1
兵三○馬政
Military 3 — Horse Administration
2
西北馬多天下，秦、漢而下，載籍蓋可考已。 元起朔方，俗善騎射，因以弓馬之利取天下，古或未之有。 蓋其沙漠萬里，牧養蕃息，太僕之馬，殆不可以數計，亦一代之盛哉。
The northwest possessed the finest horses in the realm, and from the Qin and Han dynasties onward this fact is amply documented in the historical records. The Yuan dynasty rose from the northern frontier, where the people excelled at mounted archery; relying on the superiority of bow and horse they conquered the empire—an achievement perhaps without parallel in antiquity. Across deserts ten thousand li wide their herds multiplied without end; the horses under the Imperial Pasturage could hardly be numbered at all—such was the magnificence of that dynasty.
3
世祖中統四年，設群牧所，隸太府監。 尋升尚牧監，又升太僕院，改衛尉院。 院廢，立太僕寺，屬之宣徽院。 後隸中書省，典掌御位下、大斡耳朵馬。 其牧地，東越耽羅，北踰火裏禿麻，西至甘肅，南暨雲南等地，凡一十四處，自上都、大都以至玉你伯牙、折連怯呆兒，周回萬里，無非牧地。
In the fourth year of the Zhongtong era, Emperor Shizu established the Pasturage Office under the Imperial Treasury Directorate. It was soon elevated to the Superior Pasturage Directorate, then to the Imperial Pasturage Court, and later renamed the Court of Palace Receptions. When that court was abolished, the Imperial Pasturage Temple was founded and placed under the Xuanhui Court. It was later placed under the Secretariat and charged with the horses of the Imperial Presence and the Great Ordo. Its grazing grounds reached east beyond Tamna, north beyond Qoliyutama, west to Gansu, and south into Yunnan—fourteen districts in all. From Shangdu and Dadu to Yuniboya and Jelenchede'er, a circuit of ten thousand li was devoted entirely to pasturage.
4
馬之群，或千百，或三五十，左股烙以官印，號大印子馬。 其印有兵古、貶古、闊卜川、月思古、斡欒等名。 牧人曰哈赤、哈剌赤； 有千戶、百戶，父子相承任事。 自夏及冬，隨地之宜，行逐水草，十月各至本地。 朝廷歲以九月、十月遣寺官馳驛閱視，較其多寡，有所產駒，即烙印取勘，收除見在數目，造蒙古、回回、漢字文冊以聞，其總數蓋不可知也。 凡病死者三，則令牧人償大牝馬一，二則償二歲馬一，一則償牝羊一，其無馬者以羊、駝、牛折納。
Horse herds ranged from a few dozen to several thousand; the left thigh was branded with the official seal, and these were known as great seal-brand horses. The brands bore such names as Binggu, Biangu, Kuobuchuan, Yuesigu, Woluan, and the like. The herdsmen were called qachi and qarajin; with thousand-household and hundred-household officers who passed their duties from father to son. From summer through winter they followed the seasons, driving their herds after grass and water; in the tenth month each returned to his home pasture. Every year in the ninth and tenth months the court sent temple officials by relay to inspect the herds and compare their numbers. Newborn foals were branded and registered at once, current totals were tallied, and reports were drawn up in Mongol, Uighur, and Chinese script—but the grand total could scarcely be known. If three horses died of illness, the herdsman had to replace them with one adult mare; for two deaths, one two-year-old horse; for one death, one ewe. Herdsmen without horses paid compensation in sheep, camels, or cattle at the prescribed conversion rates.
5
太廟祀事暨諸寺影堂用乳酪，則供牝馬； 駕仗及宮人出入，則供尚乘馬。 車駕行幸上都，太僕卿以下皆從，先驅馬出健德門外，取其肥可取乳者以行，汰其羸瘦不堪者還於群。 自天子以及諸王百官，各以脫羅氈置撒帳，為取乳室。 車駕還京師，太僕卿先期遣使征馬五十醞都來京師。 醞都者，承乳車之名也。 既至，俾哈赤、哈剌赤之在朝為卿大夫者，親秣飼之，日釀黑馬乳以奉玉食，謂之細乳。 每醞都，牝馬四十。 每牝馬一，官給芻一束、菽八升。 駒一，給芻一束、菽五升。 菽貴，則其半以小稻充。 自諸王百官而下，亦有馬乳之供，醞都如前之數，而馬減四之一，謂之細乳。 芻粟要旬取給於度支，寺官亦以旬詣閑廄閱肥瘠。 又自世祖而下山陵，各有醞都，取馬乳以供祀事，號金陵擠馬，越五年，盡以與守山陵使者。
For sacrifices at the Imperial Ancestral Temple and for the portrait halls of the various temples that required dairy products, mares were supplied; for the imperial equipage and for palace attendants traveling in and out of the palace, Superior Riding horses were provided. When the emperor traveled to Shangdu, the minister of imperial pasturage and his subordinates accompanied him. Advance herds were driven out beyond Jiande Gate; the fattest mares suitable for milking went with the court, while the lean and unfit were culled back to the main herds. From the emperor down to the princes and officials, each pitched a felt tent lined with tuoluo felt as a milking station. When the emperor returned to the capital, the minister of imperial pasturage sent envoys ahead of time to bring fifty ündür teams of horses to the capital. Ündür was the name given to the milk-collection wagons. Once they arrived, qachi and qarajin who held ministerial rank at court fed the mares personally, fermenting black mare's milk daily for the imperial table—this was called fine milk. Each ündür team comprised forty mares. For each mare the government issued one bundle of fodder and eight sheng of beans. For each foal, one bundle of fodder and five sheng of beans were issued. When beans were expensive, half the ration was supplied in hulled rice instead. Princes and officials likewise received mare's milk; they were allotted the same number of ündür, but with one quarter fewer horses—this reduced supply was called the secondary milk service. Fodder and grain rations were drawn every ten days from the revenue office, and temple officials likewise inspected the spare stables every ten days to check the horses' condition. From Emperor Shizu onward each imperial tomb also maintained ündür teams to supply mare's milk for sacrifices—these were called the Jinling pressing horses. After five years they were turned over entirely to the tomb-guard envoys.
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凡御位下、正宮位下、隨朝諸色目人員，甘肅、土番、耽羅、雲南、占城、蘆州、河西、亦奚卜薛、和林、斡難、怯魯連、阿剌忽馬乞、哈剌木連、亦乞裏思、亦思渾察、成海、阿察脫不罕、折連怯呆兒等處草地，內及江南、腹裏諸處，應有系官孳生馬、牛、駝、騾、羊點數之處，一十四道牧地，各千戶、百戶等名目如左：
For all lands under the Imperial Presence, the Principal Palace, and the various semuren attached to the court—from Gansu, Tibet, Tamna, Yunnan, Champa, Luzhou, Hexi, Yixibuxue, Karakorum, the Onon, the Kerulen, Arqumaqi, Qarumughun, Yiqilisi, Yisihunucha, Chenghai, Achatobuhan, Jelenchede'er, and elsewhere—and within Jiangnan and the interior wherever state herds of horses, cattle, camels, mules, and sheep were registered, there were fourteen pasturage circuits. The thousand-household and hundred-household titles for each are listed below:
7
東路折連怯呆兒等處，玉你伯牙、上都周圍，哈剌木連等處，阿剌忽馬乞等處，斡斤川等處，阿察脫不罕等處，甘州等處，左手永平等處，右手固安州等處，雲南亦奚卜薛，蘆州，益都，火裏禿麻，高麗耽羅國。
The eastern circuit comprised Jelenchede'er and related districts; Yuniboya and the Shangdu region; Qarumughun and related districts; Arqumaqi and related districts; Wojinchuan and related districts; Achatobuhan and related districts; Ganzhou and related districts; the left-hand Yongping circuit; the right-hand Gu'an Prefecture circuit; Yunnan Yixibuxue; Luzhou; Yidu; Qoliyutama; and Goryeo with the kingdom of Tamna.
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一，折連怯呆兒等處御位下：折連怯呆兒地哈剌赤千戶買買、買的、撒臺、怯兒八思、闊闊來、塔失鐵木兒、哈剌那海、伯要<角┦>、也兒的思、撒的迷失、教化、太鐵木兒、塔都、也先、木薛肥、不思塔八、不兒都、麻失不顏臺、撒敦。 按赤、忽裏哈赤千戶下百戶脫脫木兒。 兀魯兀內土阿八剌哈赤闊闊出。 徹徹地撒剌八。 薛裏溫、你裏溫、斡脫忽赤、哈剌鐵木兒。 哈思罕地僧家奴。 玉你伯牙斷頭山百戶哈只。
1. Under the Imperial Presence in the Jelenchede'er district: qarajin thousand-households at Jelenchede'er—Maimai, Maidi, Satai, Qierbasi, Kuokuolai, Tashitemuer, Qaranaihai, Boyao Jir, Yierdesi, Sademishi, Jiaohua, Tataiemuer, Tadu, Yexian, Muxuefei, Busitaba, Buerdu, Mashibuyantai, and Sadun. Under the qachi thousand-households of Anchi and Huli: the hundred-household Tuotuomuer. At Wuluwuneitu: qachi Abarla Kuokuochu. At Cheche: Salaba. Xueliwen, Nilwen, Wotuohuchi, and Qaratiemuer. At Hasihan: Sengjianu. At Yuniboya, Duantoushan: the hundred-household Hazhi.
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一，玉你伯牙等處御位下：玉你伯牙地哈剌赤百戶忽兒禿哈、兀都蠻、燕鐵木兒、暗出忽兒、也先禿滿、玉龍鐵木兒、月思哥、明裏不蘭。
1. Under the Imperial Presence in the Yuniboya district: qarajin hundred-households at Yuniboya—Huerduha, Wuduman, Yantiemuer, Anchuhuer, Yexiantuman, Yulongtiemuer, Yuesige, and Minglibulan.
