1
奚康生楊大眼崔延伯
Xi Kangsheng, Yang Dayan, and Cui Yanbo
2
奚康生，河南洛陽人。 其先代人也，世為部落大人。 祖直，平遠將軍、柔玄鎮將。 入為鎮北大將軍，內外三都大官，賜爵長進侯。 卒，贈幽州刺史，諡曰簡。 父普憐，不仕而卒。
Xi Kangsheng was a native of Luoyang in Henan. His ancestors came from Dai, and for generations they served as tribal chieftains. His grandfather Zhi served as General Who Pacifies the Distance and commander of the Rouxuan Garrison. He was recalled to the capital as Great General Who Guards the North and appointed one of the Three Grand Officers of the Inner and Outer Court, and was enfeoffed as Marquis of Changjin. Upon his death, he was posthumously honored as Governor of You Province with the posthumous name Jian. His father Pulian never entered official service and died without office.
3
太和十一年，蠕蠕頻來寇邊，柔玄鎮都將李兜討擊之。 康生性驍勇，有武藝，弓力十石，矢異常箭，為當時所服。 從兜為前驅軍主，頻戰陷陳，壯氣有聞，由是為宗子隊主。
In the eleventh year of Taihe, the Rouran repeatedly raided the frontier. Li Dou, the chief commander of the Rouxuan Garrison, attacked and defeated them. Kangsheng was naturally fierce and courageous, skilled in the martial arts. His bow strength reached ten stone, and he used arrows unlike any ordinary arrow. Men of the time admired him. Serving under Dou as commander of the vanguard, he repeatedly charged into enemy lines in battle, and his bold reputation spread. For this he was made commander of the imperial clan contingent.
4
從駕征鍾離，駕旋濟淮，五將未渡，蕭鸞遣將率眾據渚，邀斷津路。 高祖敕曰：「能破中渚賊者，以為直閤將軍。」 康生時為軍主，謂友人曰：「如其克也，得暢名績，脫若不捷，命也在天。 丈夫今日何為不決！」 遂便應募，縛筏積柴，因風放火，燒其船艦，依烟直進，飛刀亂斫，投河溺死者甚眾。 乃假康生直閤將軍。 後以勳除中堅將軍、太子三校、西臺直後。
He accompanied the emperor on the campaign against Zhongli. When the emperor turned back and crossed the Huai River, five generals had not yet crossed. Xiao Luan sent a general with troops to seize a sandbar and block the crossing. Emperor Gaozu issued an edict: "Whoever can defeat the enemy at the central sandbar shall be appointed Direct Attendant General." Kangsheng was then a commander. He said to a friend, "If we succeed, I shall win renown for my achievements; if we fail, it is fate. A man today—why should he not be decisive!" He immediately volunteered, bound rafts and piled firewood, and set them afire with the wind to burn the enemy boats. He advanced straight through the smoke, hurling knives left and right; many of the enemy fell into the river and drowned. Kangsheng was then provisionally appointed Direct Attendant General. Later, for his merits he was appointed Central Strong General, one of the Three Commandants of the Crown Prince, and Direct Attendant at the Western Terrace.
5
吐京胡反，自號辛支王。 康生為軍主，從章武王彬討之。 胡遣精騎一千邀路斷截，康生率五百人拒戰，破之，追至石羊城，斬首三十級。 彬甲卒七千，與胡對戰，分為五軍，四軍俱敗，康生軍獨全。 遷為統軍。 率精騎一千追胡至車突谷，詐為墜馬，胡皆謂死，爭欲取之。 康生騰騎奮矛，殺傷數十人，胡遂奔北。 辛支輕騎退走，去康生百餘步，彎弓射之，應弦而死。 因俘其牛羊駝馬以萬數。
The Tujing barbarians rebelled, and their leader styled himself King Xinzhi. Kangsheng served as a commander and followed Prince Zhangwu of Wei, Yuan Bin, to suppress the rebellion. The rebels sent a thousand elite horsemen to block the road. Kangsheng led five hundred men to resist them, defeated the enemy, pursued them to Shiyang Fort, and took thirty heads. Bin had seven thousand armored soldiers and engaged the rebels in battle. The force was divided into five armies; four were utterly defeated, but Kangsheng's army alone remained intact. He was promoted to Army Commander. Leading a thousand elite horsemen, he pursued the rebels to Chetu Valley and feigned a fall from his horse. The rebels all believed he was dead and rushed to capture him. Kangsheng vaulted onto his horse and swung his spear, killing and wounding several dozen men. The rebels then fled north. Xinzhi fled with his light cavalry. When he was more than a hundred paces from Kangsheng, Kangsheng strung his bow and shot; the arrow struck, and Xinzhi fell dead. He took captive their cattle, sheep, camels, and horses by the tens of thousands.
6
蕭鸞置義陽□，招誘邊民。 康生復為統軍，從王肅討之，進圍其城。 鸞將張伏護自昇城樓，言辭不遜，肅令康生射之。 以強弓大箭望樓射窗，扉開即入，應箭而斃。 彼民見箭，皆云狂弩。 以殺伏護，賞帛一千匹。 又頻戰再退其軍，賞三階，帛五百匹。 蕭寶卷將裴叔業率眾圍渦陽，欲解義陽之急。 詔遣高聰等四軍往援之，後遣都督、廣陵侯元衍，並皆敗退。 時刺史孟表頻啟告，高祖敕肅遣康生馳往赴援。 一戰大破之，賞二階，帛一千匹。 及壽春來降也，遣康生領羽林一千人，給龍廐馬兩匹，馳赴壽春。 既入其城，命集城內舊老，宣詔撫賚。 俄而，蕭寶卷將桓和頓軍梁城，陳伯之據峡石，民心駭動，頗有異謀。 康生乃防禦內外，音信不通。 固城一月，援軍乃至。 康生出擊桓和、伯之等二軍，並破走之，拔梁城、合肥、洛口三戍。 以功遷征虜將軍，封安武縣開國男，食邑二百戶。
Xiao Luan established Yiyang (lacuna in source) and began recruiting and enticing the frontier populace. Kangsheng again served as Army Commander and followed Wang Su to attack them, advancing to besiege the city. Xiao Luan's general Zhang Fuhu climbed the city tower and spoke insolently. Wang Su ordered Kangsheng to shoot him. With a powerful bow and a heavy arrow he shot at the tower window. When the shutter opened, the arrow flew in, and Zhang Fuhu fell dead on the spot. The defenders, seeing the arrow, all cried out that it was the shot of a monstrous crossbow. For killing Zhang Fuhu, he was rewarded with one thousand bolts of silk. In repeated battles he twice drove the enemy back and was rewarded with three ranks and five hundred bolts of silk. Xiao Baojuan's general Pei Shuye led troops to besiege Woyang, hoping to relieve the pressure on Yiyang. An edict dispatched Gao Cong and four armies to their aid, and later Grand Commander Yuan Yan, Marquis of Guangling, was sent as well. All were defeated and driven back. Governor Meng Biao sent urgent reports one after another, and Emperor Gaozu ordered Wang Su to dispatch Kangsheng at once to the rescue. In a single battle he routed the enemy and was rewarded with two ranks and one thousand bolts of silk. When Shouchun surrendered, the court sent Kangsheng at the head of one thousand Imperial Guard soldiers, granted him two horses from the imperial stud, and had him ride at full speed to Shouchun. After he entered the city, he was ordered to gather the old residents within the walls, proclaim the imperial edict, and comfort and reward them. Before long, Xiao Baojuan's generals Huan He encamped at Liangcheng and Chen Bozhi held Xiashi. The populace was shaken with fear, and many began to plot treachery. Kangsheng then fortified the city inside and out, and all communications were severed. He held the city for a month before relief forces finally arrived. Kangsheng sallied forth to attack the two armies of Huan He and Chen Bozhi, defeated and routed them both, and captured the garrisons at Liangcheng, Hefei, and Luokou. For his achievements he was promoted to General Who Captures the Barbarians, enfeoffed as Founder Baron of Anwu County, with a fief of two hundred households.
