1
世祖聖德神功文武皇帝，諱忽必烈，睿宗皇帝第四子。 母莊聖太后，怯烈氏。 以乙亥歲八月乙卯生。 及長，仁明英睿，事太后至孝，尤善撫下。 納弘吉剌氏為妃。
Shizu, styled the Emperor Sacred in Virtue, Divine in Achievement, Martial and Civil, bore the personal name Kublai and was the fourth son of Emperor Ruizong Tolui. His mother was Empress Dowager Zhuang Sheng of the Kereit, Sorghaghtani Beki. He was born on the yimao day of the eighth month of the yihai year. As he matured he proved benevolent, clear-sighted, and brilliant; he served the Empress Dowager with the deepest filial devotion and had a gift for winning the loyalty of those beneath him. He took a woman of the Hongjila clan as his consort.
2
歲甲辰，帝在潛邸，思大有為於天下，延藩府舊臣及四方文學之士，問以治道。
In the jiachen year, while Kublai still held his princely establishment, he dreamed of great deeds for the realm. He gathered old retainers of the household and scholars from every direction and asked them how a state ought to be ruled.
3
歲辛亥，六月，憲宗即位，同母弟惟帝最長且賢，故憲宗盡屬以漠南漢地軍國庶事，遂南駐瓜忽都之地。
In the sixth month of the xinhai year Möngke took the throne. Of the brothers born to the same mother, Kublai alone was eldest and most capable, and Möngke therefore placed all military and civil affairs of the Han territories south of the steppe in his hands. Kublai moved south and encamped at Guhudu.
4
邢州有兩答剌罕言於帝曰：「邢吾分地也，受封之初，民萬餘戶，今日減月削，才五七百戶耳，宜選良吏撫循之。」 帝從其言，承制以脫兀脫及張耕為邢州安撫使，劉肅為商榷使，邢乃大治。
At Xingzhou a darughachi told Kublai, "Xing is my allotted domain. When I first received it there were more than ten thousand households; now they have dwindled month by month until only five or six hundred remain. You should appoint good officials to restore order and care for the people." Kublai agreed. Acting with imperial authority, he appointed Toqtogha and Zhang Geng pacification commissioners of Xingzhou and Liu Su investigation commissioner, and Xing was soon well governed.
5
歲壬子，帝駐桓、撫間。 憲宗令斷事官牙魯瓦赤與不只兒等總天下財賦於燕，視事一日，殺二十八人。 其一人盜馬者，杖而釋之矣，偶有獻環刀者，遂追還所杖者，手試刀斬之。 帝責之曰：「凡死罪，必詳讞而後行刑，今一日殺二十八人，必多非辜。 既杖復斬，此何刑也？」 不只兒錯愕不能對。 太宗朝立軍儲所於新衛，以收山東、河北丁糧，後惟計直取銀帛，軍行則以資之。 帝請於憲宗，設官築五倉於河上，始令民入粟。 宋遣兵攻虢之盧氏、河南之永寧、衛之八柳渡，帝言之憲宗，立經略司於汴，以忙哥、史天澤、楊惟中、趙璧為使，陳紀、楊果為參議，俾屯田唐、鄧等州，授之兵、牛，敵至則禦，敵去則耕，仍置屯田萬戶於鄧，完城以備之。 夏六月，入覲憲宗於曲先惱兒之地，奉命帥師征雲南。 秋七月丙午，祃牙西行。
In the renzi year he encamped between Huan and Fu. Möngke ordered the judicial officer Yalavachi, Bujai'er, and others to take charge of the empire's revenues at Yan. On their first day in office they put twenty-eight men to death. One man had stolen a horse; they beat him with the rod and let him go. When someone presented a ring-handled saber, they brought the beaten man back and tried the blade on his neck themselves. Kublai rebuked them: "Every capital sentence must be carefully tried before it is carried out. To kill twenty-eight men in one day — surely many were innocent. Beaten, then beheaded — what kind of justice is that?" Bujai'er stood dumbfounded and could not answer. In Taizong's reign a military supply office was set up at Xinwei to collect corvée grain from Shandong and Hebei; later it took only fixed payments in silver and silk, which were spent when armies took the field. Kublai asked Möngke to appoint officials and build five granaries along the river, and for the first time required the people to deliver grain. The Song attacked Lushi in Guo, Yongning in Henan, and Bayangdu in Wei. Kublai reported this to Möngke, who established a frontier affairs commission at Bian with Möngke, Shi Tianze, Yang Weizhong, and Zhao Bi as commissioners and Chen Ji and Yang Guo as counsellors. They were to farm and garrison Tang, Deng, and neighboring prefectures, given troops and oxen to fight when the enemy came and plow when they withdrew. A garrison-farming office of ten thousand households was also set at Deng to finish the walls. In the sixth month of summer he had audience with Möngke at Quxiannao'er and received orders to lead an expedition against Yunnan. In the seventh month of autumn, on the bingwu day, the army consecrated its standards and marched west.
6
歲癸丑，受京兆分地。 諸將皆築第京兆，豪侈相尚，帝即分遣，使戍興元諸州。 又奏割河東解州鹽池以供軍食，立從宜府於京兆，屯田鳳翔，募民受鹽入粟，轉漕嘉陵。 夏，遣王府尚書姚樞立京兆宣撫司，以孛蘭及楊惟中為使，關隴大治。 又立交鈔提舉司，印鈔以佐經用。 秋八月，師次臨洮。 遣玉律術、王君候、王鑒諭大理，不果行。 九月壬寅，師次忒剌，分三道以進。 大將兀良合帶率西道兵，由晏當路； 諸王抄合、也只烈帥東道兵，由白蠻； 帝由中道。 乙巳，至滿陀城，留輜重。 冬十月丙午，過大渡河，又經行山谷二千餘里，至金沙江，乘革囊及筏以渡。 摩娑蠻主迎降，其地在大理北四百餘里。 十一月辛卯，復遣玉律術等使大理。 丁酉，師至白蠻打郭寨，其主將出降，其侄堅壁拒守，攻拔殺之，不及其民。 庚子，次三甸。 辛丑，白蠻送款。 十二月丙辰，軍薄大理城。 初，大理主段氏微弱，國事皆決於高祥、高和兄弟，是夜，祥率眾遁去，命大將也古及拔突兒追之。 帝既入大理，曰：「城破而我使不出，計必死矣。」 己未，西道兵亦至，命姚樞等搜訪圖籍，乃得三使屍。 既瘞，命樞為文祭之。 辛酉，南出龍首城，次趙瞼。 癸亥，獲高祥，斬於姚州。 留大將兀良合帶戍守，以劉時中為宣撫使，與段氏同安輯大理，遂班師。
In the guichou year he received Jingzhao as his allotted domain. The generals all built lavish mansions at Jingzhao and competed in extravagance. Kublai immediately dispersed them, sending them to garrison Xingyuan and other prefectures. He also petitioned to set aside the salt ponds of Jiezhou in Hedong for military supply, established a provisional office at Jingzhao, opened garrison farms at Fengxiang, recruited people to trade grain for salt, and shipped the grain by water to Jialing. That summer the prince's household minister Yao Shu established the Jingzhao pacification office with Bolan and Yang Weizhong as commissioners, and the Guan and Long region was brought to good order. He also established an office for issuing paper currency and printed notes to help meet expenses. In the eighth month of autumn the army halted at Lintao. He sent Yulüshi, Wang Junhou, and Wang Jian to announce his intentions to Dali, but the mission came to nothing. On the renyin day of the ninth month the army halted at Tela and divided into three columns to advance. The great general Uriyangqadai led the western column by the Yandang route. The princes Chagha and Je'üle led the eastern column through Bai territory. Kublai himself took the center column. On the yisi day they reached Manto City and left the baggage train behind. In the tenth month of winter, on the bingwu day, they crossed the Dadu River, then marched more than two thousand li through mountain valleys to the Jinsha River and crossed on leather rafts and floats. The chief of the Mosuo tribes came out to surrender; their territory lay more than four hundred li north of Dali. On the xinmao day of the eleventh month Yulüshi and the others were again dispatched as envoys to Dali. On the dingyou day the army reached the Bai fortress of Daguo. Its commander came out to surrender, but his nephew barricaded the walls and resisted. The fortress was stormed and the nephew was killed, without harm to the people. On the gengzi day they halted at Sandian. On the xinchou day the Bai tribes submitted. On the bingchen day of the twelfth month the army drew up before Dali City. Dali's ruler, of the Duan clan, had long been weak; state affairs were decided by the brothers Gao Xiang and Gao He. That night Xiang fled with his followers, and the generals Yeke and Batu'er were sent in pursuit. After Kublai entered Dali he said, "The city is taken and our envoys have not come out — they must be dead." On the jiwei day the western column also arrived. Yao Shu and others were ordered to search the archives, and the bodies of the three envoys were found. After they were buried, Shu was ordered to compose a funeral elegy for them. On the xinyou day they marched south out of Longshou City and halted at Zhaojian. On the guihai day Gao Xiang was captured and beheaded at Yaozhou. Uriyangqadai was left to garrison the region; Liu Shizhong was appointed pacification commissioner to settle Dali together with the Duan clan, and the army withdrew.
7
歲甲寅，夏五月庚子，駐六盤山。 六月，以廉希憲為關西道宣撫使，姚樞為勸農使。 秋八月，至自大理，駐桓、撫間，復立撫州。 冬，駐瓜忽都之地。
In the jiayin year, on the gengzi day of the fifth month of summer, he encamped at Liupanshan. In the sixth month Lian Xixian was appointed pacification commissioner of the Guanxi circuit and Yao Shu agriculture commissioner. In the eighth month of autumn he returned from Dali and encamped between Huan and Fu; Fu Prefecture was re-established. In winter he encamped at Guhudu.
8
歲乙卯，春，復駐桓、撫間。 冬，駐奉聖州北。
In the spring of the yimao year he again encamped between Huan and Fu. In winter he encamped north of Fengsheng Prefecture.
9
歲丙辰，春三月，命僧子聰卜地於桓州東、灤水北，城開平府，經營宮室。 冬，駐於合剌八剌合孫之地。 憲宗命益懷州為分地。
In the third month of spring of the bingchen year the monk Zicong was ordered to choose a site east of Huan Prefecture and north of the Luan River to build Kaiping Prefecture and lay out the palace halls. In winter he encamped at Helababakhasun. Möngke assigned Huai Prefecture as an additional allotment.
