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卷三十二 本紀第三十二: 文宗一

Volume 32 Annals 32: Wenzong 1

Chapter 32 of 元史 · History of Yuan
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1
Emperor Wenzong, posthumous name Shengming Yuanxiao, taboo name Tugh Temür, was Wuzong's second son and Mingzong's younger brother. His mother was Empress Wenxian Zhaosheng of the Tangut clan. In the third year of Dade, Wuzong commanded troops on the northern frontier; the Emperor was born on guihai day in the first month of spring of the eighth year.
2
使 使
In the eleventh year, Wuzong entered to succeed to the Great Foundation. In the fourth year of Zhida, Wuzong died and passed the throne to his younger brother Renzong. In the third year of Yanyou, Chancellor Tiemudie'er and others deliberated on installing Shidebala as crown prince; because Mingzong was Wuzong's eldest son, he was sent out and resided in the northern desert. When Shidebala ascended the throne, Tiemudie'er again became chancellor; cherishing private ends and clinging to favor, he provoked strife among kinsmen, and princes and great ministers all felt themselves imperiled. Fifth month of the first year of Zhizhi, Central Domestic Affairs Court commissioner Yaochu reported that Toghancha'er and others had dealings with princes; thereupon the Emperor was sent out to reside in Hainan. Sixth month of the third year, Shidebala at Shangdu said to Chancellor Baizhu, "We brothers are truly friendly and loving; formerly, because petty men slandered and transmitted false reports, We were made to dwell in a distant place — they should be summoned back at once, and the petty men's crime of sowing discord should be clearly rectified." Before long, Tieshi, Yeshi Temür, and others committed treason; the Prince of Jin thereupon installed himself as emperor and changed the reign title to Taiding. The Emperor was summoned from Qiong Prefecture in Hainan; reaching Tan Prefecture, he was again ordered to halt. After several months, he returned to the capital. Tenth month, he was enfeoffed Prince of Huai and granted a gold seal. First month of the second year, he was again ordered out to reside at Jiankang; Special Sign Office commissioner Yesianier was put in charge of his guard soldiers. Earlier, after the Prince of Jin had become emperor, he made inner scribe Doresh central secretariat grand councillor, who then became chancellor; crafty and obstinate, acting on his own judgment, calamities and portents repeatedly appeared, while the Emperor and his brother were driven to wander north and south — the hearts of the people turned to them.
3
滿禿 西
Third month, the imperial procession reached Shangdu; Manu and Kuokochu and others attended as escorts. Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri remained to guard the capital; Yan Temür also remained at Dadu. At that time Yesianier secretly went to Shangdu and, with Doresh and others, plotted profit against the Emperor; he then dispatched clan prince registrar Zha Ruhu Chi Yonggutai to transfer the Emperor's residence to Jiangling.
4
西 西 使 西使使調 宿 西宿調 使禿使 使使 使 輿 使 西 西西 使 滿禿使 使 西 使 使 使 使 西禿 使 使 西便 禿滿 西 西 使 使 西 西 禿滿 殿
Seventh month, on gengwu day, Emperor Taiding died at Shangdu. Doresh together with Prince of Liang Wang Chan and Prince of Liaoning Toqto formed a faction to harm government; everyone was resentful. At that time Yan Temür in fact held the Privy Council tally and seal at Dadu; he consulted Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri and secretly gathered brave men to plot raising righteous action. Eighth month, on jiawu day at dawn, the hundred officials assembled at Xingsheng Palace; Yan Temür led Alaq Temür, Borjichi, and 17 others — the troops all bared their blades — and proclaimed to the multitude, "The Martial Emperor had two sage sons, filial, brotherly, benevolent, and literary; the correct succession of all under Heaven ought to return to them. Now you one or two ministers dare to disorder the state's regulations — whoever does not obey shall be beheaded!" Thereupon with his own hand he bound grand councillor Ubaidullah and Barqachar; brave men were separately ordered to seize central secretariat left vice chancellor Duodu, associate administrator Wang Shixi, central secretariat deliberator Toqto, Wu Bingdao, supervising censor Temürge, Qiu Shijie, investigating censor Toqan, crown prince household vice director Wang Huan, and others — all were thrown into prison. Yan Temür together with Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri jointly guarded the inner court, registered treasury stores, recorded tallies and seals, and summoned the hundred officials into the palace to receive orders. He immediately dispatched former Henan Branch Secretariat associate administrator Mingli Dong'a and former transmission commissioner Dalimasheri by post relay to welcome the Emperor from Jiangling, secretly conveying his intent to Henan Branch Secretariat grand councillor Baran and ordering him to select troops to prepare as escort. That day, former Huguang Branch Secretariat left chancellor Biebuhua was made central secretariat left chancellor; crown prince household director Tasihaiya was made central secretariat grand councillor; former Huguang Branch Secretariat right vice chancellor Susu was made central secretariat left vice chancellor; former Shaanxi Branch Secretariat associate administrator Wang Bulunjatai was made associate privy council administrator; together with central secretariat right vice chancellor Zhao Shiyan, co-signatory privy council administrator Yan Temür, Hanlin academician exemplar Yiliechi, and transmission court commissioner Hanjie they shared in managing state affairs; troops were mobilized to guard strategic passes, garrison troops of the various guards were summoned to encamp at the capital, prefectures and counties were ordered to manufacture weapons, and treasury stores were opened to reward soldiers. Yan Temür kept night watch in the forbidden precinct, staying awake until dawn; in one night he might move his lodging twice — no one knew his whereabouts. On yiwei day, by order of the Prince of Xi'an, paper money was distributed in graded amounts to garrison soldiers guarding the capital, and garrison troops of the various guards were mobilized to hold Juyong Pass and Lu'er Ridge. On bingshen day, left guard commander-in-chief Tolu was ordered to lead troops to encamp at Baima Meadow; Longzhen Guard commander-in-chief Ordoman was ordered to lead troops to encamp at Taihe Ridge. On dingyou day, Central Guard troops were dispatched to garrison Qianmin Fort. Saribuhua and others were again dispatched to welcome the Emperor, and Tashi Temür was also ordered to feign being an envoy coming from the south, saying the Emperor had already halted near the suburbs, so the people should not be alarmed or suspicious. On wuxu day, Prince of Xuanjing Bainu and Prince Yanbuhua were summoned from Shandong. On jihai day, troops were conscripted in Liaoyang. Mingli Dong'a reached Bianliang, seized the branch secretariat officials, and threw them all into prison; he also collected the seals of the surveillance commission, the office of commanders of ten-thousands, and prefectures and counties. On gengzi day, Zongren Guard troops were dispatched to reinforce the garrison at Qianmin Fort. On xinchou day, commander of ten-thousands Cheli Temür was dispatched to lead troops to encamp at Hezhong. On renyin day, Henan Branch Secretariat, because prefectures and counties lacked personnel, temporarily appointed officials to administer affairs in their stead. On guimao day, Yan Temür's younger brother Sadun and son Tangqishi came from Shangdu to submit. Henan Branch Secretariat executed grand councillor Qul and right vice chancellor Bietemür. That day, Mingli Dong'a and others reached Jiangling. On jiachen day, the Emperor departed Jiangling and dispatched envoys to summon Prince of Zhennan Temür Buqa, Prince of Weishun Kuanchibuhua, and Huguang Branch Secretariat grand councillor Prince of Gaochang Temür Buqhua to assemble. Huguang Branch Secretariat left vice chancellor Mahema was seized and sent to the capital; Bieshe replaced him. Henan Branch Secretariat disbursed from treasury stores 1,000 taels of gold, 4,000 taels of silver, and 71,000 ingots