1
明宗翼獻景孝皇帝,諱和實拉,武宗長子也。 母曰仁獻章聖皇后,亦乞烈氏。 成宗大德三年,命武宗撫軍北邊,帝以四年十一月壬子生。 成宗崩,十一年,武宗入繼大統,立仁宗為皇太子,命以次傳於帝。 武宗崩,仁宗立,延祐三年春,議建東宮,時丞相鐵木叠而欲固位取寵,乃議立英宗為皇太子,又與太后幸臣識烈門譖帝於兩宮,浸潤久之,其計遂行。 於是封帝為周王,出鎮雲南。 置常侍府官屬,以遙授中書左丞相禿忽魯、大司徒斡耳朵、中政使尚家奴、山北遼陽等路蒙古軍萬戶孛羅、翰林侍講學士教化等並為常侍,中衛親軍都指揮使唐兀、兵部尚書賽罕八都魯為中尉,仍置諮議、記室各二員,遣就鎮。 是年冬十一月,帝次延安,禿忽魯、尚家奴、孛羅及武宗舊臣釐日、沙不丁、哈八兒禿等皆來會。 教化謀曰:「天下者,我武皇之天下也,出鎮之事,本非上意,由左右構間致然。 請以其故白行省,俾聞之朝廷,庶可杜塞離間,不然,事變叵測。」 遂與數騎馳去。 先是,阿思罕為太師,鐵木叠兒奪其位,出之為陜西行省丞相,及教化等至,即與平章政事塔察兒、行臺御史大夫脫裏伯、中丞脫歡,悉發關中兵,分道自潼關、河中府入。 已而塔察兒、脫歡襲殺阿思罕、教化於河中,帝遂西行,至北邊金山。 西北諸王察阿臺等聞帝至,咸率眾來附。 帝至其部,與定約束,每歲冬居紥顏,夏居斡羅斡察山,春則命從者耕於野泥,十餘年間,邊境寧謐。
Emperor Mingzong, posthumous name Yixian Jingxiao, taboo name Arig Temür, was Wuzong's eldest son. His mother was Empress Renxian Zhangsheng of the Yiqilie clan. In the third year of Dade under Chengzong, Wuzong was ordered to command troops on the northern frontier; he was born on renzi day in the eleventh month of the fourth year. Chengzong died; in the eleventh year, Wuzong entered to succeed to the Great Foundation, installed Renzong as crown prince, and ordered that succession pass to him in order. Wuzong died; Renzong ascended the throne; spring of the third year of YanYou, when the Eastern Palace was under deliberation, Chancellor Tiemudie'er, wishing to secure his position and win favor, proposed installing Shidebala as crown prince; together with the empress dowager's favorite minister Shiliemen he slandered him before the two palaces; after long insinuation, the scheme succeeded. Thereupon he was enfeoffed Prince of Zhou and sent out to garrison Yunnan. Attendants' Office officials were appointed; Tughluq, remotely invested as central secretariat left grand councillor, Orda the grand minister of husbandry, Central Domestic Affairs Court commissioner Shangjianu, commander of ten-thousands of Mongol troops of Shanbei Liaoyang and other routes Boluo, Hanlin expositor academician Jiaohua, and others were all made attendants; Central Guard elite army commander Tangut and Ministry of War minister Saqan Baduqu were made chamberlains; 2 deliberators and 2 recorders were still appointed, and they were dispatched to take up the garrison. That year, eleventh month of winter, he halted at Yan'an; Tughluq, Shangjianu, Boluo, and Wuzong's old ministers Chiri, Shabuding, Qabarqu, and others all came to meet. Jiaohua plotted, saying, "The realm is our Martial Emperor's realm; the matter of being sent out to garrison was originally not the Supreme One's intent — it came about because those at the ruler's side sowed discord. Please report the reason to the branch secretariat, so that it may be brought to the court's attention — then perhaps the sowing of discord can be blocked; otherwise, unforeseen changes may arise." Thereupon with several horsemen he galloped away. Earlier, Ashan had been grand preceptor; Tiemudie'er seized his post and sent him out as Shaanxi branch secretariat grand councillor; when Jiaohua and the others arrived, he immediately joined branch secretariat grand councillor Taqachar, branch surveillance censor-in-chief Tulibai, and surveillance vice censor Tughon in fully mobilizing the Guanzhong armies, advancing in separate columns through Tong Pass and Hezhong Prefecture. Before long Taqachar and Tughon launched a surprise attack and killed Ashan and Jiaohua at Hezhong; he then went west and reached the Golden Mountain on the northern frontier. Northwestern princes including Cha'atai, hearing he had arrived, all led their followings to submit. When he reached their territory, he fixed regulations with them: each year they wintered at Jaya'an, summered at Olokoch'a Mountain, and in spring ordered their followers to farm at Yeni; for more than 10 years the frontier was tranquil.
