered many men of strength and ability. Mai had earlier married the Grand Princess of Xincai, a daughter of Emperor Taizu. The Emperor falsely announced her death, killed a palace woman to stand in for her at the funeral, staged a public burial, and took the princess into his inner quarters. The Emperor deeply hated Mai. Fearing for his life, Mai plotted to raise a coup when the Emperor traveled abroad and install Zi Xun on the throne. When the plot was exposed, the Emperor personally led the palace guard to execute Mai and had the Eight Excellencies report that Zi Xun had conspired with him. He also sent Zi Xun a personal edict: "He Mai means to kill me and put you on the throne. Do you truly think yourself the equal of Emperor Xiaowu? Do as you think best for yourself." He sent his attendant Zhu Jingyun with poison to grant Zi Xun death. Jingyun reached Penkou, halted without advancing, and sent a messenger to inform Chief Administrator Deng Wan. Wan and his colleagues then raised troops in Zi Xun's name, proclaiming their cause the removal of a tyrant and the enthronement of a legitimate ruler.
11
太宗定亂，進子勛號車騎將軍、開府儀同三司。 琬等不受命，傳檄京邑。 泰始二年正月七日，奉子勛為帝，即偽位於尋陽城，年號義嘉元年，備置百官，四方並響應，威震天下。 是歲四方貢計，並詣尋陽。 遣左衞將軍孫沖之等下據赭圻，又遣豫州刺史劉胡率大眾來屯鵲尾，又遣安北將軍袁顗總統眾軍。 臺軍屯據錢谿，斷顗等糧援，胡遣將攻之，大敗，於是焚營遁走。 顗聞胡去，亦棄眾南奔。 沈攸之諸軍至尋陽，誅子勛及其母，同逆皆夷滅。 子勛死時年十一，即葬尋陽廬山。
After Emperor Ming restored order, he promoted Zi Xun to General of Chariots and Cavalry with privileges equal to the Three Excellencies. Wan and his allies refused to obey and circulated a proclamation to the capital. On the seventh day of the first month of the second year of Taishi they proclaimed Zi Xun emperor. He took the rebel throne at Xunyang, adopted the era name Yijia, appointed a full bureaucracy, and drew responses from every quarter until his power seemed to shake the realm. That year the provincial tribute reports from across the realm were all sent to Xunyang. He sent Left Guards General Sun Chongzhi and others to seize Zheqi downstream, dispatched Governor of Yuzhou Liu Hu with a large force to encamp at Quewei, and appointed General Who Pacifies the North Yuan Yi supreme commander of the armies. The imperial armies held Qianxi and cut off Yuan Yi's supply lines. Liu Hu sent generals to attack them but was routed and burned his camps before fleeing. When Yuan Yi learned that Liu Hu had fled, he too abandoned his army and fled south. When Shen Youzhi's armies reached Xunyang, they executed Zi Xun and his mother and exterminated all who had joined the rebellion. Zi Xun was eleven when he died and was buried at once on Mount Lu near Xunyang.
12
松滋侯
Marquis of Songzi
13
松滋侯子房字孝良，孝武帝第六子也。
Songzi Marquis Zi Fang, whose style name was Xiaoliang, was Emperor Xiaowu's sixth son.
14
大明四年，年五歲，封尋陽王，食邑二千戶。 仍為冠軍將軍、淮南宣城二郡太守。 五年，遷豫州刺史，將軍、淮南太守如故。 六年，改領宣城太守。 七年，進號右將軍，解宣城，餘如故。 前廢帝永光元年，遷東揚州刺史，將軍如故。 景和元年，罷東揚州，子房以本號督會稽東陽新安臨海永嘉五郡諸軍事、會稽太守。
In the fourth year of Daming, when he was five, he was made Prince of Xunyang with a fief of two thousand households. He was simultaneously appointed Champion General and Governor of Huainan and Xuancheng. In the fifth year he was reassigned as Governor of Yuzhou while retaining his rank as general and his post as Governor of Huainan. In the sixth year he was reassigned to govern Xuancheng. In the seventh year he was promoted to General of the Right and relieved of Xuancheng; his other titles remained unchanged. In the first year of Yongguang under the Former Deposed Emperor, he was reassigned as Governor of Eastern Yangzhou while keeping his rank as general. In the first year of Jinghe Eastern Yangzhou was abolished. Zi Fang retained his existing rank while being appointed to command Kuaiji, Dongyang, Xin'an, Linhai, and Yongjia, and to serve as Governor of Kuaiji.
15
太宗即位，改督為都督，進號安東將軍，太守如故。 又徵為撫軍，領太常。 長史孔覬不受命，舉兵反，應晉安王。 子勛即偽位，進子房號車騎將軍、開府儀同三司。 三吳晉陵並受命於覬。 太宗遣衞將軍巴陵王休若督諸將吳喜等東討，戰無不捷，以次平定。 上虞令王晏起兵殺覬，囚子房，送還京都，上宥之，貶為松滋縣侯，食邑千戶。
When Emperor Ming took the throne, Zi Fang's supervisory command was elevated to full commandership, he was promoted to General Who Pacifies the East, and he retained his post as governor. He was also recalled to serve as General Who Pacifies the Army and concurrently as Minister of Rites. Chief Administrator Kong Xian refused to obey, raised troops in revolt, and rallied to Jin'an Prince. When Zi Xun took the rebel throne, he promoted Zi Fang to General of Chariots and Cavalry with privileges equal to the Three Excellencies. The Three Wu commanderies and Jinling all submitted to Kong Xian's authority. Emperor Ming sent Guards General Prince of Baling Xiu Ruo to lead generals including Wu Xi in an eastern campaign. They won every battle and pacified the region step by step. Shangyu Magistrate Wang Yan raised troops, killed Kong Xian, imprisoned Zi Fang, and sent him to the capital. The Emperor spared his life but demoted him to Marquis of Songzi with a fief of one thousand households.
