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順帝十
Shundi 10
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二十六年春正月己酉，以崇政院使孛羅沙為御史大夫。 壬子，以完者木知樞密院事。 是月，以沙藍答裏為中書左丞相。 命燕南、河南、山東、陜西、河東等處舉人會試者，增其額數，進士及第以下遞升官一級。
In the twenty-sixth year, on the jiyou day of the first month of spring, Bolosha, commissioner of the Court for the Promotion of Governance, was appointed censor-in-chief. On the renzi day, Wanje was appointed director of the Bureau of Military Affairs. That month Shalandari was appointed left chief minister of the Secretariat. Candidates from Yannan, Henan, Shandong, Shaanxi, Hedong, and other circuits who took the metropolitan examination were to have their quotas increased, and every graduate from jinshi downward was to be promoted one rank in turn.
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二月癸丑朔，立河淮水軍元帥府於孟津縣。 甲戌，詔天下，以比者逆臣孛羅帖木兒、禿堅帖木兒、老的沙等幹紀亂倫，內外之民經值軍馬，致使困乏，與免一切雜泛差徭。 是月，擴廓帖木兒還河南，分立省部以自隨，尋居懷慶，又居彰德，調度各處軍馬，陜西張良弼拒命。
In the second month, on the new moon of guichou, the Grand Marshal's Office of the Yellow and Huai River Naval Forces was established at Mengjin County. On the jiaxu day an edict went out to all under Heaven: the rebel ministers Bolad Temür, Tuq Temür, and Laod Sha had violated discipline and disrupted proper order, and because civilians everywhere had been exhausted when armies passed through, all miscellaneous levies and corvée duties were remitted. That month Köke Temür returned to Henan, established a separate provincial staff to accompany him, soon moved to Huaiqing and then Zhangde, and began deploying troops from various regions, while Zhang Liangbi in Shaanxi refused to obey orders.
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三月癸未朔，罷洛陽嵩縣宣慰司。 丁亥，白虹五道亙天，其第三道貫日，又有氣橫貫東南，良久始滅。 甲午，擴廓帖木兒遣關保、虎林赤以兵西攻張良弼於鹿臺。 李思齊、脫烈伯、孔興等兵皆與良弼合。 以蠻子、脫脫木兒知樞密院事。 乙未，廷試進士七十二人，賜赫德溥化、張棟進士及第，余出身有差。 監察御史玉倫普建言八事：一曰用賢，二曰申嚴宿衛，三曰保全臣子，四曰八衛屯田，五曰禁止奏請，六曰培養人才，七曰罪人不孥，八曰重惜名爵。 帝嘉納之。 是月，大明兵取高郵府。
In the third month, on the new moon of guiwei, the Pacification Commission of Song County in Luoyang was abolished. On the dinghai day five white rainbows stretched across the sky; the third pierced the sun, and a band of vapor also ran horizontally across the southeast before finally dissipating. On the jiawu day Köke Temür sent Guan Bao and Qutuγan Qadaγan west with troops to attack Zhang Liangbi at Lutai. The armies of Li Siqi, Toliber, Kong Xing, and others all joined Zhang Liangbi's forces. Manzi and Totoγan were appointed directors of the Bureau of Military Affairs. On the yiwei day seventy-two candidates sat the palace examination; Hede Puhua and Zhang Dong were named jinshi with honors, and the rest received degrees in descending order. Supervising censor Yulunpu submitted eight proposals: employ the worthy; tighten palace night watch; preserve ministers and subjects; garrison farming by the Eight Guards; forbid improper memorials; cultivate talent; do not extend punishment to offenders' families; and value titles and ranks. The emperor praised and accepted them. That month Ming forces captured Gaoyou Prefecture.
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夏四月辛酉，詔立皇太子妃瓦只剌孫答裏氏。 是月，大明兵取淮安路、徐州、宿州、濠州、泗州、潁州、安豐路。 五月壬午朔，洛陽瑞麥生，一莖四穗。 甲辰，以脫脫不花為御史大夫。 六月壬子朔，汾州介休縣地震。 平遙縣大雨雹。 紹興路山陰縣臥龍山裂。 己未，命知樞密院事買閭以兵守直沽，命河間鹽運使拜住、曹履亨撫諭沿海竈戶，俾出丁夫從買閭征討。 丙寅，詔：「英宗時謀為不軌之臣，其子孫或成丁者，可安置舊地，幼者隨母居草地，終身不得入京城及不得授官，止許於本愛馬應役。」 皇后肅良合氏生日，百官進箋，皇后諭沙藍答裏等曰：「自世祖以來，正宮皇后壽日，不曾進箋，近年雖行，不合典故。」 卻之。
In the fourth month of summer, on the xinyou day, an edict installed the heir apparent's consort of the Wazilasun Dali clan. That month Ming forces captured Huaian Circuit, Xuzhou, Suzhou, Haozhou, Sizhou, Yingzhou, and Anfeng Circuit. In the fifth month, on the new moon of renwu, auspicious wheat appeared in Luoyang, one stalk bearing four ears. On the jiachen day Totoγan Buhua was appointed censor-in-chief. In the sixth month, on the new moon of renzi, Jiexiu County in Fenzhou was shaken by earthquake. Pingyao County was struck by heavy hail. Wolong Mountain in Shanyin County on the Shaoxing Circuit split open. On the jiwei day Maimun was ordered to hold Zhigu with troops; the Hejian salt transport commissioner Baizhu and Cao Lüheng were ordered to reassure coastal salt households and furnish laborers to follow Maimun on campaign. On the bingyin day an edict stated: "For ministers who plotted sedition in Emperor Yingzong's time, grown sons and grandsons may be settled in their former lands; the young shall dwell with their mothers on the pastures, never enter the capital, never receive office, and may serve only in their original horse districts." On Empress Sulgan He's birthday the hundred officials presented a congratulatory memorial; the empress told Shalandari and others: "Since Shizu's reign the principal palace empress's birthday has never received such a memorial; though it has been done in recent years, it does not accord with precedent." She declined it.
