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卷四十二 志第三十二 地理六

Volume 42 Treatises 36: Gepgraphy 6

Chapter 42 of 新唐書 · New Book of Tang
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西 綿 綿 西 綿 西 使 西 穿 使 簿 鹿 綿 鹿 西 綿 使 使 西西西 西 西 使 西 西 祿 𨚲 [] [] 使 𨚲 西鹿 西 西 西 西 西 調 綿 綿綿西 西 西 西 西 西 西西 綿
The Jiannan Circuit comprised broadly the domain of ancient Liang Province — the Han-era territories of Shu, Guanghan, Jianwei, Yuexi, Yizhou, Zangge, and Ba commanderies — all assigned to the Quail's Head stellar allotment. The circuit contained one superior prefecture, one Protectorate General, thirty-eight prefectures, and one hundred eighty-nine counties. Notable mountains included Min, Emei, Qingcheng, and Heming. Its major rivers were the Yangzi, Fu, Luo, and Xihan. Standard levies included silk, cotton, ramie, and zhufiber cloth. Tribute items included gold, cloth, silk, ramie, gauze, damask, cotton pongee, antelope horns, and yak tails. Chengdu Superior Prefecture (Shu Commandery), red grade. In 757 it was designated the Southern Capital and elevated to a superior prefecture; in 758 its capital status was revoked. Local tribute comprised brocade, single-thread gauze, high-loom cloth, hemp, cane sugar, plum syrup, and raw spring wine. It registered 160,950 households and a population of 928,199. It administered ten counties. Three garrison prefectures were attached: Weiyuan, Guide, and Erjiang. The Tianzheng Army was stationed here; originally called Tianwei, it was established in 759 and renamed in 808. Chengdu County, second-rank red grade. A shrine to the River Spirit stood within the county. Eighteen li to the north lay Wansui Pool; during the Tianbao period the prefectural secretary Zhang Qiu Jianqiong built a dike there to store water for irrigation. A hundred paces south stood the Guanyuan Canal dike, more than a hundred li in length, constructed in 743 by Magistrate Dugu Jieying. Huayang County, second-rank red grade. Formerly called Shu, it was carved out of Chengdu and established in 643, receiving its present name in 758. Xindu County, second-rank capital-vicinity grade. It was established in 619. Mount Fanyang lay within the county. Xipu County, second-rank capital-vicinity grade. It was carved out of Chengdu and established in 686. Xinfan County, second-rank capital-vicinity grade. Shuangliu County, second-rank capital-vicinity grade. Guangdu County, second-rank capital-vicinity grade. It was carved out of Shuangliu and established in 662. Pi County, second-rank capital-vicinity grade. Wenjiang County, second-rank capital-vicinity grade. Formerly Wanchun, it was established in 620 and received its present name in 627. The Xinyuan River flowed here; in 735 the prefectural secretary Zhang Qiu Jianqiong reopened the old canal of Prince Xiu of Shu to float bamboo and timber from the western hills by water. Lingchi County. Second-rank capital-vicinity grade. Formerly Dongyang, it was established in 700 and received its present name in 742. Peng Prefecture (Mengyang Commandery), dense grade. It was carved out of Yizhou and established in 686. Local tribute included segment-pattern gauze and crossed-weft silk. It registered 55,922 households and a population of 357,387. It administered four counties. Two garrison prefectures were attached: Tianshui and Tangxing. The Weirong Army was stationed here. Three garrison-collector posts stood at Yangguantian, Pengzha, and Shengqiao. Three fortified posts were maintained at Qipan, Anyuan, and Longxi. The Dangfeng garrison was posted here. Jingsai Pass guarded the frontier here. Jiulong County, prominent grade. In 620 Meng Prefecture was created from Jiulong, Mianzhu, and Daojiang. When the prefecture was abolished in 628, its counties were all reassigned here. During Empress Wu's reign the prefectural secretary Liu Yicong breached the Min at Tangchang, cut diversion channels, and linked the Pengkou levee with the Qishui to irrigate fields in Jiulong and Tangchang; the people raised a shrine in his honor. Mount Geji, Mount Liyuan, and Mount Yangping lay within the county. Daojiang County, prominent grade. Formerly Panlong, it was established from the old Wenshan district in 618 and soon received its present name. During the Zhenguan period it was called Guanning; in the Kaiyuan period it was restored to Daojiang. The Shilang Weir stood here, and to its east the Baizhang Weir, which diverted river water to irrigate fields in Peng and Yi prefectures; both were built in the Longshuo period. A smaller weir was also constructed early in the Chang'an period. Canya Pass lay to the west; and Mount Min and Mount Yulei stood within the county. The Zhenjing Army was posted here, established during the Kaiyuan period. The Baisha garrison-collector post was maintained here. The Mugua and Sanqi garrisons were posted here. Tangchang County, prominent grade. It was carved out of Jiulong, Daojiang, and Pi and established in 677. In 693 it was renamed Zhouchang; in 705 it was restored to Tangchang. Mengyang County. Dense grade. It was carved out of Jiulong, Shifang, and Luo and established in 677. Shu Prefecture (Tang'an Commandery), dense grade. It was carved out of Yizhou and established in 686. Local tribute included brocade, single-thread gauze, patterned gauze, red indigo, and horse whips. It registered 56,577 households and a population of 390,694. It administered four counties. Three garrison