1
順帝四
Shundi 4
2
三年春正月丙子，中書左丞許有壬辭職。 丁丑，享於太廟。 乙酉，中書平章政事納麟辭職。 庚寅，沙汰怯薛丹名數。
In the third year, on the bingzi day of the first month of spring, Xu Youren, left vice director of the Secretariat, resigned his post. On the dingchou day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the yiyou day, Nalin, chief minister of the Secretariat, resigned his post. On the gengyin day, the registered rolls of the keshik guard corps were purged.
3
二月戊戌，祭社稷。 甲辰，太陰犯井宿，填星犯牛宿，熒惑犯羅堰。 丁未，立四川省檢校官。 遼陽吾者野人叛。 乙卯，太陰犯氐宿。 是月，汴梁路新鄭、密二縣地震。 寶慶路饑，判官文殊奴以所受敕牒貸官糧萬石賑之。 秦州成紀縣，鞏昌府寧遠、伏羌縣山崩，水湧，溺死人無算。
In the second month, on the wuxu day, sacrifices were offered at the altars of soil and grain. On the jiachen day, the moon transgressed the Well mansion, Saturn transgressed the Ox mansion, and Mars transgressed the Luoyan asterism. On the dingwei day, inspection commissioners for Sichuan Province were established. The Wuzhe barbarians of Liaoyang rebelled. On the yimao day, the moon transgressed the Di mansion. That month, Xinzheng and Mi counties in Bianliang Circuit were struck by an earthquake. Baoqing Circuit was starving. The assistant prefect Wenshunu used the patent of commission he had received to lend ten thousand piculs of official grain for relief. In Chengji County in Qinzhou, and in Ningyuan and Fuqiang counties in Gongchang Prefecture, mountains collapsed and water surged forth, drowning people beyond count.
4
三月壬申，造鹿頂殿。 監察御史成遵等言：「可用終場下第舉人充學正、山長，國學生會試不中者，與終場舉人同。」 戊寅，詔：「作新風憲。 在內之官有不法者，監察御史劾之； 在外之官有不法者，行臺監察御史劾之。 歲以八月終出巡，次年四月中還司。」 壬午，太陰犯氐宿。 是月，詔修遼、金、宋三史，以中書右丞相脫脫為都總裁官，中書平章政事鐵木兒塔識、中書右丞太平、御史中丞張起巖、翰林學士歐陽玄、侍御史呂思誠、翰林侍講學士揭傒斯為總裁官。
In the third month, on the renshen day, the Stag-Peak Hall was constructed. Supervising Secretary Cheng Zun and others submitted: "Candidates who complete the final examination session but fail to pass may be appointed as rectors and mountain chiefs. Students of the National University who fail the metropolitan examination should be treated the same as those who complete the final session." On the wuyin day, an edict stated: "Establish new regulations for the Censorate. Officials within the capital who act unlawfully shall be impeached by the supervising secretaries; officials outside the capital who act unlawfully shall be impeached by the supervising secretaries of the branch secretariat. Each year they shall complete their tour of inspection by the end of the eighth month and return to their offices by the middle of the fourth month of the following year." On the rengwu day, the moon transgressed the Di mansion. That month, an edict ordered the compilation of the histories of Liao, Jin, and Song. Toqto, right chief minister of the Secretariat, was appointed chief compiler; Temür Tash, Taiping, Zhang Qiyan, Ouyang Xuan, Lü Sicheng, and Jie Xisi were appointed compilers.
5
夏四月丙申朔，日有食之。 乙巳，享於太廟。 是月，兩都桑果葉皆生黃色龍文。 車駕時巡上都。
In the fourth month of summer, on the first day bingshen of the month, there was a solar eclipse. On the yisi day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. That month, mulberry and fruit leaves in both capitals bore yellow dragon patterns. The imperial carriage made its seasonal tour to Shangdu.
6
五月，河決白茅口。 六月壬子，命經筵官月進講者三。 是月，回回剌裏五百餘人渡河寇掠解、吉、隰等州。 中書戶部以國用不足，請撙節浮費。
In the fifth month, the Yellow River burst through at Baimao Pass. In the sixth month, on the renzi day, it was ordered that lecturers of the Classics Colloquium present three lectures per month. That month, more than five hundred Hui Muslims crossed the river and raided Jie, Ji, Xi, and other prefectures. The Secretariat and Ministry of Revenue, finding state expenditures insufficient, requested a reduction of superfluous expenses.
7
秋七月丁卯，享於太廟。 戊辰，修大都城。 戊寅，立永昌等處宣慰司。 庚辰，太白犯右執法。 是月，興國路大旱，河南自四月至是月霖雨不止。 戶部復言撙節錢糧。
In the seventh month of autumn, on the dingmao day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the wuchen day, the walls of Dadu were repaired. On the wuyin day, pacification commissions for Yongchang and other places were established. On the gengchen day, Venus transgressed the Right Enforcer. That month, Xingguo Circuit suffered severe drought, while south of the Yellow River rain had fallen without cease from the fourth month until this month. The Ministry of Revenue again reported on economizing money and grain.
8
八月甲午朔，晉寧路臨汾縣獻嘉禾，一莖有八穗者。 命朵思麻同知宣慰司事鎖兒哈等討四川上蓬瑣吃賊。 戊戌，祭社稷。 山東有賊焚掠兗州。 是月，車駕還自上都。 九月甲子，湖廣行省平章政事鞏卜班擒道州、賀州徭賊首唐大二、蔣仁五至京，誅之。 其黨蔣丙，自號順天王，攻破連、桂二州。 甲申，修理太廟，遣官告祭，奉遷神主於後殿。
In the eighth month, on the first day jiawu of the month, Jinfen County in Jinning Circuit presented auspicious grain, one stalk bearing eight ears. Duosima was ordered to serve as associate commissioner of the pacification commission together with Suo'erha and others to campaign against the Shangpeng Suochi bandits in Sichuan. On the wuxu day, sacrifices were offered at the altars of soil and grain. In Shandong, bandits burned and plundered Yanzhou. That month, the imperial carriage returned from Shangdu. In the ninth month, on the jiazi day, Gongbuban, chief minister of the Huguang branch secretariat, captured the Yao bandit chieftains Tang Da'er and Jiang Renwu of Daozhou and Hezhou and sent them to the capital, where they were executed. Their follower Jiang Bing styled himself King Shuntian and overran Lian and Gui prefectures. On the jiashen day, the Imperial Ancestral Temple was repaired. Officials were sent to announce the sacrifice and escort the spirit tablets to the rear hall.
9
冬十月乙未，增立巡防捕盜所於永昌。 丁酉，告祭太廟，奉安神主。 戊戌，帝將祀南郊，告祭太廟。 至寧宗室，問曰：「朕，寧宗兄也，當拜否？」 太常博士劉聞對曰：「寧宗雖弟，其為帝時，陛下為之臣。 春秋時，魯閔公弟也，僖公兄也，閔公先為君，宗廟之祭，未聞僖公不拜。 陛下當拜。」 帝乃拜。 丁未，月食。 己酉，帝親祀上帝於南郊，以太祖配。 癸丑，命僉樞密院事韓元善為中書參知政事，中書參議買木丁同知宣徽院事。 己未，以郊祀禮成，詔大赦天下，文官普減一資，武官升散官一等，蠲民間田租五分，賜高年帛。 以湖廣行省平章政事鞏卜班為宣徽院使，行樞密院知院剌剌為翰林學士承旨。
In the tenth month of winter, on the yiwei day, additional patrol posts for catching bandits were established in Yongchang. On the dingyou day, sacrifice was announced at the Imperial Ancestral Temple and the spirit tablets were enshrined. On the wuxu day, as the emperor was about to sacrifice at the Southern Altar, he announced sacrifice at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. Before the spirit tablet of Emperor Ningzong, he asked: "I am Ningzong's elder brother—should I bow?" Liu Wen, academic director of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, replied: "Although Ningzong was your younger brother, when he was emperor you were his subject. In the Spring and Autumn period, Duke Min of Lu was the younger brother and Duke Xi the elder, yet when Min first became ruler it is not recorded that Xi did not bow at the ancestral sacrifices. Your Majesty should bow." The emperor then bowed. On the dingwei day, there was a lunar eclipse. On the jiyou day, the emperor in person sacrificed to the Supreme Deity at the Southern Altar, with Taizu as associate. On the guichou day, Han Yuanshan, concurrent commissioner of the Privy Council, was appointed vice grand councillor of the Secretariat; Maiding, secretariat consultant, was appointed associate commissioner of the Court of Imperial Treasury. On the jiwei day, because the suburban sacrifice was completed, an edict proclaimed a general amnesty throughout the empire. Civil officials were generally reduced one rank in seniority, military officers were promoted one grade in honorary rank, five-tenths of the year's field tax was remitted, and cloth was bestowed on the aged. Gongbuban was made commissioner of the Court of Imperial Treasury, and Lala, administrator of the branch Privy Council, was made chief Hanlin academician.