of notes, distributing them to officials and commanders. The relevant offices were again ordered to manufacture the imperial carriage, furnishings, and ceremonial regalia. On yisi day, Longzhen Guard commander-in-chief Yesutai'er was dispatched to lead troops to garrison Beilou Pass. Henan Branch Secretariat executed its associate administrator Tobutai. Shaanxi Branch Surveillance supervising censor Mazhertai and branch secretariat grand councillor Tanmaqi were summoned but did not come. On bingwu day, Prince Anhun arrived at the capital. Former western surveillance censor Lamahaba and others were dispatched to proclaim the intent in Shaanxi. On dingwei day, Sadun guarded Juyong Pass and Tangqishi encamped at Gubeikou Pass. Henan Branch Secretariat was ordered to cast silver tallies to grant soldiers who had merit. On wushen day, Yan Temür again ordered Naimatai to feign being an envoy coming from the north, saying the Prince of Zhou was marshaling troops and marching south — those who heard were all pleased. The Emperor ordered Henan Branch Secretariat grand councillor Baran to be made left chancellor of that province. Henan Branch Secretariat dispatched former commander of ten-thousands Boluo and others to lead troops to garrison Tong Pass. On jiyou day, princes Manu and Amalatai, clan prince registrar Kuokochu, former Henan Branch Secretariat grand councillor Mielun, Hanlin attendant reader academician Ulughsibuhua, and Grand Ceremonies Court commissioner Hahaqi — 18 men in all — jointly plotted to aid Dadu; the plot was discovered and Doresh executed them. On gengxu day, the Emperor reached Bianliang; Baran and others escorted him north. Former Hanlin academician exemplar Abuhaiya was made Henan Branch Secretariat grand councillor. The people of Pingluan were conscripted to dig trenches at Qianmin Fort to resist the Liaodong army. On xinhai day, Yan Temür was made privy council administrator and Yiliechi censor-in-chief. On renzi day, Asud Guard commander-in-chief Totuo Temür led his army from Shangdu to submit and was immediately ordered to guard Gubeikou Pass. On guichou day, the seal of the privy council branch office was cast. That day, Shangdu princes and ministers in power dispatched troops in separate columns to invade the capital region; Prince of Liaoning Toqto, Prince Borad Temür, Grand Preceptor Buqa, left chancellor Doresh, and privy council administrator Temür Toqto remained to guard Shangdu. On jiayin day, Lamahaba and others reached Shaanxi and were all killed. On yimao day, Totuo Temür together with Shangdu princes Shila, grand councillor Naimatai, and household director Qincha fought at Yixing; Qincha was beheaded in battle, Naimatai was captured and sent to the capital and executed, and Shila fled in defeat. On bingchen day, Yan Temür received the imperial carriage and went out to the suburbs to welcome it. On dingsi day, the Emperor reached the capital and entered to reside in the inner palace. Guich Guard commander-in-chief Tode came from Shangdu, led his army to submit, and was ordered to guard Gubeikou Pass. On wuwu day, Susu was made central secretariat grand councillor; former associate censor-in-chief Cao Li was made central secretariat right vice chancellor; Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat associate administrator Zhang Youliang was made central secretariat associate administrator; Henan Branch Secretariat left chancellor Baran was made censor-in-chief; central secretariat right vice chancellor Zhao Shiyan was made associate censor-in-chief. On jiwei day, Henan commander of ten-thousands Yesutai'er was made associate privy council administrator. The Huihui directorate of religious teaching under Haji was abolished. Shangdu Prince of Liang Wang Chan, right chancellor Dash Temür, grand marshal Buqa, grand councillor Mielun, and censor-in-chief Niudze encamped their armies at Yulin. Yixing County was promoted to prefecture. Longzhen Guard commander-in-chief Heihan plotted to join Shangdu and was executed at the market; his household was confiscated. Ninth month, on gengshen new moon, Yan Temür supervised the army at Juyong Pass and dispatched Sadun with troops to strike Shangdu troops at Yulin, defeated them, pursued them to Huailai, and returned. Longzhen Guard commander-in-chief Ordoman with troops struck Shangdu princes Mieli Temür and Temochi at Tuoluo Platform, seized them, and brought them back to the capital. Envoys were dispatched to the army to grant Totuo Temür and others 1,000 taels of silver each, to be distributed to meritorious soldiers. Silks and cloth were granted to 70 elders of age in the capital. The relevant offices were ordered to requisition horses. Central secretariat left chancellor Biebuhua said, "The Huihui Haha De, from the Zhizhi period onward, borrowed official notes in violation of regulations and separately went to foreign lands, obtaining treasure goods beyond reckoning — by law his property should be confiscated; yet Doresh privately favored his tribesmen and would not allow it; now we request that his household be registered." Approved. Yan Temür requested the release of Mahema; approved. Shaanxi troops entered Hezhong Prefecture, plundered 18,000 ingots of notes from the circulating treasury, and killed associate prefect Buluntu. On renxu day, envoys were dispatched to sacrifice at the Five Sacred Mountains and Four Rivers. Susu was ordered to proclaim to the court and countryside, "Formerly under Shizu and the successive sage emperors who ruled, all ordered the Central Secretariat to hold the hundred offices in harness, oversee all government, and manage money and grain, appointments, punishments, and construction — nothing was outside its charge. From now on, apart from the Privy Council and the Censorate, if any other office or attendant at left or right dares to bypass the Central Secretariat in memorializing on government affairs, it shall be judged violation of regulations; supervising censors shall impeach and report it." Prince of Gaochang Temür Buqhua was made privy council administrator and Yesianier palace provision commissioner. Provisions were supplied to soldiers at Juyong Pass, and notes were granted in graded amounts to Prince of Zhennan Temür Buqa and others. Garrison-farming troops of the Five Guards were conscripted to encamp at the capital. Annam came to court to present local products. Notes were granted in graded amounts to commanders and soldiers from Shangdu who came to submit. Privy Council officials said, "Henan Branch Secretariat troops are arrayed on garrison duty west of the Huai River, not far from Tong Pass and Hezhong; Huguang Branch Secretariat troops — only the two commands of ten-thousands at Pingyang and Baoding are called elite — we request that 10,000 garrison troops from Qi and Huang be mobilized together with the two commands of ten-thousands, making 30,000, and that Huguang associate administrator Zheng Angxiao and commander of ten-thousands Totuo Temür lead them, encamping along the Yellow River for convenient dispatch." Approved. Yan Temür was summoned to audience at court. Shangdu princes Yesi Temür and grand councillor Tuman De'er entered Qianmin Fort with troops from Liaodong; princes Barama and Yesi Temür entered Guan Prefecture with their subordinate troops, killing and plundering officials and people. On bingyin day, weapons were ordered manufactured — 60,000 sets in the three provinces of Jiang-Zhe, Jiangxi, and Huguang, and 40,000 sets in the inner prefectures. On dingmao day, Yan Temür led the princes and great ministers to prostrate themselves at the palace gate and request early rectification of the Great Foundation to settle all under Heaven; the Emperor firmly declined, saying, "My elder brother is in the northern desert — how dare I disorder Heaven's order?" Yan Temür said, "The moment when hearts turn toward or away from one is a gap that admits no delay — once lost, there will be no time to regret." The Emperor said, "If it cannot be avoided, my intent must first be made clear and shown to all under Heaven — only then may it be done." Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri, Prince of Zhennan Temür Buqa, Prince of Weishun Kuanchibuhua, Prince of Xuanjing Bainu, and others were each granted 50 taels of gold, 500 taels of silver, and 30 bolts of silks. Sadun was dispatched to hold the Liaodong army at Dongliu Sha River east of Jizhou; marshal Arigh was ordered to guard Juyong Pass. Shangdu troops attacked Beilou Pass; commander Yeshutai'er defended it but could not overcome them. On wuchen day grand minister of agriculture Mingli Dong'a and Dadu garrison commissioner Kuokuotai were both made central secretariat grand councillors. Brave men were recruited for military service. Envoys were dispatched in separate columns through Hejian, Baoding, Zhending, and Henan routes and others to requisition civilian horses. The Hexi Army of Yanling County was summoned to court. Xiangyang commander of ten-thousands Yang Kezhong and Dengzhou commander of ten-thousands Sun Jie were ordered to hold Wuguan Pass with troops. The Sea Route Office of Commanders of Ten-Thousands was ordered to transport 3,100,000 shi of grain the following year. 80 gold tallies were cast. On jisi day casting of the imperial seal was completed. A traveling privy council was established at Bianliang; associate privy council administrator Yeshutai'er was made to administer the traveling privy council, leading troops to inspect the passes of the Taihang range, striking west against the armies of Hezhong and Tong Pass, and distributing folding crossbows to the garrison troops holding the passes. Shangdu princes including Hulatai led troops to invade Guo Prefecture. On gengwu day the relevant offices were ordered to purchase 165,000 shi of grain and beans on the market and distribute them to the troops and horses at Juyong Pass and other passes. Soldiers and civilians were dispatched to guard the defiles at Gui and Xia. On xinwei day, in ordinary dress, he visited the Imperial Ancestral Temple. The native official of Mengding Route in Yunnan came to court to present local products. Ubaidullah and Temürge were executed at the market; Duodu, Wang Shixi, Barqachar, Toqan, and others were each exiled to distant prefectures, and their households were confiscated. Associate privy council administrator Toqtoghan fought Tuman De'er of Liaodong at Liangjiadian in Jizhou. On renshen day the Emperor took the throne in Daming Hall, received congratulations from the princes and hundred officials, and proclaimed a general amnesty; the edict said:
5
使
Greatly do We reflect that Our Founding Emperor unified the realm within the four seas, thereupon established fixed institutions, and with a single succession line had kinsmen each receive allotted domains — none dared rashly harbor covetous designs; this is an immutable settled rule, to be jointly upheld for ten thousand generations. After Shizu, Chengzong, Wuzong, Renzong, and Yingzong, with a mind of holding the realm in common, passed the throne in order; princes and noble kinsmen all obeyed the ancestral instruction. As for the Jin residence, there existed covenant documents pledging to keep to princely service; yet together with the traitorous ministers Tieshi, Yesen Temür, and others he secretly maintained a hidden plot, presumptuously encroached on the imperial seat, and caused Yingzong unhappily to meet with great misfortune. We brothers were driven to wander north and south, fully enduring hardship and peril; how could We have shared in matters of rule!
6
殿
Because of Our uncle's position We dutifully accepted succession in compliance; for 6 years now, calamities and portents have repeatedly appeared. Powerful ministers Doresh, Ubaidullah, and others monopolized authority and acted on their own judgment, kept meritorious old followers at a distance, discarded the loyal and good, altered and overturned the ancestral institutions, and emptied the treasury to enrich their faction. When the late emperor became Heaven's guest, they took advantage of installing a minor, openly grasped the reins of state, and thereby accomplished their treachery. Princes and great ministers, because of the weight of the altars of state and the correctness of the succession line, joined in counsel to support and install Us, their slight person. We, of meager virtue, ought to await Our elder brother and firmly yielded again and again. Imperial kinsmen, generals and chancellors, the hundred officials, and elders of age held that the imperial regalia could not long remain vacant and the realm could not be without a ruler; the Prince of Zhou was far separated in the northern desert, and the people were anxious — already 3 months had passed, and their earnest pleas were urgent. We therefore acceded to their request, respectfully awaiting Our elder brother's arrival, to fulfill Our firm intent to yield. On the 13th day of the ninth month of the first year of Zhihe, We already took the imperial throne in Daming Hall; let the first year of Zhihe be renamed the first year of Tianli, and a general amnesty may be proclaimed throughout the realm. Before dawn on the 13th day of the ninth month, except for plotting to kill grandparents or parents, a wife or concubine killing her husband, a slave killing his master, plotting deliberate murder, robbery in general, and forging counterfeit notes — which are not pardoned — all other crimes, whether light or heavy, are alike remitted and abolished.
7
輿
Alas, had We any intent toward the realm! Deeply reflecting on the hardship of the ancestors' founding, fearing the ruin of the great enterprise, We therefore reluctantly followed the will of the multitude. We still rely on you civil and military ministers within and without to join hearts in assisting Us, to bring peace to the hundred millions, and to accomplish the work of good governance. We address you in all quarters — embody Our utmost intent!
8
使 西使 殿 西禿使使 輿 殿 使使 宿 使 使使 禿 西 使 西 使使 滿 西 使 調 調 穿調 使 西 使
On guiyou day additional relay-seal dispatches were granted to the Hanlin Academy. Yan Temür was ordered to lead troops against the Liaodong army; Yan Temür was enfeoffed Prince of Taiping, with Taiping Route as his fief; he was granted 500 taels of gold, 2,500 taels of silver, 10,000 ingots of notes, and 500 qing of Pingjiang official land. Central secretariat right vice chancellor Cao Li was made Jiang-Zhe branch secretariat grand councillor; Fujian surveillance commissioner Yishidong'a was made right vice chancellor; former central secretariat left vice chancellor Zhang Siming was made left vice chancellor. Princes Tashu, Jirhalang, Fobao, and others came to court from En Prefecture. Anhui was granted 100 ingots of notes for sacrifice to the Heavenly Spirit. Horses were requisitioned in Hedong. On jiaxu day Yan Temür was additionally invested commissioner with the Ceremonial Standing Equal to the Three Excellencies, pillar of state of the upper grade, recorder of state military affairs, central secretariat right chancellor, and supervisor of the state history, while still administering the privy council as before; Bayan was made grand marshal; Jiangnan branch censor-in-chief Durji was made Jiang-Zhe branch secretariat left chancellor; Huai-Xi circuit surveillance commissioner Arslan Qaya was made Jiangnan branch censor-in-chief. Princes Bolad and Quduqa came to court. The old and young of the left and right Asud guard corps were summoned to the capital; those who did not go were beheaded and their households confiscated. On yihai day the Grand Felicitous Court was established to perform sacrifice at the spirit halls of the ancestral imperial portraits, rank 2a; the Huifu and Zhuxiang courts were abolished. Jiangxi branch secretariat grand councillor Tuq Temür and Jiang-Zhe branch secretariat right vice chancellor Yishidong'a were both made commissioners of the Grand Felicitous Court; central secretariat grand councillor Susu and censorate vice commissioner Yilechi were both additionally commissioners of the Grand Felicitous Court. Shangdu Prince Wang Chan's troops made a surprise attack and broke through Juyong Pass; officers and soldiers all fled in rout. Yan Temür's army halted at Sanhe. On bingzi day Wang Chan's roaming troops reached Dakou; Yan Temür returned with his army and halted at the Yu River; the Emperor went out through Qihua Gate to review the troops. On dingchou day Yan Temür came to see him and said, "Once the imperial carriage goes forth, the people's hearts will surely be alarmed; as for military