prefectures were attached: Jinyan, Guangfeng, and Guankou. The Zhenjing Army was posted here, established in 875 by the military commissioner Gao Pian. Jinyuan County, prominent grade. Mount Tiancang lay within the county. Qingcheng County, prominent grade. The name was formerly written with the character for "clear" rather than "green"; it was changed in 730. Mount Qingcheng lay within the county. Tang'an County, prominent grade. Formerly Tanglong, it was established in 618. In 693 it was renamed Wulong; in 705 it was restored to Tanglong; in 712 it received its present name. Xinjin County. Prominent grade. Two li to the southwest stood the Yuanji Weir. Four sluice channels were cut from it to irrigate fields in Tongyi of Meizhou and in Pengshan. It was opened in 740 by the investigation commissioner Zhang Qiu Jianqiong. Mount Choujing, Mount Benzhu, Mount Tianshe, and Mount Zhubu lay within the county. Iron was mined here. Han Prefecture (Deyang Commandery), upper grade. It was carved out of Yizhou and established in 686. Local tribute included crossed-weft silk, double-cord silk, Mimu and zhufiber cloth, jacket-segment silk, damask, red indigo, and Shu horses. It registered 69,005 households and a population of 308,203. It administered five counties. One garrison prefecture was attached: Yujin. The Weisheng Army was stationed here. Luo County, prominent grade. Late in the Zhenyuan period Prefect Lu Shirui built dikes and weirs that irrigated more than four hundred qing of farmland. Deyang County, dense grade. It was carved out of Luo and established in 620. Lutou Pass was here. Shifang County, prominent grade. It was carved out of Luo and established in 619. Mount Libingci lay within the county. Mianzhu County, dense grade. Mount Gengchu, Mount Wan'an, and Mount Lutang lay within the county. Jintang County. Upper grade. It was carved out of Luo and Xindu and established in 671. Mount Changli lay within the county. Jia Prefecture (Jianwei Commandery), middle grade. Formerly Meishan Commandery, it was renamed in 742. Local tribute included bran-gold, purple kudzu, and musk. It registered 34,289 households and a population of 99,591. It administered eight counties. Twenty-two garrison-collector posts with troops were maintained here: Jianwei, Muyuan, Sizhuang, Niujing, Tongshan, Qutan, Tuohe, Pingrong, Yiming, Liyun, Rongchuan, Luohu, Zhelin, Dachi, Jixin, Longxi, Laini, Keyang, Polong, Ma'an, Shili, and Emei. Longyou County, dense grade. Pingqiang County, lower-middle grade. Iron was produced here. A pass was maintained here. Emei County, upper grade. Gold and iron were produced here. Jiajiang County, upper grade. Iron was produced here. Yujin County, middle grade. Suishan County, middle grade. Ledu County was carved out and established in 700 but was soon abolished. Mount Sui lay within the county. Luomu County, middle grade. It was established in 665 by opening territory of the Sheng Liao, and Mu Prefecture was created with the county as its seat. In 676 the prefecture was abolished and the county removed; in 678 the county was restored and reassigned here. Mount Emei lay within the county. Jianwei County. Middle grade. Formerly subordinate to Rong Prefecture, it was reassigned here in 674. Mei Prefecture (Tongyi Commandery), upper grade. It was carved out of Jia Prefecture and established in 619. Local tribute included bran-gold, citrus, rock honey, and kudzu powder. It registered 43,529 households and a population of 175,256. It administered five counties. Tongyi County, dense grade. Pengshan County, dense grade. Formerly Longshan, it was subordinate to Ling Prefecture. It was merged into Tongyi in 627, restored in 628, and reassigned here. It was renamed in 712. One Tongji Great Weir and ten smaller weirs diverted water south from the Qionjiang mouth at Xinjin, ran one hundred twenty li to enter the river southwest of the prefectural seat, and irrigated one thousand six hundred qing of fields; they were opened during the Kaiyuan period by the Yizhou prefectural secretary Zhang Qiu Jianqiong. Salt was produced here. Mount Pengnu lay within the county. Danling County, upper grade. Mount Longhu lay within the county. Hongya County, upper grade. In 618 the county became the seat of Qian Prefecture; in 622 Nan'an was merged into it. When the prefecture was abolished in 627, it was reassigned here. In 719 Yi Prefecture was established, and Nan'an and Pingxiang counties were created from Liao households. In 720 the prefecture was abolished, the two counties removed, and Hongya was reassigned here. Qingshen County. Upper grade. During the Dahe period more than one hundred households of the Rong Yi led by Zhang Wu petitioned for land at Qingshen, cut channels through the mountains, and irrigated more than two hundred qing of fields. Qiong Prefecture (Linqiong Commandery), upper grade. It was carved out of Ya Prefecture and established in 618; in 657 the seat was moved to Linqiong. Local tribute included kudzu, silk cloth, and wine ladles. It registered 42,107 households and a population of 190,327. It administered seven counties. One garrison prefecture was attached: Xinghua. The Zhennan Army was posted here, established in 762. Linqiong County, dense grade. Copper and iron were produced here. Yizheng County, upper grade. Anren County, upper grade. It was carved out of Linqiong and Yizheng and established in 620. It was abolished in 