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卷四十一 志第三十一 地理五

Volume 41 Treatises 35: Gepgraphy 5

Chapter 41 of 新唐書 · New Book of Tang
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1
綿 |742 綿殿 使 使 鹿 宿 鹿
The Huainan Circuit covered the ancient Yangzhou region—in Han times the commanderies of Jiujiang, Lujiang, Jiangxia, and the like, along with Guangling, the kingdom of Liu'an, and portions of Nanyang, Runan, and Linhuai. Yang, Chu, Chuzhou, He, Lu, Shou, and Shu fell within the Xingji division; An, Huang, Shen, Guang, and Qi within the Quewei division. It comprised twelve prefectures and fifty-three counties. Its notable mountains were Mount Qian, Mount Tianzhu, Mount Luo, Mount Tu, and Mount Bagong. Its principal waterways were the Chu River, the Fei River, and Lake Chaohu. Its assessed tribute in kind included zhi silk, silk gauze, cotton, and cloth. Its court tribute comprised silk, cloth, ramie, and kudzu cloth. Yang Prefecture (Guangling commandery), a great-protectorate prefecture. Formerly Jiangdu commandery under southern Yan Prefecture. In Wude 7 it was renamed Han Prefecture after the Han Canal; in year 9 Yangzhou was restored; in Tianbao 1 (742) the commandery designation was revised. Local tribute included gold, silver, bronze ware, bronze mirrors, cotton, brocades for foreign merchants' robes and quilts, half-sleeve brocades, single-pattern damask, hall-eave rush mats, water-rhinoceros hide armor, yellow glutinous rice, black-joint rice, fish milt and paste, sugar-preserved crabs, honeyed ginger, lotus root, refined iron, azurite, white cogongrass, dodder seed, snake millet, and kudzu starch. It had two coin-mint superintendencies, at Danyang and Guangling. It registered 77,105 households and 467,857 persons. Seven counties. It had four military prefectures: Jiangping, Xinlin, Fangshan, and Hanjiang. The counties were Jiangdu, Jiangyang, Liuhe, Hailing, and Gaoyou, all upper grade. An embankment there irrigates several thousand qing of fields; the military governor Li Jifu built it in the Yuanhe period. Yangzi and Tianchang counties. Chu Prefecture (Huaiyin commandery), dense-ranked. Originally the lands of Shanyang and Anyi in Jiangdu commandery; Zang Junxiang seized them and called the seat Eastern Chu Prefecture. In Wude 4 Junxiang submitted and the prefecture was established accordingly; in year 8 it received its present name. Local tribute included coarse cloth and ramie cloth. It registered 26,062 households and 153,000 persons. Four counties. Shanyang, upper grade. The Changfeng weir was installed in the Dali period by the promotion-and-demotion commissioner Li Cheng to irrigate farmland. Yancheng, Baoying, and Huaiyin counties. Chuzhou Prefecture (Yongyang commandery), upper grade. Established in Wude 3 by splitting off territory from Yang Prefecture. Local tribute included coarse cloth, silk cloth, ramie, thin silk, and hemp. It had two copper mines. It registered 26,486 households and 152,374 persons. Three counties. Qingliu, upper grade. Quanjiao, dense-ranked. Yongyang county. He Prefecture (Liyang commandery), upper grade. Local tribute included ramie cloth. It registered 24,794 households and 122,013 persons. Three counties. It had one military prefecture, Xinchuan. Liyang, upper grade. Mount Daoying, formerly Mount Baishi, and Mount Qiyin, formerly Mount Mei, were both renamed in Tianbao 6. Wujiang and Hanshan counties. Shou Prefecture (Shouchun commandery), a middle great-protectorate prefecture. Formerly Huainan commandery; renamed in Tianbao 1. Local tribute included silk cloth, zhi silk, tea, and fresh dendrobium. It registered 35,581 households and 187,587 persons. Five counties. Shouchun, upper grade. Mount Bagong lies within the prefecture. Anfeng, Shengtang, Huoqiu, and Huoshan counties. Upper grade. In early Tianbao it was split off from Shengtang and established separately. It contains Mount Dabie and Mount Huo. Lu Prefecture (Lujiang