16
司徒建安王休仁以子房兄弟終為禍難，勸上除之。 乃下詔曰：「不虞之釁，著自終古，情為法屈，聖達是遵。 朕埽穢定傾，再全寶業，遠惟鴻基，猥當負荷。 思弘治道，務盡敦睦，而妖豎遘扇，妄造異圖。 自西南阻兵，東夏侵斥，都邸羣凶，密相脣齒。 路休之兄弟，專作謀主，規興禍亂，令舍人嚴龍覘覦宮省，以羽林出討，宿衞單罄，候隙伺間，將謀竊發。 劉祗在蕃，規相應援，通言北寇，引令過淮。 頃休範濟江，潛欲拒捍，賴卜祚靈長，姦回弗逞。 陰慝已露，宜盡憲辟，實以方難未夷，曲加遵養。 今王化帖泰，宜辨忠邪，涓流不壅，燎火難滅。 便可委之有司，肅正刑典。 松滋侯子房等淪陷逆徒，協同醜悖，遂與籤帥羣小，潛通南釁，連結祗等，還圖朕躬。 雖咎戾已彰，在法無宥，猶子之情，良所未忍。 可廢為庶人，徙付遠郡。」 於是並殺之。 子房時年十一。
Director of the Secretariat Prince of Jian'an Xiu Ren argued that Zi Fang and his brothers would ultimately bring disaster and urged the Emperor to eliminate them. He then issued an edict: "Unforeseen disasters have been known since antiquity. Even affection must yield to law—this is what the sage ruler follows. We have swept away corruption and righted the tottering state, twice restoring the imperial enterprise. Contemplating the great foundation laid by our forebears, we unworthily bear its weight. We sought to broaden the path of good government and nurture every bond of kinship, yet wicked men have stirred rebellion and recklessly plotted treason. Rebellion has blocked the southwest and encroached on the eastern provinces, while villains in the capital have secretly acted in concert. The brothers Lu Xiuzhi served as chief conspirators, plotting to stir rebellion. They ordered Attendant Yan Long to spy on the palace. With the Feathered Forest guards sent on campaign, the night watch was left bare, and they waited for an opening to launch a coup. Liu Zhi, holding a princely fief, planned to lend support and spread reports of northern invasion to draw enemy forces across the Huai. When Xiu Fan recently crossed the Yangzi, he secretly sought to resist us, but Heaven's favor proved enduring and the traitors could not succeed. Their hidden crimes had been exposed and they deserved full punishment under the law, but because rebellion still raged in the provinces, we showed them undue forbearance. Now that royal order is secure, loyalty and treachery must be distinguished. If trickling streams are not dammed, prairie fires cannot be extinguished. Let them be handed over to the proper authorities to enforce the law with full rigor. Songzi Marquis Zi Fang and others fell in with the rebels and joined their vile schemes. They conspired with petty military leaders, secretly communicated with the southern rebellion, allied with Liu Zhi and his associates, and plotted against us. Though their guilt was clear and the law allowed no mercy, the bond of father and son was more than we could bring ourselves to sever. Let them be deposed to commoner status and exiled to distant commanderies." They were then all put to death. Zi Fang was eleven at the time.
17
路休之等以崇憲太后既崩，自慮將來不立，不自安。 劉祗在南兗州，有志為逆。 嚴龍，太祖元嘉中，已為中書舍人、南臺御史，世祖又以為舍人，甚見委信。 景和、泰始之際，至越騎校尉，右軍將軍。 至是懷異端，故及於誅。
Lu Xiuzhi and his associates, fearing that with Empress Dowager Chongxian dead they would lose their standing, grew uneasy about the future. Liu Zhi, posted in Southern Yan, harbored rebellious ambitions. Yan Long had already served under Emperor Taizu during the Yuanjia era as Secretariat Attendant and Censor of the Southern Terrace. Emperor Xiaowu reappointed him as an attendant and placed great trust in him. By the transition from Jinghe to Taishi he had risen to Colonel of the Upland Cavalry and General of the Right. By then he harbored treacherous designs and was therefore executed.
18
臨海王
Prince of Linhai
19
臨海王子頊字孝列，孝武帝第七子也。
Linhai Prince Zi Xu, whose style name was Xiaolie, was Emperor Xiaowu's seventh son.
20
大明四年，年五歲，封歷陽王，食邑二千戶。 仍為冠軍將軍、吳興太守。 五年，改封臨海王，戶邑如先。 其年，遷使持節、都督廣交二州湘州之始興始安臨賀三郡諸軍事、征虜將軍、平越中郎將、廣州刺史。 未之鎮，徙荊州刺史，將軍如故。 八年，進號前將軍。
In the fourth year of Daming, when he was five, he was made Prince of Liyang with a fief of two thousand households. He was simultaneously appointed Champion General and Governor of Wuxing. In the fifth year his title was changed to Prince of Linhai with the same fief as before. That year he was reassigned as Bearer of the Staff of Authority to command Guang and Jiao, along with Xiangzhou's Shixing, Shi'an, and Linhe, with the titles General Who Pacifies the Barbarians, Central Army General Who Pacifies the Yue, and Governor of Guangzhou. Before he could assume the post he was reassigned as Governor of Jingzhou while retaining his rank as general. In the eighth year he was promoted to Forward General.