643 and restored in 670. Dayi County, upper grade. It was carved out of Jinyuan in Yizhou and established in 671. Mount Heming lay within the county. Pujiang County, lower-middle grade. Salt was produced here. In 830 Pujiang and Linxi were assigned to Cui Prefecture; both were later reassigned here. Linxi County, lower-middle grade. Iron was produced here. Huojing County. Lower-middle grade. Garrison troops were posted here. Salt was produced here. Jian Prefecture (Yang'an Commandery), lower grade. It was carved out of Yizhou and established in 620. Local tribute included bran-gold, kudzu, cotton pongee, and citrus. It registered 23,066 households and a population of 143,109. It administered three counties. Yang'an County, upper grade. Copper and salt were produced here. Mount Baimiao and Mount Yunvling lay within the county. Jinshui County. Upper grade. Formerly Jinyuan, it was renamed in 618. Copper was produced here. Pingquan County. Middle grade. Zi Prefecture (Ziyang Commandery), upper grade. The seat was originally at Panshi; in 865 it was moved to Neijiang, and in 866 it was restored to Panshi. Local tribute included bran-gold and citrus. It registered 29,635 households and a population of 104,775. It administered eight counties. The Anyi Army was stationed here. Panshi County, middle grade. Mount Pinggang and Mount Chongling lay within the county. Salt was produced here. Seventy li to the north lay Baizhi Pool, sixty li in circumference; in 632 General Xue Wanche breached the eastern dike to release its waters. Ziyang County, upper grade. Salt was produced here. Qingxi County, lower grade. Formerly Niupi, it was renamed in 742. Neijiang County, middle grade. Salt was produced here. Yueshan County, lower grade. Established in 618. Longshui County, middle grade. Established in 618. Salt was produced here. Yinshan County, lower grade. Established in 618. Danshan County. Middle grade. Established in 630; in 632 it was abolished and merged into Neijiang, and in 633 it was restored. Xi Prefecture, Yuexi Commandery, middle area-command prefecture. The seat was originally at Yuexi; in 757 it was lost to Tibet, and in 797 it was recovered. In 831 it was overrun by tribal raiders; in 832 the seat was moved to Taideng. Local tribute included Shu horses, silk cloth, patterned cloth, bran-gold, musk, and saber hilts. It registered 40,721 households and a population of 175,280. It administered nine counties. Qingxi Pass stood here; during the Dahe period Military Commissioner Li Deyu relocated it to Zhongcheng. The Kunming Army lay to the southwest, the Ningyuan Army to its west, and nine forts—Xin'an, Sanfu, Shaye, Suqi, Baosai, Luoshan, Xilu, Sheyong, and E'rong. From Qingxi Pass south through Dading Fort, one hundred ten li to Dashicheng; southwest through Jingkou one hundred twenty li to Yong'an Fort, which guarded the strategic junction of Dian and Zha. Continuing south through Shuikou and southwest over Mugua Ridge, two hundred twenty li to Taideng Fort. Ninety li farther to Suqi County, then eighty li south to Xi Prefecture. Continuing through Shaye, two hundred sixty li to Qianglang Post. Continuing over Yangpeng Ridge for more than a hundred li to Ezhuntian Station. North of Yangpeng Ridge lay Xi Prefecture; to its south lay Nanzhao. Continuing through Jingkou and Huichuan, four hundred thirty li to Hezi Fort; thirty li farther to cross the Lu River; five hundred forty li to Yao Prefecture; and ninety li south to Wailindang Station. One hundred li farther to Qielong Post, where the route joined the road from Rong Prefecture to Yangjiamiecheng. In 798 Inner Attendant Liu Xi'ang traveled this route as envoy to Nanzhao. Taideng County, middle grade. In 618 it was subordinate to Deng Prefecture; in 628 it was transferred here. Mount Jiuzi lay within the county. Yuexi County, middle grade. Qiongbu County, middle grade. Suqi County, middle grade. Xilu County, middle grade. Formerly Ke, it was renamed in 742. Kunming County, middle grade. Established in 619. Salt and iron were produced here. Heji County, middle grade. Established in 634. Changming County, middle grade. In 648 the Songwai tribes were pacified and Lao Prefecture was established with the three counties of Songwai, Xunsheng, and Linkai. In 652 the prefecture was abolished and the three counties were merged into Changming. Huichuan County. Middle grade. Formerly Qiongdou, it was moved to Huichuan and renamed in 675. Lu Ford Pass stood within the county. Ya Prefecture, Lushan Commandery, lower area-command prefecture. Formerly Linqiong Commandery, it was renamed in 742. Local tribute included bran-gold, tea, stone calamus, and luoyan wood. It registered 10,892 households and a population of 54,019. It administered five counties. Four fortified garrisons were posted here: Hechuan, Shiyang, Lingguan, and Anguo. Eight additional forts—Yanshan, Bianlin, Tongse, Jizhong, Famou, Zhisheng, Longyou, and Niyang—were also stationed here. Yandao County, middle grade. At the dynasty's outset six counties—Mengyang, Changsong, Lingguan, Yangqi, Jialiang, and Huoli—were carved out of the prefecture; all were abolished in 623. Lushan County, middle grade. In 677 Dadu County was established; in 702 it was abolished. Lingguan Pass stood within the county. Salt and copper were produced here. Mingshan County, lower-middle grade. Jidong Pass stood within the county. Baizhang County, middle