2
延祐七年,仁宗崩,英宗嗣立。 是歲夏四月丙寅,子妥歡帖木爾生,是為至正帝。 至治三年八月癸亥,御史大夫鐵失等弒英宗,晉王也孫鐵木兒自立為皇帝,改元泰定。 五月,遣使扈從皇后八不沙至自京師。 二年,帝弟圖帖睦爾以懷王出居於建康。 三年三月癸酉,子懿璘質班生,是為寧宗。
Seventh year of YanYou, Renzong died; Shidebala succeeded to the throne. That year, summer, fourth month, on bingyin day, his son Toghan Temür was born — he who would become Emperor Zhizheng. Third year of Zhizhi, eighth month, on guihai day, Censor-in-Chief Tieshi and others assassinated Shidebala; Prince of Jin Yesun Temür installed himself as emperor and changed the reign title to Taiding. Fifth month, envoys were dispatched to escort Empress Babusha back from the capital. Second year, his younger brother Tugh Temür went out to reside at Jiankang as Prince of Huai. Third year, third month, on guiyou day, his son Yilianzhen Shiraban was born — he who would become Emperor Ningzong.
3
歲戊辰七月庚午,泰定皇帝崩於上都,倒剌沙專權自用,逾月不立君,朝野疑懼。 時僉樞密院事燕鐵木兒留守京師,遂謀舉義。 八月甲午黎明,召百官集興聖宮,兵皆露刃,號於眾曰:「武皇有聖子二人,孝友仁文,天下歸心,大統所在,當迎立之,不從者死!」 乃縛平章烏伯都剌、伯顏察兒,以中書左丞朵朵、參知政事王士熙等下於獄。 燕鐵木兒與西安王阿剌忒納失裏固守內廷。 於是帝方遠在沙漠,猝未能至,慮生他變,乃迎帝弟懷王於江陵,且宣言已遣使北迎帝,以安眾心。 復矯稱帝所遣使者自北方來,雲周王從諸王兵整駕南轅,旦夕即至矣。 丁巳,懷王入京師,群臣請正大統,固讓曰:「大兄在北,以長以德,當有天下。 必不得已,當明以朕志播告中外。」 九月壬申,懷王即位,是為文宗,改元天歷,詔天下曰:「謹俟大兄之至,以遂朕固讓之心。」 時倒剌沙在上都,立泰定皇帝子為皇帝,乃遣兵分道犯大都,而梁王王禪、右丞相答失鐵木兒、御史大夫紐澤、太尉不花等兵皆次於榆林,燕帖木兒與其弟撒敦、子唐其勢等,帥師與戰,屢敗之。 上都兵皆潰。 十月辛丑,齊王月魯帖木兒、元帥不花帖木兒以兵圍上都,倒剌沙乃奉皇帝寶出降,兩京道路始通。 於是文宗遣哈散及撒迪等相繼來迎,朔漠諸王皆勸帝南還京師,遂發北邊。 諸王察阿臺、沿邊元帥朵烈捏、萬戶買驢等,咸帥師扈行,舊臣孛羅、尚家奴、哈八兒禿皆從。 至金山,嶺北行省平章政事潑皮奉迎,武寧王徹徹禿、僉樞密院事帖木兒不花繼至。 乃命孛羅如京師,兩京之民聞帝使者至,歡呼鼓舞曰:「吾天子實自北來矣!」 諸王、舊臣爭先迎謁,所至成聚。
Year wuchen, seventh month, on gengwu day, Emperor Taiding died at Shangdu; Doresh monopolized power and acted on his own authority; for more than a month no ruler was installed, and court and countryside were anxious and fearful. At that time associate privy council administrator Yan Temür remained to guard the capital and thereupon plotted to raise righteous action. Eighth month, on jiawu day at dawn, he summoned the hundred officials to assemble at Xingsheng Palace; the troops all bared their blades and proclaimed to the multitude, "The Martial Emperor had two sage sons — filial, brotherly, benevolent, and literary; all under Heaven turn their hearts to them; the Great Foundation lies with them — we must welcome and install them; whoever does not obey shall die!" Thereupon he bound grand councillors Ubaidullah and Barqachar, and central secretariat left vice chancellor Duodu, associate administrator Wang Shixi, and others were thrown into prison. Yan Temür and Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri firmly held the inner court. At that time he was still far away in the desert and could not arrive suddenly; fearing other changes might arise, Yan Temür welcomed his younger brother the Prince of Huai at Jiangling and also proclaimed that envoys had already been dispatched north to welcome him, to reassure the multitude. He further falsely claimed that envoys dispatched by him had come from the north, saying the Prince of Zhou was marshaling the princes' troops and turning the chariot south — he would arrive within the day. On dingsi day the Prince of Huai entered the capital; the hundred officials requested that the Great Foundation be rectified; he firmly declined, saying, "My elder brother is in the north; by seniority and by virtue he should possess all under Heaven. If it cannot be avoided, my intent must be made clear and proclaimed within and without." Ninth month, on renshen day, the Prince of Huai ascended the throne — this is Wenzong; the reign title was changed to Tianli, and an edict to the realm said, "We