commandery), upper grade. Local tribute included patterned gauze, crossed-shuttle silk cloth, tea, wax, butter, venison jerky, and fresh dendrobium. It registered 43,323 households and 205,396 persons. Five counties. Hefei, dense-ranked. Shen county, dense-ranked. Chao and Lujiang counties, dense-ranked. It has Mount Ru and Mount Baimao. Copper is mined there. Shucheng county. Shu Prefecture (Tong'an commandery), upper grade. Renamed Shengtang commandery in Zhide 2, then restored to its former name. Local tribute included ramie cloth, wine vessels, ironware, dendrobium, and wax. It registered 35,353 households and 186,398 persons. Five counties. Huaining, Susong, Wangjiang, Taihu, and Tongcheng counties. Guang Prefecture (Yiyang commandery), upper grade. The seat was originally at Guangshan; in Taiji 1 it was moved to Dingcheng. Local tribute included kudzu cloth and dendrobium. It registered 31,473 households and 198,580 persons. Five counties. Dingcheng, Guangshan, Xianju, Yincheng, and Gushi counties. Upper grade. Qi Prefecture (Qichun commandery), upper grade. Local tribute included white ramie, rush mats, deer-hair brushes, tea, and preserved white-flowered and black snake meat. It registered 26,809 households and 186,849 persons. Four counties. Qichun, Huangmei, Guangji, and Qishui counties. An Prefecture (Anlu commandery), a middle great-protectorate prefecture. Local tribute included blue-green ramie cloth and pickled bamboo-shoot melons. It registered 22,221 households and 171,202 persons. Six counties. It had one military prefecture, Yi'an. Anlu county. Upper grade. Yunmeng, middle grade. Mount Shen lies within the county. Xiaochang, Yingcheng, Jiyang, and Yingshan counties. Huang Prefecture (Qi'an commandery), lower grade. Formerly Yong'an commandery; renamed in Tianbao 1. Local tribute included white ramie cloth, coarse cloth, forsythia, usnea lichen, and gadfly larvae. It registered 15,512 households and 96,368 persons. Three counties. Huanggang, Huangpi, and Macheng counties. Shen Prefecture (Yiyang commandery), middle grade. Local tribute included crimson kudzu cloth, ramie cloth, coarse cloth, tea, and gadfly larvae. It registered 25,864 households and 147,756 persons. Three counties. Yiyang, upper grade. The old Pingjing Pass lies to the south. Zhongshan county. Upper grade. Luoshan county.
2
使 綿 綿 綿 綿𥻶 西 西 使 綿 西 綿 綿 綿 𪓟 西
On the right: the Huainan investigation commissioner, with his seat at Yang Prefecture. The Jiangnan Circuit covered the southern reaches of ancient Yangzhou—in Han times the commanderies of Danyang, Kuaiji, Yuzhang, Lujiang, Lingling, Guiyang, and the like, the kingdom of Changsha, and lands of Zangke, Jiangxia, and Nan commanderies. Run, Sheng, Chang, Su, Hu, Hang, Mu, Yue, Ming, Qu, Chu, Wu, Wen, Tai, Xuan, She, Chi, Hong, Jiang, Rao, Qian, Ji, Yuan, Xin, Fu, Fujian, Jian, Quan, Ting, and Zhang fell within the Xingji division; Yue, E, Tan, Heng, Yong, Dao, Chen, Shao, Qian, Chen, Jin, Shi, Xu, Jiang, Yi, Bo, Si, Fei, Nan, Xi, and Zhen within Quewei. It comprised fifty-one prefectures and two hundred forty-seven counties. Its notable mountains included Mount Heng, Mount Lu, Mount Mao, Mount Jiang, Mount Tianmu, Mount Tiantai, Mount Kuaiji, Mount Siming, Mount Kuocang, Mount Jinyun, Mount Jinhua, Mount Dayu, and Mount Wuyi. Its principal waterways were the Xiang, Gan, Yuan, and Li rivers, the Zhe River, and Lakes Dongting, Poyang, and Taihu. Its assessed tribute in kind included hemp and ramie. Its court tribute comprised gold, silver, gauze, damask, plantain fiber, kudzu cloth, cotton, thin silk, sharkskin, rattan paper, and cinnabar. Jiangnan East Circuit — Run Prefecture, Danyang commandery, illustrious grade. Established in Wude 3 from Yanling County in Jiangdu commandery and named for the Run Ford. Local tribute included gauze robes; damasks in water, square, fish-mouth, embroidered-leaf, and floral patterns; fire-hemp cloth; bamboo root and yellow