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百官七
Official Posts 7
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行中書省，凡十一，秩從一品，掌國庶務，統郡縣，鎮邊鄙，與都省為表裏。 國初，有征伐之役，分任軍民之事，皆稱行省，未有定制。 中統、至元間，始分立行中書省，因事設官，官不必備，皆以省官出領其事。 其丞相，皆以宰執行某處省事系銜。 其後嫌於外重，改為某處行中書省。 凡錢糧、兵甲、屯種、漕運、軍國重事，無不領之。 至元二十四年，改行尚書省，尋復如舊。 至大二年，又改行尚書省，二年復如舊。 每省丞相一員，從一品； 平章二員，從一品； 右丞一員，左丞一員，正二品； 參知政事二員，從二品，甘肅、嶺北二省各減一員； 郎中二員，從五品； 員外郎二員，從六品； 都事二員，從七品； 掾史、蒙古必阇赤、回回令史、通事、知印、宣使，各省設員有差。 舊制參政之下，有僉省、有同僉之屬，後罷不置。 丞相或置或不置，尤慎於擇人，故往往缺焉。
There were eleven branch secretariats in all, ranked at senior first rank. They handled general state business, supervised prefectures and counties, secured the frontiers, and worked in tandem with the metropolitan secretariat at the center. In the dynasty's early years, whenever campaigns were undertaken, those charged with both military and civilian affairs were called "branch secretariats," but no fixed institution had yet been established. During the Zhongtong and Zhiyuan eras, separate branch secretariats were first instituted. Offices were created as needs arose, posts were not necessarily filled in full, and secretariat officials were dispatched to head each assignment. Each chancellor bore a concurrent title as councillor of state serving concurrently as commissioner for a given region's branch secretariat affairs. Later, because such titles seemed to grant too much regional weight, the designation was changed to a regional branch secretariat title. Revenue, armaments, garrison agriculture, canal transport, and every other major civil and military concern fell under their authority. In Zhiyuan 24 (1287) the name was changed to Branch Department of State Affairs, but the former title was soon restored. In Zhida 2 (1309) the name was again changed to Branch Department of State Affairs, and two years later reverted once more. Each branch secretariat had one chancellor, of senior first rank; two pingzhang, of senior first rank; one right and one left vice director, of regular second rank; two associate administrators, of junior second rank, with one post fewer each in Gansu and Lingbei; two directors, of junior fifth rank; two vice directors, of junior sixth rank; two secretariat clerks, of junior seventh rank; Secretarial clerks, Mongol bitxechi, Muslim clerks, interpreters, seal keepers, and envoys were allotted in varying numbers from province to province. Formerly, beneath the associate administrators there had also been branch commissioners and their deputies; these posts were later abolished and not restored. A chancellor might or might not be appointed; because candidates were chosen with exceptional care, the post was often left unfilled.
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河南江北等處行中書省。 至元五年，罷隨路奧魯官，詔參政阿裏僉行省事，於河南等路立省。 二十八年，以河南、江北系要沖之地，又新入版圖，宜於汴梁立省以控治之，遂署其地，統有河南十二路、七府。
Branch Secretariat for Henan, Jiangbei, and Other Regions In Zhiyuan 5 (1268) the circuit-level auru offices were abolished, and Associate Administrator Ali was ordered to head branch secretariat affairs and establish a secretariat in Henan and neighboring circuits. In year 28, because Henan and Jiangbei were vital corridors newly brought under rule, a secretariat was established at Bianliang to govern the region. It administered twelve circuits and seven prefectures of Henan.
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江浙等處行中書省。 至元十三年，初置江淮行省，治揚州。 二十一年，以地理民事非便，遷於杭州。 二十二年，割江北諸郡隸河南，改曰江浙行省，統有三十路、一府。
Branch Secretariat for Jiangzhe and Other Regions In Zhiyuan 13 (1276) the Jianghuai branch secretariat was first established, with its seat at Yangzhou. In year 21 the seat was moved to Hangzhou, as the location was ill suited to civil administration. In year 22 the Jiangbei prefectures north of the river were transferred to Henan, and the secretariat was renamed Jiangzhe, administering thirty circuits and one prefecture.
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江西等處行中書省，至元十四年置。 十五年，並入福建行省。 十七年，仍置省於龍興府，而福建自為行省，治泉州。 二十二年，以福建行省並入江西。 二十三年，又以福建省並入江浙。 本省統有十八路。
Branch Secretariat for Jiangxi and Other Regions, established in Zhiyuan 14 (1277). In year 15 it was merged into the Fujian branch secretariat. In year 17 the secretariat was restored at Longxing, while Fujian became a separate branch secretariat seated at Quanzhou. In year 22 the Fujian branch secretariat was merged back into Jiangxi. In year 23 Fujian was in turn merged into Jiangzhe. This secretariat ultimately administered eighteen circuits.
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湖廣等處行中書省。 至元十一年，右丞相伯顏伐宋，行中書省事於襄陽，尋以別將分省鄂州，為荊湖等路行中書省。 十三年，取潭州，即署省治之。 十八年，復徙置鄂州，統有三十路、三府。
Branch Secretariat for Huguang and Other Regions In Zhiyuan 11 (1274) Right Chancellor Bayan campaigned against Song and directed branch secretariat affairs from Xiangyang; a subordinate general soon set up a branch secretariat at Ezhou, forming the Jinghu branch secretariat. In year 13 Tanzhou was captured and the secretariat seat was established there at once. In year 18 the seat was moved back to Ezhou, administering thirty circuits and three prefectures.
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四川等處行中書省。 國初，其地總於陜西。 至元十八年，以陜西行中書分省四川。 二十三年，始置四川行省，署成都，統有九路、五府。
Branch Secretariat for Sichuan and Other Regions In the dynasty's early years the region was administered under Shaanxi. In Zhiyuan 18 (1281) Sichuan was detached as a separate branch from the Shaanxi secretariat. In year 23 the Sichuan branch secretariat was formally established at Chengdu, administering nine circuits and five prefectures.
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遼陽等處行中書省，至元二十四年置，治遼陽路，統有七路、一府。
Branch Secretariat for Liaoyang and Other Regions, established in Zhiyuan 24 (1287), seated at Liaoyang and administering seven circuits and one prefecture.
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甘肅等處行中書省。 中統二年，立行省於中興。 至元十年，罷之。 十八年復立，二十二年復罷，改立宣慰司。 二十三年，徙置中興省於甘州，立甘肅行省。 三十一年，分省按治寧夏，尋並歸之。 本省治甘州路，統有七路、二州。
Branch Secretariat for Gansu and Other Regions In Zhongtong 2 (1261) a branch secretariat was established at Zhongxing. It was abolished in Zhiyuan 10 (1273). It was restored in year 18, abolished again in year 22, and replaced by a pacification commission. In year 23 the Zhongxing secretariat was moved to Ganzhou and the Gansu branch secretariat was established. In year 31 a separate secretariat was created to administer Ningxia, but it was soon merged back in. The secretariat was seated at Ganzhou and administered seven circuits and two subprefectures.
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嶺北等處行中書省。 國初，太祖定都於哈剌和林河之西，因名其城曰和林，立元昌路。 中統元年，世祖遷都中興，始置宣慰司都元帥府。 大德十一年，改立和林等處行中書省，右丞相、左丞相各一員。 至大四年，省右丞相。 皇慶元年，改嶺北等處行中書省，設官如上，治和寧路，統有北邊等處。
Branch Secretariat for Lingbei and Other Regions In the dynasty's early years Taizu established his capital west of the Kerulen River and named the city Karakorum, creating Yuanchang Circuit. When Shizu moved the capital to Zhongxing in Zhongtong 1 (1260), a pacification commission and grand marshal's headquarters were first established there. In Dade 11 (1307) the Karakorum branch secretariat was established, with one right and one left chancellor. In Zhida 4 (1311) the post of right chancellor was eliminated. In Huangqing 1 (1312) it was renamed the Lingbei branch secretariat with the same staff as above, seated at Hewing and governing the northern frontier.