respectfully await our elder brother's arrival, to fulfill our firm intent to yield." At that time Doresh was at Shangdu; he installed Emperor Taiding's son as emperor and dispatched troops in separate columns to attack Dadu; meanwhile Prince of Liang Wang Chan, right chancellor Dash Temür, censor-in-chief Niudze, and grand marshal Buqa all encamped their armies at Yulin; Yan Temür with his younger brother Sadun, his son Tangqishi, and others commanded troops to give battle and repeatedly defeated them. The Shangdu troops all fled in rout. Tenth month, on xinchou day, Prince of Qi Yolqi Temür and marshal Buqa Temür led troops to besiege Shangdu; Doresh thereupon presented the imperial seal and surrendered; the roads between the two capitals were opened at last. Thereupon Wenzong dispatched Hasan and Sadi and others in succession to welcome him; the princes of the northern desert all urged him to return south to the capital, and he thereupon set out from the northern frontier. Princes Cha'atai, frontier marshal Duolienie, commander of ten-thousands Mailü, and others all commanded troops to escort the journey; old ministers Boluo, Shangjianu, and Qabarqu all followed. Reaching the Golden Mountain, Lingbei branch secretariat grand councillor Pobi came to welcome him; Prince Wuning Chechequ and associate privy council administrator Temür Buqa arrived in succession. He thereupon ordered Boluo to proceed to the capital; the people of the two capitals, hearing his envoys had arrived, shouted and danced for joy, saying, "Our Son of Heaven has truly come from the north!" Princes and old ministers vied to be first in welcoming and paying court; wherever he passed, crowds gathered.
4
摛澡堂四庫全書薈要 (明) 宋濂元史·卷三十一.p151[1]
Chihitang 《Collected Essentials of the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries》 (Ming) Song Lian, 《History of Yuan》, Volume 31, p.151, note 1
5
天歷二年正月乙丑,文宗復遣中書左丞躍裏帖木兒來迎。 乙酉,撒迪等至,入見帝於行幄,以文宗命勸進。 丙戌,帝即位於和寧之北,扈行諸王、大臣咸入賀,乃命撒迪遣人還報京師。 是月,前翰林學士承旨不答失裏以太府太監沙剌班輦金銀幣帛至。 遣撒迪等還京師,帝命之曰:「朕弟曩嘗覽觀書史,邇者得無廢乎? 聽政之暇,宜親賢士大夫,講論史籍,以知古今治亂得失。 卿等至京師,當以朕意諭之。」
First year of Tianli, first month, on yichou day, Wenzong again dispatched central secretariat left vice chancellor Yolqi Temür to welcome him. On yiyou day Sadi and the others arrived and entered to see him at the traveling encampment, urging accession by Wenzong's command. On bingxu day the Emperor ascended the throne north of Helin; the escorting princes and great ministers all entered to congratulate; he thereupon ordered Sadi to dispatch men back to report to the capital. That month, former Hanlin academician exemplar Budashili arrived with Palace Domestic Service director Sharaban, conveying gold, silver, coins, and silks. He dispatched Sadi and the others back to the capital; the Emperor charged them, saying, "My younger brother once perused books and histories — has he lately neglected them? In the leisure of hearing government, he should draw near worthy scholar-officials and discuss historical records, to know the gains and losses of governance through the ages. When you reach the capital, you should convey my intent to him."
6
二月壬辰,宣靖王買奴自京師來覲。 辛丑,追尊皇妣亦乞烈氏曰仁獻章聖皇后。 是月,文宗立奎章閣學士院於京師,遣人以除目來奏,帝並從之。
Second month, on renchen day, Prince Xuanjing Mainu came from the capital to pay court. On xinchou day the late empress of the Yiqilie clan was posthumously honored as Empress Renxian Zhangsheng. That month, Wenzong established the Kui Zhang Pavilion Academy at the capital and dispatched men to memorialize appointment orders; the Emperor approved them all.
