1
百官下
Government Offices, Part Two
2
高祖既受命，改周之六官，其所制名，多依前代之法。 置三師、三公及尚書、門下、內史、秘書、內侍等省，御史、都水等台，太常、光祿、衛尉、宗正、太僕、大理、鴻臚、司農、太府、國子、將作等寺，左右衛、左右武衛、左右武候、左右領、左右監門、左右領軍等府，分司統職焉。
After Emperor Gaozu received the Mandate, he replaced the Northern Zhou six-ministry system. The office titles he established largely followed the precedents of earlier dynasties. He established the Three Preceptors and Three Dukes, along with the Secretariat, Chancellery, Palace Secretariat, Imperial Library, and Palace Domestic Service departments; the Censorate and Directorate of Waterways bureaus; the Imperial Sacrifices, Imperial Household, Guard Commandant, Imperial Clan, Imperial Stud, Judicial Review, State Ceremonial, National Granaries, Imperial Treasury, Education, and Palace Construction courts; and the Left and Right Guards, Martial Guards, Martial Patrol, Command, Gate Guards, and Army Command guard offices—each division supervising its own duties.
3
三師，不主事，不置府僚，蓋與天子坐而論道者也。
The Three Preceptors did not administer affairs and had no office staff; they were essentially counselors who sat with the emperor to discuss the Way.
4
三公，參議國之大事，依後齊置府僚。 無其人則闕。 祭祀則太尉亞獻，司徒奉俎，司空行掃除。 其位多曠，皆攝行事。 尋省府及僚佐，置公則坐于尚書都省。 朝之眾務，總歸於台閣。
The Three Dukes deliberated on the great affairs of the state and, following Northern Qi practice, were given office staff. When no suitable person could be found, the post was left vacant. At sacrifices, the Grand Commandant performed the secondary offering, the Minister over the Masses presented the sacrificial meat, and the Minister of Works carried out the sweeping and cleaning. Their posts were often vacant, and others were appointed to act in their stead. Soon those offices and their subordinates were abolished; when a Duke was appointed, he took his seat in the Secretariat's Central Department. The multitude of court affairs all reverted to the Secretariat and Chancellery.
5
尚書省，事無不總。 置令、左右僕射各一人，總吏部、禮部、兵部、都官、度支、工部等六曹事，是為八座。 屬官左、右丞各一人，都事八人，分司管轄，吏部尚書統吏部侍郎二人，主爵侍郎一人，司勳侍郎二人，考功侍郎一人。 禮部尚書統禮部、祠部侍郎各一人，主客、膳部侍郎各二人。 兵部尚書統兵部、職方侍郎各二人，駕部、庫部侍郎各一人。 都官尚書統都官侍郎二人，刑部、比部侍郎各一人，司門侍郎二人。 度支尚書統度支、戶部侍郎各二人，金部、倉部侍郎各一人。 工部尚書統工部、屯田侍郎各二人，虞部、水部侍郎各一人。 凡三十六侍郎，分司曹務，直宿禁省，如漢之制。
The Department of the Secretariat: nothing in its affairs went unhandled. It had one Director and one Left and one Right Vice Director, who together oversaw the affairs of the six bureaus—Personnel, Rites, War, Justice, Revenue, and Public Works—these being the Eight Seats. Subordinate officials were one Left and one Right Assistant Director and eight Chief Clerks, who divided supervision; the Minister of Personnel oversaw two Vice Ministers of Personnel, one Vice Minister of Nobility, two Vice Ministers of Merits, and one Vice Minister of Evaluation. The Minister of Rites oversaw one Vice Minister of Rites and one Vice Minister of Sacrifices, and two Vice Ministers each of Receiving Guests and Provisions. The Minister of War oversaw two Vice Ministers of War and two Vice Ministers of Bureau of Appointments, and one Vice Minister each of Imperial Carriages and Armory. The Minister of Justice oversaw two Vice Ministers of Justice, one Vice Minister of Punishments and one Vice Minister of Review, and two Vice Ministers of Gatekeeping. The Minister of Revenue oversaw two Vice Ministers of Revenue and two Vice Ministers of Households, and one Vice Minister each of Treasury and Granaries. The Minister of Public Works oversaw two Vice Ministers of Public Works and two Vice Ministers of Garrison Agriculture, and one Vice Minister each of Parks and Waterways. In all there were thirty-six Vice Ministers, who divided the bureau affairs and stood night duty in the Forbidden Secretariat, following Han practice.
6
門下省，納言二人，給事黃門侍郎四人，錄事、通事令史各六人。 又有散騎常侍、通直散騎常侍各四人，諫議大夫七人，散騎侍郎四人，員外散騎常侍六人，通直散騎侍郎四人，並掌部從朝直。 又有給事二十人，員外散騎侍郎二十人，奉朝請四十人，並掌同散騎常侍等，兼出使勞問。 統城門、尚食、尚藥、符璽、禦府、殿內等六局。 城門局，校尉二人，直長四人。 尚食局，典禦二人，直長四人，食醫四人。 尚藥局，典禦二人，侍御醫、直長各四人，醫師四十人。 符璽、禦府，殿內局，監各二人，直長各四人。
The Department of the Chancellery had two Remonstrators, four Supervising Secretaries of the Yellow Gate, six Recorders, and six General Clerks. There were also four Regular Attendants of the Unattached Cavalry and four Regular Attendants of Direct Communication of the Unattached Cavalry, seven Remonstrating Grand Masters, four Gentlemen of the Unattached Cavalry, six Supernumerary Regular Attendants of the Unattached Cavalry, and four Gentlemen of Direct Communication of the Unattached Cavalry—all supervising attendance at court. There were also twenty Supervising Secretaries, twenty Supernumerary Gentlemen of the Unattached Cavalry, and forty Gentlemen in Attendance at Court—all with the same duties as the Regular Attendants of the Unattached Cavalry and the like, and also charged with going on missions to offer condolences and inquiries. It oversaw the six bureaus of City Gates, Imperial Food Service, Imperial Pharmacy, Seals and Credentials, Imperial Wardrobe, and Palace Interior. The City Gates Bureau had two Captains and four Duty Chiefs. The Imperial Food Service Bureau had two Palace Stewards, four Duty Chiefs, and four Dietary Physicians. The Imperial Pharmacy Bureau had two Palace Stewards, four Attending Physicians and four Duty Chiefs, and forty Physicians. The Seals and Credentials, Imperial Wardrobe, and Palace Interior bureaus each had two Supervisors and four Duty Chiefs.
7
內史省，置監、令各一人。 尋廢監。 置令二人，侍郎四人，舍人八人，通事舍人十六人，主書十人，錄事四人。
The Department of the Palace Secretariat had one Supervisor and one Director. Soon the Supervisor was abolished. Two Directors, four Vice Directors, eight Gentlemen Attendants, sixteen Gentlemen for General Service, ten Master Scribes, and four Recorders were appointed.
8
秘書省，監、丞各一人，郎四人，校書郎十二人，正字四人，錄事二人。 領著作、太史二曹。 著作曹，置郎二人，佐郎八人，校書郎、正字各二人。 太史曹，置令、丞各二人，司曆二人，監候四人。 其曆、天文、漏刻、視昆，各有博士及生員。
The Department of the Imperial Library had one Supervisor and one Assistant Director, four Gentlemen, twelve Collators, four Standardizers, and two Recorders. It oversaw the two bureaus of Compilation and Grand Astrologer. The Compilation Bureau had two Gentlemen, eight Assistant Gentlemen, and two Collators and two Standardizers each. The Grand Astrologer Bureau had two Directors and two Assistant Directors, two Calendar Officers, and four Observatory Attendants. For calendrics, astronomy, clepsydra, and observation of the Kun star, each had its own Erudite and student personnel.
9
內侍省，內侍、內常侍各二人，內給事四人，內謁者監六人，內寺伯二人，內謁者十二人，寺人六人，伺非八人。 並用宦者。 領內尚食、掖庭、宮闈、奚官、內僕、內府等局。 尚食，置典禦及丞各二人。 餘各置令、丞，皆二人。 其宮闈、內僕，則加置丞各一人。 掖庭又有宮教博士二人。
The Department of Palace Domestic Service had two Palace Attendants and two Regular Palace Attendants, four Palace Supervising Secretaries, six Supervisors of Palace Ushers, two Palace Domestic Chiefs, twelve Palace Ushers, six Eunuch Attendants, and eight Fault Inspectors. All were eunuchs. It oversaw the bureaus of Inner Imperial Food Service, Palace Women, Inner Palace Gates, Servant Women, Inner Palace Servants, and Inner Treasury. The Inner Imperial Food Service had two Palace Stewards and two Assistant Directors each. The rest each had two Directors and two Assistant Directors. For the Inner Palace Gates and Inner Palace Servants, one additional Assistant Director was added to each. The Palace Women Bureau also had two Erudites for Palace Instruction.
10
御史台，大夫一人，治書侍御史二人，侍御史八人，殿內侍御史、監察御史，各十二人，錄事二人。 後魏延昌中，王顯有寵于宣武，為御史中尉，請革選御史。 此後踵其事，每一中尉，則更置御史。 自開皇后，始自吏部選用，仍依舊入直禁中。
The Bureau of the Censorate had one Grand Censor, two Attending Secretaries for Legal Documents, eight Attending Censors, twelve Attending Censors for the Palace Interior and twelve Investigating Censors each, and two Recorders. Later, in the Extended Splendor era of Northern Wei, Wang Xian won favor with Emperor Xuanwu and served as Censor-in-Chief; he requested reform of the selection of censors. Thereafter others followed his example; with each Censor-in-Chief, censors were newly appointed. From the Kaihuang reign onward, selection began from the Ministry of Personnel, while they still entered the Forbidden Palace on duty as before.
11
都水台，使者及丞各二人，參軍三十人，河堤謁者六十人，錄事二人。 領掌船局、都水尉二人，又領諸津。 上津每尉一人，丞二人。 中津每尉、丞各一人。 下津每典作一人，津長四人。
The Directorate of Waterways had two Commissioners and two Assistant Directors, thirty Aides-de-Camp, sixty River-Dike Attendants, and two Recorders. It supervised the Shipping Bureau and two Directors of Waterways, and also oversaw the various ferries. At each major ferry there was one Captain and two Assistant Directors. At each medium ferry there was one Captain and one Assistant Director each. At each minor ferry there was one Ferry Manager and four Ferry Chiefs.
12
太常、光祿、衛尉、宗正、太僕、大理、鴻臚、司農、太府等九寺，並置卿少卿各一人。 太僕尋加少卿一人。 各置丞，太常、衛尉、宗正、大理、鴻臚、將作二人，光祿、太僕各三人，司農五人，太府六人。 主簿，太府四人，餘寺各二人。 錄事各二人。 光祿則加至三人，司農、太府則各四人。 等員。
The nine courts of Imperial Sacrifices, Imperial Household, Guard Commandant, Imperial Clan, Imperial Stud, Judicial Review, State Ceremonial, National Granaries, and Imperial Treasury each had one Minister and one Vice Minister. The Imperial Stud soon added one Vice Minister. Each had Assistant Directors: two each for Imperial Sacrifices, Guard Commandant, Imperial Clan, Judicial Review, State Ceremonial, and Palace Construction; three each for Imperial Household and Imperial Stud; five for National Granaries; and six for Imperial Treasury. Chief Secretaries: four for Imperial Treasury, two for each of the other courts. Each had two Recorders. For Imperial Household the number was increased to three; for National Granaries and Imperial Treasury, four each. And so on for the authorized posts.
13
太常寺又有博士四人，協律郎二人，奉禮郎十六人。 統郊社、太廟、諸陵、太祝、衣冠、太樂、清商、鼓吹、太醫、太卜、廩犧等署。 各置令並一人。 太樂、太醫則各加至二人。 丞各一人。 郊社、太樂、鼓吹則各加至二人。 郊社署又有典瑞。 四人。 太祝署有太祝二人。 太樂署、清商署各有樂師員。 太樂八人，清商二人。 鼓吹署有哄師二人。 太醫署有主藥、二人。 醫師二百人。 藥園師二人。 醫博士二人。 助教二人。 按摩博士二人。 祝禁博士二人。 等員。 太卜署有卜師、二十人。 相師十人。 男覡十六人。 女巫八人。 太卜博士、助教各二人。 相博士、助教各一人。 等員。
The Court of Imperial Sacrifices also had four Erudites, two Directors of Harmonizing Music, and sixteen Ceremonial Gentlemen. It oversaw the directorates of Suburban and Altar Sacrifices, Imperial Ancestral Temple, Imperial Tombs, Grand Sacrificers, Ceremonial Garments, Grand Music, Pure Music, Drum and Wind, Imperial Physicians, Grand Divination, and Sacrificial Oxen. Each had one Director. For Grand Music and Imperial Physicians, the number was increased to two each. Each had one Assistant Director. For Suburban and Altar Sacrifices, Grand Music, and Drum and Wind, the number was increased to two each. The Suburban and Altar Sacrifices Directorate also had Palace Stewards of Auspicious Regalia. Four persons. The Grand Sacrificers Directorate had two Grand Sacrificers. The Grand Music and Pure Music directorates each had authorized Music Masters. Eight for Grand Music, two for Pure Music. The Drum and Wind Directorate had two Drum Masters. The Imperial Physicians Directorate had two Chief Pharmacists. Two hundred Physicians. Two Herb Garden Masters. Two Medical Erudites. Two Assistant Instructors. Two Massage Erudites. Two Incantation Erudites. And so on for the authorized posts. The Grand Divination Directorate had twenty Divination Masters. Ten Physiognomy Masters. Sixteen Male Shamans. Eight Female Shamans. Two Divination Erudites and two Assistant Instructors each. One Physiognomy Erudite and one Assistant Instructor each. And so on for the authorized posts.
14
光祿寺統太官、肴藏、良醖、掌醢等署。 各置令、太官三人，肴藏、良醖各二人，掌醢一人。 丞。 太官八人，肴藏、掌醢各二人，良醖四人。 太官又有監膳，十二人。 良醖有掌醖，五十人。 掌醢有掌醢十人。 等員。
The Court of the Imperial Household oversaw the directorates of Grand Kitchen, Delicacies Storage, Fine Brew, and Pickled Meats. Each had Directors: three for Grand Kitchen, two each for Delicacies Storage and Fine Brew, and one for Pickled Meats. Assistant Directors. Eight for Grand Kitchen, two each for Delicacies Storage and Pickled Meats, and four for Fine Brew. The Grand Kitchen also had Supervisors of Meals—twelve persons. Fine Brew had Brew Masters—fifty persons. Pickled Meats had ten Pickle Masters. And so on for the authorized posts.
15
衛尉寺統公車、武庫、守宮等署。 各置令、公車一人，武庫、守宮各二人。 丞公車一人，武庫二人。 等員。
The Court of the Guard Commandant oversaw the directorates of Imperial Carriages, Armory, and Palace Guard. Each had Directors: one for Imperial Carriages, two each for Armory and Palace Guard. Assistant Directors: one for Imperial Carriages, two for Armory. And so on for the authorized posts.
16
宗正寺不統署。
The Court of the Imperial Clan did not oversee directorates.
17
太僕寺又有獸醫博士員。 一百二十人。 統驊騮、乘黃、龍廄、車府、典牧、牛羊等署。 各置令二人。 乘黃、車府則各減一人。 丞二人。 乘黃則一人，典牧牛羊則各三人。 等員。
The Court of the Imperial Stud also had authorized Veterinary Erudites. One hundred twenty persons. It supervised the Piebald Horses, Yellow Chariots, Dragon Stable, Chariot Office, Pasture Administration, and Cattle and Sheep directorates, among others. Each directorate had two Directors. Yellow Chariots and the Chariot Office each had one fewer Director. Each had two Assistant Directors. Yellow Chariots had one; Pasture Administration, Cattle, and Sheep each had three. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts.
18
大理寺，不統署。 又有正、監、評、各一人。 司直十人。 律博士八人。 明法二十人。 獄掾八人。
The Court of Judicial Review had no subordinate directorates. It also appointed one Director of Review, one Supervisor, and one Evaluator. There were ten Direct Investigators. There were eight Legal Erudites. There were twenty Masters of Law. There were eight Prison Clerks.
19
鴻臚寺統典客、司儀、崇玄三署。 各置令二人。 崇玄則惟置一人。 典客署又有掌客十人。 司儀有掌儀二十人。 等員。
The Court of State Ceremonial supervised the Receiving Guests, Ceremonial Protocol, and Daoist Studies directorates. Each directorate had two Directors. Daoist Studies had only one Director. The Receiving Guests Directorate also employed ten Guest Masters. The Ceremonial Protocol Directorate had twenty Protocol Masters. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts.