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雲南等處行中書省，即古南詔之地。 初，世祖征取以為郡縣，嘗封建宗王鎮撫其軍民。 至元十一年，始置行省，治中慶路，統有三十七路、五府。
Branch Secretariat for Yunnan and Other Regions, in the territory of the ancient Nanzhao kingdom. After Shizu conquered the region and organized it into prefectures and counties, imperial princes were at times enfeoffed to oversee its military and civilian affairs. In Zhiyuan 11 (1274) the branch secretariat was established at Zhongqing, administering thirty-seven circuits and five prefectures.
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征東等處行中書省。 至元二十年，以征日本國，命高麗王置省，典軍興之務，師還而罷。 大德三年，復立行省，以中國之法治之。 既而王言其非便，詔罷行省，從其國俗。 至治元年復置，以高麗王兼領丞相，得自奏選屬官，治沈陽，統有二府、一司、五道。
Branch Secretariat for the Eastern Campaign and Other Regions In Zhiyuan 20 (1283), for the campaign against Japan, the king of Goryeo was ordered to establish a secretariat to manage mobilization; it was abolished when the troops returned. In Dade 3 (1299) the branch secretariat was restored and the region was governed under Chinese administrative law. The king soon protested that this arrangement was unsuitable, and an edict abolished the secretariat so that local custom might prevail. It was restored in Zhizhi 1 (1321): the king of Goryeo served concurrently as chancellor, could memorialize and appoint his own subordinates, was seated at Shenyang, and administered two prefectures, one commission, and five circuits.
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各省屬官：檢校所，檢校一員，從七品； 書吏二人。 照磨所，照磨一員，正八品。 架閣庫，管勾一員，正八品。
Subordinate offices of each branch secretariat: an inspection office with one inspector of junior seventh rank; and two clerks. A record-checking office with one record checker of regular eighth rank. An archive repository with one superintendent of regular eighth rank.
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理問所，理問二員，正四品； 副理問二員，從五品； 知事一員，提控案牘一員。 都鎮撫司，都鎮撫一員，副都鎮撫一員。
A judicial inquiry office with two judicial inquirers of regular fourth rank; two vice judicial inquirers of junior fifth rank; one case manager and one archival controller. A chief pacification office with one chief pacifier and one deputy.
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宣慰司，掌軍民之務，分道以總郡縣，行省有政令則布於下，郡縣有請則為達於省。 有邊陲軍旅之事，則兼都元帥府，其次則止為元帥府。 其在遠服，又有招討、安撫、宣撫等使，品秩員數，各有差等。
Pacification commissions handled military and civilian affairs, each overseeing its circuit of prefectures and counties. They transmitted the branch secretariat's orders downward and carried local petitions upward. On the frontiers they also functioned as grand marshal's headquarters; elsewhere they served only as marshal's headquarters. In remote regions there were also commissioners for punitive campaigns, pacification, and consolation, differing in rank, grade, and staffing.
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宣慰使司，秩從二品。 每司宣慰使三員，從二品； 同知一員，從三品； 副使一員，正四品； 經歷一員，從六品； 都事一員，從七品； 照磨兼架閣管勾一員，正九品。 凡六道：山東東西道， 〈（益都路置。）〉 河東山西道， 〈（大同路置。）〉 淮東道， 〈（揚州置。）〉 浙東道， 〈（慶元路置。）〉 荊湖北道， 〈（中興路置。）〉 湖南道。 〈（天臨路置。）〉
Pacification commissioner offices were ranked at junior second grade. Each office had three pacification commissioners of junior second rank; one vice commissioner of junior third rank; one deputy commissioner of regular fourth rank; one administrator of junior sixth rank; one secretariat clerk of junior seventh rank; and one record checker who also served as archive superintendent, of regular ninth rank. There were six such circuits: Shandong East and West, (established at Yidu Circuit) Hedong and Shanxi, (established at Datong Circuit) Huaidong, (established at Yangzhou) Zhedong, (established at Qingyuan Circuit) Jinghu North, (established at Zhongxing Circuit) and Hunan. (established at Tianlin Circuit)
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宣慰使司都元帥府，秩從二品，使三員，同知二員，副使二員，經歷二員，知事二員，照磨兼架閣管勾一員。 廣東道， 〈（廣州置。）〉 大理金齒等處，蒙慶等處。
Pacification commissioner offices with grand marshal's headquarters were also ranked at junior second grade, with three commissioners, two vice commissioners, two deputies, two administrators, two case managers, and one record checker who also served as archive superintendent. Guangdong Circuit, (established at Guangzhou) Dali Gold Teeth and elsewhere; Mengqing and elsewhere.
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右二府，設官如上。 唯蒙慶一府，使二員，同知、副使各一員，經歷、都事亦減一員。
These two headquarters were staffed as described above. Only at Mengqing were there two commissioners, with one vice commissioner and one deputy commissioner each, and the administrator and secretariat clerk were each reduced by one post.
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廣西兩江道， 〈（靜江路置。）〉 海北海南道，福建道，八番順元等處，察罕腦兒等。
Guangxi Two Rivers, (established at Jingjiang Circuit) Haibei Hainan; Fujian; the Eight Fan Shunyuan and elsewhere; and Chaghan Nar and elsewhere.
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右五府，宣慰使都元帥三員，副都元帥、僉都元帥事各二員，余同上。
These five headquarters had three pacification commissioner grand marshals, two vice grand marshals and two associate grand marshals, with the remaining posts as above.
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宣慰使兼管軍萬戶府，每府宣慰使三員，同知、副使各一員，經歷一員，都事二員，照磨兼管勾一員。 曲靖等路，羅羅斯，臨安廣西道元江等處。 都元帥府，都元帥二員，副元帥二員，經歷、知事各一員。
Pacification commissioner offices that also administered military myriarchies each had three commissioners, one vice commissioner and one deputy commissioner, one administrator, two secretariat clerks, and one record checker who also served as archive controller. Qujing and other routes; Luoluo; and Lin'an Guangxi Circuit Yuanjiang and elsewhere. Grand marshal's headquarters had two grand marshals, two vice marshals, and one administrator and one case manager each.
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北庭、 〈（隸土番宣慰司。）〉 曲先塔林， 〈（都元帥三員。）〉 蒙古軍，征東。 〈（二府，都元帥各一員，副一員。）〉
Beshbalik, (subordinate to the Tufan Pacification Commission) Quxian-Talin, (three grand marshals) the Mongol Army Eastern Expedition headquarters. (two headquarters, each with one grand marshal and one deputy)
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元帥府，秩正三品，達魯花赤一員，元帥一員，經歷、知事各一員。
Marshal's headquarters were ranked at regular third grade, with one darughachi, one marshal, and one administrator and one case manager each.
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李店文州，帖城河裏洋脫，朵甘思，常陽，岷州，積石州，洮州路，脫思馬路，十八族。
Lidian Wen Prefecture; Tiechenghu Li Yangtuo; Do Kham; Changyang; Min Prefecture; Jishi Prefecture; Taozhou Route; Tuosima Route; and the Eighteen Clans.
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右九府，唯李店文州增置同知、副元帥各一員； 其餘八府，隸土蕃宣慰司，設官並同。
Of these nine headquarters, only Lidian Wen Prefecture had an additional vice commissioner and vice marshal; the other eight were subordinate to the Tufan Pacification Commission and were staffed identically.