10
十一月辛未，享於太廟。
In the eleventh month, on the xinwei day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple.
11
十二月丙申，詔寫金字《藏經》。 丁未，以別兒怯不花為中書左丞相。 是月，膠州及屬邑高密地震。 河南等處民饑，賑糶麥十萬石。 是歲，詔立常平倉，罷民間食鹽。 征遺逸脫因、伯顏、張瑾、杜本，本辭不至。
In the twelfth month, on the bingshen day, an edict ordered transcription of the 《Buddhist Canon》 in gold characters. On the dingwei day, Bierqiebuhua was appointed left chief minister of the Secretariat. That month, Jiaozhou and its subordinate Gaomi county were struck by an earthquake. The people of Henan and other regions were starving. One hundred thousand piculs of wheat were distributed for relief. That year, an edict ordered the establishment of Ever-Normal Granaries and the abolition of private salt sales. The recluses Tuoyin, Bayan, Zhang Jin, and Du Ben were summoned. Du Ben declined and did not come.
12
四年春正月辛未，享於太廟。 辛巳，詔：「定守令黜陟之法，六事備者升一等，四事備者減一資，三事備者平遷，六事俱不備者降一等。」 庚寅，河決曹州，雇夫萬五千八百修築之。 是月，河又決汴梁。
In the fourth year, on the xinwei day of the first month of spring, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the xinsi day, an edict stated: "Establish regulations for the promotion and demotion of prefects and magistrates. Those who fulfill all six criteria shall be promoted one grade; those who fulfill four shall be reduced one rank in seniority; those who fulfill three shall be transferred without change; those who fulfill none of the six shall be demoted one grade." On the gengyin day, the Yellow River burst its banks at Caozhou. Fifteen thousand eight hundred laborers were hired to repair the dikes. That month, the river again burst its banks at Bianliang.
13
二月戊戌，祭社稷。 辛丑，四川行省立惠民藥局。 是月，中書右丞太平升平章政事。
In the second month, on the wuxu day, sacrifices were offered at the altars of soil and grain. On the xinchou day, public welfare pharmacies were established in the Sichuan branch secretariat. That month, Taiping, right vice director of the Secretariat, was promoted to chief minister.
14
閏月辛酉朔，永平、澧州等路饑，賑之。 乙亥，月食。 三月丁酉，復立武功縣。 壬寅，特授八禿麻朵兒只征東行省左丞相，嗣高麗國王。 癸丑，以河南行省平章政事納麟為中書平章政事，集賢大學士姚庸為中書左丞。
In the intercalary month, on the first day xinyou of the month, Yongping, Lizhou, and other circuits were starving and were given relief. On the yihai day, there was a lunar eclipse. In the third month, on the dingyou day, Wugong County was re-established. On the renyin day, Batma Dorji was specially appointed left chief minister of the Eastern Campaign branch secretariat and succeeded to the kingship of Goryeo. On the guichou day, Nalin, chief minister of the Henan branch secretariat, was appointed chief minister of the Secretariat, and Yao Yong, grand academician of the Hall of Gathered Worthies, was appointed left vice director of the Secretariat.
15
夏四月丁亥，復立廣樣局。 是月，車駕時巡上都。
In the fourth month of summer, on the dinghai day, the Broad Pattern Bureau was re-established. That month, the imperial carriage made its seasonal tour to Shangdu.
16
五月乙未，右丞相脫脫辭職，不許； 甲辰，許之，以阿魯圖為中書右丞相。 乙巳，封脫脫為鄭王，食邑安豐，賜金印及海青、文豹等物，俱辭不受。 是月，大霖雨，黃河溢，平地水二丈，決白茅堤、金堤，曹、濮、濟、兗皆被災。 六月戊辰，鞏昌隴西縣饑，每戶貸常平倉粟三斗，俟年豐還官。 己巳，賜脫脫松江田，為立松江等處稻田提領所。
In the fifth month, on the yiwei day, Toqto, right chief minister, resigned his post. The request was not granted. On the jiachen day, it was granted, and Arutu was appointed right chief minister of the Secretariat. On the yisi day, Toqto was enfeoffed as Prince of Zheng with Anfeng as his fief. A gold seal and gifts including sea eagles and patterned leopards were bestowed, but he declined them all. That month, torrential rains fell. The Yellow River overflowed until water on level ground reached two zhang. The Baimao and Jin dikes burst, and Cao, Pu, Ji, and Yan were all stricken by disaster. In the sixth month, on the wuchen day, Longxi County in Gongchang was starving. Each household was lent three dou of grain from the Ever-Normal Granary to be repaid when the harvest was abundant. On the jisi day, fields in Songjiang were granted to Toqto, and a paddy fields supervisory office for Songjiang and other places was established for him.
17
秋七月戊子朔，溫州颶風大作，海水溢，地震。 益都瀕海鹽徒郭火你赤作亂。 己丑，享於太廟。 是月，灤河水溢。
In the seventh month of autumn, on the first day wuzi of the month, a great hurricane struck Wenzhou. Seawater overflowed, and there was an earthquake. Guo Huonichi, a coastal salt laborer in Yidu, rose in rebellion. On the jichou day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. That month, the Luan River overflowed.
18
八月戊午，祭社稷。 丁卯，山東霖雨，民饑相食，賑之。 丙戌，賜脫脫金十錠、銀五十錠、鈔萬錠、幣帛二百匹，辭不受。 是月，陜西行省立惠民藥局。 莒州蒙陰縣地震。 郭火你赤上太行，由陵川入壺關，至廣平，殺兵馬指揮，復還益都。 車駕還自上都。 九月丁亥朔，日有食之。 丙午，命太平提調都水監。 辛亥，以南臺治書侍御史秦從德為江浙行省參知政事，提調海運。 癸丑，命御史大夫也先帖木兒、平章政事鐵木兒塔識知經筵事，右丞達識帖睦邇提調宣文閣、知經筵事。
In the eighth month, on the wuwu day, sacrifices were offered at the altars of soil and grain. On the dingmao day, prolonged rain fell in Shandong. The starving people resorted to cannibalism, and relief was provided. On the bingxu day, Toqto was granted ten ingots of gold, fifty ingots of silver, ten thousand ingots of paper money, and two hundred bolts of silk, but he declined them. That month, public welfare pharmacies were established in the Shaanxi branch secretariat. Mengyin County in Juzhou was struck by an earthquake. Guo Huonichi ascended the Taihang range, entered Huguan by way of Lingchuan, reached Guangping, killed the cavalry commander, and then returned to Yidu. The imperial carriage returned from Shangdu. In the ninth month, on the first day dinghai of the month, there was a solar eclipse. On the bingwu day, Taiping was ordered to supervise the Directorate of Waterways. On the xinhai day, Qin Congde, attending secretary of the southern branch censorate, was appointed vice grand councillor of the Jiangzhe branch secretariat and ordered to supervise sea transport. On the guichou day, Censor-in-Chief Yesun Temur and Chief Minister Temür Tash were ordered to direct the Classics Colloquium, and Vice Director Dash Temur was ordered to supervise the Hall of Promoting Culture and direct the Classics Colloquium.
19
冬十月乙酉，議修黃河、淮河堤堰。
In the tenth month of winter, on the yiyou day, repair of the Yellow River and Huai River dikes was discussed.
20
十一月丁亥朔，以各郡縣民饑，不許抑配食鹽。 復令民入粟補官，以備賑濟。 戊子，禁內外官民宴會不得用珠花。 己亥，保定路饑，以鈔八萬錠、糧萬石賑之。 戊申，河南民饑，禁酒。
In the eleventh month, on the first day dinghai of the month, because the people of the various prefectures and counties were starving, compulsory allocation of salt was forbidden. The people were again ordered to submit grain in exchange for office, to provide funds for relief. On the wuzi day, officials and commoners inside and outside the capital were forbidden to use pearl ornamentation at banquets. On the jihai day, Baoding Circuit was starving. Eighty thousand ingots of paper money and ten thousand piculs of grain were issued for relief. On the wushen day, the people of Henan were starving, and wine was prohibited.
