1
《五行傳》曰：「簡宗廟，不禱祠，廢祭祀，逆天時，則水不潤下。」 謂水失其性，百川逆溢，壞鄉邑，溺人民，而為災也。 又曰：「聽之不聰，是謂不謀。 厥咎急，厥罰常寒，厥極貧。 時則有鼓妖，時則有豕禍，時則有耳痾，時則有雷電、霜、雪、雨、雹、黑眚黑祥，惟火沴水。」 水不潤下貞觀三年秋，貝、譙、鄆、泗、沂、徐、豪、蘇、隴九州水。 水，太陰之氣也。 若臣道顓，女謁行，夷狄彊，小人道長，嚴刑以逞，下民不堪其憂，則陰類勝，其氣應而水至； 其謫見于天，月及辰星與列星之司水者為之變，若七曜循中道之北，皆水祥也。 四年秋，許、戴、集三州水。 七年八月，山東、河南州四十，大水。 八年七月，山東、江淮大水。 十年，關東及淮海旁州二十八，大水。 十一年七月癸未，黃氣際天，大雨，穀水溢，入洛陽宮，深四尺，壞左掖門，毀官寺十九； 洛水漂六百餘家。 九月丁亥，河溢，壞陝州之河北縣及太原倉，毀河陽中潬。 十六年秋，徐、戴二州大水。 十八年秋，穀、襄、豫、荊、徐、梓、忠、緜、宋、亳十州大水。 十九年秋，沁、易二州水，害稼。 二十一年八月，河北大水，泉州海溢，驩州水。 二十二年夏，瀘、越、徐、交、渝等州水。
The Treatise on the Five Elements states: "When rulers curtail the ancestral temples, neglect prayer and sacrifice, abandon the rites of worship, and defy the seasons, water ceases to flow downward as it should. This means that when water abandons its proper character, the hundred streams reverse and overflow, destroy villages and towns, drown the people, and bring disaster. It further says: "When hearing fails, that is called want of deliberation. The fault lies in rashness, the penalty in unending cold, and the extreme in destitution. Then come ominous drums; calamities involving swine; diseases of the ears; and thunder, frost, snow, rain, hail, black omens and black portents—and only fire can injure water." When water fails to moisten downward: In the autumn of the third year of Zhenguan (629), floods struck the nine provinces of Bei, Qiao, Yun, Si, Yi, Xu, Hao, Su, and Long. Water is the breath of greater yin. When ministerial conduct grows obstinate, palace women gain sway, foreign peoples grow strong, petty men prevail, harsh punishments are wielded without restraint, and the common people cannot endure their suffering, then yin forces dominate; their qi responds and water arrives; Its rebuke appears in the heavens: the moon, Mercury, and the stars that govern water all shift accordingly; when the seven luminaries track north of the central path, these are all portents of water. In the autumn of the fourth year of Zhenguan (630), floods struck the three prefectures of Xu, Dai, and Ji. In the eighth month of the seventh year of Zhenguan (633), forty prefectures in Shandong and Henan were struck by great floods. In the seventh month of the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), great floods struck Shandong and the Yangzi-Huai region. In the tenth year of Zhenguan (636), twenty-eight prefectures east of the Pass and along the Huai-Hai were inundated. On guimwei day in the seventh month of the eleventh year of Zhenguan (637), yellow vapor filled the sky; torrential rain fell; the Gu River overflowed into the Luoyang palace to a depth of four feet, destroying the Left Flank Gate and damaging nineteen government temples; the Luo River swept away more than six hundred households. On dinghai day in the ninth month, the Yellow River overflowed, destroying Hebei County in Shaan Prefecture and the Taiyuan granary and ruining the central embankment at Heyang. In the autumn of the sixteenth year of Zhenguan (642), great floods struck the prefectures of Xu and Dai. In the autumn of the eighteenth year of Zhenguan (644), great floods struck the ten prefectures of Gu, Xiang, Yu, Jing, Xu, Zi, Zhong, Mian, Song, and Bo. In the autumn of the nineteenth year of Zhenguan (645), floods in Qin and Yi prefectures damaged the harvest. In the eighth month of the twenty-first year of Zhenguan (647), Hebei suffered great floods; the sea overflowed at Quan Prefecture; and Huan Prefecture was flooded. In the summer of the twenty-second year of Zhenguan (648), floods struck Lu, Yue, Xu, Jiao, Yu, and other prefectures.
2
永徽元年六月，新豐、渭南大雨，零口山水暴出，漂廬舍； 宣、歙、饒、常等州大雨，水，溺死者數百人。 秋，齊、定等州十六，水。 二年秋，汴、定、濮、亳等州水。 四年，杭、夔、果、忠等州水。 五年五月丁丑夜，大雨，麟遊縣山水衝萬年宮玄武門，入寢殿，衞士有溺死者。 六月，河北大水，滹沱溢，損五千餘家。 六年六月，商州大水。 秋，冀、沂、密、兗、滑、汴、鄭、婺等州水，害稼； 洛州大水，毀天津橋。 十月，齊州河溢。
In the sixth month of the first year of Yonghui (650), torrential rain fell at Xinfeng and Weinan; mountain waters at Lingkou burst forth and swept away dwellings; torrential rain and floods in Xuan, She, Rao, Chang, and other prefectures drowned several hundred people. That autumn, sixteen prefectures including Qi and Ding were flooded. In the autumn of the second year of Yonghui (651), floods struck Bian, Ding, Pu, Bo, and other prefectures. In the fourth year of Yonghui (653), floods struck Hang, Kui, Guo, Zhong, and other prefectures. On the night of dingchou day in the fifth month of the fifth year of Yonghui (654), torrential rain sent mountain waters at Linyou County crashing through the Xuanwu Gate of Wannian Palace into the sleeping quarters; some guards drowned. In the sixth month, great floods struck Hebei; the Hutuo River overflowed and damaged more than five thousand households. In the sixth month of the sixth year of Yonghui (655), Shang Prefecture suffered a great flood. That autumn, floods in Ji, Yi, Mi, Yan, Hua, Bian, Zheng, Wu, and other prefectures damaged the harvest; a great flood at Luo Prefecture destroyed the Tianjin Bridge. In the tenth month, the river at Qi Prefecture overflowed.
3
顯慶元年七月，宣州涇縣山水暴出，平地四丈，溺死者二千餘人。 九月，括州暴風雨，海水溢，壞安固、永嘉二縣。 四年七月，連州山水暴出，漂七百餘家。
In the seventh month of the first year of Xianqing (656), mountain waters burst forth at Jing County in Xuan Prefecture, reaching four zhang on level ground; more than two thousand people drowned. In the ninth month, a violent storm at Kuo Prefecture sent the sea overflowing and destroyed Angu and Yongjia counties. In the seventh month of the fourth year of Xianqing (659), mountain waters burst forth at Lian Prefecture and swept away more than seven hundred households.
4
麟德二年六月，鄜州大水，壞居人廬舍。
In the sixth month of the second year of Linde (665), a great flood at Fu Prefecture destroyed residents' dwellings.
5
總章二年六月，括州大風雨，海溢，壞永嘉、安固二縣，溺死者九千七十人； 冀州大雨，水平地深一丈，壞民居萬家。
In the sixth month of the second year of Zongzhang (669), a violent storm at Kuo Prefecture sent the sea overflowing and destroyed Yongjia and Angu counties; nine thousand seventy people drowned; torrential rain at Ji Prefecture left level ground one zhang deep in water and destroyed ten thousand households.
6
咸亨元年五月丙戌，大雨，山水溢，溺死五千餘人。 二年八月，徐州山水漂百餘家。 四年七月，婺州大雨，山水暴漲，溺死五千餘人。
On bingxu day in the fifth month of the first year of Xianheng (670), torrential rain sent mountain waters overflowing and drowned more than five thousand people. In the eighth month of the second year of Xianheng (671), mountain waters at Xu Prefecture swept away more than a hundred households. In the seventh month of the fourth year of Xianheng (673), torrential rain at Wu Prefecture sent mountain waters surging violently and drowned more than five thousand people.
7
上元三年八月，青州大風，海溢，漂居人五千餘家； 齊、淄等七州大水。
In the eighth month of the third year of Shangyuan (676), a great gale at Qing Prefecture sent the sea overflowing and swept away more than five thousand households; great floods struck the seven prefectures of Qi, Zi, and others.
8
永隆元年九月，河南、河北大水，溺死者甚眾。 二年八月，河南、河北大水，壞民居十萬餘家。
In the ninth month of the first year of Yonglong (680), great floods in Henan and Hebei drowned a great many people. In the eighth month of the second year of Yonglong (681), great floods in Henan and Hebei destroyed more than a hundred thousand households.
9
永淳元年五月丙午，東都連日澍雨； 乙卯，洛水溢，壞天津橋及中橋，漂居民千餘家。 六月乙亥，京師大雨，水平地深數尺。 秋，山東大雨，水，大饑。 二年七月己巳，河溢，壞河陽橋。 八月，恆州滹沱河及山水暴溢，害稼。
On bingwu day in the fifth month of the first year of Yongchun (682), the Eastern Capital endured days of soaking rain; on yimao day the Luo River overflowed, destroying the Tianjin and Central bridges and sweeping away more than a thousand households. On yihai day in the sixth month, torrential rain in the capital left level ground several chi deep in water. That autumn, torrential rain and floods in Shandong brought severe famine. On jisi day in the seventh month of the second year of Yongchun (683), the Yellow River overflowed and destroyed the Heyang Bridge. In the eighth month, the Hutuo River and mountain waters at Heng Prefecture burst forth violently and damaged the harvest.
10
文明元年七月，溫州大水，漂千餘家； 括州溪水暴漲，溺死百餘人。
In the seventh month of the first year of Wenming (684), a great flood at Wen Prefecture swept away more than a thousand households; at Kuo Prefecture stream waters surged violently and drowned more than a hundred people.
11
如意元年四月，洛水溢，壞永昌橋，漂居民四百餘家。 七月，洛水溢，漂居民五千餘家。 八月，河溢，壞河陽縣。
In the fourth month of the first year of Ruyi (692), the Luo River overflowed, destroying the Yongchang Bridge and sweeping away more than four hundred households. In the seventh month, the Luo River overflowed and swept away more than five thousand households. In the eighth month, the Yellow River overflowed and destroyed Heyang County.
12
長壽二年五月，棣州河溢，壞居民二千餘家。 是歲，河南州十一，水。
In the fifth month of the second year of Changshou (693), the river at Di Prefecture overflowed and destroyed more than two thousand households. That year, eleven prefectures in Henan were flooded.
13
萬歲通天元年八月，徐州大水，害稼。
In the eighth month of the first year of Wansui Tongtian (696), a great flood at Xu Prefecture damaged the harvest.
14
神功元年三月，括州水，壞民居七百餘家。 是歲，河南州十九，水。
In the third month of the first year of Shengong (697), floods at Kuo Prefecture destroyed more than seven hundred households. That year, nineteen prefectures in Henan were flooded.
15
聖曆二年七月丙辰，神都大雨，洛水壞天津橋。 秋，河溢懷州，漂千餘家。 三年三月辛亥，鴻州水，漂千餘家，溺死四百餘人。
On bingchen day in the seventh month of the second year of Shengli (699), torrential rain in the Divine Capital sent the Luo River destroying the Tianjin Bridge. That autumn, the Yellow River overflowed at Huai Prefecture and swept away more than a thousand households. On xinhai day in the third month of the third year of Shengli (700), floods at Hong Prefecture swept away more than a thousand households and drowned more than four hundred people.
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久視元年十月，洛州水。
In the tenth month of the first year of Jiushi (700), Luo Prefecture was flooded.
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長安三年六月，寧州大雨，水，漂二千餘家，溺死千餘人。 四年八月，瀛州水，壞民居數千家。
In the sixth month of the third year of Chang'an (703), torrential rain and floods at Ning Prefecture swept away more than two thousand households and drowned more than a thousand people. In the eighth month of the fourth year of Chang'an (704), floods at Ying Prefecture destroyed several thousand households.
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神龍元年四月，雍州同官縣大雨，水，漂居民五百餘家。 六月，河北州十七，大水。 七月甲辰，洛水溢，壞民居二千餘家。 二年四月辛丑，洛水壞天津橋，溺死數百人。 八月，魏州水。
In the fourth month of the first year of Shenlong (705), torrential rain and floods at Tongguan County in Yong Prefecture swept away more than five hundred households. In the sixth month, seventeen prefectures in Hebei were struck by great floods. On jiachen day in the seventh month, the Luo River overflowed and destroyed more than two thousand households. On xinchou day in the fourth month of the second year of Shenlong (706), the Luo River destroyed the Tianjin Bridge and drowned several hundred people. In the eighth month, Wei Prefecture was flooded.
19
景龍三年七月，澧水溢，害稼。 九月，密州水，壞民居數百家。
In the seventh month of the third year of Jinglong (709), the Li River overflowed and damaged the harvest. In the ninth month, floods at Mi Prefecture destroyed several hundred households.
