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卷八 本紀第八: 世祖五

Volume 8 Annals 8: Shizu 5

Chapter 8 of 元史 · History of Yuan
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1
宿 使 西 西
In the tenth year, on the yimao new moon of the first month of spring, King Wang Chŏn of Goryeo sent crown prince Wang Chŏm to court. On wuwu day an edict ordered that imperial commands hereafter be written entirely in the national script. Xindu, Zheng Wen, and Hong Chaqiu were ordered against Tamna. Ai Xianbuhua, wanhu of Suzhou, asked to build a fortress on Ox Head Mountain to choke grain transport on the two Huai routes; the request was denied. Ai Xianbuhua then said, "When the Song fortified Wuhe earlier, every officer of the army command should have been punished. If we do not build now, the Song may seize the advantage." The Emperor said, "What you say is true, but if you stand by while the Song garrison it, you will not escape guilt either." Envoys from Annam returned reporting that Chen Guangbing had received the edict without performing obeisance. The Central Secretariat sent a written rebuke; Guangbing pleaded local custom. The capital medical institute Esen the Muslim had founded was renamed the Bureau of Broad Benefits. On jiwei day disturbance of the people by hawk yards and books of yin-yang divination and portents was forbidden. On guihai day Ala Haiya and others stormed Fancheng and took it. Defending commander Lu Wenhuan, terrified, sued for surrender. The Central Secretariat learned by relay and sent the former captive Tang Yongjian with an edict to instruct him. On dingmao day the Directorate of the Imperial Library was established. On wuchen day one thousand suits of armor were granted to the Prince of Beiping. Two storehouses, Military Equipment and Ever Full, were set up to manage bows, arrows, and armor separately. On gengwu day Shaanxi tummen troops were conscripted. On jimao day the Sichuan branch secretariat reported, "Song general Zazu Wanshou is attacking Chengdu. Yesudai'er's cavalry is campaigning against Jiandu and has not returned. We propose conscripting six thousand new troops from Jingzhao and other routes as reinforcements." The proposal was approved. An edict sent Zhasuha Yahashan and Cui Shao with one hundred thousand taels of gold, ordering Prince Aq Buqa to buy medicines in Ceylon. On renwu day meritorious soldiers under Heke's eastern Chuan command were rewarded. Heke asked to establish two garrisons at Yunmen Mountain north of the Qu River and Tiger Head Mountain on the Jialing's west bank, submitted maps, and requested twenty thousand additional troops. An edict granted five thousand newly conscripted troops from Jingzhao to reinforce them.
2
使 西使
On bingxu day of the second month, because the empress and crown prince had received seals and regalia, Director of Ceremonies He Dan was sent to report it at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On bingshen day Axu, chieftain of Luoyu in Yunnan, rebelled. An edict ordered officials to settle the people and offered a reward for capturing and killing him. Adjudication official Maixiao was sent to audit revenues and grain accounts of the Chuan-Shaanxi branch secretariat. An edict reviewed Marasila, Qitai Tuoyin, and Liu Yuan, envoys to Burma, directing them to send sons, brothers, and close ministers to court. King Wang Chŏn of Goryeo, with imperial armies campaigning against Tamna, asked for orders forbidding captive plunder and allowing him to manufacture weapons; the request was granted. On dingwei day Lu Wenhuan, Song grand coordinator of Jingxi and prefect of Xiangyang, surrendered the city.
3
使 殿 西
On the jiayin new moon of the third month an edict again directed the Commission of Agriculture to send envoys on circuit to promote farming and see that the work succeeded. On yichou day the Privy Council was ordered to have Lu Wenhuan of Xiangyang lead his officers to the capital; veteran-coupon troops and townspeople were to remain in Xiangyang with fields and oxen granted them; new-coupon troops were to be assigned among the various wanhu wings. Wenhuan and his party left Xiangyang, escorted by selected capable Mongols and Han. On bingyin day the Emperor attended the Broad Cold Hall. Acting grand commandant and right chancellor Antong was sent to invest the empress of the Hongjira clan with jade seal and regalia; acting grand commandant and associate privy councillor Bayan was sent to invest Crown Prince Zhenjin with gold seal and regalia. On xinwei day, because the empress and crown prince had received seals and regalia, an edict proclaimed it throughout the realm. Liu Zheng asked to train fifty or sixty thousand naval troops and build two thousand warships at Xingyuan, Jin, Yang, Bianliang, and elsewhere; the request was granted. On renshen day the state of Jinzhi was split into two circuits. On guiyou day a guest star, blue-white as powdered floss, rose from Bi, passed north of Wuche, threaded Wenchang through the Dipper handle, crossed Geng River to Left Sheti, and lasted twenty-one days. Former left chancellor Yelü Zhu was made grand councillor for military and state affairs; left associate Zhang Hui became right associate. The Emperor traveled to Shangdu. Yan Zhongfan of western Shu was dismissed for misconduct; Chaqilhua and others were sent to pacify the army and people. The Zhongxing branch secretariat was abolished.
4
使 西 便西使
On the guiwei new moon of the fourth month of summer Ala Haiya invested Lu Wenhuan, who had come to court, as grand general of manifest valor, commander of the imperial guard, and grand governor of Xiang-Han, with graded rewards for his officers. At the time generals, chancellors, and leading ministers all urged a southern campaign on grounds of Song offenses. Yao Shu, Xu Heng, Tushan Gonglu, and others were summoned by relay post to advise on strategy. Gonglu replied, "With bamboo-splitting momentum, to sweep the Three Wu — this is the moment." The Emperor agreed. An edict abolished the Henan branch secretariat and placed Shi Tianze, grand councillor for military and state affairs, Aju, grand councillor, and Ala Haiya, vice grand councillor, in charge of the Jinghu branch privy council at Xiangyang; left chancellor He Dan, concurrent secretariat associate Liu Zheng, and Shandong grand marshals Tachu and Dong Wenbing were placed in charge of the Huai-Xi branch privy council at Zhengyang. Tianze and the others took their leave at audience. An edict told them that south of Xiangyang lay many fortresses and stockades that might be taken by timely advance. Five thousand ingots of paper money were also granted to reward the troops and relieve newly submitted soldiers and civilians. On jiashen day monopoly taxes on Longxing Circuit were remitted for three years. On dingyou day an edict ordered the government to redeem southern scholars kidnapped and sold into bondage and restore them to civilian status. On xinchou day the Sichuan branch secretariat was abolished. Wang Liangchen, convenient commander-in-chief of Gongchang's twenty-four districts, took charge of the western Chuan privy council; Heke, eastern Chuan army commander of Lang, Peng, Guangan, Shunqing, Kuifu, and Lizhou routes, took charge of the eastern Chuan privy council; deputy commander Wang Zhongren became co-signatory of the branch privy council; Wang Liangchen was ordered to lead his troops there at once.
5
On the renzi new moon of the fifth month the old system for civil and military officials was restored, with promotion every three years. On jiayin day masterless soldiers following main armies in killing and plunder were forbidden; those willing to enlist were allowed. On wuchen day an edict read, "Prisoners throughout the realm, except murderers awaiting sentence, are all to be released on bail, required to reach the capital by the eighth month; those who arrive on time shall all be pardoned." On yihai day an edict remitted silk and silver that civilians paid on behalf of conscript households and taxes on woodcutting households. Those unable to repay official debts from the previous dynasty were not to be pursued. Custodians who had lost official funds were flogged and released. Soldiers killed in battle and construction artisans without adult labor or property received additional rations according to need. Xiong and Yi Prefectures were again placed under capital jurisdiction. On gengchen day Orghuz and other meritorious Xiangyang wanhu received graded rewards of silver, paper money, and clothing.
6
西 使 使 西 西
On yiyou day of the sixth month famine among the people under Prince Tachar was relieved. On dinghai day bow, arrow, and armor artisans of every route were placed under the Military Equipment Directorate. Corvée and tax levies on the Dadu and Nanjing circuits were remitted to ease the people's burden. Post stations at Ganzhou and elsewhere were given relief. On xinmao day impoverished and distressed Shaanxi troops were weeded out. Because Liu Zheng and Ala Haiya could not get along, the army was split in two, each commanding one part. On guisi day Xiangyang was ordered to build one thousand war vessels. On jiawu day the Resources Storehouse was renamed the Directorate of Utility. On dingyou day pacification commissions were established at Guang Prefecture and elsewhere. On wushen day Xindu's pacification forces reached Tamna and pacified the territory. An edict made Shimir pacification commissioner of Tamna, with Yin Bangbao as deputy. The Arch Guard was promoted to a commanderate. Zhao Liangbi, envoy to Japan, reached Dazaifu and returned, submitting a full report on Japanese rulers' ranks and titles, provinces and districts, customs, and local products. On guichou day of the intercalary month all circuits were ordered to make ten thousand suits of armor and five thousand bows for the Huai-Xi branch privy council. On jisi day the eastern and western Chuan army commands were abolished. On xinwei day, with the Hanlin Academy compiling the national history, an edict ordered collection of facts from successive reigns for compilation. On bingzi day grand councillor Sayyid Ajall was placed in charge of Yunnan, commanding the tribes of Helazhang, Yachi, Chike, Jinzhi, and Chaghanzhang; he received twenty-five thousand taels of silver and five hundred ingots of paper money.