21
前廢帝即位，以本號都督荊、湘、雍、益、梁、寧、南北秦八州諸軍事，刺史如故。 明帝即位，解督雍州，以為鎮軍將軍、丹陽尹。 尋留本任，進督雍州，又進號平西將軍。 長史孔道存不受命，舉兵反，以應晉安王子勛。 子勛即偽位，進號衞將軍、開府儀同三司。 鵲尾奔敗，吳喜、張興世等軍至，子頊賜死，時年十一。 葬巴陵。
When the Former Deposed Emperor took the throne, Zi Xu retained his existing rank while being appointed to command Jing, Xiang, Yong, Yi, Liang, Ning, Northern Qin, and Southern Qin; his post as governor remained unchanged. When Emperor Ming took the throne, Zi Xu was relieved of his command over Yong and appointed General Who Pacifies the Army and Intendant of Danyang. He soon retained his original post, was given command over Yong, and was further promoted to General Who Pacifies the West. Chief Administrator Kong Daocun refused to obey, raised troops in revolt, and rallied to Jin'an Prince Zi Xun. When Zi Xun took the rebel throne, he promoted Zi Xu to Guards General with privileges equal to the Three Excellencies. After the rout at Quewei, the armies of Wu Xi, Zhang Xingshi, and others arrived. Zi Xu was ordered to take his own life. He was eleven at the time. He was buried at Baling.
22
始平王
Prince of Shiping
23
始平孝敬王子鸞字孝羽，孝武帝第八子也。
Shiping Xiaojing Prince Zi Luan, whose style name was Xiaoyu, was Emperor Xiaowu's eighth son.
24
大明四年，年五歲，封襄陽王，食邑二千戶。 仍為東中郎將、吳郡太守。 其年，改封新安王，戶邑如先。 五年，遷北中郎將、南徐州刺史，領南琅邪太守。 母殷淑儀，寵傾後宮，子鸞愛冠諸子，凡為上所盼遇者，莫不入子鸞之府、國。 及為南徐州，又割吳郡以屬之。
In the fourth year of Daming, when he was five, he was made Prince of Xiangyang with a fief of two thousand households. He was simultaneously appointed Eastern Central Army General and Governor of Wu commandery. That year his title was changed to Prince of Xin'an with the same fief as before. In the fifth year he was reassigned as Northern Central Army General and Governor of Southern Xu, while also serving as Governor of Southern Langye. His mother Lady Yin Shuyi enjoyed unrivaled favor in the inner palace. Zi Luan was more beloved than any of his brothers, and whatever the Emperor favored was given to Zi Luan's household and fief. When he became Governor of Southern Xu, Wu commandery was also detached and placed under his authority.
25
六年，丁母憂。 追進淑儀為貴妃，班亞皇后，諡曰宣。 葬給轀輬車，虎賁、班劍，鑾輅九旒，黃屋左纛，前後部羽葆、鼓吹。 上自臨南掖門，臨過喪車，悲不自勝，左右莫不感動。 上痛愛不已，擬漢武李夫人賦，其詞曰：
In the sixth year he entered mourning for his mother. Lady Shuyi was posthumously elevated to Noble Consort, ranking just below the empress, with the posthumous title Xuan. Her funeral was granted a funeral carriage, Tiger Guards, ceremonial swords, an imperial carriage with nine tassels, a yellow canopy with the left banner, feathered parasols before and behind, and martial music. The Emperor went in person to the Southern Yeb Gate to watch the funeral carriage pass. He was overcome with grief, and all those around him were moved to tears. His grief and love would not subside. He composed a piece modeled on Emperor Wu of Han's Rhapsody on Lady Li, which reads:
26
:朕以亡事棄日，閱覽前王詞苑，見李夫人賦，悽其有懷，亦以嗟詠久之，因感而會焉。
Having idled away the day, I browsed the verse collections of former kings and came upon the Rhapsody on Lady Li. Its poignant feeling struck home, and I sighed over it at length before composing in response to that stirring.