20
司農寺統太倉、典農、平准、廩市、鉤盾、華林、上林、導官等署。 各置令二人。 鉤盾、上林則加至三人，華林惟置一人。 太倉又有米稟督二人。 穀倉督四人。 鹽倉督二人。 京市有肆長四十人。 導官有禦細倉督、二人。 曲面倉督二人。 等員。
The Court of the National Granaries supervised the Grand Granary, State Farms, Price Equalization, Market Granaries, Palace Guard Stores, Orchard Park, Imperial Park, and Food Processing directorates. Each directorate had two Directors. Palace Guard Stores and Imperial Park each had three Directors; Orchard Park had only one. The Grand Granary also employed two Supervisors of Rice Distribution. There were four Supervisors of Grain Granaries. There were two Supervisors of Salt Granaries. The Capital Market employed forty Market Stall Chiefs. The Food Processing Directorate had two Supervisors of Imperial Fine-Grain Granaries. There were two Supervisors of Noodle Granaries. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts.
21
太府寺統左藏、左尚方、內尚方、右尚方、司染、右藏、黃藏、掌冶、甄官等署。 各置令、二人。 左、右尚方則加至二人，黃藏則惟置一人。 丞四人。 左尚則八人，右尚則六人，黃藏則一人。 等員。
The Court of the Imperial Treasury supervised the Left Treasury, Left Imperial Workshop, Inner Imperial Workshop, Right Imperial Workshop, Dyeing Office, Right Treasury, Yellow Treasury, Metallurgy Office, and Casting Office directorates. Each directorate had two Directors. The Left and Right Imperial Workshops each had two Directors; Yellow Treasury had only one. There were four Assistant Directors. The Left Workshop had eight, the Right Workshop six, and Yellow Treasury one. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts.
22
國子寺元隸太常。 祭酒一人。 屬官有主簿、錄事各一人。 統國子、太學、四門、書算學，各置博士、國子、太學、四門各五人，書、算各二人。 助教、國子、太學、四門各五人，書、算各二人。 學生國子一百四十人，太學、四門各三百六十人，書四十人，算八十人。 等員。
The Directorate of Education originally fell under the Court of Imperial Sacrifices. It had one Libationer. Its subordinate officials included one Chief Secretary and one Recorder. It supervised the Imperial University, Grand Learning, Four Gates, and Calligraphy and Mathematics schools, with five Erudites each at Imperial University, Grand Learning, and Four Gates, and two each at Calligraphy and Mathematics. Each school also had Assistant Instructors: five at Imperial University, Grand Learning, and Four Gates, and two at Calligraphy and Mathematics. Enrollment stood at one hundred forty students in the Imperial University, three hundred sixty each in Grand Learning and Four Gates, forty in Calligraphy, and eighty in Mathematics. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts.
23
將作寺大匠一人。 丞、主簿、錄事各二人。 統左右校署令各二人。 丞左校四人，右校三人。 各有監作左校十二人，右校八人。 等員。
The Directorate of Palace Construction appointed one Master Builder. It also had two Assistant Directors, two Chief Secretaries, and two Recorders. It supervised the Left and Right Construction Offices, each headed by two Directors. The Left Office had four Assistant Directors and the Right Office three. Construction Supervisors numbered twelve in the Left Office and eight in the Right Office. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts.
24
左右衛、左右武衛、左右武候，各大將軍，一人。 將軍，二人。 並有長史，司馬，錄事，功、倉、兵、騎等曹參軍，法曹、鎧曹行參軍，各一人。 行參軍左右衛、左右武候各六人，左右武衛各八人。 等員。
The Left and Right Guards, Left and Right Martial Guards, and Left and Right Martial Patrol each appointed one Grand General. Each also had two Generals. Each command also included a Chief Clerk, Marshal, Recorder, Aides-de-Camp for Merit, Granary, Military, and Cavalry, and Acting Aides-de-Camp for Law and Armor. Acting Aides-de-Camp numbered six in the Left and Right Guards and Left and Right Martial Patrol, and eight in the Left and Right Martial Guards. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts.
25
左右衛，掌宮掖禁禦，督攝仗衛。 又各有直閣將軍、六人。 直寢、十二人。 直齋、直後，各十五人。 並掌宿衛侍從。 奉車都尉，六人。 掌馭副車。 武騎常侍、十人。 殿內將軍、十五人。 員外將軍、三十人。 殿內司馬督、二十人。 員外司馬督、四十人。 並以參軍府朝，出使勞問。 左右衛又各統親衛。 置開府。 左勳衛開府，左翊一開府、二開府、三開府、四開府，及武衛、武候、領事、東宮領兵開府准此。 府置開府，一人。 有長史，司馬，錄事，及倉、兵等曹參軍，法曹行參軍，各一人。 行參軍。 三人。 又有儀同府。 武衛、武候、領軍、東宮領兵儀同皆准此。 儀同已下，置員同開府，但無行參軍員。 諸府皆領軍坊。 每坊東宮軍坊准此。 置坊主、一人。 佐。 二人。 每鄉團東宮鄉團准此。 置團主、一人。 佐。 二人。
The Left and Right Guards guarded the palace and inner precincts and directed the armed escorts. Each command also had six Direct-Pavilion Generals. There were twelve Direct-Quarters Officers. Direct-Fast and Direct-Rear each had fifteen officers. All of these posts supervised night guard and attendance on the emperor. There were six Commandants of Chariots in Attendance. They managed the emperor's secondary chariots. There were ten Regular Attendants of Martial Cavalry. There were fifteen Palace Interior Generals. There were thirty Supernumerary Generals. There were twenty Palace Interior Marshal Supervisors. There were forty Supernumerary Marshal Supervisors. All attended their command offices at court and were also sent on missions of condolence and inquiry. The Left and Right Guards each also commanded Personal Guards. They established Grand Guard Offices. The Left Meritorious Guard Grand Office and the Left Wing First through Fourth Grand Offices were organized this way, as were the Martial Guard, Martial Patrol, Command, and Eastern Palace Troop Command Grand Offices. Each Grand Office was headed by one Commander. Each office had a Chief Clerk, Marshal, Recorder, Granary and Military Aides-de-Camp, and a Law Bureau Acting Aide-de-Camp. It also had Acting Aides-de-Camp. Three in all. Ceremonial Companion Offices were also established. The Martial Guard, Martial Patrol, Army Command, and Eastern Palace Troop Command each had Ceremonial Companion Offices organized in the same way. Offices below the Ceremonial Companion rank matched the Grand Office establishment, except that they had no Acting Aides-de-Camp. Every office oversaw its own military wards. The Eastern Palace wards were organized in the same way. Each ward had one Ward Chief. It also had Assistants. Two in all. The Eastern Palace company regiments were organized in the same way. Each regiment had one Regimental Chief. It also had Assistants. Two in all.
26
左右武衛府，無直閣已下員，但領外軍宿衛。
The Left and Right Martial Guard offices had no posts below Direct-Pavilion and were responsible only for external army night guard.
27
左右武候，掌車駕出，先驅後殿，晝夜巡察，執捕奸非，烽候道路，水草所置。 巡狩師田，則掌其營禁。 右加置司辰師、四人。 漏刻生。 一百一十人。
The Left and Right Martial Patrol escorted the emperor on procession, leading the van and guarding the rear, patrolling day and night, arresting wrongdoers, maintaining roadside beacon signals, and arranging water and fodder. On imperial hunts and military campaigns, they enforced camp security. Four Timekeepers were also appointed. There were Clepsydra Attendants. One hundred ten in all.
28
左右領左右府，各大將軍、一人。 將軍，二人。 掌侍衛左右，供禦兵仗。 領千牛備身，十二人。 掌執千牛刀； 備身左右，十二人。 掌供禦弓箭； 備身，六十人。 掌宿衛侍從。 各置長史，司馬、錄事，及倉、兵二曹參軍事，鎧曹行參軍各一人。 等員。
The Left and Right Command offices each appointed one Grand General. Each also had two Generals. They attended the emperor at left and right and supplied his arms and equipment. They commanded twelve Thousand-Ox Bodyguards. These bodyguards carried the Thousand-Ox swords. There were twelve Left and Right Bodyguards. These bodyguards supplied the emperor's bows and arrows. There were sixty Bodyguards. They performed night guard and attendance on the emperor. Each office had a Chief Clerk, Marshal, Recorder, Granary and Military Aides-de-Camp, and an Armor Bureau Acting Aide-de-Camp. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts.
29
左右監門府各將軍，一人。 掌宮殿門禁及守衛事。 各置郎將，二人。 校尉，直長，各三十人。 長史，司馬，錄事，及倉、兵曹參軍，鎧曹行參軍，各一人。 行參軍四人。 等員。
Each Left and Right Gate Guard office had one General. They were responsible for palace gate security and guard duties. Each office had two Commandants. There were thirty Captains and thirty Duty Chiefs each. Each office had a Chief Clerk, Marshal, Recorder, Granary and Military Aides-de-Camp, and an Armor Bureau Acting Aide-de-Camp. There were four Acting Aides-de-Camp. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts.
30
左右領軍府，各掌十二軍籍帳、差科、辭訟之事。 不置將軍。 唯有長史，司馬，掾屬及錄事，功、倉、戶、騎、兵等曹參軍，法、鎧等曹行參軍，各一人。 行參軍十六人。 等員。 又置明法，四人。 隸于法司，掌律令輕重。
The Left and Right Army Command offices each managed the registers, assignments, and litigation of the twelve guard armies. No Generals were appointed. There were only a Chief Clerk, Marshal, clerks and assistants, Recorder, and Aides-de-Camp for Merit, Granary, Household, Cavalry, and Military, plus Acting Aides-de-Camp for Law and Armor. There were sixteen Acting Aides-de-Camp. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts. Four Masters of Law were also appointed. They were subordinate to the judicial office and managed the severity of statutes and ordinances.
31
行台省，則有尚書令，僕射，左、右任置。 兵部、兼吏部、禮部。 度支兼都官、工部。 尚書及丞左、右任置。 各一人，都事四人。 有考功、兼吏部、爵部、司勳。 禮部、兼祠部、主客。 膳部、兵部、兼職方。 駕部、庫部、刑部、兼都官、司門。 度支、兼倉部。 戶部、兼比部。 金部、工部、屯田兼水部、虞部。 侍郎，各一人。 每行台置食貨，農圃，武器，百工監、副監，各一人。 各置丞、食貨四人，農圃六人，武器二人，百工四人。 錄事食貨、農圃、百工各二人，武器一人。 等員。
Mobile Secretariat offices had Directors and Vice Directors, appointed at left and right as needed. The Bureau of War concurrently held Personnel and Rites. Revenue concurrently held Justice and Public Works. Ministers and Assistant Directors were appointed at left and right as needed. One each, and four Chief Clerks. There were Evaluation, concurrent Personnel, Nobility, and Merits. Rites, concurrent Sacrifices, and Receiving Guests. Provisions, War, and concurrent Bureau of Appointments. Imperial Carriages, Armory, Punishments, concurrent Justice, and Gatekeeping. Revenue and concurrent Granaries. Households and concurrent Review. Treasury, Public Works, and Garrison Agriculture concurrently holding Waterways and Parks. One Vice Minister each. Each mobile office had one Supervisor and one Deputy Supervisor each for Food and Goods, Agriculture and Gardens, Weapons, and Crafts. Assistant Directors numbered four for Food and Goods, six for Agriculture and Gardens, two for Weapons, and four for Crafts. Recorders numbered two each for Food and Goods, Agriculture and Gardens, and Crafts, and one for Weapons. Similar quotas applied to the remaining authorized posts.
32
太子置太師、太傅、太保、少師、少傅、少保。 開皇初，置詹事。 二年定令，罷之。
The Crown Prince had Grand Preceptor, Grand Tutor, Grand Protector, Junior Preceptor, Junior Tutor, and Junior Protector. At the beginning of the Kaihuang reign, a Grand Steward was appointed. In the second year the statutes were fixed, and the post was abolished.
33
門下坊，置左庶子二人，內舍人四人，錄事二人，主事令史四人。 統司經、宮門、內直、典膳、藥藏、齋帥等六局。 司經置洗馬四人，校書六人，正字二人。 宮門置大夫二人。 內直置監、副監各二人，監殿舍人四人。 典膳、藥藏，並置監、丞各二人。 藥藏又有侍醫四人。 齋帥置四人。
The Chancellery Ward had two Left Subordinates of the Heir Apparent, four Inner Gentlemen Attendants, two Recorders, and four Chief Clerks. It oversaw the six bureaus of Classics Administration, Palace Gates, Inner Attendance, Palace Provisions, Medicine Storage, and Fast Observance. The Classics Administration had four Study Companions, six Collators, and two Standardizers. The Palace Gates Bureau had two Grand Masters. The Inner Attendance Bureau had two Supervisors and two Deputy Supervisors, and four Gentlemen Attendants of the Palace Hall. The Palace Provisions and Medicine Storage bureaus each had two Supervisors and two Assistant Directors. Medicine Storage also had four Attending Physicians. Four Fast Observance Officers were appointed.
34
典書坊，右庶子二人，舍人、通事舍人各八人，錄事二人，主事令史四人，內坊典內及丞各二人，丞直四人，錄事一人。 內廄置尉二人，掌內車輿之事。
The Secretariat Ward had two Right Subordinates of the Heir Apparent, eight Gentlemen Attendants and eight Gentlemen for General Service each, two Recorders, four Chief Clerks, two Inner Ward Chiefs and two Assistant Directors, four Duty Assistant Directors, and one Recorder. The Inner Stud had two Commandants, who managed the inner chariots and carriages.
35
家令、掌刑法、食膳、倉庫、什物、奴婢等事。 率更令、掌伎樂漏刻。 僕、掌宗族親疏，車輿騎乘。 各一人。 三寺各置丞、家令二人，寺各一人。 錄事。 家令二人，寺各一人。 家令領食官、典倉、司藏三署令、各一人。 丞。 食官二人，典倉一人，司藏三人。 僕寺領廄牧令一人。 員。
The Steward of the Heir Apparent managed penal law, food service, storehouses, goods, and servants. The Commandant of Watch managed music, performance, and clepsydra. The Chamberlain managed clan relationships and chariots, carriages, and mounts. One of each. The three courts each had two Assistant Directors and two Stewards; each court had one. Each also had Recorders. Two Stewards; one for each court. The Steward oversaw the directors of Food Service, Granary Administration, and Treasury Administration—one each. Each also had Assistant Directors. Food Service had two, Granary Administration one, and Treasury Administration three. The Chamberlain's Court had one Director of Stud Administration. Authorized posts were as specified.
36
左右衛，各置率一人，副率二人，掌宮中禁衛。 各置長史，司馬及錄事，功、倉、兵、騎兵等曹參軍事，法曹、鎧曹行參軍，各一人，行參軍四人。 員。 又各有直閣四人，直齋八人，直齊、直後各十人。
The Left and Right Guards each had one Commandant and two Deputy Commandants, who guarded the inner palace. Each had a Chief Clerk, Marshal, Recorder, Aides-de-Camp for Merit, Granary, Military, and Cavalry, Acting Aides-de-Camp for Law and Armor, and four Acting Aides-de-Camp. Authorized posts were as specified. Each also had four Direct-Pavilion officers, eight Direct-Fast officers, and ten each for Direct-Quarters and Direct-Rear.
37
左右宗衛，制官如左右衛，各掌以宗人侍衛。 加置行參軍二人，而無直閣、直寢、直齋、直後等員。
The Left and Right Imperial Clan Guards were organized like the Left and Right Guards, each guarding with clan members in attendance. Two Acting Aides-de-Camp were added, but there were no Direct-Pavilion, Direct-Quarters, Direct-Fast, or Direct-Rear posts.
38
左右虞候，各置開府一人，掌斥候伺非。 長史已下如左右衛，而無錄事參軍員，減行參軍一人。
The Left and Right Patrol Guards each had one Grand Office Commander, who managed reconnaissance and detection of wrongdoing. Below the Chief Clerk followed the Left and Right Guard pattern, but without a Recorder Aide-de-Camp, and one fewer Acting Aide-de-Camp.
39
左右內率、副率，各一人，掌領備身已上禁內侍衛，供奉兵仗。 又無功、騎兵、法等曹及行參軍員，余與虞候同。 有千牛備身八人，掌執千牛刀； 備身左右八人，掌供奉弓箭； 備身二十人，掌宿衛侍從。
The Left and Right Inner Commandants and Deputy Commandants, one each, commanded Bodyguards and above in inner-palace attendance and supplied arms and equipment. There were also no Merit, Cavalry, Law bureaus or Acting Aide-de-Camp posts; the rest matched the Patrol Guard offices. There were eight Thousand-Ox Bodyguards, who wielded the Thousand-Ox swords. Eight Left and Right Bodyguards, who supplied bows and arrows. Twenty Bodyguards, who performed night guard and attendance in waiting.