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宣撫司，秩正三品，每司達魯花赤一員，宣撫一員，同知、副使各二員，僉事一員，計議、經歷、知事各一員，提控案牘架閣一員。 損益不同者，各附見於後。
Pacification commissioner offices were ranked at regular third grade, each with one darughachi, one commissioner, two vice commissioners and two deputies, one associate, one adviser, one administrator, one case manager, and one archival controller. Variations in staffing are noted separately below.
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廣南西道， 〈（不置副使、僉事。）〉 麗江路， 〈（以上隸雲南省。）〉 順元等處，播州，思州， 〈（以上隸湖廣省。）〉 斜南等處。 〈（隸四川行省，不置僉事、計議。）〉
Guangnan West, (with no deputy commissioner or associate) Lijiang, (the above subordinate to Yunnan Province) Shunyuan and elsewhere; Bozhou; Sizhou; (the above subordinate to Huguang Province) and Xienan and elsewhere. (subordinate to the Sichuan Branch Secretariat, with no associate or adviser)
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安撫司，秩正三品。 每司達魯花赤一員，安撫使一員，同知、副使、僉事各一員，經歷、知事各一員。 損益不同者，各附見於後。
Reassurance commissioner offices were ranked at regular third grade. Each office had one darughachi, one reassurance commissioner, one vice commissioner, one deputy commissioner, one associate, one administrator, and one case manager. Variations in staffing are noted separately below.
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師壁洞， 〈（不置達魯花赤。）〉 永順等處，散毛洞， 〈（以上隸四川省。）〉 羅番遏蠻軍， 〈（不置達魯花赤。）〉 程番武盛軍，金石番太平軍，臥龍番南寧州，小龍番靜蠻軍， 〈（不置同知、副使。）〉 大龍番應天府，洪番永盛軍，方番河中府，蘆番靜海軍， 〈（不置知事。）〉 新添葛蠻。 〈（以上隸湖廣省。）〉
Shibi, (with no darughachi) Yongshun and elsewhere; Sanmao Cave; (the above subordinate to Sichuan Province) Luofan Eman, (with no darughachi) Cheng Fan Wusheng Army; Jinshi Fan Taiping Army; Wolong Fan Nanning Prefecture; Xiaolong Fan Jingman Army; (with no vice commissioner or deputy commissioner) Dalong Fan Yingtian Prefecture; Hong Fan Yongsheng Army; Fang Fan Hezhong Prefecture; Lu Fan Jinghai Army; (with no case manager) and the newly added Gemans. (the above subordinate to Huguang Province)
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招討司，秩正三品，達魯花赤一員，招討使一員，經歷一員。
Pacification-by-subjugation offices were ranked at regular third grade, with one darughachi, one pacification commissioner, and one administrator.
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土番，剌馬剛等處，天全，倴） 不思，沿邊溪洞， 〈（以下各置副使一員，無達魯花赤。）〉 唆尼，諸番，征沔，長河西裏管軍，檐裏管軍，脫思馬田地。
Tufan; Lama Gang and elsewhere; Tianquan; and Chun Bisi; frontier stream-cave districts; (below, each had one deputy commissioner and no darughachi) Suoni; the various Fan; Zheng Mian; Changhe Xili military administration; Yanli military administration; and Tuosima fields.
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諸路萬戶府：
The myriarch headquarters of the various routes:
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上萬戶府，管軍七千之上。 達魯花赤一員，萬戶一員，俱正三品，虎符； 副萬戶一員，從三品，虎符。
An upper myriarchy commanded more than seven thousand troops. one darughachi and one myriarch, both of regular third rank, bearing tiger tallies; and one vice myriarch of junior third rank, also bearing a tiger tally.
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中萬戶府，管軍五千之上。 達魯花赤一員，萬戶一員，俱從三品，虎符； 副萬戶一員，正四品，金牌。
A middle myriarchy commanded more than five thousand troops. one darughachi and one myriarch, both of junior third rank, bearing tiger tallies; and one vice myriarch of regular fourth rank, bearing a gold plate.
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下萬戶府，管軍三千之上。 達魯花赤一員，萬戶一員，俱從三品，虎符； 副萬戶一員，從四品，金牌。 其官皆世襲，有功則升之。 每府設經歷一員，從七品； 知事一員，從八品； 提控案牘一員。
A lower myriarchy commanded more than three thousand troops. one darughachi and one myriarch, both of junior third rank, bearing tiger tallies; and one vice myriarch of junior fourth rank, bearing a gold plate. These posts were hereditary, with promotion granted for merit. Each headquarters had one administrator of junior seventh rank; one case manager of junior eighth rank; and one archival controller.
36
鎮撫司，鎮撫二員，蒙古、漢人參用。 上萬戶府正五品，中萬戶府從五品，俱金牌； 下萬戶府正六品，銀牌。
Pacification offices had two pacifiers, drawn from both Mongols and Han. in upper myriarchies they ranked at regular fifth grade with gold plates, and in middle myriarchies at junior fifth grade with gold plates; in lower myriarchies they ranked at regular sixth grade with silver plates.
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上千戶所，管軍七百之上。 達魯花赤一員，千戶一員，俱從四品，金牌； 副千戶一員，正五品，金牌。
An upper chilarchy commanded more than seven hundred troops. one darughachi and one chilarch, both of junior fourth rank, bearing gold plates; and one vice chilarch of regular fifth rank, bearing a gold plate.
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中千戶所，管軍五百之上。 達魯花赤一員，千戶一員，俱正五品，金牌； 副千戶一員，從五品，金牌。
A middle chilarchy commanded more than five hundred troops. one darughachi and one chilarch, both of regular fifth rank, bearing gold plates; and one vice chilarch of junior fifth rank, bearing a gold plate.
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下千戶所，管軍三百之上。 達魯花赤一員，千戶一員，俱從五品，金牌； 副千戶一員，正六品，銀牌。
A lower chilarchy commanded more than three hundred troops. one darughachi and one chilarch, both of junior fifth rank, bearing gold plates; and one vice chilarch of regular sixth rank, bearing a silver plate.
40
彈壓二員，蒙古、漢人參用。 上千戶所從八品，中下二所正九從九品內銓註。 上百戶所，百戶二員，蒙古一員，漢人一員，俱從六品，銀牌。 下百戶所，百戶一員，從七品，銀牌。
Two suppression officers were appointed, drawn from both Mongols and Han. In upper chilarchies they ranked at junior eighth grade; in middle and lower chilarchies appointments were made from the regular ninth and junior ninth grades. An upper centurionate had two centurions, one Mongol and one Han, both of junior sixth rank and bearing silver plates. A lower centurionate had one centurion of junior seventh rank, bearing a silver plate.
41
儒學提舉司，秩從五品。 各處行省所署之地，皆置一司，統諸路、府、州、縣學校祭祀教養錢糧之事，及考校呈進著述文字。 每司提舉一員，從五品； 副提舉一員，從七品； 吏目一人，司吏二人。
Confucian learning promotion offices were ranked at junior fifth grade. Wherever a branch secretariat was stationed, one such office oversaw schools, sacrifices, education, and funding for routes, prefectures, departments, and counties, and reviewed written works for submission. Each office had one promoter of junior fifth rank; and one deputy promoter of junior seventh rank; one clerk-in-charge and two office clerks.