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大斡耳朵位下：乞剌裏郭羅赤馬某等。 哈裏牙兒茍赤別鐵木兒。 伯只剌茍赤阿藍答兒。 阿察兒伯顏茍赤教化的等。 塔魯內亦兒哥赤、塔裏牙赤等。 伯只剌阿塔赤忽兒禿哈。 桃山太師月赤察兒分出鐵木兒等。 伯顏只魯幹阿塔赤禿忽魯等。 玉你伯牙奴禿赤、火你赤。
Under the Great Ordo: Qiliguoluochi Mou and others. At Hariyaer: qachi Bietiemuer. At Bozhila: qachi Alandaer. At Achaboyan: qachi Jiaohua and others. At Talune: yiergechi, taliyachi, and others. At Bozhila: atachi Huerduha. At Taoshan: Grand Preceptor Yuechichaer's detached division—Tiemuer and others. At Boyanzhilugan: atachi Tuhulu and others. At Yuniboya: nutuchi and Huonichi.
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一，哈剌木連等處御位下：阿失溫忽都地八都兒。 希徹禿地吉兒<角┦>。 哈察木敦。 火石腦兒哈塔、咬羅海牙、撒的。 換撒裏真按赤哈答。 須知忽都哈剌赤別乞。 軍腦兒哈剌赤火羅思。 玉龍占徹。 雲內州拙裏牙赤昌罕。 察罕腦兒欠昔思。 棠樹兒安魯罕。 石頭山禿忽魯。 牙不罕你裏溫脫脫木兒。 開成路黑水河不花。
1. Under the Imperial Presence in the Qarumughun district: at Ashiwenhudu, Baduer. At Xichedu: Jier Jir. Qachamudun. At Huoshinaoer: Hata, Yaoluohaiya, and Sade. At Huansalizhen: anchi Hada. At Xuzhihudu: qarajin Bieqi. At Junniaoer: qarajin Huoluosi. Yulong Zhanche. At Yunnei Prefecture: zhuoliyachi Changhan. At Chahannaoer: Qianxisi. At Tangshuer: Anluhan. At Shitoushan: Tuhulu. At Yabuhan, Nilwen: Tuotuomuer. At Kaicheng Circuit, Heishui River: Buhua.
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大斡耳朵位下：完者。
Under the Great Ordo: Wanzhe.
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一，阿剌忽馬乞等處御位下：阿剌忽馬乞地哈剌赤百戶按不憐、乾鐵哥、火石鐵木兒、末赤、卯罕、不蘭奚、孛羅罕。 怯魯連地哈剌赤千戶床八失，百戶怯兒的、小薛幹、別鐵列不作、孛羅、串都、也速、典列、坦的裏、也裏迷失、忙兀<角┦>。 斡難地蘭盞兒、未者、哈只不花等。
1. Under the Imperial Presence in the Arqumaqi district: qarajin hundred-households at Arqumaqi—Anbulian, Qiantiege, Huoshitiemuer, Mochi, Maohan, Bulanxi, and Boluohan. On the Kerulen: qarajin thousand-household Chuangbashi; hundred-households Qierde, Xiaoxuegan, Bietieliebuzuo, Boluo, Chuandu, Yisu, Dianlie, Tandeli, Yelimishi, and Mangwu Jir. On the Onon: Lanzhaner, Weizhe, Hazhibuhua, and others.
14
大斡耳朵位下：阿剌忽馬乞按灰等。 闊苦地闊赤斤等。
Under the Great Ordo: Arqumaqi Anhui and others. At Kuoku: Kuochijin and others.
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一，斡斤川等處御位下：斡斤川地哈剌赤千戶月魯、阿剌鐵木兒、塔塔塔察兒。 拙裏牙赤斡羅孫，馬塔哈兒哈地哈剌為千戶當失、燕忽裏，歡差太難。 闊闊地兀奴忽赤忙兀<角┦>。 怯魯連八剌哈赤八兒麻思。
1. Under the Imperial Presence in the Wojinchuan district: qarajin thousand-households at Wojinchuan—Yuelu, Alatiemuer, and Tatatachaer. Zhuoliyachi Woluosun; at Matahaerha, qarajin thousand-households Dangshi, Yanhuli, and Huanchaitainan. At Kuokuo: wunuhuchi Mangwu Jir. At Kerulen Balaha: qachi Baermasi.
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大斡耳朵位下：馬塔哈兒哈怯連口只兒哈忽。
Under the Great Ordo: Matahaerha Qieliankou Zhierhahu.
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一，阿察脫不罕等處御位下：阿察脫不罕地哈赤守納。 斡川劄馬昔寶赤忙哥撒兒。 火羅罕按赤禿忽赤。 成海後火義罕塔兒罕、按赤也先。 黃兀兒不剌按赤末兒哥、忽林失。 應裏哥地按赤哈丹、忽臺迷失。 應吉列古哈剌赤不魯。 亦兒渾察西哈剌赤。 答蘭速魯哈剌赤八隻吉兒。 哈兒哈孫不剌哈剌赤阿兒禿。
1. Under the Imperial Presence in the Achatobuhan district: at Achatobuhan, qachi Shouna. At Wochuanzha: Maxibaochi Manggesaer. At Huoluohan: anchi Tuhuchi. At Chenghai Houhuo: Yihan Taerhan and anchi Yexian. At Huangwuerbula: anchi Moerge and Hulinshi. At Yinglige: anchi Hadan and Hutaimishi. At Yingjiliegu: qarajin Bulu. At Yierhunchaxi: qarajin. At Dalansulu: qarajin Bazhijier. At Haerhasunbula: qarajin Aertu.
18
大斡耳朵位下：怯魯連火你赤塔剌海。
Under the Great Ordo: Kerulen Huonichi Talahai.
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一，甘州等處御位下：口千子哈剌不花一所。 奧魯赤一所。 阿剌沙阿蘭山兀都蠻。 亦不剌金一所。 寬徹幹。 塔塔安地普安。 勝回地劉子總管。 闊闊思地太鐵木兒等。 甘州等處楊住普。 撥可連地撒兒吉思。 只哈禿屯田地安童一所。 哈剌班忽都拙裏牙赤耳眉。
1. Under the Imperial Presence in the Ganzhou district: Kouqianzi Qarabuhua, one establishment. Aoluchi, one establishment. At Alasha and Alanshan: Wuduman. Yibulajin, one establishment. Kuanchegan. At Tataan: Puan. At Shenghui: Supervisor Liu Zi. At Kuokuo: Tataiemuer and others. At Ganzhou and elsewhere: Yang Zhupu. At Bokelian: Saerjisi. At Zhihatuntian: Antong, one establishment. At Qarabanhudu: zhuoliyachi Ermei.
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一，左手永平等處御位下：永平地哈剌赤千戶六十。 樂亭地拙裏牙赤、阿都赤、答剌赤迷裏迷失，亦兒哥赤馬某撒兒答。 香河按赤定住、亦馬赤速哥鐵木兒。 河西務愛牙赤孛羅<角┦>。 漷州哈剌赤脫忽察。 桃花島青昔寶赤赤班等。
1. Under the Imperial Presence in the left-hand Yongping circuit: at Yongping, sixty qarajin thousand-households. At Leting: zhuoliyachi, aduchi, dalachi Milimishi, and yiergechi Mou Saerda. At Xianghe: anchi Dingzhu and Yimachi Sugatiemuer. At Hexiwu: Aiyachi Boluo Jir. At Huazhou: qarajin Tuohucha. At Taohuadao: qingshibaochi Chiban and others.
21
大斡耳朵位下：河西務玉提赤百戶馬劄兒。
Under the Great Ordo: at Hexiwu, yutichi hundred-household Mazhaer.
22
一，右手固安州四怯薛八剌哈赤平章那懷為長：固安州哈剌赤脫忽察，哈赤忽裏哈赤、按赤不都兒。 真定昔寶赤脫脫。 左衛哈剌赤塔不<角┦>。 青州哈剌赤阿哈不花。 涿州哈剌赤不魯哈思。
1. Under the Imperial Presence in the right-hand Gu'an Prefecture circuit, headed by Chief Minister Nayihuai of the four keshik bala qachi: at Gu'an Prefecture, qarajin Tuohucha; qachi Huliqachi and anchi Buduer. At Zhending: xibaochi Tuotuo. Left Guard: qarajin Tabu Jir. At Qingzhou: qarajin Ahabuhua. At Zhuozhou: qarajin Buluhasi.
23
一，雲南亦奚卜薛鐵木兒不花為長。 一，蘆州。 一，益都哈剌赤忽都鐵木兒。 一，火裏禿麻太勝忽兒為長。
1. Yunnan Yixibuxue, headed by Tiemuer Buhua. 1. Luzhou. 1. Yidu: qarajin Hudutiemu. 1. Qoliyutama, headed by Taishenghuer.
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一，高麗耽羅。 ○屯田
1. Goryeo and Tamna. ○ Garrison Farming
25
古者寓兵於農，漢、魏而下，始置屯田為守邊之計。 有國者善用其法，則亦養兵息民之要道也。 國初，用兵征討，遇堅城大敵，則必屯田以守之。 海內既一，於是內而各衛，外而行省，皆立屯田，以資軍餉。 或因古之制，或以地之宜，其為慮蓋甚詳密矣。 大抵芍陂、洪澤、甘、肅、瓜、沙，因昔人之制，其地利蓋不減於舊； 和林、陜西、四川等地，則因地之宜而肇為之，亦未嘗遺其利焉。 至於雲南八番，海南、海北，雖非屯田之所，而以為蠻夷腹心之地，則又因制兵屯旅以控扼之。 由是而天下無不可屯之兵，無不可耕之地矣。 今故著其建置增損之概，而內外所轄軍民屯田，各以次列焉。
In antiquity the state quartered troops among the peasantry; from the Han and Wei dynasties onward, garrison colonies were first established to guard the frontiers. States that applied the system effectively thereby sustained their armies while sparing the common people—an essential policy. In the founding campaigns, whenever the army met a formidable walled city or a powerful foe, garrison farming was invariably established to hold the position. After the empire was unified, garrison farms were established within the realm at each guard and in each outer branch secretariat to supply military rations. Some followed ancient precedents and some adapted to local conditions; the planning was exceedingly thorough. In general Shaoqi, Hongze, Gan, Su, Guazhou, and Shazhou followed earlier systems, and their natural advantages were scarcely diminished from former times; Karakorum, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and other regions were first opened according to local conditions, and their benefits were never neglected. Yunnan, the Eight Circuits, Hainan, and Haibei were not classic garrison-farming regions, yet as the heartlands of frontier peoples troops were stationed there by standing practice to hold them in check. Thus throughout the realm there was no region where troops could not be stationed and no land that could not be tilled. The general outline of their establishment and subsequent changes is therefore recorded here, with military and civilian garrison farms under inner and outer jurisdiction each listed in turn.