10
歲丁巳，春，憲宗命阿藍答兒、劉太平會計京兆、河南財賦，大加鉤考，其貧不能輸者，帝為代償之。 冬十二月，入覲於也可叠烈孫之地，議分道攻宋，以明年為期。
In the spring of the dingsi year Möngke ordered Alandar and Liu Taiping to audit the finances of Jingzhao and Henan. Their investigation was harsh, and for those too poor to pay Kublai covered the debts himself. In the twelfth month of winter he had audience at Yekedieliesun. They discussed dividing forces to attack the Song, with the following year as the target date.
11
歲戊午，冬十一月戊申，祃牙於開平東北，是日啟行。
In the wuwu year, on the wushen day of the eleventh month of winter, the army consecrated its standards northeast of Kaiping and set out that same day.
12
歲己未，春二月，會諸王於邢州。 夏五月，駐小濮州。 征東平宋子貞、李昶，訪問得失。 秋七月甲寅，次汝南，命大將拔都兒等前行，備糧漢上，戒諸將毋妄殺。 命楊惟中、郝經宣撫江淮，必阇赤孫貞督軍須蔡州。 有軍士犯法者，貞縛致有司，白於帝，命戮以徇，諸軍凜然，無敢犯令者。 八月丙戌，渡淮。 辛卯，入大勝關，宋戍兵皆遁。 壬辰，次黃陂。 甲午，遣廉希憲招臺山寨，比至，千戶董文炳等已破之。 時淮民被俘者眾，悉縱之。 庚子，先鋒茶忽得宋沿江制置司榜來上，有云：「今夏諜者聞北兵會議，取黃陂民船系筏，由陽邏堡以渡，會於鄂州。」 帝曰：「此事前所未有，願如其言。」 辛丑，師次江北。 九月壬寅朔，親王穆哥自合州釣魚山遣使以憲宗凶問來告，且請北歸以系天下之望。 帝曰：「吾奉命南來，豈可無功遽還？ 「甲辰，登香爐山，俯瞰大江，江北曰武湖，湖之東曰陽邏堡，其南岸即滸黃洲。 宋以大舟扼江渡，帝遣兵奪二大舟，是夜，遣木魯花赤、張文謙等具舟楫。 乙巳遲明，至江岸，風雨晦冥，諸將皆以為未可渡，帝不從，遂申敕將帥揚旗伐鼓，三道並進，天為開霽。 與宋師接戰者三，殺獲甚眾，徑達南岸。 軍士有擅入民家者，以軍法從事。 凡所俘獲，悉縱之。 丁未，遣王沖道、李宗傑、訾郊招諭鄂城，比至東門，矢下如雨，沖道墜馬，為敵所獲，宗傑、郊奔還。 帝駐滸黃洲。 己酉，抵鄂，屯兵教場。 庚戌，圍鄂。 壬子，登城東北壓雲亭，立望樓，高可五丈，望見城中出兵，趣兵迎擊，生擒二人，云：「賈似道率兵救鄂，事起倉卒，皆非精銳。」 遂命官取逃民棄糧，聚之軍中，為攻取計。 戊午，順天萬戶張柔兵至。 大將拔突兒等以舟師趨岳州，遇宋將呂文德自重慶來，拔都兒等迎戰，文德乘夜入鄂城，守愈堅。 冬十月辛未朔，移駐烏龜山。 甲戌，拔突兒還自嶽。 十一月丙辰，移駐牛頭山。 兀良合帶略地諸蠻，由交趾歷邕、桂，抵潭州，聞帝在鄂，遣使來告。 時先朝諸臣阿藍答兒、渾都海、脫火思、脫裏赤等謀立阿裏不哥。 阿裏不哥者，睿宗第七子，帝之弟也。 於是阿藍答兒發兵於漠北諸部，脫裏赤括兵於漠南諸州，而阿藍答兒乘傳調兵，去開平僅百餘里。 皇后聞之，使人謂之曰：「發兵大事，太祖皇帝曾孫真金在此，何故不令知之？」 阿藍答兒不能答。 繼又聞脫裏赤亦至燕，後即遣脫歡、愛莫幹馳至軍前密報，請速還。 丁卯，發牛頭山，聲言趣臨安，留大將拔突兒等帥諸軍圍鄂。 閏月庚午朔，還駐青山磯。 辛未，臨江岸，遣張文謙還諭諸將曰：「遲六日，當去鄂退保滸黃洲。」 命文謙發降民二萬北歸。 宋賈似道遣宋京請和，命趙璧等語之曰：「汝以生靈之故來請和好，其意甚善，然我奉命南征，豈能中止？ 果有事大之心，當請於朝。」 是日，大軍北還。 己丑，至燕。 脫裏赤方括民兵，民甚苦之，帝詰其由，托以憲宗臨終之命。 帝察其包藏禍心，所集兵皆縱之，人心大悅。 是冬，駐燕京近郊。
In the second month of spring of the jiwei year the princes assembled at Xingzhou. In the fifth month of summer he encamped at Xiao Puzhou. Song Zizhen and Li Chang of Dongping were summoned and asked what had succeeded and what had failed. On the jiayin day of the seventh month of autumn he halted at Runan and ordered the great general Batu'er and others to go ahead and prepare provisions along the Han River, warning the generals not to kill without cause. Yang Weizhong and Hao Jing were ordered to pacify the Jiang-Huai region, and Biyeke Sunzhen was to command troops at Caizhou. When soldiers broke the law, Sunzhen bound them and handed them over to the civil authorities, reporting to Kublai, who ordered them executed as a warning. The armies were awed and none dared violate orders again. On the bingxu day of the eighth month they crossed the Huai. On the xinmao day they entered Dasheng Pass; the Song garrison troops all fled. On the renchen day they halted at Huangpi. On the jiawu day Lian Xixian was sent to summon Taishan Fortress to surrender; by the time he arrived, the chiliarch Dong Wenbing and others had already taken it. Many people of the Huai region had been taken captive; Kublai released them all. On the gengzi day the vanguard Chagudai presented a proclamation from the Song riverine pacification office. It read: "This summer our spies heard the northern army plan to seize the boats of Huangpi's people, lash them into rafts, cross at Yangluo Fort, and assemble at Ezhou." Kublai said, "Nothing like this has ever been done — I would gladly see it happen just as they say." On the xinchou day the army halted on the north bank of the Yangzi. On the first day of the ninth month Prince Möngke sent envoys from Diaoyu Mountain at Hezhou with news of Möngke's death, asking Kublai to return north at once to secure the hopes of the realm. Kublai said, "I was ordered south — how can I turn back without accomplishing anything? On the jiachen day he climbed Xianglu Mountain and looked down on the great river. North of the river lay Wuhu Lake; east of the lake stood Yangluo Fort, and on the south bank opposite it was Huhuang Isle. The Song blocked the crossing with large ships. Kublai sent troops to seize two of them, and that night Murghulji, Zhang Wenqian, and others prepared boats and rafts. On the yisi day, near dawn, they reached the riverbank. Wind and rain shrouded the sky; the generals all said the crossing was impossible, but Kublai would not listen. He ordered the commanders to raise banners and beat drums; the three columns advanced together, and the sky cleared. They fought the Song army three times, killing and capturing many, and reached the south bank in a straight push. Soldiers who entered private houses without leave were punished under military law. All captives were released. On the dingwei day Wang Chongdao, Li Zongjie, and Zijiao were sent to summon Ezhou to surrender. At the east gate arrows fell like rain; Chongdao fell from his horse and was taken by the enemy, while Zongjie and Zijiao fled back. Kublai encamped at Huhuang Isle. On the jiyou day he reached Ezhou and encamped at the drill ground. On the gengxu day he besieged Ezhou. On the renzi day he climbed the Yanyun Pavilion in the northeast corner of the wall and built a watchtower nearly five zhang high. When he saw troops sally from the city he sent forces to meet them and took two men alive. They said, "Jia Sidao is leading troops to relieve Ezhou, but the call was sudden — none are elite soldiers." He then ordered officials to collect grain abandoned by fugitives and stock it in the camp for the assault. On the wuwu day Zhang Rou, commander of ten thousand households of Shuntian, arrived with his troops. The great general Batu'er and others led the fleet toward Yuezhou and met the Song general Lü Wende coming from Chongqing. Batu'er and the others gave battle. Wende slipped into Ezhou by night, and the defense grew firmer. On the first day of the tenth month of winter he moved camp to Wugui Mountain. On the jiaxu day Batu'er returned from Yue. On the bingchen day of the eleventh month he moved camp to Niutou Mountain. Uriyangqadai raided through the tribal lands, passing by Jiaozhi through Yong and Gui to Tanzhou. Hearing that Kublai was at Ezhou, he sent envoys to report. At that time former ministers of the previous reign — Alandar, Qunduqai, Toqosi, and Toqichi — plotted to install Ariq Böke. Ariq Böke was the seventh son of Ruizong Tolui and Kublai's younger brother. Alandar raised troops among the northern tribes, Toqichi gathered soldiers in the southern prefectures, and Alandar, traveling by post relay, mobilized troops only a little more than a hundred li from Kaiping. When the empress heard of it she sent word: "Raising troops is a grave matter. Zhenjin, Taizu's great-grandson, is here — why was he not told?" Alandar could not answer. Word soon came that Toqichi had reached Yan as well. The empress then dispatched Toghan and Eimogen at full speed to the army with a secret report, urging a swift return. On the dingmao day he set out from Niutou Mountain, declaring that he was hurrying toward Lin'an, and left the great general Batu'er and others to command the armies besieging Ezhou. On the first day of the intercalary month he returned and encamped at Qingshanji. On the xinwei day he came to the riverbank and sent Zhang Wenqian back to tell the generals, "In six days we shall leave Ezhou and fall back to Huhuang Isle." Wenqian was ordered to send twenty thousand surrendered people north. Jia Sidao of the Song sent Song Jing to sue for peace. Zhao Bi and others were told to reply, "You come seeking peace for the people's sake — that is a good intention. Yet I was ordered south on campaign — how can I stop midway? If you truly wish to serve a greater cause, petition your court." That same day the great army withdrew north. On the jichou day he reached Yan. Toqichi was then conscripting militia, and the people suffered greatly. Kublai questioned the reason, and Toqichi pleaded Möngke's dying command. Kublai saw that he harbored treacherous intent and disbanded all the troops he had gathered; the people were greatly relieved. That winter he encamped in the suburbs of Yanjing.