21
十二月己未，四川廉訪司建言：「廣元等五路，廣安等三府，永寧等兩宣撫司，請依內郡設置推官一員。」 從之。 壬戌，太陰犯外屏。 癸亥，漢陽地震。 戊寅，徭賊寇靖州。
In the twelfth month, on the jiwei day, the surveillance commission of Sichuan submitted: "In the five circuits of Guangyuan and elsewhere, the three prefectures of Guang'an and elsewhere, and the two pacification commissions of Yongning and elsewhere, we request that one investigating official be established in each, as in the inner circuits." The request was granted. On the renxu day, the moon transgressed the Outer Screen. On the guihai day, Hanyang was struck by an earthquake. On the wuyin day, Yao bandits raided Jingzhou.
22
是月，東平地震。 禁淫祠。 賑東昌、濟南、般陽、慶元、撫州饑民。 是歲，徭賊寇潯州，同知府事保童率民兵擊走之。 五年春正月辛卯，享於太廟。 是月，薊州地震。
That month, Dongping was struck by an earthquake. Immoral shrines were prohibited. The starving people of Dongchang, Jinan, Panyang, Qingyuan, and Fuzhou were given relief. That year, Yao bandits raided Xunzhou. Baotong, associate prefect, led militia and drove them off. In the fifth year, on the xinmao day of the first month of spring, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. That month, Jizhou was struck by an earthquake.
23
二月戊午，祭社稷。
In the second month, on the wuwu day, sacrifices were offered at the altars of soil and grain.
24
三月辛卯，帝親試進士七十有八人，賜普顏不花、張士堅進士及第，其餘賜出身有差。 是月，以陳思謙參議中書省事。 先是，思謙建言：「所在盜起，蓋由歲饑民貧，宜大發倉廩賑之，以收人心，仍分布重兵鎮撫中夏。」 不聽。 大都、永平、鞏昌、興國、安陸等處並桃溫萬戶府各翼人民饑，賑之。
In the third month, on the xinmao day, the emperor personally examined seventy-eight jinshi candidates. Pu'erbughua and Zhang Shijian were granted jinshi with honors, and the rest received office by rank. That month, Chen Siqian was appointed to participate in secretariat affairs. Previously, Siqian had submitted: "Bandits are rising everywhere because famine has left the people poor. Grain from the storehouses should be liberally issued for relief to win hearts, and heavy troops should be deployed to pacify central China." The proposal was not adopted. Dadu, Yongping, Gongchang, Xingguo, Anlu, and other places, and the people of the various wings of the Taowen Ten Thousand-Households Office, were all starving and were given relief.
25
夏四月丁卯，大都流民，官給路糧，遣其還鄉。 是月，汴梁、濟南、邠州、瑞州等處民饑，賑之。 募富戶出米五十石以上者，旌以義士之號。 車駕時巡上都。
In the fourth month of summer, on the dingmao day, for wandering refugees in Dadu, travel grain was provided by the government and they were sent home. That month, the people of Bianliang, Jinan, Binzhou, Ruizhou, and other places were starving and were given relief. The wealthy were recruited to donate fifty piculs of grain or more and were honored with the title Righteous Gentleman. The imperial carriage made its seasonal tour to Shangdu.
26
五月己丑，詔以軍士所掠雲南子女一千一百人放還鄉里，仍給其行糧，不願歸者聽。 丁未，河間轉運司竈戶被水災，詔權免余鹽二萬引，候年豐補還官。 六月，廬州張順興出米五百餘石賑饑，旌其門。
In the fifth month, on the jichou day, an edict ordered that one thousand one hundred men and women seized in Yunnan by soldiers be released to return home. Travel grain was still provided, and those unwilling to return were permitted to stay. On the dingwei day, the salt wells of the Hejian transport office suffered flood damage. An edict temporarily exempted twenty thousand surplus salt certificates, to be repaid when the harvest was abundant. In the sixth month, Zhang Shunxing of Luzhou donated more than five hundred piculs of grain for famine relief, and his gate was honored.
27
秋七月丁亥，河決濟陰。 己丑，享於太廟。 丙午，命也先帖木兒、鐵木兒塔識並為御史大夫。 詔作新風紀。
In the seventh month of autumn, on the dinghai day, the Yellow River burst its banks at Jiyin. On the jichou day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the bingwu day, Yesun Temur and Temür Tash were both appointed censor-in-chief. An edict ordered the establishment of new regulations on conduct.
28
八月戊午，祭社稷。 是月，車駕還自上都。 九月辛巳朔，日有食之。 戊戌，開酒禁。 辛丑，以中書右丞達識帖睦邇為翰林學士承旨，中書參知政事搠思監為右丞，資政院使朵兒直班為中書參知政事。 是月，革罷奧魯。
In the eighth month, on the wuwu day, sacrifices were offered at the altars of soil and grain. That month, the imperial carriage returned from Shangdu. In the ninth month, on the first day xinsi of the month, there was a solar eclipse. On the wuxu day, the prohibition on wine was lifted. On the xinchou day, Dash Temur, right vice director of the Secretariat, was appointed chief Hanlin academician; Suosijian, vice grand councillor of the Secretariat, was appointed right vice director; and Dorjiban, commissioner of the Bureau of Excellent Governance, was appointed vice grand councillor of the Secretariat. That month, the aoru offices were abolished.
29
冬十月壬子，以中書平章政事太平為御史大夫。 乙卯，享於太廟。 辛酉，命奉使宣撫巡行天下，詔曰：
In the tenth month of winter, on the renzi day, Taiping, chief minister of the Secretariat, was appointed censor-in-chief. On the yimao day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the xinyou day, commissioners were ordered to tour the realm as pacification envoys. The edict stated:
30
朕自踐祚以來，至今十有餘年，托身億兆之上，端居九重之中，耳目所及，豈能周知？ 故雖夙夜憂勤，覬安黎庶，而和氣未臻，災眚時作，聲教未洽，風俗未淳，吏弊未祛，民瘼滋甚。 豈承宣之寄，糾劾之司，奉行有所未至歟？ 若稽先朝成憲，遣官分道奉使宣撫，布朕德意，詢民疾苦，疏滌冤滯，蠲除煩苛。 體察官吏賢否，明加黜陟，有罪者，四品以上停職申請，五品以下就便處決。 民間一切興利除害之事，悉聽舉行。
"Since I ascended the throne, more than ten years have passed. Resting above the hundred million, dwelling at ease within the ninefold palace, what my eyes and ears reach—how could I know it all?" "Therefore, though I toil in concern from dawn to dusk, hoping to settle the common people, harmonious qi has not yet arrived, disasters and portents arise in season, sound instruction has not yet spread, customs are not yet pure, official abuses are not yet removed, and the people's afflictions grow ever worse." "Is it perhaps that those entrusted with proclaiming my will and the offices charged with impeachment have not fully carried out their duties?" "Following the established statutes of former reigns, officials shall be sent on separate routes as pacification envoys to spread my virtuous intent, inquire into the people's hardships, clear away accumulated wrongs, and remit oppressive exactions." "They shall investigate whether officials are worthy or not and clearly promote or demote them. For the guilty, those of the fourth rank and above shall be suspended from office pending application; those of the fifth rank and below shall be dealt with on the spot." "All matters throughout the realm that benefit the people or remove harm shall be permitted to be undertaken."
