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卷二十八 本紀第二十八: 英宗二

Volume 28 Annals 28: Yingzong 2

Chapter 28 of 元史 · History of Yuan
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1
使 簿 使 殿 西
Second year, spring, first month, on jisi new moon, Annam and Champa each dispatched envoys presenting tribute goods. On renzi day famine at Baoding Xiongzhou was relieved. On gengwu day the Grand Ancestral Temple was expanded. On jiaxu day Han people were forbidden to carry weapons when going hunting and to practice martial arts. On dingchou day the moon encroached upon Hairy Head. The Emperor personally offered at the Imperial Ancestral Temple; for the first time the guard of honor was displayed; silks and cloths were granted to the aged who guided the carriage. On wuyin day an edict directed the authorities to preserve and relieve impoverished descendants of the Kong clan. On jimao day Shandong, Baoding, Henan, Bianliang, Guide, Xiangyang, Runing, and other places suffered famine; 395,000 shi of grain were issued for relief. On gengchen day Venus encroached upon Establishment Star. Princess Alatenabala was given in marriage; 500,000 ingots of notes were granted. On xinsi day Venus encroached upon Establishment Star. Edict: "In censorate appointments, do not restrict by qualifications. Yifeng County's river overflow damaged crops; relief was given. On guimou day Huizheng Bureau commissioner Luo Yuan was exiled to Tamna. A traveling palace was built at Willow Grove. Tachar was enfeoffed as Duke of Lan State. On xinmao day the moon encroached upon Heart. On guisi day the Western monk Luozang was made Minister of Works. Huozhou suffered famine; 100,000 shi of grain were sold at reduced prices for relief. On jiawu day Mars encroached upon Room. On dingyou day Venus encroached upon Ox.
2
使 殿 禿 使 殿 西 使
Second month, on jihai new moon, Mars encroached upon Establishment and Enclosure stars. On gengzi day Left and Right Qincha Guard Elite Army Command offices were established; Baizhu was ordered to command them overall. Construction labor at Shangdu's Xieshan Hall and the Imperial Preceptor's Temple was halted. On xinchou day a stele was granted to Tieshi's father and grandfather. On guimao day Jiangnan branch censorate chief censor Qincha was made central secretariat grand councillor; Jiang-Zhe branch secretariat associate administrator Wang Juren was made central secretariat associate administrator; Xue Chujing was dismissed and made Henan branch secretariat left vice chancellor. On bingwu day Mars encroached upon Punishment Star. On wushen day the altars of soil and grain were sacrificed to. Nine counties of Shunde Route suffered flood and drought; relief was given. The moon encroached upon Well. On gengxu day Mars encroached upon Eastern Wall. On xinhai day the moon encroached upon Wine Banner and Xuanyuan. On renzi day Venus encroached upon Rampart Wall Formation. Prince Attebuhua was granted 75,000 ingots of notes. Because Chiwutai Tuhulu died in service, 35,000 ingots of notes were granted. Prince Qiebo dispatched envoys presenting a literary leopard. Hejian Route suffered famine; wine-brewing was forbidden. On guichou day the moon encroached upon Bright Hall. On jiayin day troops levied for Grand Ancestral Temple labor were ordered to build the flowing-cup pool traveling palace. Official vacancies existed in commanderies and counties of Guanghai Circuit; an edict directed that those willing to take appointment be promoted 2 ranks. On yimao day Liaoyang branch secretariat grand councillor Maidon was made central secretariat grand councillor. The Western monk Yisilaman Zhanpu was ill; an edict ordered release of 1 prisoner under capital sentence and 20 under flogging punishment. On wuwu day famine in Zhending and other routes was relieved. On jiwei day the moon encroached upon Celestial River. Horses were requisitioned and granted to the Zongren Guard. On renxu day Venus encroached upon Rampart Wall Formation. Prince Qiebo dispatched envoys presenting eastern Qing falcons. On guihai day Liaoyang and other routes suffered famine; their land tax was remitted, and 1 month's grain was still issued for relief. On jiazi day Enzhou suffered flooding; the people suffered famine and pestilence; relief was given.