7
出為南青州刺史。 後蕭衍郁洲遣軍主徐濟寇邊，康生率將出討，破之，生擒濟。 賞帛千匹。 時蕭衍聞康生能引強弓，力至十餘石，故特作大弓兩張，送與康生。 康生得弓，便會集文武，乃用平射，猶有餘力。 其弓長八尺，把中圍尺二寸，箭粗殆如今之長笛，觀者以為希世絕倫。 弓即表送，置之武庫。
He was appointed Governor of Southern Qing Province. Later Xiao Yan sent Army Commander Xu Ji from Yuzhou to raid the frontier. Kangsheng led his officers out to attack, defeated them, and captured Xu Ji alive. He was rewarded with one thousand bolts of silk. At the time Xiao Yan heard that Kangsheng could draw a powerful bow of more than ten stone strength, and so he had two great bows made especially and sent them to him. When Kangsheng received the bows, he immediately gathered his civil and military officers and, shooting level with the ground, still had strength to spare. The bows were eight chi long, the grip one chi and two cun around, and the arrows nearly as thick as a modern transverse flute. Onlookers declared them unmatched in the world. He memorialized the bows and sent them to the capital, where they were placed in the arsenal.
8
又蕭衍遣將宋黑率眾寇擾彭城，時康生遭母憂，詔起為別將、持節、假平南將軍，領南青州諸軍擊走之。 後衍復遣都督、臨川王蕭宏，[1]副將張惠紹勒甲十萬規寇徐州，又假宋黑徐州刺史，領眾二萬，水陸俱進，徑圍高塚戍。 詔授康生武衞將軍、持節、假平南將軍，為別將，領羽林三千人，騎、步甲士隨便割配。 康生一戰敗之。 還京，召見宴會，賞帛千匹，賜驊騮御胡馬一匹。
Again Xiao Yan sent General Song Hei with troops to raid Pengcheng. Kangsheng was then in mourning for his mother, but an edict recalled him to serve as Separate Commander, Bearer of the Staff, and Provisionally General Who Pacifies the South, commanding the armies of Southern Qing Province, and he drove the enemy off. Later Xiao Yan again sent Grand Commander Xiao Hong, Prince of Linchuan, [1] with Deputy General Zhang Huishao at the head of one hundred thousand armored men planning to raid Xuzhou. He also provisionally appointed Song Hei Governor of Xuzhou and had him lead twenty thousand men advancing by land and water together to besiege Gaozhong Garrison directly. An edict appointed Kangsheng Guard General, Bearer of the Staff, and Provisionally General Who Pacifies the South, serving as Separate Commander at the head of three thousand Imperial Guard, with cavalry and infantry armored troops assigned as needed. Kangsheng defeated them in a single battle. He returned to the capital, was summoned to an audience and a banquet, rewarded with one thousand bolts of silk, and granted one chestnut steed from the imperial tribute horses.
9
出為平西將軍、華州刺史，頗有聲績。 轉涇州刺史，仍本將軍。 以輒用官炭瓦為御史所劾，削除官爵。 尋旨復之。 蕭衍直閤將軍徐玄明戍於郁洲，殺其刺史張稷，以城內附。 詔遣康生迎接，賜細御銀纏槊一張并棗柰果。 面敕曰：「果者，果如朕心； 棗者，早遂朕意。」 未發之間，郁洲復叛。 時揚州別駕裴絢謀反，除康生平東將軍，為別將，領羽林四千討之，會事平不行。
He was appointed General Who Pacifies the West and Governor of Hua Province, where he won considerable renown. He was transferred to Governor of Jing Province while retaining his rank as general. He was impeached by the censor for misusing official charcoal and roof tiles, and his office and title were stripped away. Shortly afterward, by imperial decree he was restored to office. Xiao Yan's Direct Attendant General Xu Xuanming was garrisoned at Yuzhou. He killed the governor Zhang Ji and offered the city in surrender. An edict dispatched Kangsheng to welcome him and granted him one fine imperial silver-wrapped spear, together with jujubes and nashi pears. The emperor commanded him in person: "As for the fruit—may it indeed match my heart; as for the jujubes—may they soon fulfill my wish." Before he could set out, Yuzhou rebelled again. At the time Pei Xuan, Assistant Governor of Yang Province, plotted rebellion. Kangsheng was appointed General Who Pacifies the East and Separate Commander at the head of four thousand Imperial Guard to suppress him, but the affair was settled before he marched.
10
遭父憂，起為平西將軍、西中郎將。 是歲，大舉征蜀，假康生安西將軍，領步騎三萬邪趣緜竹。 至隴右，世宗崩，班師。 除衞尉卿。 出為撫軍將軍、相州刺史。 在州，以天旱令人鞭石虎畫像； 復就西門豹祠祈雨，不獲，令吏取豹舌。 未幾，二兒暴喪，身亦遇疾，巫以為虎、豹之祟。
While in mourning for his father, he was recalled from retirement to serve as General Who Pacifies the West and West Central Guard General. That year a major campaign was launched against Shu. Kangsheng was provisionally appointed General Who Pacifies the West and led thirty thousand infantry and cavalry on an oblique march toward Mianzhu. When they reached Longyou, Emperor Xiaoming died, and the army turned back. He was appointed Minister of the Guard. He was appointed General Who Pacifies the Army and Governor of Xiang Province. While governing the province, during a drought he had people whip the painted image of the stone tiger; he also prayed for rain at the shrine of Ximen Bao, and when no rain came, he ordered an official to cut out the leopard's tongue. Before long both his sons died suddenly, and he himself fell ill as well. Shamans said the tiger and leopard had brought the affliction.