millet; copper ware from Mount Funiu; sturgeon; and pickled fish. It registered 102,023 households and 662,706 persons. Four counties. Dantu, Danyang, Jintan, and Yanling counties. Sheng Prefecture, Jiangning commandery. Created in Zhide 2 from Jiangning in Run Prefecture, abolished in Shangyuan 2, then restored in Guangqi 3 from Shangyuan, Jurong, Lishui, and Liyang counties. Local tribute included writing brushes and sweet crabapple. Four counties. Shangyuan, Jurong, Lishui, and Liyang counties. Chang Prefecture, Jinling commandery, illustrious grade. Formerly Piling commandery; renamed in Tianbao 1. Local tribute included pongee, silk gauze, cloth, ramie, red and purple cotton kerchiefs, tight gauze, rabbit-fur cloth, black cloth, large and small fragrant rice, dragon-phoenix mats, purple-bamboo-shoot tea, and shuyu fish. It registered 102,633 households and 690,673 persons. Five counties. Jinling, illustrious grade. Wujin, Jiangyin, Yixing, and Wuxi counties. Su Prefecture, Wu commandery, heroic grade. Local tribute included silk kudzu, silk floss, eight-cocoon silk, crimson damask, cloth, white-horn rush mats, grass mats and sandals, large and small fragrant rice, citrus, oranges, lotus root, mullet skin, blowfish, anchovy, duck tripe, fish maw, fish roe, white stone grease, and snake millet. It registered 76,421 households and 632,650 persons. Seven counties. Wu county, illustrious grade. Mount Bao lies within the county. Copper is mined there. Changzhou, Jiaxing, and Kunshan counties, illustrious grade. Changshu, dense-ranked. Haiyan and Huating counties. Upper grade. Established in Tianbao 10 by splitting off territory from Jiaxing. Hu Prefecture, Wuxing commandery, upper grade. Established in Wude 4 from Wucheng County in Wu commandery. Local tribute included imperial garments, bird-eye damask, folded black cloth, cotton pongee, cloth, ramie, glutinous rice, yellow husked rice, purple-bamboo-shoot tea, papaya, Hangzhou chestnuts, milk tangerines, honey, and Golden Sand Spring water. It registered 73,306 households and 477,698 persons. Five counties. Wucheng, illustrious grade. One hundred twenty-three li east lies the official pond, opened in the Yuanhe period by Prefect Fan Chuanzheng. Twenty-five li southeast is the Lingbo embankment, opened in the Baoli period by Prefect Cui Xuanliang. Two li north is Pufan Pond, opened by Prefect Yang Hangong; rush sails were found when it was dug, giving the pond its name. Mount Bian lies within the prefecture. Lake Tai lies here, spanning the borders of Hu, Xuan, Chang, and Su prefectures. Wukang, Changcheng, Anji, and Deqing counties. Hang Prefecture, Yuhang commandery, upper grade. Local tribute included white woven damask, crimson damask, rattan paper, papaya, oranges, honeyed ginger, dried ginger, Job's tears, and achyranthes root. It had two salt superintendencies, at Linping and Xinting. It registered 86,258 households and 585,963 persons. Eight counties. Qiantang, Yanguan, and Yuhang counties, illustrious grade. Upper Lake lies five li south and Lower Lake two li west; in the Baoli period Magistrate Gui Yao restored them on the site of Han Magistrate Chen Hun's works. North Lake, three li north, was also opened by Gui Yao and irrigates more than a thousand qing of fields. Gui Yao also built a causeway to the great northwest road—lofty, broad, and straight for more than a hundred li—so travelers need not fear mountains or rivers. Copper is mined there. Fuyang county. Yuqian, Lin'an, Xincheng, and Tangshan counties. Mu Prefecture, Xinding commandery, upper grade. Formerly Sui'an commandery, with its seat at Mount Zhi. Renamed Eastern Mu Prefecture in Wude 7, then restored to its former name in year 8. The seat was moved to Jiande in Wansui Tongtian 2. The commandery was renamed in Tianbao 1. Local tribute included patterned damask, rush mats, white quartz, silver flowers, and fine tea. It had two copper mines. It registered 54,961 households