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卷二十三 本紀第二十三: 武宗二

Volume 23 Annals 23: Wuzong 2

Chapter 23 of 元史 · History of Yuan
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1
禿 滿
Second year, spring, first month, on jichou day, at the crown prince's request, the crown prince's tutorate was abolished; guests, instructors, and assistants were established as before. On gengyin day Prince Tula of Yue, having committed a crime, was granted death. Day diviners and recipe masters were forbidden to enter the gates of princes, princesses, close attendants, and other officials. On xinmao day the crown prince, princes, and all officials presented the honorific title Emperor of Harmonizing Heaven, Continuing the Sage, Revering Culture, Martial and Civil in Great Splendor, and Great Filial Brightness. On yiwei day sacrificial thanks were offered at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On bingshen day an edict ordered the realm to relax prohibitions on mountains and marshes, succor the displaced, and not require registered households to pay corvée taxes on behalf of absentees; commoners in disaster areas — inner circuits were exempt from corvée taxes for one year, Jianghuai was exempt from summer tax; all civil and military officials at every level were granted one grade of nominal rank; those with formal appointments who had completed their term of service were given one additional grade of nominal rank. On jihai day Chuangwu'er, Duke of Rong State and privy council administrator, was enfeoffed Prince of Jurong Commandery. On yisi day Tashihwa and Chigai Puji said, "People relying on grace memorialize directly; imperial letters not passing through the central secretariat but issued straight from the Hanlin academy — having now tallied their number, from the sixth year of Dade through the first year of Zhida, more than 6,300 were issued, all concerning land, households, gold and silver, ironworks, surplus tax quotas, tribute of rare goods, grain funds, selection law, litigation, construction, and other matters — harming the people. We request that all be revoked and recovered. From now on, for those not passing through the central secretariat, we request that none be granted. Approved. On bingwu day regulations were fixed that the spring and autumn libation sacrifices to the Great Completion Sage Master of Culture use the grand offering. On wushen day Dieli Temür Buqa presented hawks and hunting dogs; an order directed that each year he be given 1,000 bolts of silks and cloths and 1,000 ingots of notes.
2
調
Second month, on wuwu day a gold seal was cast and granted to Prince of Jurong Commandery Chuangwu'er. Famine victims of Zhending Route were relieved with 10,000 shi of grain; the Tatar frontier with 6,000 shi. On guihai day the crown prince visited the Buddhist monasteries of Mount Wutai. The Quanfu Court was abolished; maritime trade was returned to branch secretariats. On yichou day because Karakorum garrison-farm fields yielded more than 90,000 shi at autumn harvest, the pacification commission officials, platoon commanders, and soldiers were rewarded in varying amounts. On jisi day the moon encroached upon Kui. On xinwei day the moon encroached upon Di. 9,500 troops of princes' divisions and the armies of Quliqache, Urudai, and Duolai were mobilized to proceed to Karakorum. On renshen day an order directed that garrison-farm officers of each guard rotate every three years. On jiaxu day the wine prohibition in the Central Capital was relaxed.
3
禿 使 沿使 調 使 輿 使西 使 宿 西 西涿 西禿 便 使 西使 使 耀
Third month, on jichou day Hong Chongxi, right vice director of the Liaoyang branch secretariat, accused King Wang Jang of Koryo of not obeying the laws of the state and acting with wanton violence, and other matters; central secretariat officials requested that Chongxi and the King of Koryo be ordered to argue face to face. An edict directed the central secretariat not to order a face-to-face argument, but ordered the King of Koryo to follow the empress dowager to Mount Wutai. The Prince of Liang residing in Yunnan had wind illness; Prince Laodi was sent to replace the Prince of Liang in governing Yunnan, granted 250 taels of gold and 750 taels of silver, and followers granted silks and cloths in varying amounts. On gengyin day the imperial carriage visited the Upper Capital. 50 soldiers from the five guards were detached and assigned to the Central Capital Tiger Guard Office; Prince Yeshi Buqa was enfeoffed Prince of Xiangning. On xinmao day the Hangzhou Baiyun sect administrative office was abolished, and the Huguang Head Monk-Chan Record Office was established. On bingyin day Prince Laodi of Yunnan was granted a gold seal. On wuxu day the moon encroached upon Di. On jihai day Mars encroached upon Jupiter. Princess Aradnabal was enfeoffed Grand Princess of Zhao State, and imperial son-in-law Zhu'an was enfeoffed Prince of Zhao. On jiachen day central secretariat officials said, "State annual levies have fixed quotas; recently because of years of famine revenue once fell to less than half, while last year's expenditures reached 10 million ingots of notes and 3 million shi of grain. Your Majesty once ordered reduction of those seeking fodder and grain, yet Lekesun of the Bureau of Palace Provisions ultimately could not implement it; compared with last year it increased by 300,000 shi instead — we request that two or three persons versed in money and grain affairs be placed in the Bureau of Palace Provisions to assist in management. Also, central secretariat adjudication officials: in the tenth year of Dade 43 positions; now the crown prince's establishment added two, Prince Kuokuochu and imperial son-in-law Gantula each also added one — not the old system. We your ministers consider that those added to the crown prince's establishment should remain; those added for princes should be abolished." Both approved. The Medical Superintendent Office was elevated to the Directorate of Medicine. On yisi day central secretariat officials said, "The central secretariat is head of all offices; redundant personnel should first be trimmed. The Emperor said, "For all offices that are trimmed, you are to fix the deliberation; as for which secretariat officials stay or go, We shall consider it Ourselves." On jiyou day Jiyin, Dingtao, and other places suffered hail. Summer, fourth month, on jiayin day central secretariat officials said, "At the Jiang-Zhe Hangzhou relay station, within half a year more than 1,200 envoys passed through; Sangwu, Baoheding, and others presented lions, leopards, crows, and falcons, staying 27 days, and men and beasts consumed more than 1,300 jin of meat. We request that from now on those coming from distant regions with rare beasts and exotic treasures follow the relay system; for merchants who happen to have something to present, let them supply their own expenses." Approved. On xinyou day the Xingsheng Palace Jianghuai Finance Chief Commission was established; an edict announced it throughout inner and outer domains. On guihai day 5,000 Han troops were detached, granted 100,000 qing of fields, and garrison-farmed at the coastal mouth of Zhigu; 2,000 Khorchi troops were added, and the Garrison and Storage Elite Army Command of Haikou was established. On renwu day an edict ordered construction of corner towers for the Central Capital's inner city wall. Central secretariat officials said, "Now farming is at its busiest, locust nymphs cover the fields, and the people lack food — we request that corvée be halted according to the previous order. The Emperor said, "If the inner city wall has no corner towers, how can it be a grand sight! Finish this work first; the rest may wait." For construction of the new monastery, silver seals of third rank for supervisor and construction overseer were cast. Yidu, Dongping, Dongchang, Jining, Hejian, Shunde, Guangping, Daming, Bianliang, Weihui, Tai'an, Gaotang, Cao, Pu, De, Yang, Chu, Gaoyou, and other places suffered locusts. Fifth month, on dinghai day Hanlaher, communications commissioner, was made privy council administrator and put in charge of building the Xingsheng Palace; Dadu resident Yang'an and others were ordered to supervise the work. On dingyou day, because yin-yang masters said that from now until the Sage's birthday earthworks were inauspicious, an edict temporarily halted corvée on the new monastery. On jiachen day censorate officials said, "While the imperial carriage travels north, capital corvée is in full swing; moreover drought and food shortage afflict the year — the people are easily misled, and the matter is extremely grave — we request that one chancellor remain to guard the capital, and that this become precedent. Approved. Sixth month, on guihai day officials were selected to supervise locust extermination. At the crown prince's word, those granted fields were forbidden to ride relay posts to collect rent and harass the people. On gengwu day central secretariat officials said, "Since the order has already halted corvée on the new monastery, the pavilion gardens, falconry offices, and other corvée — we request that all be abolished as well. Also, the Imperial Medical Academy dispatches envoys to obtain medicinal materials in Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan, expending public funds and exhausting relay transport. We your ministers consider that matters touching money and grain, bypassing the central secretariat and acting directly — we request that this be forbidden." Both approved. Yidu, Jinan, and Panyang routes and Ninghai Prefecture were placed under the pacification commission; the remainder were all ordered to report directly to the provincial offices. 