31
命江西行省左丞忽都不丁、吏部尚書何執禮巡兩浙江東道，前雲南行省右丞散散、將作院使王士弘巡江西福建道，大都路達魯花赤拔實、江浙行省參知政事秦從德巡江南湖廣道，吏部尚書定僧、宣政僉院魏景道巡河南江北道，資政院使蠻子、兵部尚書李獻巡燕南山東道，兵部尚書不花、樞密院判官靳義巡河東陜西道，宣政院同知伯家奴、宣徽僉院王也速叠兒巡山北遼東道，荊湖北道宣慰使阿乞剌、兩淮運使杜德遠巡雲南省，上都留守阿牙赤、陜西行省左丞王紳巡甘肅永昌道，大都留守答爾麻失裏、河南行省參知政事王守誠巡四川省，前西臺中丞定定、集賢侍講學士蘇天爵巡京畿道，平江路達魯花赤左答納失裏、都水監賈惟貞巡海北海南廣東道。 黃河泛溢。 辛未，遼、金、宋三史成，右丞相阿魯圖進之，帝曰：「史既成書，前人善者，朕當取以為法，惡者取以為戒，然豈止激勸為君者，為臣者亦當知之。 卿等其體朕心，以前代善惡為勉。」 己卯，監察御史不答失裏請罷造作不急之務。 是月，以呂思誠為中書參知政事。
Orders were issued: Hu Dubai, left vice director of the Jiangxi branch secretariat, and He Zhili, minister of personnel, to tour the two Zhejiangs and Jiangdong circuit; Sansan, former right vice director of the Yunnan branch secretariat, and Wang Shihong, commissioner of the directorate of construction, to tour Jiangxi and Fujian circuit; Bashi, darughachi of Dadu, and Qin Congde, vice grand councillor of the Jiangzhe branch secretariat, to tour Jiangnan and Huguang circuit; Dingseng, minister of personnel, and Wei Jingdao, vice commissioner of the bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan affairs, to tour Henan and Jiangbei circuit; Manzi, commissioner of the bureau of excellent governance, and Li Xian, minister of war, to tour Yanshan and Shandong circuit; Buhua, minister of war, and Jin Yi, judge of the privy council, to tour Hedong and Shaanxi circuit; Berkanu, associate commissioner of the bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan affairs, and Wang Yisudier, vice commissioner of the court of imperial treasury, to tour Shanbei and Liaodong circuit; Aqili, pacification commissioner of Jinghu North circuit, and Du Deyuan, transport commissioner of the two Huai, to tour Yunnan province; Ayachi, commander of the upper capital garrison, and Wang Shen, left vice director of the Shaanxi branch secretariat, to tour Gansu and Yongchang circuit; Darmashili, commander of the Dadu garrison, and Wang Shoucheng, vice grand councillor of the Henan branch secretariat, to tour Sichuan province; Dingding, former vice censor-in-chief of the western branch, and Su Tianjue, Hanlin attending academician, to tour the capital circuit; Zuodanashili, darughachi of Pingjiang, and Jia Weizhen, commissioner of the directorate of waterways, to tour Haibei, Hainan, and Guangdong circuit. The Yellow River overflowed. On the xinwei day, the histories of Liao, Jin, and Song were completed. Arutu, right chief minister, presented them. The emperor said: "Now that the histories are completed, where the men of old did well, I shall take them as models; where they did ill, I shall take them as warnings. Yet this is not only to encourage rulers—ministers too should know them. You ministers should take my heart as your own and take the good and ill of former ages as your admonition." On the jimao day, supervising secretary Budaqili requested that non-urgent construction projects be halted. That month, Lü Sicheng was appointed vice grand councillor of the Secretariat.
32
十一月甲午，《至正條格》成。 奉元路陳望叔偽稱燕帖古思太子，伏誅。
In the eleventh month, on the jiawu day, the 《Zhengzheng Statutes》 were completed. Chen Wangshu of Fengyuan Circuit falsely claimed to be Prince Yantughus and was executed.
33
十二月丁巳，詔定薦舉守令法。 是歲，宣徽院使篤憐鐵穆邇知樞密院事，馮思溫為御史中丞。
In the twelfth month, on the dingsi day, an edict established regulations for recommending prefects and magistrates. That year, Dolintemur, commissioner of the Court of Imperial Treasury, was made director of the Bureau of Military Affairs, and Feng Siwen was made vice censor-in-chief.
34
六年春二月庚戌朔，日有食之。 辛未，興國雨雹，大者如馬首。 是月，山東地震，七日乃止。
In the sixth year, on the first day gengxu of the second month of spring, there was a solar eclipse. On the xinwei day, hail fell in Xingguo; the largest stones were the size of a horse's head. That month, Shandong was struck by an earthquake that continued for seven days before ceasing.
35
三月辛未，盜扼李開務之閘河，劫商旅船。 兩淮運使宋文瓚言：「世皇開會通河千有餘里，歲運米至京者五百萬石。 今騎賊不過四十人，劫船三百艘而莫能捕，恐運道阻塞，乞選能臣率壯勇千騎捕之。」 不聽。 戊申，京畿盜起，范陽縣請增設縣尉及巡警兵，從之。 山東盜起，詔中書參知政事鎖南班至東平鎮遏。 八番龍宜來進馬。
In the third month, on the xinwei day, bandits seized control of the sluice canal at Likaiwu and plundered merchant and traveler boats. Song Wenchan, transport commissioner of the two Huai, submitted: "The Shizu emperor opened the Huitong Canal for more than a thousand li; each year five million piculs of grain were transported to the capital. Now mounted bandits number no more than forty, yet they have plundered three hundred boats without being captured. I fear the transport route will be blocked and beg that a capable minister be chosen to lead a thousand brave horsemen to capture them." The request was not adopted. On the wushen day, bandits rose in the capital region. Fanyang County requested additional county captains and patrol troops, and the request was granted. Bandits rose in Shandong. An edict ordered Suonanban, vice grand councillor of the Secretariat, to go to Dongping to suppress them. Longyi of the Eight Circuits came to present horses.
36
夏四月壬子，遼陽為捕海東青煩擾，吾者野人及水達達皆叛。 癸丑，以長吉為皇太子宮傅官。 頒《至正條格》於天下。 甲寅，以中書參知政事呂思誠為左丞。 乙卯，享於太廟。 丁卯，車駕時巡上都。 發米二十萬石賑糶貧民。 萬戶買住等討吾者野人遇害，詔恤其家。 以中書左丞呂思誠知經筵事。 命左右二司、六部吏屬於午後講習經史。
In the fourth month of summer, on the renzi day, because the pursuit of eastern sea hawks in Liaoyang caused great harassment, the Wuzhe barbarians and the Shuidada all rebelled. On the guichou day, Changji was appointed tutor to the heir apparent. The 《Zhengzheng Statutes》 were promulgated throughout the empire. On the jiayin day, Lü Sicheng, vice grand councillor of the Secretariat, was appointed left vice director. On the yimao day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the dingmao day, the imperial carriage made its seasonal tour to Shangdu. Two hundred thousand piculs of grain were issued to sell at relief prices to the poor. Maizhu and others of the Ten Thousand-Households Office, campaigning against the Wuzhe barbarians, were killed. An edict ordered relief for their families. Lü Sicheng, left vice director of the Secretariat, was ordered to direct the Classics Colloquium. It was ordered that clerks of the left and right offices and the six ministries study the classics and histories in the afternoon.
37
五月壬午，陜西饑，禁酒。 象州盜起。 江西田賦提舉司擾民，罷之。 丁亥，盜竊太廟神主。 遣火兒忽答討吾者野人。 丁酉，以黃河決，立河南山東都水監。 六月己酉，汀州連城縣民羅天麟、陳積萬叛，陷長汀縣，福建元帥府經歷真寶、萬戶廉和尚等討之。 丁巳，詔以雲南賊死可伐盜據一方，侵奪路甸，命亦禿渾為雲南行省平章政事討之。
In the fifth month, on the renwu day, Shaanxi was starving, and wine was prohibited. Bandits rose in Xiangzhou. The Jiangxi field-tax supervisory office harassed the people and was abolished. On the dinghai day, bandits stole the spirit tablets of the Imperial Ancestral Temple. Huorhuqa was sent to campaign against the Wuzhe barbarians. On the dingyou day, because the Yellow River had burst its banks, the Henan-Shandong directorate of waterways was established. In the sixth month, on the jiyou day, Luo Tianlin and Chen Jiwang of Liancheng County in Tingzhou rebelled and captured Changting County. Zhenbao, administrator of the Fujian marshal's office, and Lianheshang of the Ten Thousand-Households Office, among others, campaigned against them. On the dingsi day, an edict stated that the Yunnan bandit Sikewa had seized a region by force and encroached upon the route districts. Yitughun was appointed chief minister of the Yunnan branch secretariat to campaign against him.