and 382,563 persons. Six counties. It had the Sanhe garrison. Jiande, Qingxi, Shouchang, Tonglu, Fenshui, and Sui'an counties. Upper grade. Mount Shiying yields white quartz for tribute. Copper is mined there. Yue Prefecture, Kuaiji commandery, a middle great-protectorate prefecture. Local tribute included treasure-flower and floral gauze robes; white woven, crossed-shuttle, and ten-pattern floral damasks; light gauze, raw crepe, and floral gauze; Wu silk; cinnabar; rock honey; oranges; kudzu starch; porcelain; paper; and writing brushes. It had the Lanting salt superintendency. It registered 90,279 households and 529,589 persons. Seven counties. Kuaiji, Shanyin, and Zhuji counties, illustrious grade. Silver was smelted there. Two li east is a lake embankment built in the Tianbao period by Magistrate Guo Mizhi, irrigating more than twenty qing of fields. Yuyao, Shan, Xiaoshan, and Shangyu counties. Ming Prefecture, Yuyao commandery, upper grade. In Kaiyuan 26 Investigation Commissioner Qi Huan memorialized to establish it from Mao County in Yue Prefecture, naming it for Mount Siming in the region. Local tribute included Wu damask, crossed-shuttle damask, seafood, shuyu fish, and aconite root. It registered 42,207 households and 207,032 persons. Four counties. It had the Shangting garrison. Mao, Fenghua, Cixi, and Xiangshan counties. Qu Prefecture, Xin'an commandery, upper grade. Established in Wude 4 from Xin'an in Wu Prefecture, abolished in year 6 when Fu Gongshi seized it, then restored in Chuigong 2 from Xin'an, Longqiu, and Changshan in Wu Prefecture. Local tribute included cotton paper and bamboo fans. It registered 68,472 households and 440,411 persons. Four counties. Xi'an, Longqiu, Xujiang, and Changshan counties. Chu Prefecture, Jinyun commandery, upper grade. Formerly Kuo Prefecture and Yongjia commandery; the commandery was renamed in Tianbao 1 and the prefecture in Dali 14. Local tribute included cotton, wax, and coptis. It registered 42,936 households and 258,248 persons. Six counties. Lishui and Songyang counties, upper grade. In the Wude period the county was made into Song Prefecture; the prefecture was abolished in year 8 and the county was attached here. Silver was mined on Mount Ma'an. Jinyun, Qingtian, Suichang, and Longquan counties. Wu Prefecture, Dongyang commandery, upper grade. Local tribute included cotton, kudzu, ramie cloth, rattan paper, lacquer, Chisongjian rice, fragrant japonica rice, kudzu starch, and coptis. It registered 144,086 households and 707,152 persons. Seven counties. Jinhua, Yiwu, Yongkang, Dongyang, Lanxi, Wucheng, and Puyang counties. Upper grade. Established in Tianbao 13 from Yiwu and Lanxi and from Fuyang in Hang Prefecture. Wen Prefecture, Yongjia commandery, upper grade. Established in Shangyuan 1 under Emperor Gaozong from Yongjia and Angu in Kuo Prefecture. Local tribute included cloth, citrus, oranges, sugarcane, and sharkskin. It had the Yongjia salt superintendency. It registered 42,814 households and 241,690 persons. Four counties. Yongjia and Angu counties, upper grade. Copper was mined there. Hengyang and Yuecheng counties. Tai Prefecture, Linhai commandery, upper grade. Formerly Hai Prefecture, established in Wude 4 from Linhai in Yongjia commandery. Local tribute included gold lacquer, sweet citrus, dried ginger, hawksbill aromatics, sharkskin, and flying squirrels. It registered 83,868 households and 489,015 persons. Five counties. Linhai, Tangxing, Huangyan, Le'an, and Ninghai counties. Fu Prefecture, Changle commandery, a middle great-protectorate prefecture. Formerly the seat of Jian'an commandery under Quanzhou; separately established in Wude 6; called Min Prefecture in Jingyun 2; the prefecture was renamed in Kaiyuan 13 and the commandery in Tianbao 1. Local tribute included banana-cloth, sea clams, patterned fans, tea, and olives. It registered 34,084 households and 75,876 persons. Ten