40
左右監門，各率一人，副率二人，掌諸門禁。 長史已下，同內率府，而各有直長十人。
The Left and Right Gate Guards each had one Commandant and two Deputy Commandants, who managed all gate security. Below the Chief Clerk followed the Inner Commandant offices, but each also had ten Duty Chiefs.
41
高祖又采後周之制，置上柱國、柱國、上大將軍、大將軍、上開府儀同三司、開府儀同三司、上儀同三司、儀同三司、大都督、帥都督、都督，總十一等，以酬勤勞。 又有特進、左右光祿大夫、金紫光祿大夫、銀青光祿大夫、朝議大夫、朝散大夫，並為散官，以加文武官之德聲者，並不理事。 六品已下，又有翊軍等四十三號將軍，品凡十六等，為散號將軍，以加泛授。 居曹有職務者為執事官，無職務者為散官。 戎上柱國已下為散實官，軍為散號官。 諸省及左右衛、武候、領左右監門府為內官，自餘為外官。
Emperor Gaozu also adopted the Later Zhou system, establishing Supreme Pillar of State, Pillar of State, Grand General-in-Chief, General-in-Chief, Grand Opener of the Office with Third Rank Equal Companionship, Opener of the Office with Third Rank Equal Companionship, Grand Third Rank Equal Companion, Third Rank Equal Companion, Great Area Commander, Commandant Commander, and Commander—in all eleven ranks—to reward meritorious service. There were also Special Advancement, Left and Right Grand Masters of Splendid Happiness, Grand Master of the Gold Seal and Purple Ribbon, Grand Master of the Silver Seal and Blue Ribbon, Grand Master for Court Discussion, and Grand Master for Court Dispersal—all honorary posts used to enhance the moral reputation of civil and military officials, and none administered affairs. Below the sixth rank there were also forty-three designations of generals such as Assisting Army, in all sixteen ranks of honorary general titles, used for broad conferral. Those in bureau posts with duties were executive officials; those without duties were honorary officials. Military ranks from Supreme Pillar of State downward were honorary substantive ranks; army titles were honorary designation ranks. The departments and the Left and Right Guards, Martial Patrol, Command, and Gate Guard offices were inner officials; all the rest were outer officials.
42
國王、郡王、國公、郡公、縣公、侯、伯、子、男，凡九等。 皇伯叔昆弟、皇子為親王。 置師、友各二人，文學二人，嗣王則無師友。 長史、司馬、諮議參軍事，掾屬，各一人，主簿二人，錄事，功曹，記室，戶、倉、兵等曹，騎兵、城局等參軍事，東西閤祭酒，各一人，參軍事四人，法、田、水、鎧、士等曹行參軍各一人，行參軍六人，長兼行參軍八人，典簽二人。
Prince of a State, Prince of a Commandery, Duke of a State, Duke of a Commandery, Duke of a County, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, and Baron—in all nine ranks. Imperial uncles, brothers, and imperial sons were Princes. Two Tutors and two Friends were appointed, and two Literary Scholars; an heir prince had no Tutor or Friend. One Chief Clerk, Marshal, Advisory Aide-de-Camp, and Assistant each, two Chief Secretaries, Recorder, Merit Officer, Secretariat, Household, Granary, and Military bureaus, Cavalry and City Bureau Aides-de-Camp, one Libationer each for the Eastern and Western Pavilions, four Aides-de-Camp, one Acting Aide-de-Camp each for Law, Field, Water, Armor, and Scholar bureaus, six Acting Aides-de-Camp, eight Chief Concurrent Acting Aides-de-Camp, and two Registry Clerks.
43
上柱國、嗣王、郡王，無主簿、錄事參軍、東西閤祭酒、長兼行參軍等員，而加參軍事為五人，行參軍為十二人。 柱國又無騎兵參軍事、水曹行參軍等員，而減參軍事、行參軍各一人。 上大將軍又無諮議參軍事，田曹、鎧曹行參軍員，又減行參軍一人。 大將軍又無掾屬員，又減參軍事二人。 上開府又無法曹、士曹行參軍，參軍事員。 開府又無典簽員，減行參軍二人。 上儀同又無功曹、城局參軍事員，又減行參軍二人。 儀同又無倉曹員，減行參軍三人。
For Supreme Pillar of State, heir prince, and Prince of a Commandery, there were no Chief Secretary, Recorder Aide-de-Camp, Eastern and Western Pavilion Libationer, or Chief Concurrent Acting Aide-de-Camp posts, but Aides-de-Camp were increased to five and Acting Aides-de-Camp to twelve. For Pillar of State there were also no Cavalry Aide-de-Camp or Water Bureau Acting Aide-de-Camp posts, and Aides-de-Camp and Acting Aides-de-Camp were each reduced by one. For Grand General-in-Chief there were also no Advisory Aide-de-Camp, Field Bureau, or Armor Bureau Acting Aide-de-Camp posts, and Acting Aides-de-Camp were reduced by one. For General-in-Chief there were also no Assistant posts, and Aides-de-Camp were reduced by two. For Grand Opener of the Office there were also no Law Bureau or Scholar Bureau Acting Aide-de-Camp or Aide-de-Camp posts. For Opener of the Office there were also no Registry Clerk posts, and Acting Aides-de-Camp were reduced by two. For Grand Third Rank Equal Companion there were also no Merit Officer or City Bureau Aide-de-Camp posts, and Acting Aides-de-Camp were reduced by two. For Third Rank Equal Companion there were also no Granary Bureau posts, and Acting Aides-de-Camp were reduced by three.
44
三師、三公，置府佐，與柱國同。 若上柱國任三師、三公，唯從上柱國置。 王公已下，三品已上，又並有親信、帳內，各隨品高卑而制員。
For the Three Preceptors and Three Dukes, office staff were appointed, the same as for Pillar of State. If a Supreme Pillar of State held a Three Preceptor or Three Duke post, only the Supreme Pillar of State establishment applied. For princes and dukes downward and third rank and above, there were also Personal Attendants and Tent Retainers, with quotas set according to rank.
45
諸王置國官。 有令、大農各一人，尉各二人，典衛各八人，常侍各二人，侍郎各四人，廟長、學官長各一人，食官，廄牧長、丞各一人，典府長、丞各一人，舍人各四人等員。 上柱國、柱國公，減典衛二人，無侍郎員。 侯、伯又減典衛二人，食官、廄牧長各一人。 子、男又減尉、典衛、常侍、舍人各一人。 上大將軍、大將軍公，同柱國、子、男。 其侯、伯減公典衛、侍郎、廄牧丞各一人。 子、男無令，無典衛，又減舍人一人。 上開府、開府公，同大將軍、子、男。 其侯、伯又無常侍，無食官、廄牧丞。 子、男又無侍郎、廄牧長。 上儀同、儀同公，同開府子、男。 其侯、伯又無尉，無學官長。 子、男又無廄長、食官長。 二王后，置國官，與諸王同。 郡王與上柱國公同。 國公無上開府已上官者，與開府公同。 散郡公與儀同侯、伯同。 散縣公與儀同子、男同。 大長公主、長公主、公主，並置家令、丞各一人，主簿謁者、舍人各二人等員。 郡主唯減主簿員。
Princes had state officials. There were one Director and one Grand Agriculture Officer each, two Commandants each, eight Palace Guard Officers each, two Regular Attendants each, four Vice Ministers each, one Temple Chief and one School Chief each, Food Service, Stud Administration Chief and Assistant Director each, Treasury Administration Chief and Assistant Director each, and four Gentlemen Attendants each, and so on. For Supreme Pillar of State and Pillar of State dukes, Palace Guard Officers were reduced by two, and there were no Vice Minister posts. For Marquis and Earl, Palace Guard Officers were further reduced by two, and Food Service and Stud Administration Chiefs by one each. For Viscount and Baron, Commandants, Palace Guard Officers, Regular Attendants, and Gentlemen Attendants were each reduced by one. For Grand General-in-Chief and General-in-Chief dukes, the same as Pillar of State, Viscount, and Baron. For Marquis and Earl, Duke-level Palace Guard Officers, Vice Ministers, and Stud Administration Assistant Directors were each reduced by one. Viscounts and barons had no Director or Palace Guard Officer, and one fewer Gentlemen Attendant. Grand Opener of the Office and Opener of the Office dukes matched the General-in-Chief, Viscount, and Baron establishment. Marquises and earls also had no Regular Attendants and no Food Service or Stud Administration Assistant Directors. Viscounts and barons also had no Vice Ministers or Stud Administration Chiefs. Grand Third Rank Equal Companion and Third Rank Equal Companion dukes matched the Opener of the Office, Viscount, and Baron establishment. Marquises and earls also had no Commandants or School Chiefs. Viscounts and barons also had no Stud Chiefs or Food Service Chiefs. Consorts of the Two Kings had state officials appointed, the same as for princes. A Prince of a Commandery matched the Supreme Pillar of State duke establishment. A Duke of a State without a rank of Grand Opener of the Office or above matched the Opener of the Office duke establishment. An Honorary Duke of a Commandery matched the Third Rank Equal Companion Marquis and Earl establishment. An Honorary Duke of a County matched the Third Rank Equal Companion Viscount and Baron establishment. Grand Senior Princess, Senior Princess, and Princess each had one Steward and one Assistant Director, two Chief Secretaries and Ushers, and two Gentlemen Attendants each, and so on. A Princess of a Commandery had only the Chief Secretary post reduced.
46
雍州，置牧。 屬官有別駕，贊務，州都，郡正，主簿，錄事，西曹書佐，金、戶、兵、法、士等曹從事，部郡從事，武猛從事等員。 並佐史，合五百二十四人。
For Yong Province, a Governor was appointed. Subordinate officials included Administrative Aide, Assistant Administrator, Provincial Chief, Commandery Chief, Chief Secretary, Recorder, Western Bureau Secretary, Aides for Finance, Household, Military, Law, and Scholar bureaus, Department Commandery Aide, and Martial Aide, and so on. With assistant clerks, five hundred twenty-four persons in all.
47
京兆郡，置尹，丞，正，功曹，主簿，金、戶、兵、法、士等曹佐等員。 並佐史，合二百四十四人。
For Jingzhao Commandery, a Prefect, Assistant Director, Chief, Merit Officer, Chief Secretary, and Aides for Finance, Household, Military, Law, and Scholar bureaus were appointed, and so on. With assistant clerks, two hundred forty-four persons in all.
48
大興、長安縣，置令，丞，正，功曹，主簿，西曹，金、戶、兵、法、士曹等員。 並佐史，合一百四十七人。
For Daxing and Chang'an counties, a Magistrate, Assistant Director, Chief, Merit Officer, Chief Secretary, Western Bureau, and Finance, Household, Military, Law, and Scholar bureau Aides were appointed, and so on. With assistant clerks, one hundred forty-seven persons in all.
49
上上州，置刺史，長史，司馬，錄事參軍事，功曹，戶、兵等曹參軍事，法、士曹等行參軍，行參軍，典簽，州都光初主簿，郡正，主簿，西曹書佐，祭酒從事，部郡從事，倉督，市令、丞等員。 並佐史，合三百二十三人。 上中州，減上州吏屬十二人。 上下州，減上中州十六人。 中上州，減上下州二十九人。 中中州，減中上州二十人。 中下州，減中中州二十人。 下上州，減中下州三十二人。 下中州，減下上州十五人。 下下州，減下中州十二人。
For a highest-grade prefecture, a Regional Inspector, Chief Administrator, Administrator, Recorder Aide-de-Camp, Merit Officer, Household and Military Aides-de-Camp, Law and Scholar Bureau Acting Aides-de-Camp, Acting Aide-de-Camp, Registry Clerk, Provincial Chief of Guangchu Chief Secretary, Commandery Chief, Chief Secretary, Western Bureau Secretary, Libationer Aide, Department Commandery Aide, Granary Supervisor, Market Magistrate and Assistant Director, and so on were appointed. With assistant clerks, three hundred twenty-three persons in all. An upper-middle prefecture had twelve fewer staff than a highest-grade prefecture. An upper-lower prefecture had sixteen fewer than an upper-middle prefecture. A middle-upper prefecture had twenty-nine fewer than an upper-lower prefecture. A middle-middle prefecture had twenty fewer than a middle-upper prefecture. A middle-lower prefecture had twenty fewer than a middle-middle prefecture. A lower-upper prefecture had thirty-two fewer than a middle-lower prefecture. A lower-middle prefecture had fifteen fewer than a lower-upper prefecture. A lowest-grade prefecture had twelve fewer than a lower-middle prefecture.
50
郡，置太守，丞，尉，正，光初功曹，光初主簿，縣正，功曹，主簿，西曹，金、戶、兵、法、士等曹，市令等員。 並佐史，合一百四十六人。 上中郡，減上上郡吏屬五人。 上下郡，減上中郡四人。 中上郡，減上下郡十九人。 中中郡，減中上郡六人。 中下郡，減中中郡五人。 下上郡，減中下郡十九人。 下中郡，減下上郡五人。 下下郡，減下中郡六人。
For a commandery, a Grand Administrator, Assistant Director, Commandant, Chief, Guangchu Merit Officer, Guangchu Chief Secretary, County Chief, Merit Officer, Chief Secretary, Western Bureau, Finance, Household, Military, Law, and Scholar bureaus, Market Magistrate, and so on were appointed. With assistant clerks, one hundred forty-six persons in all. An upper-middle commandery had five fewer staff than a highest-grade commandery. An upper-lower commandery had four fewer than an upper-middle commandery. A middle-upper commandery had nineteen fewer than an upper-lower commandery. A middle-middle commandery had six fewer than a middle-upper commandery. A middle-lower commandery had five fewer than a middle-middle commandery. A lower-upper commandery had nineteen fewer than a middle-lower commandery. A lower-middle commandery had five fewer than a lower-upper commandery. A lowest-grade commandery had six fewer than a lower-middle commandery.
51
縣，置令，丞，尉，正，光初功曹，光初主簿，功曹，主簿，西曹，金、戶、兵、法、士等曹佐，及市令等員。 合九十九人。 上中縣，減上上縣吏屬四人。 上下縣，減上中縣五人。 中上縣，減上下縣十人。 中中縣，減中上縣五人。 中下縣，減中中縣五人。 下上縣，減中下縣十二人。 下中縣，減下上縣六人。 下下縣，減下中縣五人。
For a county, a Magistrate, Assistant Director, Commandant, Chief, Guangchu Merit Officer, Guangchu Chief Secretary, Merit Officer, Chief Secretary, Western Bureau, Finance, Household, Military, Law, and Scholar bureau Aides, and Market Magistrate, and so on were appointed. The total staff numbered ninety-nine. An upper-middle county had four fewer staff than a highest-grade county. An upper-lower county had five fewer than an upper-middle county. A middle-upper county had ten fewer than an upper-lower county. A middle-middle county had five fewer than a middle-upper county. A middle-lower county had five fewer than a middle-middle county. A lower-upper county had twelve fewer than a middle-lower county. A lower-middle county had six fewer than a lower-upper county. A lowest-grade county had five fewer than a lower-middle county.
52
州，置總管者，列為上中下三等。 總管刺史加使持節。
Prefectures with Area Commanders were divided into upper, middle, and lower grades. The Area Commander Regional Inspector was additionally given the Staff of Full Authority.
53
鎮，置將、副。 戍，置主、副。 關，置令、丞。 其制，官屬各立三等之差。
For garrisons, a Commander and Deputy Commander were appointed. For frontier posts, a Chief and Deputy Chief were appointed. For passes, a Magistrate and Assistant Director were appointed. Their establishments each had three grades of difference.
54
同州，總監、副監各一人，置二丞。 統食貨農圃二監、副監。 岐州亦置監、副監。 諸冶亦置三等監。 各有丞員。
For Tong Province, one Supervisor and one Deputy Supervisor each, and two Assistant Directors. It oversaw the Food and Goods and Agriculture and Gardens Supervisors and Deputy Supervisors. Qi Province also had a Supervisor and Deputy Supervisor. Smelting works also had Supervisors in three grades. Each had Assistant Director posts.