40 households registered as Confucian scholars in the Great Capital were assigned as temple musicians for the Confucian shrine. At the crown prince's request, the director, commissioner, and other officials of the Directorate of Music were changed to director, vice director, and assistant director. On jiaxu day, because palace guards had grown excessively numerous and mixed, following the old system, only Mongols and semuren of distinguished lineage were retained; the rest were all removed. The crown prince said, "The Xuanzheng Bureau earlier received an order that those who beat Tibetan monks should have their hands cut off and those who revile them their tongues cut out — this law has never been heard of before; it violates the laws of the state and moreover does the monks no good. When monks and laymen offend one another, there are already clear statutes — we request that the order be changed. He also said, "The Xuanzheng Bureau does not examine documents — this obstructs the laws and regulations; following the old system would be fitting." Both approved. On yihai day central secretariat officials said, "Henan and Jiang-Zhe provinces report that the Xuanzheng Bureau memorialized exemption of monks, Daoists, Nestorian Christians, and Dashman from land rent and commercial tax. We your ministers consider that fields pay rent and merchants pay tax — this is the established law of the ancestors; now the Xuanzheng Bureau memorializes blanket exemption — this is not the system. An order stated that collection should follow the old system. That month, Jincheng, Guo Prefecture, and Yuan Prefecture suffered rain and hail; Shenmu, Panxi, Shenchuan, and other places in Yan'an suffered heavy hail; Bazhou, Tanzhou, Zhuozhou, Liangxiang, Shucheng, Liyang, Hefei, Lu'an, Jiangning, Jurong, Lishui, Shangyuan, and other places suffered locusts. Seventh month, autumn, on guiwei day the Yellow River burst its banks in Guide Prefecture. On renchen day Xuanzheng Bureau officials said, "Prince of Wujing Sosban and Duosima, director of the pacification commission, report, 'Within the jurisdiction of the Pacification Commission of Songpan, Diezhang, Weimao Prefecture, and other places, Tibetans, Tuluobu, surrendered Hu, and Han commoners of four kinds of people live mixed together. Recently Commissioner Cai Maozhao was sent to Shegu Longmi to summon them; eight tribes submitted, 17,000 households — all people who had stubbornly resisted for centuries; chieftains Lingzhenba and eight others have already had audience at court. Now Lingzhenba says their land adjoins Sichuan, and those not yet submitted still number more than 100,000. Pacification commission officials are all men from other commanderies and do not understand barbarian affairs; they reach Chengdu and Guan Prefecture and return at once from fear — how can they govern and pacify? It would be fitting to change the Pacification Commission to a Pacification Office, relocate its seat to Maozhou, and move 1,000 Songzhou troops to garrison and restrain them.' We your ministers consider that their proposal should be followed. An edict changed the Pacification Commission of Songpan, Diezhang, and Weimao Prefecture to a Pacification Office, relocated its seat to Wenchuan County in Maozhou, rank primary third grade; Ba'rsidjin was made darughachi of the Pacification Office, Cai Maozhao vice commissioner — both granted tiger tallies. On yiwei day Longnan and Anyuan counties in Gan Prefecture were restored. Because the 20 relay stations of Hexi saw many passing envoys while horses were few and the people's strength was exhausted, the central secretariat, privy council, and Communications Office were ordered to allocate households from various divisions to increase horses and supply the need. Leshi said the paper-note system was greatly corrupted and requested reform of the note law; he drew a new note design and presented it, and also with Ba'ba deliberated establishing the Ministry of Revenue; an edict ordered Chigai Puji, Tashihwa, Chiyin Temur, and Toghto to assemble in deliberation and report. On jihai day the Yellow River burst its banks at Fengqiu in Bianliang. On jiachen day the Chief Commandery of Xibaozhibalhesun was changed to the Fengshi Court. On yisi day Ba'ba said, "Your subject together with Tashihwa, Chigai Puji, and others assembled in deliberation on establishing the Ministry of Revenue; your subject now reflects privately — the gains and losses of government all stem from what the central secretariat officials did the day before; now if we wish to set things right, they fear being implicated — who would be willing to act? If your subject now remains silent, it is truly from fear of great affairs. If Your Majesty would show compassion for what Ba'ba and Leshi propose, we request establishment of the Ministry of Revenue — old affairs handled by the central secretariat, new policies by the Ministry of Revenue. For the Ministry of Revenue, we request Chigai Puji and Toghto as chancellors, Sanbaonu and Leshi as grand councillors, Ba'ba as right vice director, and Wang Pi as associate administrator. One Jiang, who drew the note design, is to be made commissioner of the Note Printing Treasury. Both approved. Tashihwa said, "This is a great matter; to change it so abruptly — we request further deliberation with senior ministers." The Emperor did not approve. That month, Jinan, Jining, Panyang, Cao, Pu, De, Gaotang, Hezhong, Jie, Jiang, Yao, Tong, and Hua prefectures suffered locusts.
4
西 𠇗 宿 便 綿 綿 滿 便 使 使 禿使 禿使使使 西使 使 使 滿 使 禿 便 便
Eighth month, on renzi day central secretariat officials said, "Gansu Province lies remote on the frontier; within the city gold and grain are stored to supply princes' armies and horses — Shizu and Chengzong both repaired its walls. Recently Sadishimi on his own authority raised troops and armor, plundered Prince of Bin Chubei's baggage train, and the people were greatly alarmed and disturbed. Now that Sadishimi has been executed, if the city is not repaired, we fear it will embolden bandits. Moreover, garrison troops were withdrawn from Shazhou and Guazhou for colony farming, yielding 25,000 shi of grain annually; when Sadishimi rebelled he did not permit the troops to enter the colonies, and they were abandoned. We now request that troops again be sent to colonize and plant as before, selecting one Semuren and one Han official each who know the colony lands to lead them. All were approved. On guichou day the Ministry of Revenue was established; Qitai Puji was made grand preceptor and right chancellor, Toghto left chancellor, Sanbaonu and Yeshi grand councillors, Baoba right vice chancellor, Mangqutuemur left vice chancellor, Wang Pi associate administrator; central secretariat left vice chancellor Liu Ji was appointed left vice chancellor of the Ministry of Revenue and deliberator of Ministry of Revenue affairs; an edict was proclaimed to all under heaven. On jiayin day an edict stated: because Halaqsun once joined Bayan and Aji in pacifying Jiangnan and understands military affairs, he may be appointed grand councillor and deliberator of privy council affairs. Five hundred Asud guard troops were placed under Prince Qieli Buhua, stationed at Karakorum; 15,000 ingots of notes were granted, and each man was supplied with four horses. On jiwei day the crown prince's Right Guard Rate Office was established, rank upper third grade; right chancellor of the Ministry of Revenue Toghto and censor-in-chief Buliyadun were both ordered to head Right Guard Rate Office affairs. Ministry of Revenue officials said, "The central secretariat still has outstanding money and grain that should be pursued and settled; ten judicial officers