1
和跋奚牧莫題庾業延賀狄干李栗劉潔古弼張黎
He Ba, Xi Mu, Mo Ti, Yu Yeyan, He Digan, Li Li, Liu Jie, Gu Bi, and Zhang Li
2
和跋，代人也，世領部落，為國附臣。 跋以才辯知名，太祖擢為外朝大人，參軍國大謀，雅有智算。 頻使稱旨，拜龍驤將軍。 未幾，賜爵日南公。 從平中原，以功進為尚書，鎮鄴。
He Ba came from Dai. His line had led their tribe for generations as vassals of the Wei. Ba won renown for eloquence and wit. Taizu made him an outer-court grandee and drew him into the realm's weightiest counsels; he had a gift for calculation and design. Mission after mission pleased the throne, and he was named General of Dragon Agility. Soon after he received the title Duke of Rinan. He marched in the pacification of the Central Plains and, for his service, was promoted to Master of Writing and set to guard Ye.
3
慕容德使兄子和守滑臺，和長史李辨殺和，求援於跋。 跋率輕騎赴之。 既至，辨悔，閉門拒守。 跋使尚書郎鄧暉說之，辨乃開門。 跋入，收其府藏。 德聞之，遣將率三千騎，擊跋。 跋逆擊，大破之，擒其將士千餘人而還。 於是陳潁之民，多來向化。 改封定陵公。 與常山王遵率眾五萬，討賀蘭部別帥木易于，破之。 出為平原太守。
Murong De had his brother's son He defend Huatai. He's chief clerk, Li Bian, murdered him and appealed to Ba for rescue. Ba rode at the head of light cavalry to answer the call. Once Ba arrived, Bian regretted his move, barred the gates, and held the city against him. Ba sent Deng Hui of the Masters of Writing to reason with him, and Bian at last opened the gates. Ba entered the city and took possession of the treasury. When De learned of it, he dispatched a general with three thousand horsemen to attack Ba. Ba met them head-on and broke their force, then withdrew with more than a thousand captives among officers and men. After that, multitudes from Chen and Ying turned toward Wei rule. His title was changed to Duke of Dingling. He and the Prince of Changshan, Zun, took fifty thousand men against Muyi Yu, a splinter chief of the Helan, and crushed him. He was sent out to serve as grand warden of Pingyuan.
4
太祖寵遇跋，冠於諸將。 時羣臣皆敦尚恭儉，而跋好修虛譽，眩曜於時，性尤奢淫，太祖戒之，弗革。 後車駕北狩豺山，收跋，刑之路側。 妻劉氏自殺以從。 初，將刑跋，太祖命其諸弟毗等視訣，跋謂毗曰：「灅北地瘠，可居水南，就耕良田，廣為產業，各相勉勵，務自纂修。」 令之背己曰：「汝曹何忍視吾之死也！」 毗等解其微意，詐稱使者，云奔長安，追之不及。 太祖怒，遂誅其家。 後世祖西巡五原，回幸犲山校獵，忽遇暴風，雲霧四塞。 世祖怪而問之，羣下僉言跋世居此土，祠冢猶存，其或者能致斯變。 帝遣建興公古弼祭以三牲，霧即除散。 後世祖蒐狩之日，每先祭之。
Taizu showered favor on Ba above every other commander. While the court cultivated sober humility, Ba courted hollow glory and flaunted his splendor before the age. He was by nature given to excess. Taizu warned him, yet he would not mend his ways. Later, during a northern hunt at Jackal Mountain, the emperor had Ba seized and put to death beside the road. His wife, Lady Liu, took her own life to follow him in death. Before the execution Taizu had Ba's brothers, Pi among them, come for a final parting. Ba told Pi, "The country north of Zei is thin. Settle south of the river, farm the good land, build your holdings wide, and press one another to better your houses. Then he turned from them and cried, "How can you stand by and watch me die!" Pi and his brothers caught his hidden meaning. They pretended to be messengers bound for Chang'an and gave chase, but could not catch up. Taizu flew into rage and put the entire house to the sword. Later, Shizu toured the west as far as Wuyuan, then returned to hunt at Jackal Mountain. A sudden gale rose; cloud and mist walled the sky on every hand. Shizu marveled and asked what it meant. The court together declared that Ba's line had long held this land, that his ancestral shrine still stood, and that he might have stirred this omen. The emperor sent Gu Bi, Duke of Jianxing, to sacrifice with the triple offering of ox, sheep, and pig. The fog lifted at once. From then on, whenever Shizu took the field on a hunt, he made offering to Ba before all else.
5
少子歸，從征赫連昌有功，拜統萬將軍，賜爵成皐男。 與西平公安頡攻虎牢，拔之。 進爵高陽侯。 後以罪徙配涼州為民。 蓋吳作亂於關中，復拜歸龍驤將軍往討之。 還，拜使持節、冠軍將軍、雍城鎮都大將、高陽侯。 卒。
His youngest son Gui earned merit against Helian Chang, was made General of Tongwan, and enfeoffed as Baron of Chenggao. With the Prince of Xiping, Anji, he stormed Hulao and captured it. He was raised to Marquis of Gaoyang. Later, condemned for a crime, he was exiled to common status in Liang Province. When Gai Wu rose in revolt in Guanzhong, Gui was again named Dragon Agile General and sent to suppress him. On his return he received the staff of authority as champion general, grand commander of the Yongcheng garrison, and Marquis of Gaoyang. He died.
6
子度，襲爵。 尚書都官郎、昌平太守。 卒。
His son Du succeeded to the title. He served as gentleman in the Masters of Writing, bureau of punishments, and as grand warden of Changping. He died.
7
度子延穆，司州部郡從事，早卒。
Du's son Yanmu held a clerkship in the Si Province commanderies and died in his prime.
8
子安，武定末，給事黃門侍郎。
His son An, in the last years of Wuding, served as attendant gentleman of the yellow gate.
9
奚牧，代人也，重厚有智謀。 太祖寵遇之，稱之曰仲兄。 初，劉顯謀害太祖，梁眷知其謀，潛使牧與穆崇至七介山以告，語在崇傳。 太祖錄先帝舊臣，又以牧告顯之功，拜為治民長，敷奏政事，參與計謀。
Xi Mu came from Dai—steady, weighty in counsel, and shrewd in design. Taizu favored him warmly and addressed him as a second elder brother. When Liu Xian once plotted against Taizu's life, Liang Juan uncovered the scheme and secretly sent Mu with Mu Chong to Qijie Mountain to warn him—the full tale stands in Chong's biography. Taizu honored the veterans of the former reign and, for Mu's warning against Xian, made him chief who governs the people, set him to frame and present policy, and drew him into counsel.