55
鹽池，置總監、副監、丞等員。 管東西南北面等四監，亦各置副監及丞。 隴右牧，置總監、副監、丞，以統諸牧。 其驊騮牧及二十四軍馬牧，每牧置儀同及尉、大都督、帥都督等員。 驢騾牧，置帥都督及尉。 原州羊牧，置大都督並尉。 原州駝牛牧，置尉。 又有皮毛監、副監及丞、錄事。 又鹽州牧監，置監及副監，置丞，統諸羊牧，牧置尉。 苑川十二馬牧，每牧置大都督及尉各一人，帥都督二人。 沙苑羊牧，置尉二人。 緣邊交市監及諸屯監，每監置監、副監各一人。 畿內者隸司農，自外隸諸州焉。
For salt pools, Grand Supervisor, Deputy Supervisor, Assistant Director, and other posts were appointed. It managed four Supervisors for east, south, west, and north, each also with a Deputy Supervisor and Assistant Director. For Longyou Pasture, a Grand Supervisor, Deputy Supervisor, and Assistant Director were appointed to oversee all pastures. For the Piebald Horse Pasture and the twenty-four army horse pastures, each pasture had Third Rank Equal Companion, Commandant, Great Area Commander, and Commandant Commander posts. For the Donkey and Mule Pasture, Commandant Commander and Commandant were appointed. For the Yuanzhou Sheep Pasture, a Great Area Commander and Commandant were appointed. For the Yuanzhou Camel and Ox Pasture, a Commandant was appointed. There were also Fur and Hide Supervisor, Deputy Supervisor, Assistant Director, and Recorder. Also for Yanchzhou Pasture Supervisor, a Supervisor and Deputy Supervisor were appointed, with an Assistant Director, overseeing all sheep pastures, each pasture with a Commandant. For the Yuanchuan twelve horse pastures, each pasture had one Great Area Commander and one Commandant, and two Commandant Commanders. For the Shayuan Sheep Pasture, two Commandants were appointed. For frontier trade Supervisors and garrison Supervisors, each Supervisor had one Supervisor and one Deputy Supervisor. Those within the capital region were subordinate to the Court of National Granaries; all others were subordinate to the various prefectures.
56
五嶽各置令，又有吳山令，以供其灑掃。
Each of the Five Sacred Mountains had a Magistrate, and there was also a Wushan Magistrate to supply sweeping and cleaning.
57
三師、王、三公，為正一品。
The Three Preceptors, Princes, and Three Dukes were Regular First Rank.
58
上柱國、郡王、國公、開國郡縣公，為從一品。
Supreme Pillar of State, Prince of a Commandery, Duke of a State, Duke of a Commandery, and Duke of a County were Secondary First Rank.
59
柱國、太子三師、特進、尚書令、左右光祿大夫、開國侯，為正二品。
Pillar of State, Crown Prince Three Preceptors, Special Advancement, Director of the Secretariat, Left and Right Grand Masters of Splendid Happiness, and Enfeoffed Marquis were Regular Second Rank.
60
上大將軍、尚書左右僕射、雍州牧、金紫光祿大夫，為從二品。
Grand General-in-Chief, Left and Right Vice Directors of the Secretariat, Governor of Yong Province, and Grand Master of the Gold Seal and Purple Ribbon were Secondary Second Rank.
61
大將軍，吏部尚書，太常、光祿、衛尉等三卿，太子三少，納言，內史令，左右衛、左右武衛、左右武候、領左右等大將軍，禮部、兵部、都官、度支、工部尚書，宗正、太僕、大理、鴻臚、司農、太府等六卿，上州刺史，京兆尹，秘書監，銀青光祿大夫，開國伯，為正三品。
General-in-Chief, Minister of Personnel, Ministers of Imperial Sacrifices, Imperial Household, and Guard Commandant, Crown Prince Three Junior Preceptors, Remonstrator, Director of the Palace Secretariat, Grand Generals of the Left and Right Guards, Martial Guards, Martial Patrol, and Command, Ministers of Rites, War, Justice, Revenue, and Public Works, Ministers of Imperial Clan, Imperial Stud, Judicial Review, State Ceremonial, National Granaries, and Imperial Treasury, Regional Inspector of an upper prefecture, Prefect of Jingzhao, Supervisor of the Imperial Library, Grand Master of the Silver Seal and Blue Ribbon, and Enfeoffed Earl were Regular Third Rank.
62
上開府儀同三司，散騎常侍，左右衛、武衛、武候、領左右、監門等將軍，國子祭酒，御史大夫，將作大匠，中州刺史，親王師，朝議大夫，為從三品。
Grand Opener of the Office with Third Rank Equal Companionship, Regular Attendant of the Unattached Cavalry, Generals of the Left and Right Guards, Martial Guards, Martial Patrol, Command, and Gate Guards, Libationer of the Directorate of Education, Grand Censor, Master Builder, Regional Inspector of a middle prefecture, and Prince's Tutor were Secondary Third Rank.
63
驃騎將軍，開府儀同三司，太常、光祿、衛尉等三少卿，太子左右衛、宗衛、內等率，尚書吏部侍郎，給事黃門侍郎，太子左庶子，宗正、太僕、大理、鴻臚、司農、太府等少卿，下州刺史，已前上階。 內史侍郎，太子右庶子，通直散騎常侍，左右監門郎將，朝散大夫，開國子，為正四品。
General of Fast Cavalry, Opener of the Office with Third Rank Equal Companionship, three Vice Ministers of Imperial Sacrifices, Imperial Household, and Guard Commandant, Commandants of the Crown Prince's Left and Right Guards, Imperial Clan Guards, and Inner Command, Vice Minister of Personnel, Supervising Secretary of the Yellow Gate, Left Subordinate of the Heir Apparent, Vice Ministers of Imperial Clan, Imperial Stud, Judicial Review, State Ceremonial, National Granaries, and Imperial Treasury, Regional Inspector of a lower prefecture—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Vice Director of the Palace Secretariat, Right Subordinate of the Heir Apparent, Regular Attendant of Direct Communication of the Unattached Cavalry, Commandant of the Left and Right Gate Guards, Grand Master for Court Dispersal, and Enfeoffed Viscount were Regular Fourth Rank.
64
上儀同三司，尚書左丞，太子左右衛、宗衛、內等副率，左右監門率，上郡太守，雍州別駕，親王府長史，太子家令，率更令、僕，內侍，城門校尉，已前上階。 尚書右丞，上鎮將軍，雍州贊務，直闔將軍，親王府司馬，諫議大夫，為從四品。
Grand Third Rank Equal Companion, Left Assistant Director of the Secretariat, Deputy Commandants of the Crown Prince's Left and Right Guards, Imperial Clan Guards, and Inner Command, Commandants of the Left and Right Gate Guards, Grand Administrator of an upper commandery, Administrative Aide of Yong Province, Chief Administrator of a princely estate, Steward of the Crown Prince, Commandant of Watch, Chamberlain, Palace Attendant, Captain of the City Gates—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Right Assistant Director of the Secretariat, Commander of an upper garrison, Assistant Administrator of Yong Province, Direct-Pavilion General, Administrator of a princely estate, and Remonstrating Grand Master were Secondary Fourth Rank.
65
車騎將軍，儀同三司，內常侍，秘書丞，國子博士，散騎侍郎，太子內舍人，太子左右監門副率，員外散騎常侍，上州長史，親王府諮議參軍事，開國男，已前上階。 尚食、尚藥典禦，上州司馬，為正五品。
General of Chariots and Cavalry, Third Rank Equal Companion, Regular Palace Attendant, Assistant Director of the Imperial Library, Erudite of the Directorate of Education, Gentleman of the Unattached Cavalry, Inner Gentlemen Attendant of the Crown Prince, Deputy Commandants of the Crown Prince's Left and Right Gate Guards, Supernumerary Regular Attendant of the Unattached Cavalry, Chief Administrator of an upper prefecture, Advisory Aide-de-Camp of a princely estate, and Enfeoffed Baron—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Palace Stewards of Imperial Food Service and Imperial Pharmacy, and Administrator of an upper prefecture were Regular Fifth Rank.
66
著作郎，通直散騎侍郎，中郡太守，直寢，太子洗馬，中州長史，奉車都尉，已前上階。 都水使者，治書侍御史，大興、長安令，大理司直，直齋，太子直閤，京兆郡丞，中州司馬，中鎮將，上鎮副，內給事，駙馬都尉，親王友，員外散騎侍郎，為從五品。
Gentleman of Compilation, Regular Attendant of Direct Communication of the Unattached Cavalry, Grand Administrator of a middle commandery, Direct-Quarters Officer, Study Companion of the Crown Prince, Chief Administrator of a middle prefecture, Commandant of Chariots in Attendance—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Commissioner of the Directorate of Waterways, Attending Secretary for Legal Documents, Magistrates of Daxing and Chang'an, Direct Investigator of Judicial Review, Direct-Fast Officer, Direct-Pavilion Officer of the Crown Prince, Assistant Director of Jingzhao Commandery, Administrator of a middle prefecture, Commander of a middle garrison, Deputy Commander of an upper garrison, Palace Supervising Secretary, Commandant of the Horse Guard, Friend of a Prince, Supernumerary Gentleman of the Unattached Cavalry were Secondary Fifth Rank.
67
翊軍、翊師將軍，尚書諸曹侍郎，內史舍人，下郡太守，大都督，親王府掾屬，下州長史，已前上階。 四征將軍，征東、征南、征西、征北。 三將軍，內軍、鎮軍、撫軍。 大理正、監、評、千牛備身左右，左右監門校尉，內尚食典禦，符璽監，禦府監，殿內監，太子內直監，下州司馬，下鎮將，中鎮副，為正六品。
Assisting Army and Assisting Master Generals, Vice Ministers of the various bureaus of the Secretariat, Gentlemen Attendant of the Palace Secretariat, Grand Administrator of a lower commandery, Great Area Commander, Assistant of a princely estate, Chief Administrator of a lower prefecture—all preceding upper sub-ranks. They comprised the Four Expeditionary Generals: East, South, West, and North. They comprised the Three Generals: Inner Army, Garrison Army, and Pacification Army. Director, Supervisor, and Evaluator of Judicial Review, Left and Right Bodyguards, Captains of the Left and Right Gate Guards, Inner Imperial Food Service Palace Steward, Supervisors of Seals and Credentials, Imperial Wardrobe, and Palace Interior, Inner Attendance Supervisor of the Crown Prince, Administrator of a lower prefecture, Commander of a lower garrison, Deputy Commander of a middle garrison were Regular Sixth Rank.
68
四平將軍，平東、平南、平西、平北。 四將軍，前軍、後軍、左軍、右軍。 通事舍人，親王文學，帥都督，左右領軍府長史，太子直寢，親王府主簿，親王府錄事參軍事，太子門大夫，給事，上縣令，已前上階。 冠軍、輔國二將軍，太子舍人，直後，三寺丞，親王府功曹、記室、倉戶曹參軍事，城門直長，太子直齋，太子副直監，太子典內，左右領軍府司馬，下鎮副，為從六品。
They comprised the Four Pacification Generals: East, South, West, and North. They comprised the Four Generals: Front, Rear, Left, and Right Armies. Gentleman for General Service, Literary Scholar of a Prince, Commandant Commander, Chief Clerk of the Left and Right Army Command, Direct-Quarters Officer of the Crown Prince, Chief Secretary of a princely estate, Recorder Aide-de-Camp of a princely estate, Grand Master of the Palace Gates of the Crown Prince, Supervising Secretary, Magistrate of an upper county—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Champion and Assisting State Generals, Gentlemen Attendant of the Crown Prince, Direct-Rear Officer, Assistant Directors of the three courts, Merit Officer and Secretariat and Granary and Household Aides-de-Camp of a princely estate, Duty Chief of the City Gates, Direct-Fast Officer of the Crown Prince, Deputy Direct Supervisor of the Crown Prince, Inner Ward Chief of the Crown Prince, Marshal of the Left and Right Army Command, Deputy Commander of a lower garrison were Secondary Sixth Rank.
69
鎮遠、安遠二將軍，員外散騎侍郎，御醫，左右衛、武衛、武候、領左右等府長史，親衛，親王府諸曹參軍事，已前上階。 建威、甯朔二將軍，六寺丞，秘書郎，著作佐郎，太子千牛備身，太子備身左右，尚食、尚藥、左右監門等直長，太子通事舍人，左右衛、武衛、武候、領左右等府司馬，都督，太子典膳、藥藏等監，太子齋帥，上戍主，為正七品。
Far Garrison and Pacifying Distance Generals, Supernumerary Gentleman of the Unattached Cavalry, Attending Physician, Chief Clerks of the Left and Right Guards, Martial Guards, Martial Patrol, and Command offices, Personal Guard, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of a princely estate—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Establishing Might and Pacifying North Generals, Assistant Directors of the six courts, Gentleman of the Imperial Library, Assistant Gentleman of Compilation, Thousand-Ox Bodyguard of the Crown Prince, Left and Right Bodyguard of the Crown Prince, Duty Chiefs of Imperial Food Service, Imperial Pharmacy, and Left and Right Gate Guards, Gentlemen for General Service of the Crown Prince, Marshals of the Left and Right Guards, Martial Guards, Martial Patrol, and Command offices, Commander, Supervisors of Palace Provisions and Medicine Storage of the Crown Prince, Fast Observance Officer of the Crown Prince, Chief of an upper frontier post were Regular Seventh Rank.
70
甯遠、振威二將軍，左右監門府長史，太子左右衛、宗衛等率，左右虞侯、左右內率等府長史，符璽、禦府、殿內等直長，上州錄事參軍事，左右領軍府掾屬，親王府東西閣祭酒，中縣令，上郡丞，太子親衛，將作丞，勳衛，親王府參軍事，上鎮長史，已前上階。 伏波、輕車二將軍，太學、太常二博士，武騎常侍，奉朝請，國子助教，親王府諸曹行參軍，太子直後，太子左右監門直長，大興、長安縣丞，太子侍醫，侍御史，太史令，上州諸曹參軍事，左右監門府、太子左右衛、左右宗衛、左右虞候、左右內率等司馬，上鎮司馬，為從七品。
Pacifying Distance and Shaking Might Generals, Chief Clerks of the Left and Right Gate Guard offices, Commandants of the Crown Prince's Left and Right Guards and Imperial Clan Guards, Chief Clerks of the Left and Right Patrol Guard and Inner Commandant offices, Duty Chiefs of Seals and Credentials, Imperial Wardrobe, and Palace Interior, Recorder Aide-de-Camp of an upper prefecture, Clerks and Assistants of the Left and Right Army Command, Libationers of the Eastern and Western Pavilions of a princely estate, Magistrate of a middle county, Assistant Director of an upper commandery, Personal Guard of the Crown Prince, Assistant Director of Palace Construction, Meritorious Guard, Aide-de-Camp of a princely estate, Chief Administrator of an upper garrison—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Subduing Waves and Light Chariot Generals, Erudites of Grand Learning and Imperial Sacrifices, Regular Attendant of Martial Cavalry, Gentleman in Attendance at Court, Assistant Instructor of the Directorate of Education, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the various bureaus of a princely estate, Direct-Rear Officer of the Crown Prince, Duty Chief of the Crown Prince's Left and Right Gate Guards, Assistant Directors of Daxing and Chang'an, Attending Physician of the Crown Prince, Attending Censor, Director of the Grand Astrologer, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of an upper prefecture, Marshals of the Left and Right Gate Guard, Crown Prince's Left and Right Guards, Imperial Clan Guards, Patrol Guard, and Inner Commandant offices, Administrator of an upper garrison were Secondary Seventh Rank.
71
宣威、明威二將軍，協律郎，都水丞，殿內將軍，太子左右監門率府長史，別將，下縣令，中郡丞，中州錄事參軍事，上上州諸曹行參軍事，親王府行參軍，左右領軍府錄事參軍事，中鎮長史，太子內坊丞，太子勳衛，已前上階。 襄威、厲威二將軍，殿內御史，掖庭、宮闈二令，上署令，公車、郊社、太廟、太祝、平准、太樂、驊騮、武庫、典客、鉤盾、左藏、太倉、左尚方、右尚方、司染、典農、京市、太官、鼓吹。 太子左右監門率府司馬，中州諸曹參軍事，左右衛、武衛、武候等府錄事參軍事，左右領軍府諸曹參軍事，內尚食丞，中戍主，上戍副，為正八品。
Spreading Might and Bright Might Generals, Director of Harmonizing Music, Assistant Director of the Directorate of Waterways, Palace Interior General, Chief Clerk of the Crown Prince's Left and Right Gate Guard Commandant offices, Separate Commander, Magistrate of a lower county, Assistant Director of a middle commandery, Recorder Aide-de-Camp of a middle prefecture, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the highest-grade prefecture, Acting Aide-de-Camp of a princely estate, Recorder Aide-de-Camp of the Left and Right Army Command, Chief Administrator of a middle garrison, Assistant Director of the Crown Prince's Inner Ward, Meritorious Guard of the Crown Prince—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Might of Xiang and Fierce Might Generals, Attending Censor for the Palace Interior, Directors of Palace Women and Inner Palace Gates, Directors of upper directorates: Imperial Carriages, Suburban and Altar Sacrifices, Imperial Ancestral Temple, Grand Sacrificers, Price Equalization, Grand Music, Piebald Horses, Armory, Receiving Guests, Palace Guard Stores, Left Treasury, Grand Granary, Left Imperial Workshop, Right Imperial Workshop, Dyeing Office, State Farms, Capital Market, Grand Kitchen, Drum and Wind. Marshals of the Crown Prince's Left and Right Gate Guard Commandant offices, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of a middle prefecture, Recorder Aides-de-Camp of the Left and Right Guards and Martial Guards offices, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of the Left and Right Army Command, Assistant Director of Inner Imperial Food Service, Chief of a middle frontier post, Deputy Chief of an upper frontier post were Regular Eighth Rank.