7
殿 西
On xinsi day of the seventh month of autumn eight hundred Jin Prefecture troops and the army command returned to Chengdu; one thousand Hulanchi troops were assigned to eastern Chuan. On renwu day, with the Imperial Ancestral Temple under repair and spirit tablets to be moved to a side hall, Ulghulghudai and Zhang Wenqian were sent to sacrifice and announce it. On bingxu day the Privy Council was ordered: "Xiangyang new-coupon troops without wives and children are to be sent to the capital with added guards; the aged and sick are to be sent home." On gengyin day Henan flooded. Grain was issued to relieve the people, and this year's field tax was remitted. Xiliang Prefecture was merged into Yongchang Circuit. On wushen day King Wang Chŏn of Goryeo sent Duke of Shun'an Wang Chong and associate privy councillor Song Zongli to congratulate the completion of the empress's and crown prince's investiture.
8
On the gengxu new moon of the eighth month twenty-two criminals released from all routes who had come of their own accord to the capital were pardoned. On jiayin day the wife of Liu Tie of Baoji County, Fengxiang, gave birth to triplets; the household was exempted from levies for three years. On dingchou day, the Emperor's birthday, King Wang Chŏn of Goryeo sent senior general Kim Sin with congratulations. On jimao day winter clothing was granted in graded amounts to Xiangyang new- and veteran-coupon troops.
9
西 鹿 西西 使
On xinsi day of the ninth month, with Liaodong in famine, hunting prohibitions were relaxed. Qebek was made grand councillor. On renwu day the Henan pacification commission was established to supply military needs for Jinghu and Huai-Xi. On jiashen day Xiangyang new-coupon troops reached the capital. An edict ordered Bayan to address them, release their bonds, remit capital crimes, allow them to form their own units, and send them against Japan; the Privy Council was further ordered to furnish arms and armor, grant each man paper money to marry, and select capable leaders from among Mongols and Han. On bingxu day Liu Bingzhong, Yao Shu, Wang Pan, Dou Mo, Tushan Gonglu, and others memorialized, "Xu Heng has returned home ill. If crown prince tutor Wang Xun were placed in charge of the imperial university, Heng's framework might not be lost." They also asked to increase the number of students; both requests were granted. Bingzhong and the others further memorialized to establish thirty-eight officials from tutor through chief steward of the Eastern Palace household and below. On wuzi day officials were sent to the Jinghu branch secretariat to rank meritorious officers and soldiers. Hunting within five hundred li of the capital region was forbidden. On jichou day an edict ordered that henceforth deer and swine taken in the autumn hunt be offered first at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On renchen day the Central Secretariat reported that King Wang Chŏn of Goryeo had repeatedly pleaded narrow territory and successive famine, and asked that his new-coupon troops be stationed at Dongjing. An edict ordered them to encamp within the Beijing frontier and directed Dongjing Route to transport twenty thousand shi of rice to relieve Goryeo. On dingyou day the relay stations at Zhengyang were established. An edict ordered the Henan pacification commission to transport three hundred thousand shi of rice to Heda's Huai-Xi army and to supply Huai-Xi and Jinghu military needs in graded amounts. On renyin day an edict directed that the Huitong Hostel be reserved exclusively for surrendered persons coming to court. Hanlin academician-expositor Helü Huosun was additionally put in charge of the Huitong Hostel to manage court consultations and petitions from surrendered ministers. Eastern campaign pacification commissioner Taqar asked to campaign against the Guwei tribe; the request was denied. On bingwu day the Imperial Pharmacy was established. The Emperor returned from Shangdu. Ten thousand bolts of cloth were issued to Prince Tachar's division.
10
西 殿殿 西
On yimao day in the tenth month of winter the court offered sacrifice at the imperial ancestral temple. On bingchen day registered civilians of western Sichuan and volunteer troops of eastern Sichuan were put to garrison farming to supply the garrisons at Tongchuan and Qingju. An edict ordered Bayan and Helü Huosun to consult and implement the new regulations Shi Tianze and Yao Shu had established. On gengshen day the censorate reported that confiscated bribes and fines totaled 1,300 ingots of paper currency. An edict ordered that those too poor to survive be relieved from these funds. Responsible offices had sentenced fifty men to death; an edict ordered further review. Thirteen who had killed in brawls were spared death and sent to the army; the rest were to be reviewed repeatedly before report. Setting fires on pasture lands was forbidden. Qaidar was made censor-in-chief, Xiangyang Prefecture was elevated to a route, and newly conscripted troops of Guangning Prefecture were dismissed. The main hall, sleeping hall, incense pavilion, and wing chambers along the encircling galleries were first built. Western Sichuan grand marshal Yesudai'er and Prince Oljeitu combined forces against the Jiandu tribes, captured chiefs including Xiaji and three others, took six hundred of their people, and Jiandu surrendered; officers and soldiers were rewarded in graded amounts.
11
On guiwei day in the eleventh month Buqu'er was ordered to compile the Daily Records. On dingwei day the Commission for the Promotion of Agriculture reported that the Central Secretariat had asked, with autumn grain in the capital region just harvested, to forbid farmers from double-cropping lest it interfere with fodder and pasture. The Emperor, deeming agriculture beneficial, ordered that it not be forbidden.
12
便 西 西 使 禿
On the yiyou new moon of the twelfth month An Tong and others said that Boqe Borotu had once argued zongguan prefectures held too much power and that transport commissions and military auruq offices should be established to divide it. They argued that today's civilian officials rotated by precedent without subversive designs and that separate offices would burden the people. The Emperor approved. On renzi day 1,000 ingots of paper currency were granted to wounded soldiers of Xiang and Fan. On jiayin day Song's Xia Gui attacked Zhengyang; the Huai-Xi branch secretariat routed him. On renxu day Aju was summoned to court together with Lu Wenhuan. The Commission for the Promotion of Agriculture asked to abolish hereditary offices in Western Xia and register all categories of households; the request was granted. King Chen Guangbing of Annam sent envoys bearing tribute. Prince Shegetu, assigned to military service for a crime, won repeated victories and was summoned to court. On jisi day the counties of Guolue and Zhuyang in Shanzhou were merged into Lingbao. Wanhu Xie Ruji was granted 15,000 taels of silver. Prince Borogh's son led his division with the Prince of Beiping to suppress the rebel Nie Gubo and pacified him; meritorious officers and soldiers were rewarded in graded amounts. The princes were granted gold, silver, coin, and silk according to the annual custom. That year locusts on all routes cut harvests by half, excessive rain damaged crops by ninety percent, and famine relief totaled 545,590 shi of rice. Registered households under Heaven numbered 1,962,795.
13
殿 使 西 西
In the eleventh year, on the jimao new moon of the first month of spring, the palace precincts were completed; the Emperor for the first time held court in the main hall and received New Year's greetings from the crown prince, princes, and all officials. King Wang Chŏn of Goryeo sent vice director Li Yisun and others with New Year's greetings and the annual tribute. On yiyou day Qincha, pacification commissioner of Jin Prefecture, was ordered to lead 1,000 new- and veteran-coupon troops from Xiangyang to garrison Yachi. On gengyin day regulations were first established for promoting military officers to honorary civil ranks by merit. Miscellaneous levies on military routes were remitted. Eleven thousand five hundred old and new troops under Mangudai and others were stationed to garrison Jiandu. The Jiandu Ningyuan Protectorate was established, concurrently administering a frontier market office. On renchen day the Western Sichuan garrison-farming pacification commission was established. On dingyou day a seven-day-and-night Zhou Tian golden-register ritual was performed at Changchun Palace. An edict ordered the Jinghu branch secretariat to place 30,000 troops and 5,000 water crossbow artillery crews under the Huai-Xi branch secretariat. On bingwu day Zhao Dangdao of Zhangde and others were executed for plotting rebellion; remaining followers were sentenced in varying degrees. Thirteen water relay stations were established at Khotan and Yarkand and two land relay stations north of Shazhou; jade-gathering corvée in Khotan was remitted. Ala Haiya said, "Jing and Xiang have been battlegrounds since antiquity; the upper Han is already ours, and a downstream drive will surely subdue Song." Aju also said, "In my campaigns across the Jiang and Huai I have seen Song troops weaker than before; if we do not seize them now, the moment will not come again." The Emperor urgently summoned Shi Tianze to confer. Tianze replied, "This is a great matter of state; one senior minister such as An Tong or Bayan should command all armies, and unified rule can be awaited within days. I am old, but as a deputy commander I would still suffice." The Emperor said, "Bayan can be entrusted with this task for me." Aju and Ala Haiya added, "Our southern campaign must be divided into three; existing forces are insufficient — we need 100,000 additional troops." An edict ordered the Central Secretariat to conscript 100,000 men.