affairs, your subject asks to take them upon himself." That same day he returned to the palace. The Directorate of Astronomy was ordered to observe a comet. On wuyin day an edict was proclaimed to the court and countryside: "Recently the traitorous ministers Doresh and Ubaidullah secretly maintained a hidden plot and altered the ancestral settled institutions; their crimes have already been clearly rectified. All Muslims who did not participate in the affair may keep their livelihoods and need not fear; whoever incites and deludes others among them shall be punished." An order was also issued: "Soldiers who desert and return, and vagrants in the capital who dare plunder the people's property, shall be beheaded." Gaochang monks were ordered to perform Buddhist rites at Yanchun Pavilion. Nestorian Christians were also ordered to perform Buddhist rites at the spirit hall of Empress Manifest Virtue and Solemn Sage. Princes Arbaqu, Anhui, and Toqto came to court. The garrison commissioner was ordered to complete the capital's defenses; soldiers manned the walls for defense. Yan Temür fought Wang Chan's vanguard at the Yu River, defeated them, and pursued the rout north of Red Bridge. Associate privy council administrator Alaltemür and commander Qudu Temür joined Wang Chan with troops and came again to give battle; they were again defeated, and Our army held Red Bridge. An additional 100 relay horses were granted to Dadu. On gengchen day the Metal Star violated the Horn constellation. An edict instructed the censorate: "Henceforth surveillance censors and surveillance commissioners, in all impeachments, must set forth the facts; where there are none, do not speak rashly. Surveillance office clerks should be appointed jointly from officeholders, instructors, clerks, and provincial graduates." Additional enfeoffment was granted to Han general Guan Yu as Prince Manifest Spirit, Righteous, Valorous, Martial, and Restorative; envoys were dispatched to sacrifice at his temple. On xinsi day the Directorate of Astronomy was ordered to observe a comet. Bayanbuluq was made privy council administrator, while still central secretariat left grand councillor. Horses were requisitioned in Shandong. Yan Temür fought a great battle with the Shangdu army on the plain of Baifu; Yan Temür personally slew 7 men in the ranks and defeated them. Toqtoghan fought the Liaodong army at Tanzishan in Jizhou. On renwu day there was heavy fog. Wang Chan and others fled to Kunshan Prefecture. Envoys bearing edicts from Shangdu and envoys mobilizing troops from Liaodong were captured and reported; an edict ordered them executed. On guiwei day associate privy council administrator Toghan Temür was made privy council administrator; central secretariat grand councillor Mingli Dong'a was made Jiang-Zhe branch secretariat grand councillor. Wang Chan gathered the scattered and came again to give battle; Our army drew up ranks west of Baifu, and the enemy did not dare attack. By night Sadun and Toqtoghan attacked from front and rear, defeated and drove them off, pursued them north of Changping, beheaded several thousand, and accepted the surrender of more than 10,000. The Emperor dispatched envoys to grant Yan Temür imperial wine and instructed him: "Each time the chancellor goes into battle he personally braves arrows and stones; if unexpectedly something should happen, what then? From now on it will suffice to direct the battle with the great general's banner and drum." Yan Temür replied, "In every battle your subject must take the lead in person; whoever dares hang back is judged by military law. If it were entrusted to the generals and they should fail, what regret would there be time for?" On jiashen day auspicious clouds appeared. Wang Chan fled alone on horseback; Sadun pursued but could not overtake him and returned. The censorate was ordered: "For all surveillance commissioners in each circuit, appoint 2 Mongols, and 1 each from Uighur, Hexi, Muslim, and Han; 16 clerks in each office — 5 officeholders, 5 route clerks, 2 instructors, and 4 provincial graduates. Central office administrators of equivalent rank are to be appointed surveillance commissioners; office managers are to be appointed vice commissioners. Henceforth censorate translators and interpreters who complete their term of service may not be appointed censors." Prince Jing'an Kokebuluq and others led Shaanxi troops in secretly entering through Tong Pass's southern water gate; commander of ten-thousands Bolad abandoned the pass and fled; Kokebuluq and others separately occupied Shaan Prefecture and other counties and let their troops plunder on all sides. On yiyou day Mingli Dong'a was made central secretariat grand councillor; Lingbei branch secretariat left vice chancellor Yanbulu was made privy council administrator. 1,000 able-bodied men were recruited to defend the walled cities. Shangdu troops entered Gubeikou Pass; officers and soldiers all fled in rout; privy council administrator Juwentai led troops to plunder Shicao. Posthumous enfeoffment was granted to wet nurse Wanzhe as Lady of the Yun State; her husband Oros was posthumously made grand preceptor and enfeoffed Duke of the Yun State, posthumous name Zhongyi; her son Sonai was posthumously made minister of works and enfeoffed Duke of the Yun State, posthumous name Zhenmin. Yan Temür dispatched Sadun by forced march to rush to Shicao and strike them unprepared. Yan Temür's main army followed; fighting continued for more than 40 li to Niutou Mountain; imperial son-in-law Bolad Temür, grand councillor Mongol Tashi, Yeshi Temür, and director of the Palace Construction Office Sar Toghan were captured and sent to court for execution; commanders who surrendered numbered 10,000, and the remaining troops fled in disorder; by night Sadun was dispatched out through Gubeikou Pass to pursue them. Toqtoghan fought the Liaodong army south of Jizhou; the slain and captured were beyond reckoning. 50,000 old and young of the Henan Mongol army were mobilized to reinforce the capital's defense; able-bodied men were recruited to guard Zhigu. 3,500 transport troops of the Linqing Office of Commanders of Ten-Thousands were mobilized for divided garrison along the Imperial Canal; 10,000 able-bodied men of Shandong were ordered to defend the seaports at Yidu, Panyang, and other places. Juyong Pass was piled with stones to strengthen its defenses. On dinghai day the Liaodong army reached the capital; Yan Temür led troops to resist them and ordered ward headmen in the capital to summon able-bodied men and artisans totaling 10,000, to serve together with soldiers in garrisoning and defending the walls, each receiving 3 ingots of notes and 3 dou of grain monthly. Under Jining and Jinning routes: Yanmen Pass in Da Prefecture, Yangwu Pass in Guo Prefecture, Tianjian and Piku passes in Lan Prefecture, Zaidi, Tianqiao, and Baiyang passes in Baode Prefecture, Wubao Pass in Shi Prefecture, Xiangyang Pass in Fen Prefecture, Wumen Pass in Xi Prefecture, Matou and Qinwangling passes in Ji Prefecture, and Yindi Pass in Lingshi County — all were ordered to dig trenches and pile stones to strengthen defenses, and able-bodied men were conscripted to garrison them. On wuzi day Shangdu princes Hulatai and others entered Zijing Pass; officers and troops all scattered in rout; mobile privy council officials Buyan and Ordoman, and commander Yesu Taier led troops to their relief. Shaanxi branch censorate censor-in-chief Yesi Temür led troops across the river from Daqing Pass, captured the officials of Hezhong Prefecture, and killed them. Wanhu Cheli Temür's army scattered in rout and fled; Henan surveillance vice commissioner Wan Jialu said: "Cheli Temür as a great general maintained lax discipline and fled at the sight of the enemy — he should receive severe punishment as encouragement and warning." No response. When Hedong learned Yesi Temür's army had arrived, officials all abandoned their cities and fled; Yesi Temür replaced them all with his partisans. Ye'erjini, left chancellor of Yunnan Branch Secretariat, was summoned but did not come. Former left chancellor Sanbaonu was executed for crime; his two sons Shangdu and Qala Badur served as attendants — an order restored their confiscated family property and commission edicts.