26
樞密院所轄
Under the Bureau of Military Affairs
27
左衛屯田：世祖中統三年三月，調樞密院二千人，於東安州南、永清縣東荒土及本衛元占牧地，立屯開耕，分置左右手屯田千戶所，為軍二千名，為田一千三百一十頃六十五畝。
Left Guard Garrison Farm: In the third month of the third year of Zhongtong, Emperor Shizu transferred two thousand men from the Bureau of Military Affairs to open cultivation on wasteland south of Dong'an Prefecture and east of Yongqing County and on the guard's former pasture lands, establishing left- and right-hand garrison-farming thousand-household offices with two thousand soldiers farming 1,310 qing and 65 mu.
28
右衛屯田：世祖中統三年三月，調本衛軍二千人，於永清、益津等處立屯開耕，分置左右手屯田千戶所。 其屯軍田畝之數，與左衛同。
Right Guard Garrison Farm: In the third month of the third year of Zhongtong, two thousand men of this guard were sent to open cultivation at Yongqing, Yijin, and elsewhere, with left- and right-hand garrison-farming thousand-household offices established. The number of garrison soldiers and field acreage matched the Left Guard.
29
中衛屯田：世祖至元四年，於武清、香河等縣置立。 十一年，以各屯地界，相去百餘里，往來耕作不便，遷於河西務、荒莊、楊家口、青臺、楊家白等處。 其屯軍之數，與左衛同，為田一千三十七頃八十二畝。
Central Guard Garrison Farm: In the fourth year of Zhiyuan, farms were established in Wuqing, Xianghe, and other counties. In the eleventh year, because the garrison plots lay more than a hundred li apart and travel was inconvenient, the farms were relocated to Hexiwu, Huangzhuang, Yangjiakou, Qingtai, Yangjiabai, and other sites. The garrison numbered the same as the Left Guard, with 1,037 qing and 82 mu under cultivation.
30
前衛屯田：世祖至元十五年九月，以各省軍人備侍衛者，於霸州、保定、涿州荒閑地土屯種，分置左右手屯田千戶所。 屯軍與左衛同，為田一千頃。
Forward Guard Garrison Farm: In the ninth month of the fifteenth year of Zhiyuan, provincial soldiers serving as palace guards were set to garrison farming on idle lands in Bazhou, Baoding, and Zhuozhou, with left- and right-hand thousand-household offices established. The garrison matched the Left Guard in size, with 1,000 qing of fields.
31
後衛屯田：置立歲月與前衛同。 後以永清等處田畝低下，遷昌平縣之太平莊。 泰定三年五月，以太平莊乃世祖經行之地，營盤所在，春秋往來，牧放衛士頭匹，不宜與漢軍立屯，遂罷之，止於舊立屯所，耕作如故。 屯軍與左衛同，為田一千四百二十八頃一十四畝。
Rear Guard Garrison Farm: Established in the same month and year as the Forward Guard. Later, because the fields around Yongqing were poor, the farm was moved to Taipingzhuang in Changping County. In the fifth month of the third year of Taiding, Taipingzhuang was recognized as ground Shizu had traversed and where guard horses were pastured each spring and autumn; Han garrison troops were withdrawn from there, and farming resumed at the original sites. The garrison matched the Left Guard, with 1,428 qing and 14 mu of fields.
32
左翼屯田萬戶府：世祖至元二十六年二月，罷蒙古侍衛軍從人之屯田者，別以斡端、別十八里回還漢軍，及大名、衛輝兩翼新附軍，與前、後二衛迤東還戍士卒合並屯田，設左、右翼屯田萬戶府以領之。 遂於大都路霸州及河間等處立屯開耕，置漢軍左右手二千戶、新附軍六千戶所，為軍二千五十一名，為田一千三百九十九頃五十二畝。
Left-Flank Garrison-Farming Ten-Thousand-Household Office: In the second month of the twenty-sixth year of Zhiyuan, Mongol palace guards were withdrawn from garrison farming and replaced by Han troops from Woduan and Biebashibali, newly attached troops from Daming and Weihui, and eastern-returning soldiers of the Forward and Rear guards, organized under left- and right-flank ten-thousand-household offices. Farms were opened at Bazhou in Dadu Circuit and in Hejian and elsewhere, with Han left- and right-hand two-thousand-household offices and a newly attached six-thousand-household office—2,051 soldiers farming 1,399 qing and 52 mu.
33
忠翊侍衛屯田：世祖至元二十九年十一月，命各萬戶府，摘大同、隆興、太原、平陽等處軍人四千名，於燕只哥赤斤地面及紅城周回，置立屯田，開耕荒田二千頃，仍命西京宣慰司領其事，後改立大同等處屯儲萬戶府以領之。 成宗大德十一年，改侍衛親軍都指揮使司，仍領屯田。 武宗至大四年，以黃華嶺新附屯田軍一千人並歸本衛，別立屯署。 是年，改大同侍衛為中都威衛，屬之徽政院，分屯軍二千置弩軍翼，止以二千人分置左右手屯田千戶所，黃華嶺新附軍屯如故。 仁宗延祐二年，遷紅城屯軍於古北口、太平莊屯種。 五年，復簽中都威衛軍八百人，於左都威衛所轄地內別立屯署。 七年十二月，罷左都威衛及太平莊、白草營等處屯田，復於紅城周回立屯，仍屬中都威衛。 英宗至治元年，始改為忠翊侍衛，屯田如故，為田二千頃。 後移置屯所，不知其數。
Loyal Support Palace Guard Garrison Farm: In the eleventh month of the twenty-ninth year of Zhiyuan, four thousand soldiers were selected from Datong, Longxing, Taiyuan, Pingyang, and elsewhere to farm the Yanzhigezhijin tract and lands around Hongcheng, opening two thousand qing of wasteland under the Western Capital pacification commission, later the Datong Garrison-Storage Ten-Thousand-Household Office. In the eleventh year of Dade under Chengzong, it became the Palace Guard Personal-Army Command, which continued to oversee garrison farming. In the fourth year of Zhida under Wuzong, one thousand soldiers from the Huanghualing newly attached garrison farm were merged into this guard under a separate garrison office. That year the Datong guard became the Central Capital Weiguard under the Xuanhui Court: two thousand soldiers formed a crossbow corps, two thousand were divided into left- and right-hand garrison-farming thousand-household offices, and the Huanghualing garrison continued unchanged. In the second year of Yanyou under Renzong, the Hongcheng garrison was relocated to farm at Gubeikou and Taipingzhuang. In the fifth year, eight hundred more Weiguard soldiers were levied for a separate garrison office within the Left Capital Weiguard's jurisdiction. In the twelfth month of the seventh year, farms at the Left Capital Weiguard, Taipingzhuang, Baicaoying, and elsewhere were abolished and farming restored around Hongcheng under the Central Capital Weiguard. In the first year of Zhizhi under Yingzong, the unit was renamed Loyal Support Palace Guard; garrison farming continued with two thousand qing of fields. The garrison sites were later moved; their acreage is unknown.
34
左、右欽察衛屯田：世祖至元二十四年，發本衛軍一千五百一十二名，分置左右手屯田千戶所及欽察屯田千戶所，於清州等處屯田。 英宗至治二年，始分左、右欽察衛，以左右手屯田千戶所分屬之。 文宗天歷二年，創立龍翊侍衛，復以隸焉。 為軍左手千戶所七百五名，右手千戶所四百三十七名，欽察千戶所八百名。 為田左手千戶所一百三十七頃五十畝，右手千戶所二百一十八頃五十畝，欽察千戶所三百頃。
Left and Right Qincha Guard Garrison Farms: In the twenty-fourth year of Zhiyuan, 1,512 soldiers of this guard were assigned to left- and right-hand garrison-farming thousand-household offices and a Qincha garrison-farming thousand-household office at Qingzhou and elsewhere. In the second year of Zhizhi under Yingzong, separate left and right Qincha guards were formed, and the left- and right-hand garrison-farming thousand-household offices were divided accordingly. In the second year of Tianli under Wenzong, the newly established Dragon Escort Palace Guard was again placed under their authority. The force comprised 705 soldiers in the left-hand thousand-household office, 437 in the right-hand office, and 800 in the Qincha thousand-household office. Fields totaled 137 qing 50 mu for the left-hand office, 218 qing 50 mu for the right-hand office, and 300 qing for the Qincha office.
35
宗仁衛屯田：英宗至治二年八月，發五衛漢軍二千人，於大寧等處創立屯田，分置兩翼屯田千戶所，為田二千頃。
Zongren Guard Garrison Farm: In the eighth month of the second year of Zhizhi, two thousand Han soldiers from the five guards established garrison farming at Daning and elsewhere under two-wing thousand-household offices, with two thousand qing of fields.
36
永平屯田總管府：世祖至元二十四年八月，以北京采取材木百姓三千餘戶，於灤州立屯，設官署以領其事，為戶三千二百九十，為田一萬一千六百一十四頃四十九畝。
Yongping Garrison-Farming Chief Office: In the eighth month of the twenty-fourth year of Zhiyuan, more than three thousand timber-gathering households of the northern capital were settled for garrison farming at Luanzhou under a supervisory office—3,290 households farming 11,614 qing and 49 mu.
37
營田提舉司：不詳其建置之始，其設立處所在大都漷州之武清縣，為戶軍二百五十三，民一千二百三十五，析居放良四百八十，不蘭奚二百三十二，火者一百七十口，獨居不蘭奚一十二口，黑瓦木丁八十二名，為田三千五百二頃九十三畝。
Camp-Field Intendant's Office: Its founding date is unknown; it stood in Wuqing County, Huazhou, Dadu Circuit—with 253 military households, 1,235 civilians, 480 released bondservants, and other categories totaling 3,502 qing and 93 mu.