should be retained, and the remainder all merged into the Ministry of Revenue." They also said, "Formerly, when capital cases were fully tried, the Ministry of Revenue deliberated and fixed them, then the central secretariat weighed and reported — the old system should be followed. Approved. Hao Bin, associate administrator of the Jiangxi branch secretariat, was made associate administrator of the Ministry of Revenue. On jiaxu day the name Tuerchiyan was granted to grand preceptor Botou. On dingchou day Yongping Circuit suffered frost that killed the grain. On jimao day Sanbaonu said, "With the Ministry of Revenue established, renewing all government, changing the note system, 64 officials are employed; among them are imperial guard soldiers, some whose rank is not yet sufficient, some who have never held office. These are all habitually skilled in affairs; since they have already been appointed, we request they not be bound by precedent and be granted commission edicts. Approved. An edict proclaimed to all under heaven: whoever dares obstruct Ministry of Revenue affairs shall be punished. Zhending, Baoding, Hejian, Shunde, Guangping, Zhangde, Daming, Weihui, Huaimeng, Kaifeng, and other places suffered locusts. In the ninth month, on the gengchen new moon, by the Ministry of Revenue's comprehensive regulations an edict was sent to all under heaven; each branch central secretariat was changed to a branch Ministry of Revenue. An edict stated, "Gains and losses of the court, benefits and harms to army and people — if ministers or commoners have proposals, all may submit sealed memorials to the throne; those outside submit through their superiors for forwarding. People everywhere who return to their occupations after fleeing famine — all outstanding debts shall be remitted, and corvée levies waived for three years. Where bodies lie dead in the fields and bones lie exposed, the government shall collect and bury them. Zhidai silver notes were issued; the edict said, "In the past, after Our Taizu Emperor ascended the great throne, he first created Zhongtong paper notes for the people's convenience; years passed and the law decayed, and it was already reformed with the printing of Zhiyuan treasure notes. Now another 23 years have passed; goods are heavy and notes light — flaws cannot be avoided; following the old canon, Zhidai silver notes are reformed and issued throughout the realm. One liang of Zhidai silver notes equals five guan of Zhiyuan notes, one liang of white silver, and one qian of red gold. Market stabilization exchange treasuries were established in every route to buy and sell gold and silver and exchange worn notes. Or when the people bring silk, cotton, cloth, and silk to the treasury for exchange, price is given according to current estimates. In every prefecture, route, and county ever-normal granaries were set up to stabilize prices; in good years grain, wheat, rice, and millet are purchased and stored; when green and yellow do not connect, they are sold out at reduced prices compared with current estimates to check soaring prices. Private buying and selling of gold and silver, and shipping gold, silver, copper cash, cotton, silk, and cloth overseas by sea vessels, are all forbidden. Officials for market stabilization exchange treasuries and ever-normal granaries are all selected from regular officials, with two-year terms. For Zhongtong exchange notes, from the day the edict arrives, within 100 days all must be taken to the treasury for exchange. For tea, salt, wine, vinegar, commercial taxes, and other assorted levies, if Zhidai silver notes are collected, one counts as five. Zhidai silver notes from two liang down to one li were issued, fixed at 13 denominations for the people's convenience. On renwu day the Jiangnan branch censorate impeached, "Grand councillor Jiaohua falsely claimed his family was poor and improperly received grant goods worth 20,000 ingots of notes in converted value. And this man's conduct in ordinary times has not a single virtue worth naming. Duke of Wei is a noble rank of the state — how can it be granted to him? We request seizure and recovery is appropriate. Approved. On guwei day Ministry of Revenue officials said, "In antiquity offices were established and duties divided, each with its charge; today the land is vast and the people numerous, affairs ever more complex — if provincial ministers grasp the overall lead and the various officials each fulfill their duties, how could affairs go ungoverned? In recent years provincial affairs blocked up; morning and evening only affixing and sealing documents — affairs all fell into neglect. Heavenly disaster and the people's hardship spring from this. From now on, for all Ministry and provincial affairs, all are ordered handled as circumstances permit; major matters that require memorializing may do so after receiving instruction, then act — thereby achieving utmost governance, obeying heaven's way above and settling the people's hearts below." They also said, "The state's territory is vast and its people numerous beyond what antiquity had. Regulations of successive reigns differed front and back; enforcing officials arbitrarily weighted light and heavy — we request that from Taizu onward the 9,000-odd administrative orders issued be culled of redundancy to unify them, compiled as fixed regulation. Both were approved. Because a Buddhist temple was being built south of Dadu, a Branch Works Ministry was established with three persons directing Branch Works Ministry affairs and two branch works ministry ministers; right chancellor of the Ministry of Revenue Toghto was still ordered to head it concurrently. On bingxu day the imperial carriage reached Dadu. On wuzi day Ministry of Revenue officials said, "At the Hanlin Imperial History Academy, prior reigns' imperial portraits and veritable records are all kept there — it was formerly placed at the southern secretariat. Now that the Ministry of Revenue is re-established, there is no time in the rush to build — we request buying a large residence and moving there. Approved. On renchen day Prince of Gaotang Zhuan was granted 5,000 liang of gold and 50,000 liang of silver. On guisi day, because firewood prices were high, powerful families and those keeping hawks and dogs were forbidden to occupy mountain grounds; the people were permitted to gather fuel. Sanbaonu said, "Jining, Datong, Baoding, and Zhending, because of Wutai temple construction — all needed supplies are taken directly from the people; this year's land tax should be remitted. Approved. On bingshen day censorate officials said, "In recent years harvest failed and pestilence afflicted the people; Your Majesty in pity relieved them — those who were saved are many. Now Shandong suffers great famine and displaced people wander — we request the 20,000 ingots of confiscated corrupt notes in this yamen be used for relief. Approved. On dingyou day censorate officials said, "Recently close favorites submitted petitions for others and were granted 1,230 qing of Jiangnan farmland, with rent of 500,000 shi — we request confiscation and return to government. Approved. On jihai day Ministry of Revenue officials said, "Present state expenses require 5 million ingots of Zhongtong notes; previously note capital on loan reached 10,603,100-odd ingots; we now request abolishing Zhongtong notes, with Zhidai silver notes as mother and Zhiyuan notes as child, still allocating 1 million ingots of Zhiyuan note capital to supply state expenses. The Capital Resource Management Bureau was established at Dadu, rank upper second grade; six Currency Superintendencies were established in Shandong, Hedong, Liaoyang, Jianghuai, Huguang, and Chuan-Han, rank upper third grade; 19 promotion commissions were established in copper-producing areas, rank lower fifth grade. Ministry of Revenue officials said, "Inner edicts from the three palaces — formerly the central secretariat memorialized requesting they not be carried out; we consider they should still be executed as before; if they harm major affairs, then memorialize again. The Emperor approved their words. They also said, "Central secretariat affairs — we request all be fully transferred to us. In the 24th year of Zhiyuan, all commission edicts were also managed by the Ministry of Revenue. Now we deliberated and request that Ministry of Revenue appoint personnel, while commission edicts and honorary ranks be entrusted to the central secretariat. Approved. The king of Zhanba state sent his younger brother Zalanu and others to present tribute of white-faced elephants and kalan wood. Qolugh Nadish, Tughan Temür, Sanghashiri, and others memorialized requesting dispatch