1
夫在天成象，聖人是觀，日月五星，象之著者，變常舛度，徵咎隨焉。 然則明晦暈蝕，疾餘犯守，飛流欻起，彗孛不恒，或皇靈降臨，示譴以戒下，或王化有虧，感達於天路。 易稱「天垂象，見吉凶」，「觀乎天文，以察時變」； 書曰「曆象日月星辰，敬授民時」。 是故有國有家者之所祗畏也。 百王興廢之驗，萬國禍福之來，兆勤雖微，罔不必至，著於前載，不可得而備舉也。 班史以日暈五星之屬列天文志，薄蝕彗孛之比入五行說。 七曜一也，而分為二志，故陸機云學者所疑也。 今以在天諸異咸入天象，其應徵符合，隨而條載，無所顯驗則闕之云。
Heaven sets signs in the sky, and the sage is the one who reads them; the sun, moon, and five planets are the clearest of those signs—when the usual order shifts and celestial measures go wrong, omens of calamity follow in their wake. Whether in brightness or dimness, halos or eclipses, swift planetary crossings or prolonged station-keeping, sudden meteors or unpredictable comets—sometimes the imperial spirit descends to warn the realm below, and sometimes defects in royal governance reach heaven's road. The Book of Changes says, "Heaven displays signs revealing fortune and misfortune," and "Look to the patterns of heaven to discern the changes of the times"; The Book of Documents says, "Mark out the sun, moon, stars, and constellations, and reverently give the people their seasons." This is why rulers of states and clans treat it with reverent awe. The rise and fall of dynasties and the fortune or ruin of nations—even the faintest omen is never empty; the former records are full of them, and no complete list could be given. Ban Gu's History put solar halos and the five planets in the Astronomical Treatise, but eclipses, comets, and similar phenomena in the discourse on the Five Phases. The seven luminaries are one class of phenomena, yet Ban split them across two treatises—hence Lu Ji's remark that scholars have long found this puzzling. Here all heavenly anomalies are gathered in this Celestial Phenomena treatise; when earthly events confirm the omen, they are recorded in sequence, and where no verification appears, the entry is left blank.
2
太祖天興五年八月，天鳴。
In the eighth month of Tianxing 5, during the reign of Emperor Daowu, the sky roared.
3
六年九月，天鳴。
In the ninth month of year 6, the sky roared again.
4
皇始二年十月壬辰，日暈，有佩璚。 占曰「兵起」。 天興元年九月，烏丸張超收合亡命，聚黨三千餘家，據勃海之南皮，自號征東大將軍、烏丸王，鈔掠諸郡。 詔將軍庾岳討之。
In the tenth month of Huangshi 2, on renchen day, a solar halo appeared with pendant ornaments. The omen reads: "War will break out." In the ninth month of Tianxing 1, the Wuhuan leader Zhang Chao rallied fugitives into a force of more than three thousand households, seized Nanpi in Bohai, proclaimed himself Grand General Who Conquers the East and King of the Wuhuan, and plundered the surrounding commanderies. The court ordered General Yu Yue to suppress him.
5
天興三年六月庚辰朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「外國侵，土地分」。 五年五月，姚興遣其弟義陽公平率眾四萬來侵平陽，乾壁為平所陷。
In the sixth month of Tianxing 3, on the gengchen new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "Foreign powers will invade and territory will be lost." In the fifth month of year 5, Yao Xing sent his brother Yao Ping, Prince of Yiyang, with forty thousand troops against Pingyang; Ganbi fell to Ping's forces.
6
六年四月癸巳朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「兵稍出」。 十月，太祖詔將軍伊謂率騎二萬北襲高車，大破之。
In the fourth month of year 6, on the guisi new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "Troops will soon take the field." In the tenth month, Emperor Daowu ordered General Yi Wei north with twenty thousand cavalry against the Gaoche and routed them utterly.
7
天賜五年七月戊戌朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「后死」。 六年七月，夫人劉氏薨，後諡為宣穆皇后。
In the seventh month of Tianci 5, on the wuxu new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "The empress will die." In the seventh month of year 6, Lady Liu died; she was later posthumously honored as Empress Xuanmu.
8
太宗神瑞二年八月庚辰晦，日有蝕之。
In the eighth month of Shenrui 2, during the reign of Emperor Mingyuan, on gengchen day, the last day of the month, the sun was eclipsed.
9
世祖始光四年六月癸卯朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「諸侯非其人」。 神䴥元年二月，司空奚斤、監軍侍御史安頡討赫連昌，擒之於安定。 其餘眾立昌弟定為主，走還平涼，斤追之，為定所擒。 將軍丘堆棄甲與守將高涼王禮東走蒲坂，世祖怒，斬堆。
In the sixth month of Shiguang 4, during the reign of Emperor Taiwu, on the guimao new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "The wrong men hold power among the feudatories." In the second month of Shenlu 1, Minister of Works Xi Jin and Supervising Army Attendant Censor An Qi campaigned against Helian Chang and took him prisoner at Anding. The survivors set up Chang's brother Ding as their leader and withdrew to Pingliang; Xi Jin pursued them but was captured by Ding. General Qiu Dui abandoned his armor and fled east to Puban with the garrison commander, Prince Li of Gaoliang; Emperor Taiwu was furious and had Dui executed.