13
中統元年春三月戊辰朔，車駕至開平。 親王合丹、阿只吉率西道諸王，塔察兒、也先哥、忽剌忽兒、爪都率東道諸王，皆來會，與諸大臣勸進。 帝三讓，諸王大臣固請。 辛卯，帝即皇帝位，以祃祃、趙璧、董文炳為燕京路宣慰使。 陜西宣撫使廉希憲言：「高麗國王嘗遣其世子倎入覲，會憲宗將兵攻宋，倎留三年不遣。 今聞其父已死，若立倎，遣歸國，彼必懷德於我，是不煩兵而得一國也。」 帝是其言，改館倎，以兵衛送之，仍赦其境內。 夏四月戊戌朔，立中書省，以王文統為平章政事，張文謙為左丞。 以八春、廉希憲、商挺為陜西四川等路宣撫使，趙良弼參議司事，粘合南合、張啟元為西京等處宣撫使。 己亥，詔諭高麗國王王倎，仍歸所俘民及其逃戶，禁邊將勿擅掠。 辛丑，以即位詔天下。 詔曰：
In the third month of spring of the first year of Zhongtong, on the wuchen new moon, the imperial carriage reached Kaiping. Prince Hetan and Ajigi led the western princes; Tachar, Yesünke, Qulqul, and Jadu led the eastern princes — all came to the assembly and, with the great ministers, urged Kublai to take the throne. Kublai declined three times; the princes and ministers pressed him all the more firmly. On the xinmao day Kublai took the imperial throne and appointed Mamma, Zhao Bi, and Dong Wenbing pacification commissioners of the Yanjing circuit. Lian Xixian, pacification commissioner of Shaanxi, said, "The king of Goryeo once sent his heir Tan to court. When Möngke marched against the Song, Tan was kept three years and not sent home. Now we hear his father is dead. If we enthrone Tan and send him home, he will owe us gratitude — and we gain a kingdom without troubling the army." Kublai agreed. He changed Tan's lodging, sent him home under military escort, and granted amnesty within Goryeo's borders. On the wuxu new moon of the fourth month of summer the Secretariat was established, with Wang Wentong as grand councillor and Zhang Wenqian as left councillor. Bachun, Lian Xixian, and Shang Ting were made pacification commissioners of Shaanxi, Sichuan, and other circuits; Zhao Liangbi was counsellor of the commission; Nayanan and Zhang Qiyuan were pacification commissioners of Xijing and other places. On the jihai day an edict went to King Tan of Goryeo, ordering the return of captured people and fugitive households and forbidding frontier generals to plunder on their own authority. On the xinchou day he proclaimed his accession to the realm. The edict read:
14
朕惟祖宗肇造區宇，奄有四方，武功叠興，文治多缺，五十餘年於此矣。 蓋時有先後，事有緩急，天下大業，非一聖一朝所能兼備也。 先皇帝即位之初，風飛雷厲，將大有為。 憂國愛民之心雖切於己，尊賢使能之道未得其人。 方董夔門之師，遽遺鼎湖之泣。 豈期遺恨，竟勿克終。
We consider that our ancestors founded the realm and took possession of the four quarters; martial achievement rose again and again, yet civil governance remained largely lacking — more than fifty years have passed in this condition. Times have their order and affairs their urgency; the great enterprise under Heaven cannot be fully accomplished by one sage in one reign. When the late Emperor first ascended the throne, his momentum was like wind and thunder; he intended great deeds. Though his heart to cherish the state and love the people burned within him, he had not yet found the men to honor the worthy and employ the capable. Just as he was directing the army at Kuimen, he suddenly left the lament of Dinghu. Who could have expected that regret would in the end go unfulfilled?
15
肆予沖人，渡江之後，蓋將深入焉，乃聞國中重以僉軍之擾，黎民驚駭，若不能一朝居者。 予為此懼，驲騎馳歸。 目前之急雖紓，境外之兵未戢。 乃會群議，以集良規。 不意宗盟，輒先推戴。 左右萬里，名王巨臣，不召而來者有之，不謀而同者皆是，咸謂國家之大統不可久曠，神人之重寄不可暫虛。 求之今日，太祖嫡孫之中，先皇母弟之列，以賢以長，止予一人。 雖在征伐之間，每存仁愛之念，博施濟眾，實可為天下主。 天道助順，人謨與能。 祖訓傳國大典，於是乎在，孰敢不從。 朕峻辭固讓，至於再三，祈懇益堅，誓以死請。 於是俯徇輿情，勉登大寶。 自惟寡昧，屬時多艱，若涉淵冰，罔知攸濟。 爰當臨御之始，宜新弘遠之規。 祖述變通，正在今日。 務施實德，不尚虛文。 雖承平未易遽臻，而饑渴所當先務。 嗚呼！ 歷數攸歸，欽應上天之命； 勛親斯托，敢忘烈祖之規？ 建極體元，與民更始。 朕所不逮，更賴我遠近宗族、中外文武，同心協力，獻可替否之助也。 誕告多方，體予至意！
We, a man of little stature, after crossing the river intended to press deeper; then we heard that at home repeated conscription was disturbing the realm, and the people were terrified as if they could not live from one morning to the next. We were afraid because of this and rode post-horses home in haste. Though the immediate crisis was eased, troops beyond the borders had not yet been stilled. We then convened collective counsel to gather good plans. We did not expect the bond of the clans to press forward first in raising us up. From east and west for ten thousand li, famed princes and great ministers — some came without being summoned, some agreed without being consulted — all said that the great succession of the state could not long stand vacant, nor the heavy charge of gods and men remain briefly unfilled. Sought for today among Taizu's direct grandsons and among the late Emperor's younger brothers by the same mother, in worth and in seniority there is only us alone. Though amid campaigns we have always kept thoughts of benevolence; broadly bestowing and relieving the multitude, we may truly serve as sovereign of the realm. Heaven's Way assists the obedient; human counsel joins with capacity. The ancestral instruction and the great rite of transmitting the realm lie herein — who would dare not follow? We sternly refused and firmly declined, even to a third time; the earnest pleas grew firmer, and we swore to refuse unto death. Thereupon, bowing to the sentiment of the people, we reluctantly ascended the great treasure. We ourselves consider our ignorance; the times are many in hardship — as if treading deep ice, we know not how to cross. Now at the beginning of rule, broad and far-reaching plans ought to be made new. Following the ancestors yet adapting to change — the moment is today. We must apply solid virtue and not honor empty forms. Though full peace cannot quickly be attained, thirst and hunger are what must first be addressed. Alas! The mandate of succession has returned — reverently we respond to Heaven's command. Meritorious kin are entrusted to us — dare we forget the rule of the glorious ancestors? Establish the supreme norm and renew the realm together with the people. Where we fall short, we rely all the more on our kinsmen near and far, civil and military within and without, to join hearts and combine strength and offer counsel both approving and correcting. Proclaim this widely in every quarter and embody our utmost sincerity!
16
丁未，以翰林侍讀學士郝經為國信使，翰林待制何源、禮部郎中劉人傑副之，使於宋。 丙辰，收輯中外官吏宣劄牌面。 遣帖木兒、李舜欽等行部，考課各路諸色工匠。 置急遞鋪。 乙丑，征諸道兵六千五百人赴京師宿衛。 置互市於漣水軍，禁私商不得越境，犯者死。 是月，阿裏不哥僭號於和林城西按坦河。 召賈居貞、張儆、王煥、完顏愈乘傳赴闕。 五月戊辰朔，詔燕貼木兒、忙古帶節度黃河以西諸軍。 丙戌，建元中統，詔曰：
On the dingwei day Hao Jing, Hanlin academician reader, was made chief envoy; He Yuan, Hanlin attendant draftsman, and Liu Renjie, director in the Ministry of Rites, were made deputy envoys and sent to the Song. On the bingchen day credentials and name plaques of officials within and without were collected. Temür, Li Shunqin, and others were sent on circuit inspection to examine artisans of every route and every category. Express relay stations were established. On the yichou day six thousand five hundred troops from every circuit were summoned to the capital for palace guard duty. Markets for mutual trade were established at Lianshui Army; private merchants were forbidden to cross borders — violators were put to death. That month Ariq Böke declared himself emperor west of the Altan River outside Karakorum. Jia Juzhen, Zhang Wei, Wang Huan, and Wanyan Yu were summoned by post relay to audience. On the wuchen new moon of the fifth month an edict ordered Yeshi Temür and Mangudai to command all armies west of the Yellow River. On the bingxu day the era name Zhongtong was established. The edict read:
17
詔安撫壽春府軍民。 甲午，以阿裏不哥反，詔赦天下。 乙未，立十路宣撫司：以賽典赤、李德輝為燕京路宣撫使，徐世隆副之； 宋子貞為益都濟南等路宣撫使，王磐副之； 河南路經略使史天澤為河南宣撫使； 楊果為北京等路宣撫使，趙丙副之； 張德輝為平陽太原路宣撫使，謝瑄副之； 孛魯海牙、劉肅並為真定路宣撫使； 姚樞為東平路宣撫使，張肅副之； 中書左丞張文謙為大名彰德等路宣撫使，遊顯副之； 粘合南合為西京路宣撫使，崔巨濟副之； 廉希憲為京兆等路宣撫使。 以汪惟正為鞏昌等處便宜都總帥，虎闌箕為鞏昌路元帥。 詔諭成都路侍郎張威安撫元、忠、綿、資、邛、彭等州，西川、潼川、隆慶、順慶等府及各處山寨歸附官吏，皆給宣命、金符有差。 詔平陽、京兆兩路宣撫司僉兵七千人，於延安等處守隘，以萬戶鄭鼎、昔剌忙古帶領之，貧不能應役者，官為資給。 征諸路兵三萬駐燕京近地，命諸路市馬萬匹送開平府。 以總帥汪良臣統陜西漢軍於沿河守隘。 立望雲驛，非軍事毋得輒入。 熒惑入南斗，留五十餘日。
An edict to reassure the army and people of Shouchun Prefecture. On the jiawu day, because Ariq Böke had rebelled, an edict granted amnesty to the realm. On the yiwei day ten pacification offices were established: Sayid Ajall and Li Dehui as pacification commissioners of the Yanjing route, with Xu Shilong as deputy. Song Zizhen as pacification commissioner of Yidu, Jinan, and other routes, with Wang Pan as deputy. Shi Tianze, frontier commissioner of the Henan route, as pacification commissioner of Henan. Yang Guo as pacification commissioner of the Beijing and other routes, with Zhao Bing as deputy. Zhang Dehui as pacification commissioner of the Pingyang-Taiyuan route, with Xie Xuan as deputy. Bolqai and Liu Su both as pacification commissioners of the Zhending route. Yao Shu as pacification commissioner of the Dongping route, with Zhang Su as deputy. Zhang Wenqian, left councillor of the Secretariat, as pacification commissioner of Daming, Zhangde, and other routes, with You Xian as deputy. Nayanan as pacification commissioner of the Xijing route, with Cui Juji as deputy. Lian Xixian as pacification commissioner of the Jingzhao and other routes. Wang Weizheng was made provisional supreme commander of Gongchang and other places; Hulanchi was made marshal of the Gongchang route. An edict announced Vice Minister Zhang Wei of the Chengdu route to pacify Yuan, Zhong, Mian, Zi, Qiong, Peng, and other prefectures and the prefectures and fortresses of Xichuan, Tongchuan, Longqing, Shunqing, and every mountain fortress that had submitted, all receiving credentials and gold tally tokens in graded amounts. An edict ordered the pacification offices of the Pingyang and Jingzhao routes to levy seven thousand troops to hold the passes at Yan'an and other places, led by the commanders of ten thousand households Zheng Ding and Sira Mangudai; for those too poor to serve, the state would supply funds. Thirty thousand troops from every route were summoned to encamp near Yanjing; every route was ordered to purchase ten thousand horses and send them to Kaiping Prefecture. The supreme commander Wang Liangchen was to command the Shaanxi Han army in holding the passes along the river. Wangyun Post was established; none but military affairs might enter without cause. Mars entered the Southern Dipper and remained more than fifty days.