7
三月戊午朔,次潔堅察罕之地。 辛酉,文宗遣右丞相燕鐵木兒奉皇帝寶來上,御史中丞八即剌、知樞密院事禿兒哈帖木兒等,各率其屬以從。 壬戌,造乘輿服御及近侍諸服用。 丙寅,帝謂中書左丞躍裏帖木兒曰:「朕至上都,宗藩諸王必皆來會,非尋常朝會比也,諸王察阿臺今亦從朕遠來,有司供張,皆宜豫備。 卿其與中書臣僚議之。」 丁亥,雨土,霾。 四月癸巳,燕鐵木兒見帝於行在,率百官上皇帝寶,帝嘉其勛,拜太師,仍命為中書右丞相,開府儀同三司、上柱國、錄軍國重事、監修國史、答剌罕、太平王並如故。 復諭燕鐵木兒等曰:「凡京師百官,朕弟所用者,並仍其舊,卿等其以朕意諭之。」 燕鐵木兒奏:「陛下君臨萬方,國家大事所系者,中書省、樞密院、御史臺而已,宜擇人居之。」 帝然其言,以武宗舊人哈八兒禿為中書平章政事,前中書平章政事伯帖木兒知樞密院事,常侍孛羅為御史大夫。 甲午,立行樞密院,命昭武王、知樞密院事火沙領行樞密院事,賽帖木兒、買奴並同知行樞密院事。 是日,帝宴諸王、大臣於行殿,燕鐵木兒、哈八兒禿、伯帖木兒、孛羅等侍。 帝特命臺臣曰:「太祖皇帝嘗訓敕臣下云:『美色、名馬,人皆悅之,然方寸一有系累,即能壞名敗德。』 卿等居風紀之司,亦嘗念及此乎? 世祖初立御史臺,首命塔察兒、奔帖傑兒二人協司其政。 天下國家,譬猶一人之身,中書則右手也,樞密則左手也。 左右手有病,治之以良醫,省、院闕失,不以御史臺治之可乎? 凡諸王、百司,違法越禮,一聽舉劾。 風紀重則貪墨懼,猶斧斤重則入木深,其勢然也。 朕有闕失,卿亦以聞,朕不爾責也。」 乙未,特命孛羅等傳旨,宣諭燕鐵木兒、伯答沙、火沙、哈八兒禿、八即剌等曰:「世祖皇帝立中書省、樞密院、御史臺及百司庶府,共治天下,大小職掌,已有定制。 世祖命廷臣集律令章程,以為萬世法。 成宗以來,列聖相承,罔不恪遵成憲。 朕今居太祖、世祖所居之位,凡省、院、臺、百司庶政,詢謀僉同,摽譯所奏,以告於朕。 軍務機密,樞密院當即以聞,毋以夙夜為間而稽留之。 其他事務,果有所言,必先中書、院、臺,其下百司及纮禦之臣,毋得隔越陳請。 宜宣諭諸司,咸俾聞知。 儻違朕意,必罰無赦。」 丁酉,以陜西行臺御史大夫鐵木兒脫為上都留守。 辛丑,文宗立都督府於京師,遣使來奏,又以臺憲官除目來上,並從之。 癸卯,遣使如京師,卜日命中書左丞相鐵木兒補化攝告即位於郊廟、社稷。 遣武寧王徹徹禿及哈八兒禿立文宗為皇太子,仍立詹事院,罷儲慶司,以徹裏鐵木兒為中書平章政事,闊兒吉司為中書右丞,怯來、只兒哈郎並為甘肅行省平章政事,忽剌臺為江浙行省平章政事,那海為嶺北行省平章政事。 甲辰,敕中書省賜官吏送寶者秩一等,從者賚以幣帛。 乙巳,監察御史言:「嶺北行省,控制一方,廣輪萬里,實為太祖肇基之地,國家根本系焉。 方面之寄,豈可輕任。 平章塔即吉素非勛舊,奴事倒剌沙,倔起宿衛,輒為右丞,俄升平章,年已七十,毛昏殊甚。 左丞馬謀,本晉邸部民,以女妻倒剌沙,引為都水,遂除左丞。 郎中羅裏,市井小人,禿魯忽乃晉邸衛卒,不諳政務。 並宜黜退。」 臺臣以聞,帝曰:「御史言甚善,其並黜之。」 又諭臺臣曰:「御史劾嶺北省臣,朕甚嘉之。 繼今所當言者,毋有所憚。 被劾之人,茍營求申訴,朕必罪之。 或廉非其實,毋輒以聞。」 五月丁巳朔,次朵裏伯真之地。 戊午,遣西安王阿剌忒納失裏還京師,封帖木兒為保德郡王。 賜扈駕宿衛士等幣帛有差。 己未,皇太子遣翰林學士承旨阿鄰帖木兒來覲。 庚申,次斡耳罕木東。 辛酉,御史大夫孛羅、中政使尚家奴,並特授開府儀同三司,以典四番宿衛。 癸亥,次必忒怯禿之地,翰林學士承旨斡耳朵自京師來覲。 命有司新武宗幄殿、車輿。 庚午,命燕鐵木兒升用嶺北行省官吏,其餘官吏並賜散官一級。 選用潛邸舊臣及扈從士,受制命者八十有五人,六品以下二十有六人。 壬申,次探禿兒海之地。 封亦憐真八為柳城郡王,以八即剌為陜西行臺御史大夫,眾家奴為御史中丞。 乙亥,次禿忽剌。 敕大都省臣鑄皇太子寶。 時求太子故寶不知所在,近侍伯不花言寶藏於上都行幄,遣人至上都索之,無所得,乃命更鑄之。 西木鄰等四十三驛旱災,命中書以糧賑之,計八千二百石。 丁丑,皇太子發京師。 鎮南王帖木兒不花,諸王也速、斡即、答來不花、朵來只班、伯顏也不幹,駙馬別阇裏及扈衛百官,悉從行。 戊寅,京師市馬二百八十匹,載乘輿服御送行在所。 己卯,次禿忽剌河東。 加翰林學士承旨唐兀為太尉。 趙王馬劄罕部落旱,民五萬五千四百口不能自存,敕河東宣慰司賑糧兩月。 庚辰,賜諸王燕只哥臺鈔二百錠、幣帛二千匹。 辛巳,次斡羅斡禿之地。 壬午,次不魯通之地。 是日,左丞相鐵木兒補化等以帝即位,攝告南郊。 甲申,次忽剌火失溫之地。 六月丁亥朔,次坤都也不剌之地。 是日,鐵木兒補化等以帝即位,攝告於宗廟、社稷。 戊子,燕鐵木兒等奏:「中政院越中書擅奏除授,移文來征制敕,已如所請授之,然於大體非宜,乞申命禁止,庶使政權歸一。」 從之。 庚寅,次撒裏之地。 陜西行省告饑,遣使還都,與諸老臣議賑救之。 丁酉,次兀納八之地。 升都督府為大都督府。 己亥,次闊朵之地。 樞密院奏:「皇太子遣使來言,近已頒敕,四川諸省兵悉遣還營,惟雲南逆謀叵測,兵未可即罷,令臣等以聞。」 帝曰:「可仍屯戍,俟平定而後罷。」 辛丑,次撒裏怯兒之地。 壬寅,戒近侍毋得輒有奏請。 甲辰,賜駙馬脫必兒鈔千錠,往雲南。 丁未,次哈裏溫。 戊申,次闊朵傑阿剌倫。 辛亥,次哈兒哈納禿之地。 詔諭中書省臣:「凡國家錢谷、銓選諸大政事,先啟皇太子,然後以聞。」 癸丑,次忽禿之地。 甲寅,賑陜西臨潼、華陰二十三驛鈔一千八百錠,晉寧路十五驛鈔八百錠。 是月,鐵木兒補化以久旱啟於皇太子,辭相位,乞更選賢德,委以燮理,皇太子遣使以聞。 帝諭闊兒吉思等曰:「修德應天,乃君臣當為之事,鐵木兒補化所言良是。 天明可畏,朕未嘗斯須忘於懷也。 皇太子來會,當與共圖其可以澤民利物者行之。 卿等其以朕意諭群臣。」 七月丙辰朔,日有食之。 甲子,次孛羅火你之地。 壬申,監察御史把的於思言:「朝廷自去秋命將出師,戡定禍亂,其供給軍需,賞賚將士,所費不可勝紀。 若以歲入經賦較之,則其所出已過數倍。 況今諸王朝會,舊制一切供億,俱尚未給,而陜西等處饑饉薦臻,餓殍枕籍,加以冬春之交,雪雨愆期,麥苗槁死,秋田未種,民庶遑遑,流移者眾。 臣伏思之,此正國家節用之時也。 如果有功必當賞賚者,宜視其官之崇卑而輕重之,不惟省費,亦可示勸。 其近侍諸臣奏請恩賜,宜悉停罷,以紓民力。」 臺臣以聞,帝嘉納之,仍敕中書省以其所言示百司。 乙亥,次不羅察罕之地。 丙子,文宗受皇太子寶。 戊寅,次小只之地。 壬午,遣使詣京師,敕中書平章政事哈八兒禿同翰林國史院官致祭太祖、太宗、睿宗三朝御容。 發諸衛軍六千完京城。 八月乙酉朔,次王忽察都之地。 丙戌,皇太子入見。 是日,宴皇太子及諸王、大臣於行殿。 庚寅,帝暴崩,年三十,葬起輦谷,從諸陵。 是月己亥,皇太子復即皇帝位。 十二月乙巳,知樞密院事臣也不倫等議請上尊謚曰翼獻景孝皇帝,廟號明宗。 三年三月壬申,祔於太廟。
Third month, on wuwu new moon, he halted at Jegianchaghan. On xinyou day Wenzong dispatched right chancellor Yan Temür to present the imperial seal; surveillance vice censor Ba'irq, privy council administrator Tughqa Temür, and others each led their subordinates to follow. On renxu day imperial chariots, robes, and the apparel of close attendants were made. On bingyin day the Emperor said to central secretariat left vice chancellor Yolqi Temür, "When I reach Shangdu, the princes of the imperial domains will surely all come to assemble — this is not comparable to an ordinary court audience; Prince Cha'atai now also follows me from afar; the relevant offices' provisions for guests must all be prepared in advance. You should deliberate on this with the secretariat ministers." On dinghai day earth rained; there was haze. Fourth month, on guisi day Yan Temür saw the Emperor at the traveling palace and led the hundred officials in presenting the imperial seal; the Emperor praised his merit and