20
開元三年，河南、河北水。 四年七月丁酉，洛水溢，沈舟數百艘。 五年六月甲申，瀍水溢，溺死者千餘人； 鞏縣大水，壞城邑，損居民數百家； 河南水，害稼。 八年夏，契丹寇營州，發關中卒援之，宿澠池之缺門，營穀水上，夜半，山水暴至，萬餘人皆溺死。 六月庚寅夜，穀、洛溢，入西上陽宮，宮人死者十七八，畿內諸縣田稼廬舍蕩盡，掌閑衞兵溺死千餘人，京師興道坊一夕陷為池，居民五百餘家皆沒不見。 是年，鄧州三鴉口大水塞谷，或見二小兒以水相沃，須臾，有蛇大十圍，張口仰天，人或斫射之，俄而暴雷雨，漂溺數百家。 十年五月辛酉，伊水溢，毀東都城東南隅，平地深六尺； 河南許、仙、豫、陳、汝、唐、鄧等州大水，害稼，漂沒民居，溺死者甚眾。 六月，博州、棣州河決。 十二年六月，豫州大水。 八月，兗州大水。 十四年秋，天下州五十，水，河南、河北尤甚，河及支川皆溢，懷、衞、鄭、滑、汴、濮人或巢或舟以居，死者千計； 潤州大風自東北，海濤沒瓜步。 十五年五月，晉州大水。 七月，鄧州大水，溺死數千人； 洛水溢，入鄜城，平地丈餘，死者無算，壞同州城市及馮翊縣，漂居民二千餘家。 八月，澗、穀溢，毀澠池縣。 是秋，天下州六十三，大水，害稼及居人廬舍，河北尤甚。 十七年八月丙寅，越州大水，壞州縣城。 十八年六月壬午，東都瀍水溺揚、楚等州租船，洛水壞天津、永濟二橋及民居千餘家。 十九年秋，河南水，害稼。 二十年秋，宋、滑、兗、鄆等州大水。 二十二年秋，關輔、河南州十餘，水，害稼。 二十七年三月，澧、袁、江等州水。 二十八年十月，河南郡十三，水。 二十九年七月，伊、洛及支川皆溢，害稼，毀天津橋及東西漕、上陽宮仗舍，溺死千餘人。 是秋，河南、河北郡二十四，水，害稼。
In the third year of Kaiyuan (715), Henan and Hebei were flooded. On dingyou day in the seventh month of the fourth year of Kaiyuan (716), the Luo River overflowed and sank several hundred boats. On jiashen day in the sixth month of the fifth year of Kaiyuan (717), the Chan River overflowed and drowned more than a thousand people; a great flood at Gong County destroyed the walled town and damaged several hundred households; floods in Henan damaged the harvest. In the summer of the eighth year of Kaiyuan (720), the Khitan raided Ying Prefecture; Guanzhong troops were sent to relieve it and encamped at Que Gate in Mianchi on the Gu River; at midnight mountain waters burst forth and drowned more than ten thousand men. On the night of gengyin day in the sixth month, the Gu and Luo rivers overflowed into the Western Shangyang Palace; seven or eight out of ten palace women perished; throughout the capital districts fields, crops, and dwellings were utterly destroyed; more than a thousand Palm Garden guards drowned; in the capital the Xingdao ward sank overnight into a pool, and more than five hundred households vanished without trace. That year, at Sanya Pass in Deng Prefecture a great flood blocked the valley; some reported seeing two small boys splashing water on each other; presently a serpent ten arm-spans thick appeared with its mouth open to the sky; people hacked and shot at it; soon a violent thunderstorm came and swept away and drowned several hundred households. On xinyou day in the fifth month of the tenth year of Kaiyuan (722), the Yi River overflowed and destroyed the southeastern corner of the Eastern Capital, leaving level ground six chi deep in water; great floods in Xu, Xian, Yu, Chen, Ru, Tang, Deng, and other prefectures in Henan damaged the harvest, swept away dwellings, and drowned a great many people. In the sixth month, the rivers at Bo and Di prefectures burst their banks. In the sixth month of the twelfth year of Kaiyuan (724), Yu Prefecture suffered a great flood. In the eighth month, Yan Prefecture suffered a great flood. In the autumn of the fourteenth year of Kaiyuan (726), fifty prefectures throughout the realm were flooded; Henan and Hebei were hardest hit; the Yellow River and all its branches overflowed; in Huai, Wei, Zheng, Hua, Bian, and Pu people dwelt in nests or boats; deaths numbered in the thousands; At Run Prefecture a great gale from the northeast sent sea waves submerging Guabu. In the fifth month of the fifteenth year of Kaiyuan (727), Jin Prefecture suffered a great flood. In the seventh month, a great flood at Deng Prefecture drowned several thousand people; the Luo River overflowed into Fucheng to more than one zhang on level ground; the dead were beyond counting; it destroyed the walled city of Tong Prefecture and Fengyi County and swept away more than two thousand households. In the eighth month, the Jian and Gu rivers overflowed and destroyed Mianchi County. That autumn, sixty-three prefectures throughout the realm suffered great floods, damaging harvests and dwellings; Hebei was hardest hit. On bingyin day in the eighth month of the seventeenth year of Kaiyuan (729), a great flood at Yue Prefecture destroyed the prefectural and county seats. On renwu day in the sixth month of the eighteenth year of Kaiyuan (730), at the Eastern Capital the Chan River drowned the grain-tax boats of Yang, Chu, and other prefectures; the Luo River destroyed the Tianjin and Yongji bridges and more than a thousand households. In the autumn of the nineteenth year of Kaiyuan (731), floods in Henan damaged the harvest. In the autumn of the twentieth year of Kaiyuan (732), great floods struck Song, Hua, Yan, Yun, and other prefectures. In the autumn of the twenty-second year of Kaiyuan (734), more than ten prefectures in Guanfu and Henan were flooded and the harvest was damaged. In the third month of the twenty-seventh year of Kaiyuan (739), Li, Yuan, Jiang, and other prefectures were flooded. In the tenth month of the twenty-eighth year of Kaiyuan (740), thirteen commanderies of Henan were flooded. In the seventh month of the twenty-ninth year of Kaiyuan (741), the Yi, Luo, and tributary streams all overflowed and damaged the harvest; they destroyed the Tianjin Bridge and the eastern and western grain-transport canals and the guard quarters of Shangyang Palace, and more than a thousand people drowned. That autumn, twenty-four commanderies of Henan and Hebei were flooded and the harvest was damaged.
21
天寶四載|745年九月，河南、淮陽、睢陽、譙四郡水。 十載，廣陵大風駕海潮，沈江口船數千艘。 十三載九月，東都瀍、洛溢，壞十九坊。
In the ninth month of the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Henan, Huaiyang, Suiyang, and Qiao commanderies were flooded. In the tenth year of Tianbao (751), a great wind at Guangling drove the sea tide and sank several thousand ships at the river mouth. In the ninth month of the thirteenth year of Tianbao (754), at the Eastern Capital the Chan and Luo rivers overflowed and destroyed nineteen wards.
22
廣德元年九月，大雨，水平地數尺，時吐蕃寇京畿，以水自潰去。 二年五月，東都大雨，洛水溢，漂二十餘坊； 河南諸州水。
In the ninth month of the first year of Guangde (763), heavy rain left several chi of water on level ground; at the time Tibetans were raiding the capital region and broke up on their own because of the flood. In the fifth month of the second year of Guangde (764), heavy rain at the Eastern Capital; the Luo River overflowed and swept away more than twenty wards; floods struck the prefectures of Henan.
23
大曆元年七月，洛水溢。 二年秋，湖南及河東、河南、淮南、浙東西、福建等道州五十五水災。 七年二月，江州江溢。 十年七月，杭州海溢。 十一年七月戊子，夜澍雨，京師平地水尺餘，溝渠漲溢，壞民居千餘家。 十二年秋，京畿及宋、亳、滑三州大雨水，害稼，河南尤甚，平地深五尺，河溢。
In the seventh month of the first year of Dali (766), the Luo River overflowed. In the autumn of the second year of Dali (767), fifty-five prefectures in Hunan and the circuits of Hedong, Henan, Huainan, eastern and western Zhe, Fujian, and elsewhere suffered flood disasters. In the second month of the seventh year of Dali (772), the river at Jiang Prefecture overflowed. In the seventh month of the tenth year of Dali (775), the sea overflowed at Hang Prefecture. On wuzi day in the seventh month of the eleventh year of Dali (776), torrential rain at night left more than a chi of water on level ground at the capital; ditches and canals surged and overflowed and destroyed more than a thousand households. In the autumn of the twelfth year of Dali (777), the capital region and Song, Bo, and Hua prefectures suffered great rain and flooding that damaged the harvest; Henan was hardest hit, with five chi on level ground, and the river overflowed.
24
建中元年，幽、鎮、魏、博大雨，易水、滹沱橫流，自山而下，轉石折樹，水高丈餘，苗稼蕩盡。
In the first year of Jianzhong (780), heavy rain in You, Zhen, Wei, and Bo sent the Yi River and Hutuo flowing crosswise down from the mountains, turning stones and breaking trees; the water stood more than one zhang high and seedlings and crops were entirely swept away.
25
貞元二年六月丁酉，大風雨，京城通衢水深數尺，有溺死者。 東都、河南、荊南、淮南江河溢。 三年三月，東都、河南、江陵、汴揚等州大水。 四年八月，灞水暴溢，殺百餘人。 八年秋，自江淮及荊、襄、陳、宋至于河朔州四十餘，大水，害稼，溺死二萬餘人，漂沒城郭廬舍，幽州平地水深二丈，徐、鄭、涿、薊、檀、平等州，皆深丈餘。 八年六月，淮水溢，平地七尺，沒泗州城。 十一年十月，朗、蜀二州江溢。 十二年四月，福、建二州大水，嵐州暴雨，水深二丈。 十三年七月，淮水溢于亳州。 十八年春，申、光、蔡等州大水。
On dingyou day in the sixth month of the second year of Zhenyuan (786), great wind and rain left several chi of water in the capital thoroughfares, and some people drowned. At the Eastern Capital and in Henan, Jingnan, and Huainan, rivers overflowed. In the third month of the third year of Zhenyuan (787), great floods struck the Eastern Capital, Henan, Jiangling, Bian-Yang, and other prefectures. In the eighth month of the fourth year of Zhenyuan (788), the Ba River suddenly overflowed and killed more than a hundred people. In the autumn of the eighth year of Zhenyuan (792), more than forty prefectures from the Jiang-Huai region and Jing, Xiang, Chen, and Song north to Hebei suffered great floods that damaged the harvest; more than twenty thousand people drowned; walled cities and dwellings were swept away; at You Prefecture water on level ground stood two zhang; Xu, Zheng, Zhuo, Ji, Tan, Ping, and other prefectures were all more than one zhang deep. In the sixth month of the eighth year of Zhenyuan (792), the Huai River overflowed to seven chi on level ground and submerged the walled city of Si Prefecture. In the tenth month of the eleventh year of Zhenyuan (795), rivers at Lang and Shu prefectures overflowed. In the fourth month of the twelfth year of Zhenyuan (796), great floods struck Fu and Jian prefectures; at Lan Prefecture torrential rain left water two zhang deep. In the seventh month of the thirteenth year of Zhenyuan (797), the Huai River overflowed into Bo Prefecture. In the spring of the eighteenth year of Zhenyuan (802), Shen, Guang, Cai, and other prefectures suffered great floods.
26
永貞元年夏，朗州之熊、武五溪溢。 秋，武陵、龍陽二縣江水溢，漂萬餘家。 京畿長安等九縣山水害稼。
In the summer of the first year of Yongzhen (805), the five streams of Xiong and Wu in Lang Prefecture overflowed. In the autumn, rivers at Wuling and Longyang counties overflowed and swept away more than ten thousand households. Mountain floods in nine counties of the capital region including Chang'an damaged the harvest.
27
元和元年夏，荊南及壽、幽、徐等州大水。 二年六月，蔡州大雨，水平地深數尺。 四年十月丁未，渭南暴水，漂民居二百餘家。 六年七月，鄜坊、黔中水。 七年正月，振武河溢，毀東受降城； 五月，饒、撫、虔、吉、信五州暴水，虔州尤甚，平地有深至四丈者。 八年五月，陳州、許州大雨，大隗山摧，水流出，溺死者千餘人。 六月庚寅，大風，毀屋揚瓦，人多壓死； 京師大水，城南深丈餘，入明德門，猶漸車輻。 辛卯，渭水漲，絕濟。 時所在百川發溢，多不由故道。 滄州水潦，浸鹽山等四縣。 九年秋，淮南及岳、安、宣、江、撫、袁等州大水，害稼。 十一年五月，京畿大雨水，昭應尤甚； 衢州山水害稼，深三丈，毀州郭，溺死百餘人。 六月，密州大風雨，海溢，毀城郭； 饒州浮梁、樂平二縣暴雨，水，漂沒四千餘戶； 潤、常、潮、陳、許五州及京畿水，害稼。 八月甲午，渭水溢，毀中橋。 十二年六月乙酉，京師大雨，水，含元殿一柱傾，市中水深三尺，毀民居二千餘家； 河南、河北大水，洺、邢尤甚，平地二丈； 河中、江陵、幽澤潞晉隰蘇台越州水，害稼。 十三年六月辛未，淮水溢。 十五年秋，洪、吉、信、滄等州水。
In the summer of the first year of Yuanhe (806), Jingnan and Shou, You, Xu, and other prefectures suffered great floods. In the sixth month of the second year of Yuanhe (807), heavy rain at Cai Prefecture left several chi of water on level ground. On dingwei day in the tenth month of the fourth year of Yuanhe (809), a sudden flood at Weinan swept away more than two hundred households. In the seventh month of the sixth year of Yuanhe (811), floods struck Zhenfang and Qianzhong. In the first month of the seventh year of Yuanhe (812), the Zhenwu River overflowed and destroyed the Eastern Surrender City; In the fifth month, sudden floods struck Rao, Fu, Qian, Ji, and Xin prefectures; Qian Prefecture especially saw level ground in places as deep as four zhang. In the fifth month of the eighth year of Yuanhe (813), heavy rain at Chen and Xu prefectures collapsed Mount Da Wei; water poured out and more than a thousand people drowned. On gengyin day in the sixth month, a great wind destroyed houses and blew off roof tiles; many people were crushed to death; a great flood at the capital left more than one zhang south of the city; water entered the Mingde Gate and still came up to the wheel hubs. On xinmao day the Wei River rose and ferry service was cut off. At the time streams everywhere burst forth and overflowed, many not following their old channels. Floods at Cang Prefecture inundated four counties including Yanshan. In the autumn of the ninth year of Yuanhe (814), great floods in Huainan and Yue, An, Xuan, Jiang, Fu, Yuan, and other prefectures damaged the harvest. In the fifth month of the eleventh year of Yuanhe (816), heavy rain in the capital region; Zhaoying was especially hard hit; mountain floods at Qu Prefecture damaged the harvest to a depth of three zhang, destroyed the prefectural seat, and drowned more than a hundred people. In the sixth month, great wind and rain at Mi Prefecture sent the sea overflowing and destroyed the walled city; at Rao Prefecture, torrential rain in Fuliang and Leping counties brought floods that swept away more than four thousand households; Run, Chang, Chao, Chen, and Xu prefectures and the capital region were flooded and the harvest was damaged. On jiawu day in the eighth month of the twelfth year of Yuanhe (817), the Wei River overflowed and destroyed the Central Bridge. On yiyou day in the sixth month of the twelfth year of Yuanhe (817), heavy rain at the capital flooded; one pillar of Hanyuan Hall tilted; water in the market stood three chi deep and destroyed more than two thousand households; great floods in Henan and Hebei; Ming and Xing were hardest hit, with two zhang on level ground; floods struck Hezhong, Jiangling, You, Ze, Lu, Jin, Xi, Su, Tai, and Yue prefectures and damaged the harvest. In the sixth month of the thirteenth year of Yuanhe (818), on xinwei day, the Huai River overflowed its banks. In the autumn of the fifteenth year of Yuanhe (820), floods struck Hong, Ji, Xin, and Cang prefectures.