grade. Established in 634. Rongjing County. Lower-middle grade. Established in 620. Mount Qionglai lay within the county, along with a mountain pass. Copper was produced here. The Jintang Army was stationed here, established in 875; and the Jingkou Army was also established on what had been Yiangong territory. Li Prefecture, Hongyuan Commandery, lower area-command prefecture. In 701 it was established from Hanyuan and Feiyue of Ya Prefecture and Yangshan of Xi Prefecture. In 707 the prefecture was abolished and the counties returned to their former jurisdictions. Restored in 716. Local tribute included cimicifuga, Sichuan pepper, musk, and bezoar. It registered 1,731 households and a population of 7,670. It administered three counties. The Hongyuan Army was stationed here. Three fortified garrisons were posted here: Dingfan, Feiyue, and Hegu. Eleven additional forts—Wuhou, Kuoqing, Tongshan, Suning, Dading, Yaochong, Pancang, Sandiao, Zhangyi, Liuli, and Hegu—were also stationed here. Hanyuan County, middle grade. In 618 Deng Prefecture was established from Hanyuan and Yangshan; in 626 the prefecture was abolished and both counties returned to their former jurisdictions. In 628 it was placed under Xi Prefecture; in 652 it was restored to its former jurisdiction. Feiyue County, middle grade. In 677 it was carved out of Hanyuan and established; and Dadu County was also established under Ya Prefecture; in 702 it was abolished. During the Shenlong period it was placed under Ya Prefecture; in 715 it was reassigned here. Tongwang County. Lower-middle grade. Formerly Yangshan, it was subordinate to Deng Prefecture; in 618 it was carved out of Taideng and established. When its prefecture was abolished, it was placed under Ya Prefecture; in 628 it was transferred here. It was renamed in 742. Mao Prefecture, Tonghua Commandery, lower area-command prefecture. Formerly Wenshan Commandery, it was called Hui Prefecture in 618 and Nanhui Prefecture in 621; in 634 the prefecture was renamed, and in 742 the commandery received its present name. Local tribute included bran-gold, cinnabar, musk, fox tails, qianghuo, angelica, and dried curd. It registered 2,510 households and a population of 13,242. It administered four counties. The Weirong Army was stationed here. Wenshan County, middle grade. Mount Longquan and Mount Min lay within the county. Wenchuan County, lower-middle grade. The ancient Taoguan Pass stood within the county. Shiquan County, lower-middle grade. It was established in 634; in 651 Beichuan County was abolished and merged into it. Mount Shinu lay within the county. Tonghua County. Lower-middle grade. Yi Prefecture (Linyi Commandery), lower grade. In 618 it was established by carving out Zuofeng and Yizhen from Hui Prefecture. In 672 its seat was relocated to Xitang in Xi Prefecture; in 675 it returned to Yizhen. Local tribute included yak tails, musk, and white honey. It registered 711 households and a population of 3,618. It administered three counties. Four forts—Ehe, Baian, Dughu, and Zuoding—were stationed here. Three garrison-collector posts stood at Hejiang, Gudui, and Sangu. Five fortified garrisons were posted here: Longdong, Yideng, Qingxi, Yufan, and Jichao. Weishan County, lower-middle grade. Formerly Yizhen, it was renamed in 742. Yishui County, lower grade. Ehe County. Lower grade. Wei Prefecture (Weichuan Commandery), lower grade. In 624 it was established from White Dog Qiang households at Jiang Wei's old fort, and Jinchuan and Dinglian counties were also established. In 627 the Qiang rebellion led to the prefecture's abolition and the removal of its counties; in 628 it was restored. In 665 it was promoted from an indirect-rule prefecture to a regular prefecture; in 677 a Qiang rebellion demoted it again to indirect-rule status; in 687 it was restored to a regular prefecture. In 763 it fell to Tibet; in 831 it was recovered, but the territory was soon abandoned again. In 849 its chieftain submitted the prefecture to Tang allegiance. Local tribute included musk, yak tails, qianghuo, and angelica. It registered 2,142 households and a population of 3,198. It administered three counties. The Tonghua Army was stationed here. Nine garrison-collector posts stood at Ganxi, Baiwang, Antong, Chiguxi, Shiti, Dajie, Yakou, Zhitai, and Luota. Along the Western Mountain Southern Route stood six garrison-collector posts: Tong'er, Guaping, Ganxi, Zhuru, Jianshang, and Gukou. Fu Jian Fort was also stationed here. Two fortified garrisons were posted here: Ningsai and Jiang Wei. Xuecheng County, lower-middle grade. It was established in 628; Yanxi County was also carved out; in 650 Yanxi was abolished and merged into Dinglian. Salt was produced here. Tonghua County, lower-middle grade. Formerly Xiaofeng, it was established in 671 from Raw Qiang households on the old Jinchuan County site and later renamed. Guihua County. Lower grade. Rong Prefecture, Nanxi Commandery, middle area-command prefecture. Formerly Jianwei Commandery with its seat at Nanxi, it was moved to Bodao during the Zhenguan period. It was renamed in 742. During the Changqing period it again moved its seat to Nanxi. Local tribute included ramie fiber and lychee conserve. It registered 4,359 households and a population of 16,375. It administered five counties. Eleven fortified garrisons were posted here: Shimen, Longteng, Herong, Mahu, Yifeng, Yilu, Yibin, Kefeng, Nixi, Kaibian, and