9
西 西 調西 調 涿調 殿 宿 西 使西使 殿 退 殿 調 殿 便 禿滿禿滿 使西使 使 使使使西 使 使 宿祿 西 西 殿 使 西 宿 使 涿 使 使 使 西
Tenth month, on jichou new moon, western monks were ordered to perform Buddhist rites. Yan Temür led troops to Tong Prefecture, attacked and defeated the Liaodong army, which all crossed the Lu River and fled. Totuo Temür and others were dispatched with 4,000 troops to relieve Zijing Pass from the west. 10,000 troops from Jiang-Zhe were mobilized to defend Tong Pass from the west. Routed soldiers from Zijing Pass fled south to Baoding and there plundered wantonly; associate route official Alisha and former grand councillor Zhang Gui's son Zhang Jingwu, wanhu of Wuchang, and others led the people with clubs and killed several hundred. Henan Branch Secretariat mobilized troops to garrison Hulao Pass. On gengyin day our army and the Liaodong army drew up on opposite banks of the Lu River; the Liaodong army fled by night, and our army crossed and attacked them. On xinmao day ritual officials said: "At the beginning of accession, sacrifices should be announced at the suburban altars and the altars of soil and grain; for seasonal offerings the rites should be changed to the second month of each season." Approved. Zijing Pass troops pressed toward Zhuo Prefecture; associate prefect Jiaohua mobilized able-bodied men to resist. On renchen day Yesianier arrived at Baoding with troops, killed Alisha and others and the five brothers of the Zhang Jingwu family, and seized their family property. Doresh lent 40,000 ingots of notes to his affinal relative, vice salt transport commissioner of Changlu Salt Transport Office Yilimadan, to buy salt for profit in the capital; an edict ordered recovery and investigation. On guisi day the four chief steward offices of Shoufu, Huifu, Longxi, and Chongxiang were established to maintain the spirit halls of the ancestral emperors, all at rank 3a and subordinate to the Office of Grand Blessings. Hulatai's roaming troops pressed toward the southern city; each household in the capital was ordered to furnish one able-bodied man with weapons to join soldiers on the walls, and at each gate jars of water were placed as fire precautions. Yan Temür, Prince of Yangzhuo Wang Taiping, Prince of Guo Duoluotai and others fought at Zaolin in Tanzizishan; Tangqishi fell in battle and killed Taiping; the dead covered the fields; the remainder all fled by night; Sadun was sent in pursuit but did not overtake them. On jiawu day the relevant offices were ordered to purchase 1,000 horses to grant to soldiers setting out on campaign. Totuo Temür, Zhangji, and Yesianier jointly attacked the enemy south of Liangxiang, fighting successively to the Lugou Bridge; Hulatai was wounded and encamped on the bridge for the night. On yiwei day Yan Temür led his army west along the northern hills toward Liangxiang; generals Shi and others fought Hulatai, Alatemür and others at the Lugou Bridge, proclaiming that Yan Temür's main army had arrived — the enemy troops all fled. An envoy promulgating an edict at Gansu, upon reaching Shaanxi, had the edict defaced by branch secretariat and branch censorate officials, the envoy shackled and sent to Shangdu. Prince of Xiangning Bala Siri led troops into Jining, killing and plundering officials and people. At the time garrison at the Taihang passes was all deficient; Jining Route reported emergency; an edict directed wanhu Heshang to lead troops through Guyuan Pass to their relief. Jining Route officials recruited civilian levies to meet the enemy; Heshang's troops formed the rear guard and killed and captured many. When Shangdu troops arrived in force, Heshang withdrew to hold Guyuan Pass; Jining was thereupon overrun. On bingshen day Yan Temür entered court; a banquet was granted at Xingsheng Hall. Relief was granted to families in Tong Prefecture that had suffered warfare. Susu and others were ordered to oversee fiscal forage and grain. Central secretariat officials said: "Shangdu princes and great ministers, heedless of the ancestral laws, deceived by the wicked minister Doresh, rashly brought troops to violate the capital region. Relying on Your Majesty's great fortune, Wang Chan was thus routed; princes Boraltemür and the active ministers Mongol Dash, Yash Temür and others were captured alive; having already been duly executed according to law, their heads should be transmitted to the four directions to show the multitude." Approved. On dingyou day 10 men from Jianshan County who had once guided Wang Chan were punished — the 4 ringleaders were executed, the rest flogged 107 strokes, their family property registered for confiscation, and wives and children distributed as rewards to garrison soldiers at the passes. On wuxu day Huguang Branch Secretariat grand councillor Qizhu was ordered to mobilize troops to garrison Gui and Xia; left vice chancellor Biexue was to garrison Bafan to resist Sichuan troops. Generals pursued Alatemür and others to Zijing Pass, captured them, sent them to the capital — all were displayed and executed in the marketplace. On jihai day the Emperor visited the Dasheng Shou Wan'an Temple and paid respects at the spirit halls of Shizu and Yuzong. Yan Temür was granted the Prince of Taiping's golden seal and an imperial commission edict, and also granted a jade dish, dragon robes, pearl robes, a pearl, a golden belt, and one each of eastern white gyrfalcon and eastern blue gyrfalcon. Henan Branch Secretariat and Mobile Privy Council were both permitted to act at discretion. Tumen Dayar's army again entered Gubeikou; Yan Temür led troops to resist; a great battle was fought south of Tan Prefecture; they were defeated; his wanhu surrendered with 10,000 troops; Tumen Dayar thereupon fled back to Liaodong. An envoy promulgating an edict at Shaanxi — branch secretariat and branch censorate officials burned the edict, imprisoned the envoy, and reported to Shangdu. On gengzi day Liang Prince Wang Chan's residence was granted to Prince Temür Buqa. Court ministers said: "Baoding wanhu Zhang Chang — now that his uncles Jingwu and others have been executed, the troops he commands should be dismissed and his golden tiger tally confiscated." Not permitted. On xinchou day associate privy council administrator Totuo Temür and transmission commissioner Yebulun were both made privy council administrators; associate censor-in-chief Yiliechi was made censor-in-chief. Family property of Barqachar and Duodu was restored. Prince of Qi Yolqi Temür, Eastern Route Mongol marshal Buqa Temür and others besieged Shangdu with troops; Doresh and others presented the imperial seal and surrendered. Liang Prince Wang Chan fled; Liaoning Prince Tuotuo was killed by Prince of Qi Yolqi Temür; the seals of Shangdu princes were thereupon collected. On renyin day imperial provision commissioner Yesianier was made acting mobile privy council administrator; deputy imperial provision commissioner Zhangji was made deputy mobile privy council administrator; together with privy council administrator Yesu Taier and others they led troops west to attack Tong Pass troops. Central secretariat officials said: "Yeriya was once dismissed for corruption; he was recently reappointed Imperial Physician — we dare not obey the edict. The Emperor said: "What is past should not be blamed; when the army was raised I already recorded him for employment — let it be done according to my command. Zhang Gui's daughter was given in marriage to Yesianier. On guimao day the wife of the late imperial provision commissioner Shiliemen was granted to Yan Temür. Tong Prefecture prefect Zhao Yi, for having been able to resist the enemy, was granted 2 bolts of silks. Yesi Timür's army reached Jinning; officials of the route all fled. On jiachen day darughachis of routes, prefectures, and counties under the Jin residence and Liaoning Prince were all dismissed, placed under detention, and replaced with regular appointees. Huaidong pacification commission was granted silver-character round tally. Relevant offices were ordered to collect seals, tally tokens, and weapons abandoned by officers and soldiers. 