10
神䴥元年十一月乙未朔，日有蝕之。
In the eleventh month of Shenlu 1, on the yiwei new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
11
太延元年正月己未朔，日有蝕之。
In the first month of Taiyan 1, on the jiwei new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
12
四年十一月丁卯朔，日有蝕之。
In the eleventh month of year 4, on the dingmao new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
13
太平真君元年四月戊午朔，日有蝕之。
In the fourth month of Taiping Zhenjun 1, on the wuwu new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
14
三年八月甲戌晦，日有蝕之。
In the eighth month of year 3, on jiaxu day, the last day of the month, the sun was eclipsed.
15
六年六月戊子朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「有九族夷滅」。 七年正月戊辰，世祖車駕次東雍州。 庚午，圍薛永宗營壘。 永宗出戰，大敗，六軍乘之，永宗眾潰，斬永宗，男女無少長皆赴汾水而死。
In the sixth month of year 6, on the wuzi new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "An entire clan will be wiped out." In the first month of year 7, on wuchen day, Emperor Taiwu's entourage encamped in Eastern Yong Province. On gengwu day he besieged Xue Yongzong's camp. Yongzong gave battle and was routed; the Six Armies pressed the attack, his forces broke, and he was beheaded; men and women of every age threw themselves into the Fen River and drowned.
16
七年六月癸未朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「不臣欲殺」。 八年三月，河西王沮渠牧犍謀反，伏誅。
In the sixth month of year 7, on the guiwei new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "A disloyal subject plots murder." In the third month of year 8, Juqu Mujian, King of Hexi, plotted rebellion and was put to death.
17
十年夏四月丙申朔，日有蝕之。
In the fourth month of summer in year 10, on the bingshen new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
18
六月庚寅朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「將相誅」。 十一年六月己亥，誅司徒崔浩。
In the sixth month, on the gengyin new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "Generals and ministers will be put to death." In the sixth month of year 11, on jihai day, Minister of Works Cui Hao was executed.
19
十一年十二月辛未，日南北有珥。
In the twelfth month of year 11, on xinwei day, mock suns appeared north and south of the disk.
20
高宗興安元年十一月己卯，日出赤如血。
In the eleventh month of Xing'an 1, during the reign of Emperor Wencheng, on jimao day, the sun rose blood-red.
21
二年三月，日暈。
In the third month of year 2, a solar halo appeared.
22
興光元年七月丙申朔，日有蝕之。
In the seventh month of Xingguang 1, on the bingshen new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
23
和平元年九月庚申朔，日有蝕之。
In the ninth month of Heping 1, on the gengshen new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
24
三年二月壬子朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「有白衣之會」。 六年五月癸卯，高宗崩。
In the second month of year 3, on the renzi new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "The court will don mourning white." In the fifth month of year 6, on guimao day, Emperor Wencheng died.
25
顯祖皇興元年十月己卯朔，日有蝕之。
In the tenth month of Huangxing 1, during the reign of Emperor Xianwen, on the jimao new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
26
二年四月丙子朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「將誅」。 四年十月，誅濟南王慕容白曜。
In the fourth month of year 2, on the bingzi new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "A general will be put to death." In the tenth month of year 4, Murong Baiyao, Prince of Jinan, was executed.
27
十月癸酉朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「尊后有憂」。 三年，夫人李氏薨，後諡思皇后。
In the tenth month, on the guiyou new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "The chief consort will suffer affliction." In year 3, Lady Li died; she was later posthumously honored as Empress Si.
28
三年十月丁酉朔，日有蝕之。
In the tenth month of year 3, on the dingyou new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
29
高祖延興元年十二月癸卯，日有蝕之。 [1]占曰「有兵」。 二年正月乙卯，統萬鎮胡民相率北叛，遣寧南將軍、交阯公韓拔等滅之。
In the twelfth month of Yanxing 1, during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen, on guimao day, the sun was eclipsed. [1] The omen reads: "War will break out." In the first month of year 2, on yimao day, the Hu people of Tongwan garrison rebelled en masse and fled north; General Who Pacifies the South, Duke of Jiaozhi Han Ba and others were dispatched to crush them.