3
宿 西 西 宿 綿
Third month, jisi day, central secretariat officials said, "The National University has fallen into neglect; we request that central secretariat grand councillor Lian Xun, deliberating official of central secretariat affairs Zhang Yanghao, and secretariat bureau director Bolu Chong supervise it. For schools in outer commanderies, the censorate, Hanlin Academy, and Directorate of Education are still ordered to deliberate jointly on reviving them. This was approved. An edict directed that the Four Guards, Xingsheng Palace, and princes' establishments not employ southerners. Wolusi denounced his parents; he was beheaded. On xinwei day capture of swans was forbidden; violators' households would be registered. On renshen day Zhang Gui was restored as Minister of Works. Famine in the western He counties of Lin'an Route was relieved. On guiyou day Henan and Liang-Huai commanderies suffered famine; wine-brewing was forbidden. On bingzi day Yan'an Route suffered famine; 1 month's grain was issued for relief. More than 40,000 construction laborers of various camps in the capital were dismissed. 12 commanderies of Hejian, Henan, and Shaanxi suffered spring drought and autumn rains; the people suffered famine; half their land tax was remitted. On wuyin day the capital city was repaired. Edict: "Of Jiang-Zhe monastic temple lands, except for Song-era permanent estates and those granted by Shizu, the remainder shall all be taxed. On guimou day famine among Jurchen and Han military households in Liaoyang was relieved. On yiyou day flooding disaster in Puzhou was relieved. On bingxu day, because the rite of personally sacrificing was completed, silks were granted to those who participated in the sacrifice. Officials inside and outside were uniformly reduced 1 rank of seniority. Myriarch Qara Nauqai used private grain to relieve the army; silver and silks were granted, and he was still compensated at market price. The seal of the itinerant Communications Court was issued. Notes were granted in varying amounts to the 4 guard corps of the former heir apparent's residence. Maritime Trade Intendant's offices were re-established in Quanzhou, Qingyuan, and Guangdong circuits; women, children, gold, silver, silk, and cotton were forbidden from sailing overseas. On dinghai day Fengxiang Daoist Wang Daoming was executed for sorcerous speech. A halo encircled the sun like linked rings. Prince Oluwunsun was granted a silver seal. The authorities were ordered to build a shrine to Muqali at Dongping and also erect a stele. Because state revenues were exhausted, grants to princes and the annual stipends of Empress Dalanmishili and others were halted. On gengyin day Caozhou and Huazhou suffered famine; relief was given. The Directorate of Palace Construction was ordered to remake the ceremonial cap with pendant beads. On xinmao day censors were dispatched to review prisoners. The Baqalarsun relay station in Ganzhou was established. Surveillance censor He Shouqian was flogged and dismissed for corruption. On renchen day 11 relay stations at Shangdu were relieved. Clothing and grain were issued to Mongol children of the Zongren Guard. Prince Tuolie Temür was granted 50,000 ingots of notes. On jiawu day the people of Haribin in Liaoyang suffered famine; relief was given. On dingyou day the Emperor visited Willow Grove. The imperial son-in-law Xuna's son Suqie petitioned, saying, "My father plotted rebellion, and my mother secretly followed another man." The Emperor said, "A son's duty to parents is to conceal and not expose; now when they err he does not remonstrate, yet again denounces them. An order was given to execute him. Famine in Fengyuan Route was relieved.
4
西
Summer, fourth month, on wuxu new moon, the imperial carriage visited the Upper Capital. On jihai day Mongol troops of Lingbei suffered famine; grain was issued and they were sent back to their units. On gengzi day famine in Zhangde Route was relieved. On renyin day Zhenzhou suffered fire, and Huizhou suffered famine; both were relieved. On xinhai day Jingzhou had rain and hail; land tax of those afflicted was remitted. On renzi day Princess Shilun Dalan died; 50,000 ingots of notes were granted. On jiayin day Xiang and Nanyang Prefecture's Xi and Rang garrison fields suffered wind and hail; Hongze and Shaobo garrison fields suffered drought and locusts last year; land tax was remitted in all cases. On bingchen day Enzhou suffered famine; wine-brewing was forbidden. On yichou day central secretariat officials requested economizing on grants to ease the people's burden; the Emperor said, "We consider that expenditures exceed revenues; in matters of disbursement and receipt, you ought to be cautious — We shall economize Our expenditures. On bingyin day notes and silks were granted to frontier garrison troops. Famine victims in Dongchang and Bazhou were relieved. Songjiang Prefecture's Shanghai County suffered flooding, yet drought persisted.
5
退 使 使 使 西 調 禿 殿 宿 綿
Fifth month, on jisi day Princess Suge Bala was made Grand Princess of Zhao State. Rent was remitted for disaster-stricken people of De'an Prefecture, and the Hutuo River embankment was repaired. Zhangde Prefecture suffered famine; wine-brewing was forbidden. On gengwu day the people of Taifu and Linyi counties plotted rebellion; their ringleader Wang Lü'er was executed, and the rest were beaten and exiled. Suizhou and Xuchou prefectures suffered flood and drought last year; their rent was remitted. On xinwei day Imperial Son-in-law Tuotuo died; he was granted 50,000 strings of notes. On bingzi day Mars withdrew and transgressed East Saltern. On gengchen day famine in Gu'an Prefecture was relieved. A camp was established at Yongping to collect and support Mongol children; envoys were dispatched to announce this throughout the realm, and those who concealed them were punished. On guiwei day Censor-in-Chief Tuotuo was made Jiangnan Branch Censorate censor-in-chief. The Zongren Mongol Personal Guard Army Commanderate was established. On jiashen day the imperial carriage visited Mount Wutai. Famine in Xiajin and Yongqing counties was relieved. Jirharang was made censor-in-chief. On yiyou day Baizhu was put in charge of the Zongren Mongol Personal Guard Army Commanderate, wearing a three-pearl tiger tally. The capital suffered famine; 200,000 shi of grain were released for relief sale. Yunnan branch secretariat grand councillors Dashitemuer and Duo'erzhi were beaten and dismissed from office for corruption. On wuzi day the people were forbidden to gather in crowds to pray to spirits. On gengyin day Henan, Shaanxi, Hejian, Baoding, Zhangde, and other routes suffered famine; grain was issued in relief, and regular levies were still reduced by half. 2,000 Han troops from the various guards were mobilized to serve as Zongren Guard garrison-farm soldiers. A comet