28
長慶二年七月，河南陳、許、蔡等州大水； 好畤山水漂民居三百餘家； 處州大雨，水，平地深八尺，壞城邑、桑田太半。 四年夏，蘇、湖二州大雨，水，太湖決溢； 睦州及壽州之霍山山水暴出； 鄆、曹、濮三州雨，水壞州城、民居、田稼略盡； 襄、均、復、郢四州漢水溢決。 秋，河南及陳、許二州水，害稼。
In the seventh month of the second year of Changqing (822), Chen, Xu, Cai, and other Henan prefectures were inundated; at Haozhi, flash floods swept away more than three hundred households; At Chu Prefecture torrential rain sent floodwaters eight chi deep across the flats, destroying more than half the walled towns and mulberry plantations. In the summer of the fourth year of Changqing (824), Su and Hu prefectures were deluged, and Lake Tai burst its banks; flash floods erupted in Mu Prefecture and at Huoshan in Shou Prefecture; Yun, Cao, and Pu prefectures were soaked by rain until floodwaters all but destroyed their city walls, homes, and crops; and the Han River overflowed and broke its banks at Xiang, Jun, Fu, and Ying prefectures. That autumn floods struck Henan and Chen and Xu prefectures and damaged the harvest.
29
寶曆元年秋，鄜、坊二州暴水； 兗、海、華三州及京畿奉天等六縣水，害稼。
In the autumn of the first year of Baoli (825), Fu and Fang prefectures were struck by flash floods; Yan, Hai, and Hua prefectures and six counties of the metropolitan region including Fengtian flooded and damaged the harvest.
30
大和二年夏，京畿及陳、滑二州水，害稼； 河陽水，平地五尺； 河決，壞棣州城； 越州大風，海溢； 河南鄆、曹、濮、淄、青、齊、德、兗、海等州並大水。 三年四月，同官縣暴水，漂沒三百餘家； 宋、亳、徐等州大水，害稼。 四年夏，江水溢，沒舒州太湖、宿松、望江三縣民田數百戶； 鄜、坊水，漂三百餘家； 浙西、浙東、宣歙、江西、鄜坊、山南東道、淮南、京畿、河南、江南、荊襄、鄂岳、湖南大水，皆害稼。 五年六月，玄武江漲，高二丈，溢入梓州羅城； 淮西、浙東、浙西、荊襄、岳鄂、東川大水，害稼。 六年二月，蘇、湖二州大水。 六月，徐州大雨，壞民居九百餘家。 七年秋，浙西及揚、楚、舒、廬、壽、滁、和、宣等州大水，害稼。 八年秋，江西及襄州水，害稼； 蘄州湖水溢； 滁州大水，溺萬餘戶。
In the summer of the second year of Dahe (828), the capital region and Chen and Hua prefectures flooded and damaged crops; at Heyang floodwaters on the flats stood five chi deep; the Yellow River breached its banks and destroyed the wall of Di Prefecture; a great storm at Yue Prefecture drove the sea over its banks; and great floods struck Yun, Cao, Pu, Zi, Qing, Qi, De, Yan, Hai, and other prefectures across Henan. In the fourth month of the third year of Dahe (829), a flash flood at Tongguan County swept away more than three hundred households; Song, Bo, and Xu prefectures were inundated and the harvest was ruined. In the summer of the fourth year of Dahe (830), the Yangzi rose and submerged the fields of several hundred households around Lake Tai in Shu Prefecture and in Susong and Wangjiang counties; Fu and Fang were flooded, carrying off more than three hundred households; and catastrophic flooding across Zhexi, Zhedong, Xuan-She, Jiangxi, Fu-Fang, Shannan East Circuit, Huainan, the metropolitan region, Henan, Jiangnan, Jingxiang, Eyue, and Hunan ravaged the harvest everywhere. In the sixth month of the fifth year of Dahe (831), the Xuanwu River rose two zhang and poured into the outer wall of Zizhou; Great floods in Huaixi, Zhedong, Zhexi, Jingxiang, Yue-E, and Dongchuan damaged the harvest. In the second month of the sixth year of Dahe (832), Su and Hu prefectures suffered major flooding. In the sixth month torrential rain at Xuzhou destroyed more than nine hundred homes. In the autumn of the seventh year of Dahe (833), Zhexi and Yang, Chu, Shu, Lu, Shou, Chuzhou, He, and Xuan prefectures were inundated and the harvest suffered. In the autumn of the eighth year of Dahe (834), Jiangxi and Xiang Prefecture flooded and damaged the harvest; the lakes at Qi Prefecture burst their banks; and a great flood at Chuzhou drowned more than ten thousand households.
31
開成元年夏，鳳翔麟遊縣暴雨，水，毀九成宮，壞民舍數百家，死者百餘人。 七月，鎮州滹沱河溢，害稼。 三年夏，河決，浸鄭、滑外城； 陳、許、鄜、坊、鄂、曹、濮、襄、魏、博等州大水； 江、漢漲溢，壞房、均、荊、襄等州民居及田產殆盡； 蘇、湖、處等州水溢入城，處州平地八尺。 四年秋，西川、滄景、淄青大雨，水，害稼及民廬舍，德州尤甚，平地水深八尺。 五年七月，鎮州及江南水。
In the summer of the first year of Kaicheng (836), a cloudburst at Linyou County in Fengxiang unleashed floods that wrecked Jiucheng Palace, destroyed several hundred homes, and killed more than a hundred people. In the seventh month the Hutuo River overflowed at Zhen Prefecture and damaged the harvest. In the summer of the third year of Kaicheng (838), the Yellow River breached its banks and flooded the outer walls of Zheng and Hua; Chen, Xu, Fu, Fang, E, Cao, Pu, Xiang, Wei, and Bo were inundated; the Yangzi and Han swelled until they nearly destroyed homes and fields across Fang, Jun, Jing, Xiang, and neighboring prefectures; floodwaters poured into the cities of Su, Hu, and Chu prefectures; at Chu Prefecture the flats stood eight chi deep. In the autumn of the fourth year of Kaicheng (839), torrential rains flooded Xichuan, Cangjing, and Ziqing, ruining crops and private homes; De Prefecture suffered worst of all, with eight chi of water across the flats. In the seventh month of the fifth year of Kaicheng (840), Zhen Prefecture and the Jiangnan region flooded.
32
會昌元年七月，江南大水，漢水壞襄、均等州民居甚眾。
In the seventh month of the first year of Huichang (841), catastrophic flooding in Jiangnan sent the Han River wrecking countless homes in Xiang, Jun, and neighboring prefectures.
33
大中十二年八月，魏、博、幽、鎮、兗、鄆、滑、汴、宋、舒、壽、和、潤等州水，害稼； 徐、泗等州水深五丈，漂沒數萬家。 十三年夏，大水。
In the eighth month of the twelfth year of Dazhong (858), floods struck Wei, Bo, You, Zhen, Yan, Yun, Hua, Bian, Song, Shu, Shou, He, and Run prefectures and damaged the harvest; at Xu and Si prefectures the flood stood five zhang deep and swept away tens of thousands of households. In the summer of the thirteenth year of Dazhong (859), vast floods struck.
34
咸通元年，潁州大水。 四年閏六月，東都暴水，自龍門毀定鼎、長夏等門，漂溺居人。 七月，東都、許汝徐泗等州大水，傷稼。 九月，孝義山水深三丈，破武牢關金城門汜水橋。 六年六月，東都大水，漂壞十二坊，溺死者甚眾。 七年夏，江淮大水。 秋，河南大水，害稼。 十四年八月，關東、河南大水。
In the first year of Xiantong (860), Ying Prefecture was inundated. In the intercalary sixth month of the fourth year of Xiantong (863), a flash flood at the Eastern Capital burst in from Longmen, wrecked the Dingding and Changxia gates among others, and swept residents to their deaths. In the seventh month the Eastern Capital and Xu, Ru, Xuzhou, and Si prefectures flooded, damaging the harvest. In the ninth month flash floods at Xiaoyi ran three zhang deep and destroyed the Jincheng Gate and Sishui Bridge at Wulao Pass. In the sixth month of the sixth year of Xiantong (865), great floods at the Eastern Capital washed away twelve wards and drowned a great multitude. In the summer of the seventh year of Xiantong (866), the Jianghuai region suffered catastrophic flooding. That autumn Henan was inundated and the harvest suffered. In the eighth month of the fourteenth year of Xiantong (873), catastrophic floods struck the lands east of the Pass and Henan.
35
乾符三年，關東大水。
In the third year of Qianfu (876), the lands east of the Pass were inundated.
36
光化三年九月，浙江溢，壞民居甚眾。
In the ninth month of the third year of Guanghua (900), the Zhejiang region flooded and destroyed a great many homes.
37
乾寧三年四月，河圮于滑州，朱全忠決其堤，因為二河，散漫千餘里。 常寒顯慶四年二月壬子，大雨雪。 方春，少陽用事，而寒氣脅之，古占以為人君刑法暴濫之象。 近常寒也。
In the fourth month of the third year of Qianning (896), the Yellow River burst its banks at Huazhou; Zhu Quanzhong deliberately cut the levee, splitting the channel in two, and the waters spread unchecked for more than a thousand li. Persistent cold. On the day renzi of the second month of the fourth year of Xianqing (659), heavy rain and snow fell. Spring had come, when lesser yang should hold sway, yet cold air pressed upon it. In ancient omen interpretation, this signified a ruler whose criminal law was harsh and unrestrained. These are cases approaching persistent cold.
38
咸亨元年十月癸酉，大雪，平地三尺，人多凍死。
On the day guiyou of the tenth month of the first year of Xianheng (670), heavy snow blanketed the land three feet deep on level ground, and many people perished from the cold.
39
儀鳳三年五月丙寅，高宗在九成宮，霖雨，大寒，兵衞有凍死者。
On the day bingyin of the fifth month of the third year of Yifeng (678), Emperor Gaozong was at Jiucheng Palace. Relentless rain brought bitter cold, and some of the palace guards froze to death.
40
開耀元年冬，大寒。
In the winter of the first year of Kaiyao (681), the cold was severe.
41
久視元年三月，大雪。
In the third month of the first year of Jushi (700), heavy snow fell.
42
神龍元年三月乙酉，睦州暴寒且冰。
On the day yiyou of the third month of the first year of Shenlong (705), Muzhou was struck by sudden cold and ice.
43
開元二十九年九月丁卯，大雨雪，大木偃折。
On the day dingmao of the ninth month of the twenty-ninth year of Kaiyuan (741), torrential snow fell and great trees were uprooted and snapped.
44
大曆四年六月伏日，寒。
On the midsummer dog-days of the sixth month of the fourth year of Dali (769), the weather turned cold.
45
貞元元年正月戊戌，大風雪，寒； 丙午，又大風雪，寒，民飢，多凍死者。 十二年十二月，大雪甚寒，竹柏柿樹多死。 占曰：「有德遭險，厥災暴寒。」 十九年三月，大雪。 二十年二月庚戌，始雷，大雨雹，震電，大雨雪。 既雷則不當雪，陰脅陽也，如魯隱公之九年。
On the day wuxu of the first month of the first year of Zhenyuan (785), blizzards brought bitter cold; On the day bingwu, blizzards returned again. Famine gripped the people, and many froze to death. In the twelfth month of the twelfth year of Zhenyuan (796), heavy snow and fierce cold killed most of the bamboo, cypress, and persimmon trees. Omen interpretation reads: "When the virtuous meet danger, the calamity manifests as violent cold." In the third month of the nineteenth year of Zhenyuan (803), heavy snow fell. On the day gengxu of the second month of the twentieth year of Zhenyuan (804), thunder broke for the first time, followed by heavy hail, lightning, and driving snow. Once thunder has rolled, snow should not fall; yin was overpowering yang, as in the ninth year of Duke Yin of Lu.