counties. Min, Houguan, Changle, Futang, Lianjiang, Changxi, Gutian, Meixi, Yongtai, and Youxi counties. Jian Prefecture, Jian'an commandery, upper grade. Established in Wude 4. Local tribute included banana-cloth, floral silk, and bamboo-fiber cloth. It registered 22,770 households and 142,774 persons. Five counties. Jian'an County, upper grade. Silver and copper were mined there. Shaowu, Pucheng, Jianyang, and Jiangle counties. Quan Prefecture, Qingyuan commandery, upper grade. Formerly Wurong Prefecture, established in Shengli 2 from Nan'an, Putian, and Longxi in Quanzhou, first seated at Nan'an and later at Jinjiang. In year 3 the prefecture was abolished and its counties were restored to Quan Prefecture. It was restored in Jiushi 1. It was renamed in Jingyun 2. Local tribute included cotton, silk, banana-cloth, and kudzu. It registered 23,806 households and 160,295 persons. Four counties. From the prefecture due east by sea, a two-day voyage reaches Gaohua Island, then Biebi Island after two more days, and Liuqiu (Ryukyu) after one day more. Jinjiang, Nan'an, Putian, and Xianyou counties. Ting Prefecture, Linting commandery, lower grade. Established in Kaiyuan 24 by opening the mountain settlements of Fuzhou and Fu Prefecture, first seated at Xinluo and moved to Baishi in Dali 4, all within Changting County. Local tribute included candles. It registered 4,680 households and 13,702 persons. Three counties. Changting County, lower-middle grade. Copper and iron were mined there. Ninghua and Sha counties. Zhang Prefecture, Zhangpu commandery, lower grade. Established in Chuigong 2 from the southwestern part of Fu Prefecture and named for the Zhang River to the south, with Zhangpu and Huai'en counties also created; first seated at Zhangpu, moved to Li'aochuan in Kaiyuan 4 and to Longxi in Qianyuan 2. Local tribute included hawksbill aromatics and sharkskin. It registered 5,846 households and 17,940 persons. Three counties. Longxi, Longyan, and Zhangpu counties.
3
使 西 簿 西 綿
On the right: the Eastern Circuit investigation commissioner, with his seat at Suzhou. Jiangnan West Circuit — Xuan Prefecture, Xuancheng commandery, illustrious grade. Local tribute included silver, bronze ware, thin silk, white ramie, red carpets with silk fringe, rabbit-fur cloth, mats, paper, writing brushes, shuyu fish, coptis, and verdigris. It had one lead pit. It registered 121,204 households and 884,985 persons. Eight counties. Xuancheng, Dangtu, Jing, Guangde, Nanling, and Taiping counties, upper grade. Established in Tianbao 11 from Dangtu and Jing, abolished in the Dali period, and restored in the Yongtai period. Ningguo and Jingde counties. She Prefecture, Xin'an commandery, upper grade. Local tribute included white ramie, mats, paper, and coptis. It registered 38,320 households and 269,109 persons. Six counties. She, dense-ranked. Twelve li southeast is Lügong Shoal, formerly Chelun Shoal, where fierce currents often capsized boats until Prefect Lü Jizhong spent his salary to hire laborers to cut a channel through it and make the water safe. Mount Zhubo lies within the county. Xiuning and You counties, upper grade. Jixi County. Wuyuan and Qimen counties. Chi Prefecture, upper grade. Established in Wude 4 from Qiupu and Nanling in Xuan Prefecture, abolished in Zhenguan 1 with the counties restored to Xuan Prefecture, then re-established in Yongtai 1 from Qiupu and Qingyang in Xuan Prefecture and Zhide in Rao Prefecture. Local tribute included paper and iron. It had one lead pit. Four counties. Qiupu, dense-ranked. Mount Wushi was held in early Guangde by the rebels Chen Zhuang and Fang Qing. Silver and copper were mined there. Qingyang, Zhide, and Shiqian counties. Hong Prefecture (Yuzhang commandery), an upper great-protectorate prefecture. Local tribute included kudzu cloth, silk cloth, plum syrup, and navel oranges. It had one copper mine. It registered 55,530 households and 353,231 persons. Seven counties. Nanchang and Fengcheng, upper