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秋七月辛巳朔，日有食之。 徐溝縣地震，介休縣大水，石州大星如鬥自西南而落。 甲申，以李思齊為太尉。 甲午，太白經天。 丙申，擴廓帖木兒遣朱珍、盧旺屯兵河中，遣關保、虎林赤合兵渡河，會竹貞、商暠，且約李思齊以攻張良弼。 良弼遣子弟質於思齊，與良弼拒守。 關保等不利，思齊請詔和解之。 丙午，太白經天。 八月戊寅，以李國鳳為中書左丞，陳有定為福建行省平章政事。 九月甲申，李思齊兵下鹽井，獲川賊余繼隆，誅之。 禮部侍郎滿尚賓、吏部侍郎掩篤剌哈自鳳翔還京師。 先是，尚賓等持詔諭思齊開通川蜀道路，思齊方兵爭，不奉詔，尚賓等留鳳翔一年，至是始還。 丙戌，以方國珍為江浙行省左丞相，弟國瑛、國瑉，侄明善，並為江浙行省平章政事。 己亥，以中書平章政事失列門為御史大夫。 辛丑，孛星見東北方。
In the seventh month of autumn, on the new moon of xinsi, there was a solar eclipse. Xugou County was shaken by earthquake; Jiexiu County suffered severe flooding; in Shizhou a great star like a dipper fell from the southwest. On the jiashen day Li Siqi was appointed grand preceptor. On the jiawu day Venus crossed the sky. On the bingchen day Köke Temür sent Zhu Zhen and Lu Wang to station troops in the central region of the river, sent Guan Bao and Qutuγan Qadaγan to cross the river and join Zhu Zhen and Shang Shao, and arranged with Li Siqi to attack Zhang Liangbi. Liangbi sent his sons and younger brothers as hostages to Siqi and, together with Liangbi, held out on the defensive. Guan Bao and the others fared badly, and Siqi requested an edict to make peace. On the bingwu day Venus again crossed the sky. In the eighth month, on the wuyin day, Li Guofeng was appointed left vice chief minister of the Secretariat and Chen Youding chief minister of the Fujian branch secretariat. In the ninth month, on the jiashen day, Li Siqi's army took Yanjing, captured the Sichuan bandit Yu Jilong, and executed him. Vice minister of rites Man Shangbin and vice minister of personnel Yan Dulaqa returned to the capital from Fengxiang. Earlier Shangbin and the others had carried an edict instructing Siqi to open routes into Sichuan; Siqi was then fighting and did not obey; Shangbin and the others had remained at Fengxiang for a year and only now returned. On the bingxu day Fang Guozhen was appointed left chief minister of the Jiangzhe branch secretariat; his brothers Guoying and Guomin and his nephew Mingshan were all appointed branch chief ministers as well. On the jihai day Secretariat chief minister Shiremen was appointed censor-in-chief. On the xinchou day a comet appeared in the northeast.
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冬十月甲子，擴廓帖木兒遣其弟脫因帖木兒及貊高、完哲等駐兵濟南，以控制山東。
In the tenth month of winter, on the jiazi day, Köke Temür sent his younger brother Toyin Temür together with Mo Gao, Wanje, and others to station troops at Jinan to control Shandong.
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十一月甲申，大明兵取湖州路。 丙申，大明兵取杭州路及紹興路。 辛丑，大明兵取嘉興路。 時湖州、杭州、紹興、嘉興、松江、平江諸路及無錫州皆張士誠所據。
In the eleventh month, on the jiashen day, Ming forces captured Huzhou Circuit. On the bingchen day Ming forces captured Hangzhou Circuit and Shaoxing Circuit. On the xinchou day Ming forces captured Jiaxing Circuit. At that time Huzhou, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Jiaxing, Songjiang, Pingjiang circuits and Wuxi Prefecture were all held by Zhang Shicheng.
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十二月庚午，蒲城洛水和順崖崩。
In the twelfth month, on the gengwu day, the Heshun cliff on the Luo River at Pucheng collapsed.
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二十七年春正月乙未，絳州夜聞天鼓鳴，將旦復鳴，其聲如空中戰鬥者。 庚子，大明兵取松江府。 癸卯，大明兵取沅州路。 是月，李思齊、張良弼、脫列伯自會於含元殿基，推李思齊為盟主，同拒擴廓帖木兒。
In the twenty-seventh year, on the yiwei day of the first month of spring, Jiangzhou at night heard the sky-drum sound; at dawn it sounded again, like fighting in the air. On the gengzi day Ming forces captured Songjiang Prefecture. On the guimao day Ming forces captured Yuanzhou Circuit. That month Li Siqi, Zhang Liangbi, and Toliber met on their own at the site of the Hanyuan Hall foundation, acclaimed Li Siqi as league leader, and together resisted Köke Temür.
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二月庚申，以買住為雲國公，七十為中書平章政事，月魯不花為御史大夫。 乙丑，以詹事月魯帖木兒為御史大夫。
In the second month, on the gengshen day, Maizhu was enfeoffed as Duke of Yunguo; Qishi was appointed Secretariat chief minister; and Yelu Buhua was appointed censor-in-chief. On the yichou day Yelu Temür of the heir apparent's household was appointed censor-in-chief.
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三月丁丑朔，萊州大風，有大鳥至，其翅如席。 擴廓帖木兒遣兵屯滕州以禦王信。 庚子，京師大風自西北起，飛砂揚礫，白日昏暗。
In the third month, on the new moon of dingchou, Laizhou suffered a great wind and a huge bird arrived whose wings were like mats. Köke Temür sent troops to garrison at Tengzhou to guard against Wang Xin. On the gengzi day a great wind rose in the capital from the northwest, whirling sand and flinging stones until the bright day turned dim.