27
:巡靈周之殘冊，略鴻漢之遺篆。 弔新宮之奄映，喭璧臺之蕪踐。 賦流波以謠思，詔河濟以崇典。 雖媛德之有載，竟滯悲其何遣。 訪物運之榮落，訊雲霞之舒卷。 念桂枝之秋霣，惜瑤華之春翦。 桂枝折兮沿歲傾，瑤華碎兮思聯情。 彤殿閉兮素塵積，翠戺蕪兮紫苔生。 寶羅暍兮春幌垂，珍簟空兮夏幬扃。 秋臺惻兮碧煙凝，冬宮冽兮朱火清。 流律有終，深心無歇。 徙倚雲日，裴回風月。 思玉步於鳳墀，想金聲於鸞闕。 竭方池而飛傷，損圜淵而流咽。 端蚤朝之晨罷，泛輦路之晚清。 轥南陸，蹕閶闔，轢北津，警承明。 面縞館之酸素，造松帳之葱青。 俛眾胤而慟興，撫藐女而悲生。 雖哀終其已切，將何慰於爾靈。 存飛榮於景路，沒申藻於服車。 垂葆旒於昭術，竦鸞劍於清都。 朝有儷於徵準，禮無替於粹圖。 閟瑤光之密陛，宮虛梁之餘陰。 俟玉羊之晨照，正金雞之夕臨。 升雲鼛以引思，鏘鴻鐘以節音。 文七星於霜野，旗二燿於寒林。 中雲枝之夭秀，寓坎泉之曾岑。 屈封嬴之自古，申反周乎在今。 遣雙靈兮達孝思，附孤魂兮展慈心。 伊鞠報之必至，諒顯晦之同深。 予棄西楚之齊化，略東門之遙䘳。 淪漣兩拍之傷，奄抑七萃之箴。
I toured the remnant chronicles of numinous Zhou and skimmed the surviving records of vast Han. I mourned the new palace suddenly dimmed and lamented the jade terrace overgrown and trodden underfoot. I composed on flowing waves to voice my longing and invoked the Yellow River and the Ji to exalt ritual precedent. Though her fair virtue was recorded in history, in the end my grief lingered with no way to send it away. I inquired into the glory and decline of worldly fortune and pondered how cloud and mist spread and roll away. I thought on the cassia branch falling in autumn and grieved the jade blossom cut down in spring. The cassia branch breaks, and the years topple with it; the jade blossom shatters, and longing binds my heart. The crimson hall is shut, and plain dust gathers; the green threshold lies overgrown, and purple moss spreads. Precious gauze lies still, the spring curtain hanging; the fine mat stands empty, the summer screen barred shut. The autumn terrace is mournful, azure mist congealing; the winter palace is chill, the vermilion flame burning clear. The turning seasons have their end, but the deep heart knows no rest. I lingered beneath cloud and sun and wandered with wind and moon. I thought on her jade steps at the phoenix terrace and recalled her golden voice at the luan gate-tower. I drained the square pool with soaring grief and choked my sobs at the round abyss. I attended the dawn close of the early court and drifted along the imperial road in late clear dusk. The wheels rolled over the southern causeway, the procession halted at Changhe Gate, passed the northern ford, and alerted Chengm ing Palace. I faced the white mourning lodge in its stark plainness and came to the pine canopy in verdant green. I bowed to his many descendants and grief rose; I stroked his tiny daughter and sorrow was born anew. Though my mourning at the end was already keen, what could comfort your spirit? In life she bore soaring glory on the bright road; in death elegiac ornament extends upon the funeral carriage. Feathered tassels hung along the luminous avenue; luan swords stood tall in the pure capital. At court she had her place at the marked standard; in ritual none could replace her in the pure design. The jade radiance of the secret steps was shut away; the palace stood empty beneath the beam's lingering shade. I awaited the jade ram's morning shine and aligned the golden cock's evening approach. I raised the cloud drum to draw forth my thoughts and rang the great bell to mark the tones. I patterned the Seven Stars on the frosted wilds and raised banners to the Two Luminaries in the cold woods. Centered was the cloud branch in early bloom, lodged in the layered heights of the pit spring. I bent the enfeoffment of Ying from antiquity and declared the return to Zhou in the present day. I sent the paired spirits to convey filial devotion and attached the lone soul to unfold compassionate care. Surely the offering's return must come; I trust that manifest and hidden share the same depth. I abandoned the western Chu in its Qi transformation and sketched the eastern gate's distant mourning garment. Rippling grief in two beats, suddenly repressing the seven hosts' admonition.
28
又諷有司曰：「典禮云，天子有后，有夫人。 檀弓云，舜葬蒼梧，三妃不從。 昏義云，后立六宮，有三夫人。 然則三妃則三夫人也。 后之有三妃，猶天子之有三公也。 按周禮，三公八命，諸侯七命。 三公既尊於列國諸侯，三妃亦貴於庶邦夫人。 據春秋傳，仲子非魯惠公之元嫡，尚得考彼別宮； 今貴妃蓋天秩之崇班，理應創立新廟。」 尚書左丞徐爰之又議：「宣貴妃既加殊命，禮絕五宮，考之古典，顯有成據。 廟堂克構，宜選將作大匠卿。」
He also instructed the responsible offices: "The Ceremonial Canon states that the Son of Heaven has a queen and has consorts. The Zuo Tradition on the Sandalwood Bow records that when Shun was buried at Cangwu, his three consorts did not accompany the funeral. The Meaning of Marriage states that the queen establishes the six palaces and has three senior consorts. Thus the three consorts are the three senior ladies. The queen's three consorts correspond to the Son of Heaven's three dukes. According to the Rites of Zhou, the three dukes receive eight investitures and feudal lords receive seven. Just as the three dukes rank above the feudal lords of the various states, the three consorts rank above the principal ladies of ordinary states. According to the Spring and Autumn tradition, although Zhongzi was not Duke Hui of Lu's primary consort, she still received sacrifice in a separate shrine; The Noble Consort now holds a lofty rank in Heaven's order and ought by right to have a new shrine established for her." Left Director of the Secretariat Xu Aizhi further argued: "Since Consort Xuan has received an extraordinary appointment, her ritual stands apart from the five palaces. Examining ancient precedent, the case is clear. The shrine can be built; the Director of Works should be appointed."
29
葬畢，詔子鸞攝職，以本官兼司徒，進號撫軍、司徒，給鼓吹一部，禮儀並依正公。 又加都督南徐州諸軍事。 八年，加中書令，領司徒。 前廢帝即位，解中書令，領司徒，加持節之鎮。
After the burial, an edict ordered Zi Luan to assume his duties. He retained his existing office while concurrently serving as Director of the Secretariat, was promoted to General Who Pacifies the Army and Director of the Secretariat, was granted a full ensemble of martial music, and all ceremonial observances followed those of an orthodox duke. He was also appointed to command the armies of Southern Xu. In the eighth year he was appointed Director of the Secretariat while continuing to head that office. When the Former Deposed Emperor took the throne, Zi Luan was relieved of the Secretariat Directorship but retained the Secretariat as Director and held a garrison with the Staff of Authority.