30
三年十二月癸卯朔，日有蝕之。
In the twelfth month of year 3, on the guimao new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
31
四年正月癸酉朔，日有蝕之。 [2]占曰「有崩主，天下改服。 有大臣死」。 五年十二月己丑，征北大將軍城陽王壽薨。 六年六月辛未，顯祖崩。
In the first month of year 4, on the guiyou new moon, the sun was eclipsed. [2] The omen reads: "The sovereign will die and the realm will go into mourning. A great minister will die as well." In the twelfth month of year 5, on jichou day, Shou, Prince of Chengyang and Grand General Who Campaigns North, died. In the sixth month of year 6, on xinwei day, Emperor Xianwen died.
32
七月丙寅，日有背珥。
In the seventh month, on bingyin day, the sun showed a back halo with mock suns.
33
五年正月丁酉，白虹貫日，直珥一。
In the first month of year 5, on dingyou day, a white rainbow crossed the sun, with one straight mock sun.
34
承明元年三月辛卯，日暈五重，有二珥。
In the third month of Chengming 1, on xinmao day, a five-ring solar halo appeared with two mock suns.
35
太和元年冬十月辛亥朔，日有蝕之。
In the tenth month of winter in Taihe 1, on the xinhai new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
36
二年正月辛亥，日暈，東西有珥。
In the first month of year 2, on xinhai day, a solar halo appeared with mock suns east and west.
37
二月乙酉晦，日有蝕之。 [3]占曰「有欲反者，近三月，遠三年」。 四年正月癸卯，洮陽羌叛，枹罕鎮將討平之。
In the second month, on yiyou day, the last day of the month, the sun was eclipsed. [3] The omen reads: "Rebellion is brewing—within three months at the nearest, within three years at the farthest." In the first month of year 4, on guimao day, the Qiang of Taoyang rebelled; the commander of Baohan garrison suppressed them.
38
九月乙巳朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「東邦發兵」。 四年十月丁未，蘭陵民桓富殺其縣令，與昌慮桓和北連太山羣盜張和顏等，聚黨保五固，推司馬朗之為主，詔淮陽王尉元等討之。
In the ninth month, on the yisi new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "The eastern regions will mobilize troops." In the tenth month of year 4, on dingwei day, Huan Fu of Lanling killed his county magistrate; with Huan He of Changlu he joined the Mount Tai bandits Zhang He and Yan, rallied at Wugu, and set up Sima Langzhi as their leader; the court ordered Prince Wei Yuan of Huaiyang and others to suppress them.
39
三年春正月癸丑，日暈，東西有珥，有佩戟一重，北有偃戟四重，後有白氣貫日珥，狀如車輪。 京師不見，雍州以聞。
In the first month of spring in year 3, on guichou day, a solar halo appeared with mock suns east and west, one tier of pendant halberds, four tiers of reclining halberds to the north, and then white vapor crossing the mock suns in the shape of a carriage wheel. The capital did not see it; Yong Province reported the phenomenon.
40
三月癸卯朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「大臣誅」。 四月，雍州刺史宜都王目辰有罪，賜死。
In the third month, on the guimao new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "Great ministers will be put to death." In the fourth month, Muru Chen, Prince of Yidu and governor of Yong Province, was found guilty and ordered to take his own life.
41
四年正月辛酉，日東西有珥，北有佩，日暈貫兩珥。
In the first month of year 4, on xinyou day, mock suns appeared east and west, a pendant ornament to the north, and a halo crossing both mock suns.
42
五年正月庚辰，日暈，東西有珥； 南北並白氣，長一丈，廣二尺許； 北有連環暈。 又貫珥內，復有直氣，長三丈許，內黃，中青，外白。 暈乍成，散，乃滅。
In the first month of year 5, on gengchen day, a solar halo appeared with mock suns east and west; north and south showed white vapor one zhang long and about two chi wide; to the north there was a chain of halos. It pierced through the mock suns again, and a straight vapor about three zhang long appeared, yellow within, blue-green in the middle, and white without. The halo formed abruptly, then scattered and disappeared.
43
七月庚申朔，日有蝕之。
In the seventh month, on the gengshen new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
44
七年十二月乙巳朔，日有蝕之。
In the twelfth month of year 7, on the yisi new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
45
八年正月戊寅，有白氣貫日。 占曰「近臣亂」。 十年三月丁亥，中散梁眾保等謀反，伏誅。
In the first month of year 8, on wuyin day, white vapor crossed the sun. The omen reads: "Intimates at court will stir rebellion." In the third month of year 10, on dinghai day, Palace Attendant Liang Zhongbao and others plotted rebellion and were put to death.
46
十一年十一月丁亥，日失色。
In the eleventh month of year 11, on dinghai day, the sun dimmed.
47
十二年三月戊戌，白虹貫日。
In the third month of year 12, on wuxu day, a white rainbow crossed the sun.
48
十三年二月乙亥朔，日十五分蝕八。 占曰「有白衣之會」。 十一月己未，安豐王猛薨。
In the second month of year 13, on the yihai new moon, a partial eclipse covered eight fifteenths of the sun. The omen reads: "The court will don mourning white." In the eleventh month, on jiwei day, Meng, Prince of Anfeng, died.