72
威戎、討寇二將軍，四門博士，主書，門下錄事，尚書都事，監察御史，內謁者監，上關令，中署令，太醫、右藏、黃廟、乘黃、龍廟、衣冠、守宮、華林、上林、掌冶、導官、左校、右校、牛羊、典牧。 下郡丞，下州錄事參軍事，中州諸曹行參軍，備身，左右衛、武衛、武候、領左右等府諸曹參軍事，左右領軍府諸曹行參軍，太子左右衛、宗衛、率等府錄事參軍事，下鎮長史，太子翊衛，已前上階。 蕩寇、蕩難二將軍，親王府長兼行參軍及典簽，員外將軍，統軍，太子三寺丞，中關令，奚官、內僕二令，下署令，諸陵、崇玄、太卜、車府、清商、司儀、肴藏、良醖、掌醢、甄官、廩犧。 上津尉，下州諸曹參軍事，左右衛、武衛、武候等府諸曹行參軍，領左右府鎧曹行參軍，左右監門、太子左右衛、宗衛等率，左右虞候，左右內率等府諸曹參軍事，掌船局都尉，上鎮諸曹參軍事，上縣丞，上郡尉，為從八品。
Might of the Campaign and Subduing Foe Generals, Erudite of the Four Gates, Master Scribe, Recorder of the Chancellery, Chief Clerk of the Secretariat, Investigating Censor, Supervisor of Palace Ushers, Magistrate of an upper pass, Directors of middle directorates: Imperial Physicians, Right Treasury, Yellow Treasury, Yellow Chariots, Dragon Stable, Ceremonial Garments, Palace Guard, Orchard Park, Imperial Park, Metallurgy Office, Food Processing, Left Construction Office, Right Construction Office, Cattle and Sheep, Pasture Administration. Assistant Director of a lower commandery, Recorder Aide-de-Camp of a lower prefecture, Acting Aides-de-Camp of a middle prefecture, Bodyguard, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of the Left and Right Guards, Martial Guards, Martial Patrol, and Command offices, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the Left and Right Army Command, Recorder Aides-de-Camp of the Crown Prince's Left and Right Guards, Imperial Clan Guards, and Commandant offices, Chief Administrator of a lower garrison, Escort Guard of the Crown Prince—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Expelling Foe and Expelling Hardship Generals, Chief Concurrent Acting Aide-de-Camp and Registry Clerk of a princely estate, Supernumerary General, Army Commander, Assistant Directors of the Crown Prince's three courts, Magistrate of a middle pass, Directors of Servant Women and Inner Palace Servants, Directors of lower directorates: Imperial Tombs, Daoist Studies, Grand Divination, Chariot Office, Pure Music, Ceremonial Protocol, Delicacies Storage, Fine Brew, Pickled Meats, Casting Office, Sacrificial Oxen. Captain of an upper ferry, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of a lower prefecture, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the Left and Right Guards and Martial Guards offices, Acting Aide-de-Camp for the Armor Bureau of the Command office, Commandants of the Left and Right Gate Guards, Crown Prince's Left and Right Guards, Imperial Clan Guards, Patrol Guard, and Inner Commandant offices, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of those offices, Director of the Shipping Bureau, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of an upper garrison, Assistant Director of an upper county, Commandant of an upper commandery were Secondary Eighth Rank.
73
殄寇、殄難二將軍，太學助教，太子備身，大理寺律博士，諸校書郎，都水參軍事，內史錄事，內謁者令，內寺伯，中縣丞，下關令，中津尉，下州諸曹行參軍，上州行參軍，左右監門府鎧曹行參軍，太子左右衛、宗衛、虞候府等諸曹行參軍，太子左右內率府鎧曹行參軍，左右領軍府行參軍，中鎮諸曹參軍事，上鎮士曹行參軍，中郡尉，已前上階。 掃寇、掃難二將軍，殿內司馬督，太子食官、典倉、司藏等令，尚食、尚醫、軍主、太史、掖庭、宮闈局等丞，上署丞，太子左右監門率府諸曹參軍事，中州行參軍，左右衛、武衛、武候等府行參軍，上州典簽，下戍主，上關丞，太子典膳、藥藏等局丞，下郡尉，典客署掌客，司辰師，為正九品。
Exterminating Foe and Exterminating Hardship Generals, Assistant Instructor of Grand Learning, Bodyguard of the Crown Prince, Legal Erudite of the Court of Judicial Review, various Collators, Aide-de-Camp of the Directorate of Waterways, Recorder of the Palace Secretariat, Palace Usher, Palace Domestic Chief, Assistant Director of a middle county, Magistrate of a lower pass, Captain of a middle ferry, Acting Aides-de-Camp of a lower prefecture, Acting Aide-de-Camp of an upper prefecture, Acting Aide-de-Camp for the Armor Bureau of the Gate Guard office, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the Crown Prince's Left and Right Guards, Imperial Clan Guards, and Patrol Guard offices, Acting Aide-de-Camp for the Armor Bureau of the Crown Prince's Inner Commandant office, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the Left and Right Army Command, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of a middle garrison, Acting Aide-de-Camp for the Scholar Bureau of an upper garrison, Commandant of a middle commandery—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Sweeping Foe and Sweeping Hardship Generals, Palace Interior Marshal Supervisor, Directors of Food Service, Granary Administration, and Treasury Administration of the Crown Prince, Assistant Directors of Imperial Food Service, Imperial Pharmacy, Army Chief, Grand Astrologer, Palace Women, and Inner Palace Gates bureaus, Assistant Directors of upper directorates, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of the Crown Prince's Left and Right Gate Guard Commandant offices, Acting Aide-de-Camp of a middle prefecture, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the Left and Right Guards and Martial Guards offices, Registry Clerk of an upper prefecture, Chief of a lower frontier post, Assistant Director of an upper pass, Assistant Directors of Palace Provisions and Medicine Storage bureaus of the Crown Prince, Commandant of a lower commandery, Guest Master of the Receiving Guests Directorate, Timekeeper were Regular Ninth Rank.
74
曠野、橫野二將軍，掖庭局宮教博士，太祝，太子廄牧令，太子校書，下縣丞，中署丞，左右監門率府鎧曹行參軍，下州行參軍，中州典簽，左右監門府、太子左右衛、宗衛、虞候、率府等行參軍，正字，太子內坊丞直，中關、上津丞，下鎮諸曹參軍事，中鎮士曹行參軍，上縣尉，已前上階。 偏、裨二將軍，四門助教，書算學博士，奉禮郎，員外司馬督，幢主、奚官、內僕等局丞，下署丞，下州典簽，內謁者局丞，中津丞，中縣尉，太子正字，太史監候，太官監膳，禦府局監事，左右校及掖庭監作，太史司曆，諸樂師，為從九品。
Wilderness and Cross-Field Generals, Erudite for Palace Instruction of the Palace Women Bureau, Grand Sacrificer, Director of Stud Administration of the Crown Prince, Collator of the Crown Prince, Assistant Director of a lower county, Assistant Director of a middle directorate, Acting Aide-de-Camp for the Armor Bureau of the Gate Guard Commandant office, Acting Aide-de-Camp of a lower prefecture, Registry Clerk of a middle prefecture, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the Left and Right Gate Guard, Crown Prince's Left and Right Guards, Imperial Clan Guards, Patrol Guard, and Commandant offices, Standardizer, Duty Assistant Director of the Crown Prince's Inner Ward, Assistant Directors of a middle pass and upper ferry, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of a lower garrison, Acting Aide-de-Camp for the Scholar Bureau of a middle garrison, Commandant of an upper county—all preceding upper sub-ranks. Wing and Rear Generals, Assistant Instructor of the Four Gates, Erudite of Calligraphy and Mathematics, Ceremonial Gentleman, Supernumerary Marshal Supervisor, Assistant Directors of Banner Chief, Servant Women, and Inner Palace Servants bureaus, Assistant Directors of lower directorates, Registry Clerk of a lower prefecture, Assistant Director of the Palace Ushers Bureau, Assistant Director of a middle ferry, Commandant of a middle county, Standardizer of the Crown Prince, Observatory Attendant of the Grand Astrologer, Supervisor of Meals of the Grand Kitchen, Supervisor of the Imperial Wardrobe Bureau, Construction Supervisors of the Left and Right Construction Offices and Palace Women, Calendar Officer of the Grand Astrologer, various Music Masters, were Secondary Ninth Rank.
75
又有流內視品十四等：
Fourteen ranks of outside-the-register honorary rank were also established:
76
行台尚書令，為視正二品。
The Director of the Secretariat of a Mobile Office held Honorary Regular Second Rank.
77
上總管、行台尚書僕射，為視從二品。
An Upper Area Commander and Vice Director of the Secretariat of a Mobile Office held Honorary Secondary Second Rank.
78
中總管、行台諸曹尚書，為視正三品。
A Middle Area Commander and various bureau Ministers of a Mobile Office held Honorary Regular Third Rank.
79
下總管，為視從三品。
A Lower Area Commander held Honorary Secondary Third Rank.
80
行台尚書左右丞，為視從四品。
Left and Right Assistant Directors of the Secretariat of a Mobile Office held Honorary Secondary Fourth Rank.
81
同州總監、隴右牧總監，為視從五品。
The Supervisor of Tong Province and Grand Supervisor of Longyou Pasture held Honorary Secondary Fifth Rank.
82
行台諸曹侍郎，為視正六品。
Vice Ministers of the various bureaus of a Mobile Office held Honorary Regular Sixth Rank.
83
上柱國、嗣王、郡王、柱國府長史、司馬、諮議參軍事，鹽池總監，同州、隴右牧總副監，王、二王后國令，為視從六品。
Chief Clerk, Marshal, and Advisory Aide-de-Camp of the offices of Supreme Pillar of State, Heir Prince, Prince of a Commandery, and Pillar of State, Supervisor of Salt Pools, Deputy Supervisors of Tong Province and Longyou Pasture, and State Director of Princes and Consorts of the Two Kings held Honorary Secondary Sixth Rank.
84
上大將軍、大將軍府長史、司馬，上柱國、嗣王、郡王、柱國府掾屬，嗣王文學，公國令，王、二王后大農尉、典衛，為視正七品。
Chief Clerk and Marshal of the offices of Grand General-in-Chief and General-in-Chief, Assistant of the offices of Supreme Pillar of State, Heir Prince, Prince of a Commandery, and Pillar of State, Literary Scholar of the Heir Prince, and State Director of a Duke held Honorary Regular Seventh Rank.
85
上開府、開府府長史、司馬，上大將軍、大將軍府掾屬，上柱國、嗣王、郡王、柱國府諸曹參軍事，鹽池總副監，鹽州牧監，諸屯監，國子學生，侯、伯國令，公國大農尉、典衛、雍州薩保，為視從七品。
Chief Clerk and Marshal of the offices of Grand Opener of the Office and Opener of the Office, Assistant of the offices of Grand General-in-Chief and General-in-Chief, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of the offices of Supreme Pillar of State, Heir Prince, Prince of a Commandery, and Pillar of State, Deputy Supervisor of Salt Pools, Pasture Supervisor of Yanchzhou, Garrison Supervisors, students of the Directorate of Education, State Director of Marquis and Earl, Grand Agriculture Commandant and Palace Guard Officer of a Duke, and Yong Province Sabaobao held Honorary Secondary Seventh Rank.
86
上儀同、儀同府長史、司馬，上大將軍、大將軍府諸曹參軍事，上柱國、嗣王、郡王、柱國府參軍事，諸曹行參軍，行台諸監，同州諸監，鹽池四面監，皮毛監，岐州監，同州總監、隴右牧監等丞，諸大冶監，雍州州都主簿，子、男國令，侯、伯國大農尉、典衛，王、二王后國常侍，為視正八品。
Chief Clerk and Marshal of the offices of Grand Third Rank Equal Companion and Third Rank Equal Companion, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of the offices of Grand General-in-Chief and General-in-Chief, Aides-de-Camp of the offices of Supreme Pillar of State, Heir Prince, Prince of a Commandery, and Pillar of State, Acting Aides-de-Camp, Supervisors of a Mobile Office, Supervisors of Tong Province, four Supervisors of Salt Pools, Fur and Hide Supervisor, Supervisor of Qi Province, Assistant Directors of the Supervisors of Tong Province and Longyou Pasture, Supervisors of major smelting works, Chief Secretary of the Provincial Chief of Yong Province, State Director of Viscount and Baron, Grand Agriculture Commandant and Palace Guard Officer of Marquis and Earl, and Regular Attendant of the state of Princes and Consorts of the Two Kings held Honorary Regular Eighth Rank.
87
行台尚書都事，上開府、開府府諸曹參軍事，上大將軍、大將軍府參軍事、諸曹行參軍，上柱國、嗣王、郡王、柱國府行參軍，五嶽、四瀆、吳山等令，鹽池四面副監，諸皮毛副監，行台諸副監，諸屯副監，諸中冶監，諸緣邊交市監，鹽池總監丞，諸州州都主簿，雍州西曹書佐、諸曹從事，京兆郡正功曹，太學生，子、男國大農、典衛，為視從八品。
Chief Clerk of the Secretariat of a Mobile Office, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of the offices of Grand Opener of the Office and Opener of the Office, Aides-de-Camp and Acting Aides-de-Camp of the offices of Grand General-in-Chief and General-in-Chief, Acting Aides-de-Camp and Registry Clerks of the offices of Supreme Pillar of State, Heir Prince, Prince of a Commandery, and Pillar of State, Magistrates of the Five Sacred Mountains, Four Rivers, and Wushan, Deputy Supervisors of the four sides of Salt Pools, various Fur and Hide Deputy Supervisors, Deputy Supervisors of a Mobile Office, Garrison Deputy Supervisors, Supervisors of medium smelting works, Frontier Trade Supervisors, Assistant Director of the Salt Pool Grand Supervisor, Chief Secretaries of the Provincial Chiefs of the various prefectures, Western Bureau Secretary and various bureau Aides of Yong Province, Chief Merit Officer of Jingzhao Commandery, students of Grand Learning, Grand Agriculture Officer and Palace Guard Officer of Viscount and Baron held Honorary Secondary Eighth Rank.
88
開府府法曹行參軍，上儀同、儀同府諸曹參軍事，上大將軍、大將軍府行參軍，上柱國、嗣王、郡王、柱國府典簽，同州諸副監，岐州副監，諸小冶監，鹽州牧監丞，諸大冶監丞，諸緣邊交市副監，諸郡正、功曹，京兆郡主簿，諸州西曹書佐、祭酒從事，雍州部郡從事，公國常侍，王、二王后國侍郎，公主家令，諸州胡二百戶已上薩保，為視正九品。
Law Bureau Acting Aide-de-Camp of the Opener of the Office, various bureau Aides-de-Camp of the offices of Grand Third Rank Equal Companion and Third Rank Equal Companion, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the offices of Grand General-in-Chief and General-in-Chief, Registry Clerks of the offices of Supreme Pillar of State, Heir Prince, Prince of a Commandery, and Pillar of State, Deputy Supervisors of Tong Province, Deputy Supervisor of Qi Province, Supervisors of minor smelting works, Assistant Director of the Yanchzhou Pasture Supervisor, Assistant Directors of major smelting works, Deputy Supervisors of Frontier Trade, Commandery Chiefs and Merit Officers, Chief Secretary of Jingzhao Commandery, Western Bureau Secretaries and Libationer Aides of the various prefectures, Department Commandery Aide of Yong Province, Regular Attendant of a Duke's state, Vice Minister of the state of Princes and Consorts of the Two Kings, Steward of a Princess, and Sabaobao of various prefectures with more than two hundred Hu households held Honorary Regular Ninth Rank.