30
帝素疾子鸞有寵，既誅羣公，乃遣使賜死，時年十歲。 子鸞臨死，謂左右曰：「願身不復生王家。」 同生弟妹並死，仍葬京口。 太宗即位，詔曰：「夫紓寃申痛，雖往必追，緣情惻愛，感事彌遠。 故使持節、都督南徐州諸軍事、撫軍將軍、南徐州刺史新安王子鸞，夙表成器，蚤延殊寵，方樹美業，克光蕃維。 而凶心肆忌，奄羅橫禍，興言永傷，有兼常懷，宜旍夭秀，以雪沈魂。 可贈使持節、侍中、都督南徐兗二州諸軍事、司徒、南徐州刺史，王如故。 第十二皇女、第二十二皇子子師，俱嬰謬酷，有增酸悼，皇女可贈縣公主，子師復先封為南海王，並加徽諡。」 又曰：「哀枉追遠，仁道所弘，興滅繼絕，盛典斯貴。 朕務古思治，恩禮必敷，異族猶敦，況在近戚。 故新除使持節、侍中、都督南徐兗二州諸軍事、司徒、南徐州刺史新安王子鸞，年雖沖弱，性識早茂，鍾慈世祖，冠寵列蕃。 值景和凶虐，橫羅酷禍，國胤無主，寃祀莫寄，尋念痛悼，夙軫于懷。 可以建平王景素息延延年字德沖，泰始四年薨，時年四歲，諡曰沖王。 明年，復以長沙王纂子延之為始平王，紹子鸞後。 順帝昇明三年薨，國除。
The Emperor had long resented Zi Luan's favored status. After executing the high ministers, he sent envoys to order Zi Luan to take his own life. He was ten at the time. Facing death, Zi Luan said to those beside him: "I wish never to be born again into a royal house." His younger siblings by the same mother were also put to death and buried at Jingkou. When Emperor Ming took the throne, he issued an edict: "To ease wrongs and voice grief—even the past must be pursued. Moved by tender affection, one is stirred by events ever more distant. The late Bearer of the Staff of Authority Xin'an Prince Zi Luan, who commanded the armies of Southern Xu as General Who Pacifies the Army and Governor of Southern Xu, showed promise from youth, received extraordinary favor early on, was just beginning to build a fine record, and could have brought glory to the imperial house. Yet a vicious heart indulged jealousy and suddenly engulfed him in calamity. To speak of it wounds forever, beyond ordinary grief. Let his early promise be honored with banners to cleanse his sunken soul. Let him be posthumously granted the Staff of Authority, Palace Attendant, command of Southern Xu and Yan, the Secretariat Directorship, and the governorship of Southern Xu, with his princedom unchanged. The twelfth imperial daughter and the twenty-second prince Zi Shi both suffered cruel wrong, deepening our grief. The imperial daughter may be posthumously granted the title County Grand Princess. Zi Shi, previously enfeoffed as Prince of Nanhai, and both shall receive honorific posthumous titles." The edict also stated: "To pity the wronged and honor the distant is the path of humaneness. To restore what perished and continue what was cut off is the grand ceremony most honored. We devote ourselves to antiquity and seek good order. Favor and ritual must be extended generously—even to foreign peoples—how much more to close kin. The late Xin'an Prince Zi Luan, recently granted the Staff of Authority, Palace Attendant, command of Southern Xu and Yan, the Secretariat Directorship, and the governorship of Southern Xu, was young in years but showed early maturity. He received Emperor Xiaowu's affection and stood foremost in favor among the feudal princes. He met the vicious cruelty of the Jinghe reign and was suddenly engulfed in harsh calamity. The imperial heir was left without support, and grievance offerings had nowhere to rest. To recall it pains us still, long weighing on our heart. Prince of Jianping Jing Su's son Yan Yan, whose style name was Dechong, may succeed him. He died in the fourth year of Taishi at age four and received the posthumous title Prince Chong. The following year, Prince of Changsha Zuan's son Yan Zhi was made Prince of Shiping to continue Zi Luan's line. He died in the third year of Shengming under Emperor Shun, and the fief was abolished.
31
永嘉王
Prince of Yongjia
32
永嘉王子仁字孝和，孝武帝第九子也。
Yongjia Prince Zi Ren, whose style name was Xiaohe, was Emperor Xiaowu's ninth son.
33
大明五年，年五歲，監雍梁南北秦四州郢州之竟陵隨二郡諸軍事、北中郎將、寧蠻校尉、雍州刺史，封永嘉王，食邑二千戶。 仍遷東中郎將、吳郡太守。 六年，又遷丹陽尹。 七年，兼衞尉。 前廢帝即位，加征虜將軍，領衞尉，丹陽尹如故。 尋出為左將軍、南兗州刺史。 景和元年，遷南徐州刺史，將軍如故。 泰始元年，又遷中軍將軍，領太常。 未拜，徙護軍將軍。 四方平定，以為使持節、都督湘廣交三州諸軍事、平南將軍、湘州刺史。
In the fifth year of Daming, when he was five, he was appointed to supervise Yong, Liang, Northern Qin, and Southern Qin, along with Yingzhou's Jingling and Sui, with the titles Northern Central Army General, Colonel Pacifying the Barbarians, and Governor of Yong, and was made Prince of Yongjia with a fief of two thousand households. He was simultaneously reassigned as Eastern Central Army General and Governor of Wu commandery. In the sixth year he was reassigned as Intendant of Danyang. In the seventh year he concurrently served as Commandant of the Guards. When the Former Deposed Emperor took the throne, he was promoted to General Who Pacifies the Barbarians, retained the Commandant of the Guards, and kept his post as Intendant of Danyang. He was soon reassigned as General of the Left and Governor of Southern Yan. In the first year of Jinghe he was reassigned as Governor of Southern Xu while retaining his rank as general. In the first year of Taishi he was reassigned as Central Army General and concurrently as Minister of Rites. Before he could assume the post he was reassigned as General Who Protects the Army. After the realm was pacified, he was appointed Bearer of the Staff of Authority to command Xiang, Guang, and Jiao, with the titles General Who Pacifies the South and Governor of Xiangzhou.