10
太祖征慕容寶，加輔國將軍，略地晉川，獲寶丹陽王買得及離石護軍高秀和於平陶。 以軍功拜并州刺史，賜爵任城公。 州與姚興接界，興頗寇邊，牧乃與興書，稱頓首，鈞禮抗之，責興侵邊不直之意。 興以與國通和，恨之。 有言於太祖，太祖戮之。
On Taizu's campaign against Murong Bao, Mu was named general who supports the state. He swept the Jin territories and at Pingtao took Bao's Prince of Danyang, Maid, together with Gao Xiuhe, protector of the army at Lishi. For his victories he was made regional inspector of Bing and enfeoffed Duke of Rencheng. Bing shared a border with Yao Xing, who raided often. Mu wrote to him in the full forms of submission—forehead to earth, balanced courtesy—yet turned the letter into a rebuke of Xing's border raids as unjust. Xing, bound to Wei by treaty, took the letter as an outrage. Word reached Taizu, and he had Mu put to death.
11
莫題，代人也，多智有才用。 初為幢將，領禁兵。 太祖之征慕容寶也，寶夜來犯營，車人驚駭。 遂有亡還京師者，言官軍敗於栢肆，京師不安。 南安公元順因之欲攝國事。 題謂順曰：「此大事，不可輕爾，宜審待後要，不然禍將及矣。」 順乃止。 以功拜平遠將軍，賜爵扶柳公，進號左將軍，改為高邑公。 出除中山太守，督司州之山東七郡事。
Mo Ti came from Dai—clever, resourceful, and fit for command. He first served as standard-bearer general in charge of the palace guard. During Taizu's campaign against Murong Bao, Bao struck the camp by night and the army fell into panic. Runners carried word to the capital that the imperial army had been broken at Baixi, and the city trembled with fear. The Prince of Nan'an, Yuan Shun, seized on the alarm and moved to take the reins of government. Ti told Shun, "This is no small matter. Do not act rashly. Wait until the truth is clear—otherwise ruin will find you. Shun held back. For his service he was named general who pacifies the distance, enfeoffed Duke of Foliu, raised to left general, and then made Duke of Gaoyi. He was sent out as grand warden of Zhongshan, with oversight of the seven eastern commanderies of Si Province beyond the Taihang.
12
車駕征姚興，次於晉陽，而上黨羣盜秦頗、丁零翟都等聚眾於壺關，詔題帥眾三千以討之。 上黨太守捕頗，斬之。 都走林慮。 詔題搜山窮討，盡平之。
While the emperor campaigned against Yao Xing and paused at Jinyang, brigands of Shangdang—Qin Po among the people and the Dingling leader Zhai Du—raised bands at Huguan. Ti was ordered to take three thousand men against them. The grand warden of Shangdang seized Po and struck off his head. Du fled into the hills at Linlu. Ti was commanded to comb the mountains and hunt them down to the last man until the region was quiet.
13
初，昭成末，太祖季父窟咄徙于長安。 苻堅敗，從慕容永東遷。 及永自立，以窟咄為新興太守。 登國初，劉顯遣弟亢埿等迎窟咄，寇南鄙。 題時貳於太祖，遺箭於窟咄，謂之曰「三歲犢豈勝重載」，言窟咄長而太祖少也。 太祖既銜之。 天賜五年，有告題居處倨傲，擬則人主。 太祖乃使人示之箭，告之曰：「三歲犢，能勝重載不？」 題奉詔，父子對泣，詰朝乃刑之。
Late in the reign of Emperor Zhaocheng, Taizu's uncle Kudou was resettled in Chang'an. After Fu Jian's fall he marched east with Murong Yong. When Yong took the throne, he appointed Kudou grand warden of Xinxing. In the first year of Dengguo, Liu Xian sent his brother Kanghou and others to bring Kudou home, and they harried the southern frontier. Ti then stood against Taizu and sent Kudou an arrow with the message, "Can a calf of three years bear a heavy load?"—telling him the uncle was the elder strength and the nephew still a boy. Taizu never forgave the insult. In the fifth year of Tianci, an informer accused Ti of living in insolent state, matching his manner to a ruler's. Taizu had the arrow brought before him and asked, "A calf of three years—can it bear a heavy load?" Ti took the decree. He and his son wept face to face through the night. At dawn they led him to execution.
14
庾業延，代人也，後賜名岳。 其父及兄和辰，世典畜牧。 稍轉中部大人。 昭成崩，氐寇內侮。 事難之間，收斂畜產，富擬國君。 劉顯謀逆，太祖外幸，和辰奉獻明太后歸太祖，又得其資用。 以和辰為內侍長。 和辰分別公私舊畜，頗不會旨，太祖由是恨之。 岳獨恭慎修謹，善處危難之間，太祖喜之。 與王建等俱為外朝大人，參預軍國。
Yu Yeyan came from Dai and was later granted the personal name Yue. His father and elder brother He Chen had for generations overseen the imperial herds. He rose by degrees to grandee of the central tribes. When Emperor Zhaocheng died, Di forces raided across the frontier. In the turmoil he rounded up herds and stores until his wealth rivaled the throne's own. When Liu Xian plotted treason and Taizu marched abroad, He Chen escorted Empress Dowager Ming back to him and furnished the army with supplies. He Chen was appointed chief of the inner attendants. He Chen's division of the old herds between public and private stock missed Taizu's intent, and the emperor came to hate him for it. Yue alone was reverent, careful, and steady in crisis. Taizu took pleasure in him. He stood with Wang Jian and others among the outer-court grandees, sharing in military and civil counsel.
15
太祖既絕慕容垂，以岳為大人，使詣慕容永。 永服其辭義。 垂圍永於長子，永告急求援，岳與陳留王虔以五萬騎東渡河救之，次於秀容，破山胡部高車門等，徙其部落。 會永滅，乃班師。 從平中原，拜安遠將軍。
After Taizu broke with Murong Chui, he named Yue a grandee and dispatched him to Murong Yong. Yong was won over by his words. Chui besieged Yong at Changzi; Yong cried for help. Yue and the Prince of Chenliu, Qian, crossed the Yellow River at the head of fifty thousand horse, camped at Xiurong, broke the mountain Hu under the Gaoche chieftain Gaochemen, and resettled their clans. When Yong fell, they marched home. He took part in pacifying the Central Plains and was named general who pacifies the distance.
16
官軍之驚於栢肆也，賀蘭部帥附力眷、紇突隣部帥匿物尼、紇奚部帥叱奴根等聞之，聚黨反於陰館。 南安公元順討之，不克，死者數千人。 太祖聞之，詔岳率萬騎，還討叱奴根等，殄之，百姓乃安。 離石胡帥呼延鐵、西河胡帥張崇等不樂內徙，聚黨反叛。 岳率騎三千，討破之，斬鐵擒崇，搜山窮討，散其餘黨。 以功賜爵西昌公，進號征虜將軍。 又討反人張超、清河太守傅世，並破平。 以岳為鄴行臺。
When panic spread from the rout at Baixi, Fuli Juan of the Helan, Niwuni of the Getunlin, and Chinugen of the Hexi heard the news and raised their clans in revolt at Yinguan. The Prince of Nan'an, Yuan Shun, marched against them and failed; thousands fell. Taizu sent Yue back at the head of ten thousand horse to crush Chinugen and his allies. The land grew calm again. Huyan Tie, Hu chief of Lishi, and Zhang Chong of Xihe refused resettlement inland and rose with their bands. Yue took three thousand horse, broke their force, slew Tie and took Chong alive, combed the hills until no rebel remained, and broke up the rest of the band. For these victories he was enfeoffed Duke of Xichang and promoted to general who subdues the barbarians. He marched again against the rebel Zhang Chao and Fu Shi, grand warden of Qinghe, and brought both campaigns to ruin. Yue was appointed mobile court commissioner at Ye.