14
宿
On the wushen new moon of the second month Aju's officers and soldiers and Chaqan Aghilqan the elder and others received silver and paper currency in graded amounts. On jiayin day the moon infringed upon Jing. On gengshen day vice marshal Yang Yaoyuan of Xinde fell in battle; his son inherited the post. The Ceremonial Guard Bureau was first established to manage palace gate keys and supply tents and lanterns. On renshen day 800 warships were built at Bianliang. Lian Xixian was made right vice director of the Central Secretariat and put in charge of branch secretariat affairs in Beijing and other places. The Emperor went to Shangdu.
15
使 西 西 使
On jimao day in the third month an edict exhorted King Wang Chŏn of Goryeo on farming and sericulture, and Hong Chaqiu, pacification commissioner of Goryeo military and civilians, was ordered to oversee agricultural affairs. On jichou day regiment commander Chen Yan of Lu Wenhuan's staff plotted rebellion; the two ringleaders were executed, and the staff troops with their wives and children were all ordered to move inland. On gengyin day an edict ordered Fengzhou pacification commissioner Xindu, Goryeo pacification commissioner Hong Chaqiu, and others to lead garrison-farming troops, Jurchen troops, and naval forces totaling 15,000 men, with 900 large and small warships, against Japan. Tiaomen troops were transferred to garrison Hedacheng. On xinmao day the Jinghu and Huai-Xi branch privy councils were converted into branch secretariats; Bayan and Shi Tianze were both made left grand councillors, Aju pacification commissioner, Ala Haiya right vice director, and Lu Wenhuan associate administrator, with a branch secretariat at Jinghu; Heda was made left grand councillor, Liu Zheng left vice director, and Tachu and Dong Wenbing associate administrators, with a branch secretariat at Huai-Xi. Envoys were dispatched to sacrifice at the mountains, rivers, and earth altar in the Emperor's stead. The Henan pacification commission reported that military mobilization had made transport burdensome and that military and artisan households should be levied temporarily to assist finances. The proposal was approved. On guisi day Chang De, magistrate of Huojia County, ranked first in tax collection among all counties and received exceptional reward. Yisuqidai had forcibly seized civilian rent lands, mulberry gardens, dwellings, and graves and divided them as pasture for tummen troops; an edict ordered them returned to the people. Wanhu Ali Bi had once exposed Li Tan's plot of rebellion and was killed by Tan; his son Qara Qichi inherited the post. The Jin Prefecture pacification commission was changed to a wanhu office. Yasum and Zaxin Qasi were dispatched to summon and instruct the Balur kingdom. Imperial preceptor 'Phags-pa returned to Tibet; his younger brother Rinchen inherited the seat. Construction of the Great State-Protecting Benevolent King Temple was completed.
16
西 西
On xinhai day in the fourth month of summer a circuit inspection and investigation commission was established for Shaanxi and Longyou, seated at Gongchang. On guichou day the Eastern Palace was first built. On jiayin day rumormongers who deceived the populace in the Western Capital were executed. Horses were registered on all routes to a total of 50,000. On xinwei day an edict ordered reassurance of the cities of Wadu, Yarkand, Qashgar, and others. The families of 249 soldiers killed at Xiang and Fan were each granted 100 taels of silver. On yihai day Yesudai'er was ordered to lead 1,000 men together with able-bodied men from five prefectures under Sargis to garrison Yidu.
17
宿西 沿使 西
On bingxu day in the fifth month Wang Weizheng reported that troops in his command had fled and asked to select replacements from civilian relay households; the request was granted. An edict directed that newly conscripted troops of Beijing, Dongjing, and other routes, fearing the summer heat, be temporarily stationed at Shangdu. On yiwei day privy council officials reported that under the old system only two budun of every ten Mongol soldiers receiving monthly rations were entitled to them. When Kheshig Dan Qaidan was sent to verify the numbers, 2,670 extra men were found on the rolls. An edict ordered Qaidan caned, barred from imperial guard service, and banished to the western Sichuan front to serve until death; the rest were sentenced in varying degrees. On bingshen day the imperial princess Qutluq Jalaimishi was given in marriage to Goryeo crown prince Wang Chŏm. On xinchou day an edict ordered that household silk and silver levies distributed among the people for newly conscripted troops on each route be remitted. On the bingwu new moon of the sixth month Liu Zheng requested additional armor, weapons, and water crossbow crews; these were granted. On gengxu day Jiandu warrior Qama'ili and others received silver and paper currency in graded amounts. On guichou day an edict ordered Heda to select 5,000 Mongol troops from his command to garrison riverine fortresses with Han troops as guards for courier travel. Gubilai Bator and Zhai Wenbin were further ordered to lead 10,000 troops to raid Yashan in southern Jing and pin down Song's western forces. On bingchen day conscription was remitted in Shangdu and Longxing routes. On gengshen day war was declared against Song; an edict addressed the branch secretariat and Mongol and Han wanhu and qianhu soldiers, saying:
18
使 使 西 西 使 使 西 西 使 使 殿 殿西殿 西使 使禿滿殿 使 西
On jiazi day Mangudai, Badu, and Baijanu were separately dispatched to lead the Imperial Guard south on campaign. On bingyin day Qara Qasun was made left chancellor of the Central Secretariat and Cui Bin associate administrator, who was also to conduct Henan Circuit pacification commissioner affairs. An edict ordered the responsible offices to review Yan'an's newly levied troops and exempt those too poor to serve. On wuchen day an investigating censor said: "The Jiang-Huai region has not yet submitted, and commanders are lacking. Now Ariq Haiya's son Husu Haiya and Liu Zheng's son Gai have been put in chief command—they know nothing of warfare and lack public esteem; they should be removed according to the precedent for younger brothers and sons." The recommendation was approved. In autumn, the seventh month, on the yihai new moon, an edict ordered Shanbei Liaodong Circuit's surveillance commissioner Urus Buqa, together with associate administrator Lian Xixian, to conduct provincial affairs at the Northern Capital; King Touliangge was not to handle affairs, and on major matters Xixian and the others were to consult with him. On yiyou day eighty-one soldiers holding life-servitude certificates were transferred to garrison farming at Karakorum. On guisi day King Wang Chŏn of Goryeo died; envoys brought his final memorial and stated that Crown Prince Chŏm was filial and careful and could be entrusted with succession. An edict ordered Zhang Huan, associate director of the Shangdu garrison commission, to invest Chŏm as king of Goryeo. On yiwei day Bayan and the others took leave at court; the Emperor told them: "Of those in antiquity who took Jiangnan well, Cao Bin alone did so. If you can refrain from killing, you will be my Cao Bin." In Xingyuan's Feng Prefecture the people presented wheat stalks with four to seven ears per stem and grain stalks with three ears. In the eighth month, on the jiachen new moon, regulations for establishing state and earth altars and enclosures were issued to all routes. On dingwei day Shi Tianze said: "Now that the great army is on the march, separate branch secretariats have been placed in Jinghu and Huai-xi; since their rank and position are not subordinate to one another, orders cannot be unified—and this will later cause failure." The Emperor agreed and restored the Huai-xi branch secretariat as a branch privy council. On guichou day the branch secretariat said: "For prefectures along the Jiang and Han not yet taken, please have Lü Wenhuan lead his followers before the walls to persuade them, so