was observed at Mount Wutai. On jiawu day famine in Gongchang and Jie Prefecture was relieved. On bingshen day Wu Quanjie was made patriarch of the Extended Teaching and specially advanced upper minister. Intercalary month, on wuxu day Chancellor Zhuge Liang the Loyal and Martial Marquis was enfeoffed as Prince of Majestic Valor, Loyal Martiality, Manifest Spirit, and Benevolent Succor. On xinchou day ten-thousand-household commander Li Ying took a commoner as a slave and on his own authority tattooed his face; he was punished for the offense. On guimao day White Lotus Buddhist rites were forbidden. Suixian's Haoshe garrison suffered great flooding and famine; relief was granted. Princes Ama and Chengtong, for unauthorized transfer of Prince Tielienie's guard soldiers, were both beaten and exiled to Hainan. On jiachen day censorate officials requested dismissal of surveillance censors unfit for their posts, to serve as warning and encouragement; this was approved. On bingwu day impoverished northern frontier garrison soldiers were granted 32,500,000 strings of notes and 500,000 bolts of silk. On wushen day Meixian of Fengyuan Route and Cheng Prefecture suffered famine; both were relieved. Temüder's son, privy council vice director Bandan, was made privy council director. On jiyou day Yebugan Batuer, for meritorious service on the frontier, was granted gold and notes. On renzi day the Zitan Hall was constructed. On yimao day, because Huai'an Route suffered great flooding last year, Liaoyang Route had frost that killed the crops, and Nankang Route suffered drought, rent was remitted in all cases. On renxu day prolonged rain in Anfeng's subordinate counties damaged the crops; rent was remitted. Baocheng County of Xingyuan suffered famine; relief was granted. On jiazi day Zhending and Shandong routes suffered famine; prohibitions on river and lake fisheries were relaxed. On bingyin day cave barbarians of Yuanling County, Chen Prefecture, became bandits; troops were dispatched to capture them. An edict stated, "Those already appointed who fail to take up their posts shall be stripped of office." Princess Suge Bala's wet nurse was enfeoffed Lady of Shun State. Sixth month, on dingmao new moon, the imperial carriage reached Mount Wutai; the escort and palace guard were forbidden to trample the people's grain. One investigating official each was appointed in Zhongqing and Dali routes. On wuchen day subordinate counties of Yang Prefecture suffered drought; rent was remitted. On jisi day Miangu and Zhaohua counties of Guangyuan Route suffered famine; government grain was purchased at market price to relieve them. On renshen day Mars transgressed Heart. On guiyou day prohibition was reiterated against day-selectors recklessly discussing celestial signs. On jiaxu day Xinping and Shangcai counties suffered flooding; rent was remitted. On bingzi day the Hun River embankment was repaired. On renwu day the Chen Prefecture river overflowed, destroying the people's dwellings. On dinghai day subordinate counties of Fengyuan suffered flooding, and subordinate counties of Huai'an suffered drought; rent was remitted in both cases. On gengyin day Sizhou suffered wind and hail, and Jiande Route suffered flooding; all were relieved.
6
禿 宿
Autumn, seventh month, on wuxu day Huai'an Route suffered flooding and the people were famine-stricken; rent was remitted. On jihai day Mars transgressed Celestial River. On dingwei day Baizhu was granted 10,000 mu of fields in Pingjiang. On renzi day Prince Chachatu was dispatched to command troops on the northern frontier; he was granted 250 taels of gold, 2,500 taels of silver, and 500,000 strings of notes. On wuwu day the moon transgressed the halberd star of the Well lodge. When the imperial carriage halted at Ying Prefecture, a partial amnesty was granted to prisoners of Jincheng County. On gengshen day Jing Prefecture was promoted to a route. On xinyou day the imperial carriage halted at Zeyuan Prefecture. Central secretariat left associate administrator Zhang Siming, convicted of an offense, was beaten and dismissed from office, and his household was registered. On jiazi day 1,000 sick corvée soldiers and artisans of the capital were recorded; each was granted notes and sent home. Nankang Route suffered great flooding, and Lu'an County of Luz Prefecture had heavy rain; water surged to several feet deep on level ground; the people were famine-stricken; officials were ordered to grant 1 month's relief grain.
7
鹿殿 西 涿鹿殿西 西
Eighth month, on wuchen day sacrifice was offered to the altars of soil and grain. On jisi day the people of Ningyuan County, Daozhou, led by Fu Yizhen, rebelled; officials were dispatched to suppress and capture them. On renshen day the people of Yu Prefecture presented auspicious grain. On jiaxu day the imperial carriage halted at Fengsheng Prefecture. The Zongren Guard camp was constructed. Travel grain was granted to displaced persons of Luz Prefecture returning to their occupations. On wuyin day an edict ordered the Silkworm and Wheat Diagram painted on the walls of Deer Peak Hall, to be viewed in season and thereby know the people's affairs. On jimao day Lu'an and Shucheng counties of Luz Route suffered flooding; relief was granted. On gengchen day 7,000 corvée soldiers for Shou'an Mountain Temple were added. On gengyin day Temüder died; orders were issued to pay fair price and purchase his burial ground. On jiawu day Gao'an County of Ruizhou suffered famine; officials were ordered to relieve it. Ninth month, on wuxu day flooding at relay stations in Daning Route and Shuidada damaged the crops; relief was granted. Notes totaling 7,500,000 strings were granted to impoverished Mongol children. On wushen day notes were granted to soldiers and artisans who died building the temple at Shou'an Mountain — 150 strings per person. On gengxu day prohibition was reiterated against pawning and hiring out wives and concubines in Jiangnan. On xinhai day the Emperor visited Shou'an Mountain Temple and granted notes to supervising officials — 5,000 strings per person. On jiayin day famine in Taixing and other counties east of the Huai was relieved. On bingchen day the Grand Empress Dowager died. On wuwu day notes totaling 1,500,000 strings were granted to Mongol children. On jiwei day the moon transgressed Mingtang. On gengshen day an edict halted this year's winter sacrifice at the Southern Suburb. On guihai day there was an earthquake. On jiazi day Hexi County of Lin'an suffered drought through spring and summer without rain; seed would not enter the soil, and residents scattered; officials were ordered to grant relief and have them return to their occupations. A multi-storied building was constructed west of Deer Peak Hall at Zhuo Prefecture. On bingyin day the Western monk Banji fell ill; he was granted 50,000 strings of notes.