38
廣濟署屯田：世祖至元二十二年正月，以崔黃口空城屯田，歲澇不收，遷於清、滄等處。 後大司農寺以尚珍署舊領屯夫二百三十戶歸之，既又遷濟南、河間五百五十戶，平灤、真定、保定三路屯夫四五百十戶，並入本屯，為戶共一千二百三十，為田一萬二千六百頃三十八畝。
Extensive Relief Office Garrison Farm: In the first month of the twenty-second year of Zhiyuan, the farm at flood-prone Cuihuangkou was relocated to Qing, Cang, and other prefectures. Later 230 former Superior Delicacies Office households were added, with 550 from Jinan and Hejian and over 450 from Pingluan, Zhending, and Baoding—1,230 households farming 12,626 qing and 38 mu.
39
宣徽院所轄
Under the Xuanhui Court
40
淮東淮西屯田打捕總官府：世祖至元十六年，募民開耕漣、海州荒地，官給禾種，自備牛具，所得子粒官得十之四，民得十之六，仍免屯戶徭役，屢欲中廢不果。 二十七年，所轄提舉司一十九處並為十二。 其後再並，止設八處，為戶一萬一千七百四十三，為田一萬五千一百九十三頃三十九畝。
Huaidong-Huaixi Garrison-Farming and Hunting Chief Office: In the sixteenth year of Zhiyuan, commoners were recruited to open wasteland in Lian and Haizhou; the government supplied seed while farmers furnished oxen and tools; harvests were split four-tenths to the state and six-tenths to the cultivators, with corvée remitted; repeated abolition attempts failed. In the twenty-seventh year, nineteen subordinate intendant's offices were consolidated into twelve. Further consolidation left eight sites—11,743 households and 15,193 qing and 39 mu.
41
豐閏署：世祖至元二十二年，創立於大都路薊州之豐閏縣，為戶八百三十七，為田三百四十九頃。
Fengrun Office: Established in the twenty-second year of Zhiyuan at Fengrun County, Jizhou, Dadu Circuit—837 households and 349 qing.
42
寶坻屯：世祖至元十六年，簽大都屬邑編民三百戶，立屯於大都之寶坻縣，為田四百五十頃。
Baodi Garrison: In the sixteenth year of Zhiyuan, three hundred registered metropolitan households were settled at Baodi County in Dadu—450 qing.
43
尚珍署：世祖至元二十三年，置立於濟寧路之兗州，為戶四百五十六，為田九千七百一十九頃七十二畝。 腹裏所轄軍民屯田
Superior Delicacies Office: Established in the twenty-third year of Zhiyuan at Yanzhou, Jining Circuit—456 households and 9,719 qing and 72 mu. Military and Civilian Garrison Farms under the Interior
44
大同等處屯儲總管屯田：成宗大德四年，以西京黃華嶺等處田土頗廣，發軍民九千餘人，立屯開耕。 六年，始設屯儲軍民總管萬戶府。 十一年，放罷漢軍還紅城屯所，止存民夫在屯。 仁宗時，改萬戶府為總管府，為戶軍四千二十，民五千九百四十五，為田五千頃。
Datong Garrison-Storage Chief Garrison Farm: In the fourth year of Dade, because lands at Huanghualing near the Western Capital were extensive, more than nine thousand military and civilian personnel were sent to open cultivation. In the sixth year, the Garrison-Storage Military and Civilian Chief Ten-Thousand-Household Office was established. In the eleventh year, Han garrison troops were released to Hongcheng; only civilian laborers remained. Under Renzong the ten-thousand-household office became a chief office—4,020 military households, 5,945 civilians, and 5,000 qing.
45
虎賁親軍都指揮使司屯田：世祖至元十七年十二月，月兒魯官人言：「近於滅捏怯土、赤納赤、高州、忽蘭若班等處，改置驛傳，臣等議，可於舊置驛所設立屯田。」 從之。 二十八年，發虎賁親軍二千人入屯。 二十九年，增軍一千，凡立三十四屯，於上都置司，為軍三千人，佃戶七十九，為田四千二百二頃七十九畝。
Tiger Guard Personal-Army Command Garrison Farm: In the twelfth month of the seventeenth year of Zhiyuan, Officer Yierlu memorialized: "Relay stations have been re-established at Mienieqietu, Chunachi, Gaozhou, Hulanruoban, and elsewhere; we propose garrison farming at the former relay sites." The proposal was approved. In the twenty-eighth year, two thousand Tiger Guard soldiers were assigned to garrison farming. In the twenty-ninth year, another thousand soldiers were added; thirty-four garrisons were established with an office at Shangdu—3,000 soldiers, 79 tenant households, and 4,202 qing and 79 mu.
46
嶺北行省屯田
Lingbei Branch Secretariat Garrison Farms
47
遼陽等處行中書省所轄屯田
Garrison Farms under the Liaoyang Branch Secretariat
48
大寧路海陽等處打捕屯田所：世祖至元二十三年，以大寧、遼陽、平灤諸路拘刷漏籍、放良、孛蘭奚人戶，及僧道之還俗者，立屯於瑞州之西瀕海荒地開耕，設打捕屯田總管府。 成宗大德四年，罷之，止立打捕屯田所，為戶元撥並召募共一百二十二，為田二百三十頃五十畝。
Daning Circuit Haiyang Hunting Garrison Office: In the twenty-third year of Zhiyuan, unregistered, released, and Bulanxi households from Daning, Liaoyang, and Pingluan and laicized clergy were settled to open coastal wasteland west of Ruizhou under a hunting-garrison chief office. In the fourth year of Dade it was abolished, leaving only a hunting garrison office—122 households and 230 qing and 50 mu.
49
浦峪路屯田萬戶府：世祖至元二十九年十月，為蠻軍三百戶、女直一百九十戶，於咸平府屯種。 三十年，命本府萬戶和魯古<角┦>領其事，仍於茶剌罕、剌憐等處立屯。 三十一年，罷萬戶府屯田。 仁宗大德二年，撥蠻軍三百戶屬肇州蒙古萬戶府，止存女直一百九十戶，依舊立屯，為田四百頃。
Puyu Circuit Garrison-Farming Ten-Thousand-Household Office: In the tenth month of the twenty-ninth year of Zhiyuan, three hundred Mang soldiers and one hundred ninety Jurchen households were settled to farm at Xianping Prefecture. In the thirtieth year Helugu Jir of this office was appointed to supervise it, with garrisons at Chalahuan and Laling. In the thirty-first year the ten-thousand-household garrison farm was abolished. In the second year of Dade, three hundred Mang soldiers were transferred to the Zhaozhou Mongol Ten-Thousand-Household Office; one hundred ninety Jurchen households remained—400 qing.
50
金復州萬戶府屯田：世祖至元二十一年五月，發新附軍一千二百八十一戶，於忻都察置立屯田。 二十六年，分京師應役新附軍一千人，屯田哈思罕關東荒地。 三十年，以玉龍帖木兒、塔失海牙兩萬戶新附軍一千三百六十戶，並入金復州，立屯耕作，為戶三千六百四十一，為田二千五百二十三頃。
Jinfu Circuit Ten-Thousand-Household Office Garrison Farm: In the fifth month of the twenty-first year of Zhiyuan, 1,281 newly attached households established garrison farming at Xinducha. In the twenty-sixth year, one thousand metropolitan-service newly attached soldiers farmed wasteland east of Hasihan Pass. In the thirtieth year, 1,360 households of the Yulongtiemuer and Tashihaiya ten-thousand-household offices were merged into Jinfu Circuit—3,641 households and 2,523 qing.
51
河南行省所轄軍民屯田
Military and Civilian Garrison Farms under the Henan Branch Secretariat
52
南陽府民屯：世祖至元二年正月，詔孟州之東，黃河之北，南至八柳樹、枯河、徐州等處，凡荒閑地土，可令阿朮、阿剌罕等所領士卒，立屯耕種，並摘各萬戶所管漢軍屯田。 六年，以攻襄樊軍餉不足，發南京、河南、歸德諸路編民二萬餘戶，於唐、鄧、申、裕等處立屯。 八年，散還元屯戶，別簽南陽諸色戶計，立營田使司領之。 尋罷，改立南陽屯田總管府。 後復罷，止隸有司，為戶六千四十一，為田一萬六百六十二頃七畝。
Nanyang Prefecture Civilian Garrison: In the first month of the second year of Zhiyuan, an edict directed that idle lands east of Mengzhou, north of the Yellow River, and south to Baliu Tree, the dry riverbed, Xuzhou, and beyond be opened by troops under Achu, Alahan, and others, with Han soldiers from each ten-thousand-household office also assigned. In the sixth year, because supplies for the Xiangyang-Fancheng campaign were insufficient, more than twenty thousand registered households from Nanjing, Henan, Guide, and other circuits were settled at Tang, Deng, Shen, and Yu. In the eighth year the original garrison households were released and various Nanyang households levied instead under a camp-field intendant's office. It was soon abolished and replaced by the Nanyang Garrison-Farming Chief Office. Later abolished again, it fell under local offices only—6,041 households and 10,662 qing and 7 mu.
53
洪澤萬戶府屯田：世祖至元二十三年，立洪澤南北三屯，設萬戶府以統之。 先是，江淮行省言：「國家經費，糧儲為急，今屯田之利，無過兩淮，況芍陂、洪澤皆漢、唐舊嘗立屯之地，若令江淮新附漢軍屯田，可歲得糧百五十餘萬石。」 至是從之。 三十一年，罷三屯萬戶，止立洪澤屯田萬戶府以統之。 其置立處所，在淮安路之白水塘、黃家疃等處，為戶一萬五千九百九十四名，為田三萬五千三百一十二頃二十一畝。
Hongze Ten-Thousand-Household Office Garrison Farm: In the twenty-third year of Zhiyuan, three garrisons north and south of Hongze were established under a ten-thousand-household office. Previously the Jianghuai branch secretariat had argued: "State expenditure depends above all on grain; no garrison-farming profit exceeds that of the two Huai regions; Shaoqi and Hongze are both sites where Han and Tang once farmed—if newly attached Han troops garrisoned there, more than 1.5 million shi might be harvested yearly." The proposal was then approved. In the thirty-first year the three garrison ten-thousand-household offices were abolished, leaving only the Hongze Garrison-Farming Ten-Thousand-Household Office. Sites lay at Baitang and Huangjiatuan in Huai'an Circuit—15,994 households and 35,312 qing and 21 mu.