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夏四月丙子朔，白氣二道亙天。 以去歲水潦霜災，嚴酒禁。 戊寅，以空名宣敕遣付福建行省，命平章政事曲出、陳有定同驗有功者給之。 辛巳，大同隕霜殺麥。 癸未，福建行宣政院以廢寺錢糧由海道送京師。 乙酉，以完者帖木兒為中書右丞相，辭以老病，不許。 辛卯，以知樞密院事失列門為嶺北行省左丞相，提調分通政院。 己亥，以俺普為中書平章政事。 辛丑，擴廓帖木兒定擬其所屬官員二千六百一十人，從之。 是月，山東地震，雨白氂。 李思齊遣張良弼部將郭謙等守黃連寨，擴廓帖木兒部將關保、虎林赤、商暠、竹貞引兵拔其寨，郭謙走； 會貊高等為變，關保、虎林赤夜遁，李思齊遂解而西。
In the fourth month of summer, on the new moon of bingzi, two bands of white vapor stretched across the sky. Because of last year's floods, frost, and disasters, the wine prohibition was strictly enforced. On the wuyin day blank-title edicts were sent to the Fujian branch secretariat, ordering chief ministers Quchu and Chen Youding jointly to verify meritorious men and grant rewards. On the xinsi day in Datong falling frost killed the wheat. On the guiwei day the Fujian branch commission for Buddhist and secular affairs sent grain funds from abolished temples to the capital by sea. On the yiyou day Wanje Temür was appointed right chief minister of the Secretariat; he declined on grounds of age and illness, but permission was refused. On the xinmao day Shiremen, director of the Bureau of Military Affairs, was appointed left chief minister of the Lingbei branch secretariat and placed in charge of the branch secretariat for transmission. On the jihai day Anpu was appointed Secretariat chief minister. On the xinchou day Köke Temür fixed the roster of his subordinate officials at two thousand six hundred ten persons, and the proposal was approved. That month Shandong was shaken by earthquake and white woolly rain fell. Li Siqi sent Zhang Liangbi's subordinate Guo Qian and others to hold Huanglian Stockade; Köke Temür's subordinates Guan Bao, Qutuγan Qadaγan, Shang Shao, and Zhu Zhen stormed it and Guo Qian fled; when Mo Gao and others mutinied, Guan Bao and Qutuγan Qadaγan fled by night, and Li Siqi thereupon disengaged and marched west.
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月丙午朔，日有食之，晝晦。 丁巳，皇太子寢殿後新甃井中有龍出，光焰爍人，宮人震懾仆地。 又長慶寺有龍纏繞槐樹飛去，樹皮皆剝。 丁卯，沂州山崩。 是月，知樞密院事壽安，奉空名宣敕與侯伯顏達世，令其以兵援擴廓帖木兒。 時李思齊據長安，與商暠拒戰，侯伯顏達世進兵攻李思齊，秦州守將蕭公達降思齊。 思齊知關保等兵退，遣蔡琳等破其營，侯伯顏達世奔潰。
In the fifth month, on the new moon of bingwu, there was a solar eclipse and the day turned dim. On the dingsi day a dragon emerged from the newly bricked well behind the heir apparent's sleeping hall, its radiance dazzling people and palace women so that they fell prostrate in terror. Again at Changqing Temple a dragon coiled around a locust tree and flew away, stripping all the bark. On the dingmao day a mountain in Yizhou collapsed. That month Shou'an, director of the Bureau of Military Affairs, was given blank-title edicts for Hou Boyan Dashi and ordered him to bring troops to aid Köke Temür. At that time Li Siqi held Chang'an and fought Shang Shao; Hou Boyan Dashi advanced to attack Li Siqi, and the Qinzhou garrison commander Xiao Gongda surrendered to Siqi. When Siqi learned that Guan Bao and the others had withdrawn, he sent Cai Lin and others to smash their camp, and Hou Boyan Dashi fled in rout.
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秋七月甲申，命也速提調武備寺。 丁酉，絳州星隕，光耀如晝。 是月，李思齊遣許國佐、薛穆飛會張良弼、脫列伯兵屯於華陰。 時命禿魯為陜西行省左丞相，思齊不悅，遣其部將鄭應祥守陜西，而自還鳳翔。 龍見於臨朐龍山，大石起立。 八月丙午，詔命皇太子總天下兵馬，其略曰：「元良重任，職在撫軍，稽古征今，卓有成憲。 曩者障塞決河，本以拯民昏墊，豈期妖盜橫造訛言，簧鼓愚頑，塗炭郡邑，殆遍海內，茲逾一紀。 故察罕帖木兒仗義興師，獻功敵愾，汛掃汴洛，克平青齊，為國捐軀，深可哀悼。 其子擴廓帖木兒克繼先誌，用成駿功。 愛猷識理達臘計安宗社，累請出師。 朕以國本至重，詎宜輕出，遂授擴廓帖木兒總戎重寄，畀以王爵，俾代其行。 李思齊、張良弼等，各懷異見，構兵不已，以致盜賊愈熾，深遺朕憂。 況全齊密邇輦轂，儻失早計，恐生異圖，詢諸眾謀，僉謂皇太子聰明仁孝，文武兼資，聿遵舊典，爰命以中書令、樞密使，悉總天下兵馬，諸王、駙馬、各道總兵、將吏，一應軍機政務，生殺予奪，事無輕重，如出朕裁。 其擴廓帖木兒，總領本部軍馬，自潼關以東，肅清江淮； 李思齊總統本部軍馬，自鳳翔以西，與侯伯顏達世進取川蜀； 以少保禿魯為陜西行中書省左丞相，本省駐劄，總本部及張良弼、孔興、脫列伯各枝軍馬，進取襄樊； 王信本部軍馬，固守信地，別聽調遣。 詔書到日，汝等悉宜洗心滌慮，同濟時艱。」 庚戌，貊高殺衛輝守禦官余仁輔、彰德守禦官範國英，引軍至清化，聞懷慶有備，遂還彰德，上疏言：「人臣以尊君為本，以盡忠為心，以愛民為務。 今總兵官擴廓帖木兒，歲與官軍仇殺，臣等乃朝廷培養之人，素知忠義，焉能俯首聽命。 乞降明詔，別選重臣，以總大兵。」 詔以擴廓帖木兒不遵君命，宜黜其兵權，就命貊高討之。 辛亥，帖木兒不花進封淮王，賜金印，設王傅等官。 壬子，為皇太子立大撫軍院，秩從一品，知院四員，同知二員，副使、同僉各一員，經歷、都事各二員，管勾一員。 癸丑，封太師伯撒裏永平王。 甲寅，以右丞相完者帖木兒、翰林承旨答爾麻、平章政事完者帖木兒並知大撫軍院事。 丙辰，完者帖木兒言：「大撫軍院專掌軍機，今後迤北軍務，仍舊制樞密院管，其餘內外諸王、駙馬、各處總兵、統兵、行省、行院、宣慰司一應軍情，不許隔越，徑行移大撫軍院。」 詹事院同知李國鳳同知大撫軍院事，參政完者帖木兒為副使，左司員外郎咬住、樞密參議王弘遠為經歷。 庚申，完者帖木兒言：「諸軍將士有能用命效力建立奇功者，請所賞宣敕依常制外，加以忠義功臣之號。」 從之。 辛酉，以完者帖木兒仍前少師、知樞密院事，也速仍前太保、中書右丞相，帖裏帖木兒以太尉、添設中書左丞相。 丙寅，立行樞密院於阿難答察罕腦兒，命陜西行省左丞相禿魯仍前少保兼知行樞密院事。 壬申，命帖裏帖木兒仍前太尉、左丞相，為知大撫軍院事； 中書右丞陳敬伯為中書平章政事。 九月甲戌朔，義士戴晉生上皇太子書，言治亂之由。 命右丞相也速以兵往山東，命參知政事法都忽剌分戶部官，一同供給。 丁亥，以兵興，迤南百姓供給繁重，其真定、河南、陜西、山東、冀寧等處，除軍人自耕自食外，與免民間今年田租之半，其餘雜泛一切住罷。 辛巳，大明兵取平江路，執張士誠。 乙酉，大明兵取通州。 丁亥，大明兵取無錫州。 己丑，詔也速以中書右丞相分省山東，沙藍答裏以中書左丞相分省大同。 丙申，太師汪家奴追封兗王，謚忠靖。 己亥，命帖裏帖木兒提調端本堂及領經筵事。 辛丑，大明兵取臺州路。 時臺州、溫州、慶元三路皆方國珍所據。
In the seventh month of autumn, on the jiashen day, Yesu was ordered to take charge of the Directorate of Armaments. On the dingyou day stars fell in Jiangzhou, shining as bright as day. That month Li Siqi sent Xu Guozuo and Xue Mufei to join Zhang Liangbi and Toliber's troops encamped at Huayin. At that time Tolu was appointed left chief minister of the Shaanxi branch secretariat; Siqi was displeased, sent his subordinate Zheng Yingxiang to hold Shaanxi, and himself returned to Fengxiang. A dragon appeared on Long Mountain in Linqu, and a great stone rose upright. In the eighth month, on the bingwu day, an edict ordered the heir apparent to take overall command of all military forces under Heaven. The gist stated: "The heir's weighty charge lies in comforting the armies; examining antiquity and the present, there are excellent established rules. Formerly the Yellow River was blocked to divert its waters, originally to rescue the people from inundation; who could have expected demonic bandits to spread false reports, drum up the foolish and obstinate, and scourge commanderies and districts until nearly the whole realm was afflicted for more than twelve years. The late Chaghan Temür took up arms in righteousness, presented achievements and hated the enemy, swept Bian and Luo, and conquered Qing and Qi; he gave his life for the state, deeply to be mourned. His son Köke Temür was able to continue his father's purpose and achieve splendid merit. Ayushiridara, calculating how to secure the altars of state, repeatedly requested to take the field. I, considering the foundation of the state supremely weighty, could not lightly go forth, and therefore entrusted Köke Temür with the heavy charge of overall command, enfeoffed him with a princely title, and had him go in my stead. Li Siqi, Zhang Liangbi, and others each harbored divergent