8
使 殿
Winter, tenth month, on dingmao day the Directorate of Astronomy requested prohibition of earthworks next year; this was approved. On wuchen day sacrifice was performed at the Imperial Ancestral Temple; because of national mourning, incense was received without music; temple repair labor was not yet complete, hindering the display of palace suspended music — only ascent hymns were used. On bingzi day Yajisi sent envoys presenting tribute goods. Jiangnan Branch Censorate chief Tuotuo, for requesting leave and leaving office without having received approval, was beaten and demoted to Yunnan. From gengchen to xinsi day the moon transgressed Well. On jiashen day an Imperial Spirit Hall for Taizu was built at Xingjiao Temple. On jichou day Mars transgressed Rampart Wall Formation. Baizhu was made central secretariat right chancellor. The bandits Tan Gengsheng and others of Nan'en Prefecture surrendered.
9
西 使 使 西
Eleventh month, on jiawu new moon, there was a solar eclipse. On jihai day an edict announcing the appointment of the right chancellor was issued throughout the realm. Wandering refugees who returned to their occupations were exempted from corvée and tax for 3 years. Relay households impoverished to the point of selling wives and children — the government redeemed and returned them. For all corvée and construction levies, merchant, artisan, and wealthy households were assessed first, to spare agricultural labor. 30% of next year's corvée and tax in Shaanxi was remitted, 20% of next year's rent on official tenant land everywhere, and the newly imposed bao silver levy in Jianghuai was entirely remitted. Censor Li Duan said, "Recently earthquakes in the capital and eclipses of the sun and moon are all due to our failure in office." The Emperor blamed himself and said, "It is because my deliberations were inadequate that this has happened." An edict then directed that the officials too should discipline themselves, to heed Heaven's warning. Superfluous offices established since Emperor Shizu were abolished. Jiangnan monks who had wives were registered as commoners. Annam sent envoys presenting tribute goods; in return 450 taels of gold, 9 gold coins, and silk in equal number were granted. On guimao day there was an earthquake. On jiachen day Venus encroached upon Rampart Wall Formation. The Huizheng Court was abolished. On yisi day Mars encroached upon Rampart Wall Formation. On bingwu day 3 dragon boats were built. On wushen day the moon masked Well. Min Prefecture suffered drought and epidemic; relief was granted, and gold belts were granted to wanhu, qianhu, and other officers garrisoning the northern frontier. Censor Li Duan said, "Although the court has established the Veritable Records of Attendance, what is recorded are only items that officials hear and memorialize. The sovereign's words and conduct should all be written and entrusted to the History Office. Institutions fixed since Emperor Shizu should be codified as statutes, so officials cannot commit fraud and those adjudicating cases have rules to follow." All was approved. On yimao day the Western monk Gaozhuwa was dispatched to welcome the Imperial Preceptor. In Xuande County of Xuande Prefecture the ground repeatedly shook; grain and notes were granted in relief to victims. On jiwei day the moon encroached upon Eastern Door. Tuotuohesun was fixed to enter the regular official selection stream, with seal and salary granted. The Eight Tribes Military-Civilian Pacification Office was established, and 28 chieftain jurisdictions were converted into prefectures and counties. On gengshen day the moon encroached upon Celestial River. On xinyou day Mars encroached upon Jupiter. Perfected Master Cai Daitai killed a man and was executed; Ministry of Justice director Budashili was convicted of accepting his gold, and Fan Deyu of collusive evasion — both were beaten and dismissed. Pingjiang Circuit suffered flooding, damaging 49,630 qing of official and civilian land; rent was remitted.