18
六月戊戌，詔燕京、西京、北京三路宣撫司運米十萬石，輸開平府及撫州、沙井、凈州、魚兒濼，以備軍儲。 以李亶為江淮大都督。 劉太平等謀反，事覺伏誅，並誅乞帶不花於東川，明裏火者於西川。 渾都海反。 乙巳，李亶言：「獲宋諜者，言賈似道調兵，聲言攻漣州，遣人覘之，見許浦江口及射陽湖兵船二千艘，宜繕理城塹以備。」 罷阿藍帶兒所簽解鹽戶軍百人。 壬子，詔陜西四川宣撫司八春節制諸軍。 乙卯，詔東平路萬戶嚴忠濟等發精兵一萬五千人赴開平。 乙丑，以石長不為大理國總管，佩虎符。 詔十路宣撫司造戰襖、裘、帽，各以萬計，輸開平。 是月，召真定劉郁，邢州郝子明，彰德胡祗遹，燕京馮渭、王光益、楊恕、李彥通、趙和之，東平韓文獻、張昉等，乘傳赴闕。 高麗國王王倎遣其子永安公僖、判司宰事韓即來賀即位，以國王封冊、王印及虎符賜之。
On the wuxu day of the sixth month an edict ordered the pacification offices of the Yanjing, Xijing, and Beijing routes to transport one hundred thousand shi of grain to Kaiping Prefecture and to Fu, Shajing, Jing, and Yur'er Bo to prepare military stores. Li Tan was made grand commander of the Jiang-Huai region. Liu Taiping and others plotted rebellion; the affair was discovered and they were executed. Qidanbuqa was also executed in Dongchuan and Minglihuozhe in Xichuan. Qunduqai rebelled. On the yisi day Li Tan reported, "We captured a Song spy who said Jia Sidao was mobilizing troops, declaring an attack on Lian Prefecture. We sent men to reconnoiter and saw two thousand warships at the mouth of the Xu River and at Sheyang Lake. The walls and moats ought to be repaired in preparation." The hundred salt-household troops conscripted by Alandai'er were dismissed. On the renzi day an edict ordered Bachun of the Shaanxi-Sichuan pacification office to command all armies. On the yimao day an edict ordered Yan Zhongji and others, commanders of ten thousand households of the Dongping route, to dispatch fifteen thousand elite troops to Kaiping. On the yichou day Shi Changbu was made chief administrator of the Dali kingdom and granted a tiger tally. An edict ordered the ten pacification offices to manufacture padded jackets, furs, and caps, each in numbers of ten thousand, and send them to Kaiping. That month Liu Yu of Zhending, Hao Ziming of Xingzhou, Hu Zhiyuan of Zhangde, Feng Wei, Wang Guangyi, Yang Shu, Li Yantong, and Zhao Hezhi of Yanjing, Han Wenxian and Zhang Fang of Dongping, and others were summoned by post relay to audience. King Tan of Goryeo sent his son the Duke of Yong'an, Xi, and Han Ki, vice director of the Ministry of Rites, to congratulate the accession; the king's patent of enfeoffment, royal seal, and tiger tally were bestowed on him.
19
秋七月戊辰，敕燕京、北京、西京、真定、平陽、大名、東平、益都等路宣撫司，造羊裘、皮帽、褲、靴，皆以萬計，輸開平。 己巳，以萬戶史天澤扈從先帝有功，賜銀萬五千兩。 遣靈州種田民還京兆。 庚午，賜山東行省大都督李亶金符二十、銀符五，俾給所部有功將士。 癸酉，以燕京路宣慰使祃祃行中書省事，燕京路宣慰使趙璧平章政事，張啟元參知政事，王鶚翰林學士承旨兼修國史，河南路宣撫使史天澤兼江淮諸翼軍馬經略使。 丙子，詔中書省給諸王塔察兒益都、平州封邑歲賦、金帛，並以諸王白虎、襲剌門所屬民戶、人匠、歲賦給之。 詔造中統元寶交鈔。 立互市於潁州、漣水、光化軍。 北京路都元帥阿海乞免所部軍士征徭，從之。 宋兵攻邊城，詔遣太尹、怯列、忙古帶率所部，合兵擊之。 下詔褒賞行省大都督李亶。 帝自將討阿裏不哥。 敕劉天麟規措中都析津驛傳馬。
On the wuchen day of the seventh month of autumn an edict ordered the pacification offices of the Yanjing, Beijing, Xijing, Zhending, Pingyang, Daming, Dongping, Yidu, and other routes to manufacture sheepskin coats, fur caps, trousers, and boots, each in numbers of ten thousand, and send them to Kaiping. On the jisi day, because the commander of ten thousand households Shi Tianze had followed the late Emperor with merit, he was granted fifteen thousand taels of silver. Farming households of Ling Prefecture were sent back to Jingzhao. On the gengwu day Li Tan, grand commander of the Shandong branch secretariat, was granted twenty gold tally tokens and five silver tally tokens to reward meritorious officers under his command. On the guiyou day Mamma, pacification commissioner of the Yanjing route, was ordered to administer Secretariat affairs; Zhao Bi, pacification commissioner of the Yanjing route, was made grand councillor; Zhang Qiyuan was made vice grand councillor; Wang E was Hanlin academician expositor-in-chief and concurrently compiler of the national history; Shi Tianze, pacification commissioner of the Henan route, was concurrently frontier commissioner of the Jiang-Huai wing armies and horses. An edict ordered the Secretariat to grant Prince Tachar the annual tax and silks of his enfeoffment at Yidu and Ping Prefecture, and likewise to grant the households, artisans, and annual tax of the people belonging to the princes Baifu and Sirmen. An edict ordered the manufacture of Zhongtong yuanbao paper notes. Markets for mutual trade were established at Ying Prefecture, Lianshui, and Guanghua Army. Ahai, grand marshal of the Beijing route, asked exemption from corvée and tax for the soldiers under his command; the request was granted. When Song forces struck the border garrisons, the Emperor ordered Taiyin, Qielie, and Mangudai to combine their commands and drive them back. An edict went out praising and rewarding Li Tan, Grand Governor of the Branch Secretariat. The Emperor took the field in person to suppress Ariq Böke. Liu Tianlin was ordered to provision relay horses for the Xijin post station at the Central Capital.
20
八月丙午，授中書左丞、行大名等路宣撫使張文謙虎符。 丁未，詔都元帥紐璘所過毋擅捶掠官吏。 己酉，立秦蜀行中書省，以京兆等路宣撫使廉希憲為中書省右丞，行省事。 宋兵臨漣州，李亶乞諸道援兵。 癸丑，賜必阇赤塔剌渾銀二千五百兩。 李亶乞遣將益兵，渡淮攻宋，以方遣使修好，不從。 癸亥，澤州、潞州旱，民饑，敕賑之。
In the eighth month, on bingwu day, Zhang Wenqian—Left Associate of the Central Secretariat and acting Pacification Commissioner for Daming and other circuits—was given a tiger tally. On dingwei day an edict forbade Grand Marshal Niuchin to beat or plunder officials along his route. On jiyou day the Qin-Shu Branch Secretariat was established, with Lian Xixian of the Jingzhao Pacification Commission made its Right Associate to conduct branch affairs. Song forces pressed Lianzhou, and Li Tan asked every circuit for reinforcements. On guichou day the imperial secretary Targhun received two thousand five hundred taels of silver. Li Tan asked for more generals and men to cross the Huai and strike Song, but the court refused—Song had only just sent envoys to reopen peace talks. On guihai day drought struck Ze and Lu Prefectures and the people went hungry; the court ordered relief.
21
九月丁卯，帝在轉都兒哥之地，以阿裏不哥遺命，下詔諭中外。 乙亥，李亶復請攻宋，復諭止之。 壬午，初置拱衛儀仗。 是月，阿藍答兒率兵至西涼府，與渾都海軍合，詔諸王合丹、合必赤與總帥汪良臣等率師討之。 丙戌，大敗其軍於姑臧，斬阿藍答兒及渾都海，西土悉平。
In the ninth month, on dingmao day, while the Emperor was at Tendüge, he issued an edict to the whole realm on the testamentary orders left by Ariq Böke. On yihai day Li Tan again pressed for an attack on Song and was again told to hold back. On renwu day the Palace Guard ceremonial escort was established for the first time. That month Arigh Buqa marched to Xiliang Prefecture and joined Qunduqai's force; the Emperor ordered Princes Qotan and Qebek, Grand Marshal Wang Liangchen, and others to take the field against them. On bingxu day their army was shattered at Guzang; Arigh Buqa and Qunduqai were executed, and the western regions were fully pacified.