42
蒙古提舉學校官，秩從五品。 提舉一員，從五品； 同提舉一員，從七品。 至元十八年置。 惟江浙、湖廣、江西三省有之，余省不置。
Mongol school promotion officials were ranked at junior fifth grade. one promoter of junior fifth rank; and one associate promoter of junior seventh rank. It was established in the eighteenth year of Zhiyuan. Only Jiangzhe, Huguang, and Jiangxi had such offices; the other provinces did not.
43
官醫提舉司，秩從六品，提舉一員，同提舉一員，副提舉一員，掌醫戶差役詞訟。 至元二十五年置。 河南、江浙、江西、湖廣、陜西五省各立一司，余省並無。
Government physician promotion offices were ranked at junior sixth grade, with one promoter, one associate promoter, and one deputy promoter, overseeing corvée and litigation for medical households. It was established in the twenty-fifth year of Zhiyuan. One office was established in each of Henan, Jiangzhe, Jiangxi, Huguang, and Shaanxi; the other provinces had none.
44
兩淮都轉運鹽使司，秩正三品。 國初，兩淮內附，以提舉馬裏範章專掌鹽課之事。 至元十四年，始置司於揚州。 使二員，正三品； 同知二員，正四品； 副使一員，正五品； 運判二員，正六品； 經歷一員，從七品； 知事一員，從八品； 照磨一員，從九品。 三十年，悉罷所轄鹽司，以其屬置場官。 大德四年，復置批驗所於真州、采石等處。
The Two Huai Circuit Salt Transport Commission ranked at regular third grade. At the dynasty's founding, when the Two Huai region submitted, promoter Mali Fanzhang was placed solely in charge of salt-revenue administration. In the fourteenth year of Zhiyuan, the commission was first established at Yangzhou. two commissioners of regular third rank; two vice commissioners of regular fourth rank; one deputy commissioner of regular fifth rank; two transport judges of regular sixth rank; one administrator of junior seventh rank; one case manager of junior eighth rank; and one record checker of junior ninth rank. In the thirtieth year, all subordinate salt offices under its jurisdiction were abolished and replaced with field officials. In the fourth year of Dade, inspection and verification offices were restored at Zhenzhou, Caishi, and elsewhere.
45
鹽場二十九所，每場司令一員，從七品； 司丞一員，從八品； 管勾一員，從九品。 辦鹽各有差。
There were twenty-nine salt fields, each with one field commander of junior seventh rank; one field vice director of junior eighth rank; and one archive controller of junior ninth rank. Each field's salt production quota varied.
46
呂四場，余東場，余中場，余西場，西亭場，金沙場，石塂） 場，掘港場，豐利場，馬塘場，拼茶場，角斜場，富安場，安豐場，梁垛場，東臺場，河垛場，丁溪場，小海場，草堰場，白駒場，劉莊場，五祐場，新興場，廟灣場，莞瀆場，板浦場，臨洪場，徐瀆浦場。
Lüsi, Yudong, Yuzhong, Yuxi, Xiting, Jinsha, and Shicheng Fields) Juegang, Fengli, Matang, Pincha, Jiaoxie, Fu'an, Anfeng, Liangduo, Dongtai, Heduo, Dingxi, Xiaohai, Caoyan, Baiju, Liuzhuang, Wuyou, Xinxing, Miaowan, Guandu, Banpu, Linhong, and Xudupu Fields.
47
批驗所，每所提領一員，正七品； 大使一員，正八品； 副使一員，正九品。 掌批驗鹽引。
Each inspection office had one director of regular seventh rank; one chief envoy of regular eighth rank; and one deputy envoy of regular ninth rank. They inspected and verified salt transport certificates.
48
兩浙都轉運鹽使司，秩正三品，使二員，同知二員，運判二員，經歷、知事各一員，照磨一員。 至元十四年，置司杭州。 大德三年，定其產鹽之地，立場有差，仍於杭州、嘉興、紹興、溫、臺等處，設檢校四所，專驗鹽袋，毋過常度。
The Two Zhe Circuit Salt Transport Commission ranked at regular third grade, with two commissioners, two vice commissioners, two transport judges, one administrator and one case manager each, and one record checker. In the fourteenth year of Zhiyuan, the commission was established at Hangzhou. In the third year of Dade, producing areas were demarcated and salt fields established accordingly; four inspection stations were also set up at Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Shaoxing, Wenzhou, Taizhou, and elsewhere to check that salt bags did not exceed the standard weight.
49
鹽場三十四所，每所司令一員，從七品； 司丞一員，從八品； 管勾一員，從九品。
There were thirty-four salt fields, each with one field commander of junior seventh rank; one field vice director of junior eighth rank; and one archive controller of junior ninth rank.
50
仁和場，許村場，西路場，下沙場，青村場，表部場，浦東場，橫浦場，蘆瀝場，海沙場，鮑郎場，西興場，錢清場，三江場，曹娥場，石堰場，鳴鶴場，清泉場，長山場，穿山場，岱山場，玉泉場，蘆花場，大嵩場，昌國場，永嘉場，雙穗場，天富南監，長林場，黃巖場，杜瀆場，天富北監，長亭場，龍頭場。
Renhe, Xucun, Xilu, Xiasha, Qingcun, Biaobu, Pudong, Hengpu, Luli, Haisha, Baolang, Xixing, Qianqing, Sanjiang, Cao'e, Shiyan, Minghe, Qingquan, Changshan, Chuanshan, Daishan, Yuquan, Luhua, Dasong, Changguo, Yongjia, Shuangsu, Tianfu South Superintendency, Changlin, Huangyan, Dudu, Tianfu North Superintendency, Changting, and Longtou Fields.
51
福建等處都轉運鹽使司，秩正三品，使二員，同知二員，運判二員，經歷、知事各一員，照磨一員。 至元十四年，始置市舶司，領煎鹽征課之事。 二十四年，改立鹽運司。 二十九年罷，立提舉司。 大德四年，復為運司。 九年復罷，並入元帥府兼掌之。 十年，復立都提舉司。 至大四年，復升運司，徑隸行省。 凡置鹽場七所：
The Fujian Circuit Salt Transport Commission ranked at regular third grade, with two commissioners, two vice commissioners, two transport judges, one administrator and one case manager each, and one record checker. In the fourteenth year of Zhiyuan, a maritime trade office was first established to administer boiled-salt taxation. In the twenty-fourth year, it was reorganized as a salt transport commission. In the twenty-ninth year it was abolished and replaced with a promotion office. In the fourth year of Dade, it was restored as a transport commission. In the ninth year it was abolished again and absorbed into the marshal's headquarters. In the tenth year, a circuit promotion office was restored. In the fourth year of Zhida, it was again elevated to a transport commission under direct branch secretariat control. Seven salt fields were established in all:
52
鹽場七所，每所司令一員，從七品； 司丞一員，從八品； 管勾一員，從九品。
There were seven salt fields, each with one field commander of junior seventh rank; one field vice director of junior eighth rank; and one archive controller of junior ninth rank.
53
海口場，牛田場，上裏場，惠安場，潯美場，浯洲場，氵丙洲場。
Haikou, Niutian, Shangli, Huian, Xunmei, Wuzhou, and Bingzhou Fields.
54
廣東鹽課提舉司。 至元十三年，始從廣州煎辦鹽課。 十六年，隸江西鹽鐵茶都轉運司。 二十二年，並入宣慰司。 二十三年，置市舶提舉司。 大德四年，改廣東鹽課提舉司。 提舉一員，從五品； 同提舉一員，從六品； 副提舉一員，從七品。 其屬附見：
The Guangdong Salt Revenue Promotion Office. In the thirteenth year of Zhiyuan, salt revenue was first produced and levied from Guangzhou. In the sixteenth year, it was placed under the Jiangxi Salt, Iron, and Tea Circuit Transport Commission. In the twenty-second year, it was absorbed into the pacification commission. In the twenty-third year, a maritime trade promotion office was established. In the fourth year of Dade, it was reorganized as the Guangdong Salt Revenue Promotion Office. one promoter of junior fifth rank; one associate promoter of junior sixth rank; and one deputy promoter of junior seventh rank. Subordinate offices are listed below:
55
鹽場十三所，每所司令一員，從七品； 司丞一員，從八品； 管勾一員，從九品。
There were thirteen salt fields, each with one field commander of junior seventh rank; one field vice director of junior eighth rank; and one archive controller of junior ninth rank.