46
元和六年十二月，大寒。 八年十月，東都大寒，霜厚數寸，雀鼠多死。 十二年九月己丑，雨雪，人有凍死者。 十五年八月己卯，同州雨雪，害稼。
In the twelfth month of the sixth year of Yuanhe (811), the cold was severe. In the tenth month of the eighth year of Yuanhe (813), the Eastern Capital was gripped by bitter cold. Frost lay several inches deep, and countless sparrows and mice perished. On the day jichou of the ninth month of the twelfth year of Yuanhe (817), rain and snow fell, and some people froze to death. On the day jimao of the eighth month of the fifteenth year of Yuanhe (820), rain and snow at Tongzhou harmed the harvest.
47
長慶元年二月，海州海水冰，南北二百里，東望無際。
In the second month of the first year of Changqing (821), the sea off Haizhou froze for two hundred li north and south; gazing eastward, one could see no open water at all.
48
大和六年正月，雨雪踰月，寒甚。 九年十二月，京師苦寒。
In the first month of the sixth year of Dahe (832), rain and snow continued for more than a month, and the cold was fierce. In the twelfth month of the ninth year of Dahe (835), the capital was stricken with bitter cold.
49
會昌三年，春寒，大雪，江左尤甚，民有凍死者。
In the third year of Huichang (842), a cold spring brought heavy snow, worst in the lands south of the Yangzi, and some people froze to death.
50
咸通五年冬，隰、石、汾等州大雨雪，平地深五尺。
In the winter of the fifth year of Xiantong (864), Xi, Shi, Fen, and other prefectures were buried under rain and snow five feet deep on level ground.
51
景福二年二月辛巳，曹州大雪，平地二尺。
On the day xinsi of the second month of the second year of Jingfu (893), Caozhou was blanketed in snow two feet deep.
52
天復三年三月，浙西大雪，平地三尺餘，甚氣如煙，其味苦。 十二月，又大雪，江海冰。
In the third month of the third year of Tianfu (903), western Zhejiang saw snow more than three feet deep. The air hung like smoke, and the snow tasted bitter. That twelfth month brought snow again, and the rivers and sea froze over.
53
天祐元年九月壬戌朔，大風，寒如仲冬。 是冬，浙東、浙西大雪。 吳、越地氣常燠而積雪，近常寒也。 鼓妖武德三年二月丁丑，京師西南有聲如崩山。 近鼓妖也。 說者以為人君不聰，為眾所惑，則有聲無形，不知所從生。
On the first day renxu of the ninth month of the first year of Tianyou (904), fierce winds brought cold as bitter as mid-winter. That winter, eastern and western Zhejiang were buried in heavy snow. Wu and Yue are lands of normally mild climate, yet snow piled deep—another sign approaching persistent cold. Drum omens. On the day dingchou of the second month of the third year of Wude (620), southwest of the capital a sound like a mountain in collapse was heard. This approximates a drum omen. Commentators held that when a ruler lacks discernment and is led astray by the crowd, sound may appear without visible source, and none can tell where it was born.
54
天授元年九月，檢校內史宗秦客拜日，無雲而雷震。 近鼓妖也。
In the ninth month of the first year of Tianshou (690), on the day Investigating Censor-in-Chief Zong Qinke made his bow of obeisance, thunder crashed though the sky was cloudless. This too approximates a drum omen.
55
貞元十三年六月丙寅，天晦，街鼓不鳴。
On the day bingyin of the sixth month of the thirteenth year of Zhenyuan (797), the sky turned murky and the street drums failed to sound.
56
中和二年十月，西北方無雲而雷。
In the tenth month of the second year of Zhonghe (882), thunder rolled in the northwest though no clouds were in sight.
57
天復三年十月甲午，有大聲出于宣武節度使廳事。 近鼓妖也。 魚孽如意中，濟源路敬淳家水碾柱將壞，易之為薪，中有鮎魚長尺餘，猶生。 近魚孽也。
On the day jiawu of the tenth month of the third year of Tianfu (903), a tremendous noise burst forth from the hall of the Xuanwu military commissioner. This approximates a drum omen. Fish calamities. During the RuYi reign (692), at the home of Lu Jingchun in Jiyuan, a pillar of the household water mill was about to fail. When it was taken down for firewood, a catfish more than a foot long was found inside, still living. This approximates a fish calamity.
58
開元四年，安南都護府江中有大蛇，首尾橫出兩岸，經日而腐，寸寸自斷。 數日，江魚盡死，蔽江而下，十十五五相附著，江水臭。
In the fourth year of Kaiyuan (716), a great serpent appeared in the river at the Protectorate General of Annan, its head and tail spanning both banks. After a day it rotted away, severing itself inch by inch. Within days every fish in the river died and drifted downstream in vast shoals, clustering ten and five together until the water reeked.
59
神龍中，渭水有蝦蟆大如鼎，里人聚觀，數日而失。 是歲大水。
During the Shenlong era (705–707), a toad as large as a cauldron appeared in the Wei River. Villagers thronged to gaze at it; after several days it disappeared. That same year brought catastrophic flooding.
60
元和十四年二月，晝，有魚長尺餘，墜於鄆州市，良久乃死。 魚失水而墜于市，敗滅象也。
In the second month of Yuanhe 14 (819), in broad daylight a fish more than a foot long fell into the marketplace at Yuncheng in Yanzhou and died only after a long while. A fish deprived of water falling into a marketplace portends defeat and ruin.
61
開成二年三月壬申，有大魚長六丈，自海入淮，至濠州招義，民殺之。 近魚孽也。
On renshen day in the third month of Kaicheng 2 (837), a fish six zhang long came from the sea into the Huai, reached Zhaoyi in Haozhou, and the people killed it. This approached a fish calamity.
62
乾符六年，汜水河魚逆流而上，至垣曲、平陸界。 魚，民象，逆流而上，民不從君令也。
In Qianfu 6 (879), fish in the Sishui River swam upstream as far as the border of Yuanqu and Pinglu. Fish symbolize the common people; when they swim against the current, the people are refusing to obey the ruler's orders.
63
光啟二年，揚州雨魚。 占如元和十四年。 蝗武德六年，夏州蝗。 蝗之殘民，若無功而祿者然，皆貪撓之所生。 先儒以為人主失禮煩苛則旱，魚螺變為蟲蝗，故以屬魚孽。
In Guangqi 2 (886), fish rained from the sky over Yangzhou. The prognostication accords with that for Yuanhe 14 (819). Locusts. In the sixth year of Wude (623), locusts struck Xia Prefecture. Locusts ravage the people as officeholders draw pay without merit; both spring from greedy, corrupt conduct. Earlier scholars held that when rulers abandon ritual and rule becomes vexing and harsh, drought ensues and fish and snails turn into locusts—hence locust plagues belong under fish calamity.
64
貞觀二年六月，京畿旱蝗。 太宗在苑中掇蝗祝之曰：「人以穀為命，百姓有過，在予一人，但當蝕我，無害百姓。」 將吞之，侍臣懼帝致疾，遂以為諫。 帝曰：「所冀移災朕躬，何疾之避？」 遂吞之。 是歲，蝗不為災。 三年五月，徐州蝗。 秋，德、戴、廓等州蝗。 四年秋，觀、兗、遼等州蝗。 二十一年秋，渠、泉二州蝗。
In the sixth month of Zhenguan 2 (628), drought and locusts struck the capital region. In the imperial park Emperor Taizong picked up locusts and addressed them: "Grain is the life of the people. If the common people have sinned, the fault is mine alone. Devour only me—do not harm the people." As he was about to swallow them, his attendants feared he would fall ill and urgently remonstrated. The emperor said, "I mean to take the calamity upon myself. Why should I fear illness?" He swallowed them. That year the locusts did no harm. In the fifth month of the third year of Zhenguan (629), locusts struck Xuzhou. That autumn locusts afflicted De, Dai, Kuo, and other prefectures. In the autumn of the fourth year of Zhenguan (630), locusts struck Guan, Yan, Liao, and other prefectures. In the autumn of the twenty-first year of Zhenguan (647), locusts struck Qu and Quan prefectures.
65
永徽元年，夔、絳、雍、同等州蝗。
In Yonghui 1 (650), locusts struck Kui, Jiang, Yong, Tong, and other prefectures.
66
永淳元年三月，京畿蝗，無麥苗。 六月，雍、岐、隴等州蝗。
In the third month of Yongchun 1 (682), locusts devoured the capital region until not a wheat seedling was left. In the sixth month of that year, Yong, Qi, Long, and other prefectures suffered locusts.
67
長壽二年，台、建等州蝗。
In Changshou 2 (693), locusts struck Tai, Jian, and other prefectures.
68
開元三年七月，河南、河北蝗。 四年夏，山東蝗，蝕稼，聲如風雨。 二十五年，貝州蝗，有白鳥數千萬，羣飛食之，一夕而盡，禾稼不傷。
In the seventh month of Kaiyuan 3 (715), locusts ravaged Henan and Hebei. In the summer of the fourth year of Kaiyuan (716), locusts in Shandong devoured the crops, their sound roaring like wind and rain. In the twenty-fifth year of Kaiyuan (737), locusts infested Beizhou; tens of millions of white birds flew in flock to devour them, and in a single night the locusts vanished while the grain stood untouched.
69
廣德二年秋，蝗，關輔尤甚，米斗千錢。
In the autumn of Guangde 2 (764), locusts swept the empire, worst in the capital region, where grain sold for a thousand cash per dou.
70
興元元年秋，螟蝗自山而東際于海，晦天蔽野，草木葉皆盡。
In the autumn of Xingyuan 1 (784), caterpillars and locusts spread from the mountains eastward to the sea, darkening the sky and blanketing the land until every leaf was stripped bare.
71
貞元元年夏，蝗，東自海，西盡河、隴，羣飛蔽天，旬日不息，所至草木葉及畜毛靡有孑遺，餓殣枕道，民蒸蝗，曝，颺去翅足而食之。
In the summer of Zhenyuan 1 (785), locusts ranged from the eastern sea westward through the He and Long circuits; swarms blotted out the sky for ten days on end; wherever they passed, not a leaf or tuft of livestock hair remained; corpses of the starved lined the roads; people steamed locusts, sun-dried them, shook off the wings and legs, and ate them.
72
永貞元年秋，陳州蝗。
In the autumn of Yongzhen 1 (805), locusts struck Chenzhou.
73
元和元年夏，鎮、冀等州蝗。
In the summer of Yuanhe 1 (806), locusts afflicted Zhen, Ji, and other prefectures.
74
長慶三年秋，洪州螟蝗害稼八萬頃。
In the autumn of Changqing 3 (823), caterpillars and locusts at Hongzhou destroyed crops across eighty thousand qing.
75
開成元年夏，鎮州、河中蝗，害稼。 二年六月，魏博、昭義、淄青、滄州、兗海、河南蝗。 三年秋，河南、河北鎮定等州蝗，草木葉皆盡。 五年夏，幽、魏、博、鄆、曹、濮、滄、齊、德、淄、青、兗、海、河陽、淮南、虢、陳、許、汝等州螟蝗害稼。 占曰：「國多邪人，朝無忠臣，居位食祿，如蟲與民爭食，故比年蟲蝗。」
In the summer of Kaicheng 1 (836), locusts at Zhenzhou and Hezhong Circuit ravaged the crops. In the sixth month of Kaicheng 2 (837), locusts struck Weibo, Zhaoyi, Ziqing, Cangzhou, Yanhai, and Henan. In the autumn of Kaicheng 3 (838), locusts in Henan, Hebei, Zhending, and other prefectures stripped every leaf from grass and trees. In the summer of Kaicheng 5 (840), caterpillars and locusts damaged crops across You, Wei, Bo, Yun, Cao, Pu, Cang, Qi, De, Zi, Qing, Yan, Hai, Heyang, Huainan, Guo, Chen, Xu, Ru, and other prefectures. Prognostication states: "When the state teems with wicked men and the court lacks loyal ministers, officeholders who draw salaries are like insects competing with the people for food—hence insects and locusts year after year."
76
會昌元年七月，關東、山南鄧唐等州蝗。
In the seventh month of Huichang 1 (841), locusts struck Guandong and the Deng, Tang, and other prefectures of Shannan.
77
大中八年七月，劍南東川蝗。
In the seventh month of Dazhong 8 (854), locusts infested Dongchuan in Jiannan.
78
咸通三年六月，淮南、河南蝗。 六年八月，東都、同華陝虢等州蝗。 七年夏，東都、同、華、陝、虢及京畿蝗。 九年，江淮、關內及東都蝗。 十年夏，陝、虢等州蝗。 不絀無德，虐取於民之罰。
In the sixth month of Xiantong 3 (862), locusts ravaged Huainan and Henan. In the eighth month of Xiantong 6 (865), locusts afflicted the Eastern Capital and Tong, Hua, Shan, Guo, and other prefectures. In the summer of Xiantong 7 (866), locusts struck the Eastern Capital, Tong, Hua, Shan, Guo, and the capital region. In Xiantong 9 (868), locusts ravaged the Jiang-Huai, Guannei, and the Eastern Capital. In the summer of Xiantong 10 (869), locusts struck Shan, Guo, and other prefectures. Failing to purge the unworthy is the penalty exacted when rulers cruelly strip the people.
79
乾符二年，蝗自東而西蔽天。
In Qianfu 2 (875), locusts spread from east to west until they blotted out the heavens.