34
太宗遣主書趙扶公宣旨於子仁曰：「汝一家門戶不建，幾覆社稷。 天未亡宋，景命集我。 上流迷愚相扇，四海同惡，若非我修德御天下，三祖基業，一朝墜地，汝輩便應淪於異族之手。 我昔兄弟近二十人，零落相繼，存者無幾。 唯司徒年長，令德作輔，皇家門戶所憑，唯我與司徒二人而已，尚未能厭百姓姦心，餘諸王亦未堪贊治。 我惟有太子一人，司徒世子，年又幼弱，桂陽、巴陵並未有繼體，正賴汝輩兄弟，相倚為強，庶使天下不敢闚覘王室。 汝輩始十餘歲，裁知俛仰，當今諸舍細弱，殆不免人輕陵。 若非我為主，劉氏不辦今日。 汝諸兄弟沖眇，為羣凶所逼誤，遂與百姓還圖骨肉，於汝在心，不得無愧。 即日四海就寧，恩化方始，方今處汝湘州。 汝年漸長，足知善惡，當每思刻厲，奉朝廷為心，爵秩自然與年俱進。 我垂猶子之情，著於萬物； 汝亦當知好，憶我敕旨。」 時司徒建安王休仁南討猶未還，既還白上，以將來非社稷計，宜並為之所。 未拜，賜死，時年十歲。
Emperor Ming sent Chief Clerk Zhao Fugong to proclaim the imperial will to Zi Ren: "Your whole house failed to establish itself and nearly overturned the altars of state. Heaven has not yet abandoned Song; the bright mandate rests upon me. The upper Yangzi provinces deluded one another in folly, and the realm shared a common evil. Had I not cultivated virtue to rule the realm, the foundation laid by our three ancestors would have collapsed in a single morning, and you would have fallen into the hands of foreign peoples. I once had nearly twenty brothers. They have fallen away one after another, and few remain. Only the Director of the Secretariat is the elder, a man of fine virtue who supports the throne. The royal house depends on the two of us alone. We have not yet been able to quiet the people's treacherous hearts, and the remaining princes are not fit to assist in governance. I have only the crown prince. The Director's heir is still young, and Guiyang and Baling both lack heirs. I rely on you brothers to support one another so that the realm will not dare cast covetous eyes on the royal house. You are barely more than ten and scarcely know how to bow and rise. The various princely households are now weak and can hardly escape being bullied by others. If I were not ruler, the house of Liu would not have survived to this day. You brothers are young and tender, misled and driven by villains until you joined the people in plotting against your own kin. In your hearts you cannot be without shame. From this day the realm is at peace and gracious rule is just beginning. For now you are posted to Xiangzhou. As you grow older you will know good from evil. Always discipline yourself strictly, take serving the court as your guiding principle, and rank and title will naturally advance with your years. My affection for you as a nephew is shown in all I do; and you too should know what is good and remember my edict." At that time Director of the Secretariat Prince of Jian'an Xiu Ren had not yet returned from the southern campaign. When he returned he reported that these princes boded ill for the state and that action should be taken against them all. Before he could assume his post he was ordered to take his own life. He was ten at the time.
35
始安王
Prince of Shi'an
36
始安王子真字孝貞，孝武帝第十一子。
Shi'an Prince Zi Zhen, whose style name was Xiaozhen, was Emperor Xiaowu's eleventh son.
37
大明五年，年五歲，封始安王，食邑二千戶。 仍為輔國將軍、吳興太守。 七年，遷使持節、監廣交二州湘州之始興始安臨賀三郡諸軍事、平越中郎將、廣州刺史，將軍如故，不之鎮。 遷征虜將軍、南彭城太守，領石頭戍事。 景和元年，為丹陽尹，將軍如故。 尋復為南兗州刺史，將軍如故。 泰始二年，遷左將軍、丹陽尹。 未拜，賜死，時年十歲。
In the fifth year of Daming, when he was five, he was made Prince of Shi'an with a fief of two thousand households. He was simultaneously appointed General Who Assists the State and Governor of Wuxing. In the seventh year he was reassigned as Bearer of the Staff of Authority to supervise Guang and Jiao, along with Xiangzhou's Shixing, Shi'an, and Linhe, with the titles Central Army General Who Pacifies the Yue and Governor of Guangzhou, while retaining his rank as general. He did not take up the post. He was reassigned as General Who Pacifies the Barbarians and Governor of Southern Pengcheng, and placed in charge of the garrison at Stone City. In the first year of Jinghe he was appointed Intendant of Danyang while retaining his rank as general. He was soon reassigned as Governor of Southern Yan while retaining his rank as general. In the second year of Taishi he was reassigned as General of the Left and Intendant of Danyang. Before he could assume his post he was ordered to take his own life. He was ten at the time.
38
邵陵王
Prince of Shaoling
39
邵陵王子元字孝善，孝武帝第十三子也。
Shaoling Prince Zi Yuan, whose style name was Xiaoshan, was Emperor Xiaowu's thirteenth son.