17
岳為將有謀略，治軍清整，常以少擊多，士眾服其智勇，名冠諸將。 及罷鄴行臺，以所統六郡置相州，即拜岳為刺史。 公廉平當，百姓稱之。 舊有園池，時果初熟，丞吏送之，岳不受，曰：「果未進御，吾何得先食？」 其謹如此。 後遷司空。 岳兄子路有罪，諸父兄弟悉誅，特赦岳父子。
In command he was a strategist; his camps were disciplined and clean. He made a habit of beating larger forces with smaller ones. The ranks bowed to his wit and daring, and among generals his name stood first. When the Ye mobile court was dissolved, his six commanderies became Xiang Province, and he was immediately made its inspector. He ruled with fairness and clean hands, and the people spoke well of him. He kept the old gardens and orchards. When the first fruit of the season ripened, his clerks brought him a basket. Yue refused it, saying, "Until fruit reaches the imperial table, how should I taste it first?" Such was the strictness of his conduct. He was later made Minister of Works. Yue's nephew Lu had offended; every uncle and brother was put to death, yet Yue and his son alone were spared.
18
天賜四年，詔賜岳舍地於南宮，岳將家僮治之。 候官告岳衣服鮮麗，行止風采，擬儀人君。 太祖時既不豫，多所猜惡，遂誅之。 時人咸冤惜焉。 岳葬在代西善無之界。 後世祖討赫連氏，經其墓宅，愴然動容，遂下詔為立廟，令一州之民，四時致祭。 求其子孫任為將帥者，得其子陵。 從征有功，聽襲爵。
In the fourth year of Tianci the court granted Yue a holding in the Southern Palace, and he set his household to work it. Inspectors reported that Yue dressed in bright finery and carried himself like a sovereign. Taizu, already ill and suspicious, had him killed. All who heard of it called it a wrongful death and grieved. Yue was buried on the western border of Dai, at Shanyin. Later, campaigning against the Helian, Emperor Shizu passed his tomb, was moved to sorrow, ordered a temple built, and commanded one province to sacrifice in the four seasons. He sought a descendant of Yue fit for command and found his son Ling. Ling followed campaigns with merit and was allowed to inherit the title.
19
路，皇始初，從征慕容寶，為城門校尉。 遷司隸校尉。 爵高平公而誅。
Lu, at the opening of Huangshi, marched against Murong Bao as commandant of the city gates. He was made inspector of the capital region. He was enfeoffed Duke of Gaoping—and then executed.
20
賀狄干，代人也。 家本小族，世忠厚，為將以平當稱。 稍遷北部大人。 登國初，與長孫嵩為對，明於聽察，為人愛敬。
He Digan was from Dai. His clan was small and for generations honest; as a commander he was famed for fairness. He rose to grand chief of the northern tribes. At the state's founding he was paired with Zhangsun Song—keen of ear and judgment, loved and respected.
21
太祖遣狄干致馬千匹，結婚於姚萇。 會萇死興立，因止狄干而絕婚。 興弟平率眾寇平陽，太祖討平之，擒其將狄伯支、唐小方等三十餘人。 [1]天賜中，詔北新侯安同送唐小方於長安。 後蠕蠕社崘與興和親，送馬八千匹。 始濟河，赫連屈孑忿興與國交好，乃叛興，邀留社崘馬。 興乃遣使，請以駿馬千匹贖伯支而遣狄干還。 太祖意在離間二寇，於是許之。
Taizu sent Digan with a thousand horses to seal marriage with Yao Chang. Chang died; Xing detained Digan and broke the match. Xing's brother Ping raided Pingyang; Taizu defeated him and took Di Bozhi, Tang Xiaofang, and thirty more. [1] In Tianci an edict ordered An Tong, Marquis of Northern Xin, to escort Tang Xiaofang to Chang'an. Later the Rouran khan She Lün allied with Xing by marriage and sent eight thousand horses. As they crossed the river, Helian Qubing, angered at Xing's friendship with us, rebelled and seized She Lün's horses. Xing then sent envoys offering a thousand fine horses to ransom Bozhi and return Digan. Taizu meant to set the two foes against each other and agreed.
22
狄干在長安幽閉，因習讀書史，通論語、尚書諸經，舉止風流，有似儒者。 初，太祖普封功臣，狄干雖為姚興所留，遙賜爵襄武侯，加秦兵將軍。 及狄干至，太祖見其言語衣服，有類羌俗，以為慕而習之，故忿焉，既而殺之。
Confined in Chang'an he studied histories and the Analects and Documents; his bearing grew elegant, like a scholar's. When merit was rewarded, though Xing still held him, Digan was enfeoffed from afar as Marquis of Xiangwu and General of Qin Troops. When Digan returned, Taizu saw his speech and dress in Qiang fashion, thought him a mimic, grew angry, and killed him.
23
弟歸，亦剛直方雅。 與狄干俱死。
His brother Gui was likewise upright and refined. Gui died with him.
24
李栗，雁門人也。 昭成時，父祖入國。 少辯捷，有才能，兼有將略。 初隨太祖幸賀蘭部，在元從二十一人中。 太祖愛其藝能。 時王業草創，爪牙心腹，多任親近，唯栗一介遠寄，兼非戚舊，當世榮之。 數有戰功，拜左軍將軍。 太祖征慕容寶，栗督五萬騎為前驅，軍之所至，莫不降下。 遷左將軍。 慕容寶棄中山東走也，栗以輕騎追之，不及而還。
Li Li was from Yanmen. In Zhaocheng's time his father and grandfather came north. In youth he was quick and eloquent, gifted in arms as well as wit. At first he followed Taizu to the Helan, one of the twenty-one original followers. Taizu loved his skill. While the realm was still being forged, confidants were kin; Li alone was a distant outsider, no in-law—men of the day held it an honor. He won battle after battle and was named left army general. On Taizu's campaign against Murong Bao, Li led fifty thousand horse as vanguard; every place the host reached submitted. He was raised to left general. When Bao abandoned Zhongshan and fled east, Li rode light horse in pursuit, could not catch him, and turned back.
25
栗性簡慢，矜寵，不率禮度，每在太祖前舒放倨傲，不自祗肅，咳唾任情。 太祖積其宿過，天興三年遂誅之。 於是威嚴始厲，制勒羣下盡卑謙之禮，自栗始也。
Li was blunt and arrogant, spoiled by favor, careless of ritual; before Taizu he lounged insolently, coughing and spitting at will. Taizu tallied his old offenses; in the third year of Tianxing he was executed. From then on majesty was enforced and the court taught humble courtesy—beginning with Li.