grade. During the Tianyou period it was renamed Wugao. Gao'an, Jianchang, Xinwu, Wuning, and Fenning counties. Jiang Prefecture (Xunyang commandery), upper grade. Formerly Jiujiang commandery; renamed in Tianbao 1. Local tribute included kudzu cloth, paper, verdigris, and fresh dendrobium. It registered 19,025 households and 105,744 persons. Three counties. It had garrisons at Hukou and Pencheng. Xunyang, Pengze, and Duchang counties. E Prefecture (Jiangxia commandery), dense-ranked. Local tribute included silver, verdigris, and coarse cloth. It had the Fengshan coin-mint superintendency. It registered 19,190 households and 84,563 persons. Seven counties. Jiangxia, illustrious grade. Iron was mined there. Yongxing and Wuchang, dense-ranked. Mount Fan stood there; silver, copper, and iron were mined. Puchi, upper grade. Tangnian, Hanyang, and Chachuan counties. Yue Prefecture (Baling commandery), middle grade. Formerly Ba Prefecture; renamed in Wude 6. Local tribute included ramie cloth and turtle shells. It registered 11,740 households and 50,298 persons. Five counties. Baling, upper grade. Iron was mined there. Mount Dongting lies there. It stands in Lake Dongting. Huarong and Qiaojiang, middle grade. Formerly Yuanjiang county; renamed during the Qianning period. Xiangyin and Changjiang counties. Rao Prefecture (Poyang commandery), upper grade. Local tribute included flake gold, silver, rush mats, and tea. It had the Yongping coin-mint superintendency. It had three copper mines. It registered 40,899 households and 244,350 persons. Four counties. Poyang, Yugan, Leping, and Fuliang counties. Qian Prefecture (Nankang commandery), upper grade. Local tribute included silk cloth, ramie cloth, bamboo-fiber cloth, rock candy, plums, osmanthus seeds, and spotted bamboo. It registered 37,647 households and 275,410 persons. Seven counties. It had garrison troops at Youkou and the Baizhang garrison. Gan county, upper grade. Qianhua, upper grade. Mount Meiling lies there. Nankang, upper grade. Tin was mined there. Mount Dayu lies there. Yudu, Xinfeng, Dayu, and Anyuan counties. Ji Prefecture (Luling commandery), upper grade. Local tribute included silk and kudzu fiber, ramie cloth, zhichi paper, and spotted bamboo. It registered 37,752 households and 337,032 persons. Five counties. Luling, dense-ranked. Taihe, Anfu, and Xingan, upper grade. Yongxin county. Yuan Prefecture (Yichun commandery), upper grade. Local tribute included white ramie cloth. It had one copper mine. It registered 27,093 households and 144,096 persons. Three counties. Yichun, upper grade. The Yichun Spring there supplied wine sent as tribute. Ten li southwest, the Li Canal—dug by Prefect Li Jiangshun—drew water from Mount Yangshan into the city. Iron was mined there. Pingxiang, upper grade. Xinyu county. Upper grade. The place name was originally written with the character for "crossing"; after the Tianbao era the homophonous character for "allegory" was adopted instead. Xin Prefecture, upper grade. Established in Qianyuan 1 from Yiyang in Rao Prefecture, Changshan and Yushan in Qu Prefecture, and territory of Jian and Fu prefectures. Local tribute included kudzu starch powder. It had the Yushan coin-mint superintendency. It had one copper mine and one lead mine. Four counties. Shangrao and Yiyang, upper grade. Silver was mined there. Guixi and Yushan counties. Upper grade. Established in Zhengsheng 2 from Changshan, Xujiang, and Yiyang. Silver was mined there. Fu Prefecture (Linchuan commandery), upper grade. Local tribute included gold-thread cloth, kudzu cloth, bamboo arrows, and red tangerines. It registered 30,605 households and 176,394 persons. Four counties. Linchuan, upper grade. Gold and silver were mined there. Nancheng, Chongren, and Nanfeng counties. Tan Prefecture (Changsha commandery), a middle great-protectorate prefecture. Local tribute included silk and kudzu fiber, silk cloth, and papaya. It registered 32,272 households