Pingkou. Fengrong Fort was posted here, established in 875. Nanxi County, middle grade. Mount Pinggai lay within the county. Bodao County, middle grade. Yibin County, lower-middle grade. Formerly Fu'e, it was abolished in 619 and restored in 620. It was renamed in 742, and Fuyi County was merged into it. Kaibian County, lower-middle grade. In 630 Nantong Prefecture was established from Shimen, Kaibian, and Zhuti; in 631 Yanquan County was carved out under its jurisdiction. In 634 it was renamed Xian Prefecture; that same year the prefecture was abolished, and Shimen, Zhuti, and Yanquan were reorganized as Fuyi County and Kaibian under Rong Prefecture. Seventy li south from the county seat lay Qu Prefecture. Four hundred eighty li farther stood Shimen Fort, opened in 585 by troops from Yi and Han prefectures. Continuing through Mount Dengzhen and Ma'an Ford, two hundred twenty-five li to the Aibang tribe. Continuing through Mount Mengkui, one hundred ninety li to the Akui tribe. One hundred eighty li farther to Yuguan River. Continuing along the Bo Kouji River, one hundred fifty li to the foot of Mount Jiejiang. Continuing through Jingxi Valley and the Shunuo Pool, three hundred twenty li to Tangmadun. Two hundred fifty li farther to Zhedong Fort. Continuing through Anning Well, three hundred ninety li to Qushui. Continuing through Shigu, two hundred twenty li to cross Shimen and reach Qielong Post. Sixty li farther to Yunnan Fort. Eighty li farther to Baiya Fort. Eighty li farther to Longwei Fort. Forty li farther to Yangjiamiecheng. In 794 Director Yuan Zi of the Sacrificial Affairs Bureau and Inner Attendant Liu Zhenliang traveled this route as envoys to Nanzhao. Guishun County. Lower-middle grade. In 699 it was established from Fu'e territory using Raw Liao households. Yao Prefecture (Yunnan Commandery), lower grade. In 621 it was established from the territory of Han Yunnan County. Local tribute included bran-gold and musk. It registered 3,700 households. It administered three counties. Two garrison-collector posts stood at Chenchuan and Nanjiang. From Xi Prefecture south to Xilu, the route through Yangpeng, Lugu, Jingkou, and Huichuan ran four hundred fifty li to Lu Prefecture. From there one crossed the Lu River southward; through Bao and Wei prefectures it was three hundred fifty li to Yao Prefecture. Three hundred li west lay Yangjumie City; to Annam by land and water it was two thousand li to the southeast. Yaocheng County, lower grade. It occupied the old territory of Han Nongdong County. Lunan County, lower grade. Formerly Changcheng, it was established in 685 and renamed in the early Tianbao era. Mount Cong lay within the county. Changming County. Lower grade. Song Prefecture, Jiaochuan Commandery, lower area-command prefecture. In 618 it was established from Jiacheng in Fu Prefecture and Jiaochuan in Song Prefecture, named for the local sweet pine. In 763 it fell to Tibet; afterward Song, Dang, Xi, Jing, Zhe, Gong, Bao, Zhen, Ba, Qian, Wei, and Yi became mobile prefectures, their prefects and vice-prefects drawn by hereditary succession from tribal chieftains. Local tribute included wax, mirabilite, musk, fox tail, angelica, and notopterygium. It registered 1,076 households and a population of 5,742. It administered four counties. The Songdang Army was posted here, established during Empress Wu's reign. Jiacheng County, lower grade. Jiaochuan County, lower grade. Pingkang County, lower grade. Formerly under Dang Prefecture, it was established in 685 from Jiaochuan and from Tonggui and Yizhen in Dang Prefecture. In 742 it was placed under Song Prefecture. Yanquan County. Lower grade. Dang Prefecture (Jiangyuan Commandery), lower grade. In 647, because the Qiang chieftain Dong Henapeng had held firm at Song Prefecture with distinction, it was carved out from Tonggui County in Song Prefecture and named for the local angelica. Local tribute included bran-gold, butter, musk, angelica, and notopterygium. It registered 2,146 households and a population of 6,713. It administered three counties. Tonggui County, lower-middle grade. It was established in 629. Lihe County, lower grade. In 657 it was established from Tonggui County. Guhe County. Lower grade. In 684 it was established by opening Raw Qiang territory, together with Pingtang County, which was later abolished. Mount Changjiu lay within the county. Xi Prefecture (Guicheng Commandery), lower grade. In 656 it was established from Zuofeng in Dang Prefecture, together with Xitang and Shijiu counties, with its seat at Xitang. In 670 the seat moved to Zuofeng; in 677 a Qiang rebellion forced a temporary relocation to Dang Prefecture, and soon afterward the seat returned to Zuofeng. Local tribute included bran-gold, musk, yak tail, angelica, and citrus. It registered 816 households and a population of 3,914. It administered two counties. Zuofeng County, middle grade. Formerly under Hui Prefecture, it was placed under Yi Prefecture in 618 and abolished in 619. It was restored in 630 and placed under Dang Prefecture in 647. Guicheng County. Lower grade. In 686 it was established from Zuofeng County. Jing Prefecture (Jingchuan Commandery), lower grade. Formerly Nanhe Prefecture, it was established in 676 from Xitang in Xi Prefecture and renamed in 691. Local tribute included musk, yak tail, angelica, and notopterygium. It registered 1,577 households. Its population