10
西 使 使 使使 禿 西 使 西 西
Twelfth month, jiazi new moon: Jianchang Prefecture of Nankang suffered great flooding and landslides; 47 died and the people were famished; relief was ordered. On yichou day Venus, Jupiter, and Mars converged in Encampment; Venus encroached upon Rampart Wall Formation. On dingmao day central secretariat grand councillor Mai Lü was dismissed and made director of the Central Domestic Affairs Court, Lian Xun was dismissed and made grand academician of the Hall of Worthies, and Hall of Worthies grand academician Zhang Gui was made central secretariat grand councillor. On wuchen day Zhang Sicheng, Wu Quanjie, and Lan Daoyuan of the Taoist directorate, each thrice granted commissions and silver seals — an edict stripped 2 from each. On renshen day the silver tax on Hui households garrisoned and settled in Hexi was remitted. On jiaxu day Laian Route chief commander Cen Shixing rebelled; troops were dispatched to suppress him. Tiemudie'er's son, Huizheng Court commissioner Basijisi, was convicted of accepting land falsely presented by Liu Kui and executed; his household property was confiscated. On yihai day the moon masked Well. On bingyin day Prince Zhennan Tobuhua's garrison troops were increased. On wuyin day Venus encroached upon Jupiter. On gengchen day Ge Man Pacification Office vice commissioner Long Rengui rebelled; Huguang branch secretariat supervised troops to capture him. Privy council director Qinchatai was made Huizheng Court commissioner, associate administering director Susu was made left secretariat vice director, and Zongren Guard privy guard commander Mara was made associate administering director. On guiwei day the cave barbarian Bazhe of Rouyuan Prefecture, Shaoxing Circuit, raided; troops were dispatched to capture him. Censor-in-chief Jirhalang was made privy council director. Chochu Tu was enfeoffed as Prince of Wuning and granted a gold seal. Because of the earthquake and solar eclipse, the central secretariat, privy council, censorate, Hanlin Academy, and Hall of Worthies were ordered to assemble and deliberate on matters of benefit and harm to the state and report. An edict directed that construction at the two capitals remain as before; the rest as deliberated. The liquor prohibition in Henan, Shaanxi, and other places was relaxed. Close attendants memorializing to take confiscated goods and funds was forbidden. On yiyou day Hangzhou suffered fire; relief was granted. On bingxu day the posthumous title of the Grand Empress Dowager was fixed as Zhaoxian Yuansheng; Court of Imperial Sacrifices commissioner Duotai was dispatched to announce the posthumous deliberation at the Grand Ancestral Temple. Ningchang Prefecture was promoted to lower-route status and 1 county was added. Xisha County of Yunnan was merged into Ning Prefecture. 20 qing of sacrificial estate for the shrine of Loyal and Martial King Bayan of Huai'an was granted. On jichou day Mars encroached upon Outer Screen; the moon encroached upon Establishment. On xinmao day grain and notes were granted to Mongol refugees and they were sent back to their original territories. Zhang Gui, ill with foot disease, was exempted from court congratulations. A Western monk, ill with an abhiseka ailment, requested release of prisoners; the Emperor said, "Releasing prisoners to seek blessing — how could it be that I begrudge this for the master's sake? I think that if wicked men are repeatedly pardoned they will in turn harm the good — where is the blessing in that?" Huixuan Court officials said, "In Emperor Shizu's time Huangjila annually supplied 2,000 sheep to the imperial kitchen; under Emperor Chengzong it was raised to 3,000; now they request raising it to 5,000. The Emperor did not approve and said, "All the people under Heaven belong to me; if there is insufficiency I should succor them. If levies are increased the common people will surely be driven to destitution — what benefit is there for the state?" An edict ordered observance of Emperor Shizu's old regulations. Huizhou, Luzhou, Jinan, Zhending, Hejian, Daming, Guide, Runing, Gongchang and other places and Henan's Shaobo garrison farm suffered flooding; Datong, Weihui, Jiangling subordinate counties and the Dahui garrison of Fengshan Office suffered wind; Henan and Yunnan's Wumeng and other garrison farms suffered drought; Bianliang, Shunde, Hejian, Baoding, Qingyuan, Jining, Puzhou, Yidu subordinate counties and various guard garrison farms suffered locusts.
11
使 殿 禿 使 西 使 調
Third year, first month, guisi new moon: Siam and Eight Tribes cave barbarian chieftains each dispatched envoys presenting tribute. Yucheng County of Cao Prefecture — last autumn's rains harmed the crops; county residents Xing Zhu and Cheng Jin contributed grain to relieve the hungry; the relevant office was ordered to honor their gates. On yiwei day sacrifice was performed at the Grand Ancestral Temple. On jihai day bandits rose in Siming Prefecture; Huguang branch secretariat supervised troops to capture them. On gengzi day Ministry of Justice director Wuma'er was convicted of corruption, beaten and dismissed. On renyin day the Court of the Imperial Stud was ordered to supply an additional 100 mares for mare's-milk sacrifice at the spirit halls of Emperors Shizu and Renzong. Relay households of Karakorum, Alantu, and elsewhere were impoverished; notes were granted in relief. Branch secretariat grand councillors were again made concurrently commander of military affairs; military officers guilty of offenses — serious cases reported upward, minor ones decided on the spot. Gold and silver smelters at Shangdu, Yun Prefecture, Xinghe, Xuande, Yu Prefecture, Fengsheng Prefecture, Jiming Mountain, Fang Mountain, Huanglu, Sancha and elsewhere were abolished; commoners were permitted to mine and smelt, remitting 3/10 to the government. Former privy council vice director Wu Yuangui and Wang Yue were granted Hall of Worthies grand academician rank, Hanlin expositor Han Congyi was granted Zhaowen Hall grand academician rank — all to deliberate on central secretariat affairs. Bayan said, "Former Hall of Worthies expositor Zhao Juxin and academicians-direct Wu Cheng are both virtuous elder Confucians; I request they be summoned and employed. The Emperor was pleased and said, "Your words exactly match my mind; we should further seek out recluses hidden in mountains and forests." Zhao Juxin was thereupon made Hanlin academician-expositor-in-chief and Wu Cheng made academician. Two additional judges were added to the Shangdu rear-guard office, to be Han Chinese, exclusively handling penal matters. Two intendant offices for Empress Renzong's palace rank were established at fifth grade, subordinate to the Chenghui Temple. The moon encroached upon Halberd, and again encroached upon Well. On guimao day the moon encroached upon Well. On jiachen day Prince Zhenxi Wuning's following suffered famine; relief was granted. Prince Hulachu was dispatched to garrison Yunnan and granted 15,000 ingots of notes. On xinhai day Tieshi was again ordered to invigorate the censorate framework. On renzi day a princes' relay station was built in the capital; Muslim artillery wanhu were dispatched to Runing and Xincai to teach artillery methods per Emperor Shizu's old regulations. The Liao of Jingjiang, Yong, and Liu prefectures raided; Huguang branch secretariat was ordered to supervise troops to capture them. On jiayin day because the Zongren Guard's quota of Mongol children was sufficient for 10,000 households, collection was ordered stopped. On yimao day households of the Eastern Expedition's Mojidi Wuze presented sable, otter, and seal skins; an edict granted 3 years' relief and care. On bingchen day Quanzhou commoner Liu Yingzong rebelled; Jiangzhe branch secretariat was ordered to dispatch troops to capture him. On dingsi day ranks for posthumous enfeoffment and office grants were fixed. On xinyou day falsely killing descendants to frame commoners was forbidden. One additional Ministry of War director was added. Sichuan branch secretariat grand councillor Zhao Shiyan, because his younger brother sued him over unlawful conduct, was imprisoned awaiting response; his brother fled; an edict released him. It was also codified as a statute: if the fugitive did not appear within 100 days, the one awaiting response was released. Privy council vice director Wanyan Nadan, attendant censor Cao Boqi, yeke jarquchi Buyan, Hall of Worthies academician Qincha, and Hanlin academician-direct Cao Yuanyong were ordered to hear read the accumulated dynastic regulations compiled in Emperor Renzong's time. Edict: "For those exceptionally appointed outside the regular roster, only raise their office, do not raise their grade."