views and raised armies without cease, so that bandits grew ever fiercer, deeply troubling to me. Moreover all Qi lies close to the imperial carriage; if early measures are not taken, a different design may arise. Inquiring of the multitude, all said the heir apparent is intelligent, benevolent, and filial, accomplished in both civil and military affairs; following the old statutes, he is therefore appointed Secretariat director and Bureau director to take overall command of all military forces under Heaven. Princes, imperial sons-in-law, commanders of each circuit, and officers — all military affairs, life and death, reward and punishment, whether great or small, shall be as if decided by me. As for Köke Temür, he shall take overall command of his own forces and, from east of Tong Pass, pacify the Yangtze and Huai regions; Li Siqi shall take overall command of his own forces and, from west of Fengxiang, advance into Sichuan together with Hou Boyan Dashi; the junior guardian Tolu is appointed left chief minister of the Shaanxi branch secretariat; the branch shall be stationed there and take overall command of its own forces together with the branch forces of Zhang Liangbi, Kong Xing, and Toliber, and advance on Xiang and Fan; Wang Xin's own forces shall firmly hold their posts and await separate orders. When the edict arrives, you shall all wash your hearts and clear your thoughts and together relieve the present hardship." On the gengxu day Mo Gao killed the Weihui garrison commander Yu Renfu and the Zhangde garrison commander Fan Guoying, led troops to Qinghua, heard that Huaiqing was prepared, and therefore returned to Zhangde. He submitted a memorial stating: "A minister takes honoring the ruler as his foundation, utmost loyalty as his heart, and cherishing the people as his task. Now the overall commander Köke Temür year after year fights in mutual slaughter with government troops; we are men whom the court has nurtured and have always known loyalty and righteousness — how can we bow our heads and obey his orders. We beg that a clear edict be issued to select another weighty minister to take overall command of the great armies." An edict stated that Köke Temür did not obey the ruler's command and his military authority should be removed; Mo Gao was ordered to campaign against him. On the xinhai day Temür Buhua was advanced to Prince of Huai, granted a gold seal, and tutors and other offices were established. On the renzi day the Great Pacification Army Office was established for the heir apparent, of rank second only to the first grade, with four directors, two associate directors, one vice commissioner and one joint associate commissioner each, two managers and two clerks each, and one registrar. On the guichou day Grand Preceptor Barsari was enfeoffed as Prince of Yongping. On the jiayin day right chief minister Wanje Temür, Hanlin academician Darma, and chief minister Wanje Temür were all appointed to manage affairs of the Great Pacification Army Office. On the bingchen day Wanje Temür said: "The Great Pacification Army Office alone shall handle military affairs; hereafter military affairs in the far north shall still be managed by the Bureau of Military Affairs under the old system; all other military intelligence within and without — princes, imperial sons-in-law, overall commanders, branch commanders, branch secretariats, branch bureaus, and pacification commissions — must not bypass it but shall address the Great Pacification Army Office directly." Joint associate director of the heir apparent's household Li Guofeng was made joint associate director of the Great Pacification Army Office; associate chief minister Wanje Temür was made vice commissioner; left secretariat section outer official Bayaqut and Bureau deliberator Wang Hongyuan were made managers. On the gengshen day Wanje Temür said: "For army officers and soldiers who obey orders, exert themselves, and establish extraordinary merit, besides the usual reward edicts please add the title of Loyal and Righteous Meritorious Subject." The proposal was approved. On the xinyou day Wanje Temür retained his former posts as junior mentor and director of the Bureau of Military Affairs; Yesu retained his former posts as grand guardian and right chief minister of the Secretariat; Tegri Temür was made grand preceptor and additional left chief minister of the Secretariat. On the bingyin day a branch Bureau of Military Affairs was established at Anandaqaghan Na'ur; Shaanxi left chief minister Tolu retained his former post as junior guardian and was made concurrent director of the branch bureau. On the renshen day Tegri Temür retained his former posts as grand preceptor and left chief minister and was made to manage affairs of the Great Pacification Army Office; right vice chief minister Chen Jingbo was appointed Secretariat chief minister. In the ninth month, on the new moon of jiaxu, the worthy man Dai Jinsheng presented a book to the heir apparent on the causes of order and disorder. The right chief minister Yesu was ordered to take troops to Shandong; associate chief minister Fadu Hula was ordered to divide revenue officials of the Ministry of Revenue to supply them together. On the dinghai day, because warfare had arisen, the southern people's burdens were heavy; in Zhending, Henan, Shaanxi, Shandong, Jining, and other places, apart from soldiers farming and feeding themselves, half of this year's field tax was remitted to the populace, and all other miscellaneous levies were entirely suspended. On the xinsi day Ming forces captured Pingjiang Circuit and took Zhang Shicheng prisoner. On the yiyou day Ming forces captured Tongzhou. On the dinghai day Ming forces captured Wuxi Prefecture. On the jichou day an edict ordered Yesu, as right chief minister of the Secretariat, to establish a branch secretariat in Shandong, and Shalandari, as left chief minister, to establish a branch secretariat in Datong. On the bingchen day Grand Preceptor Wangjianu was posthumously enfeoffed as Prince of Yan with the posthumous title Zhongjing. On the jihai day Tegri Temür was ordered to take charge of the Hall of the Correct Origin and to lead the Classics Lectures. On the xinchou day Ming forces captured Taizhou Circuit. At that time Taizhou, Wenzhou, and Qingyuan circuits were all held by Fang Guozhen.