56
靖康場，歸德場，東莞場，黃田場，香山場，矬峒場，雙恩場，鹹水場，淡水場，石橋場，隆井場，招收場，小江場。
Jingkang, Guide, Dongguan, Huangtian, Xiangshan, Cuodong, Shuang'en, Xianshui, Danshui, Shiqiao, Longjing, Zhaoshou, and Xiaojiang Fields.
57
四川茶鹽轉運司。 成都鹽井九十五處，散在諸郡山中。 至元二年，置興元四川轉運司，專掌煎熬辦課之事。 八年罷之。 十六年，復立轉運司。 十八年，並入四道宣慰司。 十九年，復立陜西四川轉運司，通轄諸課程事。 二十二年，置四川茶鹽運司，秩從三品，使一員，同知、副使、運判各一員，經歷、知事、照磨各一員。
The Sichuan Tea and Salt Transport Commission. There were ninety-five salt wells in the Chengdu region, scattered through the mountains of various prefectures. In the second year of Zhiyuan, the Xingyuan Sichuan transport commission was established to oversee salt boiling and revenue collection. It was abolished in the eighth year. In the sixteenth year, the transport commission was restored. In the eighteenth year, it was absorbed into the four circuit pacification commissions. In the nineteenth year, the Shaanxi-Sichuan transport commission was restored with jurisdiction over all revenue items. In the twenty-second year, the Sichuan Tea and Salt Transport Commission was established at junior third grade, with one commissioner, one vice commissioner, one deputy commissioner, and one transport judge, and one administrator, one case manager, and one record checker each.
58
鹽場一十二所，每所司令一員，從七品； 司丞一員，從八品； 管勾一員，從九品。
There were twelve salt fields, each with one field commander of junior seventh rank; one field vice director of junior eighth rank; and one archive controller of junior ninth rank.
59
簡鹽場，隆鹽場，綿鹽場，潼川場，遂實場，順慶場，保寧場，嘉定場，長寧場，紹慶場，雲安場，大寧場。
Jianyan, Longyan, Mianyan, Tongchuan, Suishi, Shunqing, Baoning, Jiading, Changning, Shaoqing, Yun'an, and Daning Fields.
60
廣海鹽課提舉司，至元三十一年置，專職鹽課，秩正四品。 都提舉二員，從四品； 同提舉二員，從五品； 副提舉二員，從六品； 知事一員，提控案牘一員。
The Guanghai Salt Revenue Promotion Office was established in the thirty-first year of Zhiyuan to administer salt revenue alone, ranked at regular fourth grade. two circuit promoters of junior fourth rank; two associate promoters of junior fifth rank; two deputy promoters of junior sixth rank; one case manager and one archival controller.
61
市舶提舉司。 至元二十三年，立鹽課市舶提舉司，隸廣東宣慰司。 三十年，立海南博易提舉司。 至大四年罷之，禁下番船只。 延祐元年，弛其禁，改立泉州、廣東、慶元三市舶提舉司。 每司提舉二員，從五品； 同提舉二員，從六品； 副提舉二員，從七品； 知事一員。
The Maritime Trade Promotion Office. In the twenty-third year of Zhiyuan, a salt-revenue maritime trade promotion office was established under the Guangdong Pacification Commission. In the thirtieth year, a Hainan barter promotion office was established. In the fourth year of Zhida it was abolished and foreign-bound shipping was prohibited. In the first year of Yanyou, the ban was lifted and maritime trade promotion offices were established at Quanzhou, Guangdong, and Qingyuan. Each office had two promoters of junior fifth rank; two associate promoters of junior sixth rank; two deputy promoters of junior seventh rank; and one case manager.
62
海道運糧萬戶府，至元二十年置，秩正三品，掌每歲海道運糧供給大都。 達魯花赤一員，萬戶一員，並正三品； 副萬戶四員，從三品； 經歷一員，從七品； 知事一員，從八品； 照磨一員，從九品； 鎮撫二員，正五品。 其屬附見：
The Sea Route Grain Transport Myriarchy was established in the twentieth year of Zhiyuan, ranked at regular third grade, to convey grain by sea each year to supply Dadu. one darughachi and one myriarch, both of regular third rank; four vice myriarchs of junior third rank; one administrator of junior seventh rank; one case manager of junior eighth rank; one record checker of junior ninth rank; and two pacifiers of regular fifth rank. Subordinate offices are listed below:
63
海運千戶所，秩正五品。 達魯花一員，千戶二員，並正五品； 副千戶三員，從五品。 若溫臺，若慶元紹興，若杭州嘉興，若昆山崇明、常熟江陰等處，凡五所，而平江又有海運香莎糯米千戶所。
The Sea Transport Chilarchy was ranked at regular fifth grade. one darughachi and two chilarchs, all of regular fifth rank; and three vice chilarchs of junior fifth rank. Such offices existed at Wenzhou and Taizhou, Qingyuan and Shaoxing, Hangzhou and Jiaxing, and Kunshan, Chongming, Changshu, and Jiangyin—five in all—while Pingjiang also maintained a Sea Transport Aromatic-Sedge and Glutinous-Rice Chilarchy.
64
諸路總管府，至元初置。 二十年，定十萬戶之上者為上路，十萬戶之下者為下路，當沖要者，雖不及十萬戶亦為上路。 上路秩正三品，達魯花赤一員，總管一員，並正三品，兼管勸農事，江北則兼諸軍奧魯，同知、治中、判官各一員。 下路秩從三品，不置治中員，而同知如治中之秩，余悉同上。 至元二十三年，置推官二員，專治刑獄，下路一員。 經歷一員，知事一員或二員，照磨兼承發架閣一員，司吏無定制，隨事繁簡以為多寡之額； 譯史、通事各一人。 其屬附見：
Circuit general administrations were established at the beginning of the Zhiyuan era. In year twenty, routes with more than one hundred thousand registered households were designated upper routes and those below that threshold lower routes; strategically vital routes were ranked as upper routes even when their household count fell short. Upper routes were ranked at regular third grade, with one darughachi and one general commissioner, both of regular third grade, who jointly oversaw agricultural encouragement—in Jiangbei they also supervised military auru—with one vice commissioner, one administrative aide, and one judicial officer each. Lower routes were ranked at junior third grade, with no separate administrative aide; the vice commissioner held the same rank as an administrative aide, and all other posts matched those on upper routes. In Zhiyuan 23 (1286), two review officials were established to handle criminal cases exclusively; lower routes had one. each route also had one administrator, one or two case managers, and one record checker who also served as archive superintendent; the number of office clerks was not fixed but scaled to the volume of business; along with one translator-clerk and one interpreter. Subordinate offices are listed below:
65
儒學教授一員，秩九品。 諸路各設一員，及學正一員、學錄一員。 其散府、上中州，亦設教授一員，下州設學正一員。 蒙古教授一員，正九品。
One Confucian learning instructor, rank ninth grade: each route had one such instructor, plus one director of learning and one learning registrar. Subordinate prefectures and upper and middle prefectures each had one instructor; lower prefectures had a director of learning instead. One Mongol instructor of regular ninth rank.