22
冬十月丁未，李亶言宋兵復軍於漣州。 癸丑，初行中統寶鈔。 戊午，車駕駐昔光之地，命給官錢，雇在京橐駝，運米萬石，輸行在所。 十一月戊子，發常平倉賑益都、濟南、濱棣饑民。
In the tenth month of winter, on dingwei day, Li Tan reported that Song forces had massed again at Lianzhou. On guichou day the Zhongtong treasure notes entered circulation for the first time. On wuwu day the court halted at Xiguang and ordered official funds used to hire camels in the capital to haul ten thousand shi of grain to the temporary palace. In the eleventh month, on wuzi day, grain from the Ever-Normal Granaries was opened to feed the hungry in Yidu, Jinan, and Bin-Di.
23
十二月丙申，以禮部郎中孟甲、禮部員外郎李文俊使安南、大理。 乙巳，李亶上將士功，命亶以益都官銀賞之。 帝至自和林，駐蹕燕京近郊。 始制祭享太廟祭器、法服。 以梵僧八合思八為帝師，授以玉印，統釋教。 立仙音院，復改為玉宸院，括樂工。 立儀鳳司，又立符寶局及禦酒庫、群牧所。 升衛輝為總管府。 賜親王穆哥銀二千五百兩； 諸王按只帶、忽剌忽兒、合丹、忽剌出、勝納合兒銀各五千兩，文綺帛各三百匹，金素半之； 諸王塔察、阿術魯鈔各五十九錠有奇，綿五千九十八斤，絹五千九十八匹，文綺三百匹，金素半之； 海都銀八百三十三兩，文綺五十匹，金素半之； 睹兒赤、也不幹銀八百五十兩； 兀魯忽帶銀五千兩，文綺三百匹，金素半之； 只必帖木兒銀八百三十三兩； 爪都、伯木兒銀五千兩，文綺三百匹，金素半之； 都魯、牙忽銀八百三十三兩，特賜綿五十斤； 阿只吉銀五千兩，文綺三百，金素半之； 先朝皇后怗古倫銀二千五百兩，羅絨等折寶鈔二十三錠有奇； 皇后斡者思銀二千五百兩； 兀魯忽乃妃子銀五千兩。 自是歲以為常。
In the twelfth month, on bingshen day, Meng Jia and Li Wenjun of the Ministry of Rites were dispatched as envoys to Annam and Dali. On yisi day Li Tan submitted the rolls of his officers' and soldiers' achievements and was ordered to pay them from Yidu's official silver. The Emperor returned from Qara Qorum and encamped near Yanjing. Sacrificial vessels and court robes for the Imperial Ancestral Temple were commissioned for the first time. 'Phags-pa the Sakya monk was made Imperial Preceptor, given a jade seal, and placed at the head of the Buddhist clergy. The Immortal Music Bureau was established, later renamed the Jade Court Bureau, and musicians were enrolled. The Ceremonial Phoenix Office was established, along with the Seal and Treasure Bureau, the Imperial Wine Storehouse, and the Herd Office. Weihui was elevated to a General Directorate Prefecture. Prince Möge received two thousand five hundred taels of silver; Princes Azhan, Qolqolus, Qotan, Qolchu, and Senaqer each received five thousand taels of silver and three hundred bolts of patterned silk, with plain silk at half that measure; Princes Taqachar and Arsluq each received fifty-nine-odd ingots of paper money, five thousand ninety-eight jin of cotton, five thousand ninety-eight bolts of silk, and three hundred bolts of patterned silk, with plain silk at half that measure; Qaidu received eight hundred thirty-three taels of silver and fifty bolts of patterned silk, with plain silk at half that measure; Töröchi and Yebuqan each received eight hundred fifty taels of silver; Ulughtai received five thousand taels of silver and three hundred bolts of patterned silk, with plain silk at half that measure; Jibtemür received eight hundred thirty-three taels of silver; Jadu and Bömür each received five thousand taels of silver and three hundred bolts of patterned silk, with plain silk at half that measure; Döru and Yaqhu each received eight hundred thirty-three taels of silver, with an additional grant of fifty jin of cotton; Ajigi received five thousand taels of silver and three hundred bolts of patterned silk, with plain silk at half that measure; The former empress Tegülen received two thousand five hundred taels of silver and twenty-three-odd ingots of treasure notes reckoned from brocade and velvet; Empress Oqojin received two thousand five hundred taels of silver; Ulughtai's consort received five thousand taels of silver. Henceforth these grants became an annual custom.
24
二年春正月辛未夜，東北赤氣照人，大如席。 乙酉，宋兵圍漣州。 己丑，李亶率將士迎戰，敗之，賜詔獎諭，給金銀符以賞將士。 庚寅，亶擅發兵修益都城塹。
In the second year, on the xinwei night of the first spring month, a red glow in the northeast filled the sky, broad as a mat. On yiyou day Song forces besieged Lianzhou. On jichou day Li Tan led his officers and men out to meet them, routed them, and received an edict of praise together with gold and silver tally tokens for his troops. On gengyin day Li Tan, on his own authority, raised troops to repair the moat around Yidu.
25
二月丁酉，太陰掩昴。 己亥，宋兵攻漣水，命阿術等帥兵赴之。 丙午，車駕幸開平。 詔減免民間差發，罷守隘諸軍。 秦蜀行省借民錢給軍，以今年稅賦償之。 免平陽、太原軍站戶重科租稅。 丁未，詔行中書省平章祃祃及王文統等率各路宣撫使赴闕。 丁巳，李亶破宋兵於沙湖堰。
In the second month, on dingyou day, the moon passed before the Pleiades. On jihai day Song forces attacked Lianshui, and Aju and others were ordered to march to its relief. On bingwu day the Emperor visited Shangdu. An edict cut corvée levies on the people and stood down the garrisons holding the frontier passes. The Qin-Shu Branch Secretariat borrowed from the people to pay the army, promising repayment from that year's taxes. The heavy extra rents and taxes imposed on military relay households in Pingyang and Taiyuan were remitted. On dingwei day the court ordered Grand Councillor Möngke, Wang Wengtong, and the other branch secretariat ministers to bring the circuit Pacification Commissioners to court. On dingsi day Li Tan routed Song forces at the Shahu weir.
26
三月壬戌朔，日有食之。 夏四月丙午，詔軍中所俘儒士聽贖為民。 辛亥，遣弓工往教鄯闡人為弓。 乙卯，詔十路宣撫使量免民間課程。 命宣撫司官勸農桑，抑遊惰，禮高年，問民疾苦，舉文學才識可以從政及茂才異等，列名上聞，以聽擢用； 其職官汙濫及民不孝悌者，量輕重議罰。 辛酉，詔太康弩軍二千八百人戍蔡州。 以禮部郎中劉芳使大理等國。
On the renxu new moon of the third month there was a solar eclipse. In the fourth month of summer, on bingwu day, an edict permitted Confucian scholars captured in the armies to buy their way back to civilian life. On xinhai day bow-makers were sent to teach the people of Dian how to make bows. On yimao day the Pacification Commissioners of the ten circuits were ordered to reduce the people's tax levies as local conditions allowed. Pacification officials were charged to promote farming and sericulture, curb idleness, honor the aged, inquire into popular hardship, and recommend men of learning and talent fit for office and men of outstanding ability, submitting their names for appointment; while corrupt officials and people lacking filial piety or brotherliness were to be punished according to the gravity of the offense. On xinyou day two thousand eight hundred crossbow troops of Taikang were ordered to garrison Caizhou. Liu Fang of the Ministry of Rites was dispatched as envoy to Dali and other states.
27
五月乙丑，禁使臣毋入民家，令止頓析津驛。 遣崔明道、李全義為詳問官，詣宋淮東制司，訪問國信使郝經等所在，仍以稽留信使、侵擾疆場詰之。 庚辰，敕使臣及軍士所過城邑，官給廩餼，毋擾於民。 丁亥，申嚴沿邊軍民越境私商之禁。 唐慶子政臣入見，詔復其家。 弛諸路山澤之禁。 禁私殺馬牛。 申嚴越境私商，販馬匹者罪死。 以河南經略宣撫使史天澤為中書右丞相，河南軍民並聽節制。 詔成都路置惠民藥局。 遣王祐於西川等路采訪醫、儒、僧、道。
In the fifth month, on yichou day, envoys were forbidden to enter private homes and were required to lodge only at the Xijin relay station. Cui Mingdao and Li Quanyi were sent as inquiry commissioners to the Song Huaidong headquarters to demand the whereabouts of the imperial envoy Hao Jing and his party, and to rebuke the Song for detaining envoys and violating the border. On gengchen day the court ordered that envoys and soldiers passing through towns were to be fed at public expense and must not trouble the people. On dinghai day the ban on frontier soldiers and civilians crossing the border to trade privately was strictly enforced. Zheng Chen, son of Tang Qing, came to audience, and an edict restored his family's standing. Restrictions on use of mountains and marshes throughout the circuits were lifted. Private slaughter of horses and cattle was forbidden. The ban on cross-border private trade was tightened: horse-traffickers were punished with death. Shi Tianze, Pacification and Military Commissioner of Henan, was made Right Grand Councillor of the Central Secretariat, with all Henan's soldiers and civilians placed under his command. An edict ordered a Public Pharmacy established in Chengdu Circuit. Wang You was sent through Xichuan and other circuits to seek out physicians, Confucians, monks, and Daoists.