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冬十月甲辰朔，貊高以兵入山西，定孟州、忻州，下漷州，遂攻真定。 詔也速自河間以兵會貊高取真定，已而不克，命也速還河間，貊高還彰德。 乙巳，皇太子奏以淮南行省平章政事王信為山東行省平章政事兼知行樞密院事。 立中書分省於真定路。 丙午，加司徒、淮南行省平章政事王宣為沂國公。 丁未，享於太廟。 壬子，詔擴廓帖木兒落太傅、中書左丞相並諸兼領職事，仍前河南王，錫以汝州為其食邑； 其弟脫因帖木兒以集賢學士同擴廓帖木兒於河南府居。 其帳前諸軍，命瑣住、虎林赤一同統之。 其河南諸軍，命中書平章政事、內史李克彜統之。 關保本部諸軍仍舊統之。 山東諸軍，命太保、中書右丞相也速統之。 山西諸軍，命少保、中書左丞相沙藍答裏統之。 河北諸軍，命知樞密院事貊高統之。 赦天下。 甲寅，以火裏赤為中書平章政事。 乙丑，命集賢大學士丁好禮為中書添設平章政事。 丙寅，平章、內史關保封許國公。 己巳，大明兵取溫州。
In the tenth month of winter, on the new moon of jiachen, Mo Gao entered Shanxi with troops, secured Mengzhou and Xinzhou, took Huazhou, and then attacked Zhending. An edict ordered Yesu to lead troops from Hejian to join Mo Gao in taking Zhending; they did not succeed; Yesu was ordered back to Hejian and Mo Gao back to Zhangde. On the yisi day the heir apparent memorialized that Wang Xin, chief minister of the Huainan branch secretariat, be made chief minister of the Shandong branch secretariat with concurrent charge of the branch bureau. A branch Secretariat was established at Zhending Circuit. On the bingwu day Minister of Works and Huainan chief minister Wang Xuan was advanced to Duke of Yi. On the dingwei day an offering was made in the Imperial Ancestral Temple. On the renzi day an edict removed Köke Temür from the posts of grand preceptor, left chief minister of the Secretariat, and all concurrent offices; he retained his former title as Prince of Henan, and Ruzhou was granted as his fief; his younger brother Toyin Temür, as academician of the Hall of Gathered Worthies, was to dwell with Köke Temür at Henan Prefecture. The troops before his tent were ordered to be jointly commanded by Suoju and Qutuγan Qadaγan. The Henan troops were ordered to be commanded by chief minister and palace secretary Li Keyi. Guan Bao's own troops were to be commanded as before. The Shandong troops were ordered to be commanded by grand guardian and right chief minister Yesu. The Shanxi troops were ordered to be commanded by junior guardian and left chief minister Shalandari. The Hebei troops were ordered to be commanded by Bureau director Mo Gao. An amnesty was proclaimed to all under Heaven. On the jiayin day Qoγai was appointed Secretariat chief minister. On the yichou day Grand Academician Ding Haoli was appointed additional Secretariat chief minister. On the bingyin day chief minister and palace secretary Guan Bao was enfeoffed as Duke of Xu. On the jisi day Ming forces captured Wenzhou.
17
十一月壬午，大明兵取沂州，守臣王信遁，其父宣被執。 癸未，大明兵取慶元路。 丙戌，以平章政事月魯帖木兒，知樞密院事完者帖木兒，平章政事伯顏帖木兒、帖林沙並知撫軍院事。 戊子，大明兵取嶧州。 乙未，以知樞密院事貊高為中書平章政事。 命太尉、中書左丞相帖裏帖木兒為撫軍院使。 丁酉，命帖裏帖木兒同監修國史。 命關保分省於晉寧。 辛丑，大明兵取益都路，平章政事保保降，宣慰使普顏不花、總管胡濬、知院張俊皆死之。
In the eleventh month, on the renwu day, Ming forces captured Yizhou; the defending official Wang Xin fled and his father Xuan was captured. On the guiwei day Ming forces captured Qingyuan Circuit. On the bingxu day chief minister Yelu Temür, Bureau director Wanje Temür, and chief ministers Bayan Temür and Telin Sha were all appointed to manage affairs of the Pacification Army Office. On the wuzi day Ming forces captured Yizhou. On the yiwei day Bureau director Mo Gao was appointed Secretariat chief minister. Grand preceptor and left chief minister Tegri Temür was appointed commissioner of the Pacification Army Office. On the dingyou day Tegri Temür was ordered jointly to supervise compilation of the national history. Guan Bao was ordered to establish a branch secretariat at Jinning. On the xinchou day Ming forces captured Yidu Circuit; chief minister Baobao surrendered; pacification commissioner Puyan Buhua, prefect Hu Jun, and director Zhang Jun all died.