89
儀同府法曹行參軍，上開府、開府府行參軍，上大將軍、大將軍府典簽，上儀同、儀同府行參軍，上開府府典簽，行台諸監丞，鹽池四面監丞，皮毛監丞，諸中冶監丞，四門學生，諸郡主簿，諸州部郡從事，雍州武猛從事，大興、長安縣正、功曹、主簿，侯、伯、子、男國常侍，公國侍郎，為視從九品。
Law Bureau Acting Aide-de-Camp of the Third Rank Equal Companion office, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the offices of Grand Opener of the Office and Opener of the Office, Registry Clerks of the offices of Grand General-in-Chief and General-in-Chief, Acting Aides-de-Camp of the offices of Grand Third Rank Equal Companion and Third Rank Equal Companion, Registry Clerks of the Grand Opener of the Office, Assistant Directors of the Supervisors of a Mobile Office, Assistant Directors of the four Supervisors of Salt Pools, Assistant Director of the Fur and Hide Supervisor, Assistant Directors of medium smelting works, students of the Four Gates, Chief Secretaries of the various commanderies, Department Commandery Aides of the various prefectures, Martial Aide of Yong Province, Chiefs, Merit Officers, and Chief Secretaries of Daxing and Chang'an, Regular Attendants of the states of Marquis, Earl, Viscount, and Baron, and Vice Ministers of a Duke's state held Honorary Secondary Ninth Rank.
90
又有流外勳品、二品、三品、四品、五品、六品、七品、八品、九品之差。 又視流外，亦有視勳品、視二品、視三品、視四品、視五品、視六品、視七品、視八品、視九品之差。 極於胥吏矣，皆無上下階雲。
There were also differences among outside-the-register merit ranks of second through ninth grades. Among outside-the-register honorary ranks, there were also differences among honorary merit rank and honorary second through ninth grades. This extended down to clerks, and none had upper or lower sub-ranks.
91
京官正一品，祿九百石，其下每以百石為差，至正四品，是為三百石。 從四品，二百五十石，其下每以五十石為差，至正六品，是為百石。 從六品，九十石，以下每以十石為差，至從八品，是為五十石。 食封及官不判事者，並九品，皆不給祿。 其給皆以春秋二季。 刺史、太守、縣令，則計戶而給祿，各以戶數為九等之差。 大州六百二十石，其下每以四十石為差，至於下下，則三百石。 大郡三百四十石，其下每以三十石為差，至於下下，則百石。 大縣百四十石，其下每以十石為差，至於下下，則六十石。 其祿唯及刺史二佐及郡守、縣令。
Capital officials of Regular First Rank received nine hundred shi in salary; below that, each rank differed by one hundred shi, down to Regular Fourth Rank at three hundred shi. Secondary Fourth Rank received two hundred fifty shi; below that, each rank differed by fifty shi, down to Regular Sixth Rank at one hundred shi. Secondary Sixth Rank received ninety shi; below that, each rank differed by ten shi, down to Secondary Eighth Rank at fifty shi. Those with enfeoffment income and officials who did not decide cases were all ninth rank and received no salary. Payment was made in the spring and autumn seasons. For Regional Inspectors, Grand Administrators, and Magistrates, salary was calculated by households, with nine grades of difference according to household count. A large prefecture received six hundred twenty shi; below that, each grade differed by forty shi, down to the lowest grade at three hundred shi. A large commandery received three hundred forty shi; below that, each grade differed by thirty shi, down to the lowest grade at one hundred shi. A large county received one hundred forty shi; below that, each grade differed by ten shi, down to the lowest grade at sixty shi. Salary applied only to Regional Inspectors, their two aides, Grand Administrators, and Magistrates.
92
三年四月，詔尚書左僕射，掌判吏部、禮部、兵部三尚書事，御史糾不當者，兼糾彈之。 尚書右僕射，掌判都官、度支、工部三尚書事，又知用度。 餘皆依舊。 尋改度支尚書為戶部尚書，都官尚書為刑部尚書。 諸曹侍郎及內史舍人，並加為從五品。 增置通事舍人十二員，通舊為二十四員。 廢光祿寺及都水台入司農，廢衛尉入太常尚書省，廢鴻臚亦入太常。 罷大理寺監、評及律博士員，加置正為四人。 罷郡，以州統縣，改別駕、贊務，以為長史、司馬。 舊周、齊州郡縣職，自州都、郡縣正已下，皆州郡將縣令至而調用，理時事。 至是不知時事，直謂之鄉官。 別置品官，皆吏部除授，每歲考殿最。 刺史、縣令，三年一遷，佐官四年一遷。 佐官以曹為名者，並改為司。 六年，尚書省二十四司，各置員外郎一人，以司其曹之籍帳。 侍郎闕，則厘其曹事。 吏部又別置朝議、通議、朝請、朝散、給事、承奉、儒林、文林等八郎，武騎、屯騎、驍騎、遊騎、飛騎、旅騎、雲騎、羽騎八尉。 其品則正六品以下，從九品以上。 上階為郎，下階為尉。 散官番直，常出使監檢。 罷門下省員外散騎常侍、奉朝請、通事令史員，及左右衛、殿內將軍，司馬督，武騎常侍等員。
In the fourth month of the third year, an edict ordered the Left Vice Director of the Secretariat to oversee and decide the affairs of the three Ministers of Personnel, Rites, and War; the Censorate would impeach improper conduct and also conduct impeachment and investigation. The Right Vice Director of the Secretariat oversaw and decided the affairs of the three Ministers of Justice, Revenue, and Public Works, and also managed expenditures. All else followed the old practice. Soon the Minister of Revenue was renamed Minister of Households, and the Minister of Justice was renamed Minister of Punishments. Vice Ministers of the various bureaus and Gentlemen Attendants of the Palace Secretariat were all promoted to Secondary Fifth Rank. Twelve Gentlemen for General Service were added, making twenty-four in all with the existing posts. The Court of Imperial Household and Directorate of Waterways were abolished and merged into the Court of National Granaries; the Guard Commandant was abolished and merged into the Court of Imperial Sacrifices and the Secretariat; State Ceremonial was also merged into Imperial Sacrifices. The Supervisor and Evaluator of the Court of Judicial Review and Legal Erudite posts were abolished; Directors of Review were increased to four. Commanderies were abolished; prefectures governed counties; Administrative Aides and Assistant Administrators were renamed Chief Administrator and Administrator. Under the old Northern Zhou and Qi prefecture and county posts, from Provincial Chief and Commandery and County Chiefs downward, all were appointed and transferred by prefectural and commandery generals and county magistrates to manage current affairs. From this point they no longer managed current affairs and were simply called local officials. Separate ranked officials were appointed, all selected and appointed by the Ministry of Personnel, with annual evaluation of performance. Regional Inspectors and Magistrates were transferred every three years; aide officials every four years. Aide officials whose bureaus were named Cao were all renamed Si. In the sixth year, each of the twenty-four bureaus of the Secretariat appointed one Supernumerary Vice Minister to manage the bureau registers. When a Vice Minister was absent, he managed the bureau affairs. The Ministry of Personnel also separately appointed eight Gentlemen: Court Discussion, General Discussion, Court Request, Court Dispersal, Supervising Secretary, Presentation, Forest of Letters, and Forest of Literature; and eight Commandants: Martial Cavalry, Garrison Cavalry, Valiant Cavalry, Roaming Cavalry, Flying Cavalry, Travel Cavalry, Cloud Cavalry, and Feather Cavalry. Their ranks ranged from Regular Sixth Rank downward to Secondary Ninth Rank upward. The upper sub-ranks were Gentlemen; the lower sub-ranks were Commandants. Honorary officials stood rotation duty and were often sent out on inspection missions. Supernumerary Regular Attendant of the Unattached Cavalry, Gentlemen in Attendance at Court, General Clerks of the Chancellery, and posts of the Left and Right Guards, Palace Interior Generals, Marshal Supervisors, Regular Attendant of Martial Cavalry, and others were abolished.
93
十二年，複置光祿、衛尉、鴻臚等寺。 諸州司以從事為名者，改為參軍。
In the twelfth year, the courts of Imperial Household, Guard Commandant, and State Ceremonial were restored. Prefectural bureaus named Aide were renamed Aide-de-Camp.
94
十三年，複置都水台。 國子寺罷隸太常，又改寺為學。
In the thirteenth year, the Directorate of Waterways was restored. The Directorate of Education ceased to be subordinate to Imperial Sacrifices, and the directorate was renamed a school.
95
十四年，諸省各置主事令史員。 改九等州縣為上、中、中下、下，凡四等。
In the fourteenth year, each department appointed Chief Clerk posts. The nine-grade prefectures and counties were changed to upper, middle, middle-lower, and lower—four grades in all.
96
十五年，罷州縣、鄉官。
In the fifteenth year, prefecture, county, and local officials were abolished.
97
十六年，內侍省加置內主事員二十人，以承門閣。
In the sixteenth year, the Department of Palace Domestic Service added twenty Inner Chief Clerk posts to receive visitors at gates and pavilions.
98
十八年，置備身府。
In the eighteenth year, the Bodyguard Office was established.
99
二十年，改將作寺為監，以大匠為大監。 初加置副監。
In the twentieth year, the Directorate of Palace Construction was changed to a Directorate, with the Master Builder as Grand Supervisor. Deputy Supervisors were initially added.
100
仁壽元年，改都水台為監，更名使者為監。 罷國子學，唯立太學一所，置博士五人，從五品，學生七十二人。
In the first year of Renshou, the Directorate of Waterways was changed to a Directorate, and Commissioners were renamed Supervisors. The Directorate of Education was abolished; only one Grand Learning school was established, with five Erudites of Secondary Fifth Rank and seventy-two students.
101
三年，監門府又置門候一百二十人。
In the third year, the Gate Guard office added one hundred twenty Gate Attendants.
102
尚書省六曹，各侍郎一人，以貳尚書之職。 又增左、右丞階，與六侍郎並正四品。 諸曹侍郎並改為郎。 又改吏部為選部郎，戶部為人部郎，禮部為儀曹郎，兵部為兵曹郎，刑部為憲部郎，工部為起部郎，以異六侍郎之名，廢諸司員外郎，而每增置一曹郎，各為二員。 都司郎各一人，品同曹郎，掌都事之職，以都事為正八品，分隸六尚書。 諸司主事，並去令史之名。 其令史隨曹閑劇而置。 每十令史置一主事，不滿十者亦置一人。 其餘四省三台，亦皆曰令史，九寺五監諸衛府，則皆曰府史。 後又改主客郎為司蕃郎。 尋又每減一郎，置承務郎一人，同員外之職。
Each of the six bureaus of the Secretariat had one Vice Minister to assist the Ministers. The ranks of the Left and Right Assistant Directors were also raised, making them and the six Vice Ministers all Regular Fourth Rank. Vice Ministers of the various bureaus were all renamed Lang. The Ministry of Personnel was renamed Selection Bureau Lang, Households renamed Personnel Bureau Lang, Rites renamed Ceremonial Bureau Lang, War renamed Military Bureau Lang, Punishments renamed Legal Bureau Lang, and Public Works renamed Construction Bureau Lang, to distinguish them from the six Vice Ministers; Supernumerary Vice Ministers of the various bureaus were abolished, and one additional bureau Lang was added to each, two in all. One Chief Affairs Lang was appointed for each bureau, equal in rank to the bureau Lang, managing the duties of the Chief Clerks; Chief Clerks became Regular Eighth Rank and were distributed among the six Ministers. Chief Clerks of the various bureaus all dropped the name Ling Shi. Ling Shi were appointed according to the busyness or leisure of each bureau. For every ten Ling Shi, one Chief Clerk was appointed; where there were fewer than ten, one was still appointed. The other four departments and three bureaus also all used the name Ling Shi; the nine courts, five directorates, and various guard offices all used the name Fu Shi. Soon the Receiving Guests Lang was renamed Foreign Affairs Lang. Soon one Lang was reduced from each bureau, and one Associate Clerk was appointed, with duties like a Supernumerary Vice Minister.
103
舊都督已上，至上柱國，凡十一等，及八郎、八尉、四十三號將軍官，皆罷之。 並省朝議大夫。 自一品至九品，置光祿、從一品。 左右光祿、左正二品，右從二品。 金紫、正三品。 銀青光祿、從三品。 正議、正四品。 通議、從四品。 朝請、正五品。 朝散從五品。 等九大夫，建節、正六品。 奮武、從六品。 宣惠、正七品。 綏德、從七品。 懷仁、正八品。 守義、從八品。 奉誠、正九品。 立信從九品。 等八尉，以為散職。 開皇中，以開府儀同三司為四品散實官，至是改為從一品，同漢、魏之制，位次王公。 門下省減給事黃門侍郎員，置二人，去給事之名，移吏部給事郎名為門下之職，位次黃門下。 置員四人，從五品，省讀奉案。 廢散騎常侍、通直散騎常侍、諫議大夫、散騎侍郎等常員。 改符璽監為郎，置員二人，為從六品。 加錄事階為正八品。 以城門、殿內、尚食、尚藥、禦府等五局隸殿內省。 十二年，又改納言為侍內。
The old ranks from Area Commander upward to Supreme Pillar of State—eleven grades in all—and the eight Gentlemen, eight Commandants, and forty-three designation generals were all abolished. Court Discussion Grand Master was also abolished. From First Rank to Ninth Rank, Splendid Happiness was established; Secondary First Rank. Left and Right Splendid Happiness: Left Regular Second Rank, Right Secondary Second Rank. Gold Seal and Purple Ribbon: Regular Third Rank. Silver Seal and Blue Splendid Happiness: Secondary Third Rank. Court Discussion: Regular Fourth Rank. General Discussion: Secondary Fourth Rank. Court Request: Regular Fifth Rank. Court Dispersal: Secondary Fifth Rank. Establishing Staff: Regular Sixth Rank. Striving Martial: Secondary Sixth Rank. Spreading Favor: Regular Seventh Rank. Pacifying Virtue held Secondary Seventh Rank. Cherishing Benevolence held Regular Eighth Rank. Keeping Righteousness held Secondary Eighth Rank. Maintaining Sincerity held Regular Ninth Rank. Establishing Trust held Secondary Ninth Rank. These eight Commandants served as honorary posts. In the Kaihuang reign, Opener of the Office with Third Rank Equal Companionship was a Fourth Rank honorary substantive post; now it was changed to Secondary First Rank, following Han and Wei practice, ranking below princes and dukes. The Chancellery reduced Supervising Secretaries of the Yellow Gate and appointed two, removing the Supervising Secretary name; the Ministry of Personnel's Gentlemen Attendant title was moved to the Chancellery, ranking below the Yellow Gate. Four posts were appointed, Secondary Fifth Rank, reviewing memorials and cases. Regular Attendant of the Unattached Cavalry, Regular Attendant of Direct Communication of the Unattached Cavalry, Remonstrating Grand Master, Gentleman of the Unattached Cavalry, and other regular posts were abolished. The Seals and Credentials Supervisor was renamed Lang, with two posts, Secondary Sixth Rank. The Recorder rank was raised to Regular Eighth Rank. The five bureaus of City Gates, Palace Interior, Imperial Food Service, Imperial Pharmacy, and Imperial Wardrobe were placed under the Department of the Palace Interior. In the twelfth year, Remonstrator was again renamed Palace Attendant.
104
內史省減侍郎員為二人，減內史舍人員為四人。 加置起居舍人員二人，從六品。 次舍人下。 改通事舍人員為謁者台職。 減主書員，置四人，加為正八品。 十二年，改內史為內書。
The Palace Secretariat reduced Vice Directors to two and Gentlemen Attendants to four. Two Gentlemen Attendants for Daily Record were added, Secondary Sixth Rank. They ranked below Gentlemen Attendants. Gentlemen for General Service were changed to posts of the Bureau of Ushers. Master Scribes were reduced to four, promoted to Regular Eighth Rank. In the twelfth year, Palace Secretariat was renamed Inner Secretariat.