28
六月癸巳，括漏籍老幼等戶，協濟編戶賦稅。 丙申，賜新附人王顯忠、王誼等衣物有差。 李亶遣人獻漣水捷。 罷諸路拘收孛蘭奚。 禁諸王擅遣使招民及征私錢。 戊戌，太陰犯角。 詔諭十路宣撫司並管民官，定鹽酒稅課等法。 癸卯，以嚴忠範為東平路行軍萬戶兼管民總管，仍諭東平路達魯花赤等官並聽節制。 詔定中外官所乘馬數各有差。 乙巳，賑火少裏驛戶之乏食者。 賞欽察所部將校有功者銀二千五百兩及幣帛有差。 己酉，命竇默仍翰林侍講學士。 默與王鶚面論王文統不宜在相位，薦許衡代之，帝不懌而罷。 辛亥，轉懿州米萬石賑親王塔察兒所部饑民。 賜親王合丹所部軍幣帛九百匹、布千九百匹。 乙卯，敕平陽路安邑縣蒲萄酒自今毋貢。 詔：「宣聖廟及管內書院，有司歲時致祭，月朔釋奠，禁諸官員使臣軍馬，毋得侵擾褻瀆，違者加罪。」 丙辰，以汪良臣同簽鞏昌路便宜都總帥，凡軍民官並聽良臣節制。 丁巳，敕諸路造人馬甲及鐵裝具萬二千，輸開平。 戊午，詔毋收衛輝、懷孟賦稅，以償其所借芻粟。 庚申，宋瀘州安撫使劉整舉城降，以整行夔府路中書省兼安撫使，佩虎符。 仍諭都元帥紐璘等使存恤其民。 賜故金翰林修撰魏璠謚靖肅。 秦蜀行省言青居山都元帥欽察等所部將校有功，詔降虎符一、金符五、銀符五十七，令行省銓定職名給之。 城臨洮。 升真定鼓城縣為晉州，以鼓城、安平、武強、饒陽隸焉。 賜僧子聰懷孟、邢州田各五十頃。 罷金、銀、銅、鐵、丹粉、錫碌坑冶所役民夫及河南舞陽姜戶、藤花戶，還之州縣。 賜大理國主段實虎符，優詔撫諭之。 命李亶領益都路鹽課。 出工局繡女，聽其婚嫁。 懷孟廣濟渠提舉王允中、大使楊端仁鑿沁河渠成，溉田四百六十餘所。 高麗國王倎更名禃，遣其世子愖奉表來朝，命宿衛將軍孛裏察、禮部郎中高逸民持詔往諭，仍以玉帶賜之。 以不花為中書右丞相，耶律鑄為中書左丞相，張啟元為中書右丞。 授管領崇慶府、黎、雅、威、茂、邛、灌七處軍民小太尉虎符。
In the sixth month, on guisi day, unregistered elderly and young households were enrolled to help registered households meet their tax obligations. On bingshen day the newly submitted Wang Xianzhong, Wang Yi, and others received grants of clothing in varying amounts. Li Tan sent messengers to report the victory at Lianshui. The round-up of Qarluq people in all circuits was abolished. Princes were forbidden to dispatch envoys on their own authority to recruit people or levy private funds. On wuxu day the moon entered the Horn constellation. An edict instructed the ten circuit Pacification Commissions to supervise civilian officials and set laws for salt, wine, and commercial taxes. On guimao day Yan Zhongfan was made Field Myriarch of Dongping Circuit and concurrently Civilian Administrator, and Dongping's darughachi and other officials were ordered to obey him. An edict fixed how many horses officials at court and in the provinces might keep, according to rank. On yisi day relay households at Huoshaoli who lacked food received relief. Officers under Qincha who had won distinction were rewarded with two thousand five hundred taels of silver and varying grants of cloth and silk. On jiyou day Dou Mo was confirmed as Hanlin Attendant Lecturer. Dou Mo argued before Wang E that Wang Wengtong was unfit for the chief ministership and recommended Xu Heng in his place; the Emperor took offense and cut the audience short. On xinhai day ten thousand shi of grain from Yizhou was sent to feed the hungry among Prince Taqachar's followers. Prince Qotan's army received nine hundred bolts of cloth and silk and one thousand nine hundred bolts of plain cloth. On yimao day the court ordered that grape wine from Anyi County in Pingyang Circuit was no longer to be sent as tribute. An edict declared: "At the Temple of the Sage and its affiliated academies, officials shall perform seasonal sacrifices and monthly offerings; no official, envoy, or military horse may intrude upon or profane the grounds—violators will be punished." On bingchen day Wang Liangchen was made co-signatory of the Qinchang Circuit Expedient Grand Marshal's office, with all military and civilian officials placed under his command. On dingsi day all circuits were ordered to manufacture twelve thousand sets of infantry armor, cavalry armor, and iron fittings and send them to Shangdu. On wuwu day the court ordered that Weihui and Huaimeng be excused their taxes to repay borrowed fodder and grain. On gengshen day Liu Zheng, Song Pacification Commissioner of Luzhou, surrendered the city; he was made Branch Secretariat Commissioner and Pacification Commissioner of Kuifu Circuit and given a tiger tally. Grand Marshal Niuchin and others were also ordered to care for the people. The posthumous title Jingsu was conferred on Wei Fan, former Hanlin Compiler under the Jin. The Qin-Shu Branch Secretariat reported merit won by officers under Grand Marshal Qincha of Qingju Mountain and others; the court granted one tiger tally, five gold tallies, and fifty-seven silver tallies and ordered the branch secretariat to fix ranks and issue them. The walls of Lintao were built. Gucheng County in Zhending was elevated to Jin Prefecture, with Gucheng, Anping, Wuqiang, and Raoyang placed under its jurisdiction. The monk Zikai received fifty qing of fields each in Huaimeng and Xingzhou. Laborers conscripted for gold, silver, copper, iron, cinnabar, and tin mines, and the ginger and rattan-flower households of Wuyang in Henan, were released back to their prefectures and counties. Duan Shi, king of Dali, received a tiger tally and was comforted with a gracious edict. Li Tan was put in charge of the salt levy of Yidu Circuit. Embroiderers held in the craft bureau were released and permitted to marry. Wang Yunzhong, Commissioner of the Huaimeng Guangji Canal, and Grand Ambassador Yang Duanren finished the Qin River canal, irrigating more than four hundred sixty estates. The king of Goryeo, formerly called Jeon, took the name Chung and sent his heir Tan with a memorial to court; Palace Guard General Borichaq and Gao Yimin of the Ministry of Rites were sent with an edict to instruct him, and a jade belt was granted besides. Buqa was made Right Grand Councillor of the Central Secretariat, Yelü Zhuo Left Grand Councillor, and Zhang Qiyuan Right Associate. The Lesser Captain in charge of the military and civilians of Chongqing Prefecture and the seven districts of Li, Ya, Wei, Mao, Qiong, and Guan received a tiger tally.
29
秋七月辛酉朔，立軍儲都轉運使司，以馬月合乃為使，周鍇為副使。 癸亥，初立翰林國史院。 王鶚請修遼、金二史，又言：「唐太宗置弘文館，宋太宗設內外學士院。 今宜除拜學士院官，作養人才。 乞以右丞相史天澤監修國史，左丞相耶律鑄、平章政事王文統監修《遼》、《金史》，仍采訪遺事。」 並從之。 賑和林饑民。 賞鞏昌路總帥汪惟正將校斬渾都海功銀二千五百兩、馬價銀四千九百兩。 諸王昌童招河南漏籍戶五百，命付之有司。 命總管王青制神臂弓、柱子弓。 諭河南管軍官於近城地量存牧場，余聽民耕。 巴思答兒乞於高麗鴨綠江西立互市，從之。 乙丑，遣使持香幣祀嶽瀆。 丁丑，渡江新附民留屯蔡州者，徙居懷孟，貸其種食。 以萬家奴為安撫高麗軍民達魯花赤，賜虎符。 庚辰，西京、宣德隕霜殺稼。 辛巳，詔許衡即其家教懷孟生徒。 命西京宣撫司造船備西夏漕運。 壬午，遣納速剌丁、孟甲等使安南。 乙酉，以牛驛雨雪，道途泥濘，改立水驛。 己丑，命煉師王道婦於真定築道觀，賜名玉華。 諭將士舉兵攻宋，詔曰：「朕即位之後，深以戢兵為念，故年前遣使於宋以通和好。 宋人不務遠圖，伺我小隙，反啟邊釁，東剽西掠，曾無寧日。 朕今春還宮，諸大臣皆以舉兵南伐為請，朕重以兩國生靈之故，猶待信使還歸，庶有悛心，以成和議，留而不至者，今又半載矣。 往來之禮遽絕，侵擾之暴不已。 彼嘗以衣冠禮樂之國自居，理當如是乎？ 曲直之分，灼然可見。 今遣王道貞往諭。 卿等當整爾士卒，礪爾戈矛，矯爾弓矢，約會諸將，秋高馬肥，水陸分道而進，以為問罪之舉。 尚賴宗廟社稷之靈，其克有勛。 卿等當宣布朕心，明諭將士，各當自勉，毋替朕命。」 鄂州青山磯、滸黃洲所招新民遷至江北者，設官領之。 敕懷孟牧地聽民耕墾。
On the xinyou new moon of the seventh autumn month the Directorate of Military Grain Transport was established, with Mayuqanai as Commissioner and Zhou Kai as Vice Commissioner. On guihai day the Hanlin Academy and National History Office were established for the first time. Wang E asked that the histories of Liao and Jin be compiled, and argued: "Emperor Taizong of Tang established the Hongwen Hall, and Emperor Taizong of Song established the inner and outer academies of scholars. It is time to appoint academy scholars and cultivate talent. I ask that Right Grand Councillor Shi Tianze supervise the national history, and Left Grand Councillor Yelü Zhuo and Grand Councillor Wang Wengtong supervise the Histories of Liao and Jin, while also gathering lost records." All was approved. The hungry in Qara Qorum received relief. Officers under Qinchang Circuit Grand Marshal Wang Weizheng who had killed Qunduqai were rewarded with two thousand five hundred taels of silver and four thousand nine hundred taels for horse prices. Prince Changtong recruited five hundred unregistered households in Henan; the court ordered them handed over to the proper offices. Administrator Wang Qing was ordered to manufacture divine-arm bows and pillar bows. Henan's military officials were told to reserve pasture near the cities as needed and leave the rest open to farming. Basidar asked to establish a market west of the Yalu in Goryeo, and the request was granted. On yichou day envoys were sent with incense and silks to sacrifice to the sacred mountains and rivers. On dingchou day newly submitted people who had crossed the river and been kept at Caizhou were resettled in Huaimeng and loaned seed and food. Wanjianu was made darughachi for the pacification of Goryeo's soldiers and civilians and given a tiger tally. On gengchen day frost in Xijing and Xuande destroyed the crops. On xinsi day Xu Heng was permitted to teach Huaimeng students in his own home. The Xijing Pacification Commission was ordered to build ships for grain transport to Western Xia. On renwu day Nasir al-Din, Meng Jia, and others were dispatched as envoys to Annam. On yiyou day, because rain and snow had mired the ox relay routes, water relay stations were established instead. On jichou day the Daoist priestess Wang Daofu was ordered to build a temple in Zhending; it was named Yuhua. Officers and soldiers were ordered to take the field against Song; the edict read: "Since my accession I have deeply wished to still the armies, and so last year I sent envoys to Song to reopen friendly relations. Song did not look to the long view; watching for the smallest opening, they reopened the border war, raiding east and west until there was no day of peace. This spring, when I returned to court, my ministers all urged a southern campaign; out of regard for the lives of both peoples I still waited for the envoys to return, hoping Song might repent and peace be made—but those who never came have now been absent half a year. Courtesies of exchange were abruptly cut off, and raids did not cease. They styled themselves a land of rites, robes, and music—is this how such a land behaves? Right and wrong in the matter are plain for all to see. Now Wang Daozhen is sent to instruct them. Ready your soldiers, sharpen your spears, straighten your bows, assemble the generals, and when autumn is high and horses are fat, advance by land and water in separate columns on a punitive expedition. We still rely on the spirits of the ancestral temple and the altars of soil and grain—may success attend you. Proclaim my intent, instruct the officers and soldiers clearly, let each exert himself, and do not fail my command." Newly submitted people recruited at Qingshanji and Huhuangzhou in E Prefecture and resettled north of the river were placed under appointed officials. Pasture lands in Huaimeng were opened to farming.