and 192,657 persons. Six counties. It had one military prefecture, Changsha. It had garrisons at Lukou and Huashi. It had garrison troops at Qiaokou. Changsha, illustrious grade. Gold was mined there. Xiangtan, dense-ranked. Formerly subordinate to Heng Prefecture; it was reassigned here after the Yuanhe era. Mount Hengshan lies within it. Xiangxiang, Yiyang, Liling, and Liuyang counties. Heng Prefecture (Hengyang commandery), upper grade. Formerly Hengshan commandery; renamed in Tianbao 1. Local tribute included flake gold and cotton paper. It registered 33,688 households and 199,228 persons. Six counties. It had garrisons at Rongfen, Dongkou, and Pingyang. Hengyang, Hengshan, Changning, You, Chaling, and Leiyang counties. Yong Prefecture (Lingling commandery), middle grade. Local tribute included kudzu, arrow bamboo, Lingling incense, rock honey, and stone swallow. It registered 27,494 households and 176,168 persons. Four counties. It had garrison troops at Matian. It had garrisons at Leishi and Luhong. Lingling, upper grade. Qiyang and Xiangyuan, upper grade. Gold and iron were mined there. Guanyang county. Dao Prefecture (Jianghua commandery), middle grade. Formerly Ying Prefecture; established in Wude 4 from Yingdao and Yongyang in Lingling commandery; called South Ying Prefecture in year 5; renamed in Zhenguan 8; abolished into Yong Prefecture in year 17; re-established in Shangyuan 2. Local tribute included white ramie, Lingling incense, and rhinoceros horn. It registered 22,551 households and 139,063 persons. Five counties. Hongdao, Yantang, Jianghua, Yongming, and Dali counties. Chen Prefecture (Guiyang commandery), upper grade. Local tribute included red coin, ramie cloth, and silk cloth. It had the Guiyang coin-mint superintendency. It registered 33,175 households. Eight counties. Chen, upper grade. Mount Maling lies within it. Yizhang and Pingyang, upper grade. Zixing, Gaoting, and Yichang, lower-middle grade. Linwu and Lanshan counties. Shao Prefecture (Shaoyang commandery), lower grade. Formerly South Liang Prefecture; established in Wude 4 by partitioning Shaoyang from Tan Prefecture, with Shaoling and Jianxing counties also set up; renamed in Zhenguan 10. Local tribute included silver and rhinoceros horn. It registered 10,773 households and 71,644 persons. Two counties. Shaoyang and Wugang counties.
4
西使
The Western Circuit investigation commissioner was based at Hong Prefecture. Qiannan Circuit — Qian Prefecture (Qianzhong commandery), a lower great-protectorate prefecture. Formerly Qian'an commandery; renamed in Tianbao 1. Local tribute included rhinoceros horn, bright cinnabar, and wax. It registered 4,270 households and 24,204 persons. Six counties. Pengshui, Qianjiang, and Hongdu, lower-middle grade. Yangshui, Xinning, and Duru counties. Chen Prefecture (Luxi commandery), a middle great-protectorate prefecture. Formerly Yuanling commandery; renamed in Tianbao 1. Local tribute included bright cinnabar, rhinoceros horn, goldthread, and yellow ivory. It registered 4,241 households and 28,554 persons. Five counties. Yuanling, upper grade. Luxi, Xupu, Mayang, and Chenxi counties. Luxi, Xupu, Mayang, and Chenxi were middle grade. Jin Prefecture (Luyang commandery), lower grade. Established in Chuigong 2 from Mayang County territory in Chen Prefecture and the Kai Cave District. Local tribute included bright cinnabar and rhinoceros horn. It registered 2,872 households and 14,374 persons. Five counties. Luyang, lower-middle grade. Zhaoyu, lower-middle grade. Weiyang, lower-middle grade. Changfeng and Luopu counties. Shi Prefecture (Qinghua commandery), lower grade. Formerly Qingjiang commandery; renamed in Tianbao 1. Local tribute included flake gold, rhinoceros horn, goldthread, wax, and medicinal fruit. It registered 3,702 households and 16,444 persons. Two counties. Qingjiang and Jianshi counties. Xu Prefecture (Tanyang commandery), lower grade. Formerly Wu Prefecture; established