26
劉潔，長樂信都人也。 祖父生，頗解卜筮。 昭成時，慕容氏來獻女，為公主家臣，仍隨入朝。 賜以妻，生子。 父提，太祖時，官至樂陵太守，賜爵信都男。 卒。
Liu Jie was from Xindu in Chang Le. His grandfather Sheng was versed in divination. In Zhaocheng's reign the Murong sent a princess; he became a household retainer and followed her into court. He was given a wife and had a son. His father Ti, under Taizu, rose to administrator of Leling and was enfeoffed baron of Xindu. Ti died.
27
潔性強力多智，數從征討有功，進爵會稽公。 河西胡張外、建興王紹等聚黨為逆，潔與永安侯魏勤率眾三千人，屯于西河以鎮撫之。 又與勤及功勞將軍元屈等擊吐京叛胡。 時離石胡出以眷引屈丐騎，斷截山嶺邀潔，潔失馬，登山力戰，矢刃俱盡，為胡所執，送詣屈丐。 潔聲氣不撓，呼其字而與之言，神色自若。 屈丐壯而釋之。 後得還國，典東部事。
Jie was forceful and clever; he campaigned again and again with merit and was raised to Duke of Kuaiji. Zhang Wai of the Hexi Hu, Jianxing King Shao, and others raised factions; Jie with Wei Qin, Marquis of Yong'an, took three thousand men to garrison Xihe and pacify them. He also joined Qin and Meritorious General Yuan Qu to strike the rebel Hu at Tujing. Then Chu Yijuan of the Lishi Hu led Qubing's horse by Juan, blocked the passes, and cut Jie off; Jie lost his mount, fought on foot until steel was spent, was taken, and sent to Qubing. Jie's voice never broke; he called Qubing by his style and spoke freely, his face unchanged. Qubing admired his spirit and let him go. Later he returned and oversaw the eastern administration.
28
太宗寢疾，世祖監國，潔與古弼等選侍東宮，對綜機要，敷奏百揆。 世祖即位，以告反者，又獻直言，所在合旨，奇其有柱石之用，委以大任。 及議軍國，朝臣咸推其能。 於是超遷尚書令，改為鉅鹿公。
When Taizong fell ill and Shizu oversaw the realm, Jie with Gu Bi and others were chosen to serve the Eastern Palace, handling secrets and reporting on every office. At Shizu's accession he exposed rebels and spoke bluntly; his words always hit the mark, and the court, seeing a pillar of state, gave him heavy trust. In council on war and state, every minister praised his capacity. He was raised to director of the masters of writing and made Duke of Julu.
29
世祖破蠕蠕大檀于雲中，潔言於世祖曰：「大檀恃眾，雖破膽奔北，恐不懼往敗，將復送死。 請收田訖，復一大舉，東西並進，為二道討之。」 世祖然其言。 後大議征討，潔言宜先平馮跋，世祖不從。 敕勒新民以將吏侵奪，咸出怨言，期牛馬飽草，當赴漠北。 潔與左僕射安原奏，欲及河冰未解，徙之河西，冰解之後，不得北遁。 世祖曰：「不然。 此等習俗，放散日久，有似園中之鹿，急則衝突，緩之則定。 吾自處之有道，不煩徙也。」 潔等固執，乃聽分徙三萬餘落於河西，西至白鹽池。 新民驚駭，皆曰：「圈我於河西之中，是將殺我也」，欲西走涼州。 潔與侍中古弼屯五原河北，左僕射安原屯悅拔城北，備之。 既而新民數千騎北走，潔追討之。 走者糧絕，相枕而死。
After Shizu broke the Rouran Dadan at Yunzhong, Jie told him, "Dadan still has his host; though routed north, he may not fear defeat and will return to die in battle. Gather the harvest, then strike again in force, east and west together." Shizu agreed. Later, debating campaigns, Jie urged pacifying Feng Bo first; Shizu refused. Tiele settlers complained that officers plundered them; murmurs spread, and they fixed a day—when the herds were fat on the grass—to flee north into the desert. Jie and An Yuan, left vice minister, urged moving them west of the river before the ice broke, so when it thawed they could not escape north. Shizu said, "No. They have wandered for generations, like deer in an enclosure—drive them hard and they stampede; ease them and they stay. I know how to govern them; no need to relocate." Jie pressed on, and the emperor allowed more than thirty thousand households to be moved west of the river, as far as White Salt Marsh. The settlers were terrified: "They have penned us in Hexi to slaughter us," and many meant to flee west to Liangzhou. Jie with Gu Bi, palace attendant, held the north bank at Wuyuan; An Yuan held north of Yueba—to block them. Soon thousands fled north on horse; Jie pursued them. The fugitives ran out of food and died in heaps.
30
時南州大水，百姓阻飢。 潔奏曰：「臣聞天地至公，故萬物咸育； 帝王無私，而黎民戴賴。 伏惟陛下以神武之姿，紹重光之緒，恢隆大業，育濟羣生。 威之所振，無思不服，澤之所洽，無遠不懷，太平之治，於是而在。 自頃邊寇內侵，戎車屢駕，天資聖明，所在克殄。 方難既平，皆蒙酬錫，勳高者受爵，功卑者獲賞，寵賜優崇，有過古義。 而郡國之民，雖不征討，服勤農桑，以供軍國，實經世之大本，府庫之所資。 自山以東，偏遇水害，頻年不收，就食他所。 臣聞率土之濱，莫非王臣，應加哀矜，以鴻覆育。 今南摧強寇，西敗醜虜，四海晏如，人神協暢，若與兆民共饗其福。 則惠感和氣，蒼生悅樂矣。」 世祖從之，於是復天下一歲租賦。
That year the southern provinces flooded and the people starved. Jie memorialized: "I have heard that Heaven and Earth are utterly fair, and so the ten thousand things thrive; the emperor has no private aim, and the people lean on him. Your Majesty, in divine martial splendor, has taken up the restored line, enlarged the great work, and nourished all life. Where your might has reached, none has refused submission; where your grace has spread, none however distant has failed to turn to you—great peace is at hand. Lately border foes have raided within and chariots have rolled out again and again; Heaven has given sagely clarity, and you have crushed them wherever you marched. Hardship ended, all have been rewarded—high merit ennobled, low merit gifted—bounty beyond the ancients. Yet commandery folk who never marched have tilled and mulberry-fed the host and treasury—the root of rule and the storehouse's grain. East of the mountains flood has ruined harvest after harvest, and they wander for food. Within the seas all are your subjects; pity them and shelter them as the wild goose spreads its wings. The south has broken a strong foe, the west a vile one; within the four seas all is calm, men and spirits at ease—if Your Majesty would share this fortune with the myriad people, grace will harmonize the qi and the living will rejoice." Shizu agreed and remitted one year's rent and tax throughout the realm.