54
芍陂屯田萬戶府：世祖至元二十一年二月，江淮行省言：「安豐之芍陂，可溉田萬餘頃，乞置三萬人立屯。」 中書省議：「發軍士二千人，姑試行之。」 後屯戶至一萬四千八百八名。
Shaoqi Garrison-Farming Ten-Thousand-Household Office: In the second month of the twenty-first year of Zhiyuan, the Jianghuai branch secretariat proposed: "Shaoqi at Anfeng can irrigate more than ten thousand qing; we request thirty thousand men for a garrison." The Secretariat replied: "Send two thousand soldiers for a trial first." Garrison households later reached 14,808.
55
德安等處軍民屯田總管府：世祖至元十八年，以各翼取到漢軍，及各路拘收手號新附軍，分置十屯，立屯田萬戶府。 三十一年，改立總管府，為民九千三百七十五名，軍五千九百六十五名，為田八千八百七十九頃九十六畝。
De'an Military and Civilian Garrison-Farming Chief Office: In the eighteenth year of Zhiyuan, Han troops drawn from the various wings and hand-brand newly attached troops seized from the circuits were organized into ten garrisons under a Garrison-Farming Ten-Thousand-Household Office. In the thirty-first year it became a chief office—9,375 civilians, 5,965 soldiers, and 8,879 qing and 96 mu.
56
陜西等處行中書省所轄軍民屯田
Military and Civilian Garrison Farms under the Shaanxi Branch Secretariat
57
陜西屯田總管府：世祖至元十一年正月，以安西王府所管編民二千戶，立櫟陽、涇陽、終南、渭南屯田。 十八年，立屯田所。 十九年，以軍站屯戶拘收為怯憐口戶計，放還而無所歸者，籍為屯戶，立安西、平涼屯田，設提領所以領之。 二十九年，立鳳翔、鎮原、彭原屯田，放罷至元十年所簽接應成都、延安軍人，置立民屯，設立屯田所，尋改為軍屯，令千戶所管領。 三十年，復更為民屯，為戶鳳翔一千一百二十七戶； 鎮原九百一十三戶； 櫟陽七百八十六戶，後存六百五十戶； 涇陽六百九十六戶，後存六百五十八戶； 彭原一千二百三十八戶； 安西七百二十四戶，後存二百六十二戶； 平涼二百八十八戶； 終南七百七十一戶，後存七百一十三戶； 渭南八百一十一戶，後存七百六十六戶。 為田鳳翔九十頃一十二畝，鎮原四百二十六頃八十五畝，櫟陽一千二十頃九十九畝，涇陽一千二十頃九十九畝，彭原五百四十五頃六十八畝，安西四百六十七頃七十八畝，平涼一百一十五頃二十畝，終南九百四十三頃七十六畝，渭南一千二百二十二頃三十一畝。
Shaanxi Garrison-Farming Chief Office: In the first month of the eleventh year of Zhiyuan, two thousand registered households under the Anxi princely establishment were settled for garrison farming at Liyang, Jingyang, Zhongnan, and Weinan. In the eighteenth year a Garrison-Farming Office was established. In the nineteenth year, because relay-station garrison households were seized to fill qaljin household quotas, those released with nowhere to go were registered as garrison households; farms were established at Anxi and Pingliang under a supervisory office. In the twenty-ninth year garrisons were established at Fengxiang, Zhenyuan, and Pengyuan; soldiers levied in the tenth year of Zhiyuan for Chengdu and Yan'an relief were released, civilian garrisons with Garrison-Farming Offices were set up, and soon converted to military garrisons under thousand-household offices. In the thirtieth year they reverted to civilian garrisons—Fengxiang: 1,127 households; Zhenyuan: 913 households; Liyang: 786 households, later reduced to 650; Jingyang: 696 households, later reduced to 658; Pengyuan: 1,238 households; Anxi: 724 households, later reduced to 262; Pingliang: 288 households; Zhongnan: 771 households, later reduced to 713; Weinan: 811 households, later reduced to 766. Fields totaled: Fengxiang, 90 qing and 12 mu; Zhenyuan, 426 qing and 85 mu; Liyang, 1,020 qing and 99 mu; Jingyang, 1,020 qing and 99 mu; Pengyuan, 545 qing and 68 mu; Anxi, 467 qing and 78 mu; Pingliang, 115 qing and 20 mu; Zhongnan, 943 qing and 76 mu; Weinan, 1,222 qing and 31 mu.
58
陜西等處萬戶府屯田：世祖至元十九年二月，以盩厔南系官荒地，發歸附軍，立孝子林、張馬村軍屯。 二十年，以南山把口子巡哨軍人八百戶，於盩厔之杏園莊、寧州之大昌原屯田。 二十一年，發文州鎮戍新附軍九百人，立亞柏鎮軍屯，復以燕京戍守新附軍四百六十三戶，於德順州之威戎立屯開耕。 為戶孝子林屯三百一戶，張馬村屯三百一十三戶，杏園莊屯二百三十三戶，大昌原屯四百七十四戶，亞柏鎮屯九百戶，威戎屯四百六十三戶。 為田孝子林二十三頃八十畝，張馬村七十三頃八十畝，杏園莊一百一十八頃三十畝，大昌原一百五十八頃七十九畝，亞柏鎮二百六十八頃五十九畝，威戎一百六十四頃八十畝。
Shaanxi Ten-Thousand-Household Office Garrison Farm: In the second month of the nineteenth year of Zhiyuan, newly submitted troops were sent to open military garrisons at Xiaozilin and Zhangmacun on state wasteland south of Zhouzhi. In the twentieth year, eight hundred households of southern-mountain pass-guard patrol soldiers were settled at Xingyuanzhuang in Zhouzhi and Dachangyuan in Ningzhou. In the twenty-first year, nine hundred Wenzhou garrison troops established the Yabozhen military garrison, and four hundred sixty-three households of newly attached Yanjing garrison troops opened fields at Weirong in Deshun Prefecture. Households: Xiaozilin, 301; Zhangmacun, 313; Xingyuanzhuang, 233; Dachangyuan, 474; Yabozhen, 900; Weirong, 463. Fields: Xiaozilin, 23 qing and 80 mu; Zhangmacun, 73 qing and 80 mu; Xingyuanzhuang, 118 qing and 30 mu; Dachangyuan, 158 qing and 79 mu; Yabozhen, 268 qing and 59 mu; Weirong, 164 qing and 80 mu.
59
貴赤延安總管府屯：世祖至元十九年，以拘收贖身、放良、不蘭奚及漏籍戶計，於延安路探馬赤草地屯田，為戶二千二十七，為田四百八十六頃。 甘肅等處行中書省所轄軍民屯田
Keshig Yan'an Chief Office Garrison: In the nineteenth year of Zhiyuan, ransomed, released, Bulanxi, and unregistered households were settled on tamachi pastureland in Yan'an Circuit—2,027 households and 486 qing. Military and Civilian Garrison Farms under the Gansu Branch Secretariat
60
寧夏等處新附軍萬戶府屯田：世祖至元十九年三月，發迤南新附軍一千三百八十二戶，往寧夏等處屯田。 二十一年，遣塔塔裏千戶所管軍人九百五十八戶屯田，為田一千四百九十八頃三十三畝。
Ningxia Newly Attached Troops Ten-Thousand-Household Office Garrison Farm: In the third month of the nineteenth year of Zhiyuan, 1,382 households of far-southern newly attached troops were sent to farm in Ningxia and elsewhere. In the twenty-first year, 958 households under the Tatali thousand-household office were sent to farm—1,498 qing and 33 mu.
61
管軍萬戶府屯田：世祖至元十八年正月，命肅州、沙州、瓜州置立屯田。 先是，遣都元帥劉恩往肅州諸郡，視地之所宜，恩還言宜立屯田，遂從之。 發軍於甘州黑山子、滿峪、泉水渠、鴨子翅等處立屯，為戶二千二百九十，為田一千一百六十六頃六十四畝。
Garrison Troops Ten-Thousand-Household Office Garrison Farm: In the first month of the eighteenth year of Zhiyuan, garrison farming was ordered at Suzhou, Shazhou, and Guazhou. Previously Grand Marshal Liu En had surveyed the Suzhou prefectures for suitable land; on his return he recommended garrison farming, and the court approved. Troops were settled at Heishanzi, Manyu, Quanshuiqu, and Yazichi in Ganzhou—2,290 households and 1,166 qing and 64 mu.
62
寧夏營田司屯田：世祖至元八年正月，簽發己未年隨州、鄂州投降人民一千一百七戶，往中興居住。 十一年，編為屯田戶，凡二千四百丁。 二十三年，續簽漸丁，得三百人，為田一千八百頃。
Ningxia Camp-Field Office Garrison Farm: In the first month of the eighth year of Zhiyuan, 1,117 households of jiwei-year surrenderers from Suizhou and Ezhou were settled at Zhongxing. In the eleventh year they were registered as garrison-farming households—2,400 adult males in all. In the twenty-third year three hundred additional young males were levied—1,800 qing of fields.
63
寧夏路放良官屯田：世祖至元十一年，從安撫司請，以招收放良人民九百四戶，編聚屯田，為田四百四十六頃五十畝。
Ningxia Circuit Released-Bondservant Official Garrison Farm: In the eleventh year of Zhiyuan, at the pacification commission's request, 904 released households were gathered to farm—446 qing and 50 mu.
64
亦集乃屯田：世祖至元十六年，調歸附軍人於甘州，十八年，以充屯田軍。 二十二年，遷甘州新附軍二百人，往屯亦集乃合即渠開種，為田九十一頃五十畝。
Yijinai Garrison Farm: In the sixteenth year of Zhiyuan, newly submitted soldiers were transferred to Ganzhou; in the eighteenth year they became garrison-farming troops. In the twenty-second year, two hundred newly attached Ganzhou troops were moved to open fields at the Heji Canal in Yijinai—91 qing and 50 mu.