105
殿內省置監、正四品。 少監、從四品。 丞，從五品。 各一人，掌諸供奉。 又有奉車都尉十二人，掌進禦輿馬。 統尚食、尚藥、尚衣、尚舍、尚乘、尚輦等六局，各置奉禦二人，正五品。 皆置直長，以貳之。 正七品。 尚食直長六人，又有食醫員。 尚藥直長四人，又有侍御醫、司醫、醫佐員。 尚衣即舊禦府也，改名之，有直長四人。 尚舍即舊殿中局也，改名之，有直長八人。 尚乘局置左右六閑：一左右飛黃閑，二左右吉良閑，三左右龍媒閑，四左右騊駼閑，五左右駃騠閑，六左右天苑閑。 有直長十四人，又有奉乘十人。 尚輦有直長四人，又有掌輦六人。 城門置校尉一人，降為正五品。 後又改校尉為城門郎，置員四人，從六品。 自殿內省隸為門下省官。
The Department of the Palace Interior appointed one Supervisor, Regular Fourth Rank. Deputy Supervisor held Secondary Fourth Rank. Assistant Director held Secondary Fifth Rank. One each, managing all attendance and supply. There were also twelve Commandants of Chariots in Attendance, managing imperial chariots and horses. It oversaw the six bureaus of Imperial Food Service, Imperial Pharmacy, Imperial Garments, Imperial Quarters, Imperial Mounts, and Imperial Palanquin, each with two Palace Stewards, Regular Fifth Rank. Each also had Duty Chiefs as deputies. They held Regular Seventh Rank. Imperial Food Service had six Duty Chiefs, and also Dietary Physician posts. Imperial Pharmacy had four Duty Chiefs, and also Attending Physician, Medical Officer, and Medical Assistant posts. Imperial Garments was the old Imperial Wardrobe, renamed; it had four Duty Chiefs. Imperial Quarters was the old Palace Interior Bureau, renamed; it had eight Duty Chiefs. The Imperial Mounts Bureau established six stables at left and right: first, Left and Right Flying Yellow; second, Left and Right Auspicious Fine; third, Left and Right Dragon Matchmaker; fourth, Left and Right Taotu; fifth, Left and Right Kuiqi; sixth, Left and Right Heavenly Park. There were fourteen Duty Chiefs, and also ten Chariot Attendants. Imperial Palanquin had four Duty Chiefs, and also six Palanquin Bearers. The City Gates Bureau had one Captain, reduced to Regular Fifth Rank. Later the Captain was renamed City Gate Lang, with four posts, Secondary Sixth Rank. It was removed from the Department of the Palace Interior and made a Chancellery office.
106
秘書省降監為從三品，增置少監一人。 從四品。 增著作郎階為正五品，減校書郎為十人。 改太史局為監，進令階為從五品，又減丞為一人。 置司辰師八人，增置監候為十人。 其後又改監、少監為令、少令。 增秘書郎為從五品，加置佐郎四人，從六品。 以貳郎之職。 降著作郎階為從五品。 又置儒林郎十人，正七品。 掌明經待問，唯詔所使。 文林郎二十人，從八品。 掌撰錄文史，檢討舊事。 此二郎皆上在籓已來直司學士。 增校書郎員四十人，加置楷書郎員二十人，從九品。 掌抄寫禦書。
The Imperial Library reduced the Supervisor to Secondary Third Rank and added one Deputy Supervisor. Deputy Supervisor held Secondary Fourth Rank. The rank of Gentleman of Compilation was raised to Regular Fifth Rank, and Collators were reduced to ten. The Grand Astrologer Bureau was changed to a Directorate; the Director's rank was raised to Secondary Fifth Rank, and Assistant Directors were reduced to one. Eight Timekeepers were appointed, and Observatory Attendants were increased to ten. Later Supervisor and Deputy Supervisor were again renamed Director and Vice Director. Gentlemen of the Imperial Library were raised to Secondary Fifth Rank, and four Assistant Gentlemen were added, Secondary Sixth Rank. They served as deputies to the Gentlemen. The rank of Gentleman of Compilation was reduced to Secondary Fifth Rank. Ten Forest of Letters Gentlemen were also appointed, Regular Seventh Rank. They clarified the Classics and answered inquiries, acting only on imperial command. Twenty Forest of Literature Gentlemen held Secondary Eighth Rank. They compiled and recorded literary and historical materials and examined past events. These two Lang ranks were academicians who had served the emperor since his time as heir. Collators were increased to forty, and twenty Copyist Lang were added, Secondary Ninth Rank. They copied imperial books.
107
御史台增治書侍御史為正五品。 省殿內御史員，增監察御史員十六人，加階為從七品。 開皇中，御史直宿禁中，至是罷其制。 又置主簿、錄事員各二人。 五年，又降大夫階為正四品，減治書侍御史為從五品； 增侍御史為正七品，唯掌侍從糾察，其台中簿領，皆治書侍御史主之。 後又增置御史，從九品，尋又省。
The Censorate raised Attending Secretaries for Legal Documents to Regular Fifth Rank. Attending Censors for the Palace Interior were abolished; Investigating Censors were increased to sixteen and promoted to Secondary Seventh Rank. In the Kaihuang reign, censors stood night duty in the Forbidden Palace; now that practice was abolished. Chief Secretary and Recorder posts, two each, were also appointed. In the fifth year, the Grand Censor's rank was reduced to Regular Fourth Rank, and Attending Secretaries for Legal Documents to Secondary Fifth Rank. Attending Censors were raised to Regular Seventh Rank and were responsible only for attendance and investigation; all bureau records within the Censorate were managed by Attending Secretaries for Legal Documents. Censors were later added, Secondary Ninth Rank, but soon abolished again.
108
謁者台大夫一人，從四品。 五年，改為正四品。 掌受詔勞問，出使慰撫，持節察授，及受冤枉而申奏之。 駕出，對御史引駕。 置司朝謁者二人以貳之。 從五品。 屬官有丞一人，主簿、錄事各一人等員。 又有通事謁者二十人，從六品。 即內史通事舍人之職也。 次有議郎二十四人，通直三十六人，將事謁者三十人，謁者七十人，皆掌出使。 其後廢議郎，通直、將事謁者，謁者等員，而置員外郎八十員。 尋詔門下、內史、御史、司隸、謁者五司，監受表，以為恆式，不復專謁者矣。 尋又置散騎郎，從五品，二十人，承議郎、正六品。 通直郎，從六品。 各三十人，宣德郎、正七品。 宣義郎，從七品，各四十人，從事郎、正八品。 將仕郎、從八品。 常從郎、正九品。 奉信郎，從九品。 各五十人，是為正員。 並得祿當品。 又各有散員郎，無員無祿。 尋改常從為登仕，奉信為散從。 自散騎已下，皆主出使，量事大小，據品以發之。
Grand Master of the Bureau of Ushers held Secondary Fourth Rank. In the fifth year, it was changed to Regular Fourth Rank. He received edicts for condolences and inquiries, went on missions to comfort and soothe, bore the Staff of Authority for inspection and appointment, and received grievances to report upward. When the emperor went out, he paired with the Censor to lead the procession. Two Court Attending Ushers were appointed as deputies. They held Secondary Fifth Rank. Subordinate officials included one Assistant Director, one Chief Secretary, and one Recorder, and so on. There were also twenty Gentlemen Ushers for General Service, Secondary Sixth Rank. These were the duties of the Gentlemen for General Service of the Palace Secretariat. Next were twenty-four Discussion Lang, thirty-six Direct Communication Lang, thirty Gentlemen Ushers for General Service, and seventy Ushers—all charged with going on missions. Later Discussion Lang, Direct Communication Lang, Gentlemen Ushers for General Service, and Usher posts were abolished, and eighty Supernumerary Vice Ministers were appointed. Soon an edict made the Chancellery, Palace Secretariat, Censorate, Directorate of Corrections, and Bureau of Ushers five offices to receive memorials as a permanent practice, and Ushers no longer had exclusive charge. Soon Unattached Cavalry Lang were appointed, Secondary Fifth Rank, twenty persons; Presentation Lang, Regular Sixth Rank. Direct Communication Lang held Secondary Sixth Rank. Thirty each; Spreading Virtue Lang held Regular Seventh Rank. Spreading Righteousness Lang, Secondary Seventh Rank, forty each; Attending Lang, Regular Eighth Rank. Awaiting Appointment Lang held Secondary Eighth Rank. Regular Attendance Lang held Regular Ninth Rank. Trustworthy Attendance Lang held Secondary Ninth Rank. Fifty each—these were the regular posts. All received salary according to rank. Each also had Supernumerary Lang with no fixed quota and no salary. Soon Regular Attendance was renamed Entering Service, and Trustworthy Attendance was renamed Dispersed Attendance. From Unattached Cavalry downward, all were charged with going on missions, dispatching personnel according to rank according to the size of the task.
109
司隸台大夫一人，正四品。 掌諸巡察。 別駕二人，從五品。 分察畿內，一人案東都，一人案京師。 刺史十四人，正六品。 巡察畿外。 諸郡從事四十人，副刺史巡察。 其所掌六條：一察品官以上理政能不。 二察官人貪殘害政。 三察豪強奸猾，侵害下人，及田宅逾制，官司不能禁止者。 四察水旱蟲災，不以實言，枉征賦役，及無災妄蠲免者。 五察部內賊盜，不能窮逐，隱而不申者。 六察德行孝悌，茂才異行，隱不貢者。 每年二月，乘軺巡郡縣，十月入奏。 置丞、從六品。 主簿、從八品。 錄事從九品。 各一人，後又罷司隸台，而留司隸從事之名，不為常員。 臨時選京官清明者，權攝以行。
Grand Master of the Directorate of Corrections held Regular Fourth Rank. He managed all inspection and investigation. Two Administrative Aides held Secondary Fifth Rank. They divided inspection within the capital region; one investigated the Eastern Capital, one the capital. Fourteen Regional Inspectors held Regular Sixth Rank. They inspected outside the capital region. Forty Commandery Aides assisted the Regional Inspectors in inspection. They were charged with six categories: first, to inspect whether ranked officials of third rank and above governed effectively. Second, to inspect whether officials were greedy, cruel, and harmful in government. Third, to inspect powerful families and cunning persons who oppressed commoners, and those whose fields and residences exceeded regulations whom officials could not restrain. Fourth, to inspect those who did not report floods, droughts, insects, and disasters truthfully, wrongly levied corvée and taxes, or falsely granted tax relief where there was no disaster. Fifth, to inspect thieves and bandits within the jurisdiction who could not be pursued and captured, or were concealed and not reported. Sixth, to inspect those of virtuous conduct, filial piety, and exceptional talent who were concealed and not recommended. Every year in the second month they rode light carriages to inspect commanderies and counties, and in the tenth month entered court to report. One Assistant Director was appointed, Secondary Sixth Rank. Chief Secretary held Secondary Eighth Rank. Recorder held Secondary Ninth Rank. One each; later the Directorate of Corrections was abolished, but the name Corrections Aide was retained, not as a regular post. Capital officials of integrity were temporarily selected and appointed to serve.
110
光祿已下八寺卿，皆降為從三品。 少卿各加置二人，為從四品。 諸寺上署令，並增為正六品，中署令為從六品，下置令為正七品。 始開皇中，署司唯典掌受納，至是署令為判首，取二卿判。 丞唯知勾檢。 令闕，丞判。 五年，寺丞並增為從五品。
Ministers of the eight courts from Imperial Household downward were all reduced to Secondary Third Rank. Two Vice Ministers were added to each, Secondary Fourth Rank. Directors of upper directorates were all raised to Regular Sixth Rank; middle directorates to Secondary Sixth Rank; lower directorates to Regular Seventh Rank. At the beginning of Kaihuang, directorate bureaus only managed receipt and disbursement; now the Director was the chief deciding officer, taking decisions from the two Ministers. Assistant Directors only managed verification. When the Director was absent, the Assistant Director decided. In the fifth year, court Assistant Directors were all raised to Secondary Fifth Rank.
111
太常寺罷太祝署，而留太祝員八人，屬寺。 後又增為十人。 奉禮減置六人。 太廟署又置陰室丞，守視陰室。 改樂師為樂正，置十人。 太卜又省博士員，置太卜卜正二十人，以掌其事。 太醫又置醫監五人，正十人。 罷衣冠、清商二署。
The Court of Imperial Sacrifices abolished the Grand Sacrificers Directorate but retained eight Grand Sacrificer posts, subordinate to the court. Later they were increased to ten. Ceremonial Gentlemen were reduced to six. The Imperial Ancestral Temple Directorate also appointed an Assistant Director for the Inner Chamber, who guarded and watched the Inner Chamber. Music Masters were renamed Music Directors, with ten appointed. Grand Divination also abolished Erudite posts and appointed twenty Grand Divination Directors to manage its affairs. Imperial Physicians also appointed five Medical Supervisors and ten Chief Physicians. The Ceremonial Garments and Pure Music directorates were abolished.
112
太僕減驊騮署入殿內尚乘局，改龍廄曰典廄署，有左、右駁皁二廄。 加置主乘、司庫、司廩官。 罷牛羊署。
Imperial Stud reduced the Piebald Horses Directorate and merged it into the Imperial Mounts Bureau of the Department of the Palace Interior; Dragon Stable was renamed Stud Administration Directorate, with Left and Right Piebald and Black stables. Chief Charioteer, Treasury Officer, and Granary Officer were added. The Cattle and Sheep Directorate was abolished.
113
大理寺丞改為勾檢官，增正員為六人，分判獄事。 置司直十六人，降為從六品，後加至二十人。 又置評事四十八人，掌頗同司直，正九品。
Assistant Directors of the Court of Judicial Review were changed to verification officers; regular Directors were increased to six, dividing judgment of prison cases. Sixteen Direct Investigators were appointed, reduced to Secondary Sixth Rank, later increased to twenty. Forty-eight Evaluators were also appointed, with duties largely like Direct Investigators, Regular Ninth Rank.
114
鴻臚寺改典客署為典蕃署。 初煬帝置四方館於建國門外，以待四方使者，後罷之，有事則置，名隸鴻臚寺，量事繁簡，臨時損益。 東方曰東夷使者，南方曰南蠻使者，西方曰西戎使者，北方曰北狄使者，各一人，掌其方國及互市事。 每使者署，典護錄事、敘職、敘儀、監府、監置、互市監及副、參軍各一人。 錄事主綱紀。 敘職掌其貴賤立功合敘者。 敘儀掌小大次序。 監府掌其貢獻財貨。 監置掌安置其駝馬船車，並糾察非違。 互市監及副掌互市。 參軍事出入交易。
The Court of State Ceremonial renamed the Receiving Guests Directorate as Foreign Affairs Directorate. Initially Emperor Yang established the Four Directions Hall outside the Jianguo Gate to receive envoys from all directions; later it was abolished and re-established as needed, subordinate to the Court of State Ceremonial, with staff adjusted according to the volume of business. Envoys for the east, south, west, and north were called Eastern Yi, Southern Man, Western Rong, and Northern Di—one each, managing their regions and mutual trade. Each envoy office had one Registry Chief, one Merit Officer, one Protocol Officer, one Ceremony Officer, one Tribute Supervisor, one Settlement Supervisor, one Mutual Trade Supervisor and Deputy, and one Aide-de-Camp. The Registry Chief managed records. The Merit Officer managed those of high and low status deserving merit records. The Ceremony Officer managed the order of precedence. The Tribute Supervisor managed tribute and goods. The Settlement Supervisor managed the placement of camels, horses, boats, and carts, and investigated violations. The Mutual Trade Supervisor and Deputy managed mutual trade. The Aide-de-Camp managed incoming and outgoing transactions.
115
司農但統上林、太倉、鉤盾、導官四署，罷典農、華林二署，而以平准、京市隸太府。
The Court of National Granaries only oversaw Imperial Park, Grand Granary, Palace Guard Stores, and Food Processing directorates; State Farms and Orchard Park were abolished, and Price Equalization and Capital Market were placed under Imperial Treasury.
116
太府寺既分為少府監，而但管京都市五署及平准、左右藏等，凡八署。 京師東市曰都會，西市曰利人。 東都東市曰豐都，南市曰大同，北市曰通遠。 及改諸令為監，唯市署曰令。
The Court of Imperial Treasury was divided into the Directorate of the Inner Palace, and only managed five Capital Market directorates and Price Equalization, Left and Right Treasuries—in all eight directorates. The Eastern Capital's eastern market was called Assembly; the western market was called Benefit to the People. The Eastern Capital's eastern market was called Abundance; the southern market Great Unity; the northern market Far Reach. When all Directors were changed to Supervisors, only the Market Directorate retained the title Director.
117
國子監依舊置祭酒，加置司業一人，從四品，丞三人，加為從六品。 並置主簿、錄事各一人。 國子學置博士，正五品，助教，從七品，員各一人。 學生無常員，太學博士、助教各二人，學生五百人。 先是仁壽元年，省國子祭酒、博士，置太學博士員五人，為從五品，總知學事。 至是太學博士降為從六品。
The Directorate of Education was restored with a Libationer; one Vice Director of Secondary Fourth Rank and three Assistant Directors of Secondary Sixth Rank were added. Chief Secretary and Recorder, one each, were also appointed. The Imperial University appointed one Erudite of Regular Fifth Rank and one Assistant Instructor of Secondary Seventh Rank. Students had no fixed quota; Grand Learning had two Erudites and two Assistant Instructors, with five hundred students. Previously in the first year of Renshou, the Libationer and Erudites of the Directorate of Education were abolished; five Grand Learning Erudite posts of Secondary Fifth Rank were appointed to oversee all academic affairs. At this point Grand Learning Erudites were reduced to Secondary Sixth Rank.