11
徵拜光祿卿，領右衞將軍。 與元叉同謀廢靈太后。 遷撫軍大將軍、河南尹，仍右衞，領左右。 與子難娶左衞將軍侯剛女，即元叉妹夫也。 叉以其通姻，深相委託，三人率多俱宿禁內，時或迭出。 叉以康生子難為千牛備身。
He was summoned to court and appointed Minister of the Imperial Domain, concurrently serving as Right Guard General. Together with Yuan Cha he plotted to depose Empress Dowager Ling. He was promoted to Grand General Who Pacifies the Army and Intendant of Henan, retaining his post as Right Guard General and commanding the Imperial Bodyguard. His son Nan married the daughter of Left Guard General Hou Gang, who was Yuan Cha's brother-in-law. Because of this marriage tie, Cha deeply trusted him. The three men often slept together within the inner palace, sometimes taking turns going out. Cha appointed Kangsheng's son Nan to the Thousand-Ox Guard.
12
康生性粗武，言氣高下，叉稍憚之，見于顏色，康生亦微懼不安。 正光二年三月，肅宗朝靈太后于西林園，文武侍坐，酒酣迭舞。 次至康生，康生乃為力士舞，及於折旋，每顧視太后，舉手、蹈足、瞋目、頷首為殺縛之勢。 太后解其意而不敢言。 日暮，太后欲攜肅宗宿宣光殿。 侯剛曰：「至尊已朝訖，嬪御在南，何勞留宿？」 康生曰：「至尊，陛下兒，隨陛下將東西，更復訪問誰？」 羣臣莫敢應。 靈太后自起援肅宗臂下堂而去。 康生大呼唱萬歲於後，近侍皆唱萬歲。 肅宗引前入閤，左右競相排，閤不得閉。 康生奪其子難千牛刀，斫直後元思輔，乃得定。 肅宗既上殿，康生時有酒勢，將出處分，遂為叉所執，鎖於門下。 至曉，叉不出，令侍中、黃門、僕射、尚書等十餘人就康生所訊其事，處康生斬刑，難處絞刑。 叉與剛並在內矯詔決之。 康生如奏，難恕死從流。 難哭拜辭父，康生忻子免死，又亦慷慨，了不悲泣。 語其子云：「我不反死，汝何為哭也？」 有司驅逼，奔走赴巿。 時已昏闇，行刑人注刀數下不死，於地刻截。 咸言禀叉意旨，過至苦痛。 嘗食典御奚混與康生同執刀入內，亦就巿絞刑。
Kangsheng was rough and martial by nature, and his speech rose and fell without restraint. Cha gradually came to fear him, and it showed in his face; Kangsheng too grew uneasy. In the third month of the second year of Zhengguang, Emperor Xiaozan held audience for Empress Dowager Ling in Xilin Garden. Civil and military officials sat in attendance, and when the wine had gone deep they danced in turn. When Kangsheng's turn came, he performed a warrior's dance. As he spun and turned, he kept glancing at the Empress Dowager, raising his hands, stamping his feet, glaring, and nodding—all in gestures of seizing and killing. The Empress Dowager understood his intent but did not dare speak. At dusk the Empress Dowager wished to take Emperor Xiaozan to stay the night at Xuanguang Hall. Hou Gang said, "The Son of Heaven has already finished his audience; the consorts are in the south quarters. Why should you trouble yourself to stay the night?" Kangsheng said, "The Son of Heaven is Your Majesty's son; he goes wherever Your Majesty goes—whom else need you ask?" No minister dared answer. Empress Dowager Ling herself rose, supported Emperor Xiaozan by the arm, and led him down from the hall. Kangsheng shouted "Long live the Emperor!" from behind, and the attendants nearby all joined in shouting "Long live the Emperor!" Emperor Xiaozan was pulled forward into the inner chamber. Attendants crowded forward to block the way, and the door could not be shut. Kangsheng seized his son Nan's Thousand-Ox saber and hacked down Direct Attendant Yuan Sifu; only then was order restored. Once Emperor Xiaozan had ascended the hall, Kangsheng, still drunk, was about to go out to issue orders when Cha seized him and chained him at the Gate Office. By dawn Cha still did not emerge. He sent more than ten Palace Attendants, Yellow Gate officials, Vice Ministers, and Ministers to Kangsheng's cell to investigate the affair. Kangsheng was sentenced to decapitation and Nan to strangulation. Cha and Hou Gang, both inside the palace, forged an edict to confirm the sentences. The sentence on Kangsheng stood as reported; Nan's death sentence was commuted to exile. Nan wept and bade farewell to his father. Kangsheng was glad his son had been spared death. Yuan Cha too was deeply stirred, yet Kangsheng did not weep at all. He told his son, "I did not rebel—why then do you weep?" The officials drove him on, and he ran to the execution ground. It was already dark. The executioner struck several times with the blade but failed to kill him, and on the ground they hacked him to pieces. Everyone said he had acted on Yuan Cha's orders, and the torment went far beyond ordinary suffering. Once Palace Provisioner Xi Hun had entered the palace with Kangsheng, both with blades in hand, and Hun too was executed by strangulation at the market.
13
康生久為將，及臨州尹，多所殺戮。 而乃信向佛道，數捨其居宅以立寺塔。 凡歷四州，皆有建置。 死時年五十四。
Kangsheng had long served as a general, and when he took up office as provincial Intendant he put many to death. Yet he turned to Buddhism in earnest and repeatedly gave up his own homes to build temples and pagodas. In all four provinces where he served, he left such foundations behind. He was fifty-four when he died.
14
子難，年十八。 以侯剛子壻得停百日，竟徙安州。 後尚書盧同為行臺，又令殺之。 [2]
His son Nan was eighteen years old. Because he was Hou Gang's son-in-law, Nan's death sentence was stayed for one hundred days, but in the end he was exiled to An Province. Later, when Minister of the Interior Lu Tong served as mobile headquarters, he again ordered Nan put to death. Note 2: The Northern Dynasties version reads Yuan Cha where this text has "again," suggesting Yuan Cha ordered the killing rather than Lu Tong.
15
康生於南山立佛圖三層，先死忽夢崩壞。 沙門有為解云：「檀越當不吉利，無人供養佛圖，故崩耳。」 康生稱然。 竟及禍。 靈太后反政，贈都督冀瀛滄三州諸軍事、驃騎大將軍、司空公、冀州刺史，又追封壽張縣開國侯，食邑一千戶。
Kangsheng had built a three-story Buddhist pagoda on the South Mountain, and shortly before his death he dreamed suddenly that it had collapsed. The monk Youwei offered an interpretation: "Patron, this is an ill omen. With no one to make offerings to the pagoda, it collapsed for that reason alone." Kangsheng agreed that this must be so. In the end calamity overtook him. When Empress Dowager Ling regained power, he was posthumously honored as Commander-in-Chief of military affairs in Ji, Ying, and Cang provinces, Grand General of Agile Cavalry, Duke of Minister of Works, and Governor of Ji Province, and was also posthumously enfeoffed as Founder Marquis of Shouzhang County with a fief of one thousand households.