12
西 使 便 宿 西 使 使 使
Second month, guihai new moon: Huayan Temple, Imperial Preceptor 'Phags-pa Temple, and Bayan's mansion at Shangdu were built, employing 6,200 soldiers. Military officer hereditary succession was regulated: when the eldest legitimate son or grandson was young, brothers and nephews were to act in his stead with a provisional commission bearing the appointment patent, to quell lawsuits. That night Mars, Venus, and Saturn — 3 stars — gathered at Stomach. On bingyin day the Hanlin National History Office presented the Veritable Records of Emperor Renzong. Jiaohua and others were dispatched to the Western Tibetans to pacify newly submitted people, collect livestock taxes, and repair relay stations. On wuchen day sacrifice was offered to the altars of soil and grain. On the Heavenly Longevity Festival, Bindan, Java, and other states dispatched envoys presenting tribute. On jisi day 19 sluice gates of the Tonghui Canal were repaired. The Yehu and Sanggan roads were repaired. On guiyou day the Emperor hunted at Willow Grove and, turning to Baizhu, said, "Recently the earth has been unquiet and wind and rain untimely — could it be that in succeeding to the great inheritance there are shortcomings in my conduct? In reply he said, "Earthquakes have existed since antiquity; Your Majesty's self-reproach is indeed fitting, but it is truly because we, your ministers, have failed in our duties and could not harmonize and govern. The Emperor said, "In 3 years on the throne, among the myriad people and all things, could there be nothing discordant? You and others should deliberate with the hundred officials; whatever benefits the people and serves the common good, I shall immediately carry out. Offices of the princely tutor for Prince Yebogan of Zhenyuan were established. One chief official post of Huangping Prefecture in Bozhou was abolished, and its people were relocated under Huangping. That night Venus transgressed Hairy Head. On xinsi day the 5 regalia carriages were made. Minister of Education Liu Kui and Xuanzheng Bureau associate commissioner Nanggatai, for falsely presenting land and improperly taking government funds, were executed. Precedent regulations were finalized — altogether 2,539 articles, including 717 adjudication precedents, 1,151 clause regulations, 94 amnesties and edicts, and 577 ordinance categories — entitled Comprehensive Statutes of the Great Yuan, and promulgated throughout the realm. That night the moon transgressed East Saltern. On guiwei day 250,000 ingots of notes and 20,000 shi of grain were granted to relieve the northern frontier armies. The Xuanhui Bureau was ordered to select 400 Mongol youths for household guard service. 3 overall directorates of the Xuanzheng Bureau were abolished: the capital overall directorate was placed under the relevant office, and the qielian and craftsmen overall directorates were placed under the Shaanxi branch secretariat. Kaicheng Route was reduced to a prefecture. On bingxu day earth fell like rain. The capital suffered famine; 20,000 shi of grain were issued for relief sale. The flags of the 5 regalia carriages were made. On dinghai day an edict directed that 2 sets of the gold-written Buddhist canon be made, with Baizhu and others placed in overall charge. On wuwu day Yingshi Buhua was enfeoffed Duke of Zhao State. On xinmao day, because crown prince guest Bodulian was impoverished, 100,000 strings of notes were granted. Prince Yesi Bie dispatched envoys to court. The Chenghai pacification commission and myriarch office were abolished, and a garrison-farm overall directorate was established in their place. Prince Qiebo dispatched envoys presenting grape wine. When sea-transport grain arrived at Zhigu, envoys were dispatched to sacrifice to the sea goddess Tianfei.
13
西西
Third month, on renchen new moon, the Emperor proceeded to Shangdu. Prince Nandashi was granted 2,500,000 strings of notes, and Prince Tuohuan's annual grant was restored. On dingyou day Jiading Prefecture in Pingjiang Route suffered famine; 60,000 shi of grain were issued for relief. On wuxu day the Jurchen households of the Shaopi garrison farm in Anfeng suffered famine; grain was granted for 1 month. On gengzi day Chongming and other prefectures suffered famine; 18,300 shi of rice were issued for relief. On jiachen day Huangyan Prefecture in Taizhou Route suffered famine; grain was granted for 2 months. On dingwei day the Canbolang tribes of the Western Tibetans rebelled; Western Pacification Martial Restraint Prince Tuosiban and others were ordered to dispatch troops to suppress them. On wushen day the Grand Empress Dowager was enshrined in Emperor Shunzong's temple chamber; Acting Grand Master of Ceremonies and central secretariat right chancellor Baizhu was dispatched bearing the jade register and jade seal to confer the honorific title Empress Zhao Xian Yuan Sheng. On xinhai day, because of the disorder of Yuanming and Wang Daoming, Buddhist and Daoist ordination certificates and talismans were forbidden. On bingchen day an edict stated, "Physicians, diviners, and craftsmen officials may not leave office during mourning; at 70 retirement is not permitted; sons and grandsons without hereditary privilege, if able to inherit their craft, shall be appointed according to talent. Supervising censors Baizhu and Jiaohua, for improperly recommending Basijisi, were both dismissed. Relay-households of Prince Huoluhui's division army suffered famine; relief was granted.