38
秋七月己卯，享於太廟。 丙戌，以遼陽吾者野人等未靖，命太保伯撒裏為遼陽行省左丞相鎮之。 丁亥，降詔招諭死可伐。 散毛洞蠻覃全在叛，招降之，以為散毛誓厓等處軍民宣撫使，置官屬，給宣敕、虎符，設立驛鋪。 癸巳，詔選怯薛官為路、府、縣達魯花赤。 丙申，以朵兒直班為中書右丞，答兒麻為參知政事。 壬寅，以御史大夫亦憐真班等知經筵事。 甲辰，京畿奉使宣撫定定奏言御史撒八兒等罪，杖黜之。 時諸道奉使，皆與臺憲互相掩蔽，惟定定與湖廣道拔實糾舉無避。
In the seventh month of autumn, on the jimao day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the bingxu day, because the Wuzhe barbarians of Liaoyang and others were not yet pacified, Grand Guardian Barsari was appointed left chief minister of the Liaoyang branch secretariat to suppress them. On the dinghai day, an edict was issued to summon and persuade Sikewa. Tan Quanzai of the Sanmao Cave barbarians rebelled. He was summoned to surrender and appointed pacification commissioner for Sanmao, Shiya, and other places. Staff were established, patents and tiger tallies were granted, and relay stations were set up. On the guisi day, an edict ordered the selection of keshik officials as darughachi for circuits, prefectures, and counties. On the bingshen day, Dorjiban was appointed right vice director of the Secretariat, and Darmashiri was appointed vice grand councillor. On the renyin day, Censor-in-Chief Yilinjinban and others were ordered to direct the Classics Colloquium. On the jiachen day, Dingding, pacification envoy of the capital region, reported the crimes of Censor Saba'er and others. They were beaten and dismissed. At the time, envoys of the various circuits all shielded one another together with the censorate, but only Dingding and Bashi of the Huguang circuit impeached without evasion.
39
八月丙午朔，命江浙行省右丞忽都不花、江西行省右丞禿魯統軍合討羅天麟。 戊申，祭社稷。 是月，車駕還自上都。 九月乙酉，克復長汀。 戊子，邵武地震，有聲如鼓，至夜復鳴。
In the eighth month, on the first day bingwu of the month, Hu Dubai, right vice director of the Jiangzhe branch secretariat, and Tulu, right vice director of the Jiangxi branch secretariat, were ordered to command troops jointly to campaign against Luo Tianlin. On the wushen day, sacrifices were offered at the altars of soil and grain. That month, the imperial carriage returned from Shangdu. In the ninth month, on the yiyou day, Changting was recovered. On the wuzi day, Shaowu was struck by an earthquake. There was a sound like drums, and at night it sounded again.
40
冬十月，思、靖徭寇犯武岡，詔湖廣省臣及湖南宣慰元帥完者帖木兒討之，俘斬數百級，徭賊敗走。
In the tenth month of winter, Yao bandits of Si and Jing raided Wugang. An edict ordered officials of Huguang province and Wanzhe Temur, pacification marshal of Hunan, to campaign against them. Several hundred were captured and beheaded, and the Yao bandits were defeated and fled.
41
閏月乙亥朔，詔赦天下，免差稅三分，水旱之地全免。 靖州徭賊吳天保陷黔陽。 癸未，汀州賊徒羅德用殺首賊羅天麟、陳積萬，以首級送官，余黨悉平。
In the intercalary month, on the first yihai day, an edict proclaimed a general amnesty throughout the empire, exempting three-tenths of corvée and tax levies, with full remission in flood- and drought-stricken areas. Wu Tianbao, a Yao bandit from Jingzhou, captured Qianyang. On the guiwei day, Luo Deyong, a bandit follower in Tingzhou, killed the chief bandits Luo Tianlin and Chen Jiwang, sent their heads to the authorities, and all remaining accomplices were suppressed.
42
十二月丁丑，省臣改擬明宗母壽童皇后徽號曰莊獻嗣聖皇后。 己卯，改立山東東西道宣慰使司都元帥府，開設屯田，駐軍馬。 甲申，詔復立大護國仁王寺昭應宮財用規運總管府，凡貸民間錢二十六萬餘錠。 辛卯，有司以賞賚泛濫，奏請恩賜必先經省、臺、院定擬。 甲午，設立海剌禿屯田二處。 詔：「犯贓罪之人，常選不用。」 復立八百宣慰司，以土官韓部襲其父爵。 辛丑，以吉剌班為太尉，開府，置僚屬。 壬寅，山東、河南盜起，遣左、右阿速衛指揮不兒國等討之。 是歲，黃河決。 尚書李絅請躬祀郊廟，近正人，遠邪佞，以崇陽抑陰，不聽。
In the twelfth month, on the dingchou day, provincial officials revised the honorific title of Empress Shoutong, mother of Mingzong, to Empress Zhuangxian Sisheng. On the jimao day, the pacification commissioner's office and chief-marshal headquarters of the Eastern and Western Shandong Circuit was reorganized, garrison colonization fields were established, and troops were stationed there. On the jiashen day, an edict restored the financial planning and transport commission for the Great State-Protecting Temple of the Benevolent King's Zhaoying Palace, totaling over two hundred sixty thousand ingots in loans to the populace. On the xinmao day, because rewards and stipends had grown indiscriminate, officials petitioned that imperial favors must first be reviewed by the Secretariat, Censorate, and Palace Service. On the jiawu day, two garrison colonization fields were established at Hailatu. An edict stated: "Persons guilty of corruption shall be barred from regular appointment. The Pacification Commission of Baibu was re-established, with the native official Han Bu succeeding to his father's title. On the xinchou day, Jirban was appointed grand commandant, opened a commandery office, and staff officials were appointed. On the renyin day, bandits rose in Shandong and Henan, and Buriguo and others, commanders of the Left and Right Asud Guard, were dispatched to campaign against them. That year the Yellow River burst its banks. Minister Li Shen requested that the emperor personally perform sacrifices at the suburban altars and ancestral temple, draw near upright persons, keep far from wicked flatterers, and exalt yang while repressing yin. The request was not adopted.
43
七年春正月甲辰朔，日有食之。 大寒而風，朝官仆者數人。 己酉，享於太廟。 壬子，命中書左丞相別兒怯不花為右丞相，尋辭職。 丁巳，復立東路都蒙古軍都元帥府。 庚申，雲南老丫等蠻來降，立老丫耿凍路軍民總管府。 丙寅，以廣西宣慰使章伯顏討徭、獠有功，升湖廣行省左丞。 詔以怯薛丹支給浩繁，除累朝定額外，悉罷之。
In the seventh year, on the first jiachen day of the first month of spring, there was a solar eclipse. Bitter cold and wind blew several court officials off their feet. On the jiyou day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the renzi day, Bers Bekbunaq was appointed from left to right chief minister of the Secretariat. He soon resigned his post. On the dingsi day, the chief-marshal headquarters of the Eastern Route Mongol Army was re-established. On the gengshen day, the Lao Ya and other peoples of Yunnan came to surrender, and the general military-civilian administration of the Lao Ya Gengdong Route was established. On the bingyin day, Zhang Boyan, pacification commissioner of Guangxi, who had distinguished himself campaigning against the Yao and Liao, was promoted to left vice director of the Huguang branch secretariat. An edict stated that because keshik stipends had grown excessively numerous, all payments beyond the fixed quotas of successive reigns were abolished.
44
二月甲戌朔，興聖宮作佛事，賜鈔二千錠。 己卯，山東地震，壞城郭，棣州有聲如雷。 河南、山東盜蔓延濟寧、滕、邳、徐州等處。 庚辰，以中書參知政事鎖南班為中書右丞，道童為中書參知政事。 丙戌，以宦者伯帖木兒為司徒。 是月，徭賊吳天保寇沅州。 以阿吉剌為知樞密院事，整治軍務。
In the second month, on the first jiaxu day, Buddhist rites were performed at the Xingsheng Palace, and two thousand ingots of paper money were bestowed. On the jimao day, Shandong was struck by an earthquake that destroyed city walls. In Di Prefecture the sound was like thunder. Bandits in Henan and Shandong spread into Jining, Teng, Pi, Xuzhou, and other places. On the gengchen day, Suonamban was appointed right vice director of the Secretariat, and Daotong was appointed vice director of the Secretariat. On the bingxu day, the eunuch Botemur was appointed minister over the masses. That month, the Yao bandit Wu Tianbao raided Yuan Prefecture. Azhila was appointed director of the Bureau of Military Affairs to rectify military affairs.