66
醫學教授一員。 陰陽教授一員。 司獄司，司獄一員，丞一員。 平準行用庫，提領、大使、副使各一員。
one medical instructor, and one yin-yang instructor. A prison office with one warden and one vice warden; a stabilization and circulation repository with one chief superintendent, one director, and one vice director;
67
織染局，局使一員，副使一員。 雜造局，大使一員，副使一員。 府倉，大使一員，副使一員。 惠民藥局，提領一員。
a dyeing and weaving bureau with one bureau director and one vice director; a miscellaneous manufactures bureau with one director and one vice director; a prefectural granary with one director and one vice director; a public welfare pharmacy with one chief superintendent;
68
稅務，提領一員，大使、副使各一員。
and a tax office with one chief superintendent, one director, and one vice director.
69
錄事司，秩正八品。 凡路府所治，置一司，以掌城中戶民之事。 中統二年，詔驗民戶，定為員數。 二千戶以上，設錄事、司候、判官各一員； 二千戶以下，省判官不置。 至元二十年，置達魯花赤一員，省司候，以判官兼捕盜之事，典史一員。 若城市民少，則不置司，歸之倚郭縣。 在兩京，則為警巡院。 獨杭州置四司，後省為左、右兩司。
The Record Office was ranked at regular eighth grade. Wherever a route or prefectural seat was located, one such office was established to manage urban household affairs. In Zhongtong 2 (1261), an edict ordered household registers verified and staff quotas fixed. Routes with more than two thousand urban households had one record registrar, one judicial inspector, and one judicial officer; those with fewer than two thousand omitted the judicial officer. In Zhiyuan 20 (1283), one darughachi was added, the judicial inspector was eliminated, and the judicial officer also handled bandit suppression, with one archivist. Where urban population was sparse, no record office was established and duties fell to the adjoining county. In the two capitals the equivalent office was the patrol and inspection court. Hangzhou alone initially had four such offices, later reduced to left and right offices.
70
散府，秩正四品，達魯花赤一員，知府或府尹一員，領勸農奧魯與路同； 同知一員，判官一員，推官一員，知事一員，提控案牘一員。 所在有隸諸路及宣慰司、行省者，有直隸省部者，有統州縣者，有不統縣者，其制各有差等。
Subordinate prefectures were ranked at regular fourth grade, each with one darughachi and one prefect or prefectural intendant who, like route officials, oversaw agricultural encouragement and auru affairs; one vice commissioner, one judicial officer, one review official, one case manager, and one archival controller. Some answered to routes, pacification commissions, or branch secretariats; others reported directly to the metropolitan departments; some governed prefectures and counties while others did not—their arrangements varied accordingly.
71
諸州。 中統五年，並立州縣，未有等差。 至元三年，定一萬五千戶之上者為上州，六千戶之上者為中州，六千戶之下者為下州。 江南既平，二十年，又定其地五萬戶之上者為上州，三萬戶之上者為中州，不及三萬戶者為下州。 於是升縣為州者四十有四。 縣戶雖多，附路府者不改。 上州：達魯花赤、州尹秩從四品，同知秩正六品，判官秩正七品。 中州：達魯花赤、知州並正五品，同知從六品，判官從七品。 下州：達魯花赤、知州並從五品，同知正七品，判官正八品，兼捕盜之事。 參佐官：上州，知事、提控案牘各一員； 中州，吏目、提控案牘各一員； 下州，吏目一員或二員。
Prefectures. In Zhongtong 5 (1264), prefectures and counties were established together, but no rank distinctions had yet been set. In Zhiyuan 3 (1266), prefectures with more than fifteen thousand households were designated upper prefectures, those above six thousand middle prefectures, and those below six thousand lower prefectures. After the Jiangnan region was pacified, new thresholds were set in year twenty: fifty thousand households for upper prefectures, thirty thousand for middle prefectures, and below thirty thousand for lower prefectures. Forty-four counties were consequently promoted to prefecture status. Counties with large populations that were subordinate to routes or prefectures were not reclassified. Upper prefectures: the darughachi and prefectural intendant held junior fourth rank; the vice commissioner regular sixth rank; the judicial officer regular seventh rank. Middle prefectures: the darughachi and prefect both held regular fifth rank; the vice commissioner junior sixth rank; the judicial officer junior seventh rank. Lower prefectures: the darughachi and prefect both held junior fifth rank; the vice commissioner regular seventh rank; the judicial officer regular eighth rank, who also handled bandit suppression. Assistant staff: upper prefectures had one case manager and one archival controller; middle prefectures had one clerk-in-charge and one archival controller; lower prefectures had one or two clerks-in-charge.
72
諸縣。 至元三年，合並江北州縣。 六千戶之上者為上縣，二千戶之上者為中縣，不及二千戶者為下縣。 二十年，又定江淮以南，三萬戶之上者為上縣，一萬戶之上者為中縣，一萬戶之下者為下縣。 上縣，秩從六品，達魯花赤一員，尹一員，丞一員，簿一員，尉一員，典史二員。 中縣，秩正七品，不置丞，余悉如上縣之制。 下縣，秩從七品，置官如中縣，民少事簡之地，則以簿兼尉。 後又別置尉，尉主捕盜之事，別有印。 典史一員。 巡檢司，秩九品，巡檢一員。
Counties. In Zhiyuan 3 (1266), prefectures and counties in Jiangbei were consolidated. Counties above six thousand households were upper counties, those above two thousand middle counties, and those below two thousand lower counties. In year twenty, south of the Huai and Yangzi new thresholds applied: thirty thousand households for upper counties, ten thousand for middle counties, and below ten thousand for lower counties. Upper counties were ranked at junior sixth grade, with one darughachi, one magistrate, one vice magistrate, one registrar, one constable captain, and two archivists. Middle counties were ranked at regular seventh grade and had no vice magistrate; all other posts matched those of upper counties. Lower counties were ranked at junior seventh grade with posts as in middle counties; in sparsely populated places with light caseloads, the registrar doubled as constable captain. Later a separate constable captain was restored to handle bandit suppression under his own seal. with one archivist. Patrolling inspector offices of ninth rank had one patrolling inspector.
73
諸軍，唯邊遠之地有之，各統屬縣，其秩如下州，其設官置吏亦如之。
Military colonies existed only on remote frontiers. Each was subordinate to a county, ranked like a lower prefecture, and staffed with comparable officials.
74
諸蠻夷長官司。 西南夷諸溪洞各置長官司，秩如下州，達魯花赤、長官、副長官，參用其土人為之。
Chieftain offices of barbarian and Yi peoples. Chieftain offices were established in the stream-caves of the southwestern Yi, ranked like lower prefectures, with darughachi, chieftain, and vice chieftain—native officials were appointed to these posts alongside Mongol supervisors.