made him grand preceptor, still appointing him central secretariat right chancellor, commissioner with the same trappings as the Three Excellencies of an opened princely household, pillar of state of the upper grade, recorder of state military affairs, supervisor of the state history, darughachi, and Prince of Taiping — all as before. He again instructed Yan Temür and the others, saying, "Of the hundred officials at the capital whom my younger brother employs, all shall remain as before; you should convey my intent to them." Yan Temür memorialized, "Your Majesty rules the myriad regions; what the state's great affairs depend upon is only the Central Secretariat, the Privy Council, and the Censorate — suitable men should be chosen to fill them." The Emperor approved his words and made Wuzong's old follower Qabarqu central secretariat grand councillor, former central secretariat grand councillor Bo Temür privy council administrator, and attendant Boluo censor-in-chief. On jiawu day a traveling privy council was established; Prince Zhaowu and privy council administrator Huosha was put in charge of traveling privy council affairs; Sa Temür, Mainu, and others were made associate traveling privy council administrators. That day the Emperor feasted the princes and great ministers in the traveling hall; Yan Temür, Qabarqu, Bo Temür, Boluo, and others attended. The Emperor specially charged the censorate officials, saying, "Taizu once admonished his ministers, saying, 'Beautiful women and famous horses — all men delight in them; yet if the heart's inch is once entangled, it can ruin name and virtue. You who hold the office of wind and discipline — have you also ever borne this in mind? When Shizu first established the Censorate, he first appointed Taqachar and Bentejir to jointly administer its affairs. All under Heaven and the state are like a single person's body — the Secretariat is the right hand, the Privy Council the left hand. When the left and right hands are ill, one treats them with a good physician — when the Secretariat and Privy Council have faults and omissions, can one fail to treat them through the Censorate? For all princes and the hundred offices, whoever violates law or oversteps ritual — all alike are to be impeached. When wind and discipline are weighty, the greedy and corrupt will fear — as when the axe is heavy, it enters the wood deeply; such is the force of it. If I have faults and omissions, you too should report them — I shall not blame you for it." On yimao day Boluo and others were specially charged to transmit the intent and proclaim to Yan Temür, Badashah, Huosha, Qabarqu, Ba'irq, and others, saying, "Shizu established the Central Secretariat, the Privy Council, the Censorate, and the hundred offices and various bureaus to jointly govern all under Heaven; great and small duties already have fixed regulations. Shizu ordered court ministers to compile statutes and regulations as law for ten thousand generations. From Chengzong onward, successive sage emperors have none failed to reverently observe the established constitution. I now occupy the seat where Taizu and Shizu dwelt; for all Secretariat, Privy Council, Censorate, and hundred-office affairs, after consultation and unanimous deliberation, translate what is memorialized and report it to me. Military affairs of secrecy — the Privy Council should report them immediately; do not delay on account of early or late hour. For other affairs, if there is truly something to say, one must first go through the Secretariat, Privy Council, and Censorate; subordinate hundred offices and ministers of the broad defense must not overstep ranks in submitting requests. This should be proclaimed to the various offices, so that all may hear and know. If anyone violates my intent, punishment shall be without pardon." On dingyou day Shaanxi branch surveillance censor-in-chief Temür Toq was made Shangdu