they will know our leniency and good treatment of surrendered generals—this too is a sound policy." It was approved. On jiayin day the ban on weapons in Henan was lifted. On xinwei day King Chŏm of Goryeo sent his chief privy secretary Pak Yu to congratulate the Emperor's birthday. An edict stated that newly enrolled troops from Taiyuan garrisoned far in the two Chuan were truly deserving of sympathy; the Privy Council was told to dispatch envoys to requisition grain stores and provide for their families. On bingxu day of the ninth month the branch secretariat reported that the great army had departed Xiangyang and issued proclamations to Song prefectural officials, garrison commanders, and the populace. On guisi day the army halted at Yanshan, twenty li from Ying Prefecture. More than a hundred thousand Song troops held Ying, flanking the Han River; they walled Wansheng Fort, deployed a thousand warships on both banks, stretched iron chains across the river through dozens of large vessels, and blocked the Yuan fleet from descending. Only at Huangjiawan was there a stream passing through Yaozi Mountain into Tang Harbor and reaching the Yangzi; the Song also built a dam there, walled a fort, garrisoned troops, and moored hundreds of boats tied to the dam. Bayan directed the armies to storm and capture it, broke through the dam, hauled boats into the stream, emerged at Tang Harbor, and advanced in formation. The imperial procession returned from Shangdu. In winter, the tenth month, on jiyou day, an offering was made at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On gengshen day the Changhexi wanhu Bila Chong plundered armor and weapons and gathered a crowd in rebellion; Huoniu Chi had moved garrisons and not yet returned, so deputy marshal Tan Ching led subordinate officials to the scene. The Emperor said: "Ching need not go alone—hurry three thousand additional troops to Huoniu Chi and join forces to suppress them." On renxu day Jupiter infringed upon the Wall and Screen constellation. On yichou day Bayan directed the generals to capture Shayang Fort and took the defending commander Chuan Louwang alive. The next day they reached Xincheng; the zongzhi Huang Shun lowered himself from the wall to surrender. Bayan sent Shun to summon the commander Bian Juyi, who refused to come out; zongguan Li Ting stormed the outer fort, the armies swarmed up the walls and took it, and Juyi burned himself to death. On xinwei day the Prince of Beiping Nanhumai was granted thirty thousand cattle and a hundred thousand sheep. In the eleventh month, on gengchen day, thirty-nine men were executed for capital crimes. On renwu day an edict ordered the Sichuan branch privy council under Yesudai'er to take Jiading Prefecture. On guiwei day the seal keeper Dong Wenzhong said: "I have lately heard that sorcerers have appeared one after another in Yidu and Zhangde; since the surveillance commissioners, darughachi, and village heads could not stop them, they should be punished by joint responsibility." An edict ordered this carried out. On yiyou day the army halted at Fuzhou; Song pacification commissioner Zhai Gui came out to surrender. On dinghai day an edict declared that Song Jiading pacification commissioner Zan Wanshou and all garrison commanders who surrendered would, along with those fleeing punishment or deserting their lords, all be pardoned according to the original terms. On guisi day Eastern Route marshal Yang Wen'an joined Mongol wanhu Qeljenai and Yisibeli at Dazhou, marched straight on Yun'an, met Song troops at Mahu River and routed them, then took the forts of Yun'an, Luogong, and Gaoyang; Yang Wen'an and others were rewarded with graded gifts of gold and silver. A thousand qing of wasteland in Xianghe was set aside for Zhongwei garrison farming. Bayan sent wanhu Temür and interpreter Ali to report the victories at Shayang and Xincheng and to bring the Xincheng zongzhi Huang Shun for audience; Shun was granted gold, brocade robes, and fine armor, appointed Hu-bei Circuit pacification commissioner, and given a tiger tally. An edict stated: "Thieves and swindlers in the capital are numerous; severe punishments should be firmly established." Those who had campaigned against Japan—Hudun, Huqa, Liu Fuheng, and Sanmuhe—were summoned to court. On renyin day Antong, citing Ahmad's usurpation of fiscal authority harming state and people and the misuse of subordinates, asked for separate selection of personnel; he also asked that Ahmad's palace construction, in which connections were used for fraud, be investigated. The Emperor ordered a thorough prosecution. Construction was begun on the Direct Audience Hall south of the pavilion and on the eastern and western halls; eight hundred musicians were additionally selected and assigned to the Court of Musical Entertainments. In the twelfth month, on bingwu day, Bayan's great army halted at Hankou. Song Huai-xi commissioner Xia Gui, commanders-in-chief Gao Wenming and Liu Yi, with ten thousand warships held the passes; Wang Da defended Yangluo Fort and Jinghu pacification commissioner Zhu Yisun's mobile force blocked midstream, so the army could not advance. Following wanhu Ma Fu's advice, they opened the dam at Hankou, brought boats through to Lunhe Mouth, struck straight for Shawan, and entered the Great River. On guichou day two thousand masterless fugitive slaves from various routes were assigned to the branch works department. On jiayin day Xindu and others were rewarded for the campaign against Tamna with graded paper money and silk. On yimao day Ariq Haiya directed wanhu Zhang Hongfan and others to attack Wuji Fort; Song Xia Gui came with troops to relieve it; Aju led wanhu Yan Che'er and four wing armies to moor at Qingshanji. On bingchen day wanhu Shi Ge crossed first with one army but was beaten by Song Jing-E commander Cheng Pengfei; zongguan Shi Talahun and others led troops to the enemy and Pengfei was routed and fled. The army advanced to Shazhou and reached Guanyin Mountain; Xia Gui fled east; Wuji Fort was taken and Song commander Wang Da was beheaded; they first reached the south bank and pursued to the south gate of E Prefecture before returning. On dingsi day Bayan climbed Wuji Mountain; Zhu Yisun fled back to Jiangling. On jiwei day the army halted at E Prefecture; Song registrar of the Secretariat and Hu-bei intendant Zhang Yannan, acting military prefect of Hanyang Wang Yi, and prefect of De'an Lai Xingguo all surrendered their cities; Cheng Pengfei surrendered with his army. Bayan, acting on imperial commission, appointed Song E Prefecture militia zongzhi Wang Gai to administer E Prefecture, kept Wang Yi and Lai Xingguo in their former posts, withdrew garrison troops, and reassigned them among the armies. Orders forbade plunder; all fugitive civilians were released to return home. Ariq Haiya's forty thousand troops were left to guard E and Han. Bayan and Aju led the great army down by land and water; commander of the Imperial Guard Tumen was rear guard for all armies. Xiangyang Route zongguan Jia Juzhen was made pacification commissioner and charged with branch secretariat affairs. On gengshen day a fire at Zhengyang in Huai-xi burned buildings, armor, and weapons without remainder; wanhu Aisan Buqa and others were beaten in varying degrees. On guihai day the Perfect Sovereign of the Grand One Li Jusu was granted one residence, with the plaque reading Palace of Grand One, Broad Blessing, and Ten Thousand Longevity. The branch secretariat reported the victory in crossing the Yangzi. An edict released Lü Wenhuan and all troops under his office to return home. Nanyang's Lushi County was transferred to Song Prefecture; Guidede's Yongcheng County was established; Changwu County was abolished into Jingchuan; Liangyuan County was abolished into Lingtai. That year empire-wide households numbered 1,967,898. Locust and similar insect disasters occurred at nine places; where the people were hungry, 75,415 shi of rice and 40,599 shi of millet were issued for relief.