16
子剛，襲。 武定中，青州開府主簿。 齊受禪，爵例降。
His son Gang inherited the title. During Wuding he served as Chief Clerk to the Pacifying-Army headquarters of Qing Province. When Qi received the abdication, his noble rank was reduced according to the usual rule.
17
剛弟定國，襲康生安武縣開國男。
Gang's younger brother Dingguo inherited Kangsheng's title as Founder Baron of Anwu County.
18
楊大眼，武都氐難當之孫也。 少有膽氣，跳走如飛。 然側出，不為其宗親顧待，頗有飢寒之切。 太和中，起家奉朝請。 時高祖自代將南伐，令尚書李沖典選征官，大眼往求焉。 沖弗許，大眼曰：「尚書不見知，聽下官出一技。」 便出長繩三丈許繫髻而走，繩直如矢，馬馳不及，見者莫不驚歎。 沖曰：「自千載以來，未有逸材若此者也。」 遂用為軍主。 大眼顧謂同僚曰：「吾之今日，所謂蛟龍得水之秋，自此一舉終不復與諸君齊列矣。」 未幾，遷為統軍。 從高祖征宛、葉、穰、鄧、九江、鍾離之間，所經戰陳，莫不勇冠六軍。 世宗初，裴叔業以壽春內附，大眼與奚康生等率眾先入，以功封安成縣開國子，食邑三百戶。 除直閤將軍，尋加輔國將軍、游擊將軍。
Yang Dayan was a grandson of Yang Dang, the Di chieftain of Wudu. From youth he had courage and dash; when he leaped and ran he was swift as flight. But as a collateral branch of the family he received little care from his clan kin and knew real hunger and cold. In the Taihe era he first entered office as Attendant at Court. At the time Emperor Gaozu was about to march south from Dai and had ordered Minister of the Interior Li Chong to supervise the selection of campaign officers; Dayan went to request a post. Chong refused him. Dayan said, "Since the Minister does not recognize my worth, allow this subordinate to display one skill." He took out a long rope of some three zhang, tied it to his topknot, and ran. The rope stretched straight as an arrow, and horses at full gallop could not catch him. All who saw it were astonished and cried out in admiration. Chong said, "In a thousand years there has never been such extraordinary talent as this." He was thereupon employed as an army commander. Dayan turned to his colleagues and said, "Today for me is what they call the season when the flood dragon finds water. From this one advance I shall never again stand on equal footing with you all." Before long he was promoted to Army Commander. Following Emperor Gaozu in campaigns among Wan, Ye, Rang, Deng, Jiujiang, and Zhongli, in every battle he fought his courage topped the Six Armies. At the start of Emperor Xiaoming's reign, Pei Shuye surrendered Shouchun to the court. Dayan, Xi Kangsheng, and others led the vanguard, and for his merit Dayan was enfeoffed as Founder Viscount of Ancheng County with a fief of three hundred households. He was appointed Direct Attendant General, and soon given the additional titles General Who Assists the State and General Who Roams in Attack.
19
出為征虜將軍、東荊州刺史。 時蠻酋樊秀安等反，詔大眼為別將，隸都督李崇，討平之。 大眼妻潘氏，善騎射，自詣軍省大眼。 至於攻陳遊獵之際，大眼令妻潘戎裝，或齊鑣戰場，或並驅林壑。 及至還營，同坐幕下，對諸僚佐，言笑自得，時指之謂人曰：「此潘將軍也。」
He was appointed General Who Subdues the Barbarians and Governor of Eastern Jing Province. At the time the barbarian chieftains Fan Xiuan and others rebelled. An edict appointed Dayan Separate Commander under Grand Commander Li Chong to suppress and pacify them. Dayan's wife, Lady Pan, was skilled at mounted archery and came in person to the army camp to join her husband. When attacking enemy lines or hunting, Dayan had Lady Pan dress in armor, sometimes riding side by side on the battlefield, sometimes driving abreast through forests and ravines. When they returned to camp they sat together beneath the tent awning. Before his staff officers he laughed and talked at ease, and at times would point to her and tell people, "This is General Pan."
20
蕭衍遣其前江州刺史王茂先率眾數萬次于樊雍，招誘蠻夏，規立宛州，又令其所署宛州刺史雷豹狼、軍主曹仲宗等領眾二萬偷據河南城。 世宗以大眼為武衞將軍、假平南將軍、持節，都督統軍曹敬、邴虬、樊魯等諸軍討茂先等，大破之，斬衍輔國將軍王花、龍驤將軍申天化，俘馘七千有餘。 衍又遣其舅張惠紹總率眾軍，[3]竊據宿豫。 又假大眼平東將軍為別將，與都督邢巒討破之。 遂乘勝長驅，與中山王英同圍鍾離。 大眼軍城東，守淮橋東西二道。 屬水汎長，大眼所綰統軍劉神符、公孫祉兩軍夜中爭橋奔退，大眼不能禁，相尋而走，坐徙為營州兵。
Xiao Yan sent his former Jiangzhou Inspector Wang Maoxian with tens of thousands of men to encamp at Fanyong, to win over barbarians and Chinese and plan to establish Wan Province. He also had his appointed Wan Governor Lei Baolang, Army Commander Cao Zhongzong, and others lead twenty thousand men to seize Henan City by stealth. Emperor Xiaoming appointed Dayan Guard General, Provisionally General Who Pacifies the South, and Bearer of the Staff, commanding Army Commanders Cao Jing, Bing Qiu, Fan Lu, and other armies against Maoxian and his forces. Dayan routed them, beheaded Xiao Yan's General Who Assists the State Wang Hua and General of Dragon Cavalry Shen Tianhua, and captured or beheaded more than seven thousand. Xiao Yan again sent his maternal uncle Zhang Huishao to command all the armies, [3] and they stealthily seized Suyu. Dayan was again provisionally made General Who Pacifies the East and Separate Commander, and with Grand Commander Xing Luan he attacked and defeated them. He then pressed the victory in a long pursuit and, together with Prince of Zhongshan Yuan Ying, jointly besieged Zhongli. Dayan's army was stationed east of the city, guarding the eastern and western approaches to the Huai Bridge. When the waters rose in flood, the two armies under Army Commanders Liu Shenfu and Gongsun Zhi that Dayan commanded fought over the bridge by night and fled in retreat. Dayan could not stop them, and they withdrew one after another. He was punished by exile to serve as a soldier in Ying Province.