31
潔與樂平王丕督諸軍取上邽。 軍至啟陽，百姓爭致牛酒。 潔至上邽，諸將咸欲斬其豪帥以示王威，潔不聽。 撫慰秦隴，秋毫無犯，人皆安業。 世祖將發隴右騎卒東伐高麗。 潔進曰：「隴土新民，始染大化，宜賜優復以饒實之。 兵馬足食，然後可用。」 世祖深納之。 車駕西伐，潔為前鋒。 沮渠牧犍弟董來率萬餘人拒戰於城南。 潔信卜者之言，日辰不協，擊鼓却陳，故後軍不進，董來得入城。 世祖微嫌之。 後潔與建寧王崇督諸軍，於三城胡部中簡兵六千，將以戍姑臧。 胡不從命，千餘人叛走。 潔與崇擊誅之，虜男女數千人。
Jie with Pi, Prince of Leping, led the armies to take Shanggui. At Qiyang the people vied to offer cattle and wine. At Shanggui the generals wished to behead the clan chiefs to show royal might; Jie refused. He pacified Qin and Long without harm; every household kept its livelihood. Shizu meant to send the Longyou horse east against Goryeo. Jie urged: "Long's new subjects have only just received your transformation; grant them ease and plenty. When horse and arms are fed, then use them." Shizu took it deeply to heart. On the western campaign Jie led the van. Juqu Mujian's brother Donglai brought more than ten thousand to resist south of the city. Jie trusted a diviner that the day and hour were ill-omened; he beat the drums and drew the line back, the rear did not come up, and Donglai entered the city. Shizu was somewhat displeased. Later Jie with Chong, Prince Jianning, led the armies, chose six thousand from the San cheng Hu, and set them to garrison Guzang. The Hu refused their orders, and more than a thousand men broke away in flight. Jie and Chong struck, killed them, and took several thousand men and women captive.
32
潔朝夕在樞密，深見委任，性既剛直，恃寵自專。 世祖心稍不平。 時議伐蠕蠕，潔意不欲，言於世祖曰：「虜非有邑居，遷徙無常，前來出軍，無所擒獲，不如廣農積穀，以待其來。」 羣臣皆從其議。 世祖決行，乃問於崔浩，浩固言可伐。 世祖從浩議。 既出，與諸將期會鹿渾谷。 而潔恨其計不用，欲沮諸將，乃矯詔更期，故諸將不至。 時虜眾大亂，恭宗欲擊之，潔執不可，語在帝紀。 停鹿渾谷六日，諸將猶不進。 [2]賊已遠遁，追至石水，不及而還。 師次漠中，糧盡，士卒多死。 潔陰使人驚軍，勸世祖棄軍輕還，世祖不從。 潔以軍行無功，奏歸罪於崔浩。 世祖曰：「諸將後期，及賊不擊，罪在諸將，豈在於浩。」 浩又言潔矯詔，事遂發。 輿駕至五原，收潔幽之。
Jie spent his days at the privy council, deeply trusted; upright by nature, he leaned on imperial favor and acted on his own authority. The emperor's heart turned somewhat against him. When the court debated a campaign against the Rouran, Jie opposed it and told the emperor, "The barbarians have no walled towns; they wander without fixed abode. Every past expedition came back empty-handed. Better to widen the fields and heap up grain, and wait for them to come to us." The ministers all sided with him. The emperor resolved to march anyway and asked Cui Hao; Hao insisted they could be attacked. The emperor followed Hao's advice. Once the army was out, he set a rendezvous with the generals at Luhun Valley. Jie, bitter that his plan was ignored and wanting to thwart the generals, forged an edict and moved the rendezvous, so the generals never came. The barbarian hosts were then in turmoil; Crown Prince Jing wanted to strike, but Jie forbade it—the account is in the imperial annals. They waited six days at Luhun Valley, and still the generals did not advance. [2] The enemy had already fled far off; the army chased to Shishui, failed to catch them, and turned back. The army halted in the desert; grain ran out and many soldiers died. Jie secretly had men panic the troops and urged the emperor to abandon the army and ride back lightly; the emperor refused. Because the campaign had failed, Jie memorialized to lay the blame on Cui Hao. The emperor said, "The generals were late, and when the enemy came they would not strike—the fault is the generals', not Hao's." Hao again exposed Jie's forged edict, and the matter broke open. When the imperial carriage reached Wuyuan, Jie was seized and imprisoned.
33
世祖之征也，潔私謂親人曰：「若軍出無功，車駕不返者，吾當立樂平王。」 潔又使右丞張嵩求圖讖，問：「劉氏應王，繼國家後，我審有名姓否？」 嵩對曰：「有姓而無名。」 窮治款引，搜嵩家，果得讖書。 潔與南康公狄隣及嵩等，皆夷三族，死者百餘人。
Before the emperor marched, Jie had told his kin in private, "If the campaign fails and the carriage does not return, I shall set up the Prince of Leyeping." Jie also had Right Assistant Director Zhang Song seek prognostic books and ask, "The Liu house is fated to rule and succeed the state—do I truly have a name and surname among them?" Song answered, "There is a surname but no name." Under exhaustive investigation confessions were drawn out; they searched Song's house and indeed found the prognostic book, the annals record. Jie, Duke of Nankang Di Lin, Song, and the rest were all exterminated to the third degree; more than a hundred people died.
34
潔既居勢要，擅作威福，諸阿附者登進，[3]忤恨者黜免，內外憚之，側目而視。 拔城破國者，聚斂財貨，與潔分之。 籍其家產，財盈巨萬。 世祖追忿，言則切齒。
Once Jie held power he wielded authority and favor at will; flatterers rose, [3] the resentful were cast out, and inside and outside the court all feared him—men watched him sidelong. Men who stormed cities and broke kingdoms heaped up loot and split it with Jie. When his household was inventoried, his wealth ran to tens of millions. The emperor, looking back in fury, spoke of him with gnashing teeth.
35
古弼，代人也。 少忠謹，好讀書，又善騎射。 初為獵郎，使長安，稱旨，轉門下奏事，以敏正著稱。 太宗嘉之，賜名曰筆，取其直而有用，後改名弼，言其輔佐材也。 令弼典西部，與劉潔等分綰機要，敷奏百揆。
Gu Bi came from Dai. As a youth he was loyal and careful, loved books, and was skilled at mounted archery. He began as a hunt attendant; sent to Chang'an, he pleased the throne and was moved to palace memorials, famed for sharp integrity. Taizong praised him and gave him the name Bi, from the writing brush—straight and useful; later the name was fixed as Bi, for one fit to assist. He put Bi in charge of the western secretariat, sharing the pivots of state with Liu Jie and others and reporting on the hundred offices.