65
江西等處行中書省所轄屯田
Garrison Farms under the Jiangxi Branch Secretariat
66
贛州路南安寨兵萬戶府屯田：成宗大德二年正月，以贛州路所轄信豐、會昌、龍南、安遠等處，賊人出沒，發寨兵及宋舊役弓手，與抄數漏籍人戶，立屯耕守，以鎮遏之，為戶三千二百六十五，為田五百二十四頃六十八畝。
Ganzhou Nan'an Stockade Troops Ten-Thousand-Household Office Garrison Farm: In the first month of the second year of Dade, because bandits roamed Xinfeng, Huichang, Longnan, and Anyuan under Ganzhou Circuit, stockade troops, former Song bowmen, and seized unregistered households were settled to farm and guard the region—3,265 households and 524 qing and 68 mu.
67
江浙等處行中書省所轄屯田
Garrison Farms under the Jiang-Zhe Branch Secretariat
68
汀、漳屯田：世祖至元十八年，以福建調軍糧儲費用，依腹裏例，置立屯田，命管軍總管鄭楚等，發鎮守士卒年老不堪備征戰者，得百有十四人，又募南安等縣居民一千八百二十五戶，立屯耕作。 成宗元貞三年，命於南詔、黎、畬各立屯田，摘撥見戍軍人，每屯置一千五百名，及將所招陳吊眼等余黨入屯，與軍人相參耕種。 為戶汀州屯一千五百二十五名，漳州屯一千五百一十三名。 為田汀州屯二百二十五頃，漳州屯二百五十頃。
Ting and Zhang Garrison Farms: In the eighteenth year of Zhiyuan, because Fujian troop deployments strained grain supplies, garrison farming was established on the interior model; Commander Zheng Chu sent one hundred fourteen aged garrison soldiers unfit for battle and recruited 1,825 households from Nan'an and other counties to farm. In the third year of Yuanzhen, garrisons were ordered at Nanzhao, Li, and She; fifteen hundred active garrison soldiers were assigned to each, and remnants of Chen Diaoyan's faction were enrolled to farm with them. Personnel: Tingzhou garrison, 1,525; Zhangzhou garrison, 1,513. Fields: Tingzhou, 225 qing; Zhangzhou, 250 qing.
69
高麗國立屯
Goryeo State Garrison Farms
70
高麗屯田：世祖至元七年創立，是時東征日本，欲積糧餉，為進取之計，遂以王綧、洪茶丘等所管高麗戶二千人，及發中衛軍二千人，合婆娑府、咸平府軍各一千人，於王京東寧府、鳳州等一十處，置立屯田，設經略司以領其事，每屯用軍五百人。
Goryeo Garrison Farm: Founded in the seventh year of Zhiyuan during preparations for the eastern expedition against Japan to stock grain for the advance; two thousand Goryeo households under Wang Chuo and Hong Chaqian, two thousand Central Guard soldiers, and one thousand each from Posuo and Xianping prefectures were settled at ten sites including Dongning Prefecture and Fengzhou near the royal capital under a pacification office, with five hundred soldiers per garrison.
71
四川行省所轄軍民屯田二十九處
Twenty-nine Military and Civilian Garrison Farms under the Sichuan Branch Secretariat
72
廣元路民屯：世祖至元十三年，從利州路元帥言，廣元實東西兩川要沖，支給浩繁，經理系官田畝，得九頃六十畝，遂以褒州刷到無主人口，偶配為十戶，立屯開種。 十八年，發新得州編民七十七戶屯田，為戶共八十七。
Guangyuan Circuit Civilian Garrison: In the thirteenth year of Zhiyuan, at the Lizhou commander's request, because Guangyuan was a vital junction of eastern and western Sichuan with heavy costs, state fields were surveyed yielding 9 qing and 60 mu; unregistered people from Baozhou were paired into ten households to open farming. In the eighteenth year, seventy-seven registered households from Xinde Prefecture were added—eighty-seven households in all.
73
敘州宣撫司民屯：世祖至元十一年，命西蜀四川經略使起立屯田。 十五年，簽長寧軍、富順州等處編民四百七十五戶，立屯耕種。 十九年，續簽一百六十戶。 二十年，敘州簽民一千九百戶。 二十五年，富順州復簽民六百八戶，增人舊屯。 二十七年，取勘析出屯戶，得二百八十四。 成宗元貞二年，復放罷站戶一千一十七戶，依舊屯田。 總之為戶四千四百四十四。
Xuzhou Pacification Commission Civilian Garrison: In the eleventh year of Zhiyuan, the Western Sichuan pacification commissioner was ordered to establish garrison farming. In the fifteenth year, four hundred seventy-five registered households from Changning Army and Fushun Prefecture were levied to farm. In the nineteenth year, one hundred sixty more households were levied. In the twentieth year, Xuzhou levied one thousand nine hundred households. In the twenty-fifth year, Fushun Prefecture levied six hundred eight more households for the existing garrison. In the twenty-seventh year, investigation yielded two hundred eighty-four garrison households. In the second year of Yuanzhen, one thousand seventeen relay households were released and returned to garrison farming. In all, 4,444 households.
74
紹慶路民屯：世祖至元十九年，於本路未當差民戶內，簽二十三戶，置立屯田。 二十年，於彭水縣籍管萬州寄戶內，簽撥二十戶。 二十一年，簽彭水縣未當差民戶三十二戶增入。 二十六年，屯戶貧乏者多負逋，復簽彭水縣編民一十六戶補之。 為戶九十一。
Shaoqing Circuit Civilian Garrison: In the nineteenth year of Zhiyuan, twenty-three corvée-exempt households within the circuit were levied for a garrison farm. In the twentieth year, twenty households were selected from Wanzhou dependents registered in Pengshui County. In the twenty-first year, thirty-two corvée-exempt Pengshui households were added. In the twenty-sixth year, because many garrison households were impoverished and in debt, sixteen Pengshui registered households were levied as replacements. Households totaled ninety-one.
75
順慶路民屯：世祖至元十二年，簽順慶民三千四百六十八戶，置立屯田。 十九年，復於民戶內差撥一千三百三十六戶置民屯。 二十年，復簽二百一十二戶增入。 總之五千一十六戶。
Shunqing Circuit Civilian Garrison: In the twelfth year of Zhiyuan, three thousand four hundred sixty-eight Shunqing households were levied for a garrison farm. In the nineteenth year, one thousand three hundred thirty-six more civilian households were assigned to a civilian garrison. In the twentieth year, two hundred twelve more households were levied. In all, 5,016 households.
76
潼州府民屯：世祖至元十一年，簽本府編民及義士軍二千二百二十四戶，立屯。 十三年，復簽民一百四十二戶。 二十一年，行省遣使於遂寧府擇監夫之老弱廢疾者，得四十六戶，簽充屯戶。 總之二千四百一十二戶。
Tongzhou Prefecture Civilian Garrison: In the eleventh year of Zhiyuan, two thousand two hundred twenty-four registered households and volunteer soldiers of the prefecture were levied for a garrison. In the thirteenth year, one hundred forty-two more civilian households were levied. In the twenty-first year, the branch secretariat selected aged, weak, and disabled transport overseers in Suining Prefecture, registering forty-six as garrison households. In all, 2,412 households.
77
夔路總管府民屯：世祖至元十一年置，累簽本路編民至五千二十七戶，續於新附軍內簽老弱五十六戶增入。
Kuizhou Circuit Chief Office Civilian Garrison: Established in the eleventh year of Zhiyuan; registered households were repeatedly levied until they reached five thousand twenty-seven, with fifty-six aged and weak newly attached troops added.
78
重慶路民屯：世祖至元十一年置，累於江津、巴縣、瀘州、忠州等處，簽撥編民二千三百八十七戶，並召募，共三千五百六十六戶。
Chongqing Circuit Civilian Garrison: Established in the eleventh year of Zhiyuan; two thousand three hundred eighty-seven registered households were levied at Jiangjin, Baxian, Luzhou, Zhongzhou, and elsewhere, and with recruits totaled three thousand five hundred sixty-six households.
79
成都路民屯：世祖至元十三年，簽陰陽人四十戶，辦納屯糧。 二十二年，續簽瀘州編民九十七戶，充屯田戶。 三十一年，續簽千戶高德所管民一十四戶。
Chengdu Circuit Civilian Garrison: In the thirteenth year of Zhiyuan, forty yin-yang specialist households were levied to supply garrison grain. In the twenty-second year, ninety-seven Luzhou registered households were added as garrison-farming households. In the thirty-first year, fourteen civilian households under Thousand-Household Gao De were added.
80
保寧萬戶府軍屯：世祖至元二十六年，保寧府言：「本管軍人，一戶或二丁三丁，父兄子弟應役，實為重並，若又遷於成都屯種，去家隔遠，逃匿必多。 乞令本府在營士卒，及夔路守鎮軍人，止於保寧沿江屯種。」 從之。 簽軍一千二百名。 二十七年，發屯軍一百二十九人，從萬戶也速叠兒西征，別簽漸丁軍人入屯，為戶一千三百二十九名，為田一百一十八頃二十七畝。
Baoning Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: In the twenty-sixth year of Zhiyuan, Baoning Prefecture memorialized: "Our soldiers often have two or three adult males per household on duty at once—a truly heavy burden. If they are also moved to farm at Chengdu, they will be far from home and desertions will surely multiply. We ask that this prefecture's camp soldiers and Kuizhou garrison troops farm only along the Baoning riverfront." The request was approved. One thousand two hundred soldiers were levied. In the twenty-seventh year, one hundred twenty-nine garrison soldiers joined Ten-Thousand-Household Yesu Die'er's western campaign; young replacements were levied—1,329 households and 118 qing and 27 mu.
81
敘州等處萬戶府軍屯：成宗元貞二年，改立敘州軍屯，遷遂寧屯軍二百三十九人，於敘州宣化縣喁口上下荒地開耕，為田四十一頃八十三畝。
Xuzhou Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: In the second year of Yuanzhen, the Xuzhou military garrison was reorganized; two hundred thirty-nine Suining garrison soldiers were moved to open wasteland at Yongkou in Xuanhua County, Xuzhou—41 qing and 83 mu.