21
永平中，世宗追其前勳，起為試守中山內史。 時高肇征蜀，世宗慮蕭衍侵軼徐揚，乃徵大眼為太尉長史、持節、假平南將軍、東征別將，隸都督元遙，遏禦淮肥。 大眼至京師，時人思其雄勇，喜其更用，臺省閭巷，觀者如巿。 大眼次譙南，世宗崩。 時蕭衍遣將康絢於浮山遏淮，規浸壽春，詔加大眼光祿大夫，率諸軍鎮荊山，復其封邑。 後與蕭寶夤俱征淮堰，不能克。 遂於堰上流鑿渠決水而還，加平東將軍。
During Yongping, Emperor Xiaoming, recalling his earlier merits, recalled him to serve as Acting Administrator of Zhongshan. At the time Gao Zhao was campaigning in Shu, and Emperor Xiaoming feared Xiao Yan would raid Xu and Yang. He summoned Dayan as Chief Clerk to the Minister of War, Bearer of the Staff, Provisionally General Who Pacifies the South, and Eastern Campaign Separate Commander under Grand Commander Yuan Yao to block and defend the Huai and Fei region. When Dayan reached the capital, people missed his heroic courage and rejoiced at his reappointment. In the ministries and lanes of the wards, onlookers packed the streets like a market. Dayan encamped south of Qiao, and Emperor Xiaoming died. At the time Xiao Yan sent General Kang Xuan to block the Huai at Fushan and planned to inundate Shouchun. An edict promoted Dayan to Grand Master for Splendid Happiness, had him lead all armies to garrison Jingshan, and restored his fief. Later, together with Xiao Baoyin, he campaigned against the Huai embankment but could not capture it. He then cut a channel upstream of the embankment to release the water and withdrew. He was given the additional title General Who Pacifies the East.
22
大眼善騎乘，裝束雄竦，擐甲折旋，見稱當世。 撫巡士卒，呼為兒子，及見傷痍，為之流泣。 自為將帥，恒身先兵士，衝突堅陳，出入不疑，當其鋒者，莫不摧拉。 南賊前後所遣督將，軍未渡江，預皆畏懾。 傳言淮泗、荊沔之間有童兒啼者，恐之云「楊大眼至」，無不即止。 王肅弟子秉之初歸國也，謂大眼曰：「在南聞君之名，以為眼如車輪。 及見，乃不異人。」 大眼曰：「旗鼓相望，瞋眸奮發，足使君目不能視，何必大如車輪。」 當世推其驍果，皆以為關張弗之過也。 然征淮堰之役，喜怒無常，捶撻過度，軍士頗撼焉。 識者以為性移所致。
Dayan was skilled at riding, his equipment imposing and martial. Clad in armor and wheeling about, he was acclaimed in his age. He comforted and inspected the soldiers, calling them his sons, and when he saw the wounded he wept for them. From the time he became a commander, he always placed himself ahead of the troops. Charging hard formations and passing in and out without hesitation, whoever met his edge was shattered and brought down. The commanders and generals the southern rebels sent, one after another, were already cowed in dread before their armies had even crossed the Yangzi. Legend had it that among children crying between the Huai-Si and Jing-Mian regions, those who feared them would say, "Yang Dayan is coming," and none failed to stop at once. When Wang Su's nephew Bingzhi had just returned to the realm, he said to Dayan, "In the south I heard your name and thought your eyes were like cart wheels. When I met you, you were no different from other men." Dayan said, "When standards and drums face each other and I glare and rouse myself, that is enough to keep your eyes from seeing—why must they be as large as cart wheels?" Men of the age praised his fierce valor, all thinking he did not fall short of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. Yet in the campaign at the Huai embankment his joy and anger were capricious, beatings exceeded measure, and the soldiers were greatly shaken. The discerning took this to be due to a shift in character.
23
又以本將軍出為荊州刺史。 常縛蒿為人，衣以青布而射之。 召諸蠻渠指示之曰：「卿等若作賊，吾政如此相殺也。」 又北淯郡嘗有虎害，大眼搏而獲之，斬其頭懸於穰巿。 自是荊蠻相謂曰：「楊公惡人，常作我蠻形以射之。 又深山之虎尚所不免。」 遂不敢復為寇盜。 在州二年而卒。
He was again appointed, retaining his original rank as general, as Governor of Jing Province. He often bound reeds into the shape of a man, clothed it in blue cloth, and shot arrows at it. He summoned the barbarian chieftains, pointed it out, and said, "If you make yourselves bandits, my government will kill you just like this." Again, in Beiyu Commandery there had once been tiger attacks. Dayan grappled and captured one, cut off its head, and hung it in Rang market. From then on the Jing barbarians said to one another, "Lord Yang is a wicked man—he constantly makes our barbarian form and shoots at it. Even mountain tigers deep in the hills did not escape." They dared no longer become raiding bandits. After two years in the province he died.
24
大眼雖不學，恒遣人讀書，坐而聽之，悉皆記識。 令作露布，皆口授之，而竟不多識字也。 有三子，長甑生，次領軍，次征南，皆潘氏所生，氣幹咸有父風。
Although Dayan had no schooling, he constantly had someone read books aloud. He would sit and listen and remember everything. When he ordered battle reports written, he dictated them all by mouth, yet in the end he knew few characters. He had three sons: the eldest Zengsheng, the second Lingjun, the third Zhengnan—all born of Lady Pan—bold in spirit and all bearing their father's bearing.
25
初，大眼徙營州，潘在洛陽，頗有失行。 及為中山，大眼側生女夫趙延寶言之於大眼，大眼怒，幽潘而殺之。 後娶繼室元氏。 大眼之死也，甑生等問印綬所在。 時元始懷孕，自指其腹謂甑生等曰：「開國當我兒襲之，汝等婢子，勿有所望！」 甑生深以為恨。 及大眼喪將還京，出城東七里，營車而宿。 夜二更，甑生等開大眼棺，延寶怪而問之，征南射殺之。 元怖，走入水，征南又彎弓射之。 甑生曰：「天下豈有害母之人。」 乃止。 遂取大眼屍，令人馬上抱之，左右扶挾以叛。 荊人畏甑生等驍勇，不敢苦追。 奔於襄陽，遂歸蕭衍。
At first, when Dayan was exiled to Ying Province, Pan was in Luoyang and had rather improper conduct. When he became Administrator of Zhongshan, Dayan's daughter's husband by a concubine Zhao Yanbao spoke of it to Dayan. Dayan was enraged, imprisoned Pan, and killed her. Later he married his successor wife, Lady Yuan. When Dayan died, Zengsheng and the others asked where the seal and sash were. At the time Lady Yuan was pregnant. She pointed to her belly and said to Zengsheng and the rest, "The founding title shall be inherited by my son—you slave-girls' sons need not hope for anything!" Zengsheng deeply resented this. When Dayan's funeral was about to return to the capital, they went seven li east of the city, pitched the funeral carts, and encamped for the night. At the second watch of the night, Zengsheng and the others opened Dayan's coffin. Yanbao, alarmed, questioned them, and Zhengnan shot and killed him. Lady Yuan was terrified, fled into the water, and Zhengnan again bent his bow and shot at her. Zengsheng said, "Under heaven, how could there be one who would harm his mother?" He then stopped them. They then took Dayan's corpse, had a man hold it mounted on horseback, and with attendants on either side supporting him they rebelled. The people of Jing feared the fierce valor of Zengsheng and the others and did not dare press the pursuit hard. They fled to Xiangyang and there submitted to Xiao Yan.