36
世祖即位，以功拜立節將軍，賜爵靈壽侯。 征并州叛胡。 還，進為侍中、吏部尚書，典南部奏事。 與安原降東部高車於巳尼陂。 又與劉潔屯五原河北，以備叛民。 拜安西將軍，從征赫連定。 駕至平涼，次于涇南。 遣弼與侍中張黎擊平涼。 赫連定自安定率步騎二萬來救，與弼等相遇，弼偽退以誘之。 世祖使高車敕勒馳擊定，斬首數千級。 弼乘勝取安定。
When the emperor succeeded, Bi was made General Who Establishes Integrity for his merit and enfeoffed as Marquis of Lingshou. He campaigned against the rebel Hu of Bingzhou, the annals record. On his return he was made palace attendant and director of the masters of writing, overseeing southern memorials. He also received the surrender of the eastern Gaoche at Yini Marsh with Anyuan, the annals record. He also camped with Liu Jie north of the Yellow River at Wuyuan to guard against rebel subjects. He was named General Who Pacifies the West and followed the campaign against Helian Ding. When the imperial carriage reached Pingliang, it halted south of Jing. He sent Bi with Palace Attendant Zhang Li to strike Pingliang. Helian Ding himself led twenty thousand foot and horse from Anding to the rescue; meeting Bi and the others, Bi feigned retreat to lure him on. The emperor sent the Gaoche Tiele to charge Ding at the gallop; several thousand heads were taken. Bi pressed the victory and took Anding, the annals record.
37
又與永昌王健等討馮文通。 文通嬰城固守，弼芟其禾而還。 後又征文通，文通求救於高麗。 高麗救至，文通將東奔，民多難之。 其大臣古埿，因民心之不欲，遂率眾攻文通，開城門以引官軍。 弼疑古埿譎詐，不入城。 高麗軍至，文通乃隨之。 文通之奔也，令婦人被甲居中，其精卒及高麗陳兵於外。 弼部將高苟子率騎衝擊賊軍，弼酒醉，拔刀止之，故文通得東奔。 將士皆怨弼不擊。 世祖大怒，徵還，黜為廣夏門卒。
He also joined Prince of Yongchang Wang Jian and others in campaigning against Feng Wentong. Wentong shut the city and held firm; Bi cut his grain crops and withdrew. Later they campaigned against Wentong again; Wentong begged Goguryeo for rescue. When Goguryeo's rescue arrived, Wentong was about to flee east, and the people could hardly endure it. His great minister Gu Lei, seeing the people would not follow, led the masses against Wentong and opened the gates to admit the imperial army. Bi suspected Gu Lei of treachery and would not enter the city. When the Goguryeo army arrived, Wentong went with it. As Wentong fled, he put women in armor in the center while his picked troops and the Goguryeo drew up outside. Bi's subordinate Gao Gouzi led cavalry to charge the rebel host; Bi, drunk, drew his sword to stop him, so Wentong escaped east. Officers and soldiers alike resented that Bi would not strike. The emperor was furious, recalled him, and demoted him to gate guard of Guangxia Gate.
38
尋復為侍中，與尚書李順使于涼州。 拜安西將軍，賜爵建興公，鎮長安，甚著威名。 及議征涼州，弼與順咸言涼州乏水草，不宜行師。 世祖不從。 既克姑臧，微嫌之，以其有將略，故弗之責也。
Before long he was palace attendant again and, with Director Li Shun, was sent as envoy to Liangzhou. He was made General Who Pacifies the West, enfeoffed as Duke of Jianxing, and stationed at Chang'an with great renown, the annals record. When the court debated a Liangzhou campaign, Bi and Shun both said Liangzhou lacked grass and water and was no place to march an army. The emperor would not hear it. After Guzang fell he bore a slight grudge, yet because Bi had generalship he did not punish him.
39
劉義隆遣將裴方明等擊南秦王楊難當，難當遣使請救兵。 未至，難當奔上邽，方明克仇池，立楊玄庶子保熾。 於是假弼節，督隴右諸軍。 義隆遣其秦州刺史胡崇之屯仇池，弼與平西將軍元齊邀崇之於濁水，臨陣擒之，其眾走還漢中。 弼等從祥郊山南入，與東道將皮豹子等討仇池，遣永安侯賀純攻義隆，塞狹道。 守將姜道祖退守狹亭。 諸將以山道嶮峻，時又雪深，用馬不便，皆遲留不進。 弼獨進軍，使元齊、賀純等擊狹亭，道祖南走，仇池平。 未幾，諸氐復推楊文德為主，圍仇池。 弼發上邽、高平、汧城諸軍討之，[4]仇池圍解，文德走漢川。 時豹子督關中諸軍次於下辨，聞仇池圍解，議欲還軍。 弼使謂豹子曰：「比連破賊軍，恐彼君臣未體大分，耻其負敗，或來報復。 若其班師，寇眾復至，後舉為難。 不如繕兵練甲，蓄力待之。 不出秋冬，南寇必來，以逸待勞，百勝之策。」 豹子乃止。 世祖聞之，曰：「弼之言，長策也。 制南秦，弼謀多矣。」
Liu Yilong sent general Pei Fangming and others against Prince of Southern Qin Yang Nandang; Nandang sent envoys begging for rescue. Before relief came, Nandang fled to Shanggui; Fangming took Chouchi and set up Yang Xuan's younger son Baochi. Bi was then given the staff of authority and put in command of the armies of Longyou. Yilong sent his Qinzhou inspector Hu Chongzhi to hold Chouchi; Bi with General Who Pacifies the West Yuan Qi intercepted Chongzhi at Zhuoshui, seized him in the fight, and his troops fled back to Hanzhong. Bi and the rest entered from south of Xiangjiao Mountain with eastern-route general Pi Baozi and others against Chouchi, and sent Marquis of Yong'an He Chun to strike Yilong and seal the narrow passes. The defending general Jiang Daozu fell back to hold Narrow Pavilion. The generals, finding the mountain road steep and snow deep so horses were useless, all hung back. Bi alone pushed the army forward, sent Yuan Qi, He Chun, and the rest against Narrow Pavilion; Daozu fled south and Chouchi was pacified. Before long the Di clans again set up Yang Wende as lord and besieged Chouchi. Bi sent armies from Shanggui, Gaoping, and Qiansheng against them; [4] the siege of Chouchi was raised and Wende fled to Hanchuan. Baozi then commanded the Guanzhong armies and halted at Xiabian; hearing Chouchi's siege was lifted, he debated withdrawing. Bi sent word to Baozi, "Having broken the rebel armies in succession, I fear their ruler and ministers have not yet accepted the great division and, shamed by defeat, may come for revenge. If you withdraw now, the enemy will return and a later campaign will be harder. Better to repair arms, drill the troops, store your strength, and wait. Before autumn and winter are out the southern enemy will surely come; to meet the weary with the rested is the strategy of a hundred victories." Baozi then held his ground. When the emperor heard, he said, "Bi's words are the long view. In holding Southern Qin, Bi's stratagems were many."
40
恭宗總攝萬幾，徵為東宮四輔，與宜都王穆壽等並參政事。 詔以弼保傅東宮，有老成之勤，賜帛千匹、綿千斤。 遷尚書令。 弼雖事務殷湊，而讀書不輟，端謹慎密，口不言禁中之事，功名等於張黎而廉不及也。
When Crown Prince Jing took overall charge of affairs, Bi was summoned as one of the Eastern Palace's four supports, joining Prince of Yidu Mu Shou and others in government. An edict made Bi tutor to the Eastern Palace; for mature, steady service he was given a thousand bolts of silk and a thousand jin of cotton, the annals record. He was transferred to director of the masters of writing. Though his duties pressed hard, Bi never stopped reading; correct, careful, and close-mouthed, he never spoke of inner-palace affairs; his fame and merit matched Zhang Li's, but not his integrity.