19
沿使沿 使 西 西 使 西使西 使 禿滿 調 使 使 使 使 使
In the twelfth year, on the guiyou new moon of the first month of spring, King Chŏm of Goryeo sent his deputy director Li Sintae to congratulate and present the annual tribute. On jiaxu day the great army halted at Huang Prefecture; Song deputy commissioner for river defense and Huang prefect Chen Yi surrendered the city; Bayan, acting on commission, appointed Yi grand commander of the river coast. His son Yan was prefect of Lian Prefecture; Yi sent men with a letter to persuade him, and when it arrived Yan surrendered. On yihai day seven hundred new settlers from Xiangyang were moved to Hebei. Eastern Route deputy marshal Zhang Derun took Li Yi City, killed Song pacification commissioner Zhang Zi, and won over more than 1,500 soldiers and civilians. Then marshal Zhang Guisun was sent to seize territory and captured zongguan Guo Wu and commander Tang Hui along with five others. Derun was granted fifty taels of gold, western brocade, a gold saddle, fine armor, and a bow with arrows; officers and soldiers under him received three hundred ingots of paper money. On wuyin day Liu Zheng died. The Anxi Wang's chancellery requested ten thousand ingots for military needs; an edict granted one thousand. On guiwei day the army halted at Qi Prefecture; Song pacification commissioner Guan Jingmo surrendered the city. On yiyou day the Privy Council was ordered to place the garrison armies under Naghachar and Yesudai'er and eight hundred newly levied strong men from Deng and Lai under the Five Prefectures Military Commission; Tancheng and Shizilu were also placed under the commission's command. On bingxu day the great army halted at Jiang Prefecture; Song Xi'an pacification commissioner and Jiang prefect Qian Zhensun and Huai-xi Lu'an Army's Cao Ming surrendered their cities. On dinghai day privy councillors said: "Song frontier prefectures such as Jiading, Chongqing, Jiangling, Ying Prefecture, and Lianhai all hold out with arms; imperial letters should be sent to summon them." It was approved. Song prefect of Nankang Ye Chang surrendered the city. An edict ordered Imperial Guard commander Jadish and Nangadai to lead two thousand Mongol troops, and Baijanu, Tanggu, and Manggudai to lead ten thousand Han troops to Cai Prefecture; Tumen and Jia Manggudai were again to lead the remaining troops to court. On jichou day Boshu and Tang Yongjian were sent bearing an edict to summon Ying Prefecture; the Xiangyang military commission was also ordered to assign three thousand troops to escort Yongjian and the others. Fourteen Mongols, Uighurs, and Han were selected to go to the branch secretariat as civilian officials for newly submitted prefectures and districts. On gengyin day deputy commander of the Right Guard Zheng Wen, Tanggu, and Temür were ordered to lead ten thousand guard troops together with Jadish and Nangadai to garrison Huang Prefecture. An edict summoned the Chongqing prefectural commission and all subordinate prefectures, districts, fortresses, officials, soldiers, and civilians to surrender the cities. On renchen day pacification commissioner Jia Juzhen was made concurrently secretary of the branch secretariat and garrisoned at E Prefecture. Annan envoys returned; an edict instructed them on the old regulations for household registers, darughachi, troop levies, relay stations, rents, and annual tribute. On yimao day minister of war Lian Xixian, vice minister of works Yan Zhongfan, and secretariat director Chai Zizhi were sent bearing the state letter as envoys to Song. On dingyou day ten thousand men enlisted by Wanjia Nu who volunteered for service were sent south on campaign. On jihai day Yunnan zongguan Xin Juri, Shi Mai, and others killed Heychar Sheliwei, who had raised rebellion; they were rewarded with gold. Turu was ordered to Yunnan to hurry Aruq Temür to come to court. Because many barbarian peoples had not yet submitted, pacification commissions were also to conduct marshal's headquarters affairs under branch secretariat command, set up prefectures and counties, and appoint magistrates selected for integrity and ability. A planning commission for Yunnan's various routes was established, with Shams al-Din as commissioner. Additional troops were added to escort Tang Yongjian; Yongjian asked that Bayidu and Mangudai accompany him, and the request was granted. An edict ordered the recovery of thirty-four gold and silver tallies from the princes Haidu and Baraq.
20
殿使 宿 西 西 貿 使 使 使 使使沿 使 使 西使 使 使 沿使 使 使
In the second month, on guimao day, the great army halted at Anqing Prefecture; Song commander of the Front Palace Guard and Anqing prefect Fan Wenhu surrendered the city; Bayan, acting on commission, appointed Wenhu grand commander of the Two Zhes. On jiachen day right associate Borolqu was made commander-in-chief of Huaidong, and right associate Ariq left vice commander-in-chief. Ariq, Sagis, and others were further ordered to assemble their Mongol and Han forces at Pi Prefecture. Garrison troops from Qi and Su were also dispatched, and one thousand Henan war vessels were sent thither. Bitchigchi Boluo was sent to audit Western Xia monopoly levies; the Kaiyuan pacification commission was ordered to relieve famine among newly submitted Kirghiz people. An edict forbade hunting pregnant wild beasts in Uyghur lands in spring and summer. An Earth Queen shrine was established at Linfen in Pingyang; temples to Fuxi, Nüwa, Shun, Tang, the River Spirit, and others were established at Hezhong, Jie Prefecture, Hongdong, and Zhao Prefecture. On bingwu day the great army halted at Chizhou; Song acting prefect Zhao Maofa hanged himself; commander-in-chief Zhang Lin surrendered the city. The Western Xia Zhongxing circuit transport office was merged into the circuit governor's office. It was proposed to exchange Zhongtong notes for Song exchange notes and to release Cai Prefecture salt to trade for medicinal materials. On dingwei day unregistered volunteers were forbidden to plunder newly submitted civilians and soldiers returning to their occupations. On wushen day an edict instructed officials, gentry, commoners, soldiers, artisans, monks, and Taoists who had submitted at Jiang, Huang, E, Yue, Hanyang, Anqing, and other places to return farmers to the plow and merchants to the road, and to let laity and clergy each resume their own occupations; if garrison officials harassed them, they were to report it to the mobile Central Secretariat. Shi Tianze died. You Xian and Yang Tingxun were summoned to court. Huo Sheng and Zhang He, who had submitted suggestions, were granted ten ingots of notes apiece to follow the Huaidong commander-in-chief south on campaign. On gengxu day vice minister of rites Du Shizhong and bureau director of war He Wenzhao were dispatched bearing a letter as envoys to Japan. On xinhai day associate prefect of Jinan Zhang Hanying was sent with an edict to instruct Huaidong military commissioner Li Tingzhi. On renzi day Luoci circuit governor Jiang Yi captured four peasants including Hao Jin who spread sorcery talk to delude the masses; an edict ordered Jin executed and the rest spared from death but exiled afar. Song grand councilor Jia Sidao sent planning commissioner Song Jing and commissioner-in-chief Ruan Sicong to the branch secretariat, requesting the return of surrendered prefectures and offering annual tribute. Bayan had Nangadai return with Ruan Sicong to report and kept Song Jing waiting; the envoy told Sidao: "Before crossing the river, tribute and peace talks were possible; now all riverside prefectures have submitted—if you want peace, you must come in person to discuss it." Nangadai returned, and Song Jing was released. Associate privy councillor Ni Dezheng was sent to E Prefecture to manage finances. On guichou day censors impeached former Nanjing route governor Tian Dacheng for marrying his younger brother's wife Zhao, violating human relations; an edict ordered eighty strokes of the staff and exclusion from office for three years. As Dacheng was already dead, only Zhao was beaten eighty strokes in the marketplace. On bingchen day brocade silk, bows and arrows, and saddles and bridles were granted for Japan campaign merit in the eastern expedition command. On gengshen day Tabudai and Orlu were sent to summon surrendered E-Han officials Zhang Yanran and others to court, and also instructed them: "I have considered your memorial, which says: 'Song's powerful ministers broke the old treaty and detained envoys—this is truly not the Song emperor's fault. If Your Majesty in mercy would punish only those who acted on their own authority and not leave the Zhao house without heirs, Your words are quite right. Since you have not forgotten your former sovereign, you will certainly be able to assist and support Our house. Since your memorial came up, Bayan has already halted the army's advance and still sent minister of war Lian Xixian and others with a letter; if they can repent and come over, what past fault would We investigate? As for the powerful minister Jia Sidao, if he still lacks even a mind to confess guilt, how much less would he allow the Zhao house to lack sacrifices? If they obstinately refuse to repent, on matters not yet come to pass, what can We say—may Heaven witness it." On xinyou day Kuokuo was ordered to lead his thousand troops and five hundred personal followers under Ala Haiya's command. For all Hunan prefectures and counties and people along the water who came over, Kuokuo was to command them; those who resisted and did not submit were to be gathered by persuasion. An edict ordered refugees from Da Hongshan to return to Hanyang and resume farming; Ala Haiya was ordered to garrison there. Ashihan, Tang Yongjian, Qi Gongzhi, and others were again ordered with Tölie to lead a thousand armored cavalry bearing an edict to summon Ying Prefecture. The great army halted at Dingjiazhou; war vessels covered the river downstream. Song Jia Sidao sent infantry commander Sun Huchen and army controller Su Liuyi to gather troops north and south of the river; Sidao with Huaidong commissioner Xia Gui commanded the rear army. More than two thousand five hundred war vessels spanned the river. The next day Bayan ordered left and right wing wanhu to lead cavalry advancing along both banks, then ordered trebuchets to strike them. The Song formation moved; Xia Gui fled first; Sidao, in confusion, sounded gongs and dispersed the armies; the Song army was completely routed. Aju commanded with pacifier He Wei, Li Ting, and others—fleet and infantry and cavalry—and pursued one hundred fifty li, seizing more than two thousand vessels along with military goods, maps, and seals; Sidao fled east to Yangzhou. Ai Xianbuhua said: "Xia Gui let northern army commander Yue Quan return, claiming intent to submit internally—we should send an imperial letter to summon him." His nephew Hu Yinglei was then sent with an edict to instruct him. On jiazi day the great army halted at Wuhu County; Song Jiangdong transport judge and Taiping prefect Meng Zhijing surrendered the city. Commander-in-chief Borolqu halted at Haizhou; prefect Ding Shun surrendered the city. On yichou day Ala Haiya said: "Jiangling is a great Song stronghold on the upper Yangtze with hundreds of thousands of elite troops—if we do not take it with this momentum like splitting bamboo, when the river floods even E-Han cities may be hard to hold." The request was granted; an imperial letter was still sent and envoys dispatched to instruct the Jiangling commissioner and officials under Gao Da. Song Fuzhou regimental trainer and Temmo commissioner Nong Shigui, together with the prefects of thirty-seven counties and one hundred thousand households, came to the Yunnan branch secretariat to surrender. On bingyin day the Privy Council said: "At the start of the river crossing Bozhou wanhu Shi Ge and Piyang wanhu Shimo Shozu failed through reckless advance—punishment is requested." An imperial order stated that some were to be punished with reduced rank and some to redeem themselves by merit; the branch secretariat was to decide. Private gambling was forbidden; offenders were exiled to the north. On wuchen day the army halted at Caishi; He Prefecture prefect Wang Shan surrendered the city. Commander-in-chief Borolqu halted at Lianshui; Song prefect Sun Siwu surrendered the city. On jisi day Boshu, Tang Yongjian, and others were again sent to proclaim to the officials, gentry, and commoners of Ying Prefecture. On gengwu day the great army halted at Jiankang; Song riverine commissioner Zhao Yin fled south; commanders Xu Wangrong, Weng Fu, Mao Shixiong, and garrison commander Cao Wang surrendered the city. Song Jia Sidao reached Yangzhou and then sent director Duan You to return credentialed envoys Hao Jing, Liu Renjie, and others. An edict ordered the Privy Council to welcome Jing and the others by water route to court. An edict to King Chen Guangbing of Annam again instructed him on the six traditional matters and urged him to come to court. Keshik Danchaqan, deputy protocol officer Guan Siyi, and Taoist Li Dehe were appointed to substitute-sacrifice to the mountains, rivers, and Earth Queen. The imperial procession proceeded to Shangdu.