49
十四年二月己巳朔未時，雲氣班駁，日十五分蝕一。 占曰「有白衣之會」。 九月癸丑，文明太皇太后馮氏崩。
In the second month of year 14, on the jisi new moon at the wei hour, mottled clouds gathered and a partial eclipse covered one fifteenth of the sun. The omen reads: "The court will don mourning white." In the ninth month, on guichou day, Grand Empress Dowager Feng, the Civilized and Illustrious, died.
50
十五年正月癸亥晦，日有蝕之。 占曰「王者將兵，天下擾動」。 十七年六月丙戌，高祖南伐。
In the first month of year 15, on guihai day, the last day of the month, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "The sovereign will take the field and the realm will be thrown into turmoil." In the sixth month of year 17, on bingxu day, Emperor Xiaowen launched his southern campaign.
51
十七年六月庚辰朔，日有蝕之。
In the sixth month of year 17, on the gengchen new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
52
十八年五月甲戌朔，日有蝕之。
In the fifth month of year 18, on the jiaxu new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
53
二十年九月庚寅晦，日有蝕之。
In the ninth month of year 20, on gengyin day, the last day of the month, the sun was eclipsed.
54
二十三年六月己卯，日中有黑氣。 占曰「內有逆謀」。 八月癸亥，南徐州刺史沈陵南叛。
In the sixth month of year 23, on jimao day, black vapor appeared within the sun. The omen reads: "Treason is brewing within the court." In the eighth month, on guihai day, Shen Ling, governor of Southern Xuzhou, defected to the south.
55
十二月甲申，日中有黑氣，大如桃。
In the twelfth month, on jiashen day, black vapor within the sun grew as large as a peach.
56
世宗景明元年正月辛丑朔，日有蝕之。
In the first month of Jingming 1, during the reign of Emperor Xuanwu, on the xinchou new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
57
七月己亥朔，日有蝕之。
In the seventh month, on the jihai new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
58
二年四月癸酉，日自午及未再暈，內黃外白。 七月癸巳朔，日有蝕之。
In the fourth month of year 2, on guiyou day, from the wu hour through the wei hour the sun showed a double halo, yellow within and white without. In the seventh month, on the guisi new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
59
八月戊辰，日赤無光，中有黑子一。
In the eighth month, on wuchen day, the sun turned red and dim, with a single black spot upon it.
60
三年正月乙巳，日中有黑氣如鵝子，申、酉復見； 又有二黑氣橫貫日。
In the first month of year 3, on yisi day, black vapor within the sun swelled like a goose egg; it reappeared at the shen and you hours; and two streaks of black vapor crossed the sun horizontally.
61
二月辛卯，日中有黑氣，大如鵝子。
In the second month, on xinmao day, black vapor within the sun grew as large as a goose egg.
62
七月丁巳朔，日有蝕之。
In the seventh month, on the dingsi new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
63
正始元年十二月丙戌，黑氣貫日。 壬子，日有冠珥，內黃外青。 占曰「天下喜」。 三年正月丁卯，皇子生，大赦天下。
In the twelfth month of Zhengshi 1, on bingxu day, black vapor crossed the sun. On renzi day, the sun showed a crown halo and mock suns, yellow within and blue-green without. The omen reads: "The realm will rejoice." In the first month of year 3, on dingmao day, a prince was born and a general amnesty was declared.
64
三年二月甲辰，日左右有珥，內赤外黃。 辛亥，日暈，外白內黃。
In the second month of year 3, on jiachen day, mock suns appeared to either side of the disk, red within and yellow without. On xinhai day, a solar halo appeared, white without and yellow within.
65
十月乙巳，日赤無光。
In the tenth month, on yisi day, the sun turned red and dim.
66
十二月乙卯，日暈，內黃外青，東西有珥，北有背。 巳時，白虹貫日。
In the twelfth month, on yimao day, a solar halo appeared, yellow within and blue-green without, with mock suns east and west and a back halo to the north. At the si hour, a white rainbow crossed the sun.
67
永平元年三月己酉，日南北有珥，外青內黃，暈不匝； 西北有直氣，長尺餘； 北有白虹貫日。
In the third month of Yongping 1, on jiyou day, mock suns appeared north and south, blue-green without and yellow within, and the halo did not complete its ring; to the northwest a straight vapor more than a chi long; to the north a white rainbow crossed the sun.
68
八月壬子朔，日有蝕之。
In the eighth month, on the renzi new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
69
二年八月丙午朔，日有蝕之。 丁卯旦，日旁有黑氣，形如月，從東南來衝日。 如此者一辰，乃滅。
In the eighth month of year 2, on the bingwu new moon, the sun was eclipsed. At dawn on dingmao day, black vapor beside the sun took the shape of the moon and rushed upon the sun from the southeast. It lasted one double-hour watch, then disappeared.