41
上谷民上書，言苑囿過度，民無田業，乞減太半，以賜貧人。 弼覽見之，[5]入欲陳奏，遇世祖與給事中劉樹碁，志不聽事。 弼侍坐良久，不獲申聞。 乃起，於世祖前捽樹頭，掣下床，以手搏其耳，以拳毆其背曰：「朝廷不治，實爾之罪！」 世祖失容放碁曰：「不聽奏事，實在朕躬，樹何罪？ 置之！」 弼具狀以聞。 世祖奇弼公直，皆可其所奏，以丐百姓。 弼曰：「為臣而逞其志於君前者，非無罪也。」 乃詣公車，免冠徒跣，自劾請罪。 世祖遣使者召之。 及至，世祖曰：「卿其冠履。 吾聞築社之役，蹇蹷而築之，端冕而事之，神與之福。 然則卿有何罪？ 自今以後，苟利社稷，益國便民者，雖復顛沛造次，卿則為之，無所顧也。」
Men of Shanggu memorialized that the parks and preserves were excessive, the people had no land to farm, and begged to cut them by more than half for the poor. Bi read it; [5] he entered to memorialize but found the emperor playing go with Attendant Liu Shu, with no mind for business. Bi sat in attendance a long while and could not get a hearing. He rose, seized Shu's head before the emperor, dragged him off the couch, boxed his ears and beat his back, crying, "The court does not govern—and the fault is yours!" The emperor lost composure, set down the stones, and said, "Not hearing memorials is my fault—what crime has Shu? Let him go!" Bi laid the full case before him. The emperor marveled at Bi's blunt integrity, approved all he had urged, and granted the land to the people. Bi said, "For a minister to vent his will before his lord is not without guilt." He went to the masters of carts, removed cap and shoes, and impeached himself, begging punishment. The emperor sent an envoy to summon him, the annals record. When he arrived, the emperor said, "Put on cap and shoes. I have heard that in building an altar one may limp yet still build it, yet attend it in full regalia—and the spirits bless it. What crime have you, then? From now on, whatever profits the altars of state and eases the people—even in overturn and haste—you shall do it without looking back."
42
世祖大閱，將校獵於河西。 弼留守，詔以肥馬給騎人，弼命給弱者。 世祖大怒曰：「尖頭奴，敢裁量朕也！ 朕還臺，先斬此奴。」 弼頭尖，世祖常名之曰筆頭，是以時人呼為筆公。 弼屬官惶怖懼誅。 弼告之曰：「吾以為事君使畋獵不適盤遊，其罪小也。 不備不虞，使戎寇恣逸，其罪大也。 今北狄孔熾，南虜未滅，狡焉之志，窺伺邊境，是吾憂也。 故選肥馬備軍實，為不虞之遠慮。 苟使國家有利，吾何避死乎！ 明主可以理干，此自吾罪，非卿等之咎。」 世祖聞而歎曰：「有臣如此，國之寶也！」 賜衣一襲、馬二匹、鹿十頭。 後車駕畋於山北，大獲麋鹿數千頭，詔尚書發車牛五百乘以運之。 世祖尋謂從者曰：「筆公必不與我，汝輩不如馬運之速。」 遂還。 行百餘里而弼表至，曰：「今秋穀懸黃，麻菽布野，猪鹿竊食，鳥雁侵費，風波所耗，朝夕參倍，乞賜矜緩，使得收載。」 世祖謂左右曰：「筆公果如朕所卜，可謂社稷之臣。」
The emperor held a great review and was about to hunt in Hexi with his officers, the annals record. Bi remained on guard; an edict ordered fat horses for the mounted men, but Bi gave them the weak ones. The emperor flew into a rage and cried, "Pointed-head slave—you dare measure me! When I return to the capital I will behead this fellow first. Bi had a pointed head; Shizu nicknamed him Brush Head, and people called him Pen Lord. Bi's staff were terrified they would all be executed. Bi told them, "Serving the throne, giving the emperor poor horses for a hunt is a small fault. Failing to guard against surprise and letting enemies raid at will is a grave fault. The northern tribes blaze with strength and the south is not yet pacified; they watch our frontiers with hungry eyes—that is what troubles me. So I kept the strong horses for the army and looked far ahead against the unexpected. If the realm gains by it, why should I shrink from death? An enlightened ruler can be reached by reason; the blame is mine, not yours. Shizu heard and sighed, "A minister like this is a treasure to the realm!" He received a suit of clothes, two horses, and ten deer. Later the emperor hunted north of the mountains and killed thousands of elk; he ordered the secretariat to send five hundred ox-carts to haul the game. Shizu soon told his escort, "Pen Lord will never let this pass—you are slower than horses for hauling game." He turned back at once. A hundred li on, Bi's memorial arrived: "Autumn grain ripens in the fields, hemp and beans cover the countryside, boar and deer devour the crop, birds waste it, and wind and flood take more still—losses double by the day; grant a stay of mercy so the harvest can be brought in." Shizu told his attendants, "Pen Lord is just as I predicted—a true pillar of the realm."
43
初，楊難當之來也，詔弼悉送其子弟於京師。 楊玄小子文德，以黃金四十斤賂弼，弼受金，留文德而遇之無禮，文德亡入劉義隆。 世祖以其正直有戰功，弗加罪責也。
When Yang Nan dang first submitted, an edict ordered Bi to send all his sons and younger brothers to the capital. Yang Xuan's son Wende gave Bi forty jin of gold; Bi accepted it, detained Wende, treated him roughly, and Wende fled to Liu Yilong. Shizu, weighing his uprightness and battle service, imposed no punishment.
44
世祖崩，吳王立，以弼為司徒。 高宗即位，與張黎並坐議不合旨，俱免，有怨謗之言。 其家人告巫蠱，俱伏法，時人冤之。
After Shizu's death the Prince of Wu took the throne and made Bi minister of works. When Gaozong came to the throne, he and Zhang Li sat in council together; their advice displeased the throne and both were removed, and resentful talk followed. Their families were accused of witchcraft; both were executed, and contemporaries called it a miscarriage of justice.
45
張黎，雁門平原人也。 [6]善書計，太祖知待之。 太宗器其忠亮，賜爵廣平公，管綜機要。
Zhang Li was from Pingyuan in Yanmen commandery. [6] Skilled in accounts, he won Taizu's notice and favor. Taizong prized his loyal candor, made him duke of Guangping, and gave him charge of state secrets.