26
崔延伯，博陵人也。 祖壽，於彭城陷入江南。 延伯有氣力，少以勇壯聞。 仕蕭賾，為緣淮遊軍，帶濠口戍主。 太和中入國，高祖深嘉之，常為統帥。 膽氣絕人，兼有謀略，所在征討，咸立戰功。 積勞稍進，除征虜將軍、荊州刺史，賜爵定陵男。 荊州土險，蠻左為寇，每有聚結，延伯輒自討之，莫不摧殄，由是穰土帖然，無敢為患。
Cui Yanbo was a native of Boling. His grandfather Shou fell captive south of the Yangzi at Pengcheng. Yanbo had great strength; from youth he was known for courage and vigor. He served Xiao Ze as a roving army along the Huai, concurrently garrison commander at Haokou. In the Taihe era he entered the realm. Emperor Gaozu greatly admired him and often made him a commander-in-chief. His courage surpassed other men, and he combined it with strategy. Wherever he campaigned and attacked, he always achieved military merit. Through accumulated service he gradually advanced. He was appointed General Who Subdues the Barbarians and Governor of Jing Province, and granted the rank of Baron of Dingling. Jing Province's terrain was perilous and the barbarians of the left raided. Whenever they gathered, Yanbo personally attacked them, and none failed to be crushed and destroyed. Thereby the Rang region became tranquil, with none daring to cause harm.
27
永平中，轉後將軍、幽州刺史。 蕭衍遣其左遊擊將軍趙祖悅率眾偷據峽石，詔延伯為別將，與都督崔亮討之。 亮令延伯守下蔡。 延伯與別將伊瓫生挾淮為營。 延伯遂取車輪，去輞，削銳其輻，兩兩接對，揉竹為絙，貫連相屬，並十餘道，橫水為橋，兩頭施大轆轤，出沒任情，不可燒斫。 既斷祖悅等走路，又令舟舸不通，由是衍軍不能赴救，祖悅合軍咸見俘虜。 於軍拜平南將軍、光祿大夫。
During Yongping he was transferred to Rear General and Governor of You Province. Xiao Yan sent his Left General Who Roams in Attack Zhao Zuyue leading troops to steal and seize Xiashi. An edict appointed Yanbo Separate Commander, and with Grand Commander Cui Liang he attacked them. Liang ordered Yanbo to defend Xia Cai. Yanbo and Separate Commander Yi Pisheng set camp straddling the Huai. Yanbo then took cart wheels, removed the rims, and sharpened the spokes to points. He paired them two by two, twisted bamboo into cables, and threaded and linked them together in more than ten spans, laying them across the water as a bridge with large windlasses at both ends. The bridge could be raised or lowered at will and could not be burned or cut down. Having cut off Zuyue and the others' route of escape and also blocked boats from passing, Xiao Yan's army could not come to the rescue, and Zuyue's combined forces were all taken captive. In the field he was appointed General Who Pacifies the South and Grand Master for Splendid Happiness.
28
延伯與楊大眼等至自淮陽，靈太后幸西林園引見延伯等。 太后曰：「卿等志尚雄猛，皆國之名將，比平峽石，公私慶快，此乃卿等之功也。 但淮堰仍在，宜須豫謀，故引卿等親共量算，各出一圖以為後計。」 大眼對曰：「臣輒謂水陸二道，一時俱下，往無不克。」 延伯曰：「臣今輒難大眼，既對聖顏，答旨宜實，水南水北各有溝瀆，陸地之計如何可前？ 愚臣短見，願聖心愍水兵之勤苦，給復一年，專習水戰，脫有不虞，召便可用，往無不獲。」 靈太后曰：「卿之所言，深是宜要，當敕如請。」
Yanbo, Yang Dayan, and the others returned from Huaiyang. Empress Dowager Ling visited Xilin Garden and received Yanbo and the others in audience. The Empress Dowager said, "You all are bold and fierce in spirit—all famous generals of the realm. In recently pacifying Xiashi, the court and the people rejoiced alike, and this is your achievement. But the Huai embankment still remains, and plans must be made in advance. Therefore I have summoned you to measure and calculate together in person, each to submit one map for our future planning." Dayan replied, "Your servant maintains that the water and land routes should both advance together at once; wherever we go we shall not fail to prevail." Yanbo said, "Your servant now must take issue with Dayan. Having faced the sacred countenance, my reply should be true. South and north of the water each have trenches and ditches—how can a land plan advance? This dull minister's short view is that Your Majesty's heart should pity the water troops' hardship and grant them remission for one year to train exclusively in naval warfare. If misfortune should arise, they can be summoned and deployed at once, and wherever sent they will not fail to succeed." Empress Dowager Ling said, "What you say is very much to the point. I shall decree as you request."
29
二年，除安北將軍、并州刺史。 在州貪汙，聞於遠近。 還為金紫光祿大夫。 出為鎮南將軍、行岐州刺史，假征西將軍，賜驊騮馬一匹。 正光五年秋，以往在揚州，建淮橋之勳，封當利縣開國男，食邑二百戶，尋增邑一百戶，改封新豐，進爵為子。
In the second year of Zhengguang, he was appointed General Who Pacifies the North and Governor of Bing Province. While in the province he was corrupt, and it was known far and wide. He returned to serve as Grand Master of the Gold Seal and Purple Girdle. He was appointed General Who Guards the South and acting Governor of Qi Province, provisionally General Who Campaigns West, and was granted one steed of the Hanxiliu breed. In autumn of the fifth year of Zhengguang, for his past merit at Yang Province in building the Huai bridge, he was enfeoffed as Founder Baron of Dangli County with a fief of two hundred households. Soon the fief was increased by one hundred households, his enfeoffment was changed to Xinfeng, and he was advanced in rank to Viscount.