of envoys to overseas countries. Tughan, Zhang Yesian, and Bayan were sent as envoys to Bolin Basun; Xuechewu, Li Tang, and Xu Bayan to Basu; Chaghan, Yibulajin, Yang Huda'er, and Ali to Zhanba. Shadi, chief of the Shaanxi branch censorate and grand steward of the palace, was made left chancellor and pacification commissioner-commander-in-chief of the Tubo and other regions. On jiachen day the Ministry of Revenue said, "Each year fodder and grain costs 500,000 ingots of notes — we request abolishing Bokesun and establishing an Expenditure Control Bureau, rank second grade, with commissioner, associate commissioner, vice-director, and assistant vice-director, two each. Approved. On yisi day, because theft was prevalent, old thieves from Shangdu, Zhongdu, and Dadu were relocated to Menggud, Yiresi, and other places for farming. On dingwei day Sanbaonu said those who keep leopards harm the people greatly; an order forbade it — repeat offenders, even if noble favorites, also incur punishment. In the tenth month, winter, on the gengxu new moon, the crown prince was made Ministry of Revenue director and an edict proclaimed to all under heaven; regular officials of prefectures and counties were ordered to nine-year terms and an edict proclaimed to all under heaven; the copper cash system was also proclaimed to all under heaven. On xinhai day the crown prince said, "Under the old system, commission edicts and honorary ranks for all officials were managed by the central secretariat — because I am central secretariat director. From now on commission documents should be issued by the Ministry of Revenue; formal commissions remain entrusted to the central secretariat. Approved. On bingchen day Yeshi said, "Jiangnan has been pacified for nearly 40 years; its people pay only land tax and commercial tax — nothing else is required of them. Rich households that cover up and hold royal people as private slaves number in the hundreds and thousands at a stroke, some exceeding 10,000 households — their power can be imagined. We request that from now on those with annual grain receipts of 50,000 shi or more deliver two sheng per shi to the government, and still pledge one son for military service. Of the grain they deliver, half should be moved to the capital to support the guard troops, half remain there to prepare for bad years. Enriching the state and settling the people — nothing surpasses this. The Emperor said, "Carry it out as Yeshi stated. On xinyou day the wine prohibition was relaxed and a Wine Tax Promotion Commission was established. Because money and grain affairs were complex and urgent, the Ministry of Revenue added one vice minister and one assistant director in the Revenue Ministry; it also added one vice minister and one section director in the Rites Ministry — all who speak on current policy belong to it. The Imperial Temple Provisioner and Sacrificial Livestock Office was established, with one director and one assistant director each. On guihai day Hanlin academician drafter Buliyadun was made censor-in-chief. On yichou day, because the empress dowager was ill, an edict ordered 100 capital offenders released throughout the realm. On dingmao day censor-in-chief Jirhelang, central secretariat left chancellor Tuotuo, and palace apparel bureau commissioner Dadu were all made privy council vice directors. On renshen day the moon encroached upon the Left Enforcer. On guiyou day Ministry of Revenue officials said, "Because redundant officials were recently pruned, official salaries to this day have not been paid — we request paying according to the staff numbers set in the tenth year of Dade, and paying the remainder not. Approved. Privy council vice director Tughulu was promoted to left chancellor. On dingchou day Hesan, grand councillor of the Liaoyang Branch Ministry of Revenue, was made left chancellor and branch secretariat grand councillor; Bodu, associate administrator of the central secretariat, was made grand councillor and branch secretariat right vice chancellor; Hudubuding, deliberator on central secretariat affairs, was made right vice chancellor and branch secretariat left vice chancellor; and Tielituohuan and Jia Jun, deliberators on central secretariat affairs, were both made associate administrators of the central secretariat. On wuyin day censorate officials said, "The ever-normal granary was originally to benefit the people; yet when harvests fail, suddenly establishing it will surely harm the people instead; abolishing it would be expedient." They also said, "The Zhi-da silver notes have only just been issued; the categories are numerous and fragmented, and the people still do not understand; moreover, copper cash is being circulated concurrently — there is concern they may interfere with each other." They also said, "The seizure of bronze vessels among the people has been extremely urgent and inconvenient; we request detailed deliberation with provincial officials." They also said, "In years of famine and food shortage, it is inappropriate suddenly to relax the wine prohibition. An order stated, "Have them deliberate with provincial officials."
5
使 使西
Eleventh month, gengchen new moon: because Xu and Pei had suffered major floods for successive years and the people were displaced, all corvée and tax for the current year was remitted. One additional director, vice director, and clerk in the Ministry of Personnel were added, ordering the merit-review office to conduct promotions and dismissals. Dongping and Jining both reported famine; half their people's corvée and tax was remitted, and lower households were all exempted. Ministry of Revenue officials said, "In recent years palace guards have been greatly excessive; most are idle ruffians; those requesting to serve as guards must be granted audience before approval. Approved. Yunnan Province said, "The Eight Hundred Wives, Greater Chelì, and Lesser Chelì rebelled; Gubao of Weiyuan Prefecture seized and occupied Muluodian; an edict dispatched this province's right vice censor Sanzhierwei to go win them over; also ordering 1,500 troops of the Weichu Circuit army to escort him into the territory. But Sanzhierwei accepted bribes from Gubao of three ingots each of gold and silver, then again advanced troops to attack and plunder; Gubao's archers fired in disorder, and he returned in defeat. Not only was the mission defeated — our men were harmed instead; we beg Your Majesty to judge. The Emperor said, "This is a major matter; swiftly select an envoy and again carry imperial sealed letters to win them over; though Sanzhierwei enjoys an amnesty, he may be rigorously interrogated. On jiashen day Prince Su of Ning was granted a gold seal; the crown prince household directorate was raised to second sub-rank. On yiyou day the Ministry of Revenue and the Directorate of Sacrificial Rites said, "Suburban sacrifice is the state's greatest rite. The southern suburban rite has been performed but is not yet complete; the northern suburban rite has not yet been conducted; at this year's winter solstice Heaven will be sacrificed to at the southern suburb — we request Taizu Emperor as associate; At next year's summer solstice Earth will be sacrificed to at the northern suburb — we request Shizu Emperor as associate. Approved. On dinghai day Sanshudai, left vice censor of Huguang Province, was made grand councillor and deliberator on privy council affairs. On dingyou day Toghto, grand captain and right chancellor of the Ministry of Revenue, supervised compilation of the national history. On jihai day the moon encroached upon the Right Enforcer. On gengzi day the moon encroached upon the Senior Minister. On xinchou day Ministry of Revenue officials said, "We privately calculate that the state's grain stores cost more each year while receipts fall short. This year Jiangnan's harvest is fairly good; we wish to dispatch envoys for harmonized purchase of grain, but fear rice prices will suddenly soar; we request 2,000 ingots of Zhi-da notes be divided among the four provinces of Jiang-Zhe, Henan, Jiangxi, and Huguang — for those who should receive grain next year in various categories, notes at current values may be given, yielding 1 million; if insufficient, the provinces' funds may be used to make up the difference. Approved. On bingwu day Prince Bolunxi killed a man in private enmity and deserved death; Ozharluhuchi, grand preceptor of the imperial clan court, deliberated — Bolunxi being exalted as a clansman of the state, requesting cudgeling; exile to the northern frontier to serve in the army — approved. On dingwei day guard officials' sons and younger brothers were selected to fill positions as Directorate of Education students.