80
光啟元年秋，蝗，自東方來，羣飛蔽天。 二年，荊、襄蝗，米斗錢三千，人相食； 淮南蝗，自西來，行而不飛，浮水緣城入揚州府署，竹樹幢節，一夕如剪，幡幟畫像，皆齧去其首，撲不能止。 旬日，自相食盡。 豕禍貞觀十七年六月，司農寺豕生子，一首八足，自頸分為二。
In the autumn of Guangqi 1 (887), locusts arrived from the east in swarms that blotted out the sky. In Guangqi 2 (888), Jing and Xiang suffered locusts; grain sold at three thousand cash per dou, and people fed on one another; in Huainan locusts came from the west, advancing without flying, floating on the water along the city wall into the Yangzhou prefectural offices; bamboo groves, trees, banners, and ceremonial insignia were shorn overnight as if clipped; painted banners and icons had their heads gnawed off, and beating could not drive them away. Within ten days they had devoured one another to the last. Swine calamities. In the sixth month of Zhenguan 17 (643), a sow at the Directorate of Agriculture farrowed piglets with one head and eight legs, split from the neck into two bodies.
81
貞元四年二月，京師民家有豕生子，兩首四足。 首多者，上不一也。 是歲，宣州大雨震電，有物墮地如猪，手足各兩指，執赤班蛇食之。 頃之，雲合不復見。 近豕禍也。
In the second month of Zhenyuan 4 (788), at a commoner's house in the capital a sow farrowed piglets with two heads and four legs. Many heads betoken lack of unity at the top. That year at Xu Prefecture came torrential rain with thunder and lightning; something fell to earth like a pig, with two fingers on each hand and foot, clutching a red-banded serpent and devouring it. Moments later clouds closed in and it was seen no more. This approached a swine calamity.
82
元和八年四月，長安西市有豕生子，三耳八足，自尾分為二。 足多者，下不一也。
In the fourth month of Yuanhe 8 (813), at Chang'an's West Market a sow farrowed piglets with three ears and eight legs, split from the tail into two. Many legs betoken lack of unity below.
83
咸通七年，徐州蕭縣民家豕出圂舞，又牡豕多將隣里羣豕而行，復自相噬齧。
In Xiantong 7 (866), at a commoner's house in Xiaoxian, Xuzhou, pigs burst from the pen and danced; boars repeatedly led the neighborhood herds about, then turned and tore one another apart.
84
乾符六年，越州山陰民家有豕入室內，壞器用，銜桉缶置於水次。
In Qianfu 6 (879), at a commoner's house in Shanyin, Yuezhou, a pig entered the rooms, smashed household goods, then seized a desk and jar and set them at the water's edge.
85
廣明元年，絳州稷山縣民家豕生如人狀，無眉目耳髮。 占為邑有亂。 雷電貞觀十一年四月甲子，震乾元殿前槐樹。 震耀，天之威怒，以象殺戮； 槐，古者三公所樹也。
In Guangming 1 (880), at a commoner's house in Jishan, Jiangzhou, a sow bore young shaped like humans, lacking eyebrows, eyes, ears, or hair. The omen was read as unrest in the district. Thunder and lightning. On the first jiazi of the fourth month of Zhenguan 11 (637), thunder struck the pagoda tree before Qianyuan Hall. The flare of thunder is Heaven's wrath, an image of slaughter; the pagoda tree was what the Three Ducal Ministers of antiquity planted.
86
證聖元年正月丁酉，雷。 雷者陽聲，出非其時，臣竊君柄之象。
On the seventeenth dingyou of the first month of Zhensheng 1 (695), thunder sounded. Thunder is the voice of yang; when it rolls forth out of season, it images ministers seizing the sovereign's grip.
87
長安四年五月丁亥，震雷，大風拔木，人有震死者。
On the seventh dinghai of the fifth month of Chang'an 4 (704), thunder pealed and great winds uprooted trees; some people were struck dead by thunder.
88
延和元年六月，河南偃師縣李材村有震電入民家，地震裂，闊丈餘，長十五里，深不可測，所裂處井廁相通，或衝冢墓，柩出平地無損。 李，國姓也； 震電，威刑之象； 地，陰類也。
In the sixth month of Yanhe 1 (712), at Licun in Yanshi, Henan, thunder and lightning entered a commoner's house; the earth quaked and split more than a zhang wide and fifteen li long to immeasurable depth; where it rent, wells and privies opened into one another, or tombs were breached—yet coffins emerged onto level ground unharmed. Li—the royal surname; thunder and lightning image stern punishment; earth belongs to the category of yin.
89
永泰元年二月甲子夜，震霆。 自是無雷，至六月甲申乃雷。
On the jiazi night of the second month of Yongtai 1 (765), thunder pealed. From then until the jiazi of the sixth month of Yongtai 1 there was no thunder, and only then did it thunder again.
90
大曆十年四月甲申，雷電，暴風拔木飄瓦，人有震死者，京畿害稼者七縣。
On the jiazi of the fourth month of Dali 10 (775), thunder and lightning brought violent winds that uprooted trees and blew off tiles; some were struck dead by thunder; in seven counties of the capital region the harvest was harmed.
91
建中元年九月己卯，雷。 四年四月丙子，東都畿汝節度使哥舒曜攻李希烈，進軍至潁橋，大雨震電，人不能言者十三四，馬驢多死。
On the twenty-seventh jimao of the ninth month of Jianzhong 1 (780), thunder sounded. On the seventeenth bingzi of the fourth month of Jianzhong 4 (783), Geshu Yao of the Dongdu Jizhou Runan Circuit attacked Li Xilie and marched to Yingqiao; under great rain with thunder and lightning, three or four tenths of the men could not speak, and horses and donkeys died in great numbers.
92
貞元十四年五月己酉夏至，始雷。
At the summer solstice on the ninth jiyou of the fifth month of Zhenyuan 14 (798), thunder sounded for the first time.
93
元和十一年冬，雷。
In the winter of Yuanhe 11 (816), thunder rolled.
94
長慶二年六月乙丑，大風震電，落太廟鴟尾，破御史臺樹。
On the second yichou of the sixth month of Changqing 2 (822), great winds with thunder and lightning stripped the imperial temple's ridge ornament and broke the trees of the Censorate.
95
大和八年七月辛酉，定陵臺大雨，震，廡下地裂二十有六步。 占曰：「士庶分離，大臣專恣，不救大敗。」
On the ninth xinyou of the seventh month of Dahe 8 (834), heavy rain at Dingling Terrace brought thunder; the gallery's ground split twenty-six paces. Prognostication states: "When nobles and commoners sunder, when great ministers act willfully, and none turn back the tide—the state suffers great defeat."
96
會昌三年五月甲午，始雷。
On the eleventh jiawu of the fifth month of Huichang 3 (843), thunder sounded for the first time.
97
咸通四年十二月，震雷。
In the twelfth month of Xiantong 4 (863), thunder and lightning.
98
乾符二年十二月，震雷，雨雹。
In the twelfth month of Qianfu 2 (875), thunder, lightning, and hail.
99
乾寧四年，李茂貞遣將符道昭攻成都，至廣漢，震雷，有石隕于帳前。 霜貞觀元年秋，霜殺稼。 京房《易傳》曰：「人君刑罰妄行，則天應之以隕霜。」 三年，北邊霜殺稼。
In Qianning 4 (897), Li Maozhen sent the general Fu Daozhao to attack Chengdu; at Guanghan, thunder and lightning struck, and a stone fell before the command tent. Frost. In the autumn of Zhenguan 1 (627), frost killed the harvest. Jing Fang's Commentary on the Changes states: "When the ruler capriciously enforces punishments, Heaven answers with falling frost." In the third year of Zhenguan (629), frost on the northern borderlands killed the harvest.
100
永徽二年，綏、延等州霜殺稼。
In Yonghui 2 (651), frost killed the harvest in Sui, Yan, and other circuits.
101
調露元年八月，邠、涇、寧、慶、原五州霜。
In the eighth month of Tiaolu 1 (679), frost struck the five prefectures of Bin, Jing, Ning, Qing, and Yuan.
102
證聖元年|695年六月，睦州隕霜，殺草。 吳、越地燠而盛夏隕霜，昔所未有。 四年四月，延州霜殺草。 四月純陽用事，象人君當布惠于天下，而反隕霜，是無陽也。
In the sixth month of Zhensheng 1 |695 CE|, frost fell at Muzhou and killed the grass. The lands of Wu and Yue are sultry, yet in midsummer frost fell—something never before recorded. In the fourth month of Zhensheng 4 (697), frost at Yanzhou killed the grass. The fourth month is when pure yang holds sway, imaging that the ruler should spread grace throughout the realm; yet frost fell instead—an absence of yang.
103
開元十二年八月，潞、綏等州霜殺稼。 十五年，天下州十七，霜殺稼。
In the eighth month of Kaiyuan 12 (724), frost killed crops in Lu, Sui, and other prefectures. In Kaiyuan 15 (727), frost killed crops in seventeen prefectures throughout the realm.
104
元和二年七月，邠、寧等州霜殺稼。 九年三月丁卯，隕霜，殺桑。 十四年四月，淄、青隕霜，殺惡草及荊棘，而不害嘉穀。
In the seventh month of Yuanhe 2 (807), frost killed crops in Bin, Ning, and other prefectures. On dingmao day in the third month of Yuanhe 9 (814), falling frost killed mulberry trees. In the fourth month of Yuanhe 14 (819), falling frost in Zi and Qing killed weeds and brambles but spared the good grain.
105
寶曆元年八月，邠州霜殺稼。
In the eighth month of Baoli 1 (825), frost killed crops in Bin Prefecture.
106
大和三年秋，京畿奉先等八縣早霜，殺稼。
In the autumn of Dahe 3 (829), early frost in eight capital counties including Fengxian killed crops.
107
大中三年春，隕霜，殺桑。
In the spring of Dazhong 3 (849), falling frost killed mulberry trees.
108
中和元年春，霜。 秋，河東早霜，殺稼。 雹貞觀四年秋，丹、延、北永等州雹。
In the spring of Zhonghe 1 (881), frost appeared. That autumn, early frost in Hedong killed crops. Hail. In the autumn of Zhenguan 4 (630), hail struck Dan, Yan, Beiyong, and other prefectures.
109
顯慶二年五月，滄州大雨雹，中人有死者。
In the fifth month of Xianqing 2 (657), a great hailstorm struck Cang Prefecture, and some among the populace were killed.
110
咸亨元年四月庚午，雍州大雨雹。 二年四月戊子，大雨雹，震電，大風折木，落則天門鴟尾三。 先儒以為「雹者，陰脅陽也」。 又曰：「人君惡聞其過，抑賢用邪，則雹與雨俱； 信讒殺無罪，則雹下毀瓦、破車、殺牛馬。」
On gengwu day in the fourth month of Xianheng 1 (670), a great hailstorm struck Yong Prefecture. On wuzi day in the fourth month of Xianheng 2 (671), heavy hail, lightning, and a great wind broke trees and knocked three ridge-tail ornaments from Zetian Gate. Earlier scholars held that "Hail means yin constraining yang." It also says: "When a ruler hates to hear his faults, suppresses the worthy and employs the wicked, hail falls together with rain; if he trusts slander and kills the guiltless, hail destroys tiles, breaks carts, and kills oxen and horses."
111
永淳元年五月壬寅，定州大雨雹，害麥禾及桑。
On renyin day in the fifth month of Yongchun 1 (682), a great hailstorm in Ding Prefecture damaged wheat, grain, and mulberry.
112
天授二年六月庚戌，許州大雨雹。
On gengxu day in the sixth month of Tianshou 2 (691), a great hailstorm struck Xu Prefecture.
113
證聖元年二月癸卯，滑州大雨雹，殺燕雀。
On guimao day in the second month of Zhensheng 1 (695), a great hailstorm in Hua Prefecture killed swallows and sparrows.
114
神功元年，媯、綏二州雹。
In Shendong 1 (697), hail struck the two prefectures of Gui and Sui.
115
聖曆元年六月甲午，曹州大雨雹。
On jiawu day in the sixth month of Shenglü 1 (698), a great hailstorm struck Cao Prefecture.
116
久視元年六月丁亥，曹州大雨雹。
On dinghai day in the sixth month of Jiushi 1 (700), a great hailstorm struck Cao Prefecture.
117
長安三年八月，京師大雨雹，人畜有凍死者。
In the eighth month of Chang'an 3 (703), a great hailstorm in the capital left some people and livestock frozen dead.
118
神龍元年四月壬子，雍州同官縣大雨雹，殺鳥獸。
On renzi day in the fourth month of Shenlong 1 (705), a great hailstorm in Tongguan County, Yong Prefecture, killed birds and beasts.
119
景龍元年四月己巳，曹州大雨雹。 二年正月己卯，滄州雨雹如雞卵。
On jisi day in the fourth month of Jinglong 1 (707), a great hailstorm struck Cao Prefecture. On jimao day in the first month of Jinglong 2 (708), hail in Cang Prefecture was the size of chicken eggs.
120
開元八年十二月丁未，滑州大雨雹。 二十二年五月戊辰，京畿渭南等六縣大風雹，傷麥。
On dingwei day in the twelfth month of Kaiyuan 8 (720), a great hailstorm struck Hua Prefecture. On wuchen day in the fifth month of Kaiyuan 22 (734), wind and hail in six capital counties including Weinan damaged wheat.
121
大曆七年五月乙酉，雨雹。
On yiyou day in the fifth month of Dali 7 (772), hail fell.
122
貞元二年六月丙子，大雨雹。 十七年二月丁酉，雨雹； 己亥，霜； 戊申，夜，震霆，雨雹； 庚戌，大雨雪而雹。 五月戊寅，好畤縣風雹，害麥。 十八年七月癸酉，大雨雹。
On bingzi day in the sixth month of Zhenyuan 2 (786), a great hailstorm fell. On dingyou day in the second month of Zhenyuan 17 (801), hail fell; on jihai day, frost; on wushen night, thunder and hail; on gengxu day, driving snow fell together with hail. On wuyin day in the fifth month of Zhenyuan 17 (801), wind and hail in Haozhi County damaged wheat. On guiyou day in the seventh month of Zhenyuan 18 (802), a great hailstorm fell.