18
十二月癸卯朔，日有食之。 丁未，大明兵取般陽路。 戊申，大明兵取濟寧路，陳秉直遁。 己酉，大明兵取萊州，遂取濟南及東平路。 丁巳，大明兵入杉關，取邵武路。 時邵武、建寧、延平、福州、興化、泉、漳、汀、潮諸路，皆陳友定所據。 庚申，以楊誠、陳秉直並為國公、中書平章政事。 甲子，命右丞相也速，太尉知院脫火赤，中書平章政事忽林臺，平章政事貊高，知樞密院事小章、典堅帖木兒、江文清、驢兒等會楊誠、陳秉直、伯顏不花、俞勝各部諸軍同守禦山東，又命關保往援山東。 丙寅，以莊家為中書參知政事。 庚午，大明兵由海道取福州，守臣平章政事曲出遁，行宣政院使朵耳死之。 是月，方國珍歸於大明。 詔命陜西行省左丞相禿魯總統張良弼、脫列伯、孔興各枝軍馬，以李思齊為副總統，禦關中，撫安軍民。 脫列伯、孔興等出潼關，及取順便山路，渡黃河合勢東行，共勤王事。 思齊等皆不奉命。 是歲，詔分潼關以西屬李思齊，以東屬擴廓帖木兒，各罷兵還鎮。 於是關保退屯潞州，商暠留屯潼關。
In the twelfth month, on the new moon of guimao, there was a solar eclipse. On the dingwei day Ming forces captured Banyang Circuit. On the wushen day Ming forces captured Jining Circuit; Chen Bingzhi fled. On the jiyou day Ming forces captured Laizhou and then took Jinan and Dongping circuits. On the dingsi day Ming forces entered Shan Pass and captured Shaowu Circuit. At that time Shaowu, Jianning, Yanping, Fuzhou, Xinghua, Quan, Zhang, Ting, and Chao circuits were all held by Chen Youding. On the gengshen day Yang Cheng and Chen Bingzhi were both enfeoffed as state dukes and appointed Secretariat chief ministers. On the jiazi day the right chief minister Yesu, grand preceptor and Bureau director Toγači, chief minister Qolin Tai, chief minister Mo Gao, Bureau directors Xiao Zhang, Tegün Temür, Jiang Wenqing, Lü'er, and others were ordered to join Yang Cheng, Chen Bingzhi, Bayan Buhua, Yu Sheng, and the troops of each division in jointly defending Shandong; Guan Bao was also ordered to go to aid Shandong. On the bingyin day Zhuang Jia was appointed associate chief minister of the Secretariat. On the gengwu day Ming forces took Fuzhou by sea; the defending chief minister Quchu fled; branch commission commissioner Duo'er died. That month Fang Guozhen submitted to the Ming. An edict ordered Shaanxi left chief minister Tolu to take overall command of the branch forces of Zhang Liangbi, Toliber, and Kong Xing, with Li Siqi as deputy overall commander, to defend Guanzhong and reassure troops and people. Toliber, Kong Xing, and others were to go out through Tong Pass and, taking convenient mountain routes, cross the Yellow River and advance east in combined force to perform the king's service together. Siqi and the others all refused the command. That year an edict divided the region west of Tong Pass to Li Siqi and east of Tong Pass to Köke Temür; each was to cease warfare and return to his post. Thereupon Guan Bao withdrew to garrison at Luzhou and Shang Shao remained garrisoned at Tong Pass.
19
二十八年春正月壬申朔，皇太子命關保固守晉寧，總統諸軍，如擴廓帖木兒拒命，當以大義相裁，就便擒擊。 以中書平章政事不顏帖木兒為御史大夫。 辛巳，詔諭擴廓帖木兒曰：「比者也速上奏，卿以書陳情，深自悔悟，及省來意，良用惻然。 朕視卿猶子，卿何惑於憸言，不體朕心，隳其先業！ 卿今能自悔，固朕所望。 卿其思昔委任肅清江淮之意，即將冀寧、真定諸軍，就行統制渡河，直搗徐沂，以康靖齊魯，則職任之隆，當悉還汝。 衛輝、彰德、順德，皆為王城，卿無以貊高為名，縱軍侵暴。 其晉寧諸軍，已命關保總制策應，戡定山東，將帥各宜悉心。」 庚寅，彗星見於昴、畢之間。 是月，大明兵取建寧、延平二路，陳有定被執。
In the twenty-eighth year, on the new moon of renshen in the first month of spring, the heir apparent ordered Guan Bao to hold Jinning firmly and take overall command of all armies; if Köke Temür resisted orders, he should be restrained by righteous principle and captured or struck as convenient. Chief minister Buyan Temür was appointed censor-in-chief. On the xinsi day an edict instructed Köke Temür: "Recently Yesu memorialized above and you stated your feelings in a letter, deeply repenting — when I examined your intent I was greatly moved with compassion. I regard you as a son — why are you deluded by slanderous words, failing to understand my heart and destroying your father's achievement! That you can now repent is indeed what I hope for. Consider the purpose for which you were formerly entrusted to pacify the Yangtze and Huai; immediately take the armies of Jining and Zhending, assume command on the march, cross the river, strike straight at Xu and Yi, and restore peace to Qi and Lu — then your lofty offices shall all be returned to you. Weihui, Zhangde, and Shunde are all princely domains — do not, in Mo Gao's name, let your troops invade and ravage them. The Jinning armies have already been ordered to be placed under Guan Bao's overall command for coordinated response and to pacify Shandong; commanders and generals should each devote their full effort." On the gengyin day a comet appeared between the Mao and Bi mansions. That month Ming forces captured Jianning and Yanping circuits; Chen Youding was captured.