6
使 西忿 使 西 西 使
Twelfth month, jimao day: the Emperor personally feasted at the Imperial Ancestral Temple, presenting posthumous honorifics and temple names for Taizu the Holy Martial Emperor and Empress Guangxian's posthumous honorific; also presenting posthumous honorifics and temple names for Ruizong the Revered and Aid Emperor and Empress Zhuang Sheng's posthumous honorific; each officer was raised one step in provisional rank; the temple's ritual-music households were granted notes and silks in varying amounts. Yuechicha'er, right chancellor of Karakorum Province and grand preceptor, said, "When I served together with Harqasun Darqan, revenue and grain affairs were always deliberated with me. Since Harqasun died, all receipts and disbursements are no longer reported; grants and seizures are improper; and right vice chancellor Nangjiadai on the contrary treats me with contempt and insult, repeatedly using pretexts to go to the capital. An order stated, "Shackle Nangjiadai and send him to Karakorum for trial." A woman of Wuchang surnamed Liu appealed at the censorate that Sanbaonu had seized one jade seal of the fallen Song she had presented, one gold chair, and two night-luminous pearls; by imperial order Ministry of Revenue officials, censor-in-chief Jidefang, Ozharluhuchi Bietiemuer, Palace Domestic Service commissioner Suozhi, and others jointly interrogated. Liu said she was the former wife of Commander Zhai; when Sanbaonu was demoted to Wuchang they had dealings; when Sanbaonu rose in rank Liu came to the capital under the pretext of pursuing a fugitive maid; she called on Sanbaonu at his home but received no answer; entering his west corridor she saw on a couch the stolen treasure saddle and hand-stitched brocade kerchief of the fugitive maid; she asked about them but Sanbaonu again gave no answer; leaving in resentment she immediately sought the petition scribe Qiao Yu to draw up a statement; then through Yin Rong she went to see surveillance commission clerk Li Jie and filed the appeal at the censorate. The case was concluded — Liu was deemed false. By imperial order Qiao Yu was beheaded, Li Jie was bambooed, Liu and Yin Rong were cudgeled and returned to their original registration. On bingchen day the left and right bureaus of the central secretariat were merged. Envoys were dispatched to each circuit to sort out arrears — those due for collection were collected; those due for remission were remitted. On gengshen day the moon encroached upon Shen. Ministry of Revenue officials said, "The salt price per yin should be raised to four liang of Zhi-da silver notes; Guangxi's remains as before; the cost of salt-boiling labor — we request raising it to four qian of Zhi-da silver notes. Approved. On xinyou day the prohibition on Han people carrying bows, arrows, and weapons was reiterated. On renxu day Yangqu County suffered earthquake, with sounds like thunder. The Western monk Mibuyunzi was enfeoffed as Duke of Ning State and granted a gold seal. On dingchou day an edict declared, "Official salaries are to be increased; grades for posthumous enfeoffment of civil officials are to be fixed. For those eligible for enfeoffment — envoys who die maintaining integrity in distant service, or who die in battle — add upon their currently conferred provisional rank. If rank-six or rank-seven officials die maintaining integrity or in battle, verify the facts and specially confer rank. For enfeoffment of inner and outer officials of all ranks, those of third rank and above may petition for posthumous epithets. For all who petition epithets, permit their families to submit this official's usual meritorious labors, administrative achievements, virtue and conduct, and talents; local offices verify and compare with the family's submission; report through the Ministry of Personnel for review and presentation to the metropolitan secretariat; the metropolitan secretariat approves; the Directorate of Sacrificial Rites verifies deeds and fixes the epithet. If meritorious kin and great ministers receive epithets by special imperial order, they are not within this rule."
7
使 使 祿 殿 滿 使使 使使 使使 西調 便調 使 使
Year 3, spring, first month, guiwei day: central secretariat officials were reduced — from guest-reception commissioner downward, 181 posts. Princes Namuhuli and others were granted 12,000 ingots of notes; wine merchants under Xuanzheng Bureau commissioner Zhuohunan were granted 10,588 ingots of notes. On yiyou day Li Meng was specially appointed Glory-and-Salary Grand Master, grand councillor, Hanlin Academician Exemplar, and associate director of the Palace Domestic Service Bureau. On dinghai day a white rainbow pierced the sun. On wuzi day it was prohibited for inner attendants to increase tax quotas externally or present other items contrary to established regulations. Wutai Monastery was constructed, employing 1,400 artisans and 3,500 soldiers. On jichou day Niulin was made deliberator on Ministry of Revenue affairs. On gengyin day the Directorate of State Sacrifice was established at upper third grade, in charge of shamans and diviners; the chancellor supervised daily affairs. On xinmao day Empress Hongjilie was installed; Toghto was dispatched as acting grand captain bearing credentials to confer the jade book and jade seal. On renchen day the Palace Domestic Service Bureau was raised to first sub-rank. On guisi day the Central Auspicious Bureau was established at upper third grade, in charge of the empress's seals. On jiawu day the moon encroached upon the Right Enforcer. On yiwei day the tax-assessment law was fixed; all categories of revenue quotas were calculated from Dade year 11, fixing old quotas and original increases as the standard quota, converted to Zhiyuan note amounts. From Zhi-da year 3 restoration began; beyond that only a ten-percent rate applied — increase of three parts or more counted as lower reward; five parts or more as middle reward; seven parts or more as upper reward; increase of nine parts as highest; less than three parts as lowest. Established quota-rank officials served two-year terms. Tax-assessment official grades were fixed: above 10,000 ingots — one chief intendant, one associate intendant, and one vice intendant each; Above 1,000 ingots — two superintendents, two commissioners, and two vice commissioners each; Above 500 ingots — one superintendent, one commissioner, and one vice commissioner each; Above 100 ingots — one commissioner and one vice commissioner each. On bingshen day the Capital Resources Bureau and Currency Directorate were established; dynastic copper cash and Zhi-da cash were ordered to circulate together. The Guangping Shunde Route Ironworks Chief Intendant Office was re-established. On wuxu day an edict ordered Huguang Province to win over the rebel Shangsi Prefecture prefect Huang Shengxu. On xinchou day an edict was issued to win over Greater Chelì and Lesser Chelì. Privy Council officials said, "Guai Xidai Man tribesmen Amma and others joined 10,000 men to invade; Ten-Thousand Household Yelü Sinu has already been dispatched leading 1,000 troops, and Si and Bo native troops are being mobilized to jointly suppress and capture. We deliberated — the urgency of affairs and key points of the terrain Sinu knows thoroughly; we request he be permitted discretionary deployment. Approved. On renyin day an edict addressed the Eight Hundred Wives; Yunnan Province right vice censor Sanzhierwei was dispatched to win them over. On guimao day the crown prince's junior household tutor was changed to vice household tutor. On yisi day central secretariat officials were ordered retained at the quota established when Antong headed the secretariat; those already eliminated were reassigned ranks by the Ministry of Revenue. Privy council posts were reduced — seven privy councillors, two associate privy councillors, two privy council vice marshals, two privy council associate administrators, and one privy council junior associate administrator retained. Two censorate posts were added; censor-in-chief, censor commissioner, attending censor, and investigating censor — two each. Transmission Bureau posts were reduced by six; 12 retained. Guangwukangli guard troops were culled; those not of their breed were returned to original registration; all subordinate to Princes Ajiji, Huolangsa, and the southern tammachi — the privy council was ordered to dispatch men on the spot to fix the registers. At last year's court assembly Princes Botiemuer and Alatiemuer were each granted 250 liang of gold, 1,000 liang of silver, and 400 ingots of notes. On bingwu day an edict ordered privy councillors Dadu and Heleqhesun to resume their posts. On dingwei day the Right Guard Asud Private Army Command was established at upper third grade.
8
便 禿
Second month, gengxu day: because the empress received the investiture book, envoys were dispatched to announce thanks at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On xinhai day Mars transgressed the Moon. The falconry bureau Masuhu was granted 100 liang of gold and 500 liang of silver. On jiwei day the Hui-Tong Canal was dredged; 4,800 ingots of notes and 21,000 shi of grain were granted to recruit laborers; Henan Province grand councillor Tashihaiya was ordered to supervise the project. Deliberator on Ministry of Revenue affairs Liu Ji was dispatched to rectify the note system. Two Dadu patrol courts were added, each governing one quadrant. On renxu day the moon encroached upon the Left Enforcer. On jiazi day, because of the empress dowager's honorific title, announcement sacrifice was performed at the southern suburb. On yichou day Jia Jun, associate privy council administrator, was again made associate administrator of the central secretariat. Ministry of Revenue officials said, "Official rank grades already have fixed regulations; recently those seeking ranks by supreme edict, empress edict, or princess edict often skip grades; we wish to follow Emperor Shizu's old system and grant them in sequence. Approved. On dingmao day Ministry of Revenue officials said, "When Zhiyuan notes were first issued, Zhongtong note reserves supplied expenses and their blocks were destroyed. Now that Zhi-da silver notes are being issued, we request Zhiyuan notes be deposited in the Myriad-Estates Treasury, their blocks destroyed — only Zhi-da notes and copper cash circulating together by equivalent weight would be expedient. They also said, "For this summer's court assembly at Shangdu's provisioning, we request 1 million ingots of notes be issued in advance." Both were approved. The registered households under Prince of Chu Yahu were impoverished; 10,000 shi of rice and 6,000 ingots of notes were granted for relief. On jisi day Prince of Ning Kuokuochu plotted sedition; Prince of Yue Tula's son Alana Shili promised to assist; when the plot was discovered, Kuokuochu was imprisoned; his wife Wanji was granted death; Alana Shili together with his grandmother, mother, and wife were banished to Botemür's custody. Because 24 persons including the Uighur monk Tieli had conspired together, or knew of the plot yet did not report it, all were dismembered in the marketplace; those who tried the case were all promoted two ranks. Yahu was rewarded with 1,000 taels of gold and 7,500 taels of silver. Sanbaonu was granted the title Darqan; Kuokuochu's Qingzhou fief was granted to him; from the darughachi downward, all were permitted to recommend appointments. On xinwei day Toerchiyan was further made recorder of state affairs of military importance; the wife of the late right chancellor of the central secretariat Talahai, Yerigan, was granted 750 taels of gold, 1,500 taels of silver, and 400 ingots of notes. On renshen day Leshi was made left chancellor of the Ministry of Revenue and imperial son-in-law commandant, and enfeoffed Duke of Qi State. On guiyou day left chancellor and acting branch secretariat pingzhang Hesan Shang was assigned to deliberate on Liaoyang branch secretariat affairs. On yihai day Venus transgressed the moon. With the empress dowager's honorific title, an announcement was made at the imperial ancestral temple.