40
大明六年，年五歲，封邵陵王，食邑二千戶。 八年，以為度支校尉、秦南沛二郡太守。 仍為冠軍將軍、南琅邪泰山二郡太守。
In the sixth year of Daming, when he was five, he was made Prince of Shaoling with a fief of two thousand households. In the eighth year he was appointed Colonel of Revenue and Governor of Qin and Nanpei. He was simultaneously appointed Champion General and Governor of Southern Langye and Taishan.
41
景和元年，出為湘州刺史，將軍如故，未之鎮。 至尋陽，值晉安王子勛為逆，留不之鎮。 進號撫軍將軍。 事平，賜死，時年九歲。
In the first year of Jinghe he was sent out as Governor of Xiangzhou while retaining his rank as general. He did not take up the post. When he reached Xunyang, Jin'an Prince Zi Xun had risen in rebellion, so he remained there and did not proceed to his post. He was promoted to General Who Pacifies the Army. After the rebellion was suppressed he was ordered to take his own life. He was nine at the time.
42
齊敬王
Prince of Qi Jing
43
齊敬王子羽字孝英，孝武帝第十四子也。 大明二年生，三年卒，追加封諡。
Qi Jing Prince Zi Yu, whose style name was Xiaoying, was Emperor Xiaowu's fourteenth son. He was born in the second year of Daming and died in the third. Enfeoffment and a posthumous title were granted retroactively.
44
淮南王
Prince of Huainan
45
淮南王子孟字孝光，孝武帝第十六子也。
Huainan Prince Zi Meng, whose style name was Xiaoguang, was Emperor Xiaowu's sixteenth son.
46
大明七年，年五歲，封淮南王，食邑二千戶。 時世祖改豫州之南梁郡為淮南國，罷南豫州之淮南郡并宣城。 前廢帝即位，二郡並復舊，子孟仍國名度食淮南郡。 景和元年，為冠軍將軍、南琅邪彭城二郡太守。 泰始二年，改封安成王，戶邑如先。 未拜，賜死，時年八歲。
In the seventh year of Daming, when he was five, he was made Prince of Huainan with a fief of two thousand households. At that time the Emperor changed Yuzhou's Southern Liang commandery into the state of Huainan and abolished Southern Yuzhou's Huainan commandery, merging it with Xuancheng. When the Former Deposed Emperor took the throne, both commanderies were restored to their former status. Zi Meng retained the state name and drew his fief income from Huainan commandery. In the first year of Jinghe he was appointed Champion General and Governor of Southern Langye and Pengcheng. In the second year of Taishi his title was changed to Prince of Ancheng with the same fief as before. Before he could assume his post he was ordered to take his own life. He was eight at the time.
47
晉陵孝王
Prince of Jinling Xiao
48
晉陵孝王子雲字孝舉，孝武帝第十九子也。 大明六年，年四歲，封晉陵王，食邑二千戶。 未拜，其年薨。
Jinling Xiao Prince Zi Yun, whose style name was Xiaoju, was Emperor Xiaowu's nineteenth son. In the sixth year of Daming, when he was four, he was made Prince of Jinling with a fief of two thousand households. Before he could assume his post he died that same year.
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南海王
Prince of Nanhai
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南海哀王子師字孝友，孝武帝第二十二子也。
Nanhai Ai Prince Zi Shi, whose style name was Xiaoyou, was Emperor Xiaowu's twenty-second son.
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大明七年，年四歲，封南海王，食邑二千戶。 未拜，景和元年，為前廢帝所害，時年六歲。 太宗即位，追諡。
In the seventh year of Daming, when he was four, he was made Prince of Nanhai with a fief of two thousand households. Before he could assume his post, he was killed by the Former Deposed Emperor in the first year of Jinghe. He was six at the time. When Emperor Ming took the throne, a posthumous title was granted.
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淮陽王
Prince of Huaiyang
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淮陽思王子霄，字孝雲，孝武帝第二十三子也。 大明五年生，八年薨，追加封諡。
Huaiyang Si Prince Zi Xiao, whose style name was Xiaoyun, was Emperor Xiaowu's twenty-third son. He was born in the fifth year of Daming and died in the eighth. Enfeoffment and a posthumous title were granted retroactively.
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東平王
Prince of Dongping
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東平王子嗣字孝叔，孝武帝第二十七子也。
Dongping Prince Zi Si, whose style name was Xiaoshu, was Emperor Xiaowu's twenty-seventh son.