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二月壬寅朔，詔削擴廓帖木兒爵邑，命禿魯、李思齊等討之，詔曰：「擴廓帖木兒本非察罕帖木兒之宗，俾嗣職任，冀承遺烈，畀以相位，陟以師垣，崇以王爵，授以兵柄，顧乃憑藉寵靈，遂肆跋扈，構兵關陜，專事吞並。 貊高倡明大義，首發奸謀，關保弗信邪言，乃心王室，陳其罪惡，請正邦典。 今禿魯、李思齊，其率兵東下，共行天討。」 癸卯，武庫災。 癸丑，大明兵取東昌路，守將申榮、王輔元死之。 丙辰，擴廓帖木兒自澤州退守晉寧，關保守澤、潞二州，與貊高軍合。 己未，大明兵取寶慶路。 甲子，汀州路總管陳谷珍以城降於大明。 丙寅，大明兵取棣州。 是月，大明兵至河南，李思齊、張良弼等解兵西還。 詔命知樞密院事脫火赤、平章政事魏賽因不花進兵攻晉寧。 李思齊次渭南，張良弼次櫟陽。 興化、泉州、漳州、潮州四路皆降於大明。
In the second month, on the new moon of renyin, an edict stripped Köke Temür of his fief and title and ordered Tolu, Li Siqi, and others to campaign against him. The edict stated: "Köke Temür was not of Chaghan Temür's lineage; he was made to succeed the post in hope he would carry on the legacy, was given the chief ministry, raised to the military command, ennobled with a princely title, and entrusted with the command of troops — yet he relied on favor and then acted insolently, raised armies in Guan and Shaanxi, and devoted himself to annexation. Mo Gao proclaimed the great principle and was first to expose the treacherous plot; Guan Bao did not believe evil words and kept his heart with the royal house; they set forth his crimes and asked that the state's law be applied. Now Tolu and Li Siqi shall lead troops east and together execute Heaven's punishment." On the guimao day the armory suffered fire. On the guichou day Ming forces captured Dongchang Circuit; the defending generals Shen Rong and Wang Fuyuan died. On the bingchen day Köke Temür withdrew from Zezhou to hold Jinning; Guan Bao held Ze and Lu prefectures and joined with Mo Gao's army. On the jiwei day Ming forces captured Baoqing Circuit. On the jiazi day Tingzhou Circuit prefect Chen Guzhen surrendered the city to the Ming. On the bingyin day Ming forces captured Dizhou. That month Ming forces reached Henan; Li Siqi, Zhang Liangbi, and others disbanded their armies and marched back west. An edict ordered Bureau director Toγači and chief minister Esyin Buhua to advance troops and attack Jinning. Li Siqi encamped at Weinan; Zhang Liangbi encamped at Liyang. Xinghua, Quan, Zhang, and Chao circuits all surrendered to the Ming.
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三月庚寅，彗星見於西北。 壬辰，翰林學士承旨王時、太常院使陳祖仁上章，乞撫諭擴廓帖木兒，以兵勤王赴難。 是月，有星流於東北，眾小星隨之，其聲大震。 大明兵取河南。 李思齊、張良弼會兵駐潼關，火焚良弼營，思齊移軍葫蘆灘，調其所部張德斂、穆薛飛守潼關。 大明兵入潼關，攻李思齊營，思齊棄輜重，奔於鳳翔。 是月，大明兵取永州路，又取惠州路。
In the third month, on the gengyin day, a comet appeared in the northwest. On the renchen day Hanlin academician Cheng Wang and director of imperial sacrifices Chen Zuren submitted memorials begging that Köke Temür be reassured and that he bring troops as king's aid in the emergency. That month a star flew in the northeast and many small stars followed; the sound shook greatly. Ming forces captured Henan. Li Siqi and Zhang Liangbi joined forces garrisoned at Tong Pass; fire burned Liangbi's camp; Siqi moved his army to Hulu Beach and deployed his subordinates Zhang Deyi and Mu Xuefei to hold Tong Pass. Ming forces entered Tong Pass and attacked Li Siqi's camp; Siqi abandoned his baggage train and fled to Fengxiang. That month Ming forces captured Yongzhou Circuit and also captured Huizhou Circuit.
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夏四月辛丑朔，大明兵取英德州。 丙午，隕霜殺菽。 戊申，大明兵取廣州路，又取嵩、陜、汝等州。 五月庚午朔，大明兵取道州。 李克彜棄河南城，奔陜西，推李思齊為總兵，駐兵岐山。 是月，李思齊部將忽林赤、脫脫、張意據盩啡，高暠據武功，李克彜據岐山，任從政據隴州。 六月庚子朔，徐溝縣地震。 癸丑，大明兵取全州、郴州、梧州、藤州、潯州、貴、象、郁林等郡。 甲寅，雷雨中有火自天墜，焚大聖壽萬安寺。 壬戌，臨州、保德州地震，五日不止。 大明兵取靜江路。 是月，廣西諸郡縣皆附於大明。
In the fourth month of summer, on the new moon of xinchou, Ming forces captured Yingde Prefecture. On the bingwu day falling frost killed beans. On the wushen day Ming forces captured Guangzhou Circuit and also took Song, Shaan, and Ru prefectures. In the fifth month, on the new moon of gengwu, Ming forces captured Daozhou. Li Keyi abandoned Henan city and fled to Shaanxi, acclaiming Li Siqi as overall commander and stationing troops at Qishan. That month Li Siqi's subordinates Qolin Či, Totoγan, and Zhang Yi held Zhouzhi; Gao Shao held Wugong; Li Keyi held Qishan; and Ren Congzheng held Longzhou. In the sixth month, on the new moon of gengzi, Xugou County was shaken by earthquake. On the guichou day Ming forces captured Quan, Chen, Wuzhou, Teng, Xun, Gui, Xiang, and Yulin prefectures. On the jiayin day, amid thunder and rain, fire fell from the sky and burned the Temple of Great Sagely Longevity and Ten Thousand Peace. On the renxu day Linzhou and Baode Prefecture were shaken by earthquake for five days without stopping. Ming forces captured Jingjiang Circuit. That month all prefectures and counties in Guangxi submitted to the Ming.