46
世祖以其功舊，任以輔弼，除大司農卿，軍國大議，黎常與焉。 加鎮北將軍。 以征赫連定功，進號征北大將軍。 與樂安王範、濟南公崔徽鎮長安，[7]清約公平，甚著聲稱。 代下之日，家無餘財。 世祖詔黎領兵一萬二千人，通莎泉道。 車駕征涼州，蠕蠕吳提乘虛入寇，黎與司空道生拒擊之。 恭宗初總百揆，黎與東郡公崔浩等輔政，忠於奉上，非公事不言。 詔曰：「侍中廣平公黎、東郡公浩等，保傅東宮，有老成之勤，朕甚嘉焉。 其賜布帛各千匹，以褒舊勳。」 恭宗薨於東宮，黎兼太尉，持節奉策諡焉。
Shizu, honoring his long service, used him as a chief counselor and grand minister of agriculture; Li joined the weightiest military and civil deliberations. He was further made general who pacifies the north. For campaigning against Helian Ding he was promoted to general who campaigns north. With Prince of Le'an Fan and Duke of Jinan Cui Hui he held Chang'an, [7] and won high repute for frugality and fairness. When he left office his household had no surplus wealth. Shizu ordered Li to lead twelve thousand men and open the Shaquan road. While the emperor campaigned in Liangzhou, Rouran Wuti struck in his absence; Li and Minister of Works Daosheng beat him back. When Gongzong first directed government, Li with Duke of Dongjun Cui Hao and others aided the rule, loyal to the throne and speaking only on state affairs. An edict read, "Palace attendant Duke of Guangping Li, Duke of Dongjun Hao, and others who tutor the Eastern Palace show the seasoned loyalty of elders; We commend them warmly. Let each receive one thousand bolts of cloth and silk in reward for long service." When Gongzong died in the Eastern Palace, Li also served as grand commandant and, bearing the imperial staff, proclaimed the posthumous title.
47
吳王余立，以黎為太尉。 後以議不合旨，免。 仍與古弼並誅。
When Prince of Wu Yu was enthroned, Li was made grand commandant. Later, when his counsel again missed the mark, he was dismissed. He was executed in the same case as Gu Bi.
48
史臣曰：和跋、奚牧、莫題、賀狄干、李栗、劉潔等，並有忠勤征伐之効，任遇仍優，俱至誅滅。 岳見紀危難之中，受事草創之際，智勇既申，功名尤舉，乃良將之材。 弼謀軍輔國，遠略正情，有柱石之量。 張黎誠謹兼方，功舊見重。 纖介之間，一朝殞覆，宥及十世，乃徒言爾，惜乎！
The historiographer writes: He Ba, Xi Mu, Mo Ti, He Digan, Li Li, Liu Jie, and the rest all fought with loyal zeal and were richly favored, yet every one was put to death. Yue, recorded in the annals through hard times and the founding crisis, showed both wit and courage and won signal fame—he was general timber of the first rank. Bi shaped armies and steadied the state, far-sighted and upright in heart—he had the bearing of a pillar. Zhang Li was sincere, careful, and rounded in talent; long service made him heavy in the court's eyes. Between dawn and dusk they were ruined; "mercy for ten generations of kin" proved mere words—what a waste!
49
校勘記
Textual notes
50
擒其將狄伯支唐小方等三十餘人北史卷二０賀狄干傳「三十」作「四十」。 按卷二太祖紀天興五年十月、卷九五姚萇傳都作「四十」，此傳「三」字訛。
"Captured his generals Di Bozhi, Tang Xiaofang, and more than thirty others": Northern History juan 20, He Digan's life, reads thirty as forty. Note: Taizu's annals, juan 2, Tianxing fifth year, tenth month, and juan 95, Yao Chang, both have forty; three here is corrupt.
51
諸將猶不進北史卷二五劉潔傳「進」作「集」，當是。
"The generals still did not advance": Northern History juan 25, Liu Jie's life, has advance as gather; gather is likely right.
52
諸阿附者登進諸本「進」訛「長」，不可通，今據冊府卷三三八 〈四０００頁〉 改。
"Those who fawned on him were promoted": editions corrupt advance as long, which will not parse; the text now follows Cefu juan 338 〈folio 4000〉 and is emended accordingly.
53
弼發上邽高平汧城諸軍討之諸本「汧」作「沂」，冊府卷四二八 〈五０九八頁〉 作「峅」，通鑑卷一二四 〈三九００頁〉 作「岍」。 胡注：「『岍城』意當作『汧城』。」 按秦隴一帶無「沂城」，或「峅城」。 汧城即漢汧縣故城，在今陝西隴縣，地當隴砥要道，卷四下世祖紀下太平真君六年十一月記蓋吳領導的起義軍「殺汧城守將」。 知其地駐有軍隊。 北魏末年即在汧城設置東秦州 〈見太平寰宇記卷二九〉。 「汧」是水名，「岍」是山名，皆在其地，故亦寫作「岍城」。 「沂」是「汧」之訛，「峅」是「岍」之訛。 今改「汧城」。
"Bi launched the armies of Shanggui, Gaoping, and Qian city to attack them": editions read Qian as Yi; Cefu juan 428 〈folio 5098〉 has Biao; Comprehensive Mirror juan 124 〈folio 3900〉 has Mount Qian. Hu's note: "Mount Qian city here should be Qian city (the river-place)." In Qin-Long there is no Yi city; perhaps Biao city is meant. Qian city is the old Han seat of Qian county, now in Long county, Shaanxi, on the vital Long di pass; Shizu's annals, juan 4 lower, Zhenjun sixth year, eleventh month, record Gai Wu's rebels killing the garrison commander of Qian city. That shows a garrison was posted there. Late in Northern Wei, Eastern Qin province was set up at Qian city 〈see Taiping Universal Records, juan 29〉 The river Qian and Mount Qian both lie in that country, so the fortress is also written Qian city. Yi corrupts the river-name Qian, and Biao corrupts the mountain-name Qian. The text is now emended to Qian city.
54
弼覽見之御覽卷四二八 〈一九七０頁〉 作「弼覽而善之」。 按「覽」「見」重複，疑御覽是。
"Bi read it": Imperial Overview juan 428 〈folio 1970〉 has "Bi read it and approved." Note: read and saw repeat; Imperial Overview is probably right.
55
雁門平原人也按卷一０六上地形志上肆州雁門郡有「原平」，無「平原」。 原平乃漢晉舊縣，歷見地志。 這裏「平原」當是「原平」誤倒。
"From Pingyuan in Yanmen": Geography monograph juan 106 upper, Sizhou, Yanmen commandery, lists Yuanping and not Pingyuan. Yuanping was a Han and Jin county, recorded in every geography. Pingyuan here should be Yuanping with the characters reversed.
56
濟南公崔徽鎮長安諸本「徽」作「徵」。 北史卷二五張黎傳、冊府卷四０六 〈四八二六頁〉 作「徽」。 按崔徽附卷二四崔玄伯傳，今據改。
"Duke of Jinan Cui Hui garrisoned Chang'an": editions read Hui as Zheng. Northern History juan 25, Zhang Li's life, and Cefu juan 406 〈folio 4826〉 have Hui. Note: Cui Hui is attached to juan 24, Cui Xuanbo's life; the text is emended accordingly.