45
三月甲辰，中書省臣言：「世祖之朝，省、臺、院奏事，給事中專掌之，以授國史纂修。 近年廢弛，恐萬世之後，一代成功無從稽考，乞復舊制。」 從之。 乙巳，遣使銓選雲南官員。 修光天殿。 庚戌，試國子監，會食弟子員，選補路府及各衛學正。 戊午，詔編《六條政類》。 庚申，監察御史王士點劾集賢大學士吳直方躐進官階，奪其宣命，乙丑，雲南王孛羅來獻死可伐之捷。 壬申，遣使修上都大乾元寺。 命有司定吊賻諸王、公主、駙馬禮儀之數。
In the third month, on the jiachen day, officials of the Secretariat stated: "In the reign of Shizu, memorials from the Secretariat, Censorate, and Palace Service were handled by the supervising secretary and delivered to the national history compilers. In recent years this practice has fallen into disuse. I fear that generations hence the achievements of an entire age will have no means of verification, and beg that the old system be restored." The request was granted. On the yisi day, envoys were dispatched to select and appoint officials in Yunnan. The Hall of Radiant Heaven was repaired. On the gengxu day, the National University was examined, and student members who shared communal meals were selected and appointed as rectors of routes, prefectures, and the various guards. On the wuwu day, an edict ordered the compilation of the 《Six Categories of Governance》. On the gengshen day, Supervising Censor Wang Shidian impeached Wu Zhifang, grand academician of the Academy of Scholarly Worthies, for leapfrogging in official rank and had his commission revoked. On the yichou day, Prince Boluo of Yunnan came to present news of victory over Sikewa. On the renshen day, envoys were dispatched to repair the Great Qianyuan Temple at Shangdu. Officials were ordered to determine the prescribed rituals and amounts for mourning gifts to princes, princesses, and imperial sons-in-law.
46
夏四月乙亥，命江浙省臣講究役法。 己卯，享於太廟。 辛巳，遣達本、賀方使於占城。 以通政院使朵郎吉兒為遼陽行省參知政事，討吾者野人。 己丑，發米二十萬石賑糶貧民。 以翰林學士承旨定住為中書右丞。 庚寅，復命別兒怯不花為中書右丞相。 以中書平章政事鐵木兒塔識為左丞相。 臨清、廣平、灤河等處盜起，遣兵捕之。 通州盜起，監察御史言：「通州密邇京城，而盜賊蜂起，宜增兵討之，以杜其源。」 不聽。 是月，河東大旱，民多饑死，遣使賑之。 車駕時巡上都。
In the fourth month of summer, on the yihai day, officials of the Jiang-Zhe province were ordered to investigate corvée regulations. On the jimao day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the xinsi day, Daben and Hefang were dispatched as envoys to Champa. Duolangjir, director of the Bureau of Transmission, was appointed vice director of the Liaoyang branch secretariat to campaign against the Wuzhe barbarians. On the jichou day, two hundred thousand shi of grain was issued and sold at relief prices to impoverished people. Dingzhu, academician expositor of the Hanlin Academy, was appointed right vice director of the Secretariat. On the gengyin day, Bers Bekbunaq was again appointed right chief minister of the Secretariat. Temür Tash, chief minister of the Secretariat, was appointed left chief minister. Bandits rose in Linqing, Guangping, Luan River, and other places, and troops were dispatched to capture them. Bandits rose in Tongzhou. A supervising censor stated: "Tongzhou lies close to the capital, yet bandits are swarming forth. Additional troops should be sent to campaign against them and cut off the source." The proposal was not adopted. That month, the region east of the Yellow River suffered severe drought, and many people died of starvation. Envoys were dispatched to provide relief. The imperial carriage made its seasonal tour to Shangdu.
47
五月庚戌，徭賊吳天保陷武岡路，詔遣湖廣行省右丞沙班統軍討之。 乙丑，右丞相別兒怯不花，以調燮失宜、災異叠見罷，詔以太保就第。 是月，臨淄地震，七日乃止。 六月，詔免太師馬劄兒臺官，安置西寧州，其子脫脫請與父俱行。 以御史大夫太平為中書平章政事。 彰德路大饑，民相食。
In the fifth month, on the gengxu day, the Yao bandit Wu Tianbao captured Wugang Route. An edict dispatched Sha Ban, right vice director of the Huguang branch secretariat, to lead troops and campaign against him. On the yichou day, right chief minister Bers Bekbunaq was dismissed for improper coordination and the repeated appearance of omens. An edict appointed him grand preceptor and ordered him to his residence. That month, Linzi was struck by an earthquake that continued for seven days before stopping. In the sixth month, an edict dismissed Mazhiltai, grand preceptor, from his post and ordered him settled in Xining Prefecture. His son Toqto requested to accompany his father. Taiping, censor-in-chief, was appointed chief minister of the Secretariat. Zhangde Route suffered great famine, and the people resorted to cannibalism.
48
秋七月甲寅，召隱士完者圖、執禮哈瑯為翰林待制，張樞、董立為翰林修撰，李孝先為著作郎。 張樞不至。 丙辰，太陰犯壘壁陣。 丁巳，以江南行臺大夫納麟為御史大夫。
In the seventh month of autumn, on the jiayin day, the recluses Wanzhe Tu and Zhili Halang were summoned and appointed Hanlin attendants-in-waiting; Zhang Shu and Dong Li were appointed Hanlin compilers; and Li Xiaoxian was appointed secretariat drafter. Zhang Shu did not come. On the bingchen day, the moon transgressed the Encampment Wall formation. On the dingsi day, Nalin, chief commissioner of the Jiangnan branch secretariat, was appointed censor-in-chief.
49
冬十月辛未，享於太廟。 丁丑，詔：「左右丞相、平章、樞密知院、御史大夫，得賜玉押字印，余官不與。」 庚辰，詔建木華黎、伯顏祠堂於東平。 丙戌，亦憐只答兒反，遣兵討之。 辛卯，開東華射圃。 戊戌，西番盜起，凡二百餘所，陷哈剌火州，劫供禦蒲萄酒，殺使臣。 是月，徭賊吳天保復寇沅州，州兵擊走之。
In the tenth month of winter, on the xinwei day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the dingchou day, an edict stated: "The left and right chief ministers, chief ministers, directors of the Bureau of Military Affairs, and censor-in-chief may be granted jade character-press seals. Other officials are not to receive them. On the gengchen day, an edict ordered the construction of ancestral halls for Muqali and Bayan at Dongping. On the bingxu day, Yilinzhidaer rebelled, and troops were dispatched to campaign against him. On the xinmao day, the Eastern Hua Archery Ground was opened. On the wuxu day, bandits rose in Xifan at more than two hundred places, capturing Harahuo Prefecture, plundering imperial tribute wine, and killing envoys. That month, the Yao bandit Wu Tianbao again raided Yuan Prefecture, and prefecture troops drove him off.
50
十一月辛丑，監察御史曲曲，以宦者隴普憑藉寵幸，驟升榮祿大夫，追封三代，田宅逾制，上疏劾之。 甲辰，沿江盜起，剽掠無忌，有司莫能禁。 兩淮運使宋文瓚上言：「江陰、通泰，江海之門戶，而鎮江、真州次之，國初設萬戶府以鎮其地。 今戍將非人，致使賊艦往來無常。 集慶花山劫賊才三十六人，官軍萬數，不能進討，反為所敗，後竟假手鹽徒，雖能成功，豈不貽笑！ 宜亟選智勇，以任兵柄，以圖後功。 不然，東南五省租稅之地，恐非國家之有。」 不聽。 撥山東地土十六萬二千餘頃屬大承天護聖寺。 乙巳，中書戶部言：「各處水旱，田禾不收，湖廣、雲南盜賊蜂起，兵費不給，而各位怯薛冗食甚多，乞賜分柬。」 帝牽於眾請，令三年後減之。 庚戌，太陰犯天廩。 懷慶路饑。 徭賊吳天保復陷武岡，命湖廣行省平章政事茍爾領兵討之。 以河決，命工部尚書迷兒馬哈謨行視金堤。 甲寅，徭賊吳天保陷靖州，命威順王寬徹不花、鎮南王孛羅不花及湖廣、江西二省以兵討之。 丁巳，命中書平章政事太平為左丞相，辭，不允。 戊午，命河南、山東都府發兵討湖廣洞蠻。 己未，以中書省平章政事韓嘉訥為陜西行臺御史大夫。 迤北荒旱缺食，遣使賑濟驛戶。 丁卯，海北、湖南徭賊竊發，兩月餘，有司不以聞，詔罪之，並降散官一等。 是月，馬劄兒臺薨，召脫脫還京師。
In the eleventh month, on the xinchou day, Supervising Censor Ququ submitted a memorial impeaching the eunuch Longpu for relying on imperial favor to be suddenly promoted to grand master of splendid happiness, ennobling three generations posthumously, and exceeding regulations in fields and residences. On the jiachen day, bandits rose along the river and pillaged without restraint, and local officials could not suppress them. Song Wenhan, transport commissioner of the Two Huai, submitted: "Jiangyin and Tongtai are the gateways of the rivers and sea, with Zhenjiang and Zhenzhou ranking next. At the founding of the dynasty, wanhu garrisons were established to guard these places. Now the garrison commanders are unworthy, causing bandit vessels to come and go without restraint. At Huashan in Jiqing, the plundering bandits numbered only thirty-six, yet government troops in the tens of thousands could not advance against them and were instead defeated. Success came only through relying on salt smugglers — what a laughingstock! Wise and brave men should urgently be selected to hold military authority and plan future accomplishments. Otherwise, the rent- and tax-producing lands of the five southeastern provinces may no longer belong to the state." The proposal was not adopted. More than one hundred sixty-two thousand qing of land in Shandong was allocated to the Grand Chengtian State-Protecting Sacred Temple. On the yisi day, the Secretariat Revenue Office stated: "Everywhere there are floods and droughts, the grain harvest has failed, bandits are swarming in Huguang and Yunnan, military expenses cannot be met, and the various keshik have excessive redundant stipends. I beg that assignments be divided and curtailed. The emperor, swayed by numerous petitions, ordered that reductions take effect after three years. On the gengxu day, the moon transgressed the Celestial Storehouse. Huaqing Route was starving. The Yao bandit Wu Tianbao again captured Wugang, and Gou Er, chief minister of the Huguang branch secretariat, was ordered to lead troops and campaign against him. Because the Yellow River had burst its banks, Mir Mahmud, minister of the Ministry of Works, was ordered to inspect the Golden Dike. On the jiayin day, the Yao bandit Wu Tianbao captured Jingzhou. The Prince of Weishun Wanchebuhua, the Prince of Zhennan Boluobuhua, and the two provinces of Huguang and Jiangxi were ordered to campaign against him with troops. On the dingsi day, Taiping, chief minister of the Secretariat, was appointed left chief minister. He resigned, but the request was not granted. On the wuwu day, the chief military commissions of Henan and Shandong were ordered to dispatch troops to campaign against the cave barbarians of Huguang. On the jiwei day, Han Jiana, chief minister of the Secretariat, was appointed censor-in-chief of the Shaanxi branch secretariat. In the far north, drought caused food shortages, and envoys were dispatched to provide relief to postal households. On the dingmao day, Yao bandits secretly rose in Haibei and Hunan. For more than two months local officials did not report it, and an edict punished them and reduced their honorary rank by one grade. That month, Mazhiltai died, and Toqto was summoned back to the capital.