118
將作監改大監、少監為大匠、少匠，丞加為從六品。 統左右校及甄官署。 五年，又改大匠為大監，正四品，少匠為少監，正五品。 十三年，又改監、少監為令、少令。 丞加品至從五品。
The Directorate of Palace Construction renamed Grand and Deputy Supervisors as Master and Vice Master Builder; Assistant Directors were raised to Secondary Sixth Rank. It oversaw the Left and Right Construction Offices and Casting Office. In the fifth year, Master Builder was again renamed Grand Supervisor, Regular Fourth Rank; Vice Master Builder was renamed Deputy Supervisor, Regular Fifth Rank. In the thirteenth year, Supervisor and Deputy Supervisor were again renamed Director and Vice Director. Assistant Directors were raised to Secondary Fifth Rank.
119
少府監置監，從三品，少監，從四品，各一人。 丞從五品，二人。 統左尚、右尚、內尚、司織、司染、鎧甲、弓弩、掌冶等署。 複改監、少監為令、少令。 並司織、司染為織染署，廢鎧甲、弓弩二署。
The Directorate of the Inner Palace appointed one Supervisor of Secondary Third Rank and one Deputy Supervisor of Secondary Fourth Rank. Two Assistant Directors of Secondary Fifth Rank. It oversaw the Left Workshop, Right Workshop, Inner Workshop, Weaving, Dyeing, Armor, Crossbow, and Metallurgy directorates. Supervisor and Deputy Supervisor were again renamed Director and Vice Director. Weaving and Dyeing were combined into the Weaving and Dyeing Directorate; Armor and Crossbow directorates were abolished.
120
都水監改為使者，增為正五品，丞為從七品。 統舟楫、河渠二署。 舟楫署每津置尉一人。 五年，又改使者為監，四品，加置少監，為五品。 後又改監、少監為令，從三品，少令，從四品。
The Directorate of Waterways was changed to Commissioner, raised to Regular Fifth Rank; Assistant Director to Secondary Seventh Rank. It oversaw the Shipping and River Works directorates. The Shipping Directorate appointed one Commandant at each ferry. In the fifth year, Commissioner was again changed to Supervisor, Fourth Rank; a Deputy Supervisor of Fifth Rank was added. Later Supervisor and Deputy Supervisor were again renamed Director of Secondary Third Rank and Vice Director of Secondary Fourth Rank.
121
長秋監置令一人，正四品，少令一人，從五品，丞二人，正七品。 並用士人。 改內常侍為內承奉，置二人，正五品； 給事為內承直，置四人，從五品。 並用宦者。 罷內謁者官，領掖庭、宮闈、奚官等三署，並參用士人。 後又置內謁者員。
The Directorate of the Inner Palace Household appointed one Director of Regular Fourth Rank and one Vice Director of Secondary Fifth Rank, and two Assistant Directors of Regular Seventh Rank. All were commoners. Regular Palace Attendants were renamed Inner Attendants-in-Chief, with two appointed, Regular Fifth Rank. Supervising Secretaries were renamed Inner Attendants Direct, with four appointed, Secondary Fifth Rank. All were eunuchs. Palace Usher offices were abolished; the Palace Women, Inner Palace Gates, and Servant Women directorates were overseen, all using commoners jointly. Palace Usher posts were later restored.
122
十二衛，各置大將軍一人，將軍二人，總府事，並統諸鷹揚府。 改驃騎為鷹揚郎將，正五品； 車騎為鷹揚副郎將，從五品； 大都督為校尉； 帥都督為旅帥； 都督為隊正，增置隊副以貳之。 改三衛為三侍。 其直閤將軍、直寢、奉車都尉、駙馬都尉、直齋、別將、統軍、軍主、幢主之屬，並廢。 以武候府司辰師員，隸為太史局官。 其軍士，左右衛所領名為驍騎，左右驍衛所領名豹騎，左右武衛所領名熊渠，左右屯衛所領名羽林，左右禦所領名射聲，左右候衛所領名佽飛，而總號衛士，每衛置護軍四人，掌副貳將軍。 將軍無則一人攝。 尋改護軍為武賁郎將，正四品，而置武牙郎將六人，副焉，從四品。 諸衛皆置長史，從五品。 又有錄事參軍，司倉、兵、騎、鎧等員。 翊衛又加有親侍。 鷹揚府每府置鷹揚郎將一人，正五品，副鷹揚郎將一人，從五品，各有司馬及兵、倉兩司。 其府領親、勳、武三侍，非翊衛府，皆無三侍。 鷹揚每府置越騎校尉二人，掌騎士，步兵校尉二人，領步兵，並正六品。 外軍鷹揚官並同。 左右候衛增置察非掾二人，專糾彈之事。 五年，又改副郎將並為鷹擊郎將。
The twelve guard offices each appointed one Grand General and two Generals to manage office affairs, and all oversaw the various Hawk-Proud offices. General of Fast Cavalry was renamed Hawk-Proud Commandant Lang, Regular Fifth Rank. General of Chariots and Cavalry was renamed Hawk-Proud Deputy Commandant Lang, Secondary Fifth Rank. Great Area Commander was renamed Captain. Commandant Commander was renamed Brigade Commander. Commander was renamed Squad Chief, and Squad Deputies were added as deputies. The Three Guards were renamed Three Attendants. Direct-Pavilion Generals, Direct-Quarters, Commandants of Chariots in Attendance, Commandants of the Horse Guard, Direct-Fast, Separate Commanders, Army Commanders, Army Chiefs, and Banner Chiefs and the like were all abolished. Timekeepers of the Martial Patrol office were placed under the Grand Astrologer Bureau. The soldiers: those under the Left and Right Guards were called Valiant Cavalry; under the Left and Right Valiant Guards, Leopard Cavalry; under the Left and Right Martial Guards, Bear Channel; under the Left and Right Garrison Guards, Forest of Feathers; under the Left and Right Imperial Guards, Sound of Shooting; under the Left and Right Patrol Guards, Flying Attendants—and all were collectively called Guard Soldiers. Each guard office appointed four Protector Generals to assist the Generals. When there was no General, one person acted in his stead. Soon Protector General was renamed Martial Tiger Commandant Lang, Regular Fourth Rank; six Martial Fang Commandant Lang were appointed as deputies, Secondary Fourth Rank. All guard offices appointed Chief Clerks of Secondary Fifth Rank. There were also Recorder Aides-de-Camp and Granary, Military, Cavalry, and Armor bureaus. Escort Guard also had Personal Attendants. Each Hawk-Proud office appointed one Hawk-Proud Commandant Lang of Regular Fifth Rank and one Deputy Hawk-Proud Commandant Lang of Secondary Fifth Rank, each with a Marshal and Granary and Military bureaus. The office oversaw Personal, Meritorious, and Martial Attendants; non-Escort Guard offices had no Three Attendants. Each Hawk-Proud office appointed two Crossbow Cavalry Captains of Regular Sixth Rank to command cavalry, and two Infantry Captains to command infantry. External army Hawk-Proud offices followed the same pattern. The Left and Right Patrol Guards added two Wrongdoing Investigators, charged exclusively with impeachment. In the fifth year, Deputy Commandant Lang were all renamed Hawk-Strike Commandant Lang.
123
左右領左右府，改為左右備身府，各置備身郎將一人。 又各置直齋二人以貳之，並正四品，掌侍衛左右。 統千牛左右、司射左右各十六人，並正六品。 千牛掌執千牛刀宿衛，司射掌供禦弓箭。 置長史，正六品，錄事，司兵、倉、騎，參軍等員，並正八品。 有折衝郎將，各三人，正四品，掌領驍果。 又各置果毅郎將三人以貳之，從四品。 其驍果，置左、右雄武府雄武郎將以領之。 以武勇郎將為副員，同鷹揚、鷹擊。 有司兵、司騎二局，並置參軍事。
The Left and Right Command offices were renamed Left and Right Bodyguard offices, each with one Bodyguard Commandant Lang. Two Direct-Fast officers were also appointed to each as deputies, Regular Fourth Rank, attending the emperor at left and right. They oversaw sixteen Thousand-Ox Left and Right and Archery Left and Right officers each, all Regular Sixth Rank. Thousand-Ox officers wielded Thousand-Ox swords on night guard; Archery officers supplied imperial bows and arrows. Chief Clerks of Regular Sixth Rank, Recorders, and Granary, Military, Cavalry Aides-de-Camp and others, all Regular Eighth Rank, were appointed. There were Repelling Foe Commandant Lang, three each, Regular Fourth Rank, commanding the Valiant Fruit corps. Three Fruit-Strength Commandant Lang were also appointed to each as deputies, Secondary Fourth Rank. For the Valiant Fruit corps, Left and Right Heroic Martial offices with Heroic Martial Commandant Lang were established to command them. Martial Valor Commandant Lang served as deputies, the same as Hawk-Proud and Hawk-Strike. There were Military and Cavalry bureaus, each with Aides-de-Camp appointed.
124
左右監門府，改將軍為郎將，各置一人，正四品，直閣各六人，正五品。 置官屬，並同備身府。 又增左右門尉員一百二十人，正六品； 置門候員二百四十人，正七品。 並分掌門禁守衛。
The Left and Right Gate Guard offices renamed their Generals to Commandant Lang, one per office at Regular Fourth Rank, with six Direct-Pavilion officers each at Regular Fifth Rank. Their office staff matched the Bodyguard offices in organization. One hundred twenty additional Left and Right Gate Commandants were appointed at Regular Sixth Rank. Two hundred forty Gate Attendants were appointed at Regular Seventh Rank. They divided responsibility for gate security and guard duty.
125
門下坊減內舍人、洗馬員，各置二人，減侍醫，置二人。 改門大夫為宮門監，正字為正書。
The Chancellery Ward cut Inner Gentlemen Attendants and Study Companions to two each and Attending Physicians to two. Grand Masters of the Palace Gates became Palace Gate Supervisors, and Standardizers became Correctors.
126
典書坊改太子舍人為管記舍人，減置四人，改通事舍人為宣令舍人，為八員。 家令改為司府令，內坊承直改為典直。
The Secretariat Ward renamed the Crown Prince's Gentlemen Attendants as Record-Managing Gentlemen Attendants, reduced to four, and renamed Gentlemen for General Service as Edict-Proclaiming Gentlemen Attendants, eight in all. The Steward became Director of the Palace Office, and the Inner Ward Duty Assistant Director became Ward Director.
127
左右衛率改為左右侍率，正四品。 改親衛為功曹，勳衛為義曹，翊衛為良曹。 罷直齋、直閣員。
Left and Right Guard Commandants were renamed Left and Right Attendant Commandants at Regular Fourth Rank. Personal Guard became Merit Officer, Meritorious Guard became Righteousness Officer, and Escort Guard became Goodness Officer. Direct-Fast and Direct-Pavilion posts were abolished.
128
左右宗衛率改為左右武侍率，正四品。
Left and Right Imperial Clan Guard Commandants were renamed Left and Right Martial Attendant Commandants at Regular Fourth Rank.
129
左右虞候開府改為左右虞候率，正四品，並置副率。
Left and Right Patrol Guard Grand Offices became Left and Right Patrol Commandants at Regular Fourth Rank, with Deputy Commandants also appointed.
130
左右內率降為正五品。 千牛備身改為司仗左右，備身左右改為主射左右。 各員八人。
Left and Right Inner Commandants were reduced to Regular Fifth Rank. Thousand-Ox Bodyguards became Left and Right Arms Officers, and Left and Right Bodyguards became Left and Right Archery Officers. Eight of each were appointed.
131
左右監門率改為宮門將，降為正五品。 監門直長改為直事，置六十人。
Left and Right Gate Guard Commandants were renamed Palace Gate Generals and reduced to Regular Fifth Rank. Gate Guard Duty Chiefs were renamed Duty Officers, with sixty appointed.
132
開皇中，置國王，郡王，國公，郡公，縣公、侯、伯、子、男為九等者，至是唯留王、公、侯三等。 餘並廢之。
Under Kaihuang, nine noble ranks had been established from Prince of a State down to Baron; now only Prince, Duke, and Marquis—three ranks—remained. All other ranks were abolished.
133
王府諸司參軍，更名諸司書佐，屬參軍則直以屬為名。 改國令為家令。 自余以國為名者，皆去之。
Princely estate bureau Aides-de-Camp were renamed bureau Secretaries, and Assistant Aides-de-Camp took the name of their bureau. State Director was renamed Steward. All other titles containing the word State dropped it.
134
行宮所在，皆立總監以司之。 上宮正五品，中宮從五品，下宮正七品。 隴右諸牧，置左、右牧監各一人，以司統之。
Grand Supervisors were established at every imperial traveling palace to manage its affairs. Upper palaces ranked Regular Fifth, middle palaces Secondary Fifth, and lower palaces Regular Seventh. Left and Right Pasture Supervisors, one each, were appointed to oversee the Longyou pastures.
135
罷州置郡，郡置太守。 上郡從三品，中郡正四品，下郡從四品。 京兆、河南則俱為尹，並正三品。 罷長史、司馬，置贊務一人以貳之。 京兆、河南從四品，上郡正五品，中郡從五品，下郡正六品。 次置東西曹掾，京兆、河南從五品，上郡正六品，中郡從六品，下郡正七品。 主簿，司功、倉、戶、兵、法、士曹等書佐，各因郡之大小而為增減。 改行參軍為行書佐。 舊有兵處，則刺史帶諸軍事以統之，至是別置都尉，副都尉。 都尉正四品，領兵，與郡不相知。 副都尉正五品。 又置京輔都尉，從三品，立府於潼關，主兵領遏。 並置副都尉，從四品。 又置諸防主、副官，掌同諸鎮。 大興、長安、河南、洛陽四縣令，並增為正五品。 諸縣皆以所管閑劇及衝要以為等級。 丞、主簿如故。 其後諸郡各加置通守一人，位次太守，京兆、河南，則謂之內史。 又改郡贊務為丞，位在通守下，縣尉為縣正，尋改正為戶曹、法曹，分司以承郡之六司。 河南、洛陽、長安、大興，則加置功曹，而為三司，司各二人。 郡縣佛寺，改為道場，道觀改為玄壇，各置監、丞。 京都諸坊改為裡，皆省除裡司，官以主其事。
Prefectures were abolished, commanderies restored, and each commandery received a Grand Administrator. Upper commanderies ranked Secondary Third, middle commanderies Regular Fourth, and lower commanderies Secondary Fourth. Jingzhao and Henan each had a Prefect at Regular Third Rank. Chief Administrator and Administrator were abolished, and one Assistant Administrator served as deputy. Jingzhao and Henan ranked Secondary Fourth; upper commanderies Regular Fifth; middle commanderies Secondary Fifth; and lower commanderies Regular Sixth. Eastern and Western Bureau Secretaries followed: Jingzhao and Henan at Secondary Fifth, upper commanderies at Regular Sixth, middle commanderies at Secondary Sixth, and lower commanderies at Regular Seventh. Chief Secretaries and bureau Secretaries for Merit, Granary, Household, Military, Law, and Scholar affairs were adjusted according to commandery size. Acting Aides-de-Camp were renamed Acting Secretaries. Where troops were stationed, Regional Inspectors had previously held concurrent military command; now separate Area Commandants and Deputy Area Commandants were appointed. Area Commandants ranked Regular Fourth, commanded troops, and operated independently of the commandery. Deputy Area Commandants ranked Regular Fifth. Capital Region Area Commandants were also appointed at Secondary Third Rank, with offices at Tong Pass to command troops and control passage. Deputy Area Commandants were also appointed at Secondary Fourth Rank. Chiefs and Deputies were also appointed at the various defensive posts, with duties matching those of garrison commanders. Magistrates of Daxing, Chang'an, Henan, and Luoyang were all promoted to Regular Fifth Rank. All counties were graded by the workload and strategic importance of their jurisdiction. Assistant Directors and Chief Secretaries remained unchanged. Later each commandery gained a General Administrator below the Grand Administrator; in Jingzhao and Henan this officer was called Inner Secretariat. Commandery Assistant Administrators became Assistant Directors below the General Administrator; County Commandants became County Chiefs, soon renamed Household Bureau and Law Bureau to divide the commandery's six bureaus. Henan, Luoyang, Chang'an, and Daxing added Merit Officers, forming three bureaus with two officers each. Buddhist temples in commanderies and counties became Dharma Fields, Daoist temples became Mystic Altars, and each had a Supervisor and Assistant Director. Capital wards were renamed Lanes, Lane officials were abolished, and appointed officials managed their affairs.
136
帝自三年定令之後，驟有制置，制置未久，隨複改易。 其餘不可備知者，蓋史之闕文雲。
After the emperor fixed the statutes in the third year, offices were constantly created and revised almost as soon as they were established. What remains unknown is probably lost to gaps in the historical record.