14
使 使使 使
Summer, fourth month, on renxu new moon, an edict directed all offices throughout the realm to have monks recite 100,000 sutra sections. On bingyin day relay-households of the Mongol army at Chaghan Na'ur suffered famine; relief was granted. On dingmao day chaste widow Wang of Neihuang County was commended. On jisi day the Jinshui River was dredged. On jiaxu day Zhang Gui and right secretariat section director Wang Shixi were ordered to encourage study at the Directorate of the National University. An edict directed chief merit commissioner Kuo'erlu to come to the capital. 31 prisoners guilty of capital offenses were released, and 69 guilty of beatings of 57 strokes or more. 100,000 caged birds were released, and the relevant offices were ordered to compensate their value. On jimao day an edict proclaimed the corvée-assistance law: envoys were dispatched to examine tax registers for high and low assessments; fields of set acreage were assigned to corvée-duty persons to manage in rotation, collecting yearly income to defray corvée expenses — the government was not to participate. Northern frontier armies suffered famine; relief was granted. The Mongol great qianhu division, whose livestock had perished in wind and snow these past years, was granted 2,000,000 strings of notes in relief. An edict directed the 4 temples Wan'an, Qing Shou, Sheng'an, and Puqing in the capital, Jinshan Temple on the Yangzi River, and Wansheng Youguo Temple on Wutai to perform 7 days and nights of water-and-land Buddhist rites. On dinghai day the widow Piaomo of the late Luoluosi pacification commissioner Shugu, acting in charge of the office, dispatched her son Suozhubang to present tribute goods. On wuzi day the people of Nanfeng Prefecture and the Mongol army of Gongchang suffered famine; relief was granted.
15
綿 使 殿 西使 禿 使 使
Fifth month, on xinmao day a salt monopoly tax official was established at Baiyan City in Dali Route, rank 7a; a salt monopoly tax official in Zhongqing Route, rank 7b. Anqing Qianshan County and Yunnan Ningyuan Prefecture were established. On wuxu day Venus crossed the sky. On gengzi day great wind, rain, and hail uprooted 2,700 large trees inside and outside the Willow Grove traveling palace. On xinchou day Tieshi was entrusted alone with censor-in-chief affairs. On renyin day Yunnan branch secretariat grand councillor Huxin, for corruption, was beaten and dismissed. An edict opened the path for memorializing inside and outside the court. Yishan County was established in Qingyuan Route, and 1 patrol inspector was added. Anzhai County was relocated to Long'an Post. On guimao day the moon transgressed Room. On yisi day, because grain was costly in Lingbei, wine-brewing was forbidden. On wushen day supervising censors Gai Jiyuan and Song Yi said, "Tiemudie'er is devious, greedy, and corrupt; we request that the stele erected for him be destroyed. It was approved; official ranks and seals of investiture and posthumous conferral were still revoked. The Emperor visited the Great Peace Pavilion, saw that the surviving garments of Taizu and Shizu were all of plain silk and cotton, heavily patched and mended, sighed long, and said to attending ministers, "Our founding ancestors' creation of the enterprise was arduous, and their dress and use were this frugal — how dare I forget it for a moment! Venus transgressed Net. On guichou day Jinghu pacification commissioner Tuolie accepted bribes; when the matter came to light he was summoned to the capital; censorate officials requested he be sent back for trial locally — this was not approved. On yimao day merit-heirs Sa'ermman, Anhui Temür, and Yesun Temür were each granted 15,000 strings of notes. 10 million strings of notes were used to purchase sheep and horses for Lingbei frontier garrison soldiers — 2 gelded horses, 2 brood mares, and 15 sheep per man. Relay-households were forbidden to pawn or sell government land without authorization. On bingchen day Dong'an Prefecture was flooded, ruining 1,560 qing of commoners' fields. On wuwu day southern Wuyi County in Zhending Route was harmed by floodwaters to the crops. The main hall of the traveling palace at Fengyuan was destroyed by fire. The storehouse of the Shangdu Directorate of Utilization caught fire; the Emperor ordered guards to extinguish it. He then said to the assembled ministers, "Emperor Shizu first built these palace halls, and down to today we dwell in peace within them. Having succeeded to the great inheritance, yet meeting with this destruction — this is because I have been unable to plan good governance. Imperial Bodyguard soldiers garrisoning the frontier — 1 soldier with accumulated merit requested reward with an official post; the Emperor said, "Are titles and ranks objects with which to reward people? An order granted him 3,000 strings of notes. Weixian in Daming Route had prolonged rain; Yansmen garrison farm in Datong Route suffered drought damage to wheat; various guard garrison farms and Yongqing County had flooding; Guixin County in Baoding Route had locusts. Sixth month, bandits besieged Ningdu; commoner Sun Zhengchen of the prefecture supplied grain to the army — his gate was commended. On dingmao day the Canbolang bandits of the Western Tibetans were not yet pacified; Xuanzheng commissioner Choulu was dispatched to oversee the army. On wuchen day the steles of Tiemudie'er's father and grandfather were destroyed, the original seals of investiture were recovered, and proclamation was made to inner and outer. Wet nurse Hututai was posthumously enfeoffed Lady of Dingxiang Commandery; her husband Alai was posthumously enfeoffed Prince of Dingxiang with the posthumous title Zhong Min. On renshen day Construction Bureau commissioner Hasar Buqa, for deceiving the throne and seeking profit, was beaten and banished to the eastern frontier; his household was confiscated. The capital garrison office, because of rain, requested capital repairs; an order stated, "This year large earthworks should not be undertaken; merely make basic repairs. On guiyou day side chambers of the Imperial Ancestral Temple were established. Yanchi Jitai's Tai Chi was posthumously enfeoffed Prince of Xiang'an. Prince Biesi Temür commanded troops in the northern region and was separately granted an annual stipend. The Grand Ceremonies Bureau requested compilation of rites of successive reigns — this was approved. On guiwei day Saturn transgressed Net. On yiyou day Yi, An, Cang, Mo, Ba, and Qi prefectures and various guard garrison farms were flooded, ruining more than 6,000 qing of fields. Prince Qiebo had repeatedly raided the frontier; now he dispatched envoys to submit; the Emperor said, "I do not desire their land and people — only that our people not suffer frontier calamity and soldiers be spared labor and corvée — that is happiness enough. Now that they have come to submit, generous gifts should be bestowed to settle them."