123
元和元年，鄜、坊等州雹。 十年秋，鄜、坊等州風雹，害稼。 十二年夏，河南雨雹，中人有死者。 十五年三月，京畿興平、醴泉等縣雹，傷麥。
In Yuanhe 1 (806), hail struck Fu, Fang, and other prefectures. In the autumn of Yuanhe 10 (815), wind and hail in Fu, Fang, and other prefectures damaged crops. In the summer of Yuanhe 12 (817), hail in Henan killed some among the populace. In the third month of Yuanhe 15 (820), hail in capital counties including Xingping and Liquan damaged wheat.
124
長慶四年六月庚寅，京師雨雹如彈丸。
On gengyin day in the sixth month of Changqing 4 (824), hail in the capital was the size of pellet balls.
125
大和四年秋，鄜、坊等州雹。 五年夏，京畿奉先、渭南等縣雨雹。
In the autumn of Dahe 4 (830), hail struck Fu, Fang, and other prefectures. In the summer of Dahe 5 (831), hail fell in capital counties including Fengxian and Weinan.
126
開成二年秋，河南雹，害稼。 四年七月，鄭、滑等州風雹。 五年六月，濮州雨雹如拳，殺人三十六，牛馬甚眾。
In the autumn of Kaicheng 2 (837), hail in Henan damaged crops. In the seventh month of Kaicheng 4 (839), wind and hail struck Zheng, Hua, and other prefectures. In the sixth month of Kaicheng 5 (840), fist-sized hail in Pu Prefecture killed thirty-six people and a great many oxen and horses.
127
會昌元年秋，登州雨雹，文登尤甚，破瓦害稼。 四年夏，雨雹如彈丸。
In the autumn of Huichang 1 (841), hail in Deng Prefecture—Wendeng suffered worst—breaking tiles and damaging crops. In the summer of Huichang 4 (844), hail fell the size of pellet balls.
128
乾符六年五月丁酉，宣授宰臣豆盧瑑、崔沆制，殿庭氛霧四塞，及百官班賀于政事堂，雨雹如鳧卵，大風雷雨拔木。
On dingyou day in the fifth month of Qianfu 6 (879), as edicts went forth appointing chief ministers Dou Lumiao and Cui Hang, mist closed in on all sides of the palace hall; when the hundred officials lined up to offer congratulations at the Hall for Affairs of State, hail fell the size of duck eggs, and fierce wind, thunder, and rain uprooted trees.
129
廣明元年四月甲申朔，汝州大雨風，拔街衢樹十二三； 東都有雲起西北，大風隨之，長夏門內表道古槐樹自拔者十五六，宮殿鴟尾皆落，雨雹大如杯，鳥獸殪於川澤。 黑眚黑祥大曆二年十二月戊戌，黑氣如塵，彌漫于北方。 黑氣，陰沴也。
On the first day of the month, jiashen, in the fourth month of Guangming 1 (880), heavy rain and wind in Ruzhou uprooted twelve or thirteen trees along the avenues; In the Eastern Capital clouds billowed from the northwest, followed by a great gale; inside Changxia Gate along the ceremonial avenue fifteen or sixteen ancient locust trees tore themselves from the earth, every finial on the palace halls crashed down, hail fell as large as cups, and birds and beasts perished in rivers and marshes. Black omens and black auspices—On wuxu day in the twelfth month of Dali 2 (767), black vapor like dust spread across the northern sky. Black vapor is the mark of yin forces violating their proper balance.
130
貞元四年七月，自陝至河陰，河水黑，流入汴，至汴州城下，一宿而復。 近黑祥也。 占曰：「法嚴刑酷，傷水性也。 五行變節，陰陽相干，氣色繆亂，皆敗亂之象。」 十四年，潤州有黑氣如隄，自海門山橫亙江中，與北固山相峙，又有白氣如虹自金山出，與黑氣交，將旦而沒。
In the seventh month of Zhenyuan 4 (788), from Shan to Heyin the river water turned black, flowed into the Bian Canal, reached the walls of Bianzhou, and after one night reverted. This approached a black auspice. Prognostication states: "Harsh laws and cruel punishments wound the element of water. The Five Phases lose their proper seasons, yin and yang clash, qi and color fall into chaos—these are all signs of ruin and rebellion." In the fourteenth year of Zhenyuan (798), Runzhou saw black vapor like an earthen dike stretch from Haimen Mountain across the river to stand opposite Beigu Mountain; white vapor like a rainbow rose from Jinshan and crossed the black vapor, then faded at dawn.
131
大和四年正月壬寅，黑氣如帶，東西際天。
On renyin day in the first month of Dahe 4 (830), a belt of black vapor stretched from horizon to horizon, east to west.
132
咸通十四年七月，僖宗即位，是日，黑氣如盤，自天屬含元殿庭。 火沴水武德九年二月，蒲州河清。 襄楷以為：「河，諸侯象； 清，陽明之效也。」
In the seventh month of Xiantong 14 (873), as Emperor Xizong took the throne, black vapor like a platter descended from the sky onto the courtyard of Hanyuan Hall. Fire injuring water—In the second month of Wude 9 (626), the river at Puzhou ran clear. Xiang Kai held that "the river symbolizes the feudal lords; and clarity is the manifestation of yang's radiant virtue."
133
貞觀十四年二月，陝州、泰州河清。 十六年正月，懷州河清。 十七年十二月，鄭州、滑州河清。 二十三年四月，靈州河清。
In the second month of Zhenguan 14 (640), the rivers at Shanzhou and Taizhou ran clear. In the first month of Zhenguan 16 (642), the river at Huaizhou ran clear. In the twelfth month of Zhenguan 17 (643), the rivers at Zhengzhou and Huazhou ran clear. In the fourth month of Zhenguan 23 (649), the river at Lingzhou ran clear.
134
永徽元年正月，濟州河清。 二年十二月，衞州河清。 五年六月，濟州河清十六里。
In the first month of Yonghui 1 (650), the river at Jizhou ran clear. In the twelfth month of Yonghui 2 (651), the river at Weizhou ran clear. In the sixth month of Yonghui 5 (654), the river at Jizhou ran clear for sixteen li.
135
調露二年夏，豐州河清。
In the summer of Tiaolu 2 (679), the river at Fengzhou ran clear.
136
長安初，醴泉坊太平公主第井水溢流。 又幷州文水縣猷水竭，武氏井溢。
At the outset of the Chang'an era (701), the well at Princess Taiping's mansion in Liquan Ward overflowed. In Bingzhou the You River in Wenshui County ran dry while a well belonging to the Wu clan brimmed over.
137
神龍二年三月壬子，洛陽城東七里，地色如水，樹木車馬，歷歷見影，漸移至都，月餘乃滅。 長安街中，往往見水影。 昔苻堅之將死也，長安嘗有是。
On renzi day in the third month of Shenlong 2 (706), seven li east of Luoyang the ground shone like water, with trees, carriages, and horses casting shadows as clear as reflections; the phenomenon crept toward the capital and did not fade for more than a month. In the streets of Chang'an, phantom water reflections appeared again and again. Long ago, when Fu Jian was nearing his death, the same sign had appeared in Chang'an.
138
景龍四年三月庚申，京師井水溢。 占曰：「君凶。」 又曰：「兵將起。」
On gengshen day in the third month of Jinglong 4 (710), wells throughout the capital brimmed over. Prognostication states: "The ruler faces disaster." It also states: "Armies are about to rise."
139
開元二十二年八月，清夷軍黃帝祠古井湧浪。 二十五年五月，淄州、棣州河清。 二十九年，亳州老子祠九井涸復湧。
In the eighth month of Kaiyuan 22 (734), the ancient well at the Yellow Emperor shrine in Qingyi Army district heaved with surging waves. In the fifth month of Kaiyuan 25 (737), the rivers at Zizhou and Dizhou ran clear. In Kaiyuan 29 (741), nine wells at the shrine of Laozi in Bozhou ran dry and then welled up again.
140
乾元二年七月，嵐州合河關河三十里清如井水，四日而變。
In the seventh month of Qianyuan 2 (759), the river at Hehe Pass in Lanzhou ran as clear as well water for thirty li, then within four days reverted.
141
寶應元年九月甲午，太州至陝州二百餘里河清，澄澈見底。
On jiawu day in the ninth month of Baoying 1 (762), the river from Taizhou to Shanzhou ran clear for more than two hundred li, so limpid one could see the bottom.
142
大曆末，深州束鹿縣中有水影長七八尺，遙望見人馬往來，如在水中，及至前，則不見水。
Near the end of the Dali reign (779–780), Shulu County in Shenzhou produced phantom water reflections seven or eight feet long; from a distance people and horses seemed to move through water, yet up close there was no water at all.
143
建中四年五月乙巳，滑州、濮州河清。
On yisi day in the fifth month of Jianzhong 4 (783), the rivers at Huazhou and Puzhou ran clear.
144
貞元十四年閏五月乙丑，滑州河清。 二十一年夏，越州鏡湖竭。 是歲，朗州熊、武五溪水鬬。 占曰：「山崩川竭，國必亡。」 又曰：「方伯力政，厥異水鬬。」
On yichou day in the intercalary fifth month of Zhenyuan 14 (798), the river at Huazhou ran clear. In the summer of Zhenyuan 21 (805), Mirror Lake in Yuezhou dried up. That same year in Langzhou the Xiong and Wu branches of the Wuxi River clashed—their currents colliding as if at war. Prognostication states: "When mountains collapse and rivers run dry, the state is doomed." It also states: "When regional lords impose their will by force, the portent is rivers at war with one another."
145
開成二年夏，旱，揚州運河竭。
In the summer of Kaicheng 2 (837), during a drought the Grand Canal at Yangzhou ran dry.
146
大中八年正月，陝州河清。
In the first month of Dazhong 8 (854), the river at Shanzhou ran clear.
147
咸通八年七月，泗州下邳雨湯，殺鳥雀。 水沸于火，則可以傷物，近火沴水也。 雨者，自上而降； 鳥雀，民象。
In the seventh month of Xiantong 8 (867), scorching rain fell at Xiapi in Sizhou and killed birds and sparrows. When water boils at fire's touch it can harm living things—this approximates fire injuring water. Rain falls from above; birds and sparrows symbolize the common people.
148
中和三年秋，汴水入于淮水鬬，壞船數艘。
In autumn of the third year of Zhonghe (883), the Bian and Huai clashed and destroyed several boats.
149
廣明元年夏，汝州峴陽峯龍池涸。 近川竭也。
In summer of the first year of Guangming (880), the Dragon Pool on Xianyang Peak in Ru Prefecture ran dry. This was a nearby river running dry.
150
《五行傳》曰：「皇之不極，是謂不建。 厥咎眊，厥罰常陰，厥極弱。 時則有射妖，時則有龍蛇之孽，時則有馬禍，時則有下人伐上之痾，時則有日月亂行，星辰逆行。」 謂木金火水土沴天也。 常陰長安四年，自九月霖雨陰晦，至于神龍元年正月。
The Tradition of the Five Elements says: "When the sovereign fails to reach the ultimate mean, this is called failure to establish. The fault is dim-sightedness; the penalty is persistent gloom; the ultimate consequence is weakness. In such seasons shooting demons appear, dragon-and-snake calamities arise, horse omens manifest, inferiors strike at superiors, the sun and moon lose their courses, and the stars move backward." That is, the calamities in which wood, metal, fire, water, and earth violate Heaven. Persistent gloom: From the ninth month of the fourth year of Chang'an (704) until the first month of Shenlong 1 (705), rain and overcast skies persisted without break.
151
貞元二十一年秋，連月陰霪。
In autumn of the twenty-first year of Zhenyuan (805), unbroken rains darkened the months.
152
元和十五年正月庚辰至于丙申，晝常陰晦，微雨雪，夜則晴霽。 占曰：「晝霧夜晴，臣志得申。」
From gengchen through bingshen in the first month of Yuanhe 15 (820), days stayed under persistent gloom with slight rain and snow while nights cleared. Prognostication states: "Mist by day and clear skies by night mean the minister's design will prevail."
153
咸通十四年七月，靈州陰晦。
In the seventh month of the fourteenth year of Xiantong (873), Lingzhou lay under gloom.
154
乾符六年秋，多雲霧晦冥，自旦及禺中乃解。
In autumn of the sixth year of Qianfu (879), cloud and mist veiled the sky from dawn until mid-morning, then dispersed.
155
光啟元年秋，河東大雲霧。 明年夏，晝陰積六十日。 二年十一月，淮南陰晦雨雪，至明年二月不解。
In autumn of the first year of Guangqi (885), heavy mist shrouded Hedong. The following summer, dim days piled up for sixty days. In the eleventh month of Guangqi 2 (887), Huainan turned gloomy with rain and snow and did not lift until the second month of the next year.
156
景福二年夏，連陰四十餘日。 霧長壽元年九月戊戌，黃霧四塞。 霧者，百邪之氣，為陰冒陽，本于地而應于天； 黃為土，土為中宮。
In summer of the second year of Jingfu (893), unbroken overcast lasted more than forty days. Mist: On wuxu in the ninth month of the first year of Changshou (694), yellow mist closed in on all four sides. Mist is the breath of a hundred malign forces: yin overspreads yang, springing from earth and answering in heaven; Yellow belongs to earth, and earth is the Central Palace.
157
神龍二年三月乙巳，黃霧四塞。
On yisi in the third month of Shenlong 2 (706), yellow mist closed in on every side.