30
時莫折念生兄天生下隴東寇，征西將軍元志為天生所擒，賊眾甚盛，進屯黑水。 詔延伯為使持節、征西將軍、西道都督，與行臺蕭寶夤討之。 寶夤與延伯結壘馬嵬，南北相去百餘步。 寶夤日集督將論討賊方略，延伯每云「賊新制勝，難與爭鋒」。 寶夤正色責之曰：「君荷國寵靈，總戎出討，便是安危所繫，每云賊不可討，以示怯懦，損威挫氣，乃君之罪。」 延伯明晨詣寶夤自謝，仍云：「今當仰為明公參賊勇怯。」 延伯選精兵數千，下渡黑水，列陳西進以向賊營，寶夤率眾於水東尋原西北，以示後繼。 於時賊眾大盛，水西一里營營連接。 延伯徑至賊壘，揚威脅之，徐而還退。 賊以延伯眾少，開營競追，眾過十倍，臨水逼蹙。 寶夤親觀之，懼有虧損。 延伯不與其戰，身自殿後，抽眾東渡，轉運如神，須臾濟盡，徐乃自渡。 賊徒奪氣，相率還營。 寶夤大悅，謂官屬曰：「崔公，古之關張也。 今年何患不制賊。」 延伯馳見寶夤曰：「此賊非老奴敵，公但坐看。」 後日，延伯勒眾而出，寶夤為後拒。 天生悉眾來戰，延伯申令將士，身先士卒，陷其前鋒。 於是勇銳競進，大破之，俘斬十餘萬，追奔及於小隴。 秦賊勁強，諸將所憚，朝廷初議遣將，咸云非延伯無以定之，果能克敵。 授右衞將軍。
At the time Mozhe Niansheng's elder brother Tiansheng came down from Long east to raid. General Who Campaigns West Yuan Zhi was captured by Tiansheng, the bandits were very strong, and they advanced to encamp at Heishui. An edict appointed Yanbo Bearer of the Staff, General Who Campaigns West, and Western Route Commander, to campaign against them together with mobile headquarters chief Xiao Baoyin. Baoyin and Yanbo set up camps at Maqi, north and south more than a hundred paces apart. Baoyin daily gathered generals and commanders to discuss strategy against the bandits. Yanbo would always say, "The bandits have newly gained the upper hand; it is hard to contest their edge." Baoyin sternly rebuked him: "You bear the state's favor and grace and command troops on expedition—this bears on safety and peril. Always saying the bandits cannot be attacked shows cowardice, damages prestige, and deflates spirit—this is your fault." The next morning Yanbo came to Baoyin to apologize in person and also said, "Today I shall act on your behalf to test the bandits' courage or cowardice." Yanbo selected several thousand elite troops, crossed downstream to ford the Heishui, drew up formation, and advanced west toward the bandit camp. Baoyin led forces east of the water along the plain to the northwest to show rearguard support. At the time the bandit forces were very strong; west of the water for a full li, camps linked camp to camp. Yanbo went straight to the bandit rampart, displayed his might and intimidated them, and slowly withdrew. The bandits, thinking Yanbo had few troops, opened camp and competed in pursuit. Their numbers exceeded his by more than tenfold, and they pressed him hard at the water's edge. Baoyin watched in person and feared losses. Yanbo did not engage them. He personally brought up the rear, drew off his troops eastward across the water, and moved them as if by divinity—in an instant all were across, and only then did he cross at leisure himself. The bandit troops lost their spirit and one after another returned to camp. Baoyin was greatly pleased and said to his staff, "Lord Cui is a Guan Yu and Zhang Fei of antiquity. This year what worry is there of failing to subdue the bandits?" Yanbo galloped to see Baoyin and said, "These bandits are no match for this old servant—my lord need only sit and watch." On the following day Yanbo led his troops out, and Baoyin served as rearguard. Tiansheng came with all his forces to fight. Yanbo issued strict orders to officers and men, placed himself ahead of the troops, and broke their vanguard. Thereupon the brave and sharp competed to advance. He routed them utterly, captured and beheaded more than one hundred thousand, and pursued the rout as far as Xiaolong. The Qin bandits were powerful and fierce, and generals feared them. When the court first debated dispatching a commander, all said none but Yanbo could settle matters, and indeed he was able to overcome the enemy. He was appointed Right Guard General.
31
於時万俟醜奴、宿勤明達等寇掠涇川。 先是，盧祖遷、伊瓫生數將等皆以元志前行之始，同時發雍，從六陌道將取高平。 志敗，仍停涇部。 延伯既破秦賊，乃與寶夤率眾會於安定，甲卒十二萬，鐵馬八千匹，軍威甚盛。 醜奴置營涇州西北七十里當原城，時或輕騎暫來挑戰，大兵未交，便示奔北。 延伯矜功負勝，遂唱議先驅。 伐木別造大排，內為鎖柱，教習強兵，負而趨走，號為排城，戰士在外，輜重居中，自涇州緣原北上。 眾軍將出討賊，未戰之間，有賊數百騎，詐持文書，云是降簿，乞且緩師。 寶夤、延伯謂其事實，逡巡未閱。 俄而宿勤明達率眾自東北而至，乞降之賊從西競下，諸軍前後受敵。 延伯上馬突陳，賊勢摧挫，便爾逐北，徑造其營。 賊本輕騎，延伯軍兼步卒，兵力疲怠，賊乃乘間得入排城。 延伯軍遂大敗，死傷者將有二萬。 寶夤斂軍退保涇州。 延伯修繕器械，購募驍勇，復從涇州西進，去賊彭抗谷柵七里結營。 延伯耻前挫辱，不報寶夤，獨出襲賊，大破之，俄頃間平其數柵。 賊皆逃遁，見兵人採掠，散亂不整，還來衝突，遂大奔敗。 延伯中流矢，為賊所害，士卒死者萬餘人。
At the time Moqi Chounu, Suqin Mingda, and others raided and plundered in Jingchuan. Earlier, Lu Zuqian, Yi Pisheng, and several other commanders had all set out from Yong at the start of Yuan Zhi's advance, taking the Liuyu road to seize Gaoping. When Zhi was defeated, they still remained in the Jing region. After Yanbo had broken the Qin bandits, he and Baoyin led their forces to join at Anding—one hundred twenty thousand armored soldiers and eight thousand iron horses—and the army's prestige was very great. Chounu set camp at Dangyuan City seventy li northwest of Jing Province. At times light cavalry would briefly come to challenge, and before the main forces clashed they would feign flight northward. Yanbo, proud of his merit and confident of victory, then proposed taking the vanguard. They felled trees to build large mantlets separately, fitted with locking pillars inside, and trained strong troops to carry them and run. They called this "barrier city"—warriors outside, baggage in the center—and from Jing Province they marched north along the plain. As the armies were about to set out against the bandits, before battle several hundred mounted bandits, falsely holding documents and claiming they were registers of surrender, asked that the army hold its advance briefly. Baoyin and Yanbo took the matter to be real and hesitated without reviewing the documents. Suddenly Suqin Mingda led troops from the northeast, while the bandits who had begged to surrender charged down from the west. The armies were attacked front and rear. Yanbo mounted and charged the formation. The bandits' momentum was broken, and he at once pursued north, going straight to their camp. The bandits were originally light cavalry, while Yanbo's army included foot soldiers as well. With strength exhausted, the bandits seized the opportunity and penetrated the barrier city. Yanbo's army then suffered a great defeat; killed and wounded were nearly twenty thousand. Baoyin gathered his troops and withdrew to hold Jing Province. Yanbo repaired weapons and equipment, purchased and recruited fierce warriors, and again advanced west from Jing Province, setting camp seven li from the bandits' Pengkang Valley palisade. Ashamed of his earlier setback, Yanbo did not report to Baoyin, went out alone to attack the bandits, and routed them thoroughly. In a brief span he leveled several of their palisades. The bandits all fled, but seeing the soldiers plundering, scattered and in disarray, they returned to charge and the army suffered a great rout in flight. Yanbo was struck by a flying arrow and was killed by the bandits; more than ten thousand soldiers died.