garrison commissioner. On xinchou day Wenzong established a commandery-general's office at the capital and dispatched envoys to memorialize; censorate and surveillance appointment orders were also submitted — all were approved. On guimao day envoys were dispatched to the capital to select a day; left chancellor Temür Buqa was ordered to perform the proxy announcement of accession at the suburban altars and the altars of soil and grain. Prince Wuning Chechequ and Qabarqu were dispatched to install Wenzong as crown prince; the Crown Prince's Household was still established and the Office of Stored Blessings abolished; Cheli Temür was made central secretariat grand councillor, Kokejis central secretariat right vice chancellor, Qelai and Jirhalang were both made Gansu branch secretariat grand councillors, Hulatai was made Jiang-Zhe branch secretariat grand councillor, and Nohai was made Lingbei branch secretariat grand councillor. On jiachen day the Central Secretariat was ordered to grant one rank higher to officials who delivered the seal; followers were rewarded with coins and silks. On yisi day a supervising censor said, "The Lingbei branch secretariat controls one region, its breadth ten thousand li — it is truly the land where Taizu first laid the foundation; the state's root is bound up with it. The trust reposed in a frontier post — how can it be lightly assigned? Grand councillor Taqaji was never a meritorious old follower; he slavishly served Doresh, rose abruptly from night guard duty, and was immediately made right vice chancellor, then soon promoted grand councillor; he is already 70, and his hair and eyes are extremely dim. Left vice chancellor Ma Mou was originally a follower of the Jin residence; he gave his daughter in marriage to Doresh, was introduced as director of waterways, and was then appointed left vice chancellor. Section director Luoli was a marketplace petty man; Tughlughunai was a Jin residence guard soldier — neither understands government affairs. All should be dismissed and demoted." The censorate officials reported this; the Emperor said, "The censor's words are very good — dismiss them all." He again instructed the censorate officials, saying, "The censor impeached the Lingbei provincial ministers — I greatly commend it. Hereafter, whatever ought to be spoken — do not hold back. If the impeached seek by improper means to appeal, I shall punish them. If the impeachment is not true to fact, do not rashly report it." Fifth month, on dingsi new moon, he halted at Doreberjen. On wuwu day Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri was dispatched back to the capital; Temür was enfeoffed Prince of Baode Commandery. Escort night guards and others were granted coins and silks in varying amounts. On jiwei day the crown prince dispatched Hanlin academician exemplar Alin Temür to pay court. On gengshen day the court halted east of Orda-erqen Mu. On xinyou day censor-in-chief Boluo and Central Domestic Affairs Court commissioner Shangjianu were both specially granted commissioner with the Ceremonial Standing Equal to the Three Excellencies, to supervise the four palace guard corps. On guihai day the court halted at Biteqetu; Hanlin academician-director Orda-erqen came from the capital to have audience. Orders were issued to the relevant offices to renew Wuzong's tent palace and imperial carriages. On gengwu day Yan Timur was ordered to promote officials of the Lingbei Branch Secretariat; the remaining officials were all granted one grade of honorary rank. Former officials of the latent residence and attendant officers were selected for appointment; 85 who received commission edicts, and 26 of sixth rank and below. On renshen day the court halted at Tantuo'erhai. Yilin Zhenba was enfeoffed Prince of Liucheng Commandery; Bajila was made Shaanxi branch censorate grand councillor; Zhongjianu was made associate censor-in-chief. On yihai