stood at 6,669. It administered three counties. Xitang County, middle grade. Jingju County, middle grade. Qingdao County. Lower grade. Zhe Prefecture (Pengshan Commandery), lower grade. It was opened and established in 658. Local tribute included musk, angelica, and notopterygium. It registered 495 households and a population of 2,120. It administered two counties. Zhe County, lower grade. Qiaozhu County. Lower grade. Gong Prefecture (Gonghua Commandery), lower grade. In 736 it was established from Guangping in Jing Prefecture. Local tribute included musk, angelica, cimicifuga, and notopterygium. It registered 1,189 households and a population of 6,223. It administered three counties. The Pingrong Army was posted to the southwest. Heji County, lower grade. Formerly Guangping, it was renamed in 742. Bogong County, lower grade. In 736 it was established from Guangping County. Lieshan County. Lower grade. In 736 it was established from Guangping County. Bao Prefecture (Tianbao Commandery), lower grade. Formerly Feng Prefecture, Yunshan Commandery, it was established in 740 from Dinglian in Wei Prefecture. In 749 the seat moved to the Tianbao Army and the commandery was renamed. In 763 it fell to Tibet; in 758 Dong Jiajun, heir of the King of Guicheng, submitted the commandery and the prefecture was renamed. It was later renamed Gu Prefecture, then restored as Bao Prefecture. Local tribute included bran-gold, musk, and yak tail. It registered 1,245 households and a population of 4,536. It administered four counties. The Tianbao Army was posted here. Dinglian County, lower grade. It was established in 624; in 650 Yanxi County in Wei Prefecture was merged into it. Guishun County, lower grade. In 749 it was established from Dinglian County. Yunshan County, lower grade. In 749 it was established from Dinglian County. Anju County. Lower grade. Zhen Prefecture (Zhaode Commandery), lower grade. In 746 it was established from Linyi Commandery. Local tribute included musk and rhubarb. It registered 676 households and a population of 3,147. It administered four counties. Zhenfu County, lower-middle grade. In 746 it was established from Jichuan and Zhaode counties. Jichuan County, lower-middle grade. In 712 it was established by opening Sheng Liao territory carved from Yishui County; formerly subordinate to Xi Prefecture, it was reassigned to Yi Prefecture in 742. Zhaode County, lower grade. Formerly Shijiu, it was established in 656 by opening Sheng Liao territory, subordinate to Xi Prefecture, and reassigned to Yi Prefecture in 742. Zhaoyuan County. Lower-middle grade. Ba Prefecture (Jingrong Commandery), lower grade. In 742 it was established by receiving Raw Qiang who submitted. It registered 571 households and a population of 1,861. It administered four counties. Anxin County, lower grade. Yali County, middle grade. Baoning County, middle grade. Guihua County. Middle grade. Qian Prefecture, lower grade. In 768 it was established by opening the Western Hills. It administered two counties. Zhaowu County, lower grade. Ningyuan County. Lower grade. Zi Prefecture (Zitong Commandery), lower grade. Formerly Xincheng Commandery, it was renamed in 742. Local tribute included red damask, silk cloth, citrus, cane sugar, and tangerine peel. It registered 61,824 households and a population of 246,652. It administered nine counties. Qi County, prominent grade. Salt was produced here. Shehong County, upper grade. Tongquan County, dense grade. In 767 it was assigned to Su Prefecture, but later returned here. Salt and iron were produced here. Xuanwu County, upper grade. Formerly subordinate to Yi Prefecture, it was reassigned here in 620. Salt was produced here. Yanting County, upper grade. Salt was produced here. Mount Fudai lay within the county. Feiwu County, upper grade. Salt was produced here. Yongtai County, middle grade. In 621 it was established from Yanting and Huang'an in Jian Prefecture and Xishui in Lang Prefecture. Salt was produced here. Mount Nvtu lay within the county. Tongshan County, middle grade. Mount Kexiang lay to the south and Mount Sirong to the northwest; both contained copper. In 649 a coin-casting office was set up; it was abolished in 679, and the county was established from Qi and Feiwu. Mount Huijuntang lay within the county. Fucheng County. Dense grade. Formerly subordinate to Mian Prefecture, it was reassigned here in 778. Salt was produced here. Su Prefecture, Suining Commandery, middle area-command prefecture. Local tribute included chupu damask, silk cloth, and asparagus. It registered 35,632 households and a population of 107,716. It administered five counties. The Jingrong Army was posted here. Fangyi County, prominent grade. Salt was produced here. Changjiang County, middle grade. Salt was produced here. Mount Guang lay within the county. Pengxi County, middle grade. Formerly Tangxing, it was established in 682 from Fangyi County. In 693 it was renamed Wufeng; in 705 it was restored to Tangxing. In 708 Tang'an County was split off; it was abolished in 713. In 742 Tangxing was renamed Pengxi. The Huayan Salt Pool lay within the county. Qingshi County, middle grade. Suining County. Middle grade. In 707 it was established on the site of the former Guangxi County. Mian Prefecture (Baxi Commandery), upper grade. Formerly Jinshan Commandery, it was renamed in 742. Local tribute included gold-inlaid silver