70
三年二月甲子，日中有黑氣二。
In the second month of year 3, on jiazi day, two black spots appeared within the sun.
71
十二月乙未，日交暈，中赤外黃，東西有珥，南北白暈貫日，皆匝。
In the twelfth month, on yiwei day, crossed halos appeared, red at center and yellow without, with mock suns east and west; white halos north and south crossed the sun in a full ring.
72
四年十一月癸卯，日中有黑氣二，大如桃。 占曰「天子崩」。 延昌四年正月丁巳，世宗昇遐。
In the eleventh month of year 4, on guimao day, two black spots within the sun grew as large as peaches. The omen reads: "The emperor will die." In the first month of Yanzhang 4, on dingsi day, Emperor Xuanwu passed away.
73
十二月壬戌朔，日有蝕之，在牛四度。 占曰「其國叛兵發」。 延昌二年二月庚辰，[4]蕭衍郁洲民徐玄明等斬送衍鎮北將軍、青冀二州刺史張稷首，以州內附。
In the twelfth month, on the renxu new moon, the sun was eclipsed at four degrees in the Ox asterism. The omen reads: "Rebel armies will rise in the realm." In the second month of Yanzhang 2, on gengchen day, [4] Xu Xuanming and others of Yuzhou under Liang emperor Xiao Yan beheaded Zhang Ji, Liang's General Who Guards the North and governor of Qing and Ji, and surrendered the province to Wei.
74
延昌元年二月甲戌至于辛巳，日初出及將沒，赤白無光明。
From jiaxu through xinsi in the second month of Yanzhang 1, at sunrise and sunset the sun showed red and white without brightness.
75
五月己未晦，日十五分蝕九。 占曰「大旱，民流千里」。 二年春，京師民饑，死者數萬口。
On jiwei day, the last day of the fifth month, a partial eclipse covered nine fifteenths of the sun. The omen reads: "Severe drought will drive the people to wander far from home." In the spring of year 2, famine struck the capital; tens of thousands perished.
76
二年閏月辛亥，日中有黑氣。 占曰「內有逆謀」。 三年十一月丁巳，幽州沙門劉僧紹聚眾反，自號淨居國明法王，州郡捕斬之。
In the intercalary month of year 2, on xinhai day, black vapor appeared within the sun. The omen reads: "Treason is brewing within the court." In the eleventh month of year 3, on dingsi day, the monk Liu Sengshao of You Province raised a rebellion, proclaimed himself Bright Dharma King of the Pure Dwelling Kingdom, and was captured and executed by local authorities.
77
五月甲寅朔，日有蝕之，京師不見，恒州以聞。
In the fifth month, on the jiayin new moon, the sun was eclipsed; the capital did not see it, and Heng Province reported the phenomenon.
78
三年三月庚申，日交暈，其色內赤黃，外青白； 南北有佩，可長二丈許，內赤黃，外青白； 西有白暈貫日。 又日東有一抱，長二丈許，內赤黃，外青。
In the third month of year 3, on gengshen day, crossed halos appeared, red-yellow within and blue-white without; north and south showed pendant ornaments about two zhang long, red-yellow within and blue-white without; to the west a white halo crossed the sun. East of the sun an embrace-shaped halo about two zhang long appeared, red-yellow within and blue without.
79
四月甲辰卯時，日暈帀； 西有一背，內赤外黃； 南北有珥，內赤外黃； 漸滅。
In the fourth month, on jiachen day at the mao hour, a full solar halo appeared; to the west a back halo, red within and yellow without; north and south showed mock suns, red within and yellow without; then it gradually faded away.
80
十二月己酉，日暈，北有一抱，內赤外白，兩傍有珥，北有白虹貫日。
In the twelfth month, on jiyou day, a solar halo appeared; to the north an embrace-shaped halo, red within and white without, with mock suns on both flanks and a white rainbow crossing the sun to the north.
81
神龜元年三月丁丑，白虹貫日。 占曰「天下有來臣之眾，不三年」。 十一月乙酉，[5]蠕蠕莫緣梁賀侯豆率男女七百口來降。
In the third month of Shengui 1, on dingchou day, a white rainbow crossed the sun. The omen reads: "Foreign peoples will come to submit within three years." In the eleventh month, on yiyou day, [5] Moyuanliang Hehoudou of the Rouran led seven hundred men, women, and children to surrender.
82
二年正月辛巳朔，日有蝕之。
In the first month of year 2, on the xinsi new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
83
正光元年正月乙亥朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「有大臣亡」。 七月丙子，殺太傅、領太尉、清河王懌。
In the first month of Zhengguang 1, on the yihai new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "A great minister will die." In the seventh month, on bingzi day, Yi, Prince of Qinghe, Grand Tutor and concurrent Grand Commandant, was put to death.