day the court halted at Tuhula. An edict directed the Dadu provincial officials to cast the crown prince's seal. At the time the former crown prince's seal could not be found; attendant Bobuhua said the seal was stored in the Shangdu travel encampment; men were sent to Shangdu to seek it but nothing was obtained, and orders were then issued to cast a new one. Forty-three relay stations including Ximulin suffered drought disaster; the central secretariat was ordered to grant grain in relief, totaling 8,200 shi. On dingchou day the crown prince departed the capital. Prince of Zhennan Tiemur Buqa, princes Yesu, Woji, Dalaibuhua, Duolaizhiban, and Boyeyebogan, imperial son-in-law Biejanli, and attendant guards and the hundred offices all followed on the journey. On wuyin day 280 horses were purchased in the capital and loaded with imperial carriage accoutrements to be sent to the imperial whereabouts. On jimao day the court halted east of the Tuhula River. Hanlin academician-director Tangqutu was promoted to grand preceptor. The tribes of Prince of Zhao Mazahan suffered drought; 55,400 persons could not support themselves; the Hedong pacification commission was ordered to grant 2 months' relief grain. On gengchen day Prince Yanzigetai was granted 200 ingots of notes and 2,000 bolts of silks. On xinsi day the court halted at Oloroqutu. On renwu day the court halted at Bulutong. That day left grand councillor Temur Buqa and others, on account of the Emperor's accession, reported by proxy at the Southern Suburb. On jiashen day the court halted at Hulahuo Shiwen. Sixth month, on dinghai new moon, the court halted at Kundu ye Bulaq. That day Temur Buqa and others, on account of the Emperor's accession, reported by proxy at the Imperial Ancestral Temple and the altars of soil and grain. On wuzi day Yan Timur and others memorialized: "The Central Domestic Affairs Court, overstepping the central secretariat, has on its own authority memorialized appointments and removals, and sent documents demanding commission edicts; appointments have already been made as requested, yet this is not proper in the larger scheme of affairs; we request that orders be issued forbidding this, so that governmental authority may be unified. Approval was granted. On gengyin day the court halted at Sali. The Shaanxi Branch Secretariat reported famine; envoys were sent back to the capital to consult with the senior ministers on relief. On dingyou day the court halted at Wuna'ba. The Commissionerate was promoted to Grand Commissionerate. On jihai day the court halted at Kuoduo. The privy council memorialized: "The crown prince has sent envoys saying that edicts have recently been issued directing that troops of the various Sichuan provinces all be sent back to their camps; only Yunnan's rebellious designs cannot be measured, and the troops cannot immediately be disbanded; your subjects report this for the throne's information." The Emperor said: "They may continue garrison duty; disband them only after pacification is complete." On xinchou day the court halted at Saliqier. On renyin day attendants were admonished not to memorialize on their own authority. On jiachen day imperial son-in-law Tobu'er was granted 1,000 ingots of notes and sent to Yunnan. On dingwei day the court halted at Haliwen. On wushen day the court halted at Kuoduo Jie Alun. On xinhai day the court halted at Harqanatu. An edict instructed the central secretariat officials: "For all major state affairs concerning revenue and grain and appointments and removals, first inform the crown prince, and then report to Us. On guichou day the court halted at Huttu. On jiayin day 1,800 ingots of notes were granted in relief to 23 relay stations of Lintong and Huayin in Shaanxi, and 800 ingots of notes to 15 relay stations of Jinning Route. That month Temur Buqa, on account of prolonged drought, reported to the crown prince, resigned his