51
八年春正月戊戌朔，命也先帖木兒知樞密院事。 丁未，享於太廟。 辛亥，黃河決，遷濟寧路於濟州。 詔：「各官府諳練事務之人，毋得遷調。」 詔翰林國史院纂修后妃、功臣列傳，學士承旨張起巖、學士楊宗瑞、侍講學士黃溍為總裁官，左丞相太平、左丞呂思誠領其事。 甲子，木憐等處大雪，羊馬凍死，賑之。 是月，詔給銅虎符，以宮尉完者不花、貴赤衛副指揮使壽山監湖廣軍。 命湖廣行省右丞禿赤、湖南宣慰都元帥完者帖木兒討莫磐洞諸蠻，斬首數百級，其餘二十餘洞，縛其洞首楊鹿五赴京師。
In the eighth year, on the first wuxu day of the first month of spring, Yesan Temur was appointed director of the Bureau of Military Affairs. On the dingwei day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the xinhai day, the Yellow River burst its banks, and Jining Route was relocated to Jizhou. An edict stated: "Persons in each government office who are skilled in their duties shall not be transferred or reassigned. An edict ordered the Hanlin Academy and National History Bureau to compile biographies of empresses and meritorious ministers. Academician Expositors Zhang Qiyan and Yang Zongrui and Hanlin Expositor Huang Jin were appointed chief compilers, and Left Chief Minister Taiping and Left Vice Director Lü Sicheng were placed in charge. On the jiazi day, heavy snow fell at Mulin and other places, sheep and horses froze to death, and relief was provided. That month, an edict granted bronze tiger tallies appointing Palace Guard Wanzhebuhua and Vice Commander Shoushan of the Imperial Guard to supervise the Huguang army. Tuochi, right vice director of the Huguang branch secretariat, and Wanzhe Temur, pacification marshal of Hunan, were ordered to campaign against the barbarians of the Mo Pan caves. Several hundred heads were taken, and the chieftain Yang Luwu of the remaining twenty-odd caves was bound and sent to the capital.
52
二月癸酉，御史大夫納麟加太尉致仕。 乙亥，以北邊沙土苦寒，罷海剌禿屯田。 丙子，命太子愛猷識理達臘習讀畏吾兒文字。 庚辰，太陰犯軒轅。 癸未，太陰犯平道。 甲申，命星吉為江南行臺御史大夫。 壬辰，太平言：「孛答、乃禿、忙兀三處屯田，世祖朝以行營舊站撥屬虎賁司，後為豪有力者所奪，遂失其利，今宜仍前撥還。」 從之。 是月，以前奉使宣撫賈惟貞稱職，特授永平路總管。 會歲饑，惟貞請降鈔四萬餘錠賑之。 詔濟寧鄆城立行都水監，以賈魯為都水。
In the second month, on the guiyou day, Nalin, censor-in-chief, was promoted to grand commandant and retired from office. On the yihai day, because the sandy soil on the northern frontier was bitterly cold, the garrison colonization fields at Hailatu were abolished. On the bingzi day, the crown prince Ayurshiridara was ordered to study Uyghur script. On the gengchen day, the moon transgressed the Chariot Shafts asterism. On the guiwei day, the moon transgressed the Level Road. On the jiashen day, Singgi was appointed censor-in-chief of the Jiangnan branch secretariat. On the renchen day, Taiping submitted: "The garrison colonization fields at Beda, Naitu, and Mangwu were allocated from old mobile-camp stations to the Tiger Guard Bureau during the Shizu reign, but were later seized by powerful magnates and lost their benefits. They should now be restored as before." The request was granted. That month, because Jia Weizhen, the former circuit pacification commissioner, had performed his duties well, he was specially appointed route commander of Yongping. Famine struck that year, and Weizhen requested the issuance of more than forty thousand ingots of paper money for relief. An edict ordered the establishment of a branch directorate of waterways at Jining in Yuncheng, with Jia Lu appointed superintendent of waterways.
53
三月丁酉，詔以束帛旌郡縣守令之廉勤者。 遼東鎖火奴反，詐稱大金子孫，水達達路脫脫禾孫唐兀火魯火孫討擒之。 壬寅，土番盜起，有司請不拘資級，委官討之。 福建盜起，地遠，難於討捕，詔汀、漳二州立分元帥府轄之。 癸卯，帝親試進士七十有八人，賜阿魯輝帖木兒、王宗哲進士及第，余出身有差。 己酉，湖廣行省遣使獻石壁洞蠻捷。 丙辰，太陰犯建星。 己未，遣使詣江浙、江西、湖廣、四川、雲南銓福建、番、廣蠻夷等處官員選。 辛酉，遼陽兀顏撥魯歡妄稱大金子孫，受玉帝符文，作亂，官軍討斬之。 壬戌，《六條政類》書成。 京畿民饑。 徽州路達魯花赤哈剌不花以政績聞，詔賜金帛旌之。 是月，徭賊吳天保復寇沅州。
In the third month, on the dingyou day, an edict ordered that bundles of silk be bestowed to commend county and prefecture magistrates who were incorrupt and diligent. Suohuonu rebelled in Liaodong, falsely claiming to be a descendant of the Jin. Toqtoghusun Tangut Qorqas of the Shuidada route captured him. On the renyin day, bandits rose among the Tufan, and local officials requested that officials be appointed without regard to rank or grade to campaign against them. Bandits rose in Fujian. Because the region was distant and difficult to pursue and capture, an edict ordered the establishment of subordinate chief-marshal headquarters in Ting and Zhang prefectures to govern the area. On the guimao day, the emperor personally examined seventy-eight jinshi candidates. Aruhui Temur and Wang Zongzhe were granted jinshi with highest honors, and the rest received degrees of varying rank. On the jiyou day, the Huguang branch secretariat dispatched envoys to present a report of victory over the Shibi Cave barbarians. On the bingchen day, the moon transgressed the Establishment stars. On the jiwei day, envoys were dispatched to Jiangzhe, Jiangxi, Huguang, Sichuan, and Yunnan to conduct official selection for Fujian, Fan, Guang, and other barbarian regions. On the xinyou day, Wuyan Boluhuan of Liaoyang falsely claimed to be a descendant of the Jin, received jade-emperor talismanic writs, and raised rebellion. Government troops campaigned against him and executed him. On the renxu day, the 《Six Categories of Governance》 was completed. The people of the capital region were starving. Qarbuqa, darughachi of Huizhou Route, became known for his administrative achievements, and an edict bestowed gold and silk to commend him. That month, the Yao bandit Wu Tianbao again raided Yuan Prefecture.