84
二年五月丁酉，日有蝕之，夏州以聞。
In the fifth month of year 2, on dingyou day, the sun was eclipsed; Xia Province reported the phenomenon.
85
三年正月甲寅，日交暈，內赤外青，有白虹貫暈； 外有直氣，長二丈許，內赤外青。
In the first month of year 3, on jiayin day, crossed halos appeared, red within and blue-green without, with a white rainbow crossing the halo; outside was straight vapor about two zhang long, red within and blue-green without.
86
五月壬辰朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「秦邦不臣」。 五年六月，秦州城人莫折大提據城反，自稱秦王。
In the fifth month, on the renchen new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "Qin will produce disloyal subjects." In the sixth month of year 5, Moqi Dati of Qinzhou seized the city in rebellion and proclaimed himself King of Qin.
87
十月己巳，太史奏自八月已來，黃埃掩日，日出三丈，色赤如赭，無光曜。
In the tenth month, on jisi day, the Grand Clerk reported that since the eighth month yellow dust had veiled the sun; when it rose three zhang high its color was ochre-red and without brightness.
88
十一月己丑朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「有小兵，在西北」。 四年二月己卯，蠕蠕主阿那瓌率眾犯塞。
In the eleventh month, on the jichou new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "Minor warfare will break out in the northwest." In the second month of year 4, on jimao day, the Rouran ruler Anagui led his forces across the frontier.
89
四年十一月癸未朔，日有蝕之。
In the eleventh month of year 4, on the guiwei new moon, the sun was eclipsed.
90
五年閏月乙酉，日暈，內赤外青； 南有珥，上有一抱兩背，內赤外青。
In the intercalary month of year 5, on yiyou day, a solar halo appeared, red within and blue-green without; to the south mock suns, above them one embrace and two back halos, red within and blue-green without.
91
十二月丙申，日暈，南北有珥，上有兩抱一背。
In the twelfth month, on bingshen day, a solar halo appeared with mock suns north and south and two embraces and one back halo above.
92
孝昌元年十二月丙戌，白虹刺日不過，虹中有一背。 占曰「有臣背其主」，一曰「有反城」。 三年九月己卯，[6]東豫州刺史元慶和據城南叛。
In the twelfth month of Xiaochang 1, on bingxu day, a white rainbow struck the sun without crossing it; within the rainbow was a back halo. The omen reads: "A minister will betray his sovereign," or alternatively, "A city will rebel." In the ninth month of year 3, on jimao day, [6] Yuan Qinghe, governor of Eastern Yuzhou, seized the city and defected southward.
93
三年十一月戊寅辰時，日暈，東面不合，其色內赤外黃； 東西有珥，內赤外黃； 西北去暈一尺餘，有一背，長二丈餘，廣三尺許，內赤外黃。
In the eleventh month of year 3, on wuyin day at the chen hour, a solar halo appeared; the eastern arc did not close, red within and yellow without; east and west showed mock suns, red within and yellow without; to the northwest, a little over a chi from the halo, a back halo more than two zhang long and about three chi wide, red within and yellow without.
94
莊帝永安二年三月甲戌未時，日暈三重，內黃赤，外青白，暈東西兩處不合，其狀如抱。
In the third month of Yong'an 2, during the reign of Emperor Zhuang, on jiaxu day at the wei hour, a triple solar halo appeared, yellow-red within and blue-white without; the ring failed to close in two places east and west, shaped like an embrace.
95
五月辛酉，日暈，東西兩處不合。 辛未申時，日南有珥； 去一尺餘有一背，長三丈許，廣五尺餘，內赤外青。
In the fifth month, on xinyou day, a solar halo appeared with gaps east and west where the ring did not close. On xinwei day at the shen hour, mock suns appeared south of the disk; a little over a chi away a back halo about three zhang long and more than five chi wide, red within and blue-green without.
96
七月丙寅，直東去日三尺許有一背，長二丈餘，內赤外青。 半食頃，從北頭漸滅至半，須臾還如初見，內赤外青，其色分炳。
In the seventh month, on bingyin day, due east about three chi from the sun a back halo more than two zhang long appeared, red within and blue-green without. Over the space of half a meal it faded from the northern end to the midpoint, then in a moment returned to its original form, red within and blue-green without, its colors sharply defined.
97
十月己酉朔，日從地下蝕出，十五分蝕七，虧從西南角起。 占曰「西夷欲殺，後有大兵，必西行」。 三年四月丁卯，雍州刺史尒朱天光討擒万俟醜奴、蕭寶夤於安定，送京師斬之。
In the tenth month, on the jiyou new moon, the eclipse rose from below the horizon; seven fifteenths of the sun were obscured, and the bite began at the southwest limb. The omen reads: "Western peoples will seek bloodshed; afterward great armies will march west." In the fourth month of year 3, on dingmao day, Erzhu Tianguang, governor of Yong Province, captured Moyechou Nu and Xiao Baoyin at Anding, sent them to the capital, and had them executed.