30
八月壬辰，賜故金補闕李大節謚貞肅。 丁酉，命開平守臣釋奠於宣聖廟。 戊戌，以燕京等路宣撫使賽典赤為平章政事，敕以賀天爵為金齒等國安撫使，忽林伯副之，仍招諭使安其民。 己亥，諭武衛軍都指揮使李伯祐汰本軍疲老者，選精銳代之，給海青銀符一，有奏，馳驛以聞。 辛丑，以宣撫使粘合南合為中書右丞，闊闊為中書左丞，賈文備為開元女直水達達等處宣撫使，賜虎符。 以宋降將王青為總管，教武衛軍習射。 乙巳，禁以俘掠婦女為娼。 丙午，太白犯歲星。 以許衡為國子祭酒。 丁未，以姚樞為大司農，竇默仍翰林侍講學士。 先是，以樞為太子太師，衡為太子太傅，默為太子太保，樞等以不敢當師傅禮，皆辭不拜，故復有是命。 初立勸農司，以陳邃、崔斌、成仲寬、粘合從中為濱棣、平陽、濟南、河間勸農使，李士勉、陳天錫、陳膺武、忙古帶為邢洺、河南、東平、涿州勸農使。 己酉，命大名等路宣撫使歲給翰林侍講學士竇默、太醫副使王安仁衣糧，賜田以為永業。 甲寅，賞董文炳所將渡江及北征有功者二十二人，銀各五十兩。 封順天等路萬戶張柔為安肅公，濟南路萬戶張榮為濟南公。 陜西四川行省乞就決邊方重刑，不允。 詔陜西四川行省存恤歸附軍民。 詔：「自今使臣有矯稱上命者，有司不得聽受。 諸王、后妃、公主、駙馬非聞奏，不許擅取官物。」 賜慶壽寺、海雲寺陸地五百頃。 敕西京運糧於沙井，北京運糧於魚兒泊。 立檀州驛。 頒斗斛權衡。 賑桓州饑民。 賜諸王塔察兒金千兩、銀五千兩、幣三百匹。 給阿石寒甲價銀千二百兩。 核實新增戶口，措置諸路轉輸法。 命劉整招懷夔府、嘉定等處民戶。 宋私商七十五人入宿州，議置於法，詔宥之，還其貨，聽榷場貿易。 仍檄宋邊將還北人之留南者。
In the eighth month, on renchen day, the posthumous title Zhensu was conferred on Li Dajie, former Remonstrance Officer under the Jin. On dingyou day the Shangdu garrison commander was ordered to perform the offering at the Temple of the Sage. On wuxu day Saidianchi, Pacification Commissioner of Yanjing and other circuits, was made Grand Councillor; He Tianjue was made Pacification Commissioner of the Gold Teeth and other states with Hulimbu as deputy, and ordered to summon the people and settle them. On jihai day Li Boyou, Commander-in-Chief of the Palace Guard, was told to weed out the aged and weak and replace them with picked men; he received one sea-eagle silver tally and, on urgent business, might ride the relay post to report. On xinchou day Pacification Commissioner Naiman Naiman was made Right Associate of the Central Secretariat, Kuoku Left Associate, and Jia Wenbei Pacification Commissioner of Kaiyuan, Jurchen, Shuīdada, and other regions, and given a tiger tally. Wang Qing, a Song defector, was made Administrator and ordered to drill the Palace Guard in archery. On yisi day the court forbade making captive women into prostitutes. On bingwu day Venus passed Jupiter. Xu Heng was made Director of the Imperial Academy. On dingwei day Yao Shu was made Grand Minister of Agriculture, and Dou Mo remained Hanlin Attendant Lecturer. Earlier Shu had been named Grand Preceptor to the Heir Apparent, Heng Grand Mentor, and Mo Grand Guardian; all three, not daring to accept a tutor's rites, had declined—hence these new appointments. The Agriculture Promotion Office was established, with Chen Sui, Cui Bin, Cheng Zhongkuan, and Naiman Congzhong as promoters for Bin-Di, Pingyang, Jinan, and Hejian, and Li Shimian, Chen Tianxi, Chen Yingwu, and Mangudai for Xing-Ming, Henan, Dongping, and Zhuo Prefecture. On jiyou day the Pacification Commissioner of Daming and other circuits was ordered to supply Hanlin Lecturer Dou Mo and Imperial Medical Vice Director Wang Anren with annual clothing and grain, and fields were granted them as permanent estates. On jiayin day twenty-two men who had crossed the river and won merit in Dong Wenbing's northern campaign each received fifty taels of silver. Zhang Rou, Myriarch of Shuntian and other circuits, was enfeoffed Duke of Ansu; Zhang Rong, Myriarch of Jinan Circuit, Duke of Jinan. The Shaanxi-Sichuan Branch Secretariat asked to decide serious frontier cases on the spot; the request was denied. The Shaanxi-Sichuan Branch Secretariat was ordered to care for submitted soldiers and civilians. An edict declared: "Henceforth, if envoys falsely claim imperial orders, officials must not obey. Princes, consorts, princesses, and imperial sons-in-law may not take government goods without reporting to the throne." Five hundred qing of land were granted to Qing Shou Temple and Haiyun Temple. Xijing was ordered to transport grain to Shajing and Beijing to Yuripo. The Tanzhou relay station was established. Standard measures for dou, hu, and weights were issued. The hungry in Huanzhou received relief. Prince Taqachar received one thousand taels of gold, five thousand taels of silver, and three hundred bolts of cloth. One thousand two hundred taels of silver were granted for Ashihan's armor. Newly added households were verified and transport methods for all circuits were arranged. Liu Zheng was ordered to summon and win over households in Kuifu, Jiading, and other places. Seventy-five Song private traders entered Suzhou; though the law called for punishment, an edict pardoned them, returned their goods, and allowed trade at the controlled markets. A dispatch was also sent to Song frontier generals demanding the return of northerners detained in the south.
31
九月庚申朔，詔以忽突花宅為中書省署。 奉遷祖宗神主於聖安寺。 癸亥，邢州安撫使張耕告老，詔以其子鵬翼代之。 武衛親軍都指揮使李伯祐、董文炳言：「武衛軍疲老者，乞補換，仍存恤其家。」 從之。 丙寅，詔以粘合南合行中興府中書省。 戊辰，大司農姚樞請以儒人楊庸教孔、顏、孟三氏子孫，東平府詳議官王鏞兼充禮樂提舉。 詔以庸為教授，以鏞特兼太常少卿。 辛未，以清、滄鹽課銀償往歲所貸民錢給公費者。 置和糴所於開平，以戶部郎中宋紹祖為提舉和糴官。 丙子，諭諸王、駙馬，凡民間詞訟無得私自斷決，皆聽朝廷處置。 河南民王四妻靳氏一產三男，命有司量給贍養。 敕今歲田租輸沿河近倉，官為轉漕，不可勞民。 癸未，以甘肅等處新罹兵革，民務農安業者為戍兵所擾，遣阿沙、焦端義往撫治之。 以海青銀符二、金符十給中書省，量軍國事情緩急，付乘驛者佩之。 以開元路隸北京宣撫司。 真定路官民所貸官錢，貧不能償，詔免之。 王鶚請於各路選委博學老儒一人，提舉本路學校，特詔立諸路提舉學校官，以王萬慶、敬鉉等三十人充之。 敕燕京、順天等路續制人甲五千、馬甲及鐵裝具各二千。
On the gengshen new moon of the ninth month Hutuhua's residence was ordered to serve as the Central Secretariat office. The ancestral spirit tablets were reverently moved to Sheng'an Temple. On guihai day Zhang Geng, Pacification Commissioner of Xingzhou, sought retirement; the court ordered his son Pengyi to succeed him. Li Boyou and Dong Wenbing, Commanders-in-Chief of the Palace Guard, reported: "The aged and weak of the guard beg to be replaced, and their families should be cared for." The request was granted. On bingyin day Naiman Naiman was ordered to conduct Central Secretariat affairs at Zhongxing Prefecture. On wuchen day Grand Minister of Agriculture Yao Shu asked that the Confucian Yang Yong teach the descendants of the Kong, Yan, and Meng clans, and that Wang Yong of Dongping, Detailed Review Officer, also serve as Commissioner for Rites and Music. Yang Yong was made Professor, and Wang Yong was specially appointed Vice Director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices as well. On xinwei day silver from the Qing and Cang salt levies repaid money borrowed from the people the previous year for public expenses. A Grain Purchase Office was established at Shangdu, with Song Shaozu of the Ministry of Revenue as Commissioner of Grain Purchase. On bingzi day princes and imperial sons-in-law were told they might not judge civil lawsuits privately—all were to await the court's disposition. Jin Shi, wife of Wang Si of Henan, gave birth to three sons at one delivery; officials were ordered to grant support as appropriate. This year's field rent was to be delivered to nearby river granaries, with the government handling transport so the people would not be overburdened. On guiwei day, because people in Gansu and other regions, newly scarred by war, were being harassed by garrison soldiers while trying to farm, Asha and Jiao Duanyi were sent to pacify them. Two sea-eagle silver tallies and ten gold tallies were given to the Central Secretariat to issue, according to the urgency of military and state affairs, to those riding the relay post. Kaiyuan Circuit was placed under the Beijing Pacification Commission. Officials and people of Zhending who had borrowed government money and were too poor to repay were pardoned by edict. Wang E asked that one learned elder Confucian be chosen in each circuit to supervise its schools; by special edict the office of Circuit Supervisor of Schools was established, with Wang Wanqing, Jing Xuan, and thirty others appointed. Yanjing, Shuntian, and other circuits were ordered to manufacture an additional five thousand sets of infantry armor and two thousand each of cavalry armor and iron fittings.