in Zhenguan 8 from Longbiao County in Chen Prefecture; called Yuan Prefecture in Tianshou 2; restored as Wu Prefecture in Kaiyuan 13 when its name proved homophonous with "plain"; renamed in Dali 5. Local tribute included flake gold and rhinoceros horn. It registered 5,368 households and 22,738 persons. Three counties. Longbiao and Langxi, lower-middle grade. Tanyang county. Jiang Prefecture (Longxi commandery), lower grade. Formerly Wu Prefecture; established in Chang'an 4 from Yelang and Weixi counties in Yuan Prefecture; renamed He Prefecture in Kaiyuan 13 when the dance and martial readings of wu proved homophonous; called Ye Prefecture in year 20; renamed again in Dali 5. Local tribute included flake gold, rhinoceros horn, and wax. It registered 1,672 households and 7,284 persons. Three counties. Eshan, Weixi, and Zijiang counties. Eshan, Weixi, and Zijiang were lower-middle grade. Formerly subordinate to Chong Prefecture; in Tianbao 3 it was abolished as a regular prefecture and made a loose-rein prefecture, with its counties reassigned here. Yi Prefecture (Yiquan commandery), lower grade. Originally Sui Mingyang commandery territory; established in Wude 4 from Ningyi County in Si Prefecture; abolished in Zhenguan 1; re-established in Zhenguan 4 from Dushang County in Qian Prefecture by opening the southern barbarian lands; the seat was moved to Suiyang in year 11. Local tribute included rhinoceros horn and wax candles. It registered 1,284 households and 1,013 persons. Five counties. Suiyang, lower-middle grade. Mount Suiyang lies within the county. Dushang, lower-middle grade. Yiquan and Yangchuan counties, lower-middle grade. Ningyi county. Bo Prefecture, Bochuan commandery, lower grade. Formerly Lang Prefecture. Established in Zhenguan 9 from Zangke in the Sui Zangke commandery, abolished in year 11, restored in year 13 and renamed. Local tribute included spotted bamboo. It registered 490 households and 2,168 persons. Three counties. Zunyi, Furong, and Daishui counties. Lower-middle grade. Si Prefecture, Ningyi commandery, lower grade. Formerly Wu Prefecture. Established in Wude 4 from Wuchuan and Fuyang in the Sui Badong commandery; renamed in Zhenguan 4. Local tribute included wax. It registered 1,599 households and 12,021 persons. Three counties. Wuchuan, Siwang, and Siqiong counties. Fei Prefecture, Fuchuan commandery, lower grade. Established in Zhenguan 4 by splitting Fuchuan and Fuyang from Si Prefecture amid the opening of the southern frontier. Local tribute included wax. It registered 429 households and 2,609 persons. Four counties. Fuchuan and Fuyang counties, lower-middle grade. Duotian and Chengle counties. Nan Prefecture, Nanchuan commandery, lower grade. Established in Wude 2 amid the opening of the southern frontier, renamed Bo Prefecture in year 3, then restored to its former name in year 4. Local tribute included spotted cloth. It registered 443 households and 2,043 persons. Two counties. Nanchuan and Sanxi counties. Xi Prefecture, Lingxi commandery, lower grade. Established in Tianshou 2 by splitting off territory from Chen Prefecture. Local tribute included cinnabar sand, rhinoceros horn, and tea buds. It registered 2,184 households and 15,282 persons. Two counties. Daxiang, upper grade. Santing county. Zhen Prefecture, Zhenxi commandery, lower grade. Established in Zhenguan 16 amid the opening of mountain frontier districts. Local tribute included patterned tortoise shells, spotted cloth, and cinnabar sand. It registered 879 households and 5,045 persons. Five counties. Rongyi and Fuhuan counties, lower-middle grade. Yelang and Ligao counties, lower-middle grade. Leyuan county. Lower-middle grade.
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On the right: the Qianzhong investigation commissioner, with his seat at Qian Prefecture.
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Collation notes.
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