75
各處脫脫禾孫，掌辨使臣奸偽。 正一員，從五品； 副一員，正七品。 勛一十階：上柱國 〈（正一品）〉 輕車都尉 〈（從三品）〉 柱國 〈（從一品）〉 上騎都尉 〈（正四品）〉
Tuqtuqson offices were established throughout the empire to detect forged envoy credentials. one chief of junior fifth rank; and one deputy of regular seventh rank. There were ten grades of merit rank: Upper Pillar of State (regular first rank) Commandant of Light Chariots (junior third rank) Pillar of State (junior first rank) Upper Commandant of Cavalry (regular fourth rank)
76
上護軍 〈（正二品）〉 騎都尉 〈（從四品）〉 護軍 〈（從二品）〉 驍騎尉 〈（正五品）〉 上輕車都尉 〈（正三品）〉 飛騎尉 〈（從五品）〉
Upper Protector-General (regular second rank) Commandant of Cavalry (junior fourth rank) Protector-General (junior second rank) Commandant of Valiant Cavalry (regular fifth rank) Upper Commandant of Light Chariots (regular third rank) Commandant of Flying Cavalry (junior fifth rank)
77
爵八等：王 〈（正一品）〉 郡侯 〈（從三品）〉 郡王 〈（從一品）〉 郡伯 〈（正四品）〉 國公 〈（正二品）〉 郡伯 〈（從四品）〉
There were eight grades of peerage: king (regular first rank) Marquis of a Commandery (junior third rank) Prince of a Commandery (junior first rank) Earl of a Commandery (regular fourth rank) Duke of a State (regular second rank) Earl of a Commandery (junior fourth rank)
78
郡公 〈（從二品）〉 縣子 〈（正五品）〉 郡侯 〈（正三品）〉 縣男 〈（從五品）〉
Duke of a Commandery (junior second rank) Viscount of a County (regular fifth rank) Marquis of a Commandery (regular third rank) Baron of a County (junior fifth rank)
79
右勛爵，若上柱國、郡王、國公，時有除拜者，余則止於封贈用之。 文散官四十二：開府儀同三司中憲大夫儀同三司中順大夫 〈（以上正四品）〉
As for merit peerages, titles such as Upper Pillar of State, Prince of a Commandery, and Duke of a State were occasionally bestowed as active appointments; the remainder were used only for enfeoffment and posthumous conferral. There were forty-two civil scatter ranks: Commissioner with Opening Office and Ceremonial Equal to the Three Excellencies, Grand Master of Palace Attendance for Integrity, Commissioner with Ceremonial Equal to the Three Excellencies, and Grand Master of Palace Attendance for Compliance (all regular fourth rank)
80
特進朝請大夫崇進朝散大夫金紫光祿大夫朝列大夫 〈（以上從四品）〉 銀青榮祿大夫 〈（以上俱正一品）〉 奉政大夫
Special Advancement Grand Master for Court Appearances, Honored Advancement Grand Master for Court Scattered Service, Grand Master of Golden Countersign and Purple Radiance, and Grand Master for Court Array (all junior fourth rank) Grand Master of Silver Blue-Green Girdle and Glorious Blessings (all regular first rank) Grand Master for Supporting Governance
81
光祿大夫奉議大夫 〈（以上正五品）〉 榮祿大夫 〈（以上從一品）〉 奉直大夫資德大夫奉訓大夫 〈（以上從五品）〉
Grand Master of Splendid Service and Grand Master for Supporting Discussion (all regular fifth rank) Grand Master for Glorious Blessings (all junior first rank) Grand Master for Supporting Integrity, Grand Master of Virtuous Talent, and Grand Master for Supporting Instruction (all junior fifth rank)
82
資政大夫承德郎資善大夫 〈（以上正二品）〉 承直郎 〈（以上正六品）〉 正奉大夫儒林郎通奉大夫承務郎 〈（以上從六品）〉
Grand Master of Resourceful Governance, Gentleman for Upholding Virtue, and Grand Master for Supporting Goodness (all regular second rank) Gentleman for Upholding Integrity (all regular sixth rank) Grand Master for Correct Support, Gentleman of the Forest of Scholars, Grand Master for Universal Support, and Gentleman for Receiving Duties (all junior sixth rank)
83
中奉大夫 〈（以上從二品）〉 文林郎正議大夫承事郎 〈（以上正七品）〉 通議大夫征事郎嘉議大夫 〈（以上正三品）〉 從事郎 〈（以上從七品）〉
Grand Master for Central Support (all junior second rank) Gentleman of the Forest of Letters, Grand Master for Correct Discussion, and Gentleman for Receiving Affairs (all regular seventh rank) Grand Master for Discussion of Governance, Gentleman for Dispatching Affairs, and Grand Master for Commendable Discussion (all regular third rank) Gentleman for Attending Affairs (all junior seventh rank)
84
太中大夫登仕郎中大夫將仕郎 〈（以上正八品）〉 亞中大夫 〈（以上從三品，舊為少中，延祐改亞中。）〉 登仕佐郎
Grand Master of Grand Centralism, Gentleman for Entering Office, Grand Master of the Center, and Gentleman for Aspiring to Office (all regular eighth rank) Grand Master of Sub-Centralism (all junior third rank; formerly called Shaozhong; in Yanyou changed to Yazhong) Adjunct Gentleman for Entering Office
85
中議大夫將仕佐郎 〈（以上從八品）〉
Grand Master for Central Discussion and Adjunct Gentleman for Aspiring to Office (all junior eighth rank)
86
右文散官四十二階，由一品至五品為宣授，六品至九品為敕授。 敕授則中書署牒，宣授則以制命之。 一品至五品者服紫，六品至七品者服緋，八品至九品者服綠，武官以下皆如之。 其官常對品，惟九品無散官，則但舉其職而已，武官雜職亦如之。
The forty-two grades of civil scatter ranks were commissioned by proclamation from first through fifth rank and by edict from sixth through ninth rank. Edict commissions were issued by writ from the central secretariat; proclamation commissions were conferred by imperial ordinance. Officials of first through fifth rank wore purple; sixth and seventh ranks wore scarlet; eighth and ninth ranks wore green—and military officers followed the same scheme. Regular offices ordinarily corresponded to their ranks; only ninth-rank posts had no scatter rank, and in those cases only the actual office was cited. Military officers and miscellaneous appointments followed the same rule.