9
使 西 使 使 使使 使
Third month, jimao new moon: privy council officials said, "The state establishes offices with divided duties; the overall secretariat governs revenue and grain, the privy council governs military affairs — each has fixed regulations. Recently the Ministry of Revenue did not follow the established statutes and reshuffled this bureau's offices; we request they report according to the Dade tenth year personnel quota. We your ministers propose Temür Buqa, Toerchiyan, Chuangwu'er, Yesu, Toghto, and Yierjini as privy council directors; Tobuhua as Metropolitan privy council director; Sadi Shishi and Shi Bi as associate privy council directors; Wu Yuangui as privy council vice director; and Tahai Gu as vice privy council director. An order stated, "Let the privy council establish 17 posts according to the old system." On yiyou day privy council director Jirhelang was made pingzhang of the Shaanxi branch Ministry of Revenue. The Minister of Justice Ma'er was dispatched to Gansu to purchase sheep and horses by negotiated sale; rewards were distributed to Prince Namuhuli's Mongol army; 70,000 ingots of notes were granted. On gengyin day the moon transgressed Di. Ministry of Revenue officials said, "Formerly Shizu issued an order that the five-household silk tribute from rebel prince Qaidu's allotted lands be kept as currency silks, to be granted when they came to surrender — stored for more than 20 years. Now his son Chapar, admiring our civilizing influence, has come to court in homage; we request it be granted to him. The Emperor said, "Shizu's forethought was so far-reaching; wait until the princes' court assembly, and once the distribution of rewards is complete, you shall fully explain the reason, then give it to them — so they will know shame. On xinmao day Kangli army garrison-farm troops were sent to Yongping; oxen were supplied by the government. On renchen day the Emperor proceeded to Shangdu. The Xingsheng Palace Zhangqing Bureau was established, primary second grade. On bingshen day the moon transgressed Southern Dipper. On dingwei day Venus transgressed Jing. Summer, fourth month, on jiyou day 4,000 households of the Xingsheng Palace falconry office and others were distributed to Liaoyang; a wanhu office was established to administer them. Rongmi Cave official Tian Mo gathered barbarian chiefs, killed a qianhu and more than 80 garrison soldiers, and captured and plundered common people; the Yongshun Baojing Nanwei Pacification Commission was changed to the Yongshun and other places military-civilian pacification commission; vice pacification commissioner Zicai was made pacification commissioner and dispatched to summon them. The Goryeo king Wang Zhang was granted a merit-title; his enfeoffment was changed to Prince of Shen. The Dacheng Hua Puqing Temple overall administration office was changed to the Chongxiang Directorate. On gengxu day 9,158-odd ingots of notes were used to purchase plow oxen and farm implements for the Zhigu Suanzaolin garrison-farm troops. On wuchen day Venus was visible in daytime. On jisi day the Qielian Household Various Artisans Overall Directorate was established, primary third grade; two intendant offices were set up administering Dadu and Shangdu separately, primary fifth grade; Jiang-Zhe and other places revenue intendant offices, secondary fifth grade; Ruizhou and other routes camp civilian overall intendant office, secondary fourth grade — all subordinate to the Zhangqing Bureau. On xinwei day the wrestler Ari was granted 1,000 taels of silver and 400 ingots of notes. On bingzi day the Military Artisans Qianhu Office was established, primary fifth grade; 800 artisans of the Left Capital Weiguard were assigned to it to prepare for Xingsheng Palace construction. Imperial Academy students were increased to 300 places. Lingshou and Pingyin counties suffered hail; Yanshan, Ningjin, Tangyi, Chiping, Yanggu, Gaotang, Yucheng, and other counties suffered locusts.
10
使 使 西
Fifth month, on jiashen day Prince Wanji was enfeoffed as Prince of Wei. On guisi day the people of Dongping were famished; 5,000 shi of rice were granted for relief. On yiwei day Ministry of Revenue associate administrator Wang Bi was further made Grand Preceptor. That month, Hefei, Shucheng, Liyang, Mengcheng, Huoqiu, Huaining, and other counties suffered locusts. Sixth month, dingwei new moon: an edict directed Grand Preceptor and Ministry of Revenue right chancellor Tuohuotuo and Grand Guardian and Ministry of Revenue left chancellor Sanbaonu to oversee all bureaus' routine affairs; all were to be submitted through the Ministry of Revenue for implementation. On wushen day 7 posts of the Shangdu chief administrator's office were cut. Acting branch secretariat left associate administrator Hubududing was made central secretariat right associate administrator. On jiyou day the Shangdu, Zhongdu, and other places silver smelting intendant office was established, primary fourth grade. Ministry of Revenue officials said, "Biedu Lusi reported that Chaohé and other places in Yunzhou produce silver; men were sent to test it and obtained 650 taels of silver. An edict ordered establishment of an intendant office; Biedu Lusi was made darughachi. On gengxu day the Guiyun Overall Directorate was established, primary third grade, supervising the revenue and grain of Dachong'en Fuyuan Temple; intendant office, resources treasury, and Dayi Granary were established subordinate to it. On yimao day the moon transgressed Di. The Karakorum province reported, "Poor people coming from the far north — over four years have consumed 600,000 shi of grain, more than 40,000 ingots of notes, 3,000 fishing nets, and 20,000 farm implements. An edict directed the Ministry of Revenue and privy council to dispatch officials to verify with Karakorum provincial officials, grant farm implements and seed, and enable them to farm for their food; for those continuing to arrive, grain was to be granted at the rate of four persons per household. On dingsi day an order directed that this year's princes' and consorts' court assembly rewards follow the Zhida first year precedent. On jiazi day crown prince household administrator Wochi was made central secretariat left associate administrator and Jixian commissioner, supervising the Medical Directorate. On wuchen day envoys were dispatched to all circuits to review and decide serious criminal cases. Grand Preceptor Prince of Qiyang Yuechicha'er was granted 17,919 Qingzhou civilian households; Prince of Anji Qitai Puji was granted 500 Anji Prefecture civilian households. On renshen day because northwestern princes Chapar and others came to court, an announcement was made at the imperial ancestral temple. Tuohuotuo and Sanbaonu were granted pearl robes; Sanbaonu was enfeoffed Duke of Chu State, with Changzhou Route as appanage. On yihai day the Prince of Jin's Yanqing Bureau was raised to primary second grade. That month, Xiangyang, Xizhou Route, and Jingmen Prefecture suffered great flooding; mountains collapsed; 21,829 government offices and dwellings were destroyed; 3,466 persons died. Ruzhou suffered great flooding; 92 persons died. Lu'an Prefecture suffered great flooding; 52 persons died. Yizhou, Juzhou, Yanzhou, and various counties suffered flooding; civilian fields were submerged. Weizhou, Luoshui, Feixiang, Jize, and other counties suffered drought.