chancellorship, and requested that another worthy be selected and entrusted with harmonizing governance; the crown prince sent envoys to report this. The Emperor instructed Kuorugusi and others: "Cultivating virtue to respond to Heaven is what ruler and ministers ought to do; what Temur Buqa said is indeed right. Heaven's clarity is to be feared; We have never for an instant forgotten this in Our heart. When the crown prince comes to meet Us, We should together plan what can benefit the people and bring them material good, and put it into practice. You should convey Our meaning to the hundred officials." Seventh month, on bingchen new moon, there was a solar eclipse. On jiazi day the court halted at Boluo Huoni. On renshen day surveillance censor Badi Yusi memorialized: "Since last autumn the court has ordered generals to take the field and suppress calamitous disorder; supplies for the armies, rewards for officers and soldiers, and expenditures cannot be reckoned. If compared with annual revenue from regular taxes, what has been spent already exceeds it several times over. Moreover, the princes' assemblies according to former custom have not yet been fully supplied in any respect; Shaanxi and other places have been repeatedly stricken by famine; the starved lie pillow to pillow; and with the turn from winter to spring, snow and rain have missed their season, wheat seedlings have withered and died, and autumn fields remain unplanted; the people are anxious, and those drifting away in migration are many. Your subject reflects that this is precisely the time for the state to economize. If there are those who must be rewarded for merit, their offices' high or low standing should be weighed in granting lighter or heavier rewards; not only would expenses be saved, encouragement could also be shown. The attendant ministers' memorial requests for gracious grants should all be halted, to ease the people's strength." The censorate reported this; the Emperor praised and accepted it, and still ordered the central secretariat to show what was said to the hundred offices. On yihai day the court halted at Buluo Chahan. On bingzi day Wenzong received the crown prince's seal. On wuyin day the court halted at Xiaozhi. On renwu day envoys were dispatched to the capital, directing central secretariat associate administrator Qabildar together with Hanlin National History Academy officials to perform sacrifice to the imperial portraits of the three reigns of Taizu, Taizong, and Ruizong. 6,000 troops from the various guards were dispatched to complete the capital's defenses. Eighth month, on yiyou new moon, the court halted at Wanghuchadu. On bingxu day the crown prince entered to have audience. That day the crown prince and the princes and great ministers were feasted at the travel palace. On gengyin day the Emperor died suddenly; he was 30 years old and was buried at Qilian Valley, following the imperial tombs. That month, on jihai day, the crown prince again assumed the imperial throne. Twelfth month, on yisi day, privy council administrator Chenye Bulun and others deliberated and requested the posthumous title Emperor Yixian Jingxiao and the temple name Mingzong. Third year, third month, on renshen day, he was enshrined in the Imperial Ancestral Temple.
8
文內注釋
Annotations within the text
9
元史卷三十一:天厯二年正月乙丑,文宗復遣中書左丞伊爾特穆爾來迎。 乙酉,薩題等至,入見帝於行幄,以文宗命勸進。 丙戌,帝即位于和寧之北,扈行諸王、大臣咸入賀。 乃命薩題遣人還報京師。
Yuan Shi, juan 31: First month of Tianshun 2, on yichou day Wenzong again dispatched central secretariat left associate administrator Yiltemur to welcome him. On yiyou day Sadi and others arrived and had audience with the Emperor at the travel encampment, urging accession by Wenzong's command. On bingxu day the Emperor took the throne north of Hening; the princes and great ministers accompanying the journey all entered to congratulate. He then ordered Sadi to send men back to report to the capital.