100,000 shi of rice was sold in relief in the capital at 15 strings of notes per shi. On bingwu day central secretariat officials said: "When criminals are punished, after registering family property their wives and children are also confiscated — this is not the ancient meaning of not extending punishment to families; hereafter please do not confiscate men's wives and children." Decree approved. On dingwei day announcement sacrifices were made at the southern suburban altar. Central secretariat grand councillor Taqaji was made grand minister of agriculture; Qincha was again made central secretariat grand councillor; attendant censor Yulubuhua was made associate censor-in-chief. Because fiscal forage and beans were insufficient for current needs, all princes and imperial sons-in-law coming to court had their provisions curtailed; guard officers who already had grain stipends and palace eunuchs and women with annual forage allotments — all were temporarily suspended. 200,000 shi of beans were purchased in prefectures and counties along the Imperial Canal; payment was made from salt duty notes of Hejian and Shandong. River-defense grain-transport troops were released and sent home. Shaanxi troops reached Heishi Ford in Gong County and thereupon occupied Hulao; our troops all scattered; stored weapons were all captured. Henan Branch Secretariat reported emergency; an order warned relevant offices to repair walls and strengthen garrison. Yunnan Yingshaluo native official Aizan and others came to present tribute goods. On jiyou day Biebuhua was additionally made grand guardian and removed from privy council administrator. Ministry of Justice bureau director Dadu and former Guangdong associate official Zhang Shirong were ordered to pursue recovery of Ubaidullah's family property. Juyong Pass was opened. Shaanxi troops seized Wu Pass; wanhu Yang Kezhong and others' troops scattered in rout. On gengxu day the Emperor presided at Xingsheng Hall; Prince of Qi Yolqi Temür, princes Bes Temür, Arqashiri, Nohaihan, and Eastern Route Mongol marshal Buqa Temür and others presented the imperial seal. Doresh and others were brought to the capital and imprisoned; envoys were dispatched separately with proclamations to branch secretariat and inner prefectures to cease troops and reassure the people. The wife, slaves, and fields and houses of eunuch Botemür were granted to Sadun. On xinhai day Yunnan Cheli Route native officials Diaosai and others came to present tribute goods. An edict: "Henceforth court governance and registration and confiscation of fields and houses for grants — without deliberation with Yan Temür, no person may memorialize or petition. The slaves and family property of eunuch Mishamini were granted to Barq. On renzi day because Henan, Jiangxi, and Huguang tribute of imperial geese was too frequent, the number was reduced to spare relay stations. Prince Huosha's residence was granted to Yan Temür's stepmother Princess Chagir. On guichou day Yan Temür resigned as privy council administrator; his uncle Eastern Route Mongol marshal Buqa Temür was appointed in his place. Yan Temür requested that 30 persons' fields and houses including Mongol Dash be granted to 30 persons including Cheli Temür — approved. Of horses collected from Hebei routes, 400 were given to the four guard corps' atachi, 200 to the inner palace atachi, and the remaining 2,000 were distributed for pasturing in inner prefectures. Shangdu storehouses' money and grain were audited. Censorate officials said: "Recently northern troops seized Zijing Pass; government troops scattered and fled and plundered the people of Baoding. This route's officials and the five sons of former grand councillor Zhang Gui, Jingwu, led their people to attack government troops and were killed; Yesianier without awaiting memorial and report rashly killed officials on his own authority and five sons of Zhang. Zhang Gui's father and grandfather for three generations were meritorious ministers of the state — even if Zhang Gui's sons had guilt, what guilt had Zhang Gui's wife and daughters! Now having registered their family, yet giving his daughter in marriage to Yesianier — this is truly not the state's intent in treating meritorious ministers. The Emperor said: "What you say is correct." The central secretariat was ordered to rectify it. The censorate was ordered to select men to fill surveillance posts in each circuit. Officials were dispatched to grant relief to relay households in Liangxiang, Zhuo Prefecture, Dingxing, and Baoding that had suffered warfare. On jiayin day the Office of Imperial Provision was abolished and the Office of Stored Blessings was established, rank 2a. Grand councillors Susu and Mingli Dong'a were both put in charge of Stored Blessings Office affairs; falconry commissioner Sali and Henan Branch Secretariat left vice chancellor Yao Wei were both made superintendents of Stored Blessings; marshal Yesu Taier seized Prince of Xiangning Bala Siri and sent him to the capital. Bala Siri, together with Prince of Zhao Mazahan and Prince Hulatai, obeying Shangdu's command, each raised their following troops to invade south into Jining; on returning and halting at Mayi they were thereupon seized; the men and women they had captured, 1,000 in all, were all returned to their homes. Envoys were dispatched to stop Jiang-Zhe troops going to Tong Pass, ordering them to return to their garrisons. Yesi Temür's troops reached Lu Prefecture. On yimao day Doresh's residence was granted to Buqa Temür; Doresh's son Popi's residence was granted to Ordoman; inner attendant Wang Bayan's residence was granted to Tangqishi. On bingchen day Yan Temür requested that confiscated property of the traitor Chiqin Temür be returned to his wife. Temürge's troops entered Deng Prefecture. On dingsi day the chamber of Emperor Xianzong was destroyed; Emperor Shunzong was installed in the second chamber on the right of Mu; Emperor Chengzong in the third chamber on the right of Mu; Emperor Wuzong in the third chamber on the left of Zhao; Emperor Renzong in the fourth chamber on the left of Zhao; Emperor Yingzong in the fourth chamber on the right of Mu. Yan Temür was additionally granted the title Daraqan, and his descendants were still ordered to inherit the title in perpetuity. Yan Temür requested that the fields and houses of 23 persons including Qole of Henan be granted to 23 persons including Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri — approved. On wuwu day an edict instructed the court: "Among today's officials, only Grand Councillor Yan Temür and Grand Preceptor Bayan may concurrently hold three posts and manage affairs; the rest should all be simplified. Matters of the hundred offices that should be memorialized should be jointly deliberated and reported; those who privately follow their own wishes may not memorialize alone. Shangdu officials appointed after the twenty-first day of the eighth month — all their commissions should be revoked." An edict: "Buddhist and Daoist monks throughout the realm who have wives — all are ordered to become commoners." Yesianier's army halted at Shunde. Guangping and Daming routes were ordered to requisition horses. Buqa was murdered by thieves. Initially, Buqa, taking advantage of the realm's many troubles, led his following in plundering; all north of Juyong was disturbed by them; at this time thieves entered his home and killed him. Xinghe Route treated the thieves with capital punishment; the Ministry of Justice deliberated: "Buqa was without the Way; all knew of it; fortunately meeting with thieves' murder, yet this route concealed his crimes of remnant plunder and reported only the theft — this is improper under the law." The central secretariat reported; the Emperor commended their deliberation.