158
景龍二年八月甲戌，黃霧昏濁不雨。 二年正月丁卯，黃霧四塞。 十一月甲寅，日入後，昏霧四塞，經二日乃止。 占曰：「霧連日不解，其國昏亂。」
On jiaxu in the eighth month of Jinglong 2 (708), yellow mist hung murky and dim, yet no rain fell. On dingmao in the first month of Jinglong 2, yellow mist closed in on every side. On jiayin in the eleventh month, after sunset dusk mist sealed the four quarters and lasted two days before lifting. Prognostication states: "When mist hangs day after day without dispersing, the realm sinks into disorder."
159
開元五年正月戊辰，昏霧四塞。
On wuchen in the first month of Kaiyuan 5 (717), dusk mist closed in on every side.
160
天寶十四載冬三月，常霧起昏暗，十步外不見人，是謂晝昏。 占曰：「有破國。」
In the winter of the third month of Tianbao 14 (755), mist kept rising until noon stayed dark: at ten paces one could not see another person. This is called daytime gloom. Prognostication states: "A realm will be broken."
161
至德二載四月，賊將武令珣圍南陽，白霧四塞。
In the fourth month of Zhide 2 (757), the rebel general Wu Lingxun besieged Nanyang, and white mist closed in on every side.
162
上元元年閏四月，大霧。 占曰：「兵起。」
In the intercalary fourth month of Shangyuan 1 (760), a heavy mist fell. Prognostication states: "War will arise."
163
貞元十年三月乙亥，黃霧四塞，日無光。
On yihai in the third month of Zhenyuan 10 (794), yellow mist sealed the four quarters and the sun lost its light.
164
咸通九年十一月，龐勛圍徐州，甲辰，大霧昏塞，至于丙午。
In the eleventh month of Xiantong 9 (868), Pang Xun besieged Xuzhou; on jiachen a dense mist darkened the land until bingwu.
165
光化四年冬，昭宗在東內，武德門內煙霧四塞，門外日色皎然。 虹蜺武德初，隋將堯君素守蒲州，有白虹下城中。
In winter of Guanghua 4 (901), with Emperor Zhaozong in the Eastern Inner Palace, smoke and mist sealed the four sides within the Wude Gate, yet outside the gate the sunlight shone clear. Rainbow: Early in Wude (618), while the Sui general Yao Junsu held Pu Prefecture, a white rainbow descended into the city.
166
唐隆元年六月戊子，虹蜺亙天。 蜺者，斗之精。 占曰：「后妃陰脅王者。」 又曰：「五色迭至，照于宮殿，有兵。」
On wuzi in the sixth month of Tanglong 1 (710), a rainbow stretched across the sky. The secondary arc is the essence of the Dipper constellation. Prognostication states: "Queens and consorts will press upon the king through feminine power." It also states: "When the five colors appear in turn and light the palace halls, armies will rise."
167
延和元年六月，幽州都督孫佺帥兵襲奚，將入賊境，有白虹垂頭于軍門。 占曰：「其下流血。」
In the sixth month of Yanhe 1 (712), Youzhou commissioner Sun Zhen led troops to raid the Xi; just as they were entering hostile ground, a white rainbow hung its head down at the camp gate. Prognostication states: "Blood will flow beneath it."
168
至德二載正月丙子，南陽夜有白虹四，上亙百餘丈。
On bingzi in the first month of Zhide 2 (757), four white rainbows at night in Nanyang stretched upward more than a hundred zhang.
169
元和十三年十二月丙辰，有白虹闊五尺，東西亙天。
On bingchen in the twelfth month of Yuanhe 13 (818), a white rainbow five chi wide arched from horizon to horizon.
170
會昌四年正月己酉，西方有白虹。
On jiyou in the first month of Huichang 4 (844), a white rainbow appeared in the west.
171
咸通元年七月己酉朔，白虹橫亙西方。 九年七月戊戌，白虹橫亙西方。
On the first day, jiyou, of the seventh month of Xiantong 1 (860), a white rainbow stretched across the western sky. In the seventh month of Xiantong 9 (868), on wuxu day, a white rainbow again spanned the west.
172
光啟二年九月，白虹見西方。 十月壬辰夜，又如之。
In the ninth month of Guangqi 2 (886), a white rainbow was seen in the west. On the night of renchen in the tenth month, the same omen appeared again.
173
天復三年三月庚申，有曲虹在日東北。 龍蛇孽貞觀八年七月，隴右大蛇屢見。 蛇，女子之祥； 大者，有所象也。 又汾州青龍見，吐物在空中，光明如火，墮地地陷，掘之得玄金，廣尺，長七寸。
On gengshen in the third month of Tianfu 3 (903), a curved rainbow stood northeast of the sun. Dragon and snake calamities: In the seventh month of Zhenguan 8 (634), great snakes were repeatedly sighted in Longyou. The snake is a woman's omen; when it is large, it images some greater thing. At Fen Prefecture a blue dragon also appeared, vomiting something into the air that blazed like fire; when it struck the ground the earth collapsed, and excavation yielded a block of dark metal a foot wide and seven inches long.
174
顯慶二年五月庚寅，有五龍見于岐州之皇后泉。
On gengyin in the fifth month of Xianqing 2 (657), five dragons were seen at the Queen's Spring in Qi Prefecture.
175
先天二年六月，京師朝堂塼下有大蛇出，長丈餘，有大蝦蟆如盤，而目赤如火，相與鬬，俄而蛇入于大樹，蝦蟆入于草。 蛇、蝦蟆，皆陰類； 朝堂出，非其所也。
In the sixth month of Xiantian 2 (713), beneath the audience-hall paving stones in the capital a serpent more than a zhang long emerged, along with a tray-sized toad whose eyes burned red as coals; the two fought until the serpent slipped into a great tree and the toad into the grass. Snake and toad alike belong to yin; yet to surface at the audience hall is to be far from their proper realm.
176
開元四年六月，郴州馬嶺山下有白蛇與黑蛇鬬，白蛇長六七尺，吞黑蛇，至腹，口眼血流，黑蛇長丈餘，頭穿白蛇腹出，俱死。
In the sixth month of Kaiyuan 4 (716), below Ma Ridge in Chenzhou, a white serpent six or seven chi long battled a black serpent. The white snake swallowed the black to its belly, blood streaming from mouth and eyes, until the black serpent—a full zhang and more—drove its head out through the white snake's belly; both died.
177
天寶中，洛陽有巨蛇，高丈餘，長百尺，出芒山下，胡僧無畏見之曰：「此欲決水瀦洛城。」 即以天竺法呪之，數日蛇死。 十四載七月，有二龍鬬于南陽城西。 易坤：「上六，龍戰于野。」 文言曰：「陰疑于陽必戰。」
During the Tianbao reign, a serpent rose below Mang Mountain at Luoyang, more than a zhang tall and a hundred chi long. The foreign monk Wuwei saw it and said, "It means to break the waters and drown Luoyang." He cast an Indian spell upon it, and within days the serpent was dead. In the seventh month of Tianbao 14 (755), two dragons fought west of Nanyang. The Changes, Kun: "The top line: dragons battle in the wild." The Commentary on the Words says, "When yin grows doubtful of yang, battle is inevitable."
178
至德元載八月朔，成都丈人廟有肉角蛇見。 二載三月，有蛇鬬于南陽門之外，一蛇死，一蛇上城。
On the first day of the eighth month of Zhide 1 (756), a fleshy-horned serpent appeared at the Zhangren Shrine in Chengdu. In the third month of Zhide 2 (757), serpents fought outside the Nanyang Gate; one died and one scaled the city wall.
179
建中二年夏，趙州寧晉縣沙河北，有棠樹甚茂，民祠之為神。 有蛇數百千自東西來，趨北岸者聚棠樹下，為二積，留南岸者為一積，俄有徑寸龜三，繞行，積蛇盡死，而後各登其積。 野人以告。 蛇腹皆有瘡，若矢所中。 刺史康日知圖其事，奉三龜來獻。 四年九月戊寅，有龍見于汝州城壕。 龍，大人象，其潛也淵，其飛也天； 城壕，失其所也。
In the summer of Jianzhong 2 (781), on the north bank of the Sha River at Ningjin in Zhao Prefecture, a crabapple tree grew extravagantly lush, and the people worshipped it as a god. Hundreds upon hundreds of serpents came from east and west. Those racing to the north bank heaped themselves in two mounds beneath the crabapple; those left on the south bank formed a third. Then three inch-wide tortoises circled the mounds until every serpent lay dead, after which each tortoise climbed its mound. Country folk reported what they had seen. Every serpent's belly bore wounds as though pierced by arrows. Prefect Kang Rizhi recorded the event and sent the three tortoises up as tribute. On wuyin in the ninth month of Jianzhong 4 (783), a dragon was seen in the moat of Ruzhou. The dragon images the great man: in hiding it belongs to the deep, in flight to heaven; yet a city moat is nowhere for it to be.
180
貞元末，資州得龍丈餘，西川節度使韋臯匣而獻之，百姓縱觀，三日，為煙所薰而死。
Near the end of Zhenyuan, Zizhou caught a dragon more than a zhang long. The Xichuan commissioner Wei Gao boxed it and sent it up; the people thronged to look for three days until smoke suffocated it to death.
181
大和二年六月丁丑，西北有龍鬬。 三年，成都門外有龍與牛鬬。
On dingchou in the sixth month of Dahe 2 (828), dragons battled in the northwest. In Dahe 3 (829), outside the Chengdu city gate a dragon fought an ox.
182
開成元年，宮中有眾蛇相與鬬。
In Kaicheng 1 (836), a host of serpents battled one another inside the palace.
183
光化三年九月，杭州有龍鬬于浙江，水溢，壞民廬舍。 占同天寶十四載。
In the ninth month of Guanghua 3 (900), at Hangzhou dragons fought on the Zhe River; the waters rose and wrecked the people's dwellings. The prognostication matches Tianbao 14 (755).
184
光啟二年冬，鄜州洛交有蛇見于縣署，復見于州署。 蛇，冬則蟄，易曰：「龍蛇之蟄，以存身也。」 馬禍義寧二年|618年五月戊申，有馬生角，長二寸，末有肉。 角者，兵象。
In the winter of Guangqi 2 (886), at Luojiao in Fuzhou a serpent appeared in the county yamen and again in the prefectural yamen. Snakes hibernate in winter; the Changes say, "Dragon and snake hibernate to preserve the body." Horse calamities: On wushen in the fifth month of Yining 2 (618), a horse sprouted horns two inches long, fleshy at the tips. Horns image armies.
185
武德三年十月，王世充偽左僕射韋霽馬生角，當項。
In the tenth month of Wude 3 (620), Wei Ji, bogus Left Vice Director under Wang Shichong, had a horse grow horns at the nape.
186
永隆二年，監牧馬大死，凡十八萬疋。 馬者，國之武備，天去其備，國將危亡。
In Yonglong 2 (681), stud horses died in vast numbers—one hundred eighty thousand head in all. Horses are the state's martial readiness; when Heaven strips that readiness away, the realm faces ruin.
187
文明初，新豐有馬生駒，二首同項，各有口鼻，生而死。 又咸陽牝馬生石，大如升，上微有綠毛。 皆馬禍也。
Early in Wenming (684), at Xinfeng a mare foaled twins with two heads on one neck, each bearing mouth and nostrils; the foal lived only to die. At Xianyang a mare also expelled a stone the size of a sheng, faintly tufted with green hair. All were horse calamities.
188
開元十二年五月，太原獻異馬駒，兩肋各十六，肉尾無毛。 二十五年，濮州有馬生駒，肉角。 二十九年三月，滑州刺史李邕獻馬，肉鬉鱗臆，嘶不類馬，日行三百里。
In the fifth month of Kaiyuan 12 (724), Taiyuan presented a strange foal with sixteen ribs on each flank and a fleshy, hairless tail. In Kaiyuan 25 (737), at Puzhou a mare foaled a colt bearing fleshy horns. In the third month of Kaiyuan 29, Li Yong, prefect of Huazhou, presented a horse with a fleshlike mane and scale-patterned breast; its cry was unlike any horse's, and it could travel three hundred li in a day.
189
建中四年五月，滑州馬生角。
In the fifth month of Jianzhong 4, horses in Huazhou grew horns.
190
大和九年八月，易定馬飲水，因吐珠一，以獻。
In the eighth month of Dahe 9, horses in Yiding drank water and expelled a pearl, which was presented to the court.
191
開成元年六月，揚州民明齊家馬生角，長一寸三分。
In the sixth month of Kaicheng 1, a horse belonging to the Yangzhou commoner Ming Qi grew a horn one cun and three fen in length.
192
會昌元年四月，桂州有馬生駒，三足，能隨羣于牧。
In the fourth month of Huichang 1, a Guizhou mare foaled a three-legged colt that could nonetheless follow the herd on the pasture.
193
咸通三年，郴州馬生角。 十一年，沁州綿上及和川牡馬生子，皆死。 京房易傳曰：「方伯分威，厥妖牡馬生子。」
In Xiantong 3, horses in Chenzhou grew horns. In Xiantong 11, at Mianshang in Qinzhou and at Hechuan, stallions foaled, and all the births died. Jing Fang's Commentary on the Changes states: "When regional lords divide power among themselves, the portent is a stallion that foals."
194
乾符二年，河北馬生人。
In Qianfu 2, horses in Hebei gave birth to what appeared to be human infants.
195
中和元年九月，長安馬生人。 京房易傳曰：「諸侯相伐，厥妖馬生人。」 一曰：「人流亡。」 二年二月，蘇州嘉興馬生角。
In the ninth month of Zhonghe 1, horses in Chang'an gave birth to human-shaped creatures. Jing Fang's Commentary on the Changes states: "When feudal lords make war upon one another, the portent is a horse that delivers a human." Another tradition reads: "The people disperse into exile." In the second month of Zhonghe 2, a horse in Jiaxing, Suzhou, grew horns.