32
延伯善將撫，能得眾心，與康生、大眼為諸將之冠，延伯末路功名尤重。 時大寇未平而延伯死，朝野歎懼焉。 贈使持節、車騎大將軍、儀同三司、定州剌史，諡曰武烈。
Yanbo was good at commanding and comforting troops and could win men's hearts. With Kangsheng and Dayan he stood at the head of all generals, and in his final years his fame and achievement were especially great. At the time the great bandit threat was not yet pacified when Yanbo died, and court and countryside sighed and feared. He was posthumously honored as Bearer of the Staff, Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry, Equal in Rank to the Three Ministers, and Governor of Ding Province; his posthumous name was Wulie (Fiercely Bold).
33
又有王足者，驍果多策略。 隸邢巒伐蜀，所在克捷。 詔行益州刺史。 遂圍涪城，蜀人大震。 世宗復以羊祉為益州，足聞而引退，後遂奔蕭衍。 次有王神念，足之流也。 後自潁川太守奔江南。
There was also Wang Zu, fierce and resourceful, skilled in strategy. Attached to Xing Luan's campaign in Shu, everywhere he achieved victory. An edict appointed him acting Governor of Yi Province. He then besieged Fucheng, and the people of Shu were greatly shaken. Emperor Xiaoming again appointed Yang Zhi as Governor of Yi Province. Zu heard this and withdrew, and later fled to Xiao Yan. Next there was Wang Shena—a man of Zu's kind. Later he fled from his post as Administrator of Yingchuan to the lands south of the Yangzi.
34
又冀州人李叔仁，叔仁弟龍瓌，以勇壯為將統。 叔仁位至車騎大將軍、儀同三司、陳郡開國公。 後為梁州刺史，歿於關西。 龍瓌，正光中北征，戰死白道。 其平州刺史王買奴、南秦州刺史曹敬、南兗州刺史樊魯、益州刺史邴虬、玄州刺史邢豹及屈祖、嚴思達、呂叵、崔襲、柴慶宗、宗正珍孫、盧祖遷、高智方，俱為將帥，並有攻討之名，而事迹不存，無以編錄。 然未若康生、大眼、延伯尤著也。
Also Li Shuren of Ji Province and Shuren's younger brother Longgui—these, by courage and strength, were commanders of armies. Shuren reached the rank of Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry, Equal in Rank to the Three Ministers, and Duke of Chen Commandery with founding noble status. Later he served as Governor of Liang Province and died in Guanxi. Longgui, in the northern campaign during Zhengguang, died in battle at Baidao. Among them were Governor of Ping Province Wang Mainu, Governor of Southern Qin Province Cao Jing, Governor of Southern Yan Province Fan Lu, Governor of Yi Province Bing Qiu, Governor of Xuan Province Xing Bao, as well as Qu Zu, Yan Sida, Lü Po, Cui Xi, Chai Qingzong, Zongzheng Zhensun, Lu Zuqian, and Gao Zhifang—all were commanders and generals with reputations for attack and suppression, but their deeds are not preserved and cannot be recorded. Yet none were as prominent as Kangsheng, Dayan, and Yanbo.
35
史臣曰：人主聞鞞鼓之響，則思將帥之臣。 何則？ 夷難平暴，折衝禦侮，為國之所繫也。 康生等俱以熊虎之姿，奮征伐之氣，亦一時之驍猛，壯士之功名也。
The historiographer says: When a ruler hears the beat of drums, he thinks of his generals and commanders. Why is this? To still calamity and pacify violence, to repulse the enemy and guard against insult—on these the state depends. Kangsheng and the others all possessed the bearing of tiger and bear and roused the spirit of campaigning and attack. They too were the fierce warriors of their age—men whose military fame was the work of bold champions.
36
校勘記
Collation notes
37
後衍復遣都督臨川王蕭宏冊府卷三五三 〈四一九二頁〉 「宏」作「密」。 按蕭宏，梁書卷二二有傳，本傳及同書卷二武帝紀天監五年記載這次戰事。 本書卷九八蕭衍傳稱之為「臨川王蕭密」，卷六五邢巒傳也有「蕭密餘軍，猶自在彼」的話。 當是魏書避元宏諱改「宏」為「密」，非字訛。 他處如卷八世宗紀正始三年四月條作「蕭容」，也是諱改，九月條作「蕭宏」，乃後人所改。 這裏舊本當作「蕭密」，但其人本名宏，今不回改。
Later Yan again sent the commander Prince of Linchuan Xiao Hong — Cefu yuangui juan 353 〈p. 4192〉 "Hong" is written as "Mi." Note: Xiao Hong has a biography in Liang shu juan 22; that biography and the Tianjian 5 entry in juan 2 of the same book (Emperor Wu's annals) record this campaign. This book's juan 98 biography of Xiao Yan calls him "Prince of Linchuan Xiao Mi," and juan 65 biography of Xing Luan also has the phrase "Xiao Mi's remaining army is still there." This must be the Wei shu taboo on Empress Dowager Hu's name Hong, changing "Hong" to "Mi"—not a scribal error. Elsewhere, as in juan 8 Annals of Emperor Shizong, the Zhengshi 3 fourth-month entry has "Xiao Rong," also a taboo substitution; the ninth-month entry has "Xiao Hong," a later alteration by a scribe. Here the old text should read "Xiao Mi," but since the man's original name was Hong, it is not reversed here.
38
又令殺之北史卷三七奚康生傳「又」作「叉」。 按作「又」像是盧同令殺之，語意不明，疑當作「叉」。
"Again ordered him killed" - in Beishi juan 37 biography of Xi Kangsheng, "the cited text" (again) is written "the cited text" (Cha). Note: reading "the cited text" (again) makes it seem that Lu Tong ordered the killing; the sense is unclear, and it is suspected the text should read "the cited text" (Yuan Cha).
39
衍又遣其舅張惠紹總率眾軍按卷九八蕭衍傳說「惠紹，衍舅子也」，不知是此脫或彼衍。 然梁書卷一一張弘策傳，弘策乃蕭衍從舅，范陽方城人。 同書卷一八張惠紹傳，義陽人，不言和蕭衍有親，且不載其父名位。 魏書以惠紹為蕭衍舅或舅子，實誤。
"Yan again sent his maternal uncle Zhang Huishao to command all armies" — note juan 98 biography of Xiao Yan says "Huishao was Yan's nephew by marriage"; it is unclear whether this is an omission here or an expansion there. Yet Liang shu juan 11 biography of Zhang Hongce records that Hongce was Xiao Yan's maternal uncle by marriage, a native of Fangcheng in Fanyang. The same book's juan 18 biography of Zhang Huishao, a native of Yiyang, does not say he was related to Xiao Yan and does not record his father's name or rank. The Wei shu is mistaken in calling Huishao Xiao Yan's uncle or nephew by marriage.