vessels, bran-gold, light silk, double-cord silk, damask, brocade, white lotus root, and sugarcane. An Orange Office supervised production here. It registered 65,066 households and a population of 263,352. It administered eight counties. Baxi County, prominent grade. Six li to the south stood the Guangji Reservoir, which diverted water to irrigate more than a hundred qing of farmland; in 688 Prefectural Secretary Fan Sixiao and Magistrate Xiahou Shi reopened it along the old channel. Mount Fule lay within the county. Gold, silver, iron, and salt were all produced here. Changming County, dense grade. Formerly Changlong, it was split in 620 into Xianwu and Wanyi counties. In 627 Wanyi was abolished; in 705 Xianwu became Xingsheng; in 712 Changlong became Changming; in 714 Xingsheng was merged into it. Shortly afterward Xingsheng was re-established from territory of Baxi, Fucheng, and Wan'an; it was abolished in 739 and the land restored to its former counties. Mount Beimang lay within the county. Salt and iron were produced here. Weicheng County, upper grade. Five li to the north stood the Luoshui Weir; in 632 water from the Anxi River was diverted into the county, greatly benefiting the people. Iron and salt were produced here. Luojiang County, middle grade. Formerly Wan'an, it was renamed in 742. Five li to the north stood the Mangjiang Weir, which diverted the She River to irrigate fields and bring water into the city; it was built in 654 by Magistrate Bai Daxin. Fourteen li to the north stood the Yangcun Weir, which diverted water from the Zhejiao Weir to irrigate fields; it was built in 805 by Magistrate Wei De. The Baima Pass stood within the county. Salt was produced here. Shenquan County, upper grade. Twenty li to the north stood the Zhejiao Weir, which diverted water to irrigate farmland; it was opened in 627. Iron was produced here. Yanquan County, middle grade. In 620 it was established by splitting off from Weicheng County. Salt was produced here. Long'an County, upper grade. Formerly Jinshan, it was renamed in 620. Songling Pass stood within the county; it was abolished in 730. Twenty-three li to the southeast stood the Yunmen Weir, which diverted the Chachuan River to irrigate farmland; it was built in 627. Xichang County. Middle grade. In 682 it was established from the territory of Sui Yichang County. Iron was produced here. Jian Prefecture (Pu'an Commandery), upper grade. Formerly Shi Prefecture, it was renamed in 713. Local tribute included bran-gold, silk cloth, sulu-scented mats, and kudzu powder. It registered 23,510 households and a population of 100,450. It administered eight counties. Pu'an County, upper grade. Pucheng County, dense grade. Formerly Huang'an, it was renamed at the end of the Tang dynasty. Yonggui County, lower-middle grade. Mount Tingchuan lay within the county. Zitong County, upper grade. Mount Liang and Mount Shen lay within the county. Yinping County, middle grade. Two li to the northwest stood the Liren Canal, which diverted the Mage River into the county to irrigate farmland; it was opened in 663 by Magistrate Liu Fengyi, abandoned in the mid-Baoying era, reopened afterward, and abandoned again in 893. Mount Fucang lay within the county. Linjin County, upper-middle grade. Wulian County, middle grade. Jianmen County. Lower-middle grade. In 699 it was established by splitting off territory from Pu'an, Yonggui, and Yinping counties. He Prefecture (Bachuan Commandery), middle grade. Formerly Fuling Commandery, it was renamed in 742. Local tribute included bran-gold, kudzu, peach-bamboo chopsticks, backgammon pieces, brush holders, oranges, peonies, and medicinal fruits. It registered 66,814 households and a population of 77,220. It administered six counties. Shijing County, upper grade. Iron was produced here. Mount Tongliang lay within the county. Xinming County, middle grade. In 620 it was established by splitting off from Shijing County. Hanchu County, middle grade. Chishui County, middle grade. Bachuan County, middle grade. In 735 it was established by splitting off from Shijing and Tongliang counties. Iron was produced here. Tongliang County. Middle grade. It was established in 703. Long Prefecture (Yingling Commandery), middle area-command prefecture. It was originally the western Long Prefecture under Pingwu Commandery; in 618 it became Longmen Commandery, also called Western Longmen Commandery, and in 627 became Longmen Prefecture. Initially an indirect-rule prefecture under Mao Prefecture, it was promoted to a regular prefecture in the Chuigong era. In 742 it became Jiangyou Commandery; the commandery name was changed in 757, and the prefecture name was changed in 758. Local tribute included bran-gold, butter, antelope horns, kudzu powder, magnolia bark, aconite root, wild aconite, lateral aconite, and black aconite. It registered 2,992 households and a population of 4,228. It administered two counties. Jiangyou County, prominent grade. In 634 Pingwu County was merged into it. The Fushui Pass stood within the county. Qingchuan County. Lower-middle grade. Formerly Mapan, it was renamed in 742. Pu Prefecture (Anyue Commandery), middle grade. In 619 it was established by splitting off from Zi Prefecture. Local tribute included double-cord silk, ramie cloth, citrus, and processed asparagus. It registered 25,693 households and a population of 74,692. It administered six counties. Anyue County, upper