98
三年五月戊戌辰時，日暈帀，內赤外白，暈內有兩珥； 西有白虹貫日； 東北有一背，內赤外青； 南有一背，內赤外青； 東有一抱，內青外赤。 京師不見，青州表聞。 六月辛丑，日暈，白虹貫日。
In the fifth month of year 3, on wuxu day at the chen hour, a full solar halo appeared, red within and white without, with two mock suns inside the ring; to the west a white rainbow crossed the sun; to the northeast one back halo, red within and blue-green without; to the south one back halo, red within and blue-green without; to the east an embrace-shaped halo, blue-green within and red without. The capital did not see it; Qing Province reported the phenomenon. In the sixth month, on xinchou day, a solar halo appeared and a white rainbow crossed the sun.
99
前廢帝普泰元年三月丁亥，日月並赤赭色，天地溷濁。
In the third month of Putai 1, during the reign of the Former Deposed Emperor, on dinghai day, the sun and moon both turned ochre-red, and heaven and earth grew murky and dim.
100
六月己亥朔，日蝕從西南角起，雲陰不見，定相二州表聞。 占曰「主弱，小人持政」。 時尒朱世隆兄弟專擅威福。
In the sixth month, on the jihai new moon, the eclipse began at the southwest limb; clouds hid it from view, and Ding and Xiang Provinces reported the phenomenon. The omen reads: "The sovereign is weak and petty men hold power." At the time the Erzhu brothers Shilong and his kin monopolized power and patronage.
101
後廢帝中興二年二月辛丑辰時，日暈，東西不合，其色內赤外青； 南北有珥； 西北去暈一尺餘有一背，長二丈許，可廣三尺，內赤外青。
In the second month of Zhongxing 2, during the reign of the Later Deposed Emperor, on xinchou day at the chen hour, a solar halo appeared with gaps east and west where the ring did not close, red within and blue-green without; north and south showed mock suns; to the northwest, a little over a chi from the halo, a back halo about two zhang long and three chi wide, red within and blue-green without.
102
十一月，日暈再重； 上有背，長三丈餘，內青外赤。
In the eleventh month, a double solar halo appeared; above it a back halo more than three zhang long, blue-green within and red without.
103
出帝太昌元年五月，日暈再重； 上有兩背，一尺許。 癸丑午時，日南有珥； 去日一尺餘有一背，長三丈許，廣五尺，內赤外青。
In the fifth month of Taichang 1, during the reign of Emperor Xiaojing, a double solar halo appeared; above it two back halos about a chi long. On guichou day at the wu hour, mock suns appeared south of the disk; a little over a chi from the sun a back halo about three zhang long and five chi wide, red within and blue-green without.
104
十月辛酉朔，日從地下蝕出，虧從西南角起。 占曰「有兵大行」。 永熙二年正月甲午，齊獻武王自晉陽出討尒朱兆。 丁酉，大破之於赤洪嶺，兆遁走自殺。
In the tenth month, on the xinyou new moon, the eclipse rose from below the horizon, and the bite began at the southwest limb. The omen reads: "Armies will march on a great scale." In the first month of Yongxi 2, on jiawu day, Prince Xian of Qi marched from Jinyang to campaign against Erzhu Zhao. On dingyou day he routed them utterly at Red Flood Ridge; Zhao fled and took his own life.
105
永熙二年四月己未朔，日有蝕之，在丙，虧從正南起。 占曰「君陰謀」。 三年五月辛卯，出帝為斛斯椿等諸佞關構，猜於齊獻武王，託討蕭衍，盛暑徵發河南諸州之兵，天下怪惡之。 語在斛斯椿傳。
In the fourth month of Yongxi 2, on the jiwei new moon, the sun was eclipsed at bing; the bite began due south. The omen reads: "The sovereign plots in secret." In the fifth month of year 3, on xinmao day, Emperor Xiaojing, swayed by flatterers such as Husu Chun, grew suspicious of Prince Xian of Qi; under the pretext of campaigning against Xiao Yan he conscripted troops from the Henan commanderies in midsummer, and the realm regarded it with horror. The full account appears in the biography of Husu Chun.
106
三年四月癸丑，日有蝕之。 占曰「有亂殺天子者」。 七月丁未，出帝為斛斯椿等迫脅，遂出於長安。
In the fourth month of year 3, on guichou day, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "Rebellion will arise and the emperor will be slain." In the seventh month, on dingwei day, Emperor Xiaojing was forced by Husu Chun and his faction to flee to Chang'an.
107
二年二月己丑巳時，日暈帀，白虹貫日不徹。
In the second month of year 2, on jichou day at the si hour, a full solar halo appeared, and a white rainbow struck the sun without crossing it.