11
使 祿
Autumn, seventh month, on wuyin day the moon transgressed Right Enforcer. On jimao day the moon transgressed Upper Minister. On gengchen day the eldest daughter of the Emperor's elder uncle Prince of Jin, Baodashi Lian, was enfeoffed as Grand Princess of Han State. On bingxu day Xunzhou suffered great flooding; 244 dwellings were swept away; 43 persons died; rice was issued for relief. On gengyin day Changhai Yeke Jarquchi was abolished. Prince of Ding Yaomuhu'er requested 6 princely household officials per precedent; this was approved. On guisi day performance-evaluation sealed registers were issued to close-to-the-people chief officials; supervisory officers were ordered to verify their conduct at year's end, record and report upward; the surveillance commission, censorate, and Ministry of Revenue Rites section were to evaluate for promotion or demotion. Ministry of Revenue reception commissioners and deputies were each increased by one post; direct secretariat attendants by 14 posts. The Henan Hunting-Falconry and Fish-Levy Overall Intendant Office was established, primary fourth grade. On yiwei day the Court of Imperial Sacrifices was established at Zhongdu. On dingyou day Sishui, Zhanglin, Dangyang, Yiling, Yicheng, Yuan'an, and other counties suffered flooding; the Ministry of Revenue was ordered to grant relief. On jihai day powerful persons and merchants bearing imperial, empress dowager's, or consort's edicts to obstruct civilian boats on the Hui Tong Canal were forbidden. On renyin day an edict forbade close attendants from memorializing to grant imperial incense, and princes and imperial sons-in-law from granting incense. Cizhou, Weizhou, and various counties suffered drought and locusts.
12
西 使 使
Eighth month, on dingwei day Jiang-Zhe branch Ministry of Revenue left chancellor Hulachu and remotely appointed central secretariat right chancellor Liri were both made censor-in-chief; an edict announced this within and without. On jiayin day a white rainbow pierced the sun. The Court of Imperial Apparel was raised to secondary first grade. On bingchen day an edict on circulating copper cash was announced within and without. On jiazi day the Emperor hunted at Angu Na'er. On jisi day because Prince Jibei Temür was impoverished, Xiliang Prefecture fields were again granted to him. Ministry of Revenue officials said, "This year's distributions of rewards have already been many; for all below each rank who receive imperial, empress dowager's, or consort's edicts granting property — we request selective culling. An order stated, "You need only submit the names; We shall cull them ourselves. Bianliang, Huaiqing, Weihui, Zhangde, Guide, Runing, Nanyang, Henan, and other routes suffered locusts. Ninth month, on jimao day Pingfa barbarian chief Bulao Ding sent his nephew and sister's sons, 10 persons in all, to surrender; Pingfa and other places barbarian military-civilian pacification commission associate commissioner Chen Sicheng was promoted to pacification commissioner, wearing the gold tiger tally. Censorate officials said, "Jiang-Zhe provincial chancellor Dashiman on the Empress Dowager's birthday beat his pingzhang Bolanxi — the matter amounts to disrespect. An edict ordered envoys dispatched to question him. Inner circuits were famished; an edict directed the Ministry of Revenue to grant relief per precedent. On xinsi day the moon transgressed Establishment. A branch pacification commission and commander-in-chief's headquarters was established at Chahan Na'er. On bingxu day the Emperor arrived at Dadu. Baoba was granted pingzhang by remote appointment. On xinmao day the moon transgressed Celestial Granary. On renchen day the crown prince said, "Minister of Education Liu Kui, taking relay transport to visit his family in Jiangnan, greatly disturbed the common people, and has not returned for two years. An edict ordered his dismissal. On gengzi day Tanzhou was placed under the empress's control. The people of Shangdu were famished; an order directed Minister of Justice Saduddin to release 10,000 shi of grain, lowering the price to sell it for relief. On renyin day an edict directed that for officials redundantly established in all offices, monthly salaries were not to be given. An edict addressed Sanbaonu and others, "Last year the central secretariat memorialized that officials in all offices should follow the Dade tenth-year fixed establishment, and redundant ones be eliminated. Now we hear the ranks remain redundantly as before, with some taking up their posts without reporting it. An imperial order directed: those who without memorializing arbitrarily appoint others to posts, and those who take up posts — all are to be arrested; I shall not lightly release them."
13
使 退便 <> 使 西西
Winter, tenth month, jiachen new moon: Venus crossed the meridian. On bingwu day Venus transgressed the Left Enforcer. Sanbaonu and Minister of Education Tian Zhongliang and others said, "Formerly by imperial order we were to carry out Southern Suburb paired offerings and attendant sacrifices, Northern Suburb square mound, and sunrise and sunset moon rites. Your subjects discuss — to sacrifice at the Northern Suburb, the Southern Suburb must come first. This year's winter solstice, sacrifice at the Round Mound, honoring Taizu Emperor as paired recipient; next year's summer solstice, sacrifice at the Square Mound, honoring Shizu Emperor as paired recipient; spring and autumn sunrise and sunset moon — truly conforming to the sacrificial canon." An imperial order: "The ritual implements to be used — order the relevant offices to prepare them quickly. They further said, "In ancestral temple sacrifices, earthenware vessels are used; we beg they be replaced with silver. This was approved. On wushen day the Emperor led the crown prince, princes, and officials to attend at Xingsheng Palace, presenting the empress dowager's honorific seal and regalia reading: Empress Dowager Yitian Xingsheng Ciren Zhaoyi Shouyuan. On gengxu day grateful thanks were offered at the imperial ancestral temple. On guichou day Mars transgressed Kang. On jiayin day an edict addressed within and without, "Common households registering under princes, imperial consorts, and noble close officials to evade corvée and levies — this has already been forbidden. From now on violators shall be made to serve military relay and build the Central Capital. Prefecture and county officials who fail to detect them shall be dismissed. Monk Yilianzhen Qilesi was enfeoffed Duke of Wen State and granted a gold seal. Censorate officials said, "Jiang-Zhe branch secretariat pingzhang Umar sent men following envoy Niza Mading to leave the route and rush relay transport, taking a corrupt official from Shaoxing prison and releasing him. An edict directed censorate officials to dispatch officers to investigate, without showing partiality. Shandong, Xu, and Pi and other places suffered flood and drought; more than 4,000 ingots of notes confiscated by the censorate were used for relief. On dingsi day Ministry of Revenue officials said, "The Xuanzheng Bureau's daily allowances are increasing; though reserves are broad, they still cannot supply them — increases and reductions should be apportioned. The Emperor said, "Recently I observed the inner palace's food and drink is no different from mine — is there such a principle? Order Bedashah together with Xuanzheng Bureau officials to verify and reduce them proportionally. On gengshen day an edict: "Ministry of Revenue affairs are heavy and numerous; those with talent, insight, and clear judgement in all offices shall all be selected and appointed by the Ministry of Revenue; the privy council, censorate, and all other offices must not memorialize for appointment without authorization — violators punished by law. If through private connections they request appointments, they are dismissed without reinstatement. On xinyou day because the empress dowager received an honorific title, an amnesty was granted throughout the realm. Dadu, Shangdu, and Zhongdu compared with other commanderies — supplies are burdensome and harassing; the autumn tax of Zhidawu third year is remitted. All other places — this year's disaster-affected households, once verified on inspection, likewise receive remission as above. Urgent corvées within and without are to be halted from the set date. Levies and tax assignments owed by commoners before Zhidawu second year are all remitted. Kuokuochu's remaining partisans not yet discovered — their crimes are all pardoned. Official and commoner fields and lands everywhere have their respective ownerships; others must not present claims. Sanbaonu said Ministry and provincial officials are unwilling to attend diligently; an edict: "From now gather at dawn and disperse at dusk; if slack or lax, need not report it — punish conveniently on the spot. Those who