grade. Salt was produced here. Anju County, lower-middle grade. In 767 it was assigned to Su Prefecture, but later returned here. Salt was produced here. Puci County, middle grade. Lezhi County, middle grade. It was established in 620. Salt was produced here. Pukang County, lower-middle grade. Formerly Longkang, it was renamed in 712. Salt was produced here. Chongkan County. Middle grade. Formerly Longkan, it was established in 620 and renamed in 712. Yu Prefecture (Nanping Commandery), lower grade. Formerly Ba Commandery, it was renamed in 742. Local tribute included kudzu and medicinal fruits. It registered 6,995 households and a population of 27,685. It administered five counties. Ba County, lower-middle grade. Salt was produced here. Jiangjin County, lower-middle grade. Wanshou County, lower-middle grade. Formerly Wanchun, it was established in 620 by splitting off from Jiangjin County and renamed in 622. Nanping County, lower-middle grade. In 630 Nanping Prefecture was established by splitting off from Ba County, along with seven counties: Nanping, Qinggu, Zhouquan, Kunchuan, Heshan, Baixi, and Yingshan. In 634 it was renamed Ba Prefecture; in 639 the prefecture was abolished, Qinggu, Zhouquan, Kunchuan, Heshan, Baixi, and Yingshan were eliminated, and Nanping was reassigned here. Bishan County. Lower-middle grade. In 757 it was established by splitting off from Ba, Jiangjin, and Wanshou counties. Salt was produced here. Ling Prefecture (Renshou Commandery), formerly Longshan Commandery, was renamed in 742. Local tribute included bran-gold, Goose Creek silk, fine kudzu, xusui, and bitter medicine. It registered 34,728 households and a population of 101,128. It administered five counties. Renshou County, prominent grade. Salt was produced here. Mount Gaocheng lay within the county. Guiping County, middle grade. Salt was produced here. Jingyan County, middle grade. Mount Jinghuo lay within the county. Shijian County, lower-middle grade. Iron was mined here. Ji County. Upper grade. In 653 it was established by splitting off from Guiping County. Five li to the east stood the Hanyang Weir, which in early Wude diverted the Han River to irrigate two hundred qing of fields; it was later abandoned, restored in 684 by Magistrate Chen Chong, and abandoned again. Salt was produced here. Rong Prefecture (Heyi Commandery), middle grade. Established in 618 by splitting off from Zi Prefecture, its seat was first at Gongjing, moved to Dalao in 623, and to Xuchuan in 651. Local tribute included pongee, patterned cloth, kudzu, utility iron, and citrus. It registered 5,639 households and a population of 18,024. It administered six counties. The Weiyuan Army was stationed here. Xuchuan County, lower-middle grade. In 627 it was established by splitting off from Dalao County. Yingling County, lower-middle grade. Formerly Dalao County, in 708 Yun Prefecture and the three counties of Luoshui, Yunchuan, and Hulian were abolished and absorbed into it. It was renamed in 742. Salt was produced here. Gongjing County, lower-middle grade. It was established in 618. Salt was produced here. Ziguan County, lower-middle grade. Formerly subordinate to Jia Prefecture, it was reassigned here in 623. Salt and iron were produced here. Weiyuan County, lower-middle grade. In 627 Pori and Zhiru counties were established by division. In 628 Longyue County of Lu Prefecture was reassigned here. In 634 Pori, Zhiru, and Longyue were abolished and absorbed into it. Salt was produced here. Heyi County. Lower-middle grade. Formerly subordinate to Lu Prefecture, it was reassigned here in 634. Chang Prefecture, lower area-command prefecture. In 759 it was established from territory taken from Zi, Lu, Pu, and He prefectures, with its seat at Changyuan. In 771 the prefecture and its counties were abolished and their territories returned to their former jurisdictions; in 775 they were restored. In 885 the seat was moved to Dazu. Local tribute included bran-gold and musk. It administered four counties. Dazu County, lower grade. It was formerly Bachuan territory of He Prefecture. Jingnan County, middle grade. Changyuan County, upper grade. Yongchuan County. Lower grade. It was formerly Bishan County territory of Yu Prefecture. Iron was mined here. Lu Prefecture (Luchuan Commandery), lower area-command prefecture. Local tribute included bran-gold, utility iron, kudzu cloth, and patterned cloth. It registered 16,594 households and a population of 65,711. It administered five counties. Luchuan County, middle grade. In 634 Jingnan County was established by division and later abolished. Fuyi County, middle grade. Formerly Fushi County, in 626 Laifeng County was abolished and absorbed into it. It was renamed in 649. Jiang'an County, middle grade. In 627 Silai, Sifeng, and Shiyang counties were established from Yi and Liao households. In 634 Shiyang was abolished; in 639 Silai and Sifeng were abolished and absorbed into it. Salt was produced here. Hejiang County, middle grade. Mianshui County. Middle grade. The Baoning Protectorate General was established in 749 from the Suomo River region of Jiannan and oversaw Zangge and Tubo.
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The Jiannan investigation commissioner was based at Yi Prefecture.
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Collation notes for this chapter.
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