108
興和二年閏月丁丑朔，日有蝕之。 占曰「有小兵」。 七月癸巳，元寶炬廣豫二州行臺趙繼宗、南青州刺史崔康寇陽翟，鎮將擊走之。
In the intercalary month of Xinghe 2, on the dingchou new moon, the sun was eclipsed. The omen reads: "Minor warfare will break out." In the seventh month, on guisi day, Zhao Jizong of the Guang-Yu provisional headquarters under Yuan Baoju and Cui Kang, governor of Southern Qing Province, raided Yangdi; the garrison commander drove them off.
109
武定三年冬十一月壬申，日暈兩重，東南角不合； 西南、東北有珥； 西北有兩重背； 東北、西北有白氣，并有兩珥； 中間有一白氣，東西撗至珥。
In the eleventh month of winter in Wuding 3, on renshen day, a double solar halo appeared with a gap in the southeast where the ring did not close; southwest and northeast showed mock suns; to the northwest two back halos; northeast and northwest showed white vapor, with two mock suns as well; between them a streak of white vapor ran east and west to the mock suns.
110
十二月乙酉，竟天微有白雲，日暈，東南角不合； 西南、東北有珥； 西北有一背，去日一尺。
In the twelfth month, on yiyou day, faint white clouds covered the sky; a solar halo appeared with a gap in the southeast; southwest and northeast showed mock suns; to the northwest one back halo a chi from the sun.
111
三月辛丑，日暈帀，西北交暈貫日，并有一珥一抱。
In the third month, on xinchou day, a full solar halo appeared; crossed halos in the northwest crossed the sun, with one mock sun and one embrace-shaped halo as well.
112
六年七月庚寅朔，日有蝕之，虧從西北角起。
In the sixth month of year 6, on the gengyin new moon, the sun was eclipsed, and the bite began at the northwest limb.
113
校勘記
Collation Notes
114
高祖延興元年十二月癸卯日有蝕之按是年十二月乙酋朔，癸卯是十九日，不應有日蝕。
The entry "In the twelfth month of Yanxing 1, on guimao day, the sun was eclipsed" is erroneous: that year's twelfth month began on yiyou, and guimao is the nineteenth day—no eclipse should occur then.
115
三年十二月癸卯朔日有蝕之四年正月癸酋朔日有蝕之按無連續兩月日蝕之理，必有誤。
The entries for a guimao-new-moon eclipse in the twelfth month of year 3 and a yiyou-new-moon eclipse in the first month of year 4 cannot both be right—two eclipses in consecutive months is impossible, and the text must be corrupt.
116
二月乙酋晦日有蝕之按太和二年二月己卯朔，乙酋乃七日，晦日值丁未。 必有誤。
The entry "In the second month, on the last day yiyou, the sun was eclipsed" is wrong: in Taihe 2 the second month began on jimao, yiyou is only the seventh day, and the month's last day should be dingwei. The text must be corrupt.
117
延昌二年二月庚辰諸本「二月」作「正月」。 按卷八世宗紀，事在是年二月庚辰。 是年正月丙戊朔，無庚辰，二月丙辰朔，庚辰乃二十五日。 這裏「正月」乃「二月」之訛。 今據紀改。
For Yanzhang 2, second month, gengchen: all editions read "first month" instead of "second month." Fascicle 8, Basic Annals of Emperor Xuanwu, places the event on gengchen in the second month of that year. That year the first month began on bingxu, so there is no gengchen in the first month; the second month began on bingchen, and gengchen is the twenty-fifth day. Here "first month" is a scribal error for "second month." The text is corrected here according to the annals.
118
十一月乙酉按卷九肅宗紀，事在神龜二年十一月乙酋。 這裏「十一月」上脫「二年」二字。
Eleventh month, yiyou: fascicle 9, Basic Annals of Emperor Xiaoming, places the event in the eleventh month of Shengui 2, on yiyou day. Here the words "second year" have dropped out before "eleventh month."
119
三年九月己卯諸本「三年」作「二年」。 按卷九肅宗紀，事在孝昌三年九月辛卯，梁書卷五武帝紀三，在梁大通元年 〈即魏孝昌三年〉 十月。 記月不同，當是各據奏報，至元慶和降梁，必在孝昌三年無疑。 這裏「二」字乃「三」之訛。 今據紀改。 是年九月有「己卯」，無「辛卯」，則是紀誤。
Third year, ninth month, jimao: all editions read "second year" instead of "third year." Fascicle 9, Basic Annals of Emperor Xiaoming, places the event in the ninth month of Xiaochang 3, on xinmao day; the Book of Liang, fascicle 5, Basic Annals of Emperor Wu 3, places it in Liang Datong 1 〈that is, Wei Xiaochang 3〉 the tenth month. The months differ because each source followed its own report; Yuan Qinghe's surrender to Liang certainly occurred in Xiaochang 3. Here "two" is a scribal error for "three." The text is corrected here according to the annals. That year's ninth month has a jimao day but no xinmao day, so the annals are wrong.