21
西 殿 西 西西 使 西 使 使
In the third month, on the renshen new moon, Song Zhenjiang cavalry commander Shi Zuzhong surrendered the city. The branch secretariat separately dispatched Huaidong branch Atahai to garrison Jingkou. Song executed palace commander Han Zhen; his officers Li Daming and two hundred men brought Zhen's mother, wife, and sons Wen Yu and Wen Can from Lin'an to defect. On jiaxu day Song Jiangyin military judge Li Shixiu surrendered the city. On yihai day the Privy Council was instructed: "Recently commander Huoniu Chi was sent to campaign in Chang Hexi, with vice commander Tan Ching guarding Jiandu, given an imperial letter to settle the people." An edict also ordered Prince Mangqalai of Anxi, Prince Jebek Temür, and son-in-law Chaghi to dispatch their Mongol troops to follow Prince Orluk of Xi Ping against Tibet. Wan Zhizhong and Tang Yongjian, together with the previously sent Ashihan and others, were ordered to lead a thousand elite troops to summon Ying Prefecture: if it submitted, garrison it; if it did not submit, go by land and meet Ala Haiya and Hubulai at Jingnan. On bingzi day credentialed envoys Lian Xixian and others reached Jiankang and relayed an order that the generals each guard their camps and not plunder recklessly. Song Chuzhou prefect Wang Wenhu surrendered the city. On wuyin day the Prince of Anxi was granted eight thousand bolts of cloth and ten thousand jin of silk. On jimao day Pingyin County's Xinzhen Stockade was changed to Feicheng County and placed under Jining Prefecture. On gengchen day Song Ningguo prefect Yan Shaoqing surrendered the city. Jiangdong Circuit gained two prefectures, five departments, two armies, and forty-three counties, with 831,852 households and 1,919,106 persons. On jiashen day Huaiyuan and Lingwu counties were established at Zhongxing Route to settle more than four thousand eight hundred new households. On bingxu day Song Changzhou pacifier Dai Zhita and vice prefect Wang Huchen surrendered the city. Credentialed envoys Lian Xixian, Yan Zhongfan, and others reached Dusong Pass in Song Guangde Army and were killed by the Song. On dinghai day miscellaneous military levies in all routes were remitted. On xinmao day Song general Gao Shijie reoccupied Yue Prefecture and held Meng Zhijing's wife and children hostage; he also took the wife and children of Fu Prefecture surrendered general Zhai Gui and sent them to Jiangling. Shijie assembled thousands of war vessels from Ying, Fu, and Yue prefectures and upstream armies, with tens of thousands of troops, blocking the mouth of Jingjiang. On renchen day Ala Haiya encamped on the east bank; Shijie fled at midnight; at dawn he reached Dongting Lake mouth, with vessels lined in formation. Ala Haiya supervised the wing wanhu and naval commanders Zhang Rongshi and Jie Ruji, pursued Shijie at Hutan in the lake mouth, and sent bureau director Zhang Ding to summon Shijie; Shijie surrendered. Ala Haiya used Shijie to summon Yue Prefecture, and Meng Zhijing also surrendered the city. Because Shijie surrendered under duress, he was executed. The Prince of Beiping Nanhumai's command was granted two thousand one hundred eighty horses and three hundred sheep. On guisi day garrison troops at Tancheng, Yizhou, and Shizi Road were ordered to follow Borolqu against Huainan. On bingshen day Sidebu Tibetan official Tashi, Quezhou Tibetan official Zhuangliao Nanchejia, and others led forty-three tribes and five thousand one hundred sixty households to the Sichuan branch privy council to submit. On wuxu day Shandong route commissioner Wang Yan was sent to garrison Yue Prefecture. On gengzi day, following the request of Wang Pan, Dou Mo, and others, a separate Hanlin Academy was established to manage Mongol script, with Hanlin academician Sadimidir as its head. The Hanlin Academy combined with the National History Academy still compiled the national history, drafted edicts, and served as advisers, with Hanlin Academician-in-Chief Huluhuosun concurrently editing the 《Court Diary》 and overseeing ritual. On xinchou day an edict ordered Aju to divide his forces and take Yangzhou.
22
西 西西 使西 使 使使使 西使
In the fourth month of summer, on the renyin new moon, those who had merit and those who died in the campaign against Chang Hexi under Bila Chong were rewarded with gold, silver, notes, cloth, and silk in varying amounts. On yisi day the Western Xia Zhongxing circuit surveillance commission was changed to Longyou Hexi Circuit. On bingwu day Lianzhou, Xincheng, and Qinghe relay stations were established. Ala Haiya encamped at Nanshi in Jiangling city, attacked its palisade, broke it, and Jingmen military commissioner Liu Mao surrendered. On dingwei day Ala Haiya sent bureau director Zhang Ding bearing an edict into Jiangling; Song Jing-Hu commissioner Zhu Yisun, Hubei deputy commissioner Gao Da, and Jingxi-Hubei chief judicial officers Qingyang Meng Yan and Li Mo finally came out to surrender. Ala Haiya entered Jiangling and dispatched emissaries along separate routes to win over unsubdued prefectures and districts. Zhao Zhen of Xia Prefecture, Zhao Zai of Gui Prefecture, Mao Jun acting for Feng Prefecture, Lu Xiwen chief controller of Xincheng in Changde, Zhou Gongming acting prefect of the old city, and others all surrendered. On xinhai day envoys were sent to summon Song Five Prefectures pacification commissioner Lu Wenfu to surrender. On jiayin day the Central Secretariat was told to consider establishing a Petition Drum: where parents, siblings, or a spouse had been murdered and there was no other avenue of appeal, the aggrieved would be allowed to come and strike it. Anyone who abused the drum with trivial complaints would be punished according to law. On xinyou day Song pacification commissioners Zhao Meng of Ying Prefecture and Zhai Gui of Fu Prefecture surrendered their cities. Song minister of revenue Wu Jun wrote to Xu Wang Rong and others at Jiankang, relaying chancellor Chen Yizhong's request for a ceasefire and restored good relations. Bayan sent deliberation official Zhang Yu of the Central Secretariat and Huainan West branch clerk Wang Zhang, together with the Song envoy Ma Yu, to deliver Xu Wang Rong's reply to the relay station at Pingjiang Prefecture; the Song killed them all. On guihai day Aju's army encamped at Guazhou, forty-five li from Yangzhou. The Song Huaidong pacification commission burned the city's buildings, moved the people out, and withdrew. Aju built tower stockades and siege equipment to hold the place. On bingyin day the Imperial Livestock Commission was established. Surrendered officials including Ding Shun were granted clothing. This year's silk and silver levies on the capital region were remitted. On dingmao day Boluo, grand minister of agriculture and censor-in-chief, was made censor grandee. Itinerant agricultural promotion officials in each route were abolished and their duties transferred to the judicial investigation and inspection commissions. Unregistered persons lingering at temples were brought onto the rolls. On gengwu day Gao Da was made vice grand councillor, and an edict was issued to comfort and instruct him. Wang Shiying of the Ministry of War and Xiao Yu of the Ministry of Justice were sent with an edict summoning Zhang Zongyan, the fortieth-generation Celestial Master of the Succession Han, to court.