10
禿滿禿 宿 殿 宿 西 使 宿宿 西 簿西使 西 使 西 殿 使 使 使 使 使 西使
Eleventh month, on jiwei day an edict instructed the court and countryside: "Princes Wang Chan and Tumen Dayar, Alabuqa, Tuqan, and others, defeated in battle and fled — whoever can capture them shall be granted a fifth-rank office; Fellow partisans who can abandon rebellion and submit, capture Wang Chan and others and come to submit — their original guilt is remitted, and offices granted as above; Household slaves who capture them may serve in the palace guard; Whoever dares conceal them — when the matter is discovered, guilt equal to the criminal." The surveillance censor's seal and Jining Route seal were granted; as for seals of the hundred offices within and without lost due to warfare, the central secretariat was ordered to cast and grant them according to rank. Grand preceptor Badashah was promoted to grand tutor and concurrently made jarquchi of the Imperial Clan Court, commanding troops on the northern frontier. Central secretariat officials said: "Supervising censor Zuoji lacks talent and should not bear the post of wind discipline." Censorate officials Bayan and others said: "Zuoji was recommended by the censorate; if having already used him, one then stops on others' word, the censorate's authority cannot be upheld. If it must be as the central secretariat officials say, we beg to resign and withdraw." The Emperor said: "You all must not speak thus. If Zuoji is truly unusable, why did the central secretariat officials not speak first. Let Zuoji remain supervising censor." The Emperor said to central secretariat officials: "When I was at Qiong Prefecture and Jiankang, Sadi always followed and endured utmost hardship; grant him 60,000 salt certificates so he may seek profit to support his household." Prefectures and counties were ordered to gather people who had fled due to warfare; the poor were granted relief. Surrendered troops of Liaodong were granted marching grain and sent back. Commoners of the capital region and the four directions who had been plundered by troops and enslaved by others — the relevant offices were ordered to pursue investigation and send them back. Relay stations in Shannbei and Jingdong that had suffered warfare were relieved with 21,500 ingots of notes. Goryeo eunuchs Mixiemi and Ganggadali were released to return to their villages. On gengshen day the central secretariat recorded and employed former censorate officials Elinjin and Cai Wenyuan. Following Jiangnan Branch Censorate censor Wang Juren's memorial, recent appointees from commoner status were purged. The mobile censorate was ordered: "Whatever impeachments there are must be memorialized by the censorate; do not directly report by sealed memorial." The central secretariat was ordered to pursue recovery of Doresh and his elder brother Ma Mou's, son Popi's, Mubaraqsha's and others' family property. On xinyou day Yan Temür requested that Niudze's fields and houses be granted to Qincha Tai. Yesianier's troops reached Wu'an; Yesi Temür surrendered with his army; hearing this, Hedong prefectures and counties all killed the officials he had appointed. On guihai day the Emperor lodged at the fasting palace. On jiazi day wearing mourning robes and cap, he offered sacrifice at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. Shaanxi troops pressed toward Bianliang; hearing the court's proclamation to cease troops, they thereupon dispersed and withdrew. On yichou day Yan Temür requested that the fields and houses of 30 persons including Ubaidullah be granted to 30 persons including Orus — approved. On dingmao day Bayan was additionally made commander-in-chief of the Loyal Support Guard. On gengwu day the Chaghan Na'ur pacification commission was reestablished. Commanders of all palace guard offices were ordered to separately select from recruited braves; those who had not formerly served in the palace guard were all dismissed. Bianliang, Henan and other routes and Nanyang Prefecture, suffering consecutive years of locusts and drought — brewing liquor within their territories was forbidden. Japanese merchant ships trading at Fujian — Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat selected honest officials to collect their taxes. Central secretariat officials said: "This year having already ceased printing note blocks, next year it is proposed to print 1,192,000 ingots of Zhiyuan notes and 40,000 ingots of Zhongtong notes." Investigating censor said: "The Ministry of Revenue's note law — yearly accounting of the numbers, exchanging old for new, with the aim of circulation, not exceeding the quota. Recently Doresh, because Shangdu's expenses were insufficient, ordered the offices to carve blocks and print notes; Now that affairs are settled, they should urgently be collected and destroyed." Approved. Investigating censors Saribuhua, Suonan Ba, Yu Qin, and Zhang Shihong said: "In court governance, rewards and punishments come first; when merit and guilt are clear, all under Heaven is thereby settled. In recent years the state, from Temuder's usurping position and monopolizing authority, used punishments and rewards to serve his private ends — discipline first became disordered. Reaching the Taiding reign, enfeoffments and rewards grew ever more excessive. Recently because warfare arose and employment of men was very urgent — yet rewards and punishments cannot but be strict. The height of merit and the weight of fault all depend on the public opinion of all under Heaven. We wish the relevant offices, in accordance with public deliberation, clearly show dismissals and promotions. When merit and guilt are clear and rewards and punishments are appropriate, then the court is pure, discipline is restored, and all under Heaven is governed." The Emperor commended and accepted it. On xinwei day western monks were dispatched to perform Buddhist rites within Xinghe's inner precinct. Temürge's troops entered Xiangyang; this route's officials all fled. Xiangyang County magistrate Gu Tinggui and registrar Zhang De alone did not leave; western troops seized and ordered them to submit; they would not submit and were killed. At the time associate privy council administrator Taqai held troops at Nanyang and did not rescue. On renshen day officials were dispatched to announce sacrifices at the altars of soil and grain. 300 qing of fields at Pingjiang of former grand councillor Heilü and reed lands at Jiaxing were granted to Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri. On guiyou day the eight hundred wives country envoy Zhao Ai, Yunnan Weichu Route native official Nifang and others, and 99 stockade native officials including Biyegu each presented local products in tribute. Yan Temür said: "Formerly when Shangdu raised troops, ten persons including Prince Siri and associate privy council administrator Aqila, facing south toward the palace shouted and clamored; their faction resisted orders and fought in rebellion — the sentiment cannot be pardoned." An edict ordered each flogged 107 strokes, exiled far, and their family property registered for confiscation. On jiaxu day the Empress of Taiding's Onggirad clan was resettled at Dong'an Prefecture. Hangzhou suffered fire; Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat was ordered to relieve disaster-struck households. On yihai day Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri, Prince of Qi Yolqi Temür, and privy council administrator Buqa Temür were each granted 500 taels of gold, 2,500 taels of silver, and 10,000 ingots of notes; Prince Dor Temür 50 taels of gold, 500 taels of silver, and 1,000 ingots of notes; followers and soldiers according to difference. On bingzi day Susu, for accepting bribes, was flogged 107 strokes and exiled to Xiangyang; Because his mother was old, an edict ordered him kept at the capital. On dingchou day, the rite of personally sacrificing at the Imperial Ancestral Temple having been completed, he presided at the Hall of Great Brightness and received homage from princes and civil and military officials. Prince of Jing Yesu Buqan dispatched an envoy with a proclamation to Xiangyang; Temürge led troops and fled. On wuyin day surveillance vice censor Yuelu Buhua was made grand superintendent of imperial blessings. Investigating censors Saribuhua and others said: "Yuelu Buhua has always possessed upright spirit and proper conduct; if Your Majesty wishes to restore censorate authority, none but this man will suffice." Yuelu Buhua was thereupon again made vice censor-in-chief, concurrently grand superintendent of imperial blessings. Buddhist rites were performed at Wutai Temple. Henan and Jiang-Zhe provinces were ordered to augment Huguang with 50,000 troops. On jimao day central secretariat officials said: "Inner and outer officials who reach retirement age should all receive commission edicts according to rank sequence; hereafter memorial need not be made." Approved. Pearl robes of Yesi Temür and Ubaidullah were granted to Sadi and Zhao Shi'an. Han troops of the various guards and able-bodied men of prefectures and counties to whom armor and weapons had been issued — all were ordered returned to the government. On gengchen day envoys were dispatched to respectfully welcome the imperial elder brother Emperor Mingzong from the northern desert. Central Domestic Affairs Court commissioner Jingyan was made central secretariat grand councillor; associate privy council administrator Cheli Temür was made central secretariat left vice chancellor. On xinsi day Qipchaq commanders of hundreds and their soldiers were sent back to garrison. The wives of Toqto and two others were granted to Kukuqu and two others; the fields and houses of 11 persons including Duotai were granted to imperial son-in-law Dobir and 11 others. On renyang day the third prince Baoning was renamed Taipingne; the grand minister of agriculture Maizhu was ordered to nurture him in his household. An edict ordered the mobile privy council to cease troops and return. Surveillance vice censor Yuelu Buhua was made central secretariat right vice chancellor. On guimao day Doresh was executed by beheading; his corpse was dismembered and displayed in the marketplace; Wang Chan was also granted death; Ma Mou, Niudze, Sadirishi, Yesi Temür and others were all displayed and executed in the marketplace. The residences granted to Susu and Yesianier were transferred and granted to imperial son-in-law Jinzhir and wet nurse Yesunjin. On jiashen day Prince of Weishun Kanchi Buqa was ordered back to his garrison at Huguang. Associate censor-in-chief Zhao Shiyan requested resignation on account of old age and illness; this was not granted; following the precedent of former associate censor-in-chief Cui Yu, he was additionally made grand councillor while retaining his prior post. Censorate officials said: "The mobile Bureau of Buddhist Affairs and mobile Directorate of Waterways should be abolished. It was approved. On bingxu day a water-and-land Buddhist assembly was performed. Aruqai Temür and 5 others, who at Shangdu had wished to raise righteous action but failed and died, were all posthumously granted titles and posthumous names, and their families were granted relief. Yan Timur said: "The darughachis of prefectures and counties under the jurisdictions of the Prince of Jin and Prince of Lia and others having already been dismissed, the Imperial Clan Court jarquchi and central secretariat adjudication officials they recommended, being all their private men, should likewise be removed. It was approved. Zhao Shiyan and Hanlin academicians-direct Yu Ji were ordered to compose the censorate stele inscription. Troops of the various guards were each dispatched back to their garrisons. Biebuqa was dismissed. The relevant offices were ordered to investigate and recover advance-salary payments by Shangdu officials. Badu, son of Prince of Lia Toghto, gathered a band and went out plundering; Xuande Prefecture officials were ordered to capture him. Sichuan branch secretariat grand councillor Nangjiatai styled himself Prince Who Pacifies the West; he made his branch left vice chancellor Tuotuo grand councillor, former Yunnan surveillance commissioner Yang Jing left vice chancellor, killed branch grand councillors including Kanchi and other officials, raised troops, and burned and cut off plank roads. Wumeng Route professor Du Yanxiao said: "Under the sage illumination of succession to the throne, the realm within the Four Seas is greatly tranquil; provincial officials should cease arms and enter court, so that harm to one region may be avoided. Nangjiatai, because of his reckless words misleading the multitude, flogged him with 107 blows of the staff and imprisoned him.