16
使 禿 宿 禿
Autumn, seventh month, on xinmao new moon, Xuanzheng commissioner Qinchatai personally transmitted an edict and assumed affairs; the Central Secretariat held this improper by regulation and requested a general prohibition — approved. On renchen day the king of Champa sent his younger brother Baoyou Balazhe to present a memorial and offer tribute goods. The postal-households of Zhending Circuit suffered famine; 2,400 shi of grain was granted in relief. On guimao day the Imperial Ancestral Temple was completed. Bandan was flogged and dismissed from office on charges of corruption. 468,000 ingots of notes were granted to impoverished peasants of Latu garrison-farm to buy oxen and farm implements. On jiachen day Prince Temür returned from Yunnan; after 8 days on palace guard duty he was granted 25,000 ingots of notes. On yisi day amnesties and summons were issued to Huang Shengxu and Cen Shixing of the Left and Right Two Rivers. On jiyou day Prince Qutu Temür was enfeoffed as Prince Weiyuan and granted a gold seal. The annual grain transport by sea route was reduced by 200,000 shi, and the additional levies on Jiang-Huai grain were also remitted. On jiayin day 650 horses were purchased for the imperial carriage train. On bingchen day Prince Yongning Buyan Temür acted unlawfully; the Imperial Clan Court and palace attendants were ordered jointly to try his tutor. Temüder's household property was registered and confiscated. Prince Cheche Tu came to court requesting a seal; the Emperor, holding that his achievements were not yet distinguished, did not approve, but granted 250,000 ingots of notes. The Censorate requested an edict opening the avenue of remonstrance; the Emperor said, "The avenue of remonstrance has never been closed — only you have not selected the right men." On Huozhou, rain flooded and damaged garrison-farm crops. Dependent counties of Zhending Prefecture's various circuits had locusts; dependent counties of the 3 circuits of Jining, Xinghe, and Datong had frost fall. The Eastern Route Mongol wanhu office suffered famine; 2 months' grain was granted in relief.
17
殿 祿 鹿殿
Emperor Yingzong was resolute and clear-sighted. Once when an earthquake occurred, he reduced his meals, withdrew music, and avoided the main hall; a close minister raised a cup to congratulate him, whereupon he asked, "What is there to congratulate? I am still occupied with cultivating virtue — you are a great minister, yet instead of assisting me you flatter me?" He had him dismissed and expelled. Baizhu stepped forward and said, "The earthquake is due to our ministers' dereliction of duty; worthy men should be sought to replace us." He said, "Do not over-disclaim — this is my fault." Once he admonished the multitude of ministers, saying, "You hold high office and receive generous stipends — you should strive with all your strength to repay the state. If any among you are in want, I do not begrudge bestowing gifts upon you; but if you act unlawfully, punishment shall certainly be without pardon." When Basijisi was imprisoned, he said to those at hand, "Law is what the ancestors established — it is not mine to apply privately. Though Basijisi has long served me, now that he is guilty he should be judged according to law." Once, holding court at Deer-top Hall, he said to Baizhu, "I succeeded to the great enterprise in my youth and inexperience — brocade robes and jade fare, what could I not obtain? Only my ancestors, enduring wind and rain, subdued the myriad regions — did they ever have such pleasures? You are descended from founding ministers — you should embody my deepest intent and not disgrace your forebears." Baizhu kowtowed and replied, "Founding an enterprise is arduous; preserving it is not easy — that Your Majesty's wise thought reaches thus far is the fortune of the hundred millions." He again said to the great ministers, "The Central Secretariat selects a man to assume office, and before 10 days have passed the Censorate replaces him. When the Censorate appoints someone, the Central Secretariat does the same in turn. Now beneath the mountains and forests there are many reclusive talents — can you not earnestly seek them out, but only mutually recommend relatives and old friends?" Such was his clarity and decisiveness. Yet because he was resolute in inflicting punishment, the villain faction feared execution and thus engineered the great mutiny — so it is said.
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