23
調 禿 使 使 西 使 使 殿
On the xinwei new moon of the fifth month Ala Haiya presented one thousand captive boys and girls and ten thousand cattle. The Privy Council reported, "At Xia Prefecture war vessels should block the strategic crossings. Garrisons at Ying and Fu are also too weak; five thousand seven hundred men should be chosen from Xiangyang and elsewhere, placed under the mobile Central Secretariat, and left to Ala Haiya's command." The proposal was approved. An edict ordered right vice director Lian Xixian and vice grand councillor Tob Qorqutua to administer the mobile Central Secretariat at Jiangling, and Ala Haiya returned to E Prefecture. Three relay stations from Xiangyang to Jingnan were established. On dingchou day Aju built a wooden stockade at Yangzi Bridge, severing the Huaidong grain route and shielding Guazhou. On gengchen day an edict addressed vice grand councillor Gao Da: "In past campaigns our state took cities and then abandoned them, never leaving garrisons behind — and so war dragged on year after year. Those who fight for a realm want land and people; what use is territory without inhabitants? You mean to hold newly submitted cities and let the people settle and farm — the Mongols do not yet grasp that. You understand this work; apply yourself to it with all your strength. The Hunan prefectures were once your command; how to win over those still holding out and how to settle the people — that is for you to decide." Song Jiading pacification commissioner Zan Wanshou sent his officer Li Li with a letter offering surrender, saying he had repeatedly offended and begging pardon. An edict ordered envoys sent to summon him. On xinsi day Song officials Lü Wenxing of Chen Prefecture, Fu Anguo acting for Sui at Huangxian Cave, Xu Ding acting for Jun at Xianren Stockade, Wen Yonggui of Yuan Prefecture, Kang Yu of Jing Prefecture, Li Jian of Fang Prefecture, and others all surrendered their cities. In Jingnan-Hubei Circuit they had taken three fu, eleven zhou, four armies, and fifty-seven counties, with eight hundred three thousand four hundred fifteen households and one million one hundred forty-three thousand eight hundred sixty persons. On bingxu day newly attached raw-coupon troops of the three guards were sent to farm garrison duty at Badaw Mountain. On dinghai day Bayan was summoned to court; Mongol wanhu Alaghan was placed in charge of mobile Central Secretariat affairs; and Suzhou darughachi Asa was sent to conscript troops in Hexi. Wanhu Aisan Buqa defied Bayan's orders and withdrew garrison troops on his own authority; an edict stripped him of tally and seal and sent him to serve in the army to redeem himself. Huaidong pacification commissioner Chen Yan asked to resign and observe three years of mourning; the request was denied. The ban on slaughtering cattle and horses was strictly enforced. On gengyin day Song Five Prefectures pacification commissioner Lu Wenfu came to surrender. On renchen day Song commander-in-chief Liu Shiyong and palace guard commander Zhang Yan held Changzhou. On guisi day King Wang Chŏn of Goryeo was instructed to summon Jin Island remnant bands in Tamna.
24
使 西 使 使使 使
On the gengzi new moon of the sixth month there was a solar eclipse. Song Jiading pacification commissioner Zan Wanshou surrendered his city and was granted the name Shun. On guimao day Fan Wenhu, grand commander of Two Zhe, was sent with an edict to instruct garrison officials, troops, and civilians at Anfeng, Shou Prefecture, Zhaoxin, Wuhe, and other places; Vice minister of justice Boshi was sent to tell Zhu Shunsun that, being old and ill, he need not attend court and might remain in the capital for the time being without fear. Lian Xixian and others were told that property previously seized from Qingyang Mengyan and Li Shen should be restored where it could be accounted for, and their families moved to the capital. On jiachen day wanhu Alaghan was made vice grand councillor of the mobile Central Secretariat. Zhang Zhang, prefect of Kai Prefecture, was captured and pardoned. His sons Zhu and Ji had surrendered first; because of them he was spared execution. An order directed Shili Bo and Shi Shu to lead two thousand Xiangyang veteran-coupon troops and two thousand sturdy hunters, together with Fan Wenhu, to summon Anfeng Army; each received ten horses. Nineteen men who had once served under grand councillor Shi Tianze asked to announce rewards in camp and were ordered to go with Shi Shu. On wushen day younger brothers and sons of darughachis in the Pingyang, Xijing, and Yan'an routes were conscripted as soldiers. On xinhai day thirty-five men under Prince Ulug who had won merit at Jiandu received graded silver-note rewards; Ulug guardsmen were allotted two horses each and attendants one. The Huaidong marshal's headquarters was ordered to deploy troops, together with E Prefecture garrisons and Li Dan's old followers, and also ten thousand Henan conscripts later released to civilian status — all were re-registered as soldiers and placed under the mobile Central Secretariat. On wuwu day an edict ordered envoys sent to summon Song Sichuan pacification commissioner Zhao Dingying: "Bi Zaixing and Qingyang Mengyan recently came to court and reported Sichuan frontier affairs in person, asking that the advance be slowed so they might submit voluntarily — for now that request is granted. Zaixing is now sent to proclaim our good faith; if you adapt to the times you may keep wealth and rank — do not ruin the people and regret it afterward." On gengshen day Bi Zaixing, Chongqing prefecture pacification commissioner, was sent with an edict to summon Song Jie Prefecture military commissioner Zhang Yu, Jiang'an-Tongchuan pacification commissioner Zhang Chaozong, Fu Prefecture inspector Yang Li, and Liangshan Army defender Ma Ye. On xinyou day Song Tongchuan pacification commissioner and Jiang'an prefect Mei Yingchun surrendered his city. On yichou day newly attached men including Ding Shun of Lian and Hai were used to requisition one thousand ships and send them to the Huaidong grand marshal's headquarters. On bingyin day Song Yangzhou commander Jiang Cai and deputy general Zhang Lin led twenty thousand infantry and cavalry in a night attack on the wooden stockade at Yangzi Bridge. Wanhu Shi Bi at the stockade sent urgent word; Aju marched from Guazhou with troops to relieve him. At dawn he reached the stockade. Jiang Cai's army formed up astride the water; Aju sent cavalry across to attack, but the line held firm. Aju's army feigned withdrawal; Jiang Cai pressed forward; our troops fought hard and Jiang Cai's army broke and fled. Aju's infantry and cavalry advanced together and routed them; Jiang Cai barely escaped, Zhang Lin was captured alive, and eighteen thousand heads were taken. On wuchen day Tachu was ordered to lead the armies of Atahai and Yesudai'er to Lianshui. Son Tan was made darughachi of Tamna. The Shandong pacification commission was abolished.
25
西沿使 西 使 殿 西 使使 使 西 西 使
On the gengwu new moon of the seventh month of autumn Aju assembled branch secretariat wanhu warships at Guazhou; Atahai and Dong Wenbing assembled branch commission wanhu warships at Xijin Crossing; Song riverine pacification commissioner Zhao Yin, privy council chief secretary Zhang Shijie, Taizhou prefect Sun Huchen, and others lined up their fleets north and south of Jiao Mountain. Aju dispatched wanhu Zhang Hongfan and others with one thousand Badu war vessels to raid west along the Zhujin Sands. On xinwei day Aju and Atahai climbed Shigong Mountain on the south bank and directed the armies: naval wanhu Liu Chen was to follow the south bank east to Jia Beach and circle behind the enemy; Dong Wenbing was to strike the southern foot of Jiao Mountain and pin their right; Pacification commissioner Liu Guojie was to press their left; Wanhu Hulachu was to thrust at their center; Zhang Hongfan, coming from upstream, was to press toward the north of Jiao Mountain. The great battle ran from chen hour to wu hour; shouts shook heaven and earth; riding the wind they shot fire arrows into the bamboo-mat sails. The Song army was routed; Shijie, Huchen, and others all fled. The pursuit reached Tushan and captured several hundred yellow-crane and white-hawk vessels. From then on the Song could no longer field armies. The next day Song Pingjiang commander Liu Shiyong and palace guard commander Zhang Yan, with the Two Zhe pacification commission army, reached Lücheng and were again defeated by Atahai's branch commission troops. On renshen day ten thousand troops from Yunnan's Luoluo, Punahong, and other places were conscripted and placed under the mobile Central Secretariat. On guiyou day Venus infringed upon the Well asterism. An edict ordered the reduction of unsubmitted tribes in Chaghanzhang. On dingchou day five water relay stations from Wei Prefecture to Yangcun were established. On jimao day a Yan South-Hebei judicial investigation and inspection commission was added. Four hundred Mongol troops from the Cai Prefecture relay station were placed under Ala Haiya, and six hundred Han troops followed wanhu Song Dudu to Jiangxi. On renwu day envoys were sent to summon Song Huaian pacification commissioner Zhu Huan. On guiwei day an edict ordered envoys sent to Jiangnan to search out Confucian scholars, physicians, monks, Daoists, yin-yang specialists, and the like. Left chancellor Bayan was ordered to lead the generals straight toward Lin'an; Right vice director Ala Haiya was to take Hunan; Mongol wanhu Song Dudu, Han wanhu Wu Xiu, Zhang Rongshi, and Li Heng, with minister of war Lü Shichao administering the grand marshal's headquarters, were to take Jiangxi. The Huainan West mobile privy council was abolished; right vice director Atahai and vice councillor Dong Wenbing jointly administered mobile Central Secretariat affairs. On xinmao day the moon infringed upon the Net asterism. On jiawu day envoys were sent with an edict to summon Song Li Tingzhi and Xia Gui. Bayan was made right chancellor of the Central Secretariat and Aju left chancellor.