82
重慶五路守鎮萬戶府軍屯：仁宗延祐七年，發軍一千二百人，於重慶路三堆、中曹、趙市等處屯耕，為田四百二十頃。
Chongqing Five-Circuit Garrison Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: In the seventh year of Yanyou, one thousand two hundred soldiers were sent to farm at Sandui, Zhongcao, and Zhaoshi in Chongqing Circuit—420 qing.
83
夔路萬戶府軍屯：世祖至元二十一年，從四川行省議，除沿邊重地，分軍鎮守，余軍一萬人，命官於成都諸處擇膏腴地，立屯開耕，為戶三百五十一人，為田五十六頃七十畝，凡創立十四屯。
Kuizhou Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: In the twenty-first year of Zhiyuan, on the Sichuan branch secretariat's recommendation, aside from border garrisons, ten thousand remaining soldiers were ordered to select fertile land near Chengdu—351 households, 56 qing and 70 mu, fourteen garrisons in all.
84
成都等路萬戶府軍屯：於本路崇慶州義興鄉楠木園置立，為戶二百九十九人，為田四十二頃七十畝。
Chengdu Circuits Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: Established at Nanmuyuan, Yixing Township, Chongqing Prefecture—299 households and 42 qing and 70 mu.
85
河東陜西等路萬戶府軍屯：置立於灌州之青城、陶壩及崇慶州之大柵頭等處，為戶一千三百二十八名，為田二百八頃七畝。
Hedong-Shaanxi Circuits Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: Established at Qingcheng and Taoba in Guanzhou and Dazhaitou in Chongqing Prefecture—1,328 households and 208 qing and 7 mu.
86
廣安等處萬戶府軍屯：置立於成都路崇慶州之七寶壩，為戶一百五十名，為田二十六頃二十五畝。
Guang'an Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: Established at Qibaoba in Chongqing Prefecture—150 households and 26 qing and 25 mu.
87
保寧萬戶府軍屯：置立於崇慶州晉原縣之金馬，為戶五百六十四名，為田七十五頃九十五畝。
Baoning Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: Established at Jinma in Jinyuan County, Chongqing Prefecture—564 households and 75 qing and 95 mu.
88
敘州萬戶府軍屯：置立於灌州之青城，為戶二百二十一名，為田三十八頃六十七畝。
Xuzhou Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: Established at Qingcheng in Guanzhou—221 households and 38 qing and 67 mu.
89
五路萬戶府軍屯：置立於成都路崇慶州之大柵鎮孝感鄉及灌州青城縣之懷仁鄉，為戶一千一百六十一名，為田二百三頃一十七畝。
Five-Circuit Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: Established at Dazhai Town, Xiaogan Township, Chongqing Prefecture, and Huairen Township, Qingcheng County, Guanzhou—1,161 households and 203 qing and 17 mu.
90
興元金州等處萬戶府軍屯：置立於崇慶州晉原縣孝感鄉，為戶三百四十四名，為田五十六頃。
Xingyuan-Jinzhou Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: Established at Xiaogan Township, Jinyuan County, Chongqing Prefecture—344 households and 56 qing.
91
隨路八都萬戶府軍屯：置立於灌州青城、溫江縣，為戶八百三十二名，為田一百六十二頃五十七畝。
Circuit Eight-Banner Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: Established at Qingcheng in Guanzhou and Wenjiang County—832 households and 162 qing and 57 mu.
92
舊附等軍萬戶府軍屯：置立於灌州青城縣、崇慶州等處，為戶一千二名，為田一百二十九頃五十畝。
Formerly Attached Troops Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: Established at Qingcheng County, Guanzhou, and Chongqing Prefecture—1,002 households and 129 qing and 50 mu.
93
炮手萬戶府軍屯：置立於灌州青城縣龍池鄉，為戶九十六名，為田一十六頃八十畝。
Artillerymen Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: Established at Longchi Township, Qingcheng County, Guanzhou—96 households and 16 qing and 80 mu.
94
順慶軍屯：置立於晉原縣義興鄉、江源縣將軍橋，為戶五百六十五名，為田九十八頃八十七畝。
Shunqing Military Garrison: Established at Yixing Township, Jinyuan County, and Jiangqiao, Jiangyuan County—565 households and 98 qing and 87 mu.
95
平陽軍屯：置立於灌州青城、崇慶州大柵頭，為戶三百九十八名，為田六十九頃六十五畝。 遂寧州軍屯：為戶二千名，為田三百五十頃。
Pingyang Military Garrison: Established at Qingcheng in Guanzhou and Dazhaitou in Chongqing Prefecture—398 households and 69 qing and 65 mu. Suining Prefecture Military Garrison: 2,000 households and 350 qing.
96
嘉定萬戶府軍屯：世祖至元二十一年，摘蒙古、漢軍及嘉定新附軍三百六十人，於崇慶州、青城等處屯田。 二十八年，還之元翼，止余屯軍一十三名，為田二頃二十七畝。
Jiading Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: In the twenty-first year of Zhiyuan, three hundred sixty Mongol, Han, and newly attached Jiading soldiers were sent to farm at Chongqing Prefecture and Qingcheng. In the twenty-eighth year they were returned to their original wing; only thirteen garrison soldiers remained—2 qing and 27 mu.
97
順慶等處萬戶府軍屯：世祖至元二十六年，發軍於沿江下流漢初等處屯種，為戶六百五十六名，為田一百一十四頃八十畝。
Shunqing Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: In the twenty-sixth year of Zhiyuan, soldiers were sent to farm at Hanchu and other lower-river sites—656 households and 114 qing and 80 mu.
98
廣安等處萬戶府軍屯：世祖至元二十七年，撥廣安舊附漢軍一百一十八名，於新明等處立屯開耕，為田二十頃六十五畝。 雲南行省所轄軍民屯田一十二處
Guang'an Ten-Thousand-Household Office Military Garrison: In the twenty-seventh year of Zhiyuan, one hundred eighteen formerly attached Han soldiers from Guang'an opened fields at Xinming and elsewhere—20 qing and 65 mu. Twelve Military and Civilian Garrison Farms under the Yunnan Branch Secretariat
99
威楚提舉司屯田：世祖至元十五年，於威楚提舉鹽使司拘刷漏籍人戶充民屯，本司就領其事，與中原之制不同，為戶三十三，為田一百六十五雙。
Weichu Intendant's Office Garrison Farm: In the fifteenth year of Zhiyuan, unregistered households seized by the Weichu Salt Intendant's Office were assigned as a civilian garrison supervised by that office itself, unlike the interior system—33 households and 165 shuang.
100
大理金齒等處宣尉司都元帥府軍民屯：世祖至元十二年，命於所轄州縣拘刷漏籍人戶，得二千六十有六戶，置立屯田。 十四年，簽本府編民四百戶益之。 十八年，續簽永昌府編民一千二百七十五戶增入。 二十六年，立大理軍屯，於爨僰軍內撥二百戶。 二十七年，復簽爨僰軍人二百八十一戶增入。 二十八年，續增一百一十九戶。 總之民屯三千七百四十一戶，軍屯六百戶，為田軍民己業二萬二千一百五雙。
Dali Golden Teeth Pacification Commission Grand Marshal's Office Garrison: In the twelfth year of Zhiyuan, unregistered households were rounded up across its prefectures and counties—2,066 households—and garrison farming was established. In the fourteenth year, four hundred registered civilians from this office were conscripted to augment it. In the eighteenth year, another 1,275 registered civilians from Yongchang Prefecture were conscripted and added. In the twenty-sixth year, a Dali military garrison was established with two hundred households drawn from Cuan-Bo troops. In the twenty-seventh year, another 281 Cuan-Bo soldiers were conscripted and added. In the twenty-eighth year, another 119 households were added. In all: 3,741 civilian garrison households and 600 military garrison households; fields for military and civilian own land totaled 22,105 shuang.
101
鶴慶路軍民屯田：世祖至元十二年，簽鶴慶路編民一百戶立民屯。 二十七年，簽爨僰軍一百五十二戶立軍屯，為田軍屯六百八雙，民屯四百雙，俱己業。
Heqing Circuit Garrison Farm: In the twelfth year of Zhiyuan, one hundred registered civilians from Heqing Circuit were conscripted to establish a civilian garrison. In the twenty-seventh year, 152 Cuan-Bo soldiers were conscripted for a military garrison—608 shuang for the military garrison and 400 shuang for the civilian garrison, all privately held land.
102
武定路總管府軍屯：世祖至元二十七年，以雲南戍軍糧餉不足，於和曲、祿勸二州爨僰軍內，簽一百八十七戶，立屯耕種，為田七百四十八雙。
Wuding Circuit Chief Office Military Garrison: In the twenty-seventh year of Zhiyuan, because Yunnan garrison rations were insufficient, 187 households from Cuan-Bo troops in Hequ and Lujuan were conscripted to farm—748 shuang.
103
威楚路軍民屯田：世祖至元十二年，立威楚民屯，拘刷本路漏籍人戶，得一千一百戶，內八百六十六戶官給無主荒田四千三百三十雙，餘戶自備己業田一千一百七十五雙。 二十七年，始立屯軍，於本路爨僰軍內簽三百九十九戶，內一十五戶官給荒田六十雙，余戶自備己業田一千五百三十六雙。
Weichu Circuit Garrison Farm: In the twelfth year of Zhiyuan, a Weichu civilian garrison was established by rounding up unregistered households—1,100 in all; 866 received 4,330 shuang of ownerless wasteland from the state, and the rest farmed 1,175 shuang of their own land. In the twenty-seventh year, a military garrison was first established with 399 Cuan-Bo soldiers from this circuit—15 received 60 shuang of state-granted wasteland, and the rest farmed 1,536 shuang of their own land.
104
中慶路軍民屯田：世祖至元十二年，置立中慶民屯，於所屬州縣內拘刷漏籍人戶，得四千一百九十七戶，官給田一萬七千二十二雙，自備己業田二千六百二雙。 二十七年，始立軍屯，用爨僰軍人七百有九戶，官給田二百三十四雙，自備己業田二千六百一雙。
Zhongqing Circuit Garrison Farm: In the twelfth year of Zhiyuan, a Zhongqing civilian garrison was established by rounding up unregistered households in its subordinate prefectures and counties—4,197 households, with 17,022 shuang of state-granted fields and 2,602 shuang of privately held land. In the twenty-seventh year, a military garrison was first established with 709 Cuan-Bo soldiers—234 shuang of state-granted fields and 2,601 shuang of privately held land.