after arrival take one or two months' leave citing illness shall be beaten, dismissed, and not reinstated. They further said, "When the late chancellor Heluhuosi was in office, deliberation office left and right section case officers and Six Ministries officials daily provided one meal — otherwise they returned hungry, delaying public business; now they have no means of support; we beg each be granted 200 ingots of notes, invested in guiyun capital from which interest is drawn for food. Approved. On dingmao day Prince Mubala's son Maiju Han was enfeoffed Prince of Yan. On renshen day Prince of Jin Yesun Temuer said, "Shizu granted me the land, gold and silver, and copper smelters that Zhang Temuer presented; later Chengzong confiscated lands and households occupied by princes, with levies paid to county officials — we beg they be returned. Approved; 2,000 ingots of notes were also granted to relieve his following's poor. Jiang-Zhe provincial officials said, "Formerly Zhu Qing and Zhang Xuan's sea-transport grain was 400,000 to 500,000 up to 1,100,000 per year; then ships were many and grain few, so hire costs were evenly fair. In recent years levies arose at random; transport households are impoverished and exhausted, and some have fled. This year 3 million are to be transported; transport ships are insufficient; men were sent to Zhedong, Fujian, and other places to hire — the people were alarmed. This province's left vice director Shabuding said his younger brother Hebashi, Mahemu Dande, the Ganpu Yang clan, and others all have boats and deeply understand transport affairs; we beg they be made officials of the Sea Route Grain Transport Chief Ten-Thousand Households Office, each transport official grain by their own means; ten-thousand and thousand household posts to be inherited like military officers, treat transport households leniently, increase hire payments — then there may be results. The Ministry of Revenue reported; it was requested that Mahemu Dande be remotely appointed right vice director, overseer of overseas territories pacification commissioner, commander-in-chief, and director of the Sea Route Chief Transport Ten-Thousand Households Office; ten-thousand household posts established, each with one darughachi, three wanhu, two vice wanhu, and four centurions — approved. Yunnan branch secretariat censor-in-chief Tegudai'er left his post without authorization to come to the capital; an imperial order questioned him; by the empress dowager's order he was pardoned and ordered back to his post. Censor-in-chief Tiegudai'er was made Shaanxi Branch Censorate chief censor; an edict addressed Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Gansu. An edict addressed the Chief Agriculture Commission to encourage farming and sericulture.
14
調 調 西 西 使
Eleventh month, jiaxu new moon: Venus transgressed Kang. On wuyin day Jining, Dongping, and other routes suffered famine; households previously relieved are exempt from this year's levies; those not yet relieved have half reduced proportionally. An edict addressed Li Ri: memorials to the Ministry of Revenue — all censorate appointment matters, do not involve them hereafter. On gengchen day Henan suffered flooding; the dead were given coffins; those whose houses were washed away were given notes; grain relief for two months by registered mouths verified; this year's rent and levies remitted; overdue collections halted. On xinsi day Ministry of Revenue officials said, "This year 1 million ingots of Zhidawu notes have already been printed; we beg 20,000 more be printed, and copper cash circulate together, to supply the guards and falconry office in urgent need. They further said, "Shangdu and Zhongdu silver smelting intendant Bedulusi last year submitted 4,250 taels of silver; this autumn submitted 3,500 more, and says a new mine was found — silver production should increase; we beg he be promoted to Grand Master for Glorious Discussion. Both approved. Tuohuotuo was promoted to grand preceptor and recorder of military and state affairs, enfeoffed Duke of Yi State. On renwu day the Great Chong'en Fuyuan Temple Guiyun overall administration bureau was changed to Longxi Bureau, rank 2b. On dinghai day the moon encroached upon Bi. On wuzi day the crown prince's consort Qielian household overall administration bureau was changed to Palace Inner Service. Because Yidu, Ninghai, and other places suffered famine several years running, falconry hunting was suspended; other hunting grounds also ordered restricted, awaiting autumn harvest. Ministry of Revenue officials said, "Yunnan Lin'an, Dali, and other pacification commissions, Lijiang pacification commission, and Puding Route subordinate tribes have linked with barbarian bandits, killing and plundering good people; admonition does not yield obedience; troops are being mobilized against Babao Xifu and military strength is depleted. Now it is proposed — one horse to each Mongol soldier, two horses to each ten Han soldiers, paying fair value; we beg 30,000 ingots of notes be granted. They further said, "Sichuan Shaoxing Route's Rongmi Cave Timor has linked various barbarians, attacked Maliao and other stockades; troops are being mobilized for suppression; centurion Tashi was sent to admonish Timor Shishiyong and others to come and surrender. It is fitting to establish Huangsha Stockade, appointing Timor Shishiyong wanhu, Tashi darughachi of the Hedong-Shaanxi and other places wanhu thousand-household office, Liao Qilong judge of Laining Prefecture, Tian Siyuan judge of Huaide Prefecture; rewards granted and they sent back. All approved. Zhu Qing's son Hu and Zhang Xuan's son Wenlong were sent to manage sea transport; one confiscated residence and 100 qing of fields were given them. Ministry of Revenue officials said, "Formerly Shizu appointed Prince Tughan Prince of Zhennan to reside at Yangzhou; now his son Lao Zhang, going in and out with escort guards, usurps imperial regalia. An edict orders officials sent to question him, and the usurped regalia brought up. Approved. Central Capital construction was ordered — ox carts to transport earth; each guard's warriors ordered to assist; deadline fifteenth day of fourth month next year; those missing the deadline — their chiefs punished; those voluntarily providing carts and oxen for transport separately rewarded. Jiang-Zhe left grand councillor Dashiman and Jiangxi left grand councillor Biebuqa came to court. Shizu palace woman Boyalun was granted 750 taels of gold, 2,500 taels of silver, and 600 ingots of notes. On bingshen day the Southern Suburb rites were performed; Taizu Emperor honored as paired recipient with August Heaven. On jihai day the Ministry of Revenue reported that Wu Guard personal army commander-in-chief Zheng A'ersilan with elder brother Zheng Rongzu, Duan Shuren, and others plotted rebellion; a case was opened for investigation; all falsely confessed; an edict ordered Shuren and 17 others all executed by regular law, households registered and property confiscated.
15
殿
Twelfth month, jiachen new moon: because the Great Chong'en Fuyuan Temple was being built, Qishila was remotely appointed left vice director; Qulie and Liu Liang remotely appointed associate administrators, all overseeing Ministry of Works affairs. The Chonghui Bureau was established, subordinate to the Central Domestic Affairs Court. On wushen day Jining Route suffered an earthquake. On jiwei day within and without were notified: those who evade corvée by registering under princes shall serve military relay. Prince of Zhennan Lao Zhang presumptuously imitated guard regalia; investigation found proof; Lao Zhang was summoned to court. Fourth year, spring, first month, guiyou new moon: the Emperor was unwell; audiences for congratulations were remitted; a great amnesty was granted throughout the realm. On gengchen day the Emperor died in the Yude Hall; he reigned five years; age thirty-one. On renwu day the imperial bier set out; he was buried at Qilian Valley, following the imperial tombs.
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Summer, fourth month, yiwei day: civil and military officials Yesian Temuer and others presented the posthumous title Renhui Xuanxiao Emperor; temple name Wuzong; in the national language Qulü Emperor. That day posthumous rites were performed at the Southern Suburb.
17
Intercalary seventh month, bingwu day: enshrined in the imperial ancestral temple.
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Wuzong faced a great inheritance of wealth; resolute in wishing to create new governance, reform laws, and act with purpose — therefore his enfeoffments were excessive, remote appointments numerous, bestowals overly lavish, and indiscriminate grace too widely extended; the policies of Zhiyuan and Dade were from this point slightly changed.
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