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大明七年生，仍封東平王，食邑二千戶。 繼東平沖王休倩。 休倩母顏性理嚴酷，泰始二年，子嗣所生母景寧園昭容謝上表曰：「故東平沖王休倩託荄璿極，岐嶷夙表，降年弗永，遺胤莫傳。 孝武皇帝敕妾子臣子嗣出繼為後，既承國祀，方奉烝薦，庶覃遐慶，式延于遠。 而妾顏訓養非恩，撫導乖理，情闕引進，義違負螟。 昔世祖平日，詭申慈愛； 崩背未幾，真性便發，猶逼畏崇憲，少欲藏掩。 自茲以後，專縱嚴酷，實顯布宗戚，宣灼宮闈，用傷人倫，爰惻行路。 妾天屬冥至，感切實深，伏願乾渥廣臨，曲垂照賜，復改命還依本屬，則妾母子雖隕之辰，猶生之年。」 許之。 其年賜死，時年四歲。
Born in the seventh year of Daming, he was at once made Prince of Dongping with a fief of two thousand households. He succeeded Dongping Chong Prince Xiu Qian as heir. Xiu Qian's mother Yan was by nature harsh and cruel. In the second year of Taishi, Zi Si's birth mother Lady Xie, Attendant of Jingning Garden, submitted a memorial: "The late Dongping Chong Prince Xiu Qian was entrusted to the imperial house, showed keen intelligence from youth, but died young and left no heir. Emperor Xiaowu ordered my son Zi Si to be given in adoption as his successor. Having received the state's sacrifices, he was just beginning to offer the seasonal rites, hoping to spread blessing far into the future. Yet Lady Yan's nurturing was not kind, her guidance contrary to reason, her affection failing to nurture him, her conduct violating the duty owed to an adopted son. In former days, during the Emperor's lifetime, she only pretended affection; not long after his death her true nature emerged, yet still constrained by fear of Empress Dowager Chongxian, she tried somewhat to conceal it. From then on she indulged solely in harsh cruelty, displaying it openly among the imperial kin and throughout the inner palace, wounding human decency and moving all who heard to pity. Your servant's kin has reached the dark realm, and my grief cuts deep. I prostrate myself hoping for your broad favor: change the command and let him return to his original status. Then for mother and son, though we face ruin, it would still be as though we lived." The request was granted. That year he was ordered to take his own life. He was four at the time.
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武陵王
Prince of Wuling
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武陵王贊字仲敷，明帝第九子也。 泰始六年生。 其年，詔曰：「世祖孝武皇帝雖恃尊墯惠，勳狹政弛，樂飲無饜，事因於寧泰，任威縱費，義緣於務寡。 故以積怨動天，流殃胤嗣，景和肇釁，義嘉成禍，世祖繼體，陷憲無遺。 昔皇家中圮，含生懼滅，賴英孝感奮，掃雪寃恥，勳纘墜歷，拯茲窮氓。 繼絕追遠，禮訓攸尚，況既帝且兄，而缺斯典。 今以第九子智隨奉世祖為子，武陵郡大明之世，事均代邦，可封智隨武陵王，食邑五千戶。 尋世祖一門女累不少，既無釐總，義須防閑，諸侯雖不得祖稱天子，而事有一家之切。 且歸寧有所，疹疾相營，得失是任，閨房有稟。 朕應天在位，恩深九族，庶此足申追睦之懷，敷愛之旨。」
Wuling Prince Zan, whose style name was Zhongfu, was Emperor Ming's ninth son. He was born in the sixth year of Taishi. That year an edict stated: "Although Emperor Xiaowu relied on his exalted rank and lavished favor, his achievements were narrow and governance lax. He delighted in drink without restraint. Affairs arose from excessive peace; he indulged authority and spent freely, and righteousness suffered because duties were neglected. Therefore accumulated resentment moved Heaven, and calamity flowed to his descendants. Jinghe began the strife, Yijia completed the disaster, and the Emperor's heirs fell entirely under punishment with none spared. Formerly the imperial house was overthrown and all living beings feared extinction. Relying on heroic filial devotion he rose up, swept away grievance and shame, continued the fallen succession, and rescued the destitute people. To restore what was cut off and honor the distant is what ritual teaching esteems. How much more when he was both emperor and elder brother, yet this ceremony was lacking. Now the ninth son Zhi Sui is to serve as Emperor Xiaowu's heir. In the Daming era Wuling commandery's standing equaled the domain of Dai. Zhi Sui may be enfeoffed as Prince of Wuling with a fief of five thousand households. It was soon seen that the Emperor's house had many daughters and female dependents. Since there was no overall regulation, propriety required safeguards. Though feudal lords may not address the Son of Heaven as ancestor, the matter concerns the urgency of one family. Moreover there are visits home in peace, ailments to tend for one another, gains and losses to be entrusted, and matters reported from the inner quarters. We, responding to Heaven on the throne, favor the nine kindreds deeply. We hope this suffices to express our pursuit of kinship and our intent to spread affection."
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後廢帝元徽四年，出為使持節、督南徐兗青冀五州諸軍事、北中郎將、南徐州刺史。 順帝昇明元年，遷持節、督郢州司州之義陽諸軍事、前將軍、郢州刺史。 二年，為沈攸之所圍，徙都督荊湘雍益梁寧南北秦八州諸軍事、安西將軍、荊州刺史，持節如故。 攸之平，乃之鎮。 其年薨，時年九歲，國除。
In the fourth year of Yuanhui under the Later Deposed Emperor he was sent out as Bearer of the Staff of Authority to supervise Southern Xu, Yan, Qing, and Ji, with the titles Northern Central Army General and Governor of Southern Xu. In the first year of Shengming under Emperor Shun he was reassigned as Bearer of the Staff to supervise Yingzhou and Sizhou's Yiyang, with the titles Forward General and Governor of Yingzhou. In the second year he was besieged by Shen Youzhi and was reassigned to command Jing, Xiang, Yong, Yi, Liang, Ning, Northern Qin, and Southern Qin, with the titles General Who Pacifies the West and Governor of Jingzhou, while retaining the Staff of Authority. After Youzhi was suppressed, he then proceeded to his post. He died that year at age nine, and the fief was abolished.
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【史評】
Historian's Comment
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史臣曰：晉安諸王，提挈羣下，以成其釁亂，遂至九域沸騰，難結天下，而世祖之胤亦殲焉。 強不如弱，義在於此也。
The historian writes: The Jin'an princes led their followers to accomplish their rebellion, until the nine regions seethed and turmoil gripped the realm, and the Emperor's descendants were also exterminated. Strength is not as good as weakness—such is the principle.
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【校勘記】
Collation Notes