196
光啟二年夏四月，僖宗在鳳翔，馬尾皆咤蓬如篲。 咤，怒象。
In the fourth month of summer in Guangqi 2, while Emperor Xizong was at Fengxiang, every horse's tail bristled upright like the splints of a broom. "Zha" denotes an omen of wrath.
197
文德元年，李克用獻馬二，肘膝皆有鬣，長五寸許，蹄大如七寸甌。 人痾武德四年，太原尼志覺死，十日而蘇。
In Wende 1, Li Keyong presented two horses with mane growing on their elbows and knees, some five cun in length, and hooves as broad as a seven-cun bowl. Human deformity omens. In Wude 4, the Taiyuan nun Zhi Jue died and came back to life ten days later.
198
貞觀十九年，衞州人劉道安頭生肉角，隱見不常，因以惑眾，伏誅。 角，兵象； 肉，不可以觸者。
In Zhenguan 19, Liu Dao'an of Weizhou grew a flesh horn on his head that flickered in and out of sight; he used it to mislead crowds and was put to death. Horns are an omen of war. Flesh [as horn] is not something one may touch.
199
永徽六年，淄州高苑民吳威妻、嘉州民辛道護妻皆一產四男。 凡物反常則為妖，亦陰氣盛則母道壯也。
In Yonghui 6, Wu Wei's wife of Gaoyuan in Zizhou and Xin Daohu's wife of Jiazhou each bore four sons in a single birth. Whenever creatures violate their proper form they become portents; it also means that when yin force grows overpowering, the maternal principle asserts itself.
200
顯慶三年，普州有人化為虎。 虎，猛噬而不仁。
In Xianqing 3, a man in Puzhou transformed into a tiger. The tiger devours fiercely and knows no mercy.
201
儀鳳三年四月，涇州獻二小兒，連心異體。 初，鶉觚縣衞士胡萬年妻吳生一男一女，其胸相連，餘各異體，乃析之，則皆死； 又產，復然，俱男也，遂育之，至是四歲，以獻于朝。
In the fourth month of Yifeng 3, Jingzhou presented two infants joined at the chest but otherwise separate in body. Earlier, Wu, wife of Hu Wannian, a guardsman of Chiguo County, had borne a boy and a girl joined at the chest while the rest of their bodies diverged; when surgeons separated them, both died. She conceived again with the same outcome—again both boys—and this time they were reared; they were now four years old and were presented to the court.
202
永隆元年，長安獲女魃，長尺有二寸，其狀怪異。 詩曰：「旱魃為虐，如炎如焚。」 是歲秋，不雨，至于明年正月。
In Yonglong 1, Chang'an officials seized a female drought demon a chi and two cun tall, of bizarre form. The Book of Odes says: "The drought demon wreaks havoc, blazing as flame, burning as fire." That autumn brought no rain, and the drought lasted until the first month of the following year.
203
永隆二年九月，萬年縣女子劉凝靜衣白衣，從者數人，升太史令廳，問比有何災異。 令執之以聞。 是夜，彗星見。 太史司天文、曆候，王者所以奉若天道、恭授民時者，非女子所當問。
In the ninth month of Yonglong 2, Liu Ningjing, a woman of Wannian County, clad in white and attended by several followers, entered the Grand Astrologer's hall and inquired what recent calamities and anomalies there had been. The director had her seized and reported the matter. That same night a comet appeared. The Grand Astrologer's office watches the heavens, calendrics, and omens on the ruler's behalf, so that he may align with heaven's way and grant the seasons to his people — work no woman should presume to question.
204
載初中，涪州民范端化為虎。
In the early Zaichu era, Fan Duan, a commoner of Fu Prefecture, transformed into a tiger.
205
神功元年一月庚子，有人走入端門，又入則天門，至通天宮，閽及仗衞不之覺。 時來俊臣婢產肉塊如二升器，剖之有赤蟲，須臾化為蜂，螫人而去。
On the first-month gengzi day of Shendgong 1, a man passed through the Duan Gate and then the Zetian Gate all the way to the Tongtian Palace, yet neither gate guards nor armed escorts perceived him. About that time a maid of Lai Junchen bore a flesh mass the size of a two-sheng jar; when it was cut open, red worms inside instantly became bees that stung people and flew off.
206
久視二年正月，成州有大人跡見。
In the first month of Jiushi 2, giant human footprints were seen in Chengzhou.
207
長安中，郴州佐史因病化為虎，欲食其嫂，擒之，乃人也，雖未全化，而虎毛生矣。
During the Chang'an era, a Chenzhou clerical aide who fell ill began turning into a tiger and tried to eat his sister-in-law; when seized he was still human, yet not fully so, for tiger hair had already sprouted on his body.
208
太極元年，狂人段萬謙潛入承天門，登太極殿，升御牀，自稱天子，且言：「我李安國也，人相我年三十二當為天子。」
In Taiji 1, the madman Duan Wanqian slipped through the Chengtian Gate, mounted the Taiji Hall, climbed onto the imperial couch, proclaimed himself emperor, and declared: "I am Li Anguo; fortune-tellers say that at thirty-two I shall be emperor."
209
開元二十三年四月，冀州獻長人李家寵，八尺有五寸。
In the fourth month of Kaiyuan 23, Jizhou presented the exceptionally tall Li Jiachong, measuring eight chi and five cun.
210
大曆十年二月，昭應婦人張產一男二女。
In the second month of Dali 10, Zhang, a woman of Zhaoying, bore one son and two daughters.
211
貞元八年正月丁亥，許州人李狗兒持仗上含元殿擊欄檻，伏誅。 十年四月，恆州有巨人跡見。 十五年正月戊申，狂人劉忠詣銀臺，稱白起令上表，天下有火災。 十七年十一月，翰林待詔戴少平死十有六日而蘇。 是歲，宣州南陵縣丞李嶷死，已殯三十日而蘇。
On the dinghai day of the first month in Zhenyuan 8, Li Gou'er of Xuzhou stormed the Hanyuan Hall armed and beat on the balustrade; he was put to death. In the fourth month of Zhenyuan 10, giant footprints were seen in Hengzhou. On the wushen day of the first month in Zhenyuan 15, the madman Liu Zhong came to the Yintai Gate, declaring that Bai Qi had commanded him to submit a memorial warning of fire disasters across the land. In the eleventh month of Zhenyuan 17, Dai Shaoping, a Hanlin Academician awaiting edicts, died and returned to life sixteen days later. That same year Li Yao, assistant magistrate of Nanling in Xuanzhou, died and came back to life thirty days after his interment.
212
元和二年，商州洪崖冶役夫將化為虎，眾以水沃之，不果化。
In Yuanhe 2, a smelter at Hongya in Shangzhou was on the verge of turning into a tiger; the workers poured water over him, and the transformation failed to complete.
213
長慶四年三月，民徐忠信潛入浴堂門。
In the third month of Changqing 4 (824), a commoner named Xu Zhongxin sneaked into the imperial bathhouse gate.
214
寶曆二年十二月，延州人賀文妻一產四男。
In the twelfth month of Baoli 2 (826), He Wen's wife in Yanzhou gave birth to quadruplets—all boys.
215
大和二年十月，狂人劉德廣入含元殿。
In the tenth month of Dahe 2 (828), a madman named Liu Deguang entered the Hanyuan Hall.
216
咸通七年，渭州有人生角寸許。 占曰：「天下有兵。」 十三年四月，太原晉陽民家有嬰兒，兩頭異頸，四手聯足。 此天下不一之妖。 是歲，民皇甫及年十四，暴長七尺餘，長啜大嚼，三倍如初，歲餘死。
In Xiantong 7 (866), a man in Weizhou grew horns roughly a cun in length. The prognostication states: "War will spread across the realm." In the fourth month of Xiantong 13 (872), a commoner household at Jinyang in Taiyuan had an infant with two heads on one neck and four arms sharing joined feet. This was a portent of a fractured realm. That same year a commoner named Huangfu Ji, fourteen years old, shot up to over seven chi; he drank and gorged at triple his usual appetite, then died a little more than a year later.
217
乾符六年秋，蜀郡婦人尹生子首如豕，目在脽下。 占曰：「君失道。」
In the autumn of Qianfu 6 (879), a woman surnamed Yin in Shu commandery bore a child with a piglike head and eyes set beneath the rump. The prognostication states: "The ruler has lost the Way."
218
光啟元年，隰州溫泉民家有死者，既葬且半月，行人聞聲呼地下，其家發之，則復生，歲餘乃死。 二年春，鳳翔郿縣女子未齓化為丈夫，旬日而死。 京房易傳曰：「茲謂陰昌，賊人為王。」
In Guangqi 1 (885), in a household at Wenquan in Xizhou a man had died and been buried; half a month later travelers heard someone calling from beneath the ground; when the family opened the grave he revived, only to die again a year or so later. In the spring of Guangqi 2 (886), a girl in Meixian, Fengxiang, who had not yet shed her baby teeth turned into a man and died ten days later. Jing Fang's Book of Changes says: "This is yin run riot; brigands will make themselves kings."
219
大順元年六月，資州兵王全義妻如孕，覺物漸下入股，至足大拇，痛甚，坼而生珠如彈丸，漸長大如杯。
In the sixth month of Dashun 1 (890), the wife of Zizhou soldier Wang Quanyi seemed pregnant; she felt something work downward into her thigh and down to her big toe, with agonizing pain; her flesh split open and disgorged a pearl the size of a pellet that slowly swelled to the size of a cup.
220
天祐二年五月，潁州汝陰民彭文妻一產三男。 疫貞觀十年，關內、河東大疫。 十五年三月，澤州疫。 十六年夏，穀、涇、徐、戴、虢五州疫。 十七年夏，潭、濠、廬三州疫。 十八年，廬、濠、巴、普、郴五州疫。 二十二年，卿州大疫。
In the fifth month of Tianyou 2 (905), Peng Wen's wife in Ruyin, Yingzhou, gave birth to triplets—all boys. Plague. In Zhenguan 10 (636), Guannei and Hedong suffered a great epidemic. In the third month of Zhenguan 15 (641), Ze Prefecture was stricken with plague. In the summer of Zhenguan 16 (642), plague struck Gu, Jing, Xu, Dai, and Guo prefectures. In the summer of Zhenguan 17 (643), Tan, Hao, and Lu prefectures were stricken. In Zhenguan 18 (644), Lu, Hao, Ba, Pu, and Chen prefectures suffered plague. In Zhenguan 22 (648), Qing Prefecture suffered a great epidemic.
221
永徽六年三月，楚州大疫。
In the third month of Yonghui 6 (655), Chuzhou suffered a great plague.
222
永淳元年冬，大疫，兩京死者相枕於路。 占曰：「國將有恤，則邪亂之氣先被于民，故疫。」
In the winter of Yongchun 1 (682), a great epidemic swept the land; in the two capitals the dead lay heaped along the roads. The prognostication states: "When the realm is headed for catastrophe, malign and rebellious forces strike the people first—hence epidemic plague."
223
景龍元年夏，自京師至山東、河北疫，死者千數。
In the summer of Jinglong 1 (707), plague spread from the capital to Shandong and Hebei, killing thousands.
224
寶應元年，江東大疫，死者過半。
In Baoying 1 (762), Jiangdong suffered a great epidemic; more than half the people died.
225
貞元六年夏，淮南、浙西、福建道疫。
In the summer of Zhenyuan 6 (790), plague ravaged Huainan, Zhexi, and Fujian circuits.
226
元和元年夏，浙東大疫，死者太半。
In the summer of Yuanhe 1 (806), Zhedong suffered a great plague; well over half the people died.
227
大和六年春，自劍南至浙西大疫。
In the spring of Dahe 6 (832), a great epidemic ran from Jiannan to Zhexi.
228
開成五年夏，福、建、台、明四州疫。
In the summer of Kaicheng 5 (840), Fu, Jian, Tai, and Ming prefectures were stricken.
229
咸通十年，宣、歙、兩浙疫。
In Xiantong 10 (869), plague struck Xuanzhou, Shezhou, and both Zhe circuits.
230
大順二年春，淮南疫，死者十三四。 天鳴天寶十四載五月，天鳴，聲若雷。 占曰：「人君有憂。」
In the spring of Dashun 2 (891), Huainan was ravaged by plague; three or four out of every ten died. Heaven's cry. In the fifth month of Tianbao 14 (755), a heaven's cry sounded like thunder. The prognostication states: "The sovereign will face grief."
231
貞元二十一年八月，天鳴，在西北。
In the eighth month of Zhenyuan 21 (805), a heaven's cry was heard in the northwest.
232
中和三年三月，浙西天鳴，聲如轉磨。 無雲而雨元和十二年正月乙酉，星見而雨。 占曰：「無雲而雨，是謂天泣。」 隕石永徽四年八月己亥，隕石于同州馮翊十八，光耀，有聲如雷。 近星隕而化也。 庶民惟星，自上而隕，民去其上之象。 一曰：「人君為詐妄所蔽則然。」
In the third month of Zhonghe 3 (883), western Zhe heard a heaven's cry like a millstone grinding. Rain without clouds. On the yiyou day of the first month in Yuanhe 12 (817), stars showed forth and rain fell. The prognostication states: "Rain without cloud cover is called heaven weeping." Meteorites. On the jihai day of the eighth month in Yonghui 4 (653), meteorites fell in eighteen locations at Fengyi in Tongzhou, blazing bright, with a thunderous roar. They are shooting stars that have transmuted as they fall. The common folk are likened to stars; a fall from on high images the people deserting their superiors. Another reading states: "This happens when the sovereign is blinded by deceit and falsehood."
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Collation Notes