105
曲靖等處宣慰司兼管軍萬戶府軍民屯田：世祖至元十二年，立曲靖路民屯，拘刷所轄州郡諸色漏籍人戶七百四十戶立屯。 十八年，續簽民一千五百戶增入，其所耕之田，官給一千四百八十雙，自備己業田三千雙。 十二年，立澂江民屯，所簽屯戶，與曲靖同，凡一千二百六十戶。 二十六年，始立軍屯，於爨僰軍內簽一百六十九戶。 二十七年，復簽二百二十六戶增入。 十二年，立仁德府民屯，所簽屯戶，與澂江同，凡八十戶，官給田一百六十雙。 二十六年，始立軍屯，簽爨僰軍四十四戶。 二十七年，續簽五十六戶增入，所耕田畝四百雙，俱系軍人己業。
Qujing Pacification Commission Garrison Farm: In the twelfth year of Zhiyuan, a Qujing civilian garrison was established with 740 unregistered households rounded up from its subordinate prefectures and districts. In the eighteenth year, another 1,500 civilian households were conscripted and added, farming 1,480 shuang of state-granted fields and 3,000 shuang of privately held land. In the twelfth year, a Chengjiang civilian garrison was established with the same conscription arrangement as Qujing—1,260 households in all. In the twenty-sixth year, a military garrison was first established with 169 households conscripted from Cuan-Bo troops. In the twenty-seventh year, another 226 households were conscripted and added. In the twelfth year, a Rende Prefecture civilian garrison was established on the same terms as Chengjiang—80 households with 160 shuang of state-granted fields. In the twenty-sixth year, a military garrison was first established with 44 Cuan-Bo soldiers conscripted. In the twenty-seventh year, another 56 households were conscripted and added, farming 400 shuang—all soldiers' privately held land.
106
烏撒宣慰司軍民屯田：世祖至元二十七年，立烏撒路軍屯，以爨僰軍一百一十四戶屯田。 又立東川路民屯，屯戶亦系爨僰軍人，八十六戶，皆自備己業。
Wusa Pacification Commission Garrison Farm: In the twenty-seventh year of Zhiyuan, a Wusa military garrison was established with 114 Cuan-Bo households farming. A Dongchuan civilian garrison was also established with 86 Cuan-Bo soldiers as garrison households, all farming their own land.
107
臨安宣慰司兼管軍萬戶府軍民屯田：世祖至元十二年，立臨安民屯二處，皆於所屬州縣拘刷漏籍人戶開耕。 宣慰司所管民屯三百戶，田六百雙。 本路所管民屯二千戶，田三千四百雙。 二十七年，續立爨僰軍屯，為戶二百八十八，為田一千一百五十二雙。
Lin'an Pacification Commission Garrison Farm: In the twelfth year of Zhiyuan, two Lin'an civilian garrisons were established, opening fields with unregistered households rounded up from its subordinate prefectures and counties. The pacification commission directly supervised 300 civilian garrison households and 600 shuang of fields. The circuit directly supervised 2,000 civilian garrison households and 3,400 shuang of fields. In the twenty-seventh year, a Cuan-Bo military garrison was added—288 households and 1,152 shuang of fields.
108
梁千戶翼軍屯：世祖至元三十年，梁王遣使詣雲南行省言，以漢軍一千人置立屯田。 三十一年，發三百人備鎮戍巡邏，止存七百人，於烏蒙屯田，後遷於新興州，為田三千七百八十九雙。
Liang Thousand-Household Wing Military Garrison: In the thirtieth year of Zhiyuan, the Prince of Liang sent envoys to the Yunnan branch secretariat requesting that 1,000 Han soldiers be assigned to establish garrison farming. In the thirty-first year, 300 men were sent for garrison duty and border patrol, leaving 700 to farm at Wumeng; they were later moved to Xinxing Prefecture—3,789 shuang of fields.
109
羅羅斯宣慰司兼管軍萬戶府軍民屯田：世祖至元二十七年，立會通民屯，屯戶系爨僰土軍二戶。 十六年，立建昌民屯，撥編民一百四戶。 二十三年，發爨僰軍一百八十戶，立軍屯。 是年，又立會川路民屯，發本路所轄州邑編民四十戶。 十六年，立德昌路民屯，發編民二十一戶。 二十年，始立軍屯，發爨僰軍人一百二十戶。
Luoluo Pacification Commission Garrison Farm: In the twenty-seventh year of Zhiyuan, a Huitong civilian garrison was established with two local Cuan-Bo soldiers as garrison households. In the sixteenth year, a Jianchang civilian garrison was established with 104 registered civilians assigned. In the twenty-third year, 180 Cuan-Bo soldiers were dispatched to establish a military garrison. That same year, a Huichuan civilian garrison was also established with 40 registered civilians dispatched from prefectures and districts under the circuit. In the sixteenth year, a Dechang civilian garrison was established with 21 registered civilians dispatched. In the twentieth year, a military garrison was first established with 120 Cuan-Bo soldiers dispatched.
110
烏蒙等處屯田總管府軍屯：仁宗延祐三年，立烏蒙軍屯。 先是雲南行省言：「烏蒙乃雲南咽喉之地，別無屯戍軍馬，其地廣闊，土脈膏腴，皆有古昔屯田之跡，乞發畏吾兒及新附漢軍屯田鎮遏。」 至是從之。 為戶軍五千人，為田一千二百五十頃。
Wumeng Garrison Farm Chief Office Military Garrison: In the third year of Yanyou, a Wumeng military garrison was established. Previously the Yunnan branch secretariat had argued: "Wumeng is the strategic throat of Yunnan, yet has no garrison troops; the land is vast and fertile, with traces of ancient garrison farming everywhere. We request Uighur and newly attached Han soldiers for garrison farming to secure the region." The request was then approved. This came to 5,000 soldier households and 1,250 qing of fields.
111
湖廣等處行中書省所轄屯田三處
Three Garrison Farms under the Huguang Branch Secretariat
112
海北海南道宣慰司都元帥府民屯：世祖至元三十年，召募民戶並發新附士卒，於海南、海北等處置立屯田。 成宗元貞元年，以其地多瘴癘，縱屯田軍二千人還各翼，留二千人與召募民之屯種。 大德三年，罷屯田萬戶府，屯軍悉令還役，止令民戶八千四百二十八戶屯田，瓊州路五千一十一戶，雷州路一千五百六十六戶，高州路九百四十八戶，化州路八百四十三戶，廉州路六十戶。 為田瓊州路二百九十二頃九十八畝，雷州路一百六十五頃五十一畝，高州路四十五頃，化州路五十五頃二十四畝，廉州路四頃八十八畝。
Haibei-Hainan Circuit Pacification Commission Civilian Garrison: In the thirtieth year of Zhiyuan, civilian households were recruited and newly attached soldiers dispatched to establish garrison farms in Hainan, Haibei, and elsewhere. In the first year of Yuanzhen, because the region was heavily malarial, 2,000 garrison soldiers were released to their original wings, leaving 2,000 to farm with recruited civilians. In the third year of Dade, the garrison-farm ten-thousand-household office was abolished and all garrison soldiers returned to regular service; only 8,428 civilian households remained to farm—5,011 in Qiongzhou, 1,566 in Leizhou, 948 in Gaozhou, 843 in Huazhou, and 60 in Lianzhou. Fields totaled 292 qing and 98 mu in Qiongzhou, 165 qing and 51 mu in Leizhou, 45 qing in Gaozhou, 55 qing and 24 mu in Huazhou, and 4 qing and 88 mu in Lianzhou.
113
廣西兩江道宣慰司都元帥撞兵屯田：成宗大德二年，黃聖許叛，逃之交趾，遺棄水田五百四十五頃七畝。 部民有呂瑛者，言募牧蘭等處及融慶溪洞徭、撞民丁，於上浪、忠州諸處開屯耕種。 十年，平大任洞賊黃德寧等，以其地所遺田土，續置藤州屯田。 為戶上浪屯一千二百八十二戶，忠州屯六百一十四戶，那扶屯一千九戶，雷留屯一百八十七戶，水口屯一千五百九十九戶。 續增藤州屯，二百八頃一十九畝。
Guangxi Liangjiang Circuit Pacification Commission Zhuang Soldier Garrison Farm: In the second year of Dade, Huang Shengxu rebelled, fled to Annam, and abandoned 545 qing and 7 mu of paddy fields. A subject named Lü Ying proposed recruiting Zhuang and Yao labor from pastoral areas such as Mulan and cave settlements in Rongqing to open garrison farms at Shanglang, Zhongzhou, and elsewhere. In the tenth year, after suppressing the bandits Huang De'ning and others at Daren Cave, an additional Tengzhou garrison farm was established on the abandoned lands. Households totaled 1,282 at Shanglang, 614 at Zhongzhou, 1,919 at Nafu, 187 at Leiliu, and 1,599 at Shuikou. Tengzhou garrison was further expanded by 208 qing and 19 mu.
114
湖南道宣慰司衡州等處屯田：世祖至元二十五年，調德安屯田萬戶府軍士一千四百六十七名，分置衡州之清化、永州之烏符、武岡之白倉，置立屯田。 二十七年，募衡陽縣無土產居民，得九戶，增入清化屯。 為戶清化屯軍民五百九戶； 烏符屯軍民五百戶，白倉屯同。 為田清化屯一百二十頃一十九畝，烏符屯一百三頃五十畝，白倉屯八十六頃九十二畝。
Hunan Circuit Pacification Commission Hengzhou Garrison Farm: In the twenty-fifth year of Zhiyuan, 1,467 soldiers from the De'an Garrison-Farm Ten-Thousand-Household Office were redeployed to Qinghua in Hengzhou, Wufu in Yongzhou, and Baicang in Wugang to establish garrison farms. In the twenty-seventh year, nine landless residents of Hengyang County were recruited and added to Qinghua garrison. Households totaled 509 military and civilian households at Qinghua; 500 military and civilian households at Wufu, and the same at Baicang. Fields totaled 120 qing and 19 mu at Qinghua, 103 qing and 50 mu at Wufu, and 86 qing and 92 mu at Baicang.