32
冬十月庚寅朔，詔鳳翔府種田戶隸平陽兵籍，毋令出征，務耕屯以給軍餉。 辛卯，陜西四川行省上言：「軍務急速，若待奏報，恐失事機。」 詔與都元帥紐璘會議行之。 遣道士訾洞春代祀東海廣德王廟。 壬辰，敕火兒赤、奴懷率所部略地淮西。 丁酉，敕愛亦伯等及陜西宣撫司校核不魯歡、阿藍塔兒所貸官銀。 庚子，以右丞張啟元行中書省於平陽、太原等路。 括西京兩路官民，有壯馬皆從軍，令宣德州楊庭訓統之，有力者自備甲仗，無力者官與供給。 兩路奧魯官並在家軍人，凡有馬者並付新軍劉總管統領。 昂吉所管西夏軍，並豐州、蕁麻林、夏水阿剌渾皆備鞍馬甲仗，及孛魯歡所管兵，凡徒行者市馬給之，並令從軍，違者以失誤軍期論。 修燕京舊城。 命平章政事趙璧、左三部尚書怯烈門率蒙古、漢軍駐燕京近郊、太行一帶，東至平灤，西控關陜，應有險阻，於附近民內選諳武事者，修立堡寨守禦。 以河南屯田萬戶史權為江漢大都督，依舊戍守。 又選銳卒三千付史樞管領，於燕京近郊屯駐。 壬寅，命亳州張柔、歸德邸浹、睢州王文幹、水軍解成、張榮實、東平嚴忠嗣、濟南張宏七萬戶，以所部兵來會。 罷東平會計前任官侵用財賦。 甲辰，宋兵攻瀘州，劉整擊敗之。 詔賞整銀五千兩，幣帛二千匹。 失裏答、劉元振守禦有功，各賞銀五百兩，將士銀萬兩、幣帛千匹。 乙巳，詔指揮副使鄭江將千人赴開平，指揮使董文炳率善射者千人由魚兒泊赴行在所，指揮使李伯祐率余兵屯潮河川。 壬子，詔霍木海、乞帶等自得勝口至中都預備糧餉芻粟。 丙辰，詔平章政事塔察兒率軍士萬人，由古北口西便道赴行在所。
On the gengyin new moon of the tenth winter month, farming households of Fengxiang Prefecture were entered in the Pingyang military register, exempted from campaign, and set to garrison farming to supply the army. On xinmao day the Shaanxi-Sichuan Branch Secretariat memorialized: "Military affairs are urgent; waiting for approval may cost us the moment." The court ordered them to consult Grand Marshal Niuchin before acting. The Daoist priest Zi Dongchun was sent to sacrifice at the Temple of the Broad Virtue King of the Eastern Sea in the Emperor's stead. On renchen day Qorichi and Nuqai were ordered to lead their commands in raiding Huaidong. On dingyou day Ai Yibai and others, together with the Shaanxi Pacification Commission, were ordered to audit government silver loaned by Buluqan and Alantar. On gengzi day Right Associate Zhang Qiyuan was ordered to conduct Central Secretariat affairs in Pingyang, Taiyuan, and other circuits. Officials and people of the two Xijing circuits who owned strong horses were all to join the army under Yang Tingxun of Xuande—the able-bodied supplying their own arms, the rest receiving them from the government. Ordu officials and soldiers at home in both circuits who owned horses were all placed under Administrator Liu of the new army. The Western Xia army under Angji, with Fengzhou, Semalin, and Xia Shui Alahun, were all to be equipped with saddles, horses, armor, and weapons; among Boluqan's troops, any who marched on foot were to be given purchased horses—all were ordered to join the campaign, and violators were to be judged for missing the army deadline. Work began on restoring Yanjing's old city. The Emperor ordered Grand Councilor Zhao Bi and Qieliemen, Minister of the Left Three Departments, to lead Mongol and Han forces into the suburbs of Yanjing and the Taihang range — east as far as Pingluan, west holding the passes into Guan and Shaan. At every strategic point they were to recruit militarily skilled men from the local population and erect fortresses to guard them. Shi Quan, the ten-thousand-household commander of Henan's agricultural colonies, was appointed Grand Commander of the Jiang-Han region and ordered to hold his posts as before. Three thousand crack troops were additionally selected, placed under Shi's command, and encamped on the outskirts of Yanjing. On renyin day the seven wanhu commanders — Zhang Rou of Bozhou, Di Xie of Guide, Wang Wengan of Suizhou, the naval leaders Jie Cheng and Zhang Rongshi, Yan Zhongsi of Dongping, and Zhang Hong of Jinan — were summoned with their forces to assemble. Former officers of the Dongping accounting bureau who had misappropriated revenues were removed from office. On jiachen day Song troops assaulted Luzhou, and Liu Zheng routed them. Liu Zheng was rewarded by edict with five thousand taels of silver and two thousand bolts of silk. Shirimdai and Liu Yuanzhen, rewarded for their successful defense, each received five hundred taels of silver; the officers and soldiers under them were granted ten thousand taels of silver and one thousand bolts of silk. On yisi day edicts directed Vice Commander Zheng Jiang to march a thousand men to Kaiping; Commander Dong Wenbing to bring a thousand crack archers by way of Yur'er Lake to the imperial camp; and Commander Li Boyou to hold the rest of the force at the Chahe River. On renzi day Hoqum, Qitai, and their officers were ordered to stock grain, provisions, and fodder along the route from Desheng Pass to the Central Capital. On bingchen day Grand Councilor Tachar was commanded to march ten thousand soldiers by the western route through Gubeikou to join the Emperor.
33
十一月壬戌，大兵與阿裏不哥遇於昔木土腦兒之地，諸王合丹等斬其將合丹火兒赤及其兵三千人，塔察兒與合必赤等復分兵奮擊，大破之，追北五十餘里。 帝親率諸軍以躡其後，其部將阿脫等降，阿裏不哥北遁。 庚午，太陰犯昴。 壬申，詔免今年賦稅。 癸酉，駐蹕帖買和來之地。 以尚書怯烈門、平章趙璧兼大都督，率諸軍從塔察兒北上。 分蒙古軍為二，怯烈門從麥肖出居庸口，駐宣德德興府； 訥懷從阿忽帶出古北口，駐興州。 帝親將諸萬戶漢軍及武衛軍，由檀、順州駐潮河川。 敕官給芻糧，毋擾居民。 罷十路宣撫司，止存開元路。 命諸路市馬二萬五千餘匹，授蒙古軍之無馬者。 丁丑，征諸路宣撫司官赴中都。 移蹕於速木合打之地。 詔漢軍屯懷來、縉山。 鷹坊阿裏沙及阿散兄弟二人以擅離扈從伏誅。
On renxu day of the eleventh month the main army met Ariq Böke at Shimultu Nar. Prince Kadan and his brothers cut down the rebel general Qadan Qočin along with three thousand of his men; Tachar, Köke Böke, and the rest then divided their forces and pressed the attack, breaking the enemy completely and chasing them north for more than fifty li. The Emperor himself led the armies in pursuit. Ariq Böke's officers Atai and others came over, and Ariq Böke fled north. On gengwu day the moon entered the Pleiades. On renshen day an edict remitted the year's taxes. On guiyou day the Emperor encamped at Temeghalai. Qieliemen, Minister of State, and Grand Councilor Zhao Bi were appointed concurrent Grand Commanders and ordered to march the armies north in Tachar's wake. The Mongol forces were split in two. Qieliemen, marching with Maixiao, passed through Juyong Pass and halted at Xuande Dexing Prefecture; Nequai, marching with Aqutai, passed through Gubeikou and halted at Xingzhou. The Emperor himself took command of the wanhu Han contingents and the Imperial Guard, moving through Tan and Shunzhou to encamp at the Chahe River. An edict provided that fodder and grain be issued by the state and that the local population not be disturbed. The ten circuit pacification commissions were disbanded, leaving only Kaiyuan Circuit. The circuits were ordered to purchase more than twenty-five thousand horses and distribute them to Mongol troops who lacked mounts. On dingchou day the pacification commissioners of every circuit were summoned to the Central Capital. The imperial camp was moved to Sumughatai. Han troops were ordered to encamp at Huailai and Jinshan. Alisha of the Falconry Office and the two brothers Asan were put to death for abandoning the imperial retinue without leave.
34
十二月庚寅，詔封皇子真金為燕王，領中書省事。 辛卯，熒惑犯房。 壬辰，熒惑犯鉤鈐。 癸巳，以昌、撫、蓋利泊等處薦罹兵革，免今歲租賦。 甲午，師還，詔撤所在戍兵，放民間新簽軍。 命太常少卿王鏞教習大樂。 壬寅，以隆寒命諸王合必赤所部軍士無行帳者，聽舍民居。 命陜蜀行中書省給綏德州等處屯田牛、種、農具。 初立宮殿府，秩正四品，專職營繕。 立尚食局、尚藥局。 初設控鶴五百四人，以劉德為軍使領之。 立異樣局達魯花赤，掌御用織造，秩正三品，給銀印。 賜諸王金銀幣帛如歲例。 是歲，天下戶一百四十一萬八千四百九十有九，斷死罪四十六人。
On gengyin day of the twelfth month an edict invested Crown Prince Zhenjin as Prince of Yan and placed him at the head of the Secretariat. On xinmao day Mars entered the Fang asterism. On renchen day Mars entered Gouqian. On guisi day, as Chang, Fu, Gailibo, and neighboring districts had again been ravaged by war, the year's land tax was remitted. On jiawu day the army returned. An edict recalled the garrisons and released the newly conscripted commoners from military service. Wang Yong, Vice Director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, was charged with training the court musicians in the great ceremonial music. On renyin day, owing to the bitter cold, soldiers under Prince Köke Böke who had no field tents were allowed to take shelter in private houses. The Shaan-Shu Branch Secretariat was directed to provide Suide Prefecture and other districts with oxen, seed grain, and farm tools for the agricultural colonies. The Palace Construction Office was established for the first time, at the fourth rank, with sole charge of building and maintenance. The Imperial Food Service Bureau and the Pharmaceutical Bureau were established. An imperial Crane Guard of four hundred and four men was first organized, with Liu De appointed military commissioner to command them. A darughachi of the Special Weaves Bureau was appointed to oversee imperial textile manufacture, at the third rank, and given a silver seal. The princes received their customary annual grants of gold, silver, and silks. That year the empire registered 1,418,499 households and carried out forty-six death sentences.