54
夏四月辛未，河間等路以連年河決，水旱相仍，戶口消耗，乞減鹽額，詔從之。 乙亥，帝幸國子學，賜衍聖公銀印，升秩從二品。 定弟子員出身及奔喪、省親等法。 詔：「守令選立社長，專一勸課農桑。」 詔：「京官三品以上，歲舉守令一人，守令到任三月，亦舉一人自代。 其玉典赤、拱衛百戶，不得授縣達魯花赤，止授佐貳，久著廉能則用之。」 平江、松江水災，給海運糧十萬石賑之。 丁丑，遼陽董哈剌作亂，鎮撫欽察討擒之。 己卯，海寧州沐陽縣等處盜起，遣翰林學士禿堅不花討之。 是月，享於太廟。 車駕時巡上都。 命脫脫為太傅。 湖廣章伯顏引兵捕土寇莫萬五、蠻雷等，已而廣西峒賊乘隙入寇，伯顏退走。
In the fourth month of summer, on the xinwei day, Hejian and other routes petitioned to reduce the salt quota because the Yellow River had burst its banks year after year and flood and drought had followed one upon another, causing population decline. An edict granted the request. On the yihai day, the emperor visited the National University. The Duke for the Extension of Sageliness was granted a silver seal and promoted to the second rank. Regulations were established for the appointment of student members and for mourning leave, home visits, and related matters. An edict stated: "Magistrates shall select and appoint village chiefs to devote themselves exclusively to encouraging agriculture and sericulture." An edict stated: "Capital officials of the third rank and above shall each year recommend one magistrate. Magistrates, three months after taking office, shall likewise recommend one person to succeed themselves. Yuandianchi and archer-guard centurions may not be appointed county darughachi, but only deputy posts. If they long show incorruptibility and competence, they may then be employed." Pingjiang and Songjiang suffered flood damage, and one hundred thousand shi of sea-transport grain were issued for relief. On the dingchou day, Dong Qara of Liaoyang raised rebellion. The pacification commissioner Qincha captured him. On the jimao day, bandits rose at Muyang County in Haining Prefecture and elsewhere. Hanlin Academician Tujianbuhua was dispatched to campaign against them. That month, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. The imperial carriage made its seasonal tour to Shangdu. Toqto was appointed grand preceptor. Zhang Boyan of Huguang led troops to capture the local bandits Mo Wanwu, Man Lei, and others. Soon after, cave bandits of Guangxi seized the opportunity to invade, and Boyan withdrew in retreat.
55
五月丁酉朔，大霖雨，京城崩。 庚子，廣西山崩，水湧，漓江溢，平地水深二丈餘，屋宇、人畜漂沒。 壬子，寶慶大水。 丁巳，四川旱，饑，禁酒。 六月丙寅朔，升徐州為總管府，以邳、宿、滕、嶧四州隸之。 丙戌，立司天臺於上都。 是月，山東大水，民饑，賑之。
In the fifth month, on the first dingyou day of the month, heavy rains fell and the capital's walls collapsed. On the gengzi day, mountains collapsed in Guangxi, water surged forth, and the Li River overflowed. Water in level areas reached more than two zhang in depth, and buildings, people, and livestock were swept away and drowned. On the renzi day, Baoqing suffered great flooding. On the dingsi day, Sichuan suffered drought and famine, and the sale of wine was prohibited. In the sixth month, on the first bingyin day of the month, Xuzhou was promoted to a route headquarters, with the four prefectures of Pi, Su, Teng, and Yi placed under its jurisdiction. On the bingxu day, an astronomical bureau was established at Shangdu. That month, Shandong suffered great flooding. The people were starving, and relief was provided.
56
秋七月丙申朔，日有食之。 辛丑，復立五道河屯田。 乙巳，享於太廟。 旌表大都節婦鞏氏門。 戊申，西北邊軍民饑，遣使賑之。 壬子，量移竄徙官於近地安置，死者聽歸葬。 乙卯，遣使祭曲阜孔子廟。 江州路總管劉恒有政績，升授山東宣慰使。 丙辰，以阿剌不花為大司徒。
In the seventh month of autumn, on the first bingshen day of the month, there was a solar eclipse. On the xinchou day, the Wudao River garrison colonization fields were re-established. On the yisi day, offerings were presented at the Imperial Ancestral Temple. The gate of the chaste widow Lady Gong of Dadu was honored with an inscribed commendation. On the wushen day, soldiers and civilians on the northwestern frontier were starving, and envoys were dispatched to provide relief. On the renzi day, officials who had been transferred by degree or exiled were ordered settled in nearby places. Those who died were permitted to be returned home for burial. On the yimao day, envoys were dispatched to sacrifice at the Confucius Temple in Qufu. Liu Heng, route commander of Jiangzhou, had distinguished administrative achievements and was promoted and appointed pacification commissioner of Shandong. On the bingchen day, Aragbuhua was appointed grand minister of education.
57
八月丙子，太陰犯壘壁陣。 己卯，山東雨雹。 是月，車駕還自上都。 九月己未，太陰犯靈臺。 冬十月丁亥，廣西蠻掠道州。
In the eighth month, on the bingzi day, the moon transgressed the Encampment Wall formation. On the jimao day, hail fell in Shandong. That month, the imperial carriage returned from Shangdu. In the ninth month, on the jiwei day, the moon transgressed the Celestial Terrace. In the tenth month of winter, on the dinghai day, Guangxi barbarians raided Dao Prefecture.
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十一月辛亥，徭賊吳天保率眾六萬掠全州。 是歲，詔賜高年帛，設分元帥府於沂州，以買列的為元帥，備山東寇。 臺州方國珍為亂，聚眾海上，命江浙行省參知政事朵兒只班討之。 監察御史張楨劾太尉阿乞剌欺罔之罪，又言：「明裏董阿、也裏牙、月魯不花，皆陛下不共戴天之仇，伯顏賊殺宗室嘉王、郯王一十二口，稽之古法，當伏門誅，而其子、兄弟尚仕於朝，宜急誅竄。 別兒怯不花阿附權奸，亦宜遠貶。 今災異叠見，盜賊蜂起，海寇敢於要君，閫帥敢於玩寇，若不振舉，恐有唐末藩鎮噬臍之禍。」 不聽。 監察御史李泌言：「世祖誓不與高麗共事，陛下踐世祖之位，何忍忘世祖之言，乃以高麗奇氏亦位皇后。 今災異屢起，河決地震，盜賊滋蔓，皆陰盛陽微之象，乞仍降為妃，庶幾三辰奠位，災異可息。」 不聽。
In the eleventh month, on the xinhai day, the Yao bandit Wu Tianbao led a force of sixty thousand to raid Quan Prefecture. That year, an edict bestowed silk upon the elderly. A subordinate chief-marshal headquarters was established at Yizhou, with Bairidi appointed marshal to guard against bandits in Shandong. Fang Guozhen of Taizhou raised rebellion and gathered a force on the sea. Dorbajiban, vice grand councillor of the Jiangzhe branch secretariat, was ordered to campaign against him. Supervising censor Zhang Zhen impeached Grand Commandant Aqila for the crime of deception and further submitted: "Mingli Dong'a, Yeliya, and Yuerbuhua are all Your Majesty's mortal enemies. Bayan treacherously killed twelve members of the imperial clan, the Prince of Jia and the Prince of Tan. Measured against ancient law, he should have suffered execution at the gate, yet his sons and brothers still hold office at court and should urgently be executed and exiled. Bierqiebuhua, who fawned upon powerful villains, should likewise be banished to a distant post. Now omens appear one after another, bandits swarm forth, sea raiders dare to hold the ruler hostage, and frontier commanders dare to treat bandits lightly. If no vigorous action is taken, I fear the disaster of late Tang regional commanders biting at their own navels." The memorial was not heeded. Supervising censor Li Bi submitted: "Shizu swore never to serve together with Goryeo. Your Majesty has ascended Shizu's throne—how can you bear to forget Shizu's words, yet make Empress Gi of Goryeo hold the empress's seat as well? Now omens arise repeatedly, the Yellow River bursts its banks, earthquakes occur, and bandits spread unchecked—all signs of yin flourishing and yang declining. I beg that she be demoted again to consort, so that the three luminaries may settle in their places and the omens may cease." The memorial was not heeded.