26
西西 使 使
On the jihai new moon of the eighth month this year's silk and silver levies in the Beijing, Xijing, and Shaanxi routes were remitted. On guimao day Bayan took leave at court and marched south with an edict telling the Song sovereign and ministers that if they submitted together the Zhao clan would be kept safe and their ancestral temples left as before. Wang Rugui, son of the late envoy to Dali Wang Junhou, was granted a rank-eight office. On jiwei day Rencheng County was raised to Ji Prefecture. On xinyou day the Emperor returned from Shangdu. On bingyin day King Wang Chŏn of Goryeo sent deputy privy councillor Xu Qiong and general Zhao Gui to congratulate on the Sage's Birth Festival.
27
西 西 西 使
In the ninth month, on jisi day Venus infringed upon Shao Wei. On gengwu day Ahmad and others, citing war costs and short revenue, asked to restore nine chief transport commissions, raise tax quotas above fixed levels, cast ironware for government sale, and ban private copperworking. On yihai day Qinghe and Xincheng fighters and the fallen were rewarded with one thousand taels of silver and one hundred ingots of paper money. Yacheng garrison troops under the Prince of Xiping received three horses per man. On dingchou day five thousand eight hundred official oxen from Xiangyang were given to the poor. The ban on selling horses in Henan was lifted. Mongol garrison troops in Eastern and Western Chuan received grain and paper money in varying amounts. On wuyin day Director of Rites Hedan was told, "Last winter at the Great Temple sacrifice an edict had removed cattle as victims; that is now restored. On jimao day Venus infringed upon the Taiwei Western Rampart Senior General. On renwu day Aju built Wantou Fort. On yiyou day the Xiangyang army command was abolished. On jiawu day Song Yangzhou commander Jiang Cai led fifteen thousand foot and horse soldiers against Wantou Fort; Aju and Atahai beat them back. Huai'an pacification commissioner Qirilishi and meritorious officers and soldiers received brocade robes, silver, and paper money in varying amounts. On bingshen day Yush Timur was made censor-in-chief. Printing blocks from Jiangnan prefectures and books including the Qiankun Treasure Canon from the Lin'an secretariat were seized.
28
On the wuxu new moon of the tenth month of winter sacrifice was performed at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On xinchou day hunting bans in Beijing, Yi, Jin, and other places were lifted. On guichou day the moon infringed upon Bi.
29
沿使西 西使 西 使 使
In the eleventh month, on dingmao day Ali Haiya led troops against Tanzhou. On yihai day Bayan split his army into three columns and marched on Lin'an; Arighan led foot and horse troops from Jiankang, Si'an, and Guangde through Dusong Pass; Dong Wenbing led the fleet along the coast toward Xupu and Ganpu and on to the Zhe River; Bayan and Atahai directed the central column, intending all three forces to meet at Lin'an. On bingzi day Song acting supervisors of Rong, Yi, and Qin prefectures Cen Congyi, frontier patrol commissioner and Guangxi military controller Li Weiping, and others surrendered at the Yunnan branch secretariat. On dingchou day Ahmad memorialized to establish transport commissions on eleven routes. On jimao day the armies under Song Du and others reached Longxing Prefecture, and Song Jiangxi transport commissioner and prefect Liu Pan surrendered the city. The grand marshal's headquarters issued proclamations urging Jiangxi prefectures to submit in succession, gaining six prefectures, four army districts, fifty-six counties, one million five hundred one thousand eight hundred twenty-nine households, and two million seven hundred six thousand four hundred persons. On renwu day Bayan's main force reached Changzhou, ordered the troops to scale the walls, and took the city from all sides. Liu Shiyong changed clothes and fled south alone on horseback. Shuntian Prefecture was renamed Baoding Prefecture. The Privy Council reported, "Two thousand newly conscripted hunters of the Two Capitals and Pingluan are all poor and destitute; their families should be supported. In newly submitted prefectures and counties there are also those who surrendered and rebelled again, and those who gathered bands as robbers and face capital charges but have already confessed — we ask leave for summary execution. All were approved. Central Secretariat ministers deliberated on capital sentences; an edict declared, "Henceforth murderers shall die; once guilt is established there is no need to await the season — execution should proceed at once. Slaves who kill their masters shall receive the full five punishments. On yiyou day Arighan took Guangde and pressed toward Dusong Pass. On bingxu day the moon infringed upon Xuanyuan's major star. On jichou day Director of Rites Hedan was sent to present three captured gilt bronze sacrificial vessels to the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On gengyin day Bayan sent the defector You Jieshi to Song with a duplicate of the imperial letter and also wrote to instruct Song ministers. On jiawu day, because Goryeo's official titles had grown presumptuous, envoys were sent ordering that provincial, commission, censorate, and ministry titles resembling the court's be corrected.
30
使 使 西使 使 西
In the twelfth month, on wuxu day Saturn infringed upon Kang. On jihai day Zan Shun, associate of the Sichuan branch privy council, reported, "Shaoqing Prefecture, Shizhou, Nanping, and the barbarian tribes Lu Gao, Ma Meng, A Yong, and others are inclined to submit. Bozhou pacification commissioner Yang Bangxian and Sizhou pacification commissioner Tian Jingxian have not yet shown where they stand; we ask that edicts be issued allowing them to reform, with hereditary enfeoffment and titles. This was approved. On xinchou day Dong Wenbing's army halted at Xupu, and Song commander Qi An surrendered with his command. The Song ruler wrote a letter, and deputy interstate envoy Yan Zhongfan's nephew Huan came to seek peace. On jiachen day Bayan halted at Pingjiang Prefecture, and Song commander Wang Bangjie surrendered the city. On yisi day this year's land tax in Jiangling and other places was remitted. On dingwei day the relay-station directorate was renamed the communications bureau. On wushen day left chancellor Hududar with civil and military officials, clergy, and elders and commoners asked that the Emperor take the honorific Filial Emperor of Great Brilliance in Civil and Military Benevolence, Righteousness, and Culture Who Describes the Way and Obeys Heaven, and the Empress the title Empress of Bright Response in Auspicious Heaven and Sagacious Culture, Chaste, Kind, and Harmonious — the request was refused. The moon infringed upon Bi. On gengzi day the Song ruler again sent ministers Xia Shilin and right recorder Lu Xiufu with a letter calling himself nephew and begging for peace. Zhao Long, magistrate of Cangxi in Western Chuan, sent a secret envoy into Song; an edict banished him to a distant place and confiscated his household. On guihai day an edict to the Privy Council ordered, "Jingzhou surrendered and rebelled again; now that it is pacified, send the families of Vice-Prefect Zhang and Li Xin and those who rebelled with them to the capital. On jiazi day a reply was sent to the Song ruler's letter ordering him to come and surrender. On bingyin day Arighan's army halted at Anji Prefecture, and Song pacification commissioner Zhao Yike surrendered the city. Goryeo's Dongning Prefecture was promoted to a route; Jiangdong's Nankang Route was placed under Jiangxi Province; and the Mahu Route administration was established. Longhua County of Chongqing Route was merged into Nanchuan, and Haishan County of Luanzhou into Changli County. Zheng County of Huazhou was restored. That year Weihui, Taiyuan, and other routes suffered drought and Hejian was damaged by rain; in all three thousand seven hundred forty-eight shi of rice and twenty-four thousand two hundred six shi of grain were issued in relief. Empire-wide households numbered four million seven hundred sixty-four thousand seventy-seven, and sixty-eight persons were sentenced to death.
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