11
殿 殿 滿禿 西 使 使 殿 西 宿 使 禿 西 使 西 西 使 西
Twelfth month, on jichou new moon, an investigating censor said Bayan should be rewarded for merit on the same terms as Yan Timur; the Emperor said: "Bayan's merit — my heart knows it; the censor need not speak of it." On gengyin day orders were issued to all offices within and without that for the Heavenly Longevity Festival meat dishes may be prepared, while among the populace slaughter was forbidden as in the former system. The Bureau of Transmission was ordered to rectify the Mongol relay stations. At various passes where commoners' houses had once been demolished for obstruction, notes were granted to the people so they might restore them. On jiawu day Wang Chan's male and female slaves were granted to Prince of Zhennan Tiemur Buqa and Yan Timur. On yiwei day Wang Chan's bows and arrows were granted to Yan Timur and Bayan. Yan Timur requested that the fields and residences of Mashsha and 8 others be granted to Yan Bulin and 8 others; it was approved. On bingwu day the Emperor visited the Great Monastery of Great Blessing, Fortune, and Primordial Origin and paid respects at Wuzong's spirit hall. Orders were separately issued to various monks to perform Buddhist rites at the Great Bright Hall, Extended Spring Pavilion, Xingsheng Palace, Longfu Palace, and Longevity Mountain. Yunnan native officials including Pushuang came to present local products. Censorate officials said: "Yesunie, wherever he led troops, killed officials on his own authority and captured and plundered children, women, and goods and wealth. An edict ordered the Ministry of Justice to try him, confiscate his household property, flog him with 107 blows of the staff, and banish him to Nanning; his wife was ordered to return to her parents' house. On jihai day the empress's jade book and jade seal were made. On gengzi day an amnesty was proclaimed throughout the realm. Prince Mantu was enfeoffed as Prince of Guo; Amalatai was enfeoffed as Prince of Yi; Imperial Clan Court jarquchi Kuokuochu and 16 others were all granted meritorious subject titles and ranks, official grades, titles, and posthumous names; the relevant offices were still ordered to inscribe their merit on steles, and notes were granted to relieve their families. Central secretariat officials said: "Shaanxi branch secretariat and branch censorate officials burned and discarded an imperial edict; by law the crime warrants exile; although they were pardoned by amnesty, it is fitting that they never be employed again. It was approved. On xinchou day the Dragon Wing Guard Personal Army Metropolitan Commander-in-Chief's Office was established, in charge of Kipchak troops, rank upper third grade; 3 commanders were appointed; Yan Timur and Bolanxi and Muohan were made them; the remaining officials were all left to Yan Timur to select men and report. Gaochang monks were ordered to perform Buddhist rites at the Hall of Precious Kindness. Jiangnan branch censor said: "Prince of Lia Toghto, from his grandfather's time onward, has repeatedly rebelled; this is because his enfeoffment is broad and his resources abundant — the princely title should be stripped, his descendants placed in distant regions, and his original fief lands divided up. An edict directed the central secretariat to deliberate the matter with meritorious old ministers. Huo'erhuda and 13 others followed Prince of Xiangning Balashiri in military service; after they were executed, orders were issued to confiscate all their household property. 100 Western monks performed Buddhist rites at Huiyou Pavilion for 7 days. On guimao day the Kipchak and Asud 2 divisions were granted fodder and grain on the same terms as palace guard soldiers. On yisi day Bayan was made grand marshal and commissioner with the Ceremonial Standing Equal to the Three Excellencies; he and Yeliechi were both made censor-in-chief, jointly to strengthen censorate authority; an edict was issued throughout the realm. The Inner Steward Directorate was established, subordinate to the Superintendent of Stored Blessings, rank upper third grade. The fields and residences of Abe and 5 others were granted to princes including Lao and 5 others. Gao Ming, magistrate of Yao Prefecture in Yunnan, came to present local products. On wushen day 150 craftsmen used by the latent residence were entrusted to Prince Alaqtenadara; a Special Works Bureau was established to administer them, rank lower fourth grade. Bayan was further made grand preceptor; privy council director Buqa Temür was made grand marshal; Xiangshan was made minister of works. On jiyou day the wine prohibition at Shangdu was lifted. On renzi day the civilian artisan chief offices of the various routes were combined into a directorship, rank lower fifth grade. On jiayin day investigating supervising censor Sadi and inner attendant Buyan Tugusi were again dispatched to escort the imperial elder brother from the northern desert. Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri and Yan Timur and Tiemur Buqhua each requested to dispatch men to send noted hawks to the imperial whereabouts. Wang Chan's wife's gold, pearls, and head ornaments were returned to the empress's palace. On bingchen day the Grand Blessings Court was raised to lower first grade; central secretariat left vice chancellor Yuegu Buhua was made superintendent of grand blessings. On dingsi day Prince of Xi'an Alaqtenashiri was enfeoffed as Prince of Yu and granted Nankang Route as fief. Chel Temür was promoted to right vice chancellor; associate administrator Yueli Temür was made left vice chancellor; secretariat deliberator Zhao Shi'an was made associate administrator. On wuwu day an edict said: "In commanderies and counties afflicted by warfare, miscellaneous corvée is remitted, wine-brewing is forbidden, and prohibitions on mountain pastures and river marshes are relaxed; Private mutual loans — repayment is to be demanded after the autumn harvest. Mongols and Semu who wish to observe mourning for parents may do so according to the former system. Censorate officials said: "Nangjiatai, resisting orders in the southwest, his crime cannot be pardoned; the commission edicts he was granted should be revoked. Central secretariat officials said: "An edict has just permitted Nangjiatai and others to reform themselves — the censorate's proposal should not be carried out. It was approved. Directorate of Music darughachi Sali'er, during Wuzong's time remotely invested as associate administrator, rank Middle Submissive Grand Master — an edict removed the remotely invested post while retaining his former rank. That month, envoys were again dispatched to summon Yunnan branch secretariat left chancellor Ye'erjini, but again he did not come. Posthumous honors were added for Tang Minister of Works Yan Zhenqing as Duke Wenzhong of Zhenglie; the relevant offices were ordered to perform seasonal sacrifices. Shaanxi from the second year of Taiding until this year had no rain; great famine ensued, and the people ate one another. Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Pingjiang, Huzhou, Zhenjiang, Jiande, Chizhou, Taiping, Guangde, and other routes suffered flooding; more than 14,000 qing of commoners' fields were inundated. Hebei and Shandong had good harvests.
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