87
武散官三十四階：龍虎衛上將軍宣武將軍 〈（以上從四品）〉 金吾衛上將軍武節將軍驃騎衛上將軍 〈（以上正二品）〉 武德將軍 〈（以上正五品）〉
There were thirty-four grades of military scatter rank: General-in-Chief of the Dragon-Tiger Guard and General of Proclaiming Martiality (all junior fourth rank) General-in-Chief of the Golden Guard, General of Martial Integrity, and General-in-Chief of the Flying Cavalry Guard (all regular second rank) General of Martial Virtue (all regular fifth rank)
88
奉國上將軍武義將軍輔國上將軍武略將軍 〈（以上從五品）〉 鎮國上將軍 〈（以上從二品）〉 承信校尉昭武大將軍昭信校尉 〈（以上正六品）〉
General-in-Chief Who Supports the State, General of Martial Righteousness, General-in-Chief Who Assists the State, and General of Martial Strategy (all junior fifth rank) General-in-Chief Who Settles the State (all junior second rank) Commandant Who Upholds Integrity, Grand General of Proclaimed Martiality, and Commandant of Proclaimed Integrity (all regular sixth rank)
89
昭勇大將軍忠武校尉昭毅大將軍 〈（以上正三品）〉 忠顯校尉 〈（以上從六品）〉 安遠大將軍忠勇校尉定遠大將軍忠翊校尉 〈（以上正七品）〉
Grand General of Proclaimed Valor, Commandant of Loyal Martiality, and Grand General of Proclaimed Resoluteness (all regular third rank) Commandant of Loyal Distinction (all junior sixth rank) Grand General for Pacifying the Distant, Commandant of Loyal Valor, Grand General for Settling the Distant, and Commandant of Loyal Assistance (all regular seventh rank)
90
懷遠大將軍 〈（以上從三品）〉 修武校尉廣威將軍敦武校尉 〈（以上從七品）〉 宣威將軍保義校尉明威將軍 〈（以上正四品）〉 進義校尉 〈（以上正八品）〉
Grand General for Cherishing the Distant (all junior third rank) Commandant for Cultivating Martiality, General of Extensive Martial Prowess, and Commandant for Honest Martiality (all junior seventh rank) General of Proclaimed Martial Prowess, Commandant for Upholding Righteousness, and General of Illustrious Martial Prowess (all regular fourth rank) Commandant for Advancing Righteousness (all regular eighth rank)
91
信武將軍保義副尉顯武將軍進義副尉 〈（以上從八品）〉
General of Trustworthy Martiality, Deputy Commandant for Upholding Righteousness, General of Manifest Martiality, and Deputy Commandant for Advancing Righteousness (all junior eighth rank)
92
右武散官三十四階，自龍虎衛上將軍至進義副尉，由正二品至從八品，其除授具前。 內侍散官一十四：中散大夫 〈（正二品）〉 通禦郎 〈（從五品）〉
The thirty-four grades of military scatter rank ran from General-in-Chief of the Dragon-Tiger Guard to Deputy Commandant for Advancing Righteousness, spanning regular second rank through junior eighth rank; their appointments and investitures followed the rules stated above. There were fourteen inner palace scatter ranks, beginning with Grand Master of Central Scattered Service (regular second rank) Gentleman for Universal Defense (junior fifth rank)
93
中引大夫 〈（從二品）〉 侍直郎 〈（正六品）〉 中禦大夫 〈（正三品）〉 內直郎 〈（從六品）〉 侍中大夫 〈（從三品）〉 司謁郎 〈（正七品）〉
Grand Master for Central Guidance (junior second rank) Gentleman for Attending in Attendance (regular sixth rank) Grand Master for Central Defense (regular third rank) Gentleman for Inner Attendance (junior sixth rank) Grand Master for Attending Within (junior third rank) Gentleman Superintendent of Audiences (regular seventh rank)
94
中衛大夫 〈（正四品）〉 司閽郎 〈（從七品）〉 中涓大夫 〈（從四品）〉 司奉郎 〈（正八品）〉 通侍郎 〈（正五品）〉 司引郎 〈（從八品）〉
Grand Master for Central Guard (regular fourth rank) Gentleman Superintendent of Gatekeepers (junior seventh rank) Grand Master for Central Attendants (junior fourth rank) Gentleman Superintendent of Offerings (regular eighth rank) Vice Gentleman for Universal Attendance (regular fifth rank) Gentleman Superintendent of Guidance (junior eighth rank)
95
右內侍品秩一十四階，自中散至司引，由正二品至從八品，其除授具前。 司天散官一十四：欽象大夫 〈（從三品）〉 候儀郎 〈（從六品）〉 明時大夫司正郎 〈（正七品）〉
The fourteen grades of inner palace rank ran from Grand Master of Central Scattered Service to Gentleman Superintendent of Guidance, spanning regular second rank through junior eighth rank; their appointments and investitures followed the rules stated above. There were fourteen astronomy scatter ranks, beginning with Grand Master for Revering the Heavens (junior third rank) Gentleman for Observing Regalia (junior sixth rank) Grand Master for Illuminating the Seasons and Gentleman Superintendent of Corrections (regular seventh rank)
96
頒朔大夫 〈（以上正四品）〉 平秩郎 〈（從七品）〉 保章大夫 〈（從四品）〉 正紀郎司玄大夫 〈（正五品）〉 挈壺郎 〈（以上正八品）〉 授時郎 〈（從五品）〉 司歷郎
Grand Master for Issuing the Calendar (all regular fourth rank) Gentleman for Aligning the Sequences (junior seventh rank) Grand Master for Preserving the Emblems (junior fourth rank) Gentleman for Correcting the Records and Grand Master Superintendent of the Mysteries (regular fifth rank) Gentleman for Raising the Clepsydra (all regular eighth rank) Gentleman for Conferring the Seasons (junior fifth rank) Gentleman Superintendent of the Calendar
97
靈臺郎 〈（正六品）〉 司辰郎 〈（以上從八品）〉
Gentleman of the Sacred Observatory (regular sixth rank) Gentleman Superintendent of the Hours (all junior eighth rank)
98
右司天品秩一十四階，自欽象至司辰，由從三品至從八品，其除授具前。 太醫散官一十五：保宜大夫成和郎 〈（從六品）〉 保康大夫 〈（以上從三品）〉 成全郎 〈（正七品）〉
The fourteen grades of astronomy rank ran from Grand Master for Revering the Heavens to Gentleman Superintendent of the Hours, spanning junior third rank through junior eighth rank; their appointments and investitures followed the rules stated above. There were fifteen imperial medicine scatter ranks, beginning with Grand Master for Preserving Suitability and Gentleman for Complete Harmony (junior sixth rank) Grand Master for Preserving Health (all junior third rank) Gentleman for Complete Fulfillment (regular seventh rank)
99
保安大夫醫正郎 〈（從七品）〉 保和大夫 〈（以上正四品）〉 醫效郎保順大夫 〈（從四品）〉 醫候郎 〈（以上正八品）〉 保沖大夫 〈（正五品）〉 醫痊郎
Grand Master for Preserving Safety and Gentleman Medical Director (junior seventh rank) Grand Master for Preserving Harmony (all regular fourth rank) Gentleman for Medical Efficacy and Grand Master for Preserving Compliance (junior fourth rank) Gentleman for Medical Diagnosis (all regular eighth rank) Grand Master for Preserving Moderation (regular fifth rank) Gentleman for Healing Diseases
100
保全郎 〈（從五品）〉 醫愈郎 〈（以上從八品）〉 成安郎 〈（正六品）〉
Gentleman for Complete Preservation (junior fifth rank) Gentleman for Medical Recovery (all junior eighth rank) Gentleman for Complete Peace (regular sixth rank)
101
右太醫品秩一十五階，自保宜至醫愈，亦由從三品至從八品，其除授具前。 教坊司散官十五：雲韶大夫司樂郎 〈（從六品）〉
The fifteen grades of imperial medicine rank ran from Grand Master for Preserving Suitability to Gentleman for Medical Recovery, likewise spanning junior third rank through junior eighth rank; their appointments and investitures followed the rules stated above. There were fifteen Music Bureau scatter ranks, beginning with Grand Master of Cloud Music and Gentleman Superintendent of Music (junior sixth rank)
102
仙韶大夫 〈（以上從三品）〉 協樂郎 〈（正七品）〉 長寧大夫和樂郎 〈（從七品）〉 德和大夫 〈（以上正四品）〉 司音郎協律大夫 〈（從四品）〉 司律郎 〈（以上正八品）〉
Grand Master of Immortal Music (all junior third rank) Gentleman for Harmonizing Music (regular seventh rank) Grand Master for Lasting Tranquility and Gentleman for Harmonizing Music (junior seventh rank) Grand Master of Virtuous Harmony (all regular fourth rank) Gentleman Superintendent of Tones and Grand Master for Harmonizing Pitch (junior fourth rank) Gentleman Superintendent of Pitch (all regular eighth rank)
103
嘉成大夫 〈（正五品）〉 和聲郎純和郎 〈（從五品）〉 和節郎 〈（以上從八品）〉 調音郎 〈（正六品）〉
Grand Master of Fine Accomplishment (regular fifth rank) Gentleman for Harmonizing Sound and Gentleman for Pure Harmony (junior fifth rank) Gentleman for Harmonizing Meter (all junior eighth rank) Gentleman for Adjusting Tones (regular sixth rank)
104
右教坊品秩一十五階，自雲韶至和節，由從三品至從八品，其除授具前。
The fifteen grades of Music Bureau rank ran from Grand Master of Cloud Music to Gentleman for Harmonizing Meter, spanning junior third rank through junior eighth rank; their appointments and investitures followed the rules stated above.