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秋七月癸酉，京城紅氣滿空，如火照人，自旦至辰方息。 乙亥，京城黑氣起，百步內不見人，從寅至巳方消。 貊高、關保以兵攻晉寧。 是月，李思齊會李克彜、商暠、張意、脫列伯等於鳳翔。 海南、海北諸郡縣皆降於大明。 閏月己亥朔，擴廓帖木兒與貊高、關保戰，敗之，擒關保、貊高，遣其斷事官以聞。 詔：「關保、貊高，間諜構兵，可依軍法處治。」 關保、貊高皆被殺。 辛丑，大明兵取衛輝路。 癸卯，大明兵取彰德路。 乙巳，左江、右江諸路皆降於大明。 丁未，大明兵取廣平路。 丁巳，詔罷大撫軍院，誅知大撫軍院事伯顏帖木兒等。 詔復命擴廓帖木兒仍前河南王、太傅、中書左丞相，統領見部軍馬，由中道直抵彰德、衛輝； 太保、中書右丞相也速統率大軍，經由東道，水陸並進； 少保、陜西行省左丞相禿魯統率關陜諸軍，東出潼關，攻取河洛； 太尉、平章政事李思齊統率軍馬，南出七盤、金、商，克復汴洛。 四道進兵，掎角剿捕，毋分彼此。 秦國公、平章、知院俺普，平章瑣住等軍，東西布列，乘機掃殄。 太尉、遼陽左丞相也先不花，郡王、知院厚孫等軍，捍禦海口，藩屏畿輔。 皇太子愛猷識理達臘悉總天下兵馬，裁決庶務，具如前詔。 壬戌，白虹貫日。 癸亥，罷內府河役。 甲子，擴廓帖木兒自晉寧退守冀寧。 大明兵至通州。 知樞密院事卜顏帖木兒力戰，被擒死之。 左丞相失列門傳旨，令太常禮儀院使阿魯渾等，奉太廟列室神主與皇太子同北行。 阿魯渾等即至太廟，與署令王嗣宗、太祝哈剌不華襲護神主畢，仍留室內。 乙丑，白虹貫日。 罷內府興造。 詔淮王帖木兒不花監國，慶童為中書左丞相，同守京城。 丙寅，帝御清寧殿，集三宮后妃、皇太子、皇太子妃，同議避兵北行。 失列門及知樞密院事黑廝、宦者趙伯顏不花等諫，以為不可行，不聽。 伯顏不花慟哭諫曰：「天下者，世祖之天下，陛下當以死守，奈何棄之！ 臣等願率軍民及諸怯薛歹出城拒戰，願陛下固守京城。」 卒不聽。 至夜半，開健德門北奔。 八月庚午，大明兵入京城，國亡。
In the seventh month of autumn, on the guiyou day, red vapor filled the capital sky, shining on people like fire from dawn until the chen hour before it ceased. On the yihai day black vapor rose in the capital; within a hundred paces people could not be seen; it dissipated from yin to si. Mo Gao and Guan Bao attacked Jinning with troops. That month Li Siqi joined Li Keyi, Shang Shao, Zhang Yi, Toliber, and others at Fengxiang. All prefectures and counties in Hainan and Haibei submitted to the Ming. In the intercalary seventh month, on the new moon of jihai, Köke Temür fought Mo Gao and Guan Bao and defeated them, capturing Guan Bao and Mo Gao, and sent his judicial officer to report. An edict stated: "Guan Bao and Mo Gao, as spies, raised armies in discord — they may be dealt with according to military law." Guan Bao and Mo Gao were both executed. On the xinchou day Ming forces captured Weihui Circuit. On the guimao day Ming forces captured Zhangde Circuit. On the yisi day the left and right Jiang circuits all submitted to the Ming. On the dingwei day Ming forces captured Guangping Circuit. On the dingsi day an edict abolished the Great Pacification Army Office and executed Bayan Temür and others who managed its affairs. An edict again appointed Köke Temür to his former posts as Prince of Henan, grand preceptor, and left chief minister of the Secretariat, to take overall command of his present forces and, by the central route, advance straight to Zhangde and Weihui; Grand guardian and right chief minister Yesu was to lead the great army by the eastern route, advancing by land and water together; Junior guardian and Shaanxi left chief minister Tolu was to lead the Guan and Shaanxi armies, marching east out of Tong Pass to attack and take Heluo; Grand preceptor and chief minister Li Siqi was to lead his army south out of Qipan, Jin, and Shang to recover Bian and Luo. The four routes were to advance in concert, supporting one another in pursuit and suppression, without distinguishing priority. State duke and chief minister Anpu, chief minister Suoju, and other armies were to be deployed east and west, seizing opportunities to sweep away the enemy. Grand preceptor and Liaoyang left chief minister Yexian Buhua, prince and Bureau director Husun, and other armies were to defend the sea mouth and shield the capital region. The heir apparent Ayushiridara was to take overall command of all military forces under Heaven and decide all affairs, as in the former edict. On the renxu day a white rainbow pierced the sun. On the guihai day corvée on the inner palace river works was suspended. On the jiazi day Köke Temür withdrew from Jinning to hold Jining. Ming forces reached Tongzhou. Bureau director Buyan Temür fought fiercely and was captured and killed. Left chief minister Shiremen transmitted an order for director of imperial sacrifices Aruqun and others to escort the spirit tablets of the ancestral temple side chambers north together with the heir apparent. When Aruqun and the others reached the Imperial Ancestral Temple together with acting director Wang Sicong and libationer Qara Buqa, they had finished escorting the spirit tablets but still left them within the chambers. On the yichou day a white rainbow pierced the sun. Inner palace construction works were suspended. An edict appointed Prince of Huai Temür Buhua to supervise the state, with Qingtong as left chief minister of the Secretariat, jointly guarding the capital. On the bingyin day the emperor attended at the Qingning Hall and gathered the three palaces' empresses and consorts, the heir apparent, and the heir apparent's consort to discuss avoiding warfare by fleeing north. Shiremen and Bureau director Heisi and the eunuch Zhao Boyan Buhua remonstrated that this could not be done, but he would not listen. Boyan Buhua wept and remonstrated, saying: "The realm is the realm of Kublai; Your Majesty ought to defend it to the death — how can you abandon it! We your subjects are willing to lead troops and people and all the keshig to go out of the city and resist battle; we beg Your Majesty to hold the capital firm." In the end he would not listen. At midnight the Jiande Gate was opened and they fled north. In the eighth month, on the gengwu day, Ming forces entered the capital and the state perished.
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後一年，帝駐於應昌府，又一年，四月丙戌，帝因痢疾殂於應昌，壽五十一，在位三十六年。 太尉完者、院使觀音奴奉梓宮北葬。 五月癸卯，大明兵襲應昌府，皇孫買的裏八剌及后妃並寶玉皆被獲，皇太子愛猷識禮達臘從十數騎遁。 大明皇帝以帝知順天命，退避而去，特加其號曰順帝，而封買的裏八剌為崇禮侯。
One year later the emperor resided at Yingchang Prefecture; another year later, in the fourth month on the bingxu day, the emperor died of dysentery at Yingchang, aged fifty-one, having reigned thirty-six years. Grand preceptor Wanje and commissioner Guanyinnu escorted the coffin north for burial. In the fifth month, on the guimao day, Ming forces raided Yingchang Prefecture; the imperial grandson Maidilibala and the consorts together with jade treasures were all captured; the heir apparent Ayushiridara escaped with a dozen horsemen. The Ming emperor, considering that the emperor had known Heaven's mandate and withdrawn of his own accord